ONLINE COMPUTER SHOPPING SYSTEM USING

AHP METHOD

MOHAMED FARIKH BIN SAAD

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

(SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT)

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN

2017

ONLINE COMPUTER SHOPPING SYSTEM

USING AHP METHOD

MOHAMED FARIKH BIN SAAD

Bachelor of Computer Science (Software Development)

Faculty of Informatics and Computing

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia

MAY2017

i

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this report is based on my original work except for quotations and

citations, which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been

previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Universiti Sultan Zainal

Abidin or other institutions.

____________________________________

Name : MOHAMED FARIKH BIN SAAD

Date : 12 MAY 2017

ii

CONFIRMATION

This is to confirm that:

The research conducted and the writing of this report was under my supervison.

________________________________

Name : Puan Rohana binti Ismail.

Date : ..................................................

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful Alhamdulillah,

all praises to Allah for the strengths and His blessing in completing this thesis. Special

appreciation goes to my supervisor, Puan Rohana binti Ismail, for her supervision and

constant support. Her invaluable help of constructive comments and suggestions

throughout this project have contributed to the success of this research.

Sincere thanks to all my friends especially Izzat Azfar, Afirul Afzareeza, Amirul

Adib, Qhairul Addlanshah, Adi Muizzuddin, Izzudin and others for their kindness and

moral support during my study. Thanks for giving me the guidance and tips for this this.

Thank you so much for the friendship and memories.

Last but not least, my deepest gratitude goes to my beloved parents; Mr. Saad

bin Md Idris and Mrs. Khairon binti Hussin and also to my siblings for their endless

love, prayers, constant money flow and encouragement. To those who indirectly

contributed in this research, your kindness means a lot to me. Thank you very much.

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ABSTRACT

Online Computer Shopping System (OCSS) is a system that focus selling

computer hardware and software via online to everyone that can buy computer item.

The problem user face in using online shopping is they want to buy products but

don’t know which item is the best and match with their choice. Recently, there are

many products used same name for brand and type. It may confuse and difficult to

user to choose the product based on their need plus it takes time to choose the

product exactly with their need. The main objective of system is made to develop

the system that help user find the item that they need and decide the result of the

best item match with their specification. This system will use Analytic Hierarchy

Process (AHP) method to calculate and give the decisions for the best item as a

result for the user.

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ABSTRACT

Online Computer Shopping System (OCSS) ialah sebuah system yang

memokuskan kepada penjualan penkakasan dan perisian computer secara talina

untuk semua orang membeli barang komuter tersebut. Masalah yang pengguna

hadapi ketuka menggunakan system membeli-belah secara taliab ialah para

pengguna membeli barangan tetapi tidak tahu manakah yang terbaik dan sepadan

dengan citarasa mereka. Sejak kebelakangan ini, terdapat banyak produk

menggunakan nama barang, jenama dan jenis barang yang sama.Ia akan

mengelirukan dan menyukarkan para pengguna untuk memilih barangan mengikut

kehendak mereka tambahan pula mengambil masa yang lama untuk mencari barang

tersebut tepat dengan kehendak mereka. Objektif utama system ini dicipta ialah

untuk membantu para pengguna mencari barang yang mereka mahukan dan

menentukan keputusan barangan yang sepadan dengan spesifikasi yang mereka

tetapkan. Sistem ini akan menggunakan kaedah Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

untuk mengira seterusnya memberi keputusan barang terbaik sebagai hasil untuk

pengguna.

