Background on Dalai Lama

8/12/2019 Background on Dalai Lama

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Dalai Lama 1

Dalai Lama

Dalai Lama

Gendun Drup, 1st Dalai Lama

Reign 1391-2005


2/21

Tibetan

Wylie transliteration taa la'i bla ma

Dalai Lama / Takla

Dalai Lama

Chinese name

Traditional Chinese

Simplified Chinese

Transcriptions

Mandarin

- Hanyu Pinyin Dli

Tibetan name

Tibetan

Transcriptions

- Wylie taa la'i bla ma


3/21

Dalai Lama 2

T!e Dalai Lama is a !i"! lama in t!e Gelu" #r $%ell#& at$ bran(! #) *udd!ism+ T!e name is a (#mbinati#n #) t!e

#n"#lian rd dalai meanin" $-(ean$ and t!e Tibetan rd bla-ma .&it! a silent $b$/meanin"$tea(!er$+1((#rdin" t# t!e (urrent Dalai Lama, t!e Tibetan rd $lama$ (#rresp#nds pre(isel t# t!e

betterkn#&n 4anskrit rd $"uru$+

n reli"i#us terms, t!e Dalai Lama is belie6ed b !is de6#tees t# be t!e rebirt! #) a l#n" line #) tulkus &!# are

(#nsidered t# be mani)estati#ns #) t!e b#d!isatt6a #) (#mpassi#n, 6al#kite76ara+ Traditi#nall, t!e Dalai Lama

ist!#u"!t #) as t!e latest rein(arnati#n #) a series #) spiritual leaders &!# !a6e (!#sen t# be reb#rn in #rder t#

enli"!ten #t!ers+ T!e Dalai Lama is #)ten t!#u"!t t# be t!e leader #) t!e Gelu" 4(!##l, but t!is p#siti#n bel#n"s

#))i(iall t# t!e Ganden Tripa, &!i(! is a temp#rar p#siti#n app#inted b t!e Dalai Lama &!#, in pra(ti(e,

e8ertsmu(! in)luen(e+

#r (ertain peri#ds #) time bet&een t!e 1:t! (entur and 1959, t!e Dalai Lamas s#metimes dire(ted t!e Tibetan

"#6ernment, &!i(! administered p#rti#ns #) Tibet )r#m L!asa+ T!e 1;t! Dalai Lama remained t!e !ead #) state

)#rt!e

=ui(k t# re>e(t t!isand (laimed t!at #nl t!e !a6e t!e aut!#rit t# sele(t t!e ne8t Dalai Lama, despite bein" an

#))i(iall at!eist nati#n+

The origin of the title ofDalai Lama

n 15:? t!e #n"#l ruler ltan @!an best#&ed t!e title Dalai Lama #n 4#nam Gats#+ T!e title &as later

applied retr#spe(ti6el t# t!e t prede(ess#rs in !is rein(arnati#n line, Gendun Drup and Gendun Gats#+

Gendun Gats#&as als# 4#nam Gats#'s prede(ess#r as abb#t #) Drepun" m#naster+ #&e6er, t!e 1;t! Dalai

Lama asserts t!at ltan @!an did n#t intend t# best#& a title as su(! and t!at !e intended #nl t# translate t!e

name $4#nam Gats#$int# #n"#lian+

+ + + man &riters !a6e mistranslatedDalai Lama as $-(ean #) Aisd#m$+ T!e )ull #n"#lian title,

$t!e nder)ul Ba>rad!ara, "##d splendid merit#ri#us #(ean$, "i6en b ltan @!an, is primaril a

translati#n#) t!e Tibetan rds Sonam Gyatso .sonam is $merit$/+ 3

T!e 1;t! Dalai Lama (#mmentedC

T!e 6er name #) ea(! Dalai Lama )r#m t!e 4e(#nd Dalai Lama #n&ards !ad t!e rd Gats# in

it,&!i(! means $#(ean$ in Tibetan+ 6en n#& am TenEin Gats#, s# t!e )irst name is (!an"in" but

t!e se(#nd part t!e rd $#(ean$ be(ame like part #) ea(! Dalai Lama's name+ ll #) t!e Dalai

