04/21/23 1Gilmore & Gilmore From YA to AP

Barry GilmoreHutchison SchoolMemphis, TNwww.barrygilmore.com

From YA to AP:Literacy Strategies for Every Level

Dr. Sue GilmoreMLK Magnet SchoolNashville, TN

04/21/23 2Gilmore & Gilmore From YA to AP

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Research, Standards,

and Context

Reading Questions

and Strategies

Discussion and

Questions

Group Work and Presentation

Strategies

Writing Strategies

A Model for 21st Century Learning

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Context

Purpose

Relevance

Engagement Civic Agency

Collaboration

Networking

Scaffolding

Process

Learning Styles

Choice

Autonomy

Flexibility

Problem Solving

Critical Thinking

Entrepreneurship

CreativityTechnology

Why?

How?

With what tools?

Learning for the 21st Century

Context

Purpose

Relevance

Engagement

Choice

Autonomy

Flexibility

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In school learning requires…

Individual cognition

Pure mentation

Symbol manipulation

Generalized learning

Out of school learning requires…

Shared cognition

Tool manipulation

Contextualized reasoning

Situation-specific competencies

Resnick, Journal of Educational Research (1987)

Research, Standards,

and Context

Learning In School and Out

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Research, Standards,

and Context

Gen X and Gen Y learners:

are parallel thinkersfocus on outcomesseek control over their own learningcreate their own learning environmentsrespond to challengesexercise technological literacyare comfortable with diversityneed immediacy

Bova, Journal of Workplace Learning (2001)

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Research, Standards,

and Context

Gen Y learners:

78% are comfortable working with diverse groups

86% say their work should have positive influence

48% wish to work in teams

Value flexibility, high-quality colleagues, new experiences and challenges

Hewlett, et al., Harvard Business Review (2009)

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Some Key Research and Resources on 21st Learning

Baris-Sanders (1997). Cooperative Education: Lessons from Japan. Phi Delta Kappan.

Barron, et al. (1998). Doing with Understanding: Lessons from Research on Problem and Project Based Learning. The Journal of the Learning Sciences.

Basset (2010). Schools of the Future: The Right-Brained Future. www.nais.org.

Bova & Kroth (2001). Workplace Learning and Generation X. Journal of Workplace Learning.

Bransford, Brown & Cocking (2000). How People Learn. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

Bransford & Schwartz (2001). Rethinking Transfer: A Simple Proposal with Multiple Implications. Review of Research in Education.

Broad & Newstrom. (1992). Transfer of Training.

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Byham & Pescuric (1996). The New Look of Behavior Modeling. Training & Development .

Daley (1999). Novice to Expert: An Exploration of How Professionals Learn. Adult Education Quarterly .

Delahoussaye (2002). The Perfect Learner: An Expert Debate on Learning Styles Training.

Hakel &. Halpern (2003). Applying the Science of Learning to the University and Beyond. Change .

Hewlitt, S. A., Sherbin, L., & Sumberg, K. (2009). How Gen Y and Boomers Will Reshape Your Agenda. Harvard Business Review, July-August.

Johnson (2004). The Newest "Reality Show": The Importance of Legitimizing Experiential Learning with Community-Based Research. The American Biology Teacher.

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Lord (2007). Revisiting the Cone of Learning: Is It a Reliable Way to Link Instruction with Knowledge Recall. Journal of College Science Teaching .

Proserpio & Gioia (2007). Teaching the Virtual Generation. Academy of Management Learning and Education.

Resnick (1987). The Presidential Address: Learning in School and Out. Educational Researcher. 16(9), 13-20.

Schemp, W. (2008). Self-Monitoring: Demystifying the Wonder of Expert Teaching. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance.

Serafini (2002). Reflective Practice and Learning. Primary Voices K-6.

Wellner (1999). Get Ready for Generation Next. Training.

Zenger, Ulrich, & Smallwood (2000). The New Leadership Development. Training and Development.

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Research, Standards,

and Context

Reading Strategies

Group Work and Presentation

Strategies

Discussion and

Questions

Writing Strategies

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What do students read?

1928 (Graves):

Shakespeare

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Mark Twain

Charles Dickens

1966 (ETS):

Shakespeare

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Harper Lee

Mark Twain

1992 (Applebee):

Shakespeare

Nathaniel Hawthorne

Harper Lee

Mark Twain

2009 (Wolk):

Shakespeare

F. Scott Fitzgerald

Harper Lee

Mark Twain

Context

Purpose

Relevance

Engagement

Choice

Autonomy

Flexibility

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What do students read?