vi

CONTENTS

PAGE

DECLARATION i

CONFIRMATION ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii

ABSTRACT iv

ABSTRAK v

CONTENTS vi

LIST OF TABLES vi

LIST OF FIGURES ix

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS x

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Problem statement 3

1.3 Objectives 5

1.4

1.5

Scopes

Planning Schedule

5

6

1.6 Report Organization 7

1.6 Expectation Results 7

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 8

2.2 Research/Technique/Model 8

2.3 Summary of Research 14

2.4 Chapter Summary 14

vii

CHAPTER III

PROJECT METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction 15

3.2 Development System Methodology 16

3.2.1 Initial Planning Phase 16

3.2.2 Planning Phase

3.2.3 Requirement Phase

3.2.4 Analysis and Design Phase

3.2.5 Implementation Phase

3.2.6 Testing Phase

3.2.7 Evaluation Phase

3.2.8 Deployment Phase

16

16

17

17

17

18

18

18

18

3.3 System Requirement. 19

3.3.1 Software Requirement 19

3.3.2 Hardware Requirement

Chapter Summary

20

20

CHAPTER IV

4.1

4.2

PROJECT DESIGN AND MODELLING

Introduction

System Design

21

21

22

4.2.1 Framework Design 22

4.2.2 Context Diagram (CD) 23

4.2.3 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 24

4.2.4 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0 25

viii

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION

5.1 Introduction 26

5.2 Obstacle/ Problem 26

5.3 Future Work 26

5.4 Summary 27

REFERENCES 28

ix

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

1 The table of comparison online shopping platform 9

2 The result RI values 12

3 Local and Global Weights with Ranking of all parameters 13

x

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

1 The formula of AHP used through the research 10

2 The result of each individual by the factor weight matrix using

Expert Choice software

11

3 The result of compares weight for online shopping platforms 11

4 The formula of consistency index (CI) 12

5 Iterative Development Model 16

6 Framework of OCSS 22

7 CD of OCSS 23

8 ERD of OCSS 24

9 Unified Modelling Language of OCSS 24

10 Data Flow Diagram Level 0 of OCSS 25

xi

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS / TERMS / SYMBOLS

OCSS Online Computer Shopping System

AHP Analytic Hierarchy Process

UniSZA Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

CD Context Diagram

DFD Data Flow Diagram

ERD Entity Relationship Diagram

FYP Final year project

FIK Fakulti Informatik dan Komputeran

1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Since the beginning of the 2000AD, many technology have been created for all the

people around the world. Most of the lifetime need to use the technology like computer to do

daily task. From teenagers to adult, the computer is consider the must item they have today. Of

course, this helps people to easier their work like booking the flight ticket, finding the location

via GPS etc. Among the function that might everyone by using the computer no matter whether

it is laptop, PC or even smart phone, there is one function that frequently being used. The

function that everyone always use is online shopping. Online shopping is again a blessing of

technology especially for those, who don’t have time for shopping due to busy with work. Now

you can sit or relax at your home and order anything useful product or services delivered direct

to your doorstep.

2

Technology also cause many introduction e-payment systems that used like Paypal.com

and Square Wallet App which mostly associated with online shopping. With this e-payment

systems, users can easily purchase anything online without living the comfort of their homes.

However, in this project it focused more to online shopping system rather than e-payment

system. Hence, for final year project Bachelor in Computer Science (Software Development)

the developer decided to propose Online Computer Shopping System (OCSS). The method that

using in this system is Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this system, items will be

classified into several categories. Categories are determined based on the same features on the

item, for example, the Dell, Sony and Lenovo in the brand category. This system focus to make

decision for the user choosing best product. In addition, the AHP incorporates a useful

technique for checking the consistency of the decision maker’s evaluations, thus reducing the

bias in the decision making process.

3

1.2 Problem Statement

I. How customers can use the system to find the need?

Since the user (customer) is using the Online Computer Shopping System to buy

the item, of course they need to know how to use it. Today’s distracted

consumers, bombarded with information and options, often struggle to find the

products or services that will best meet their needs. The shorthanded and often

poorly informed floor staff at many retailing sites can’t begin to replicate the

personal touch that shoppers once depended on—and consumers are still largely

on their own when they shop online.

II. How AHP work in the system and may assist the customers in using the system?

The AHP considers a set of evaluation criteria, and a set of alternative options

among which the best decision is to be made. It is important to note that,

since some of the criteria could be contrasting, it is not true in general that

the best option is the one which optimizes each single criterion, rather the

one which achieves the most suitable trade-off among the different criteria.

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III. How to categorize the item based on the specification? It is difficult to user to

choose the item based on their need but same suggestions?

