BelfastBelfast

Presented by:Presented by:Anna Horstkotte, Stephanie Anna Horstkotte, Stephanie

Kampmann, Anja Kramer and Melanie Kampmann, Anja Kramer and Melanie NeuhausNeuhaus

OverviewOverview

I.I. IntroductionIntroduction

II.II. HistoryHistory

III.III. Religious ConflictReligious Conflict

IV.IV. Politics and EconomyPolitics and Economy

V.V. TourismTourism

VI.VI. Belfast DialectBelfast Dialect

I. IntroductionI. Introduction - - Geography -Geography -

Capital of Northern Capital of Northern IrelandIreland

located in the East of located in the East of Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland

Belfast Lough at the Belfast Lough at the mouth of River Laganmouth of River Lagan

ringed by high hills, ringed by high hills, sea lough and river sea lough and river valleyvalley

GeographyGeography

Province of UlsterProvince of Ulster PopulationPopulation

city of Belfast: 275.000 city of Belfast: 275.000 peoplepeople

greater Belfast area: greater Belfast area: 550.000 people550.000 people

II. HistoryII. History

1.1. Early HistoryEarly History

2.2. Founding of the CityFounding of the City

3.3. Expansion during the Industrial TimeExpansion during the Industrial Time

4.4. The 20th CenturyThe 20th Century

5.5. The Second World WarThe Second World War

6.6. Recent HistoryRecent History

1. Early History1. Early History

the side of Belfast has been occupied the side of Belfast has been occupied since the Bonze Agessince the Bonze Ages

in 1177 a Norman Fortress was foundedin 1177 a Norman Fortress was founded

2. Founding of the City2. Founding of the City

in 1603 Belfast is founded by English and in 1603 Belfast is founded by English and Scottish settlersScottish settlers

plan of Sir Arthur Chinester to colonise plan of Sir Arthur Chinester to colonise and remove Irish Catholics from the land and remove Irish Catholics from the land

tension with the existing Irish Catholic tension with the existing Irish Catholic population, rebellion in 1641population, rebellion in 1641

later small number of French Hugenots later small number of French Hugenots settle, fleeing persecutionsettle, fleeing persecution

3. 3. Expansion during the Industrial TimeExpansion during the Industrial Time

in the 19th Century Belfast becomes in the 19th Century Belfast becomes Ireland’s pre-eminent industrial cityIreland’s pre-eminent industrial city

migrants come to Belfast from all across migrants come to Belfast from all across Ireland, Scotland and EnglandIreland, Scotland and England

in that period first outbreaks of sectarian in that period first outbreaks of sectarian riotsriots

in 1901 Belfast is the largest city in Irelandin 1901 Belfast is the largest city in Ireland

4. The 20th Century4. The 20th Century

Belfast becomes the center of Irish unionism Belfast becomes the center of Irish unionism in 1922 Belfast is declared the capital of in 1922 Belfast is declared the capital of

Northern IrelandNorthern Ireland period after the partition is marked by vicious period after the partition is marked by vicious

sectarian disturbance and dramatic hardening of sectarian disturbance and dramatic hardening of the city’s sectarian boundariesthe city’s sectarian boundaries

after the creation of Northern Ireland many after the creation of Northern Ireland many Catholics leave the cityCatholics leave the city

Belfast suffers during the Great DepressionBelfast suffers during the Great Depression

5. The Second World War5. The Second World War

During the second world war Belfast is one During the second world war Belfast is one of the main cities bombed by the Germans of the main cities bombed by the Germans in the United Kingdom in the United Kingdom

Belfast is a target because of its Belfast is a target because of its concentration on heavy shipbuilding and concentration on heavy shipbuilding and aerospace industry aerospace industry