2010 (Arkansas Study: Students in top 10% of reading achievement)

1. Stephanie Meyer

2. Christopher Paolini

3. Harper Lee

4. Elie Weisel

5. JK Rowling

6. John Steinbeck

7. Ray Bradbury

8. F. Scott Fitzgerald

Within next 10: Khaled Hosseini, Rick Riordan, Dan Brown, Scott Westerfeld, William Shakespeare

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Gateway Literature

Bridge

Oryx and Crake

The Beach

Children of Men

Life of Pi

The Book Thief

Survival:

The Hunger Games

The Maze Runner

Life As We Knew It

Night

The Road

Robinson Crusoe

Canon

Paradise Lost

1984

The Tempest

Gateway

Dystopias:

The Giver

Animal Farm

Uglies

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Gateway Literature

Frankenstein

Brave New World

Canon

Wuthering Heights

Jane Eyre

Bridge

Never Let Me Go

Dracula

Interview With the Vampire

Possession

House of the Scorpion

The Adoration of Jemma Fox

(Cloning)

Gateway

Twilight

City of Bones

(Gothic Romance)

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Gateway Literature

Canon

Catcher in the Rye

A Separate Peace

Gateway

Paper Towns

Just Listen

Prep

(High School)

Bridge

Special Topics in Calamity Physics

Harry Potter

The Chronicles of Narnia

Eragon

(Fantasy)

Lord of the Rings

Blind Assassin

Pillars of the Earth

Beowulf

Sir Gawain

The Tempest

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Reading Strategies

Choice

Reading Circles

Online Discussion

Context

Problem Solving

Critical Thinking

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Research, Standards,

and Context

Reading Strategies

Group Work and Presentation

Strategies

Discussion and

Questions

Writing Strategies

Making Literature

Circles More Relevant to

Students

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What They Are What They Aren’t

Student centered Teacher and textbook centered

Groups formed by book choice or topic choice

Teacher groups formed by ability or alphabet

Structured to allow student choice/independence

“Talk Time” or “Complaint Hour”

Unique each time; flexible and fluid Prescriptive

Literature Circles

Adapted from Getting Started with Literature Circles, Noe and Johnson, Christopher-Gordon

Publishers, Inc. 1999.

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Not your parents’ “group work”Not your parents’ “group work”

• Dysfunction happens however the group is selected

• One person does it all• No one does it at all (no

leader)• Off-task• Inaccurate or not thorough• Someone is absent when the

group presents• Peer review

• Dysfunction happens however the group is selected

• One person does it all• No one does it at all (no

leader)• Off-task• Inaccurate or not thorough• Someone is absent when the

group presents• Peer review

Perils of Group WorkPerils of Group Work

• Groups are often more creative than individuals

• More ideas are considered• Students enjoy working

together • The classroom becomes more

welcoming• A product may be produced• Teacher can circulate• Peer review

• Groups are often more creative than individuals

• More ideas are considered• Students enjoy working

together • The classroom becomes more

welcoming• A product may be produced• Teacher can circulate• Peer review

Profits of Group WorkProfits of Group Work

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It’s more fun if you are not by yourself. Sometimes all you need is a pair.

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Literary Graveyard ActivityLiterary Graveyard Activity

Objectives:

Students will learn the word epitaph.

Students will write four lines of iambic pentameter.

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Circles and PairsCircles and Pairs

The Circle—students discuss the works they have read so far picking out characters who have

died by the end of the story, reviewing plot and

causes of the deaths.

The Pairs—each pair of

students collaborates to create the

epitaph

(4 rhyming lines of iambic

pentameter) for two

characters

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Epitaphs from SeniorsEpitaphs from Seniors

• The good…Marmeladov (Crime and

Punishment)He was a great and

wonderful fatherBut he was a drunkard and

a botherThen one day he sadly got

killed by a horseMay his life now be on the

rightful course.

• And the not so good…Pawnbroker (Crime and

Punishment)There was a woman, her

name AlenaShe was real evil and made

it rainaSo Roskolnikov killed her

with an axHe stole her stuff and buried

it in sacks.

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At the hands of a warrior, he fell.Plunging into the deep, dark depths of

hell.A beast misunderstood by everyoneCreated by evil and now he’s done.