Each item has its own specification and description which may differ with

other item even both item are look same, physically. For example, there are 2

laptops that sold may have same processor unit, same amount of ram, same

hard drive capacity and same price, but different brands. So it can be

compared by user to decide which laptop is the best one to buy by including

the category. The AHP method can be used to the category included inside

the system. This is because AHP generates a weight for each evaluation

criterion according to the decision maker’s pairwise comparisons of the

criteria. The higher the weight, the more important the corresponding

criterion. Next, for a fixed criterion, the AHP assigns a score to each option

according to the decision maker’s pairwise comparisons of the options based

on that criterion.

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1.3 Objective

The objective for developing this system is listed as below:-

I. To design the system called the OCSS and inserting the main system

functionality (AHP).

II. To develop the system that help customer find the item that they

need.

III. To test the system based on the method used and able to function

without problem.

1.4 Scope

The scope for this system is explained on the following given:

I. The user for this system can be either customer or seller. The user

need to authorize by inserting username and password to proceed

the usage of the system.

II. This system is develop at Informatics and Computing Faculty in

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA).

III. Only computer item like PC, laptop, hardware and software

implement as a main item to be sell in the system.

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1.5 Planning Schedule

The planning schedule describes the key activities and timescales involve in implementing

this project. Tasks performed in fourteen weeks and are divided into four phases:

I. Phase One (I): Initiation implemented. Activities undertaken in

the first phase are discussion and selection of title implement

in first week and legalization and registration of the title that

implement in second week.

II. Phase Two (II): Create project proposal in third week and

proposal presentation in fourth week.

III. Phase Three (III): Execution and development. Done in fifth

week up to thirteenth week. Collect the analysis data is the first

task in third phases and implemented in fifth week. The second

task is design interface for the system implemented in two

week starting at sixth week, until the seventh week. And

another task is coding the system. This task is executed in

fourth week. The last task in phases three is testing and

installation executed in two week.

IV. Phase Four (IV): Closure that involve submit report and project

presentation. Detailed project planning that has been

implemented to facilitate system development can be referred

to Appendix A.

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1.6 Report Organization

The report consists of this narrative section of six descriptive chapters plus appendices

of supporting evidence for the project. It is organized systematically to help understanding of

readers. The main body of the report is preceded by detailed contents including lists of figures,

tables and annexes followed by units used in the report. This is followed by details of every

chapter which is describing briefly in every chapter.

I. Chapter 1: introduce readers the explanation about objectives of

developing system, problem statements and scope of system.

II. Chapter 2: Discuss the literature review which has been done before

development of the system as well as study on research papers, articles

and social networking site.

III. Chapter 3: Discuses project methodology that has been used and tools

for developing the system.

IV. Chapter 4: System architecture, design screen and interface.

V. Chapter 5: Implementation and Testing demonstrate the results of

system as well as system testing that has been done.

VI. Chapter 6 (final): Gives the conclusion, contributions of projects,

recommendations and action plans.

1.7 Expectation Result

The following list is the expectation result from developer before begin develop the system:-

I. The system is able to follow the main functionality (AHP).

II. A web based system that provide user the usage of AHP for item

suggestion.

III. The system may successfully test without problem and ready to use by

public in the future.

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CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

This chapter will discuss further about the research and retrieve of other similar system that

have been develop as a guidance and referral. To fulfil the requirement needed from previous chapter,

every system or research document that have similarity in objective will be analyse and to be

compared in order to find any weakness and overcome the problem. In this chapter, it also will explain

the AHP method which will use for this project and how it work.

2.2 Research/ Technique/ Model

As we know, there are lots of online shopping exists nowadays use worldwide. The most

popular online shopping that we always heard is Lazada, Lelong, Ebay, Amazon, Aliexpress, etc. The

main reason why this online shopping become popular and being used by everyone in everyday is it is

easy to compare prices and reviews of the items. They go online to make comparisons between the

various places that they can potentially buy from. Going from one physical store to the next can be a

tiring process. Jumping from one brand to the next via the internet is easy and painless. The main

potential that might prove the statement before is most of the article that have been published before

have relate the system with Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this section, there are include the

few example of article and research about AHP and the system that using AHP.

