Basin Description

Basin DescriptionBasin DescriptionBasin DescriptionBasin Description

State of the Art April 2003State of the Art April 2003

CNRCNRIAMC - Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino IAMC - Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino

CostieroCostieroMessina, ItalyMessina, Italy

Università degli Studi di MessinaUniversità degli Studi di Messina

CNRCNRIAMC - Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino IAMC - Istituto per l’Ambiente Marino

CostieroCostieroMessina, ItalyMessina, Italy

Università degli Studi di MessinaUniversità degli Studi di Messina

Cl (

mm

ol)

Na

(mm

ol)

K (

mm

ol)

Mg

(mm

ol)

Ca

(m

mol

)

SO

4 (m

mol

)

B (

mm

ol)

Sr

(um

ol)

Li (

umol

)

Br

(mm

ol)

Ura

nia

Ea

st

Ura

nia

We

st

L’A

tala

nte

Dis

cove

ry

Ba

nn

ock

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

3380dbar

3380dbar

Reaction Eh (V) G

Reduction of O2

O2 + 4H + +4e- --> 2H2O +0.812 -29,9

Reduction of NO3-

2NO3- + 6H+ + 6e- --> N2 + 3H2O +0.747 -28,4

Reduction of Mn4+

MnO2 + 4H+ + 2e- --> Mn2+ +2H2O +0.526 -23.3

Reduction of Fe3+

Fe(OH)3 + 3H+ + e- --> Fe2+ +3H2O -0.047 -10.1

Reduction of SO42-

SO42- + 10H+ + 8e- --> H2S + 4H2O -0.221 -5.9

Reduction of CO2

CO2 + 8H+ + 8e- --> CH4 + 2H2O -0.244 -5.6

DE

CR

EA

SIN

G E

NE

RG

Y Y

IEL

D

NONO33>>

MnOMnO22>>

(FeOH)(FeOH)33>>

SOSO442-2->>

COCO22

OO22>>

3380dbar

OO22>>

Eh + 0.812Eh + 0.812dG – 29.9dG – 29.9

(CH(CH22O)O)106106(NH(NH33))1616(H(H33POPO44) + 138O) + 138O22 106CO 106CO2 2 + 16HNO+ 16HNO33 + H + H33POPO4 4 + 122H+ 122H22OO

OxygenOxygen

3380dbar

NONO33>>

Eh + 0.747Eh + 0.747dG – 28.4dG – 28.4

(CH(CH22O)O)106106(NH(NH33))1616(H(H33POPO44) + ) + 94.4HNO94.4HNO33 106CO 106CO2 2 + + 42.2 N42.2 N22 + + 16NH16NH33

NitrateNitrate

3380dbar

MnOMnO22>>

EH + 0.526EH + 0.526dG – 23.3dG – 23.3

236MnO236MnO22 + (CH + (CH22O)O)106106(NH(NH33))1616(H(H33POPO44) + 364 CO) + 364 CO2 2 + 104 H + 104 H22O O 470 HCO470 HCO33

- - + 8N+ 8N22 + + 236Mn236Mn2+2+ HPO HPO442-2-

MnOMnO22

(solid)(solid)

MnMn2+2+

(Dissolved)(Dissolved)

BaBa++++

ManganeseManganese BariumBarium

BaBa++++

Oxic

Anoxic

3380dbar

FeFe22OO33 + (CH + (CH22O)O)106106(NH(NH33))1616(H(H33POPO44) + 740 CO) + 740 CO2 2 + 316 H + 316 H22O O 846 HCO846 HCO33

- - + 424 Fe+ 424 Fe22++ 16NH 16NH33 + 8N2 + HPO + 8N2 + HPO44

2-2-

(FeOH)(FeOH)33>>

Eh –0.047Eh –0.047dG –10.1dG –10.1

3380dbar

SOSO442-2->>

Eh - 0.221Eh - 0.221dG – 5.9dG – 5.9

SOSO442-2- + (CH + (CH22O)O)106106(NH(NH33))1616(H(H33POPO44) )

