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Study Guide Test 1
BEHV 4750
Ch 1 Definition and Characteristics of ABA e!e"s of scientific
understandin#
o Descri$tion%Collection of facts about observed events that can
be quantified,
classified, and examined for possible relations with other known
facts
o &rediction% Repeated observation permits calculation of
relative probabilitiesamong events. Demonstrates correlation
between events. No causal relationship can be
interpreted
o Contro"% Able to make things happen in orderl, predictable
was, over and over.!ighest level of scientific understanding.
"unctional relationships can be derived
Attitudes of Science
o Deter'inis'% Assumption that the universe is a lawful and
orderl place. #vents
do not $ust occur without causes %&will'nill()
o E'$iricis'% *b$ective observation of phenomena of interest.
+ndependent of
individual pre$udices, tastes, or private opinions
o E($eri'entation% Controlled, careful comparison of measures of
the
phenomenon of interest under two or more conditions in which one
factor differs across
the conditionso )e$"ication% Repetition of + condition within
experiments to see if changes in
D occur reliabl. Repetition of experiments to be sure that the
same findings will be
obtained %determine reliabilit)
o &arsi'ony% -implest and most logical explanations are
preferred. "itting new
findings within existing knowledge base, introducing new
concepts or assumptions onl
when necessar. +nterpretations contain as few elements as
necessar and sufficient for
explanation
o &hi"oso$hic Dou*t% Continuous questioning of the
truthfulness and validit of
all scientific theor and knowledge. A knowledge is tentative,
set aside our most
cherished beliefs when the are inconsistent with convincing new
discoveries
E($eri'enta" Ana"ysis of Beha!ior% /asic research, concerned
with the discover of
fundamental relations, basic principles.o Distinction between
respondent and operant behavior, avoidance
of hpothetical constructs, development through extensive
experimentation of a
set of basic principles
)adica" Beha!ioris'% "rom -kinner. #schews &mentalistic(
explanations for behavior, does
not den the existence of private events
A$$"ied Beha!ior Ana"ysis% -cientific approach to the
development of technolog forimproving behavior
o A$$"ied% +nvestigates sociall significant behaviors with
immediate importance
to the participant. 0he behavior, stimuli, and1or organism under
stud are chosen because
of their importance to man and societ
o Beha!iora"% *bservable, measurable acts of people as the
sub$ect matter, and
0!A02- Ao Ana"ytic% 3ethods ield convincing conclusions whether
behavior change
occurred and if the change was due to the independent variable
%intervention).
Demonstrates experimental control.
o Techno"o#ica"% 0he techniques and methods are completel
described so much
so that others can implement the procedures well enough to
produce similar outcomes.
o Conce$tua""y Syste'atic% #xtent to which the analsis is
consistent with a
conceptual framework. /ehavior change interventions are derived
from basic principles of
behavior.
7/24/2019 BEHV 4750--Study Guide Test 1
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Study Guide Test 1
BEHV 4750
o Effecti!e% Applications should be sufficientl powerful that
their effects are large
enough to have &practical value(
o Genera"ity% Capacit to produce outcomes that last over time
and generali4e to
an appropriate variet of environments and behaviors
o Accounta*"e%0he commitment of applied behavior analsts to
effectiveness,their focus on accessible environmental variables
that reliabl influence behavior, and
their reliance on direct and frequent measurement to detect
changes
o &u*"ic% 0he transparent, public nature of A/A whose goals,
methods, and
outcomes are of vital interest to man constituencies
o Doa*"e% *thers %teachers, parents, coaches) can implement the
interventions
found effective in man A/A studies
o E'$o+erin#% A/A gives practitioners real tools that work
instilling confidence
in practitioners.
o ,$ti'istic% 5 reasons.
6)All individuals possess roughl equal potential
7)Direct and continuous measurement enables
practitioners to detect small improvements in performance that
mightotherwise be overlooked
8)9sing successful behavioral tactics
5)A/A2s peer'reviewed literature provides man
examples of success in teaching student who had been
considered
unteachable
Characteristics of the Disci$"ine -ecture.
0he &applied( characteristic
o +ssues associated with determining what issues we should
address
o 0he influence of values %e.g., some people think we shouldn2t
tr to change
&autistic( behaviors like rocking, etc:)
o Research that applies vs. research that addresses an applied
issue %&translational(research)
/ehavioral analses of A/A
o ;hat are some stimulus controls and reinforcers for our
behavior as scientists
and1or practitioners, and what are the implications of these
controlling variables
