BASKETBALL bent slightly, hips relaxed. -Place your right foot slightly ahead of the left. Ball Placement: -Hold the ball close to your chest and just below

IES Torres Villarroel (Salamanca) Physical Education (1ºESO)

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BASKETBALL

BASIC VOCABULARY:

Actions:

*.- To bounce: botar (en el sitio)

*.- To dribble: conducir (botar avanzando)

*.-To pass: pasar

*.- To shoot: tirar

*.- To slam: machacar

*.- Lay up: Bandeja o entrada a canasta

*.- To defend: defender

*.- To attack: atacar

*.- To score: anotar, marcar

Elements of the game:

*.- The ball: la pelota

*.- The court: la cancha

*.- The basket : la canasta

*.- The backboard: el tablero

*.- The hoop: el aro

*.- The lines: las líneas

*.- The key: la zona o "bombilla"

Fouls and violations:

*.- Violation: Infracción al reglamento. Las faltas que cometo yo solo (dobles, pasos, salirme de la cancha...). Se

castiga con la pérdida de posesión del balón.

1.- Double dribble: Dobles (el jugador bota con las dos manos o bien bota, y una vez ha detenido el bote

vuelve a botar).

2.- Travelling: Pasos (el jugador camina o corre dando más de dos pasos sin botar el balón).

3.- Out of bounds: Fuera (se produce cuando el balón bota fuera del campo o sobre la línea o el jugador de

juega la pelota tiene alguna parte de su cuerpo fuera del campo).

*.- Foul/Personal Foul: Falta personal. Las faltas que cometo sobre un adversario (golpear, cargar sobre él...). 5 por

partido (6 en la NBA)

1.- Offensive Foul: Falta en ataque (el jugador que comete la falta pertenece al equipo que tiene el balón).

Generalmente supone la pérdida de la posesión.

2.- Deffensive Foul: Falta en defensa (el jugador que comete la falta pertenece al equipo defensor).

Generalmente supone el lanzamiento de dos tiros libres del jugador que ha sufrido la falta).

3.- Technical Foul: Falta técnica (se produce por protestas de un jugador o entrenador a una decisión

arbritral). Se castiga con un tiro libre para el otro equipo. Dos de estas faltas, suponen la eliminación de un

jugador.

4.- Flagrant Foul: Falta antideportiva (se produce cuando un jugador corta el avance despejado hacia canasta

de su rival o se emplea con excesiva violencia).


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ABOUT HISTORY

Basketball was created by James Naismith, a YMCA physical education teacher. He thought planning a game similar than football but an indoor game to play when the weather were not good with less physical contacts.

An Spanish priest, Eusebio Millan, saw this game in Cuba and He took it back in Barcelona at 1922.

Basketball is now playing all arround the world. There are two different regulations. FIBA is the international oficial regulation. But the most famous and top competition, north american NBA has its own rules. Some of then are different (3 points distances is longer, quarter lenght are bigger, and travelling rule is a Little bit diferent) but in this days many of then are just similar.

BASIC RULES.

-There are two teams of five players on the court. Players can be changed as many times as the coach wants

- Basketball players play with a ball on a court dribbling, passing, or shooting.

-They score points when a player shoots the ball through the hoop.

-A basket (or field goal) counts two or three points, and free throws count one point each.

-A basketball game has four quarters. The length of each quarter has 10 minutes (12 in the NBA).

-Play starts with a “jump ball” at center court. At halftime, teams switch sides.

- If a game ends in a tie, teams usually play overtime periods until one team wins.

THE COURT AND PLAYERS´POSITIONS:


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Each player has a position in the court when playing. This position is usually depends on the height of the

player and his technical habilities.

Teams usually have:

1.- Play maker/ poitnt guard (base) They are the smallest players of the team. Their principal role is decide how top lay,

which is the best option to make a basket. They need to read the game. They are usually fast and good passing and

shooting. Ricky Rubio, Curry or Silvia Dominguez (who plays in Perfumerias Avenida Salamanca) are amazing play

makers.