39 CO39 CO22 + 67HCO + 67HCO33- - + 16NH+ 16NH44

++ + + 53HS53HS-- + 39H + 39H22O + HPOO + HPO442-2-

SulphateSulphate SulphideSulphide SulphurSulphur

3380dbar

COCO2 2

EH – 0.224EH – 0.224dG – 5.6dG – 5.6COCO22 + H + H22O + CaCOO + CaCO3 3 Ca Ca22

+ + +2HCO+2HCO33--

3380dbar

MgMg KK

ClCl NaNa

3380dbar

3380dbar

NH2OH + H2O NO + 5H+ + 4e-

Jetten 2002

Very different is the situation about the Discovery basin Very different is the situation about the Discovery basin where the dissolution of the evaporite is just coming where the dissolution of the evaporite is just coming and where this young basin (about 2000 years ago) is and where this young basin (about 2000 years ago) is filled of an homogeneous body brine with a very high filled of an homogeneous body brine with a very high

concentration of magnesium chloride coming from the concentration of magnesium chloride coming from the going bishofite dissolutiongoing bishofite dissolution

(Wallmann, Nature 1997)(Wallmann, Nature 1997)

The Discovery basin, where the dissolution of the The Discovery basin, where the dissolution of the evaporites is still going, and at date is envolving evaporites is still going, and at date is envolving

principally the bishofite, could be a start point of a just principally the bishofite, could be a start point of a just not living environment where the high magnesium not living environment where the high magnesium

chloride concentration avoid every kind of life locking chloride concentration avoid every kind of life locking the biotic degradation of organic compounds by the biotic degradation of organic compounds by

microbial or esoenzimatic activity(ref). It is probably microbial or esoenzimatic activity(ref). It is probably waiting for the complete dissolution of the evaporites waiting for the complete dissolution of the evaporites

to reach a liveble (vivibile?) environment.to reach a liveble (vivibile?) environment.

0.1

M ethanococ204M eth ja

138M icroth103C ytopha

Cytophaga146R ikenel

104C ytopha102C ytopha

5Bacillus 130H yphom o149SphingoO ceanspP us

RhodsRub147S ilic ib

RoseobacLiSym biontA l164Thiom ic8Cand ArcoArcoButzl4Arcobac c

115Desulfo116Desulfo

125G eobact133M alonom

123D esulfu3Anaerom yx

111Desulfo114Desulfo112Desulfo

107D eferri118Desulfo120D esulfo

163Thiobac167Thiop lo

162ThiobacG allionell

132Legione6Bathym odi106D echlor

161Thia lka1Alka m ob

166Thiom ic2Alterom m

Slope stra201Vibrio

128H alom on129H alom onHalom onasmHalom Var

144P seudom145P seudom143P seudomPseudom M enPseudPsedu

M arA queoliM arHydocbcM arinobactA lterom ona137M arinob

136M arinob202A lkVenuFundJadPetro leum DAlkBkm

141P irellu140N itrosp

203Therm otTherm otoga

C FB

Alfa PB

Ep silo nPB

De lta PB

G a m m a PB

The rm a to g a le s

CUBE MODELCUBE MODEL

•Deep•Salinity•Oxigen concentration•RedOx Potential•Methabolisms•Phylogenetic association

-- O xig e n-- Fa c ulta tive

-- Iro n-- Sulfa te

-- M e tha ne

7A.LI B 64 2A.LI B 88 CLaquaticFormNullarborCavesAU UncUBA347051 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424318 2A.LI B 82 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncBacAF328191 PIRULELLAsp PLANCTOMYCESsp UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966

0.000.020.040.06

Pmy 1

SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 1A.LI B 107 UncAlphaAF348719 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 1A.LI B 14

0.000.020.04

xxx

CLsulfateRedConAF029039 IsolAustOilAJ011042 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 6A.BB B 23 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 1A.BB B 74 CytophagaAB015525 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072 CPHfermentans19072 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 1A.BB B 1 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 1A.BB B 88 1A.BB B 31 3A.BB B 15

0.000.010.020.03

CFBCFB

SpeciesSpecies

1A.BB B 28 2A.BB B 47 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 PIRULELLAsp 1A.BB B 107 PLANCTOMYCESsp UncBacAF328191 1A.BB B 34 1A.BB B 55 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 2A.BB B 56 2A.BB B 96

0.000.020.040.060.08

Pmy 1


0.000.020.040.06

Planctomycetales 1Planctomycetales 1

SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 1A.LI B 107 UncAlphaAF348719 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309

HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7

strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997

1A.LI B 14

0.000.020.04

XXX


0.000.010.020.03

CytophagalesCytophagales

1A.BB B 28 2A.BB B 47 UncCraterLakeAF316766 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424490 UncPlanctomyceteAF513966 CLdeep-seaSedAB015544 UncPlanctomyceteAF424462 PIRULELLAsp 1A.BB B 107 PLANCTOMYCESsp UncBacAF328191 1A.BB B 34 1A.BB B 55 MarSnowAssCLagg27-L10943 UncPlanctomyceteAF424463 2A.BB B 56 2A.BB B 96

