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Before the notes: 1. Take out your notes 2. Write down anything you know about Greece 3. Once finished pass your papers to the front Ancient and Classical Greece

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Geography of Greece Questions: 1.What are some of the geographic features in Greece that you see? 2.How would these features affect the civilizations that formed there

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Test your Knowledge Of these 4 locations/cities where did the first Greek civilization form? A. Athens B. Crete C. Cyprus D. Sparta Answer: B. Crete

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Minoans First Greek civilization Sea faring people Why is this important? How could this have helped the Minoans? Palace of Knossos, labyrinth, Minotaur First Greek system of writing, unreadable What are some reasons we might not be able to read their language?

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Religion Polytheistic or monotheistic? Gods resembled humans in body and personality Why do you think the Greeks would envision their gods as flawed and not perfect as most cultures do. main gods known as the Olympian gods Examples: I.Zeus- king of gods II.Aries- god of bloodlust & war III.Athena- Goddess of wisdom & war IV.Hades- lord and god of underworld There are 12 main gods All Greeks believed this religion

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Archaic Greece Athens vs. Sparta Given what you know, what are some reasons these two ancient superpowers might dislike each other During this period 3 distinct cultures evolved, Dorian, Ionic, and Corinthian cultures Greece was divided into city states, each with a different government, governments ranged from total democracies to rule under a king, each governmental system was unique

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The three cultures! There were actually 6 cultures, however three evolved out of the other three I. Doric- Conservative, very simple life styles, my way is the right way attitude. Did not like new ideas or cultures, didnt like new technologies or new ways to do something, typical govt was a kingship or dictatorship, example of a Doric society: Sparta II. Ionic- liberal, more interested in arts and the beauty of human creation, loved new innovations and ideas, wanted to know how others lived. Always inventing new ways to make life better, had a great thirst for knowledge. Typical govt of an ionic society was a representative republic or democracy, example of an Ionic society: Athens

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Three cultures cont. III. Corinthian- very similar to Ionic, only real difference was detail of arts was more acute, great emphasis on arts and invention over government and individual need, a work for the greater good of the people ideology, socialist society. Typical govt of Corinthian state was a democracy, examples of a Corinthian state: Corinth

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Think like a Greek! Using the coloring pencils on the smart board, come up and circle (with the appropriate color) the column each society would build

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Pop quiz! Put away your notes, I want to see if you were paying attention! 1. Why was it important that the Minoans were sea capable? 2. How many Olympian gods are there? 3. Who were the major super powers in the Archaic period 4. Why was the Minoan language unreadable?

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Greco-Persian Wars Start of Classical Greece Cyrus the great, angry for Athens support of rebelling Greek states in Asia minor sent an invasion force to overtake the tiny peninsula Why would Cyrus want these city states so bad? Cyrus landed his forces at marathon, where he was defeated before he could unload his troops, the Greeks (Athens) using their Falanks defeated Cyrus, and the navy of Athens destroyed his fleet Why was this strategy so cleaver on the part of the Greeks?

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Greco-Persian wars round II! After first Persian war, Athens, Sparta, and several other states formed the Delian league to protect themselves from a future Persian attack If Athens beat Persia, why would they be scared of the Persians coming back? Xerxes, son of Cyrus the Great returns 10 years after marathon with an army of 200,000. Why would Cyrus son lead this army? Why did it take ten years for a counter attack for the Persians defeat at marathon? Greeks couldnt assemble in time, so Sparta sent 300 elite shock troops along with 900 other Greeks from the area of Greece known as arcadia, along with the Athenian navy, to meet the massive army at thermopile pass in northern Greece, to hold them off until Delian league was ready, Greeks held Persians off for three days before being slaughtered. Navy survived, barely Knowing nothing about thermopile, theorize why Greeks chose this place to fight, and not any where else in Greece After defeating Greeks at thermopile, Xerxes razes Athens, however was defeated several months later by Delian league and forced to leave in defeat The Delian league soon fell under the control of Athens, who used it to conquer Greece, finally a united Greek empire existed, however constant civil war lead to Peloponnesian war Why was there constant civil war?

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Any final questions?