2.- Shooting guard (Escolta) They are usually not very tall. They help play makers to move the team. They have more

scored responsabilities. Sergio Llull, the biggest of all time, Michael Jordan or spanish international Marta Xargay are

shooting guards.

3.- Small Forward (Alero). They have to be a good shooter. They are usually the top scorer of the Team. Lebron James

or spanish international, Alba Torrens are small forwards.

4.- Power Forward (Ala-Pivot). The are usually very tall, because they usually are near the hoop scoring or rebounding.

Spanish captain Pau Gasol is one of the best PF of all time.

5.- Center (Pivot) is the tallest nad biggest person. They are very important rebounding, defending and scoring near the

hoop. Shak Oneill or Marc Gasol are excellent centers.

ABOUT SKILLS

A) THE TRIPLE-THREAT POSITION:

This is the first thing to learn. The "triple-threat" position allows you to dribble,

shoot or pass quickly.

-Put the ball in one side of your chest, far from the defender.

-Turn your body so your body is between the ball and the defender.


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B) THE DRIBBLING:

The dribble is a push-pull movement of the arm. Your fingers must form a cup to adapt to the ball. Fingers and wrist

must be relaxed. Control the ball with your fingers, not the palms. Raise your non-dribbling hand up for protection.

Control, or Low Dribble:

Use this when the defender is close to you. Dribble the ball at knee level or

lower so it's hard for the defender to touch it.

Speed, or High Dribble:

Use it when you need to run with the ball quick. Extend your dribbling arm

completely, pushing the ball out in front of your body.

-Keep the ball near waist level to run comfortably.

C) THE PASS:

Two-Handed Chest Pass:

This is the most effective pass you can use. Place each hand on each side of the ball. Push the ball out from your chest

extending your arms.

Bounce Pass:

This type of pass is good to miss the defender´s hands, but it is the slowest one. You can do it with one or two hands. If

you do it with both hands, it is similar to the chest pass, but the ball must hit the floor on its way to the receiver.

Baseball Pass:

Effective for long passes. Place the ball high above the side of your head and throw the ball with a quick wrist move.


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D) THE SHOOT:

Basic position:

-Your feet should be shoulder width apart.

-Weight should be slightly forward on your toes,

knees bent slightly, hips relaxed.

-Place your right foot slightly ahead of the left.

Ball Placement:

-Hold the ball close to your chest and just below

your chin.

-Your fingers and thumb must be well spread

and your thumbs and index fingers forming a “W”

Prepare to shoot:

-Tilt your wrist back.

-Your hand, forearm, elbow, knee and foot should be in a straight line (this is called "the shooting line"). Knees must be

slightly bent, hips relaxed.

-Look at the rim before, during, and after your shot.

The final momento:

-When you begin the shot, your weight should roll forwards, to the toes of your forward foot.

-Push the ball with all your body: start with your legs, and afterwards your arms. When the ball leaves your hand, snap

your wrist to release the ball with a back spin, necessary for a soft shot.

E) THE LAY-UP:

-Pick the side you are going to shoot from, right

or left.

-If you're on the right, dribble and shoot with

your right hand. If you're on the left, do it with

your left hand.

-From the right:

-When you get to the three point line, place

your right foot in front.

-Put the ball in your right hand. Run two giant steps towards the basket.

-About 1.5m from the basket, stop dribbling and jump off the right foot.

-Throw the ball at the backboard top corner with the right hand. The ball should hit the backboard and pass through the

net.


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GYMNASTICS:

Gymnastics is a traditional sport in the Olympics.

It was practiced in Ancient Greece. It is a very spectacular sport, with incredible and powerful movements.

Basic Vocabulary:

Gymnastics: gimnasia

The roll: (voltereta) is a complete roll on the ground.