Lamas,sin(e t!e 4e(#nd, !a6e t!is name+ 4# d#n't reall a"ree t!at t!e #n"#ls a(tuall (#n)erred

a title+ t &as >ust a translati#n+ ;

A!ate6er t!e intenti#n ma !a6e been #ri"inall, t!e #n"#lian $Dalai$, &!i(! d#es n#t !a6e an meanin" as a

Tibetan term, (ame t# be underst##d (#mm#nl as a title+

T!e name #r titleDalai Lama in #n"#lian ma als# !a6e deri6ed #ri"inall )r#m t!e title taken b TemF>in #r

Gen"!is @!an &!en !e &as pr#(laimed emper#r #) a united #n"#lia durin" 120+ TemF>in t##k t!e name

Hin"isI"!an #r $#(eani( s#6erei"n$, t!e an"li(iEed 6ersi#n #) &!i(! is Gen"!is @!an+ 5

Tibetans address t!e Dalai Lama as Gyalwa Rinpoche .$Jre(i#us Bi(t#r$/,Kundun .$Jresen(e$/, Yishin Norbu

.$Ais! )ul)illin" Gem$/ and s# #n+

4#nam Gats# &as an abb#t at t!e Drepun" #naster &!# &as (#nsidered &idel as #ne #) t!e m#st eminent

lamas #) !is time+ lt!#u"! 4#nam Gats# be(ame t!e )irst lama t# !a6e t!e title $Dalai Lama$ as des(ribed

ab#6e, sin(e!e &as t!e t!ird member #) !is linea"e, !e be(ame kn#&n as t!e $T!ird Dalai Lama$+ T!e pre6i#us

t titles &ere(#n)erred p#st!um#usl up#n !is supp#sed earlier in(arnati#ns+

%#nten Gats# .15?9K11/, t!e ;t! Dalai Lama, and a n#nKTibetan, &as t!e "rands#n #) ltan


4/21

@!an+T!e tulku traditi#n #) t!e Dalai Lama !as e6#l6ed int#, and been inau"urated as, an

instituti#nC


5/21

Dalai Lama 3

$T!e instituti#n #) t!e Dalai Lama !as be(#me, #6er t!e (enturies, a (entral )#(us #) Tibetan (ultural

identit $a smb#li( emb#diment #) t!e Tibetan nati#nal (!ara(ter+$ T#da, t!e Dalai Lama and t!e

#))i(e #) t!e Dalai Lama !a6e be(#me )#(al p#ints in t!eir stru""le t#&ards independen(e and, m#re

ur"entl, (ultural sur6i6al+ T!e Dalai Lama is re"arded as t!e prin(ipal in(arnati#n #)

su(! as &estern

$T!e Dalai Lamas !a6e als# )un(ti#ned as t!e prin(ipal spiritual "uide t# man imalaan kin"d#ms

b#rderin" Tibet, as &ell as &estern

&ritin"s,re)le(tin" t!e )usi#n #) *udd!ist p!il#s#p! emb#died in Tibetan *udd!ism, !a6e be(#me

#ne #) t!erld's "reat rep#sit#ries #) spiritual t!#u"!t+ $?

T!e (urrent Dalai Lama is #)ten (alled $is #liness$ ./ b Aesterners .b anal#" &it! t!e J#pe/, alt!#u"!

t!isd#es n#t translate t# a Tibetan title+

*e)#re t!e 20t! (entur, ur#pean s#ur(es #)ten re)erred t# t!e Dalai Lama as t!e $Grand Lama$+ #r e8ample,

in1:?5 *en>amin ranklin *a(!e m#(ked Ge#r"e Aas!in"t#n b termin" !im t!e $Grand Lama #) t!is and @arma Jaks!i, t!e 2nd @armapa+ @arma Jaks!i, !#&e6er,