And perhaps the best…Grendel

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Pre-reading Activities for Oedipus RexPre-reading Activities for Oedipus Rex

Circles— read and discuss a mythological story based on House of Atreus (good examples: Niobe, Iphigenia, Helen of Troy, death of Agamemnon)

Pairs—put your story in a text messageGroups--present the story to the class as a play or

pantomimeContinuing the circle—examples from students’

own reading (Harry Potter springs to mind)

04/21/23 29Prompt Attention Choice and Voice

The Story of Niobe

@ the party 4 Leto Niobe gt jealous & strtd brgging abt her 14 kids & Apollo & Artemis kill her kids & she turns 2 stone

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The Story of Iphigenia

Agamemnon po’d Artemis so she took his wind unless he killed his girl but Artemis puts a deer N her stead

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• Homework: ask students to find the sources (cited in MLA format) and meanings of 7 allusions in the song “Love, Love, Love” by the Mountain Goats

• Small groups or pairs: answer the questions on the open note quiz

• Homework: check out allusions in modern commercials and bring your chart to class

My Favorite Multi-Purpose Activity of the Year

My Favorite Multi-Purpose Activity of the Year

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The Senior Thesis

• The academic literature circle to gladden your heart.

• Organized by book, topic, or need help with finding criticisms, or refining thesis statement.

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Research, Standards,

and Context

Reading Strategies

Group Work and Presentation

Strategies

Discussion and

Questions

Writing Strategies

Mechanics

Why don’t students learn what we teach?

Style

Context

Purpose

Relevance

Engagement

Choice

Autonomy

Flexibility

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The novel a midsummer night’s dream by Shakespeare, is a comedy about four lovers got mix up by love In MDSN Lysander quote The course of true love never did run smooth is based on real life situation. There are many ways such as: confusing, hurt, and happiness. Things people that love go through. Lysander quote also applies to Midsummer night because even though it has a happy ending and deals with magical things, they still went through things to get what they wanted. With that being said Lysander quote applies to MDSN, because of the real life situation.

Daniel:8th grade sample

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Elizabeth from Frankenstein and Addie from As I Lay Dying in my perspective are alike. They have similar feelings about their family. Elizabeth loves Victor and she was about to marry him before she was sadly murdered by the monster. Addie loves her family and she wants to live but unfortunately it was too late for her to go back and tell them how much she loves them. Elizabeth also was treated unfairly by Victor Frankenstein. She was not getting the attention as she should have been getting as an Engaged girlfriend. Victor was more focus on the monster. It seems as if he didn’t like Elizabeth, but he loves the monster more.

Daniel:10th grade sample

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Question: What strategies would help Daniel improve his writing?

Daniel:Writing Strategies

Context

Purpose

Relevance

Engagement

Choice

Autonomy

Flexibility

College lettersRevision strategies

Reading level and subject matter: Maus, Night

Collaboration

Networking

Thesis constructionBook selectionDeadlines

Peer tutoring (school writing lab, Daniel as tutor)Group work in class

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The Great Depression began in 1929 and lasted until 1942. The years between dragged on like a child drags his foot when discovers a sticky clump of gum at the bottom of his shoe. In the novella Of Mice and Men, Steinbeck expresses these hardships through his characters. Hating someone and then losing him or her is a different form of feeling lost without a companion. Throughout the novella, Candy and Crooks have the constant desire for a companion, and are extremely jealous of George and Lennie, who always have each other’s back. When times are tough you do not need excess money or fancy cars, you simply need a good buddy or companion.

Kelsey:8th grade sample

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When a girl goes out on a date with a guy, her dad always acts really protective, and sometimes takes out the old hunting gun and begins to clean it just as the guy is about to ring the door bell. This act of saying, “Don’t mess with my daughter or else” is displayed in A Midsummer Night’s Dream but instead of taking out the old hunting gun Hermia’s father insists that she marry Demetrius instead of her true love Lysander or he will truly kill Hermia. A father’s over-protectiveness gets in the way of love like a deer in the way of a car, for the father steps out and directs the daughter to who she shall love thus stopping the daughter, but shortly following it results in a big crash. The result of this struggle for control is a long road that is never easy for the daughter for the wrath of a controlling father is not a pretty sight.

Kelsey:10th grade sample

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Question: What strategies would help Kelsey improve her writing?

Kelsey:Writing Strategies

Context

Purpose

Relevance

Engagement

Collaboration

Networking

Writing strategies/outliningRevision strategies

Process

Peer reading

Context

Purpose

Relevance

Parent involvement

04/21/23 43Gilmore & Gilmore From YA to AP

Research, Standards,

and Context

Reading Questions

and Strategies

Discussion and

Questions

Group Work and Presentation

Strategies

Writing Strategies

Reading Questions and Strategies

Group Work and Presentation

Writing Strategies

Research, Standards, Context

04/21/23 44Gilmore & Gilmore From YA to AP

Barry GilmoreHutchison SchoolMemphis, TNwww.barrygilmore.com

From YA to AP:Literacy Strategies for Every Level

Dr. Sue GilmoreMLK Magnet SchoolNashville, TN