0.000.020.040.060.08

Plancotmycetales 2Plancotmycetales 2


-- Iro n-- Sulfa te

-- M e tha ne


0.000.020.040.06

Pmy


0.000.020.04

xxxSOB1SOB1

CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 3A.LI B 70 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM CLSB-17 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091 1A.LI B 41 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803

0.000.010.020.030.04

ALKALISPIRILLUMmobilisAF114783 ThialkalivibrioDenitrifAF12654 UncGammaAF424060 1A.LI B 81 ECTOTHIORHODOSPIRAAF084511 strBD3-6 ThioplocaSp.Lake UncGammaAF424171

0.0000.0050.0100.0150.0200.025

SOB2SOB2


0.000.010.020.03

CFBCFB

CLBacterioplArctOcAF355046 CLbacterioplArctOcAF355047 1A.LI B 11 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424332 CLbacterioplankonAF001653 UncEubAB16-AF275926 2A.LI B 36 5A.LI B 90 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142828 CLHypersLakeLaysanHW-AF513964 DeinococcusRadiopugnansATCC191 CLchlorobenzeneCont.Groundwate DEHALOCOCCOIDESethenogenesAF00 CLt06f CLACE-22 UncVerrucomicrobiaAF424514 CLAnoxicMarineSedAY114335 CLanoxicMarineSediment 1A.LI B 68 UncBacAF275917 CLdeep-seaSedAB015533 CLvadinBE97

0.000.020.040.06

DCCDCC

SpeciesSpecies

1A.BB B 86 CLSAR193 UncAlphaAY033309 ACIDOCELLAspX91797 UncAlphaAF348719 SphingomonasMBIC3990 SPHINGOMONASyanoikuyaeX94099 HYPHOMONASjohnsonii SILICIBACTERlacuscaerulensisU7 strNKB7 CLDeepSeaSedToyamaBayAB077340 CLcoldMarineSedimentAJ240997 2A.BB B 43 CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 20A.BB B 16 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297 THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM 1A.BB B 92 CLSB-17 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803 Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091

0.000.020.040.060.08

SOB3SOB3TCCTCC

1A.BB+A+110 6A.BB+A+15 37A.BB+A+35 12A.BB+A+14 1A.BB+A+54 1A.BB+A+97 27A.BB+A+76 1A.BB+A+49 CLAfrGM CLAfrGoldMine3 CLAfrGoldMine1 UncArcSAGMA-G CLAfrGoldmine CLAfrGoldMine2 UncArcSAGMA-R Thermococcus mexicalis Termococcus waiotapuense Methanococcus infernus UncArcAF356638

0.000.020.040.06

CandidatusARCOBACTERsulfidicus 3A.LI B 70 STRJTB360 ARCOBACTERcryaerophilusCCUG178 CLAntarcContShelfSedAF424297

THIOMICROSPIRAdenitrificansDSM CLSB-17 STRNKB12 UncBacAF224804

Clhydrocarbon+seep+sediment CLhydrocarbonSeepSedAF154091

1A.LI B 41 ClanoxicZoneCariacoBasinAF2248 CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224803

0.000.010.020.030.04

Sulphide oxidizing bacteria 1Sulphide oxidizing bacteria 1

Sulphide oxidizing bacteria 2Sulphide oxidizing bacteria 2


0.0000.0050.0100.0150.0200.025


0.000.020.040.06

DeinecococcoidesDeinecococcoides


0.000.020.040.060.08

Sulfide oxidizing bacteria 3Sulfide oxidizing bacteria 3

Sulfur reducing ARCHEASulfur reducing ARCHEA

1A.BB+A+110 6A.BB+A+15 37A.BB+A+35 12A.BB+A+14 1A.BB+A+54 1A.BB+A+97 27A.BB+A+76 1A.BB+A+49

CLAfrGM CLAfrGoldMine3 CLAfrGoldMine1

UncArcSAGMA-G CLAfrGoldmine CLAfrGoldMine2

UncArcSAGMA-R Thermococcus mexicalis Termococcus waiotapuense Methanococcus infernus UncArcAF356638

0.000.020.040.06


-- Iro n-- Sulfa te

-- M e tha ne

SpeciesSpecies


0.000.020.040.06

Pmy


0.000.020.04

xxxSOB1


0.000.010.020.030.04


0.0000.0050.0100.0150.0200.025

SOB2


0.000.010.020.03

CFB


0.000.020.040.06

DCC


0.000.020.040.060.08

SOB3

DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 1A.BB B 18 5A.BB B 7 5A.BB B 20 CLKTK32 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770