9

The first article is made by Chang-Hsien Hsu, Chun-Ming Yang, Tsang-Chiang Chen and Chi-

Yuan Chen in 2010 and the title is Applying AHP method select online. This article is explained about Applying Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is to find the best online shopping platform to

begin e-commerce. Traditional retail market that happen in Taiwan which is their location for research

is usually the purchase store that is to buy food and daily necessities place of the Taiwan people. They

have made the comparison of some online shopping platform that being used at that time using AHP.

Table 1: The table of comparison online shopping platform

From figure 1 above, we can that Yahoo Super Mall gained the highest ranking on the

comparison in every category which it shows high shop fee, high annual fee, high

transactional costs, high shop constraints and high security. Of course, this result is produced

with AHP method. It aims at quantifying relative priorities for a given set of alternatives on a

ratio scale, basing on the judgment of the decision-maker, and stressing the importance of

the intuitive judgments of a decision-maker as well as the consistency of the comparison of

alternatives in the decision-making process.

1. Construct a hierarchy structure of the factors;

2. The pair-wise comparisons are done in terms of which element dominates the

other through decision-makers and experts;

3. Calculate the best result after propose recommendations. There’s also inserted the

formula for the AHP below with some explanation for each equation.

10

Figure 1: The formula of AHP used through the research

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From the research above, the researcher made the conclusion that AHP implementation and

evaluation steps can be simplified by using the “Expert Choice”. The result selected one of the

best online shopping platform-ihergo for the traditional market retailer in this case.

Figure 2: The result of each individual by the factor weight matrix using

Expert Choice software

Figure 3: The result of compares weight for online shopping platforms

12

The second article is made by Dr. Monika Arora and Anchal Gupta last year (2016) and

the title is “Selection of Parameters of Ecommerce Websites Using AHP”. Although the title is quite similar with first article, however this article is discuss more about selecting the parameters in

Ecommerce Websites. The aim of this research is to find out the key factors that affect the E-

commerce business. The selection of appropriate ecommerce website depends on various parameters

including past experience and learnings with the portal. The outlook or appearance of the website,

overall operations starting from order processing till dispatching of order and entire performance of

ecommerce companies makes impact on final selection for repeated purchases of consumer. The e-

commerce sites need to evaluate their services for their survival and growth and will help in better

future prospects by retaining customers for long term.

Inside the article, they have given the guidance to calibrate the numeric scale for the

measurement of quantitative as well as qualitative performances. The key and basic steps involved

is:-

1. State the problem.

2. Broaden the objectives of the problem or consider all actors, objectives and its outcome.

3. Identify the criteria that influence the behaviour.

4. Structure the problem in a hierarchy of different levels constituting goal, criteria, sub-

criteria and alternatives.

5. Compare each element in the corresponding level and calibrate them on the numerical

scale. This requires n(n -1)/2 comparisons, where n is the number of elements with the

considerations that diagonal elements are equal or ‘1’ and the other elements will simply be

the reciprocals of the earlier comparisons.

6. Perform calculations to find the maximum Eigen value, consistency index CI, consistency

ratio CR, and normalized values for each criteria/alternative.

Figure 4: The formula of consistency index (CI)

The formula above shows where λmax is the maximum eigenvalue of the judgement matrix.

This CI can be compared with that of a random matrix, RI. The ratio derived, CI/RI, is termed

the consistency ratio, CR. Saaty suggests the value of CR should be less than 0.1.

Table 2: The result RI values

7. If the maximum Eigen value, CI, and CR are satisfactory then decision is taken based on the

normalized values; else the procedure is repeated till these values lie in a desired range.

13

Inside the article shows many results of the ranking of parameters that can pick for users consider

while selecting e-commerce website for shopping. One of the results is Local and Global Weights

with Ranking of all parameters.

Table 3: Local and Global Weights with Ranking of all parameters.

