New England

Map from nps.gov

Massachusetts (Includes present-day Maine)

Connecticut Rhode Island New Hampshire

Massachusetts

The Puritans came to Massachusetts after attempting to reform the Anglican Church.

Both believed in a stricter adherence to scriptures. While the Pilgrims chose separating from the Church of England (Anglican Church) as a first resort, Puritans wanted reform from within. They would have been content with the Church of England hierarchy if it followed what they believed were Biblical principles. (Maxwell, pilgrimhall.org 2003)

Pilgrims? Puritans?

What’s the difference?

To “purify” the Anglican Church They wanted:

No clergy above the rank of parish priest

No set prayers /elaborate rituals; simple worship and clothing of church leaders

Church hierarchy would not be under direct control of the King.

http://elane.stanford.edu/wilson/html/chap3/chap3-sect4.html

http://elane.stanford.edu/wilson/html/chap3/chap3-sect4.htmlhttp://elane.stanford.edu/wilson/html/chap3/chap3-sect4.htmlhttp://elane.stanford.edu/wilson/html/chap3/chap3-sect4.html

King Charles I brought changes to the Church of England. Puritans disagreed, and many were persecuted by the government. They still managed to become a powerful force in Parliament. An ensuing civil war resulted with the beheading of Charles I. Charles I (1600-1649)began his reign in 1625. http://www2.fiu.edu/~casinesg/Monarchs/monar

chs.htm

http://www2.fiu.edu/~casinesg/Monarchs/monarchs.htmhttp://www2.fiu.edu/~casinesg/Monarchs/monarchs.htm

Oliver Cromwell, the Puritan leader of the Parliament forces, became head of the government; but shortly after he died, Charles II returned the monarchy to the throne.

Oliver Cromwell, “Lord Protector of England”1649-1659

Beginnings of Massachusetts Bay Colony Puritans arrived 1630. Not only Puritans

went. Some were youngest sons, or those wanting economic gain.

Governing Massachusetts John Winthrop was

Governor. He worked physically,

as well as politically.

“City on a Hill” sermon https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/winthrop.htm

https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/winthrop.htmhttps://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/winthrop.htm

Voting Only stockholders of the MA Bay Colony could

vote. This caused discontent, since most were not

stockholders. Church members did not want non-Puritans in

power. They decided to let male church members vote for

Governor and General Court.

Leaving Massachusetts Thomas Hooker led 106 settlers out of MA. He

founded Hartford, Connecticut. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Allowed all male landowners to vote Limited governor’s power, thus expanding the idea of

representative gov’t.

Roger Williams and Rhode Island He thought the Puritan

Church had too much power. He wanted separation of church and state. He advocated religious tolerance, which Puritans did not have.

Ordered to leave, he and his followers bought land from Natives in Rhode Island.

He allowed Jews, Protestants, and Catholics to worship freely.

http://rds.yahoo.com/S=96062857/K=roger+williams/v=2/SID=e/TID=I047_86/l=II/R=5/SS=i/OID=c37e726a858b527c/SIG=1l7h5s2dd/EXP=1126634857/*-http%3A//images.search.yahoo.com/search/images/view?back=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3Droger%2Bwilliams%26ei%3DUTF-8%26fr%3DFP-tab-web-t-274%26fl%3D0%26x%3Dwrt&h=192&w=216&imgcurl=www.alomani.com%2Fknowledge%2Fhistory%2Fus%2Fimages%2Froger_williams.jpg&imgurl=www.alomani.com%2Fknowledge%2Fhistory%2Fus%2Fimages%2Froger_williams.jpg&size=6.0kB&name=roger_williams.jpg&rcurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canyonisd.net%2Ftechnology%2Fwebqcisd%2FKelleyJo%2FRevolutionary%2520Americans.html&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canyonisd.net%2Ftechnology%2Fwebqcisd%2FKelleyJo%2FRevolutionary%2520Americans.html&p=roger+williams&type=jpeg&no=5&tt=7,789&ei=UTF-8

Anne Hutchinson She fled to RI after she

was ordered to leave the Puritan MA colony. Women were not allowed to explain Bible teaching, plus she told the court that God spoke to her directly.

http://www.swarthmore.edu/SocSci/bdorsey1/41docs/30-hut.html

http://www.swarthmore.edu/SocSci/bdorsey1/41docs/30-hut.htmlhttp://www.swarthmore.edu/SocSci/bdorsey1/41docs/30-hut.htmlhttp://www.swarthmore.edu/SocSci/bdorsey1/41docs/30-hut.html

New Hampshire Formed The King made new

coastal settlements north of Boston into New Hampshire.

Trouble with Natives

Colonists were encroaching on Natives’ territory.

Metacom (King Phillip), Chief of the Wampanoag Indians, led assaults on more than 600 settlers.

He was killed. His family & 1000 Indians became slaves.

http://www.humanities.uci.edu/mclark/HumCore2001/Core2000Archive/Clark/RowlOutline.html

http://www.humanities.uci.edu/mclark/HumCore2001/Core2000Archive/Clark/RowlOutline.htmlhttp://www.humanities.uci.edu/mclark/HumCore2001/Core2000Archive/Clark/RowlOutline.htmlhttp://www.humanities.uci.edu/mclark/HumCore2001/Core2000Archive/Clark/RowlOutline.html

Puritan Life in New England

Sundays were reserved for worship only. Many community issues were

democratically decided at town meetings.

http://frank.mtsu.edu/~jhwillia/3020Salem.html

About 15 crimes, including witchcraft, carried the death penalty. The Salem witch trials of 1692 executed 20 “witches.”

New England Economy Crops Corn Squash Pumpkins

Lumber Hunting Shipbuilding Whaling, fishing

New England MassachusettsSlide Number 3To “purify” the Anglican ChurchSlide Number 5Slide Number 6Beginnings of Massachusetts Bay ColonyGoverning MassachusettsVotingLeaving MassachusettsRoger Williams and Rhode IslandAnne HutchinsonNew Hampshire FormedTrouble with NativesPuritan Life in New Englandhttp://frank.mtsu.edu/~jhwillia/3020Salem.htmlNew England Economy