6. Recent History6. Recent History

in the early 1980th devastation of the city’s in the early 1980th devastation of the city’s economy due to general decline of economy due to general decline of manufacturing industrymanufacturing industry

in 1997 unionists loose control of the Belfast City in 1997 unionists loose control of the Belfast City Council for the first time in historyCouncil for the first time in history

since then two Catholic mayors: one from the since then two Catholic mayors: one from the SDLP and one from the Sinn FéinSDLP and one from the Sinn Féin

in 1994 ceasefires, although communal in 1994 ceasefires, although communal segregation has continued and occasional low segregation has continued and occasional low level street violence still occurslevel street violence still occurs

III. Religious ConflictIII. Religious Conflict

OverviewOverview

1.1. Cultural/ Religious Groupings Cultural/ Religious Groupings

2.2. The partition of IrelandThe partition of Ireland

3.3. Religion and ClassReligion and Class

4.4. PolicingPolicing

5.5. Situation in 2004Situation in 2004

1. Cultural/ Religious Groupings1. Cultural/ Religious GroupingsMain Churches:Main Churches:

Catholic ChurchCatholic ChurchThe Church of Ireland (Protestant Anglican)The Church of Ireland (Protestant Anglican)The Presbyterian ChurchThe Presbyterian ChurchThe Methodist ChurchThe Methodist Church

Protestant/ UnionistProtestant/ UnionistThe Apprentice Boysof DerryThe Apprentice Boysof DerryThe Orange OrderThe Orange OrderThe Royal Black InstitutionThe Royal Black Institution

Catholic/ NationalistCatholic/ NationalistThe Ancient Order of HiberniansThe Ancient Order of Hibernians

2. The Partition of Ireland2. The Partition of Ireland Origins of the troubles - debate over whether Origins of the troubles - debate over whether

Ireland, or part of Ireland, should be part of the Ireland, or part of Ireland, should be part of the United KingdomUnited Kingdom

Some Irish felt anger over their treatment by the Some Irish felt anger over their treatment by the BritishBritish

1922 – partition of Ireland into two seperate 1922 – partition of Ireland into two seperate regions, one of them “Northern Ireland“regions, one of them “Northern Ireland“

Northern Ireland - self-governing region of the Northern Ireland - self-governing region of the United KingdomUnited Kingdom

Nationalists – illegal and immoral division of the Nationalists – illegal and immoral division of the island against the will of its peopleisland against the will of its people

3. Religion and Class3. Religion and Class

Clear divide in terms of religionClear divide in terms of religion Left-right divide between the various Left-right divide between the various

communitiescommunities Northern Ireland of the 1960s needed Northern Ireland of the 1960s needed

change: change: Civil Rights Movement (moderate Civil Rights Movement (moderate

nationalists): wide reformsnationalists): wide reformsRepublicans: radical change Republicans: radical change

4. Policing4. Policing

Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) – largely Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) – largely ProtestantProtestant

Catholics did not join in the numbers Catholics did not join in the numbers expected by the Britishexpected by the British

Policing review – some reforms of policingPolicing review – some reforms of policing Renaming of the RUC – avoid using the Renaming of the RUC – avoid using the

word “Royal“word “Royal“

5. Situation in 20045. Situation in 2004

Irish and British Government continue to Irish and British Government continue to seek a solutionseek a solution

Good Friday Agreement: period that came Good Friday Agreement: period that came after the Troubles, the Northern Ireland after the Troubles, the Northern Ireland peace processpeace process

““Marching Seasons“: anti- Catholic Orange Marching Seasons“: anti- Catholic Orange Order Parade through various Order Parade through various neighbourhoods; neighbourhoods;

IV. Politics and EconomyIV. Politics and Economy1. Politics1. Politics

51 councillors elected to Belfast City Council in 51 councillors elected to Belfast City Council in the local goverment elections in 2005the local goverment elections in 2005

15 Democratic Unionist Party (DUP)15 Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) 14 Sinn Féin14 Sinn Féin 8 Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP)8 Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) 7 Ulster Unionist Party (UUP)7 Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) 4 Alliance Party4 Alliance Party 2 Progressive Unionist Party (PUP)2 Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) 1 Independent1 Independent