The conclusion of second article state by researcher is by using AHP, the local and

global weights for all parameters are calculated. Based on the results, Operations is found to

be most important category among all. Product assurance is found to be most important

parameter considered while selecting e-commerce website. Pricing is second important

criteria desired by users. Then users also give importance to return policy and content

quality as well. The study is very useful for decision makers to plan and design their websites

as per the ranking shown in results. This study can be extended by considering more

categories and parameters.

Both article use AHP as the method for their research, coincidently my proposed project is

similar with their system. Hence, AHP will be the best method for my system to assist calculate and

decide the ranking of the category for the user to buy the item.

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2.3 Summary of Research

Author (Year) Title Objective Problem Algorithm

Chang-Hsien Hsu, Chun-Ming Yang, Tsang-Chiang Chen, Chi-Yuan Chen (2010)

Applying AHP method select online shopping platform

To find the best online shopping platform to begin e-commerce

Consumers lifestyle change, the fresh supermarkets and e-commerce development, there are to cause loss the customers Of traditional markets.

AHP

Monika Arora, Anchal Gupta (2016)

Selection of Parameters of E-commerce Websites Using AHP

To set up an E-commerce evaluation criteria system for online shopping. To determine the opportunities of better selection of e-commerce website based on parameters for future.

Supply chain management and poor infrastructure are huge obstacles which creates difficulties for key players of e-commerce.

AHP

2.4 Chapter Summary

In this chapter, from what have been explained in the above page, there are many similarity

between previous researches with this project. The similarity is this research focused on

application for online business and the formula/method use in the application which use AHP

for dealing with complex decision making, and may aid the decision maker to set priorities

and make the best decision. Though the difference of this project with previous researches is

this project is focusing to make new online shopping system instead of using existing online

shopping and analyse the usage of it. Hopefully this chapter would provide an overview

regarding the concept of the system, based on the study that has been made it show that

literature review is one of the important part in research or study of new idea since by making

the literature review we could know whether the idea has been study or not. Literature

review important to ensure that there is no repeated study on the same topic that has been

done before. Furthermore, after through it student will have better understanding of what

exactly the technique is all about and the significant towards the system.

15

CHAPTER 3

PROJECT METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

This chapter will explained details about methodology being used in software development.

The project methodology should be organized in a scientific investigation to solve problems,

hunting for facts or truth about the subject to make sure this project complete and working

well. It is an important step of development since it will guide researcher through software

development. In order to plan a good project, it should start with better understanding on

user requirement. The nature of the problem is studied and related idea of knowledge is

identified. In this case, problems on how AHP techniques might be used to improve student

performance are identified. Research papers about related works are collected and system

which is quite similar is reviewed to understand on how others have approach or dealt with

problems. Next, data is analysed and organized in a manner way to be presented in

development process. After system has been completely developed, it should be tested for

make sure it achieves the objectives of the project.

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3.2 Development System Methodology

An iterative life cycle model is the most suitable model because this model allow us to

track the defects at early stages. This avoids the downward flow of the defects. From this

model also we can get the reliable user feedback. When presenting sketches and blueprints

of the system to users for their feedback, we are effectively asking them to imagine how the

product will work. Figure 7 explained about the steps in this model. Eight stages are involved

which are Initial Planning, Planning, Requirements, Analysis and Design, Implementation,

Evaluation, Testing and the last one Deployment.

Figure 5: Iterative Development Model

3.2.1 Initial Planning Phase

During this phase, all the activities were planned according to a given period to

complete this system, starting with discussion the ideas with supervisor and proposed the

title of the project. From the discussion, I decided to choose a title ‘Online Computer

Shopping System’.

http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-are-the-software-development-models/

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3.2.2 Planning Phase

After deciding the projects title, the discussion was continued on defining the

problem statements, objectives, gantt chart and the scope of this system. In order to get the

idea, the study about problem and define scope and limitation of works on the existing

system has been done. As a result, we discover the most critical process is deciding the best

item for customer.

3.2.3 Requirement Phase

During this phase, the user and system requirement were identified in order to

develop a complete system. Based on the research on the internet and system project from

previous student there were some requirement that needs to be improved, such as online

form for seller to insert item information including the picture of the item as review for the

customers.

