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Basics of Color
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Basics of Color
1Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants
A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN
Color Color - perceptual characteristic of light Light is composed of many colors We see - colors of the visual spectrum:
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet
Objects absorb certain wavelengths & reflect others back to the viewer
We perceive these wavelengths as color Colors – described using hue,
saturation & brightness (lightness) or HSL
2Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants
A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN
Hue Hue is the wavelength within the visible-light
spectrum at which the energy output from a source is greatest
Refer to the set of "pure" colors within a color space
Hue means both a color and a shade of a color. Green is a hue, and turquoise is a hue of both green and blue
Hue - quality that normally identifies a color such as red, green, and blue.
3Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants
A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN
Saturation (chroma) Saturation is how pure hue is The saturation 'range' goes from vivid to dull to
grayscale (the absence of hue) A hue that is 100% saturated would be vivid As the hue is desaturated, it will become duller
and if further desaturated, it will eventually become grayscale
A saturated color looks clear and bright; an unsaturated color appears pale, muddy, or dull.
4Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants
A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN
Lightness/Brightness Lightness defines a range from dark (0%) to fully
illuminated (100%) Brightness is the relative lightness or darkness of a
particular color, from black (no brightness) to white (full brightness)
Lightness and brightness are grouped into a single term called value, although the lightness and value terms are commonly used interchangeably
The value of a color is distinguished by its relationship to a scale of white to black
5Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants
A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN
HSL
6Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants
A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN
Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN 7
Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN 8
Color description systems CIE Color model Hunter Color lab System
Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN 9
CIE Color model The CIE color model is a color space model created by
the International Commission on Illumination known as the Commission Internationale de l’Elcairage (CIE)
It is also known as the CIE XYZ color space or the CIE 1931 XYZ color space
First mathematically defined color spaces. Mapping system - uses tristimulus (a combination of 3
color values that are close to Red/Green/Blue) values, which are plotted on a 3D space
When these values are combined, they can reproduce any color that a human eye can perceive.
Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN 10
Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN 11
Hunter Color lab System The HunterLab system (1958) was the first to use
the opponent color theory stating that the red, green, and blue cone responses are re-mixed into opponent coders as they move up the optic nerve to the brain
L (Lightness) axis a (Red-green) axis b (Blue-yellow) axis
Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN 12
Technology of Food Flavorants and Colorants A.Sangamithra, Dept. of Food Technology, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, TN 13