s#u"!t t!epatr#na"e #) Mn"ke @!an+ *e)#re !is deat! in 12?3,@arma Jaks!i &r#te

a &ill t# pr#te(t t!e establis!ed interests #) !is se(t b ad6isin" !is

dis(iples t# l#(ate a b# t# in!erit t!e bla(k !at+ is instru(ti#n &as based

#n t!e premise t!at *udd!ist ide#l#" is eternal, and t!at *udd!a uld

send emanati#ns t# (#mplete t!e missi#ns !e !ad initiated+ @arma Jaks!i's

dis(iples a(ted in a((#rdan(e &it! t!e &ill and l#(ated t!e rein(arnated

b# #) t!eir master+ T!e e6ent &as t!e be"innin" #) t!e tea(!er

rein(arnati#n sstem )#r t!e *la(kKat Line #) Tibetan *udd!ism+ Durin"

t!e in" Dnast, mper#r %#n"le best#&ed t!e title Great Treasure

Prince of Dharma, t!e )irst #) t!e t!ree Princes of Dharma, up#n t!e*la(kKat @armapa+ Bari#us se(ts #) Tibetan *udd!ism resp#nded t# t!e

tea(!errein(arnati#n sstem b (reatin" similar linea"es+


6/21

Dalai Lama ;

nification of Tibet

GFs!i @!an

n t!e 130s, Tibet be(ame entan"led in p#&er stru""les bet&eent!erisin" an(!u and 6ari#us #n"#l and -irat )a(ti#ns+ Li"den

@!an #) t!e (#ntinued t!e )i"!t, e6en

!a6in" !is #&n s#n rslan killed a)ter rslan (!an"ed sides+

Ts#"t Tai> &as de)eated and killed b GFs!i @!an #) t!e

@!#s!ud in 13:, &!# uld in turn be(#me t!e #6erl#rd #)

Tibet, and a(t as a $Jr#te(t#r #) t!e %ell#&

!elped t!e i)t! Dalai Lama t# establis! !imsel) as t!e !i"!est

spiritual and p#liti(al aut!#rit in Tibet and destr#ed anp#tentialri6als+ T!e time #) t!e i)t! Dalai Lama &as, !#&e6er,

als# a peri#d #)ri(! (ultural de6el#pment+

T!e i)t! Dalai Lama's deat! &as kept se(ret )#r )i)teen

ears b t!e re"ent .TibetanC AlieC

sde-srid /, 4an""e Gats#+ T!is &as apparentl d#ne s#

t!at t!e J#tala Jala(e (#uld be )inis!ed, and t# pre6ent

Tibet'snei"!b#urs takin" ad6anta"e #) an interre"num in t!e

su((essi#n #) t!e Dalai Lamas+13

Tsan"an" Gats#, t!e 4i8t! Dalai Lama, &as n#t

ent!r#ned until 19:+ Tsan"an" Gats# en>#ed a li)estle

t!atin(luded drinkin", t!e (#mpan #) men, and &ritin"

l#6e s#n"s+1;n 1:05, L#bEan" @!an #) t!e @!#s!ud used

t!e si8t! Dalai Lama's es(apades as e8(use t# take (#ntr#l

#) Tibet+ T!e re"ent &as murdered, and t!e Dalai Lama sent

t# *ei>in"+ e died #n t!e &a, near @#k# Nur, #stensibl

)r#m illness+ L#bEan" @!an app#inted a ne& Dalai Lama

&!#, !#&e6er &as n#t a((epted b t!e Gelu"pa s(!##l+

@elEan" Gats# &as dis(#6ered near @#k# Nur and

be(amea ri6al (andidate+

T!e DEun"ars in6aded Tibet in 1:1:, and dep#sed and killed

L#bEan" @!an's pretender t# t!e p#siti#n #) Dalai

Lama+ T!is &as &idel appr#6ed+ #&e6er, t!e s##n be"an t# l##t


7/21

t!e !#l pla(es #) L!asa, &!i(! br#u"!t a s&i)t

resp#nse )r#m mper#r @an"8i in 1:1? but !is militar e8pediti#n

&as anni!ilated b t!e DEun"ars, n#t )ar )r#m

L!asa+15 1

se(#nd, lar"er, e8pediti#n sent b mper#r @an"8i

e8pelled t!e DEun"ars )r#m Tibet in 1:20 and t!e tr##ps

&ere

!ailed as liberat#rs+ T!e br#u"!t @elEan" Gats# &it!t!em )r#m @umbum t# L!asa and !e &as installed as t!e

se6ent! Dalai Lama in 1:21+1:

$)ter !im Oamp!el Gats# t!e Bt! Dalai

Lama .1:5?1?0;/, t!e Pt! and Pt! Dalai

Lamas diedbe)#re attainin" t!eir ma>#ritC #ne

#) t!em is (redibl stated t# !a6e been

murdered and str#n" suspi(i#n atta(!es t# t!e

#t!er+ T!e Pt! and Pt! &ere ea(! ent!r#ned

but died s##n a)ter bein" in6ested &it! p#&er+

#r 113 ears, t!ere)#re, supreme aut!#rit inTibet &as in t!e !ands #) a Lama Qe"ent, e8(ept

)#r ab#ut t ears &!en a la n#ble !eld #))i(e

and )#r s!#rt peri#ds #) n#minal rule b t!e Pt!

and Pt! Dalai Lamas+

t !as s#metimes been su""ested t!at t!is state

#) a))airs &as br#u"!t ab#ut b t!e mbanst!e

mperial Qesidents in Tibetbe(ause it uld be

easier t# (#ntr#l t!e Tibet t!r#u"! a Qe"ent t!an

&!en a Dalai Lama, &it! !is abs#lute p#&er,

&as at t!e !ead #) t!e "#6ernment+ T!at is n#t

true+ T!e re"ular ebb and )l#& #) e6ents

)#ll#&ed its set (#urse+ T!e mperial Qesidents

in Tibet, a)ter t!e )irst )lus! #) Eeal in 1:50,

"re& less and less interested and e))i(ient+ Tibet

&as, t# t!em, e8ile )r#m t!e urbanit and (ulture

#) Jekin" and s# )ar )r#m d#minatin" t!e

Qe"ents, t!e mbans all#&ed t!emsel6es t# be

d#minated+ t &as t!e ambiti#n and "reed )#r

p#&er #) Tibetans t!at led t# )i6e su((essi6e

Dalai Lamas bein" sub>e(ted t# (#ntinu#us

tutela"e+$1?

T!ubten Oi"me N#rbu, t!e elder br#t!er #) t!e present 1;t!

Dalai Lama, des(ribes t!ese un)#rtunate e6ents as )#ll#&sC


8/21

Dalai Lama 5

$t is per!aps m#re t!an a (#in(iden(e t!at bet&een t!e se6ent! and t!e t!irteent! !#lders #) t!at #))i(e,

#nl #ne rea(!ed !is ma>#rit+ T!e ei"!t!, Gampal Gats#, died &!en !e &as in !is t!irties, Lun"t#"

Gats# &!en !e &as ele6en, Tsultrim Gats# at ei"!teen, @!adrup Gats# &!en !e &as ei"!teen als#,

and @rinla Gats# at ab#ut t!e same a"e+ T!e (ir(umstan(es are su(! t!at it is 6er likel t!at s#me, i)n#t

all, &ere p#is#ned, eit!er b l#al Tibetans )#r bein"

n#t bein" pr#perl mana"eable+$19

T!r#ne a&aitin" Dalai Lama's return+ 4ummerresiden(e #) 13t! Dalai Lama, Ne(!un", Tibet+

T!ubten Gats#, t!e 13t! Dalai Lama, assumed rulin" p#&er )r#m t!e m#nasteries, &!i(! pre6i#usl !ad "reat in)luen(e #n

t!e Qe"ent, durin" 1?95+ Due t# !is t peri#ds #) e8ile in 190; K1909, t# es(ape t!e *ritis! in6asi#n #) 190;, and )r#m

1910K1912 t# es(ape a

Dalai Lama t# be(#me a&are #) t!e imp#rtan(e #) )#rei"n relati#ns+ )ter !is return )r#m e8ile in ndia and 4ikkim durin"

