FIRE FIGHTING

Fire Fighting

Hotel is fully equipped with automatic

fire alarm and fire safety system.

What is Fire

• Fire is a chemical reaction between three Fuel,

Heat and oxygen.

• Fire can not take place in the absence of any of

these factors.

• Good servant but bad master.

TRIANGLE OF FIRE

A)HEAT: REQUIRED HEAT/TEMPRATURE REACHINGUP TO IGNITION POINT.

HEAT

OXYGENFUEL

B)FUEL: A COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL EITHER INSOLID,LIQUID OR GASEOUS FORM.

C)OXYGEN: USUALLY AIR WHICH CONTAINSAPPROX. 20% OXYGEN.

FIRE TAKES PLACE WHEN THESE ELEMENTS COME TOGETHER{ HEAT + FUEL + OXYGEN "FIRE"}

MAIN PRINCIPLE OF EXTINGUISHING THE FIRE

SMOTHERING : REMOVAL OF OXYGEN

STARVING

SMOTHERINGCOOLING

TO PREVENT "FIRE" AVOID THE COMBINATION OF THREE ELEMENTS OR REMOVE ANY ONE SIDEOF THE FIRE TRAINGLE

COOLING : REMOVAL OF HEAT

STARVING : REMOVAL OF FUEL

Causes of fire

• Careless smoking

• Gas Leakage

• Electric short circuit

• Careless fireworks

• Over Heating of equipment

• Over loaded Electrical System

• Careless storing of inflammables (petrol, kerosene)

FIRE EXTINGUISHING SOURSES

CLASS "A" (SOLID FIRE) COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS.(WOOD, PAPER, CLOTH, PLASTIC etc.)

CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE

CLASS "B" (LIQUID FIRE) ALL INFLAMMABLE LIQUIDS/CHEMICALS(OIL,PETROL, PAINTS,LIQUOR etc.)

CLASS "C" (GASEOUS FIRE) ALL INFLAMMABLE COMPRESSED GASES.(LPG, BUTANE,METHEN, HYDROGEN etc)

CLASS "D"(METALLIC FIRE) ALL COMBUSTIBLE METALS(MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, SODIUM etc.)

CLASS “E” ( ELECTRICAL FIRE )ALL ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES.

A) METHODS

2. WATER : MOST EFFECTIVE EXTINGUISHING SOURCE FOR "A" CLASS FIRE ONLY. BUT NOT TO BE USE ON “B&E” CLASS OF FIRE

1. SAND : NATURAL EXTINGUSING SOURCE FOR “ALL” CLASSES OF FIRE.

WATER CO2 FOR "A" CLASS FIRE

FOAM TYPE FOR "B" CLASS FIRE

D.C.P(DRY CHEMICAL POWDER)

FOR "B,C,D,E" CLASS FIRE

CO2

CARBON DIOXIDE

FOR "B,C,E" CLASS FIRE

ABC DRY POWDER

FOR "ALL” CLASS OF FIRE

B) FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

C) SPRINKLER SYSTEM

SPRINKLER HEAD BREAKS WHEN TEMPRATURE REACHES TO 68 DEGREE.

PIPE ALWAYS REMAIN FILLED WITH WATER UNDER PRESSURE.

D) HOSE REEL

LOCATION OF HOSE REEL IS NEAR EACH FIRE EXIT.

IT SHOULD BE USED WHEN LESS QUANTITY OF WATER IS REQUIRED.

IT SHOULD BE USE FOR "A" CLASS FIRE ONLY.

E) FIRE HYDRANT

IT SHOULD BE USED WHEN MINIMUM 03 PERSONS ARE PRESENT.

IT SHOULD BE USED WHEN THERE IS AMAJOR OUTBREAK FIRE.

DETECTION OF FIRE

b) AUTOMATIC DETECTION:INVISIBLE FIRE

(SMOKE DETECTORS & HEATERS )

a) MANUAL DETECTION: VISIBLE FIRE (BY MEANS OF EYES, EARS, NOSE & SKIN)