0.000.020.040.060.08

IOB1IOB1

CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224796 1A.LI B 19 ClColdmarineSedAJ240985 THIOBACILLUSferrooxidans UncDeltaAF348719

0.000.010.020.030.04

IOB2IOB2

DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 7A.LI B 30 1A.LI B 4 3A.LI B 37 CLKTK32 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770

0.000.020.040.06

IOB3IOB3

DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349

1A.BB B 18 5A.BB B 7 5A.BB B 20 CLKTK32

CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770

0.000.020.040.060.08

Iron Oxidizeing Bacteria 1Iron Oxidizeing Bacteria 1

CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224796

1A.LI B 19

ClColdmarineSedAJ240985

THIOBACILLUSferrooxidans

UncDeltaAF348719

0.000.010.020.030.04




0.000.020.040.06


-- Iro n-- Sulfa te

-- M e tha ne

SpeciesSpecies


0.000.020.040.06

Pmy


0.000.020.04

xxxSOB1


0.000.010.020.030.04


0.0000.0050.0100.0150.0200.025

SOB2


0.000.010.020.03

CFB


0.000.020.040.06

DCC


0.000.020.040.060.08

SOB3

DEFERRIBACTERthermophilusU7560 DICTYOGLOMUSthermophilumX69194 CLGulfMexGasHydratesAY053495 CLGulfMexicoGasHydratesAY05349 1A.BB B 18 5A.BB B 7 5A.BB B 20 CLKTK32 CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347770 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347770

0.000.020.040.060.08

IOB1

CLAnoxZCariacoBasAF224796 1A.LI B 19 ClColdmarineSedAJ240985 THIOBACILLUSferrooxidans UncDeltaAF348719

0.000.010.020.030.04

IOB2


0.000.020.040.06

IOB3

CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347761 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347761 19A.LI B 50 11A.LI B 94 CLsaltmarsh CL+Delta CLdeltaProteobacteriaAY083025 1A.LI B 54 DESULFOMONASlimnicolaDSM2076 UncDeltaAF513951 STRHxd3 DESULFOBACTERIUMindolicumAJ237 DESULFOBOTULUS+U85470 CLOil-GroundwaterAB074951 DESULFOTIGNUMbalticumAF418176 2A.LI B 61 DESULFOSPIRAjoergenseniiX99637 CLCoastalAntarcticSedAY133462 CLcoastalAntarcticSedimentAY13 Desulfobacula+toluolica DESULFOBACULAtoluolicaAJ441316

0.000.020.040.06

SRB1SRB1 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142866 CLAntarctic+maritime 4A.LI B 16 CLFloodedRiceMicrocosmsAJ39046 THERMODESULFORHABDUSnorvegicus

0.000.010.020.030.04

SRB2SRB2

CLAntarcMarLakeAF142849 UncBacAF419688 UncCFBAF424351 UncCFBAF424352 RIKENELLAmicrofususATCC29728 UncBacAF371922 CLArctOcBactplanktonAF354617 CLsulfateRedConAF029039 IsolAustOilAJ011042 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 2A.LI B 1 2A.LI B 27 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CytophagaAB015525 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 3A.LI B 86 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 1A.LI B 71 CPHfermentans19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072

0.000.010.020.030.04

SRB3SRB3

CL+Delta CLdeltaProteobacteriaAY083025 DESULFOMONASlimnicolaDSM2076 UncDeltaAF513951 5A.BB B 39 STRHxd3 DESULFOBACTERIUMindolicumAJ237

0.0000.0050.0100.0150.020

SRB4SRB4

CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347761 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347761 1A.BB B 58 CLsaltmarsh DESULFOBOTULUS+U85470 DESULFOTIGNUMbalticumAF418176 CLOil-GroundwaterAB074951 4A.BB B 41 CLCoastalAntarcticSedAY133462 CLcoastalAntarcticSedimentAY13 DESULFOSPIRAjoergenseniiX99637 Desulfobacula+toluolica DESULFOBACULAtoluolicaAJ441316

0.000.020.040.06

SRB5SRB5 CLbrineInterfaceSDeepAJ347756 CLBrIntShabanDeepAJ347756 21U.BB B 27 2A.BB B 33 NEVSKIAramosaAJ001011 STRLX1 RHODANOBACTERlindaniclastLMG18 STENOTROPHOMONASmaltophilaAJ13 DESULFOBULBUSelongataDSM2908 DESULFOBULBUSrhabdoformisU1225 Desulfocapsa+sulfoexigens DESULFOFUSTISglycolicus

