Bacteria and Archaebacteria

8/7/2019 Bacteria and Archaebacteria

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Oleh:

SETYANINGSIH R PPL UNNES


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THE word MONERA is derived from a Greeks word

MONERES meaning SINGLE

Organisms that most its members have these following

CHARACTERISTIC:1. Have a tiny size

2. Living as a single cell3. Having no nuclear membrane (prokaryotic)


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MONERA Kingdom consists of TWO members:

1.

ARCHAEBACTERIA2 . UB I : - Bacteria

- a acteria( ree - l e al ae)


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ARCHAEBACTERIA

ARCHAEBACTERIA are Kinds of bacteria with no

peptid og lica n e on their cell wall and lipid with

bra n ched c chai n on their plasma membrane


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ARCHAEBACTERIA ARCHAEBACTER I A i i I t THREE r up :

1. M ETHANOGEN Bac t ri a, b ac t ri a th a t pr u ce e th ane. They li e a t s am p , su c h a s

Methanobacterium2. HALOPHYLL Bac te ri a, b ac te ri a th a t li e a t an

env ir nmen t ith hi h s a lt con ten t, su c h a sH alobacterium

3. THERMOACIDOPHYLL bacteria, bacteria that live at ahot and acid environment, such as S ulfolabus

and Thermoplasma


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EUBACTERIA

EUBACTERIA are Kinds f acteria that ca e f d ithe at re.

acteria c sist f two members :1 . B I2

. Y NOP Y ( ree - l e al ae)


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THE word bacteria derived from g reek s w o rdbacterium wich means a little bacil

Bacteria is micr o sco pic o rg an ism and its only be seenby an electron microscop with 1000x (thausand timeszoom)


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CHARACTERISTIC OF BACTERIA

Bacteria is a single cell organism. There are manysize of bacteria, but usually, bacteria have a sizebetween 1 to 5 microns. They live anywhere, theycan live inside an organism, at the ground water,sea, etc. They usually have no nuclear membraneand clorophyll so they called heterotroph. If a

bacterium is in a bad condition, it will performendospores to protect its life.


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BACTERIA CHARACTERISTICM ICROORGANISM E,

BACTERIA HAVE A SIZElength: 10 micron ( 1 micron = 0 ,0001 mm) wide: 0 ,5-1 micron

Bacteria can only be seen through an electronmicroscope with 1000x


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BACTERIA CHARACTERISTICSTHEY LIVE ANY WHERE, IT IS COSM OPOLITAN

BACTERIA

BASIC OF CELL WALL AREMU KOPOLISAKARIDA AND PEPTIDOGLIKAN


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BACTERIA CHARACTERISTICSTHE CELL OF BACTERIA CAN PRODU CE A MU CU S

ON THE CELL WALL WHICH CALLED CAPSU LE

CAPSU LE IS A CHARACTERISTIC OF BACTERIA WICH CAN CA U SE ILLNESS. (PATHOGEN

BACTERIA)


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BACTERIA CHARACTERISTICSM EM BRANE SITOPLASM A tersusun atas FOSFOLIPID

dan PROTEIN

FU NGSI:1. Sebagai ALAT TRANSPORTelektron dan proton

yang dilepas saat oksidasi bahan makanan2. PENGANGKU T SENYAWA yangM ASU K dan

M ENINGGALKAN Sel


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BACTERIA CHARACTERISTICSIN A BAD CONDITION, A BACTERIA PERFOR M

ENDOSPORA

THE FU NGCTION OF ENDOSPORA IS TO PROTECTBACTERIA FROM THE HEAD AND NATU REINTERVENTION


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BACTERIA CHARACTERISTICS

The kinds of bacteria are

divided in to

Bacteria whichhave flagelium

Bacteria whichdon t haveflagelium


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There are three kinds of basicshapes of

bacterium cell


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A BAR SHAPED BACTERIUM (basil)M ONOBASIL

(Basil which shape is single bar)

Sa lmonell a typhiNOTE: Causin typhus


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A BAR SHAPED BACTERIUM (basil)DIPLOBASIL

(Bacteria which shape are double bar)

Renibacterium salmoninarum


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A BAR SHAPED BACTERIUM (basil)STREPTOBASIL

(Bacteria which shape is chain-like bar )

B as illus a nthr ac tis

NB: causing antra x s


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A ROUND SHAPED BACTERIUM

(coccus)M ONOCOCC U S

(bacteria which shape is a single round)

N eiss eria gonorrhoe a eNB: causing gonorrhoe


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(coccus)DIPLOCOCCU S

(bacteria which shape is doube round )

D iploc occ us pneumoni a eNB: causing pneumoniae


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(coccus)STREPTOCOCU S

(Bbacteria which shape is chain like round)

S trepto c occ us sa liva riu sNB: bakteri yang terdapat dalam air ludah


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(coccus)STAFILOCOCCU S

(bacteri which shape like grapes)

S ta phyloc occ us a ureu s


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(coccus)SARKINA

(bakteri bentuk bola berkelompok membentuk kubus)

Sa r c ina s p


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SPIRAL SHAPED BACTERIA VIBRIO

(bakteri bentuk koma/ lengkung lingkaran)

V ibrio c holer a eNB: penyebab penyakit kolera


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SPIRAL SHAPED BACTERIASPIROCHAETA

(bakteri bentuk spiral yang punya sifat halus dan lentur)

T reponem a pa llidumNB: penyebab penyakit sifilis


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SPIRAL SHAPED BACTERIASPIRAL

(bakteri bentuk spiral/ lebih dari lingkaran)

S pirillum minor NB: menyebabkan demam dengan perantara tikus


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CAPSULE (kapsul)EXSPLANATION:1. PLACE: out site of cell wall2. Consist of protein and glicogen3. Capsule can found in patogen bacteria4. Function:

y

Survive from anti body that product by host celly Protecting cell of drainess


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F LAGELLA (flagel)PENJELASAN:1. Terbuat dari Protein disebut FLAGELIN

2. FU NGSI: untuk BERGERAK (mobile)3. Berdasarkan Letak dan Jumlah, FLAGEL dibedakan

menjadi: A M PITRIK ?...M ONOTRIK ?...LOPOTRIK ?...PERITRIK ?...