Oanuar 1913, !e assumed (#ntr#l #) )#rei"n relati#ns and dealt dire(tl &it! t!e a!ara>a and t!e *ritis! J#liti(al #))i(er

in4ikkim and t!e kin" #) Nepal rat!er t!an lettin" t!e @as!a" #rparliament d# it+20

T!ubten Gats# issued a De(larati#n #) ndependen(e )#r !is kin"d#m in

up an independent p#li(e )#r(e, t!e ab#lis!ment #) t!e

deat! penalt, e8tensi#n #) se(ular edu(ati#n, and t!e pr#6isi#n #) ele(tri(it t!r#u"!#ut t!e (it #) L!asa in t!e 1920s+22T!ubten Gats# died in 1933+

T!e 1;t! Dalai Lama &as n#t )#rmall ent!r#ned until 1: N#6ember 1950, durin" t!e Je#ple's Qepubli( #)

in6asi#n #) t!e kin"d#m+ n 1951, !e and t!e Tibetan "#6ernment )#rmall a((epted t!e 4e6enteen J#int "reement

b &!i(! Tibet &as )#rmall in(#rp#rated int# t!e Je#ple's Qepubli( #)

i) t!is strate" d#es n#t rk+2


9/21

Dalai Lama

J#tala Jala(e

Residence

4tartin" &it! t!e 5t! Dalai Lama and until t!e 1;t! Dalai Lama's )li"!t

int# e8ile durin" 1959, t!e Dalai Lamas spent t!e &inter at t!e J#tala

Jala(e and t!e summer at t!e N#rbulin"ka pala(e and park+ *#t! are in

L!asa and appr#8imatel 3 km apart+

#ll#&in" t!e )ailed 1959 Tibetan uprisin", t!e 1;t! Dalai Lama s#u"!t

re)u"e in ndia+ T!e t!en ndian Jrime inister, Oa&a!arlal Ne!ru,

all#&ed in t!e Dalai Lama and !is (#terie #) Tibetan "#6ernment

#))i(ials+ T!e Dalai Lama !as sin(e li6ed in e8ile in D!aramsala, in t!e

state #) ima(!al Jrades! in n#rt!ern ndia, &!ere t!e


10/21

(#ndu(ted+ Traditi#nall it !as been

t!e resp#nsibilit #) t!e i"! Lamas

#) t!e Gelu"pa Traditi#n and t!e

Tibetan "#6ernment t# )ind !is

rein(arnati#n+ T!e pr#(ess (an take

ar#und t #r t!ree ears t# identi)t!e Dalai Lama, and )#r t!e 1;t!,

TenEin Gats# it &as )#ur ears be)#re

!e &as )#und+ T!e sear(! )#r t!e Dalai

Lama !as usuall been limited

!ist#ri(all t#Tibet, alt!#u"! t!e t!ird

tulku &as b#rn in #n"#lia+ TenEin

Gats#,t!#u"!, !as stated t!at !e &ill

n#t be reb#rn in t!e Je#ple's Qepubli(

#)

else&!ere%&


11/21

Dalai Lama :

Jalden L!am#, t!e )emale "uardian spirit #) t!e

sa(red lake, L!am# LaKts#, &!# pr#mised

Gendun Drup t!e 1st Dalai Lama in #ne #) !is

6isi#ns t!at $s!e uld pr#te(t t!e rein(arnati#n

linea"e #) t!e Dalai Lamas$

T!e i"! Lamas used se6eral &as in &!i(! t!e (an in(rease t!e (!an(es #) )indin" t!e rein(arnati#n+ i"! Lamas

#)ten 6isit t!e !#l lake, (alled L!am# LaKts#, in (entral Tibet and &at(! )#r a si"n )r#m t!e lake itsel)+ T!is ma be

eit!er a 6isi#n #r s#me indi(ati#n #) t!e dire(ti#n in &!i(! t# sear(! and t!is &as !#& TenEin Gats# &as )#und+ t is

said t!at Jalden L!am#, t!e )emale "uardian spirit #) t!e sa(red lake, L!am# LaKts#, pr#mised Gendun Drup, t!e 1st