3.2.4 Analysis and Design Phase

In this phase, the designing of Context Diagram (CD), Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), Data

Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0 Level 1 was identified. In the ERD design, the entities was identify

involved in this system and the DFD process shows the flow for each process that involved

in proposed system.

18

3.2.5 Implementation Phase

During this phase, the process of writing coding begins. Each module or process

written in PHP language and for design the interface Adobe Dreamweaver will be use. This

phase also known as a code generation phase.

3.2.6 Testing Phase

Each module is tested by insert inputs into system to check either the result is

correct or not in order to check error before release to the end user. The unit testing was

applied on each module in the system such as login module, item module, and user module.

Each error that they found in this system can be recovered since this methodology allowed

to make changing in the system. This phase is very important before release to the end user.

3.2.7 Evaluation Phase

During this phase, the overall module is presented. The system was evaluated

before deploying it to the end-users.

3.2.8 Deployment Phase

In this phase, the system was released to end-users. System will be managed

and identified which is working or not like the way we want and thus achieve the objective.

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3.3 System requirement

System requirement is a list of hardware and software required and being used for

develop the system. Without those requirements, system may malfunction and does not

work properly.

3.3.1 Software requirements

i. Windows 10 Professional

- Operating system which is used to develop the system.

ii. Notepad++ and Adobe Dreamweaver

- Software for coding and web development. System is

coded using PHP as programming language.

iii. XAMPP

- A mini server which includes Apache, MySQL

(phpMyAdmin), FireZilla, Mercury and Tomcat.

iv. Adobe Photoshop CS3

- Software for editing image for the system.

v. Windows Snipping Tool

- Software to capture screenshots of the

system.

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3.3.2 Hardware requirements

i. Lenovo Ideapad Z480

- Laptop used to develop the system which has these

specifications: Intel® Core™ i7-3632QM Processor (6M

Cache, up to 3.20 GHz, 16GB DDR3 RAM)

ii. External Hard Drive Apacer

- External storage used to store final year project data for

backup.

iii. Printer

- To print document.

Chapter Summary

This chapter discusses methodology for system development, hardware and software

required to develop the system. Every phase in development follows the project methodology

that mention in this chapter. System requirement such as software and hardware required for

developing system is briefly explained.

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CHAPTER 4

PROJECT DESIGN AND MODELLING

4.1 Introduction

The design model builds on the analysis model by describing, in greater detail, the

structure of the system and how the system will be implemented. Classes that were identified

in the analysis model are refined to include the implementation constructs. The design model

is based on the analysis and architectural requirements of the system. It represents the

application components and determines their appropriate placement and use within the overall

architecture. In this chapter, the way the system functioning is drawn so as to avoid any

problems arise, but also to show how the system will be developed during the development

phase. It is intended to support the methodology that has been discussed in previous chapters.

22

4.2 System Design

4.2.1 Framework Design

Figure 8 below shows that framework, student first will enter the SYSTEM by

login Customer Account into the system or Register for the new Customer. Customer

can do Order detail with finding the item that they want, choose and do the payment

detail for purchasing. AHP is used in the Order detail for customer during choosing the

best item to buy. Customer also can enter the system for view the rating of the system.

The rating is generated based on previous user using the system and give rating to the

system.

Figure 6: Framework of OCSS

Customer

AHP ALGORITHM

Login

Register

OCSS (User

Interface)

System generate average mark

System generate hierachy and calculation

System generate rating and result

View rating of OCSS OCSS (User Interface)

Login

Customer

Search

23

4.2.2 Context Diagram (CD)

There are 2 main users involved in this system which are CUSTOMER and

SELLER. The context diagram will explain the main function for CUSTOMER and SELLER

and what are they are capable to do with their own authorization.

Figure 7: CD of OCSS

The figure 7 above shows that CUSTOMER will enter the Customer Detail after login into the system.

Next, CUSTOMER can search the item that they want to buy and place the order, this process happen

in Order Detail. After making order, they will insert Payment Detail to pay the item for verification that

CUSTOMER have pay the item. Next, the SELLER will enter the Seller Detail after login into the system.