0.000.010.020.030.04

SRB6SRB6

CLAntarcMarLakeAF142866 CLAntarctic+maritime CLFloodedRiceMicrocosmsAJ39046 Desulfohalobium+retbaense DESULFOHALOBIUMretbaenseX99235 DESULFONATRIOVIBRIUMhydrognvrn DESULFONATRONOVIBRIOhydrogenov STRTD3 1A.BB B 4 1A.BB B 52 1A.BB B 90 1A.BB B 59 2A.BB B 78

0.000.010.020.030.040.05

SRB7SRB7

CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347761 CLBrIntShabanDeep 19A.LI B 50 11A.LI B 94 CLsaltmarsh CL+Delta CLdeltaProteobacteriaAY083025 1A.LI B 54 DESULFOMONASlimnicolaDSM2076 UncDeltaAF513951 STRHxd3 DESULFOBACTERIUMindolicumAJ237 DESULFOBOTULUS+U85470 CLOil-GroundwaterAB074951 DESULFOTIGNUMbalticumAF418176 2A.LI B 61 DESULFOSPIRAjoergenseniiX99637 CLCoastalAntarcticSedAY133462 CLcoastalAntarcticSedimentAY13 Desulfobacula+toluolica DESULFOBACULAtoluolicaAJ441316

0.000.020.040.06

Sulphate reducing bacteria 1Sulphate reducing bacteria 1

CLAntarcMarLakeAF142866 CLAntarctic+maritime 4A.LI B 16 CLFloodedRiceMicrocosmsAJ39046

THERMODESULFORHABDUSnorvegicus

0.000.010.020.030.04



CLAntarcMarLakeAF142849 UncBacAF419688 UncCFBAF424351 UncCFBAF424352 RIKENELLAmicrofususATCC29728 UncBacAF371922 CLArctOcBactplanktonAF354617 CLsulfateRedConAF029039 IsolAustOilAJ011042 UncBacteroidBacteriumAY133094 2A.LI B 1 2A.LI B 27 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142822 CLAntMarLakeAF142822 CytophagaAB015525 CYTOPHAGAsp.AB015525 CLsulfaRedConAF029041 CLColdMarineSedAJ240979 CYTOPHAGAsp.UncAJ240979 CLAntarcMarLakeAF142901 CLAntMarLakeAF142901 3A.LI B 86 CLHypersalineAlkalineLakeAF507 1A.LI B 71 CPHfermentans19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentansATCC19072 CYTOPHAGAfermentasATCC19072

0.000.010.020.030.04

CL+Delta CLdeltaProteobacteriaAY083025 DESULFOMONASlimnicolaDSM2076 UncDeltaAF513951 5A.BB B 39 STRHxd3

DESULFOBACTERIUMindolicumAJ237

0.0000.0050.0100.0150.020


CLbrineInt.ShabanDeepAJ347761 CLBrIntShabanDeep 1A.BB B 58

CLsaltmarsh DESULFOBOTULUS+U85470 DESULFOTIGNUMbalticumAF418176

CLOil-GroundwaterAB074951 4A.BB B 41 CLCoastalAntarcticSedAY133462

CLcoastalAntarcticSed DESULFOSPIRAjoergenseniiX99637

Desulfobacula+toluolica DESULFOBACULAtoluolicaAJ441316

0.000.020.040.06


CLbrineInterfaceSDeepAJ347756 CLBrIntShabanDeep 21U.BB B 27 2A.BB B 33 NEVSKIAramosaAJ001011 STRLX1 RHODANOBACTERlindaniclastLMG18 STENOTROPHOMONASmaltophilaAJ13 DESULFOBULBUSelongataDSM2908 DESULFOBULBUSrhabdoformisU1225 Desulfocapsa+sulfoexigens DESULFOFUSTISglycolicus

0.000.010.020.030.04


CLAntarcMarLakeAF142866 CLAntarctic+maritime CLFloodedRiceMicrocosmsAJ39046 Desulfohalobium+retbaense DESULFOHALOBIUMretbaenseX99235 DESULFONATRIOVIBRIUMhydrognvrn DESULFONATRONOVIBRIUM sp STRTD3 1A.BB B 4 1A.BB B 52 1A.BB B 90 1A.BB B 59 2A.BB B 78

0.000.010.020.030.040.05


?!ChemistryChemistry

Basin Structure and AgeBasin Structure and Age

Possible CommunityPossible CommunityAssociationAssociation

Methabolic limitsMethabolic limits

Mathematic modelMathematic model

Bacterial potentialityBacterial potentiality

16S limits16S limits

Documents

Basin Description