Forward: hacia delante

Backward: hacia atrás

Headstand or Head-and-hand balance: (equilibrio de cabeza o puntal) is a handstand that also uses your head

for balance.

Handstand or Hand balance: (el pino o equilibrio de manos) is balancing your body upside down on your hands.

Basic gymnastics skills:


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A handstand is the act of supporting the body in a stable, inverted vertical position by balancing on the hands. In a basic handstand the body is held straight with arms and legs fully extended, with hands spaced approximately shoulder-width apart. There are many variations of handstands, but in all cases a handstand performer must possess adequate balance and upper body strength.

Proper technique and teaching points:

-Hands should be shoulder width apart on the floor, with arms straight and fingers facing away from the body.

-Head should be in a neutral position, not tucked (chin to chest) too far or lifted outward.

-Shoulders should be extended; eliminating any angle in the shoulders, torso and legs. Squeezing the core muscles in the stomach and back can help prevent arching or piking.

-For a basic handstand position, legs should be straight and together.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_(ability)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_strength


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Headstand or Head-and-hand balance (equilibrio de cabeza o puntal) is a handstand that also uses your head for

balance.


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ACROSPORT

It is an acrobat-choreographic sport, since there are three key elements incorporated into its exercises:

1. Figure formations or body pyramids.

2. Realization of floor gymnastic skills (jumps, turns and balances) which are used as transitions from one figure to another.

3. Music, which supports the choreographic component of the combination of the previous elements.

Teams must create different structures and build human pyramids in time with the music.

It is a very old activity. Egyptians did human pyramids more than 2000 years ago.

Phases in the creation of the pyramids

First phase. Construction of the pyramid: the bases/lifters will from the base, adopting the chosen poses in the most

firm possible position. The students who will occupy the most elevated part will climb up while remaining as close as

possible to the base, with their head up and exerting a force of pressure downwards, avoiding any push out in lateral

direction. The pyramid forms from the inside towards the outside, and from downwards to upwards.

Second phase. Stabilization. Once the pyramid is formed, it must hold itself up for three seconds. If the distribution of

weight is correct, the pyramid will stay put. If it is necessary, corrections of the appropriate positions must be made to

correct the imbalances that occur.

Third phase. Undoing of the pyramid: this must always be done in opposite direction of the first phase, by having the

agile going down towards the front or in lateral direction. The bases/lifters or the helpers will help in the reception, by

holding the agile by their waist or back.


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Positions of the studentes in Acrosport

Acrobat or agile. They are the ones who create the most complicated elements (stunts) and climb up to the highest

positions of the pyramids.

Base/Lifter. The ones who acts as the base, using their body as support. They can be static or dynamic and their basic

positions are: lying supine (laying on their back), quadruped (on all fours) and bipedal (standing).

Helper. Their function is to help in the phases which require them and to adopt an aesthetic position in the final structure.

Figure building rules

1. Team members: Each team has more members than the ones needed to build the structure. They are the helpers and

must always pay attention to their partners.

2. Know what to do: Each team member must know what his or her position is.

3. The build up: You must build the structure in a coordinate way. Help is always needed. The structure must start from

the center and grow to the sides. The upper levels are the last part.

4. Stabilisation: The position must always be held, specially if you are supporting a partner. Structures must last at least

three seconds.

5. Dismantling the structure: It must be coordinated. In reverse of the building and always with help.

6. Roles: Each person must practise each position when building a figure. Helpers must change places with their

partners in the structure


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SAFETY WARNINGS:

1. Base/Lifters: use the legs to lift the weight of your partners.

2. The one who falls must not hold onto another

partner while falling.

3. Keep back straight and maintain muscle tone

and do not relax.

4. Do not rely in the middle of the back of your

partner. Locate the appropriate support zones of the base/lifter.

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Documents

BASKETBALL bent slightly, hips relaxed. -Place your right foot slightly ahead of the left. Ball Placement: -Hold the ball close to your chest and just below