Next, SELLER can manage the item that they want (add new item, update item and delete item) to

allow CUSTOMER buy the item that sell by Seller, this process happen in Item Detail. After receiving

Payment Detail from the system, SELLER will enter the Transaction Detail to prove that they have

received the payment from CUSTOMER.

CUSTOMER

SELLER

0

ONLINE COMPUTER

SHOPPING SYSTEM

Customer Detail

Order Detail

Payment Detail

Customer Detail

Order Detail

Payment Detail

Seller DetailItem Detail

Transaction Detail

Seller Detail

Item Detail

Transaction Detail

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4.2.3 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

The specifications tables that are involved in this system which contain 4

table for the database. Which is CUSTOMER, ORDER, ITEM, and SELLER. CUSTOMER

will apply the order based on item_id, item_name, the description of the item, its

price and the condition of the item. SELLER accept the order and will check on

order_id which involve CUSTOMER and ITEM. Lastly, the ITEM also will be register by

SELLER.

Figure 8: ERD of OCSS

Figure 9: Unified Modelling Language of OCSS

CUSTOMER

customer_id

customer_name

customer_password

email

customer_phone

customer_address

ORDER ITEM

item_id

item_name item_desc

item_price

register

SELLER

email

seller_username

seller_id

seller_phone

seller_address

seller_password

item_id

amount method

customer_id item_id

1 M M 1

1

M

condition

make choose

order_id

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4.2.4 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) Level 0

Figure 10 below shows the Data Flow Diagram for this system. This system need 2

entity which are CUSTOMER and SELLER. The system also have 5 data store which are D1 for

‘USER’ that store data about CUSTOMER and SELLER information, D2 for ‘CUSTOMER’ that

store data about USER information only, D3 for ‘SELLER’ that store data about SELLER

information only, D4 for ‘ITEM’ that store data of the ITEM that will manage fully by SELLER,

D5 for ORDER that store data about ORDER of the item made by CUSTOMER in this system.

Figure 10: Data Flow Diagram Level 0 of OCSS

CUSTOMER

SELLER

2.0

Manage

Customer

D2 CUSTOMER

3.0

Manage Seller

4.0

Manage Item

5.0

Manage Order

D3 SELLER

D4 ITEM

D5 ORDER

Seller Detail

Order Detail

Customer Detail

Seller Detail

Item Detail

Order Detail

Order DetailOrder Detail

Item Detail

Item Detail

Item Detail

1.0

Manage UserD1 USER

User Detail

Seller Detail

Customer Detail

Customer Detail

26

CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION

5.1 Introduction

This chapter includes a discussion about the proposed system, the constraints in the

system, the proposed future expansion of the system and the conclusion.

5.2 Obstacle/ Problem

There are several problems or obstacles those that can make this system will not act

effectively. The possibilities of the prediction results generated are not as true as actually

happened before.

5.3 Future work

For the future work, I would like to give several recommendations for this system that

hopefully someone will upgrade and enhance the implementation of the system. First

suggestion is giving better appearances of the interface inside the system. Other than that, I

hope that this system will be upgraded and will be functional to make decision for customer

to buy the item and hopefully this system can be introduce to Malaysia and worldwide.

27

5.4 Conclusion

As a conclusion of this report, the user for this system is CUSTOMER and SELLER. This

system is focus to make the decision for the best item for CUSTOMER to buy. Decision to

get best item is using AHP Method. This report also included the methodology that used to

develop system which is throw away prototyping. In this report also included the diagrams to

show the flow of system. Hoped that this system will be used by everyone and the objective

to develop the system that help customer find the item that they need will be achieved and

able to release publicly in the future. Finally, also hoped this system will give the benefit to

FIK to release the system made by student from this faculty.

28

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http://cdnpos.com/5-reasons-why-online-shopping-is-so-popular/http://cdnpos.com/5-reasons-why-online-shopping-is-so-popular/http://www.useoftechnology.com/technology-today-tomorrow/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18GWVtVAAzshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkz1RJnoDwg