b06eeNon Verbal -1

8/21/2019 b06eeNon Verbal -1

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NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

The study of behaviors other than wordsthat create shared meaning between people

who are interacting with one another.

Hall,2003

Transmission of meaning through the use of

symbols and signs.


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Forms of Non-Verbal

Communication

Conscious Non- Verbal

Communication

Subconscious Non Verbal

Communication


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PRINCIPLES OF NONVERBAL Universal/Omnipresent

Intentional or Unintentional

Continuous(cannot easily separate into units)

Multi-channeled(all senses)

Instantaneous(immediately perceived)

It is culturally determined- Your own culture hasan impact on the deciphering of NVC. Reflectsculture values.

Contextual-Interpretations are both relative andsubjective

Ambiguous-can be interpreted in many differentways

Regulates Interaction


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Non verbal Communication is Culture-bound

An African-American male goes into a

convenience store recently taken over bynew Korean immigrants. He gives a $20 bill

for his purchase to Mrs Cho who is the

cashier and waits for his change. He is upsetwhen his change is put down on the counter

in front of him.

What is the problem?


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FUNCTIONS OF NON-VERBAL Provide information- Could reflect social status:

Dominance or subordination

Identity management- How we present ourselves ,projectan image, influence others, express power & control

Convey interpersonal attitudes. Primary source ofrelationship cues. Broadcasts our own intentions &feelings, emotions, attitudes & clues us in on others

intentions & feelings, emotions, attitudes. Usage ofNonverbal Cues are a basis for decision-making andinformation processing.

Affective function- Establishing & maintaining

interpersonal relationships. Defines the kind & quality ofrelationship we want with others.

Immediacy-Verbal & Nonverbal are interconnected &operate together. NV qualifies, complements, contradicts,accents or expands verbal. It adds meaning or modifiesverbal.


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Function of Non-verbals

Repeating-Using gestures with words to

illustrate better.

Deceiving- Leakage NV cues that send

signals that a person is deceiving you.

Regulating flow of interactions.


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Body Language

Body Language may be an evidence of your

character, attitude, nature and personality etc.

Thelanguageof the bodyis the key that can

unlock the soul. Improving body language will

make major enhancement in your personal

and official life


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TYPES OF NON VERBAL CODES

KINESICS(Body Movement, Gesture, Posture, Facial

expressions, Eyes) PROXEMICS(Space-Physical Distance, Closeness,

territory markers, spatial arrangement)

PARALANGUAGE(Vocal cues, voice quality, extra

symbolic codes-Tone, pitch, volume, Intonation, rate,pause)

HAPTICS

CHRONEMICS

OCCULESICS

APPEARANCE

ARTIFACTS (objects), ENVIRONMENT (colors,architecture, temperature, etc.)


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HAPTICS-STUDY OF TOUCH Many rules and taboos regulating physical contact

Touch is culturally determined! Basic message oftouch is to affect or control protect, support,disapprove (i.e. hug, kiss, hit, kick). USA handshake is common, hugs, kisses for those of

opposite gender or of family. Most African Americans

touch on greeting but are annoyed if touched on thehead.

Islamic and Hindu: typically dont touch with the lefthand. To do so is a social insult.

Many Asians dont touch the head

Cultures (English , German, Scandinavian,Chinese, Japanese) with high emotional restraintconcepts have little public touch; those whichencourage emotion (Latino, Middle-East, Jewish)

accept frequent touches.


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REASONS WE TOUCH

1. POSITIVE EMOTION- support, appreciation,

inclusion, trust, interest, and affection.2. PLAYFULNESS-Tells the other person not to take them

seriously

3. CONTROL- touch controls another persons behaviors,

attitudes, feelings. Ex:move over,

hurry,

staythere

4.RITUALISTIC- greetings and departures

5. TASK-RELATED- Touch for a task

Ex: removing of a hair on others shirt, checking fore-head for a fever


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CHRONEMICS


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Chronemics

the study of the use of time in nonverbal

communication.The way we perceive time, structure our time and

react to time is a powerful communication tool,and helps set the stage for the communication

process.MONOCHRONIC & POLYCHRONIC PEOPLE

Countries that follow monochronic time performonly one major activity at a time (U.S., England,

Switzerland, Germany). Countries that follow polychronic time work on

several activities simultaneously (Latin America,the Mediterranean, the Arabs).


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Chromatics

Communication of messages through colors

It is a scientific movement which explores thephysical properties of colour and the effect of coloron humans

The connotations colors have may be positive ornegative depending on the culture

In Hong Kong Red is used for happiness or luck andtraditional bridal dress; in Poland brides wear white

In Asia people like colored shampoos, in US shampoos

tend to be light colored


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Oculesics

Study of eye-contact

Avoiding eye contact considered as insecure,untrustworthy

Direct eye contact may be misinterpreted ashostility, aggressiveness

Lowering eyes in China and Indonesia-sign ofrespect. They prefer indirect eye contact,

prolonged eye contact is seen as sign of badmanners


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Olfactics

The study of sense of smell

Someones smell can have a positive or

negative effect on the oral message

Although people of the U.S. respond

negatively to body odors, Arabs are

comfortable with natural body odors.


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Objectives - study of human use of

Clothing & Artifacts

clothing & other artifacts as

nonverbal codes.

NONVERBAL TIPS


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NONVERBAL TIPS

Check context and Culture: Be tentative in interpreting NVC. Don'ttry to interpret cues isolated, from the verbal communication, orfrom the physical or emotional context.

Look for clusters: This is the nonverbal context itself. See if aresistance accompanies the arms being crossed to eye contact and aflat tone of voice.

Consider past experience: We can more accurately interpret thebehavior of people we know. For e.g. Your mother may always hugswhen you come home from school and so you learn that thisrepresents happiness in that particular situation.

Practice perception checking: Recognize that you are interpretingobserved behavior, not reading a mind, and check out yourobservation.

Monitor your NV impressions. They matter to others.


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A competent communicator will:

- Recognise and use different verbal and non-

verbal styles as they are suited to different

social situations

- Recognise the subtle interplay of verbal and

non-verbal elements in communication

- Compensate for possible misinterpretations in

communication with others


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b06eeNon Verbal -1