Dalai Lamain #ne #) !is 6isi#ns $t!at s!e uld pr#te(t t!e rein(arnati#n linea"e#) t!e Dalai Lamas+$ 6er sin(e t!e

time #) Gendun Gats#, t!e 2nd Dalai Lama, &!# )#rmalised t!e sstem, t!e Qe"ents and #t!er m#nks !a6e "#ne t#

t!e lake t# seek "uidan(e #n (!##sin" t!e ne8t rein(arnati#n t!r#u"! 6isi#ns &!ile meditatin" t!ere+ 29

T!e parti(ular )#rm #) Jalden L!am# at L!am# LaKts# is Gelm# aks#rma, $T!e Bi(t#ri#us -ne &!# Turns *a(k

nemies$+ T!e lake is s#metimes re)erred t# as $Jelden L!am# @alide6a$, &!i(! indi(ates t!at Jalden L!am# is anemanati#n #) t!e "#ddess @ali, t!e s!akti #)t!e indu G#d S!i6a+30

L!am# Lats# +++ is a brilliant aEure >e&el set in a rin" #) "re m#untains+ T!e ele6ati#n and t!e surr#undin"

peaks (#mbine t#"i6e it a !i"!l (!an"eable (limate, and t!e (#ntinu#us passa"e

#) (l#ud and &ind (reates a (#nstantl m#6in" pattern #n t!e sur)a(e #) t!e &aters+ -n t!at sur)a(e 6isi#ns

appear t# t!#se &!# seek t!em in t!e ri"!t )rame #) mind+31

t &as !ere t!at durin" 1935, t!e Qe"ent, Qetin" Qinp#(!e, re(ei6ed a (lear 6isi#n #) t!ree Tibetan letters and #) a

m#naster &it! a >adeK"reen and "#ld r##), and a !#use &it! tur=u#ise r##) tiles, &!i(! led t# t!e dis(#6er #)

TenEin Gats#, t!e present 1;t! Dalai Lama+32 33 3;

i"! Lamas ma als# !a6e a 6isi#n b a dream #r i) t!e Dalai Lama &as (remated, t!e &ill #)ten m#nit#r t!e

dire(ti#n #) t!e sm#ke as an indi(ati#n #) t!e dire(ti#n #) t!e rebirt!+ 2?

-n(e t!e i"! Lamas !a6e )#und t!e !#me and t!e b# t!e belie6e t# be t!e rein(arnati#n, t!e b# under"#es a

series #) tests t# a))irm t!e rebirt!+ T!e present a number #) arte)a(ts, #nl s#me #) &!i(! bel#n"ed t# t!e


12/21

pre6i#usDalai Lama, and i) t!e b# (!##ses t!e items &!i(! bel#n"ed t# t!e pre6i#us Dalai Lama, t!is is seen

as a si"n, in (#n>un(ti#n &it! all #) t!e #t!er indi(ati#ns, t!at t!e b# is t!e rein(arnati#n+

) t!ere is #nl #ne b# )#und, t!e i"! Lamas &ill in6ite Li6in" *udd!as #) t!e t!ree "reat m#nasteries t#"et!er

&it! se(ular (ler" and m#nk #))i(ials, t# (#n)irm t!eir )indin"s and &ill t!en rep#rt t# t!e


13/21

Dalai Lama ?

List of Dalai Lamas

T!ere !a6e been 1; re(#"nised rein(arnati#ns #) t!e Dalai LamaC

!ame Pictur

e

Lifespan

Recognised

"nthronement

Tibetan#Wylie Tibetan

pinyin#Chines

e

$lterna

ti%e

spelling

1 GendunDrup

13911;:;

N/ 3

GdFn

11:1?2

11? 122

L#bsan"Ga(#

t ro

L#bEan"Gats#

Tsan"an"Gats#

1?31:0

1?? 19:


14/21

Dalai Lama 9

1;

TenEinGats#

b#rn1935

193:

1950.(urrentline8ile

DainEinGa(#

TenEin"Gats

T!ere !as als# been #ne n#nre(#"nised Dalai Lama, N"a&an" %es!e Gats#, de(lared 2? Oune 1:0:, &!en !e &as 25

ears #ld, b L!aKbEan" @!an as t!e $true$ t! Dalai Lama !#&e6er, !e &as ne6er a((epted as su(! b t!e

ma>#rit #) t!e p#pulati#n+1 3: 3?