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F LAGELLA (flagel)1. Ampitric: bacteria that the both of the edge have a

flagel

2. M onotric: bacteria that one of the edge has a flagel

3. Lopotric: bacteria that one of the edge have many flagels

4. Peritric: bacteria that all of the surface of body haveflagel


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DINDING SELPENJELASAN:1.

LETAK: di sebelah DALA M

KAPSU

L2. TERSU SU N atas Persenyawaan POLISAKARIDA danPROTEIN = PEPTIDOGLIKAN

3. FU NGSI:

untuk M ELINDU NGI Sel


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MEMBRAN SELPENJELASAN:1.

LETAK: di bagian DALA M

setelah DINDING SEL2. TERSU SU N atas M olekul LEM AK dan PROTEIN,sifat dari M embran Sel SE M IPER M EABLE

3. FU NGSI:

M engatur KEL U AR-M ASU K ZAT keluar ataukedalam selM ELINDU NGI Sel


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MEMBRAN SELPENJELASAN:1.

TERSU

SU

N atas LEM

AK dan PROTEIN2. SIFAT M EM BRAN Sel: SEM IPER M EABLE3. FU NGSI:

M engatur KEL U AR-M ASU K ZAT keluar atau

kedalam sel


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MESOSOMPENJELASAN:1. M

erupakan PENONJOLAN ke ARAH DALA M

(kedalam Siotoplasma2. FU NGSI:

PENYEDIA ENERGI bagi Bakteri

PU SAT PEM BENTU KAN DINDING SEL BAR U DI ANTARA KEDU A SEL ANAKAN pada PROSESPEM BELAHAN


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LEMBARF OTOSINTETIKPENJELASAN:1. M

erupakan PELIPATANM

EM

BRAN ke arahsitoplasma2. Di dalam pelipatan membran dapat ditemukan

KLOROFIL

3. FU NGSI:FOTOSINTESIS pada BAKTERI


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SITOPLASMAPENJELASAN:1. CAIRAN SITOPLASM A, tersusun atas KOLOID yang

mengandung berbagai M OLEKU L ORGANIK2. M olekul Organik dalam Sitoplasma berupa

(karbohidrat, lemak, protein, mineral-mineral,ribosom, DNA, serta enzim-enzim)

3. FU NGSI:TEM PAT berlangsung REAKSI M ETABOLIK


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DNAPENJELASAN:1. M ATERI GENETIK, terdapat Dalam SITOPLAS M A

INTI2. BENTU K: SIRKU LER 3. Terdiri dari 2 POLIN U KLEOTIDA BERPILIN

4. FU NGSI:PENGONTROL SINTESIS PROTEIN BAKTERIZat PEM BAWA SIFAT atau GEN


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PLASMIDPENJELASAN:1. M erupakan DNA Non KRO M OSOM AL2. U KU RAN: 1/ 1000 X DNA KROM OSOM3. PLASM ID mengandung GEN TERTENT U , misal: gen

kebal antibiotik


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RIBOSOMPENJELASAN:1. TERSU SU N atas PROTEIN dan RNA 2. BENTU K: BU TIR-BU TIR KECIL tidak Bermembran3. FU NGSI:

SINTESIS PROTEIN


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ENDOSPORAPENJELASAN:M ER U PAKAN CARA BAKTERIU NTU K M ENGATASI

KONDISI LINGKU NGAN


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There are two (2) ways of bacteriareproduction

U with

I

U With

O JU TIO


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ASEKSUAL REPRODUCTIONBACTERIA with biner cleavage . BINER CLEAVAGE is happen cleavage with not

CLEAVAGE M ITOSIS

PROCCESS: First Biner cleavage with replication of DNA

become to copy DNA, to take part sitoplasma cleavageand than format separate wall both bacteria cell


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Proccess Biner Cleavage


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Time : 20 minutes for do clevageLimited Factor : a . Difensiasi food

b. Temperaturc. Ekskresid . Other organisme to bacteria fagosit


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Seksual ReproductionSeksual reproduktion with poccess conjugation

Notes:

Bacteria to give DNA is male bacteriaBacteria admission of DNA is female bacteriaBacteria is a cleavage binerBacteria formed bacteria cell


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BACTERIA REPRODUCTION

Basically there are two ways of bacteria reproduction, vegetative and

generative.VEGETATIVEGenerally, a bacterium vegetative reproduction is a cleavage

reproduction. This reproduction is binary cleavage, that is every cellsplits into two cell.GENERATIVE

This generative reproduction do not wind with gamets and cell

fusion, but have a genetic matter that changes from a cell toanother cell, called as parasexual or genetic rekombination. Bacteriaparasexual reproduction could happen in three different ways:Conjugation

Direct genetic matters transfers by making a cell contact in theform of bridge-like structure between two adjacent cells.Transformation

Transfer of a small number of genetic matters from a cell toanother cell.Transduction

a genetic matters transfers from a cell to another cell by using abacteriophage as the transfer media.

Documents

Bacteria and Archaebacteria