1. Politics1. Politics

4 UK parliamentary and Assembly 4 UK parliamentary and Assembly constituencisies (North, West, South & constituencisies (North, West, South & East Belfast)East Belfast)

In the general election 2005 they elected 2 In the general election 2005 they elected 2 DUP MP´s, 1 SDLP MP & 1 Sinn Féin MPDUP MP´s, 1 SDLP MP & 1 Sinn Féin MP

2. Economy2. Economy

Port and shipbuilding industry very Port and shipbuilding industry very importantimportant

The world´s largest drydock is located in The world´s largest drydock is located in the city (Titanic & Thomas Andrews)the city (Titanic & Thomas Andrews)

famous for linen industry and rope-makingfamous for linen industry and rope-making Tourism is also important for the cityTourism is also important for the city

V. TourismV. Tourism

1.1. Transport & HotelsTransport & Hotels

2.2. Top 5 things to doTop 5 things to do

3.3. Ulster MuseumUlster Museum

4.4. EventsEvents

1. Transport & Hotels1. Transport & Hotels

You can travel by:You can travel by:

PlanePlane Train Train CarCar ShipShip

Many opportunities to Many opportunities to stay:stay:

Bed & BreakfastBed & Breakfast self catering self catering GuesthousesGuesthouses Hotels up to 5*Hotels up to 5*

2. Top 5 things to do2. Top 5 things to do

1.1. visit Belfasts historical sightsvisit Belfasts historical sights

2.2. go to Ulster Museumgo to Ulster Museum

3.3. shoppingshopping

4.4. make a trip around the pubsmake a trip around the pubs

5.5. enjoy the nightlife in the cityenjoy the nightlife in the city

3. Ulster Museum3. Ulster Museum

Museum was opened 1833Museum was opened 1833 It got the name “Ulster Museum“ in 1962 as It got the name “Ulster Museum“ in 1962 as

it was transferred to trusteesit was transferred to trustees the museum now has 8.000 square metersthe museum now has 8.000 square meters Exhibition of a big collection of ethnographic Exhibition of a big collection of ethnographic

items, arts, archaeology, geology etc.items, arts, archaeology, geology etc. It has the status of being Northern Irelands It has the status of being Northern Irelands

national museumnational museum

4. Events4. Events

Dance Dance World Irish Dancing ChampionshipWorld Irish Dancing Championship

MusicMusic Festivals, Opera, MusicalsFestivals, Opera, Musicals

SportsSports Belfast city MarathonBelfast city Marathon

VI. Belfast DialectVI. Belfast Dialect

Inculdes a number of features of Ulster Scots Inculdes a number of features of Ulster Scots originorigin

Vocabulary: mebbe (maybe), thon (than), yer Vocabulary: mebbe (maybe), thon (than), yer (your), ay (yes) and ye (you)(your), ay (yes) and ye (you)

gramatical and syntactical features: for til and for gramatical and syntactical features: for til and for to (e.g. „I‘m waiting on ye for til wash the car.“ or to (e.g. „I‘m waiting on ye for til wash the car.“ or „He‘s come over for to see the film.“)„He‘s come over for to see the film.“)

Avoiding auxiliaries shall, ought and mayAvoiding auxiliaries shall, ought and may use of is and was (e.g. „Yer man and me is…“ or use of is and was (e.g. „Yer man and me is…“ or

„Him and me eats everything.“)„Him and me eats everything.“)

BibliographyBibliography

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfast http://http://www.geographia.comwww.geographia.com//

northern-irelandnorthern-ireland/ukibel00.htm/ukibel00.htm http://www.scots-online.org/grammar/belfahttp://www.scots-online.org/grammar/belfa

st.htmst.htm www.gotobelfast.comwww.gotobelfast.com