&uture of the position

T!e 1;t! Dalai Lama, TenEin Gats# in 200:T!e main tea(!in" r##m #) t!e Dalai Lama in

D!aramsala, ndia

$n t!e midK19:0s TenEin Gats#, T!e #urteent! Dalai Lama, t#ld a J#lis! ne&spaper t!at !e t!#u"!t !e uld

be t!e last Dalai Lama+ n a later inter6ie& publis!ed in t!e n"lis! lan"ua"e press !e stated $T!e Dalai Lama

#))i(e &as an instituti#n (reated t# bene)it #t!ers+ t is p#ssible t!at it &ill s##n !a6e #utli6ed its use)ulness+$ 391

T!ese statements (aused a )ur#r am#n"st Tibetans in ndia+ an (#uld n#t belie6e t!at su(! an #pti#n (#uld


15/21

e6en be (#nsidered+ t &as )urt!er )elt t!at it &as n#t t!e Dalai Lama's de(isi#n t# rein(arnate+ Qat!er, t!e )elt

t!atsin(e t!e Dalai Lama is a nati#nal instituti#n it &as up t# t!e pe#ple #) Tibet t# de(ide &!et!er #r n#t .si(/

t!e DalaiLama s!#uld rein(arnate+$;01

T!e "#6ernment #) t!e Je#ple's Qepubli( #)

rein(arnati#ns in Tibet,based #n a pre(edent set b t!e Iianl#n" mper#r #) t!e Iin" Dnast+ T!e Iianl#n"

mper#r instituted a sstem #) sele(tin" t!e Dalai Lama and t!e Jan(!en Lama b a l#tter t!at used a "#lden urn &it!

names &rapped in (lumps #) barle+ T!is met!#d &as used a )e& times )#r b#t! p#siti#ns durin" t!e 19t! (entur, but

e6entuall )ellint# disuse+ n 1995, t!e Dalai Lama (!#se t# pr#(eed &it! t!e sele(ti#n #) t!e 11t! rein(arnati#n #) t!e

Jan(!en Lama &it!#ut t!e use #) t!e G#lden Rrn, &!ile t!e

#u(an't p#liti(all imp#se t!ese t!in"s #n pe#ple,$ said Aan"di+ $t !as t# be a de(isi#n #) t!e )#ll#&ers #) t!at

traditi#n+ T!e

t!e (an't keep t!eir Jan(!en Lama in Tibet+ T!e tried t# brin" !im t# !is m#naster man times but pe#ple

uldn#t see !im+ #& (an #u !a6e a reli"i#us leader like t!atU$;1


16/21

Dalai Lama 10

T!e Dalai Lama said as earl as 199 t!at it &as )#r t!e Tibetans t# de(ide &!et!er t!e instituti#n #) t!e Dalai Lama

$s!#uld (#ntinue #r n#t$+ ;2e !as "i6en re)eren(e t# a p#ssible 6#te #((urrin" in t!e )uture )#r all Tibetan

