Bell Work

• Has the government of the United States been influenced by the governments of other countries and/or civilizations?

Origins of U.S.

Government The student will

demonstrate knowledge of the political philosophies

that shaped the development of Arizona and United States constitutional

governments.

Greeks

Roman Republic

Magna Carta

English Petition of Rights

English Bill of Rights

England

Classwork

• Magna Carta Activity

Bell Work

• How did the Magna Carta, Greece, the Roman Republic, and the English Bill of Rights influence the founders when they formed the United States?

Charters of the Virginia Company of London

State Constitutions Separation of Powers Checks and Balances

Civil Liberties

Early Colonial GovErnmEnts

Important Thinkers

John Locke (1632-1704)

•Social Contract

•Unalienable Rights

Thomas Hobbes

Limited Government

Montesquieu (1689-1755)

•Separation of powers

Rousseau (1712-1778)

•Direct democracy

•All men equal

Voltaire (1694-1778)

•Free Speech

Virginia Declaration of Rights

George Mason

Individual Freedoms

Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

Thomas Jefferson

Separation of Church and State

Homework

• Quickwrite: – Which of the thinkers that we just spoke about

do you feel has the most important idea about government? Justify your answer.

– Which of the thinkers that we just spoke about do you feel has the least important idea about government? Justify your answer.

Thomas Jefferson

Benjamin Franklin

John Adams

Robert Livingston

Roger Sherman

Our new government under the Articles of Confederation took

effect in 1781.

“…a loose union of the states under the

authority of the Congress.”

May 25, 1787 - 55 delegates met in Philadelphia to discuss fixing the Articles

The Virginia

Plan

Edmund Randolf

James Madison

•Bicameral legislature based on population

•Three separate branches

•Strong executive

The New Jersey Plan

•Unicameral legislature with equal

representation

•Weak executive

William Paterson

•Bicameral Legislature – Congress The Great Compromise

•Based on population

•Elected directly

•2 from each state

•Elected by state legislature

•Majority vote in both houses to pass laws

They avoided a too-powerful central government by establishing three co-equal

branches…

…with a system of checks and balances among them.

Federalism at work

The Three-Fifths Compromise

Federalists

Favored a strong national government that shared some power with the states

Jefferson

Henry

Samuel Adams

Lee

Anti Federalists

United States Constitution

3 parts to the U.S. Constitution:

1) Preamble - introduction

2) Articles - 7

3) Amendments - 27

Article 1

Legislative Branch

Organization of Congress

Article 2 Executive Branch

The Presidency

Article 3

Judicial Branch

Constitutional Courts

Article 4 Relations between states

Extradition & Reciprocity

Article 5 Amending

the U.S. Constitution

Article 6

National Supremacy

Article 7

Ratification of U.S.

Constitution

The Bill of Rights

First Ten Amendments

to the Constitution

1789

1st Amendment

Press

Speech

Freedom of:

Religion

Peaceful Assembly

Petition the Government

2nd Amendment

Right to bear arms

3rd Amendment

Can’t be forced to house troops

4th Amendment

Protection against unreasonable search & seizures

5th Amendment

Rights of the accused

6th Amendment

Trial Procedures

Speedy trial Right to a lawyer

7th Amendment

Jury trial in civil cases

8th Amendment

No excessive bails, fines

No cruel or unusual

punishments

9th Amendment

Rights not denied the people

10th Amendment

Rights reserved for the states

thE rEst of thE

amEndmEnts

11th Amendment

Suits against states

12th Amendment

Separate Votes for President and Vice-President

13th Amendment

Abolition of slavery

14th Amendment

Defines citizenship

Due process of law

Equal Protection

Clause

15th Amendment

African-American male suffrage

16th Amendment

Permanent federal income tax

17th Amendment

Direct election of Senators

18th Amendment

Forbid the manufacture,

sale, or distribution of alcohol

19th Amendment

Women’s suffrage

20th Amendment

Lame duck amendment

21st Amendment

Repeal of Prohibition

22nd Amendment

Presidential term limit

23rd Amendment

3 D.C. electors

24th Amendment

Abolished poll taxes

25th Amendment

President

Vice-President

Speaker of House

President pro-tem

Secretary of State

26th Amendment

Voting age from 21 to 18

27th

Amendment