187© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016B. Zaccaria, The EEC’s Yugoslav Policy in Cold War Europe, 1968–1980, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-57978-2

UNPUBLISHED SOURCES (TRANSLATED BY THE AUTHOR)

ACEU—Archive of the Council of the European Union, Brussels Collection CM2 CEE, CEEA ACS—Archivio Centrale dello Stato, Rome Aldo Moro fi lesPietro Nenni fi les AJ—Arhiv Jugoslavije, Belgrade Kabinet Predsednik Republike AMAE—Archives du Ministère des Affaires Etrangères, Paris Série Europe (Yougoslavie): 1944–1970; 1971–1976; 1976–1980 AMIP—Arhiv Ministarstva za inostrane poslove Republike Srbije, Belgrade Politički Archiv (PA, R) APC—Fondazione Istituto Gramsci, Rome Archivio Partito Comunista ASPR—Archivio Storico della Presidenza della Repubblica, Rome Uffi cio per gli Affari Diplomatici (1955–1992) ECHA—Historical Archives of the European Commission, Brussels CEE/CEEA Commissions – Fonds BACCOREPER Meetings The minutes of the Commission’s weekly meetings Speeches collection

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199© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016B. Zaccaria, The EEC’s Yugoslav Policy in Cold War Europe, 1968–1980, DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-57978-2

INDEX

A Adams, Rudolf , 147 Adriatic Sea , 62, 120–1, 136 Affi nito, Michel , 63n, 110n Afghanistan, Soviet invasion of ,

157–60, 162, 168, 172, 179 Agriculture

beef, Yugoslav exports of , 19, 32, 34, 37, 39, 40–4, 46, 65, 67–8, 70, 73–7, 88, 96, 135, 150, 163, 176

cherries , 163 lobby hostility , 43, 151, 168, 182 slivovitz , 150 tobacco , 19 wine , 19, 135, 149, 163 Yugoslav exports , 19, 23, 25–6,

34–5, 38, 44–6, 56, 58, 71, 74, 77, 139–40, 157, 163, 183

Algeria Front de Libération Nationale , 21 Soviet infl uence , 30, 60 trade negotiations , 27 Western interests , 60

Andov, Stojan , 142, 152, 157, 160 Argentina , 32, 76 Arikan, Harun , 9n Artisien, F. R. Patrick , 3n,

24n, 65n Association Agreements

(Art. 238) , 18, 46, 50, 52, 56, 181–2

Austria, exports , 32 Auswärtiges Amt , 26, 144, 160, 175

B Badalassi, Nicolas , 100n Badel, Laurence , 74n Balkan Pact (1953) , 15 Batović, Ante , 158n Bekić, Darko , 14n Belgium , 7, 17–9, 29, 38, 91, 150 Beloff, Nora , 148 Ben Hamouda, Houda , 42n Bentivoglio, Giulia , 63n Berlinguer, Enrico , 102–3 Berlin Wall , 20, 185

200 INDEX

Bernardini, Giovanni , 102n Bianchini, Stefano , 14n, 149, 184n Bičanić, Rudolf , 147n Biermann, Rafael , 