*udd!ists t# de(ide &!et!er t!e &is! t# re(#"niEe !is rebirt!+ ;3n resp#nse t# t!e p#ssibilit t!at t!e JQit )b, O#nel, O#sep! 4#lis in ustralia, O#s!ua ssa(, O#ssi, O#6*la(k!eart, Op#ple, Oredm#nd, Or#(kle, Orssr5, OuOube, Oulesd, Oumbu(k, OustO#e, O6bis!#p, @anklesarese8, @an#nkas, @anterm, @atima&an2005, @aau, @eL#peE N, @elli531, @er#tan, @e6in A+, @!:, @!#ik!#i, @illi#ndude, @in"turtle, @n#l2010, @n#&led"e-)4el), @#a6), @#n, @r!er#ld, @ubi"ula, @ukini, @urk!, @us!al #ne, @&amika"ami, @le sb, L @ensin"t#n, L-L, LamaDD, Lan")eldt, Latebird, Latka, Lbeaum#nt, Le(t#nar, Lee, Le"atissim#, Le#6iEEa, Lesseard6anR, Letat(estm#i9;, Let!e, Li"!tm#use, Lilelpa, Lima, Linnat, Li6e)astdie#ld, Li8ue=ia#0;0?, L#k:::, Lr#bb95, Lu(kas *lade, Lulu #) t!e L#tusKaters, Lupin, Lupin#id, Lu6is;e6er, L8#e,LsanEia, +t!#rian, L19:, QKe1, aterials(ientist, at!

4!anta6ira, 4!el)4ke&ed, 4!ii, 4!inK(!an01, 4!iE!a#, 4it!ean, 4kipperp" LicenseC Jubli( D#main/ontributorsC -ri"inal upl#ader &as *l#)eld #) 4Jp"LicenseC Jubli( D#main /ontributorsC ni"e

#)Nepal, an astr#n#mer, en"ineer, painter, and (#n)idant #) @ublai @!an

&ile,1ushi 0han &resco.pgSourceC!ttpC//en+&ikipedia+#r"/&/inde8+p!pUtitleVileCGus!iX@!anXres(#+>p" LicenseC Jubli( D#main /ontributorsC upl#aded b deCRserC@ellerassel WenCRserC*uEa6a

&ile,Throne a2aiting Dalai Lama3s return4 Summer residence !echung4 55647P1SourceC!ttpC//en+&ikipedia+#r"/&/inde8+p!pUtitleVileCT!r#neXa&aitin"XDalaiXLama'sXreturn+X4ummerXresiden(eXNe(!un"+X1993+OJG LicenseC GNR ree D#(umentati#n Li(ense /ontributorsCenCRserCO#!n ill

&ile,Potala.pgSourceC!ttpC//en+&ikipedia+#r"/&/inde8+p!pUtitleVileCJ#tala+>p"LicenseC p" LicenseC GNR ree D#(umentati#n Li(ense /ontributorsC -ri"inal upl#ader &as Tibetn)#pa"e at de+&ikipedia

&ile,PaldenLhamo .pgSourceC!ttpC//en+&ikipedia+#r"/&/inde8+p!pUtitleVileCJaldenL!am#+>p"LicenseC Jubli( D#main/ontributorsC Dr+ *l#)eld, 1 an#nm#us edits

&ile,stDalaiLama.pg SourceC!ttpC//en+&ikipedia+#r"/&/inde8+p!pUtitleVileC1stDalaiLama+>p" LicenseC GNR ree D#(umentati#n Li(ense/ontributorsC&&&+dalailama+(#m

&ile,8Dalai.pgSourceC!ttpC//en+&ikipedia+#r"/&/inde8+p!pUtitleVileC2Dalai+>p"LicenseC Jubli( D#main/ontributorsC -ri"inal upl#ader &as ram33 at en+&ikipedia

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&ile,!ga2angLo:ang1yatso .pgSourceC!ttpC//en+&ikipedia+#r"/&/inde8+p!pUtitleVileCN"a&an"L#Ean"Gats#+>p" LicenseC Jubli( D#main /ontributorsC -ri"inal upl#ader &as *l#)eld #)4Jp"LicenseC Jubli( D#main/ontributorsC!ttpC//&&&+t!dl+#r"

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le=File:2Dalai.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:4DalaiLama.jpghttp://www.diedalailamas.ch/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NgawangLozangGyatso.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:6DalaiLama.jpghttp://www.geocities.com/Athens/Ithaca/4886http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:7DalaiLama.jpghttp://www.thdl.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:8thDalaiLama.jpghttp://www.dalailama.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:9thDalaiLama.jpghttp://www.dalailama.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:10thDalaiLama.jpghttp://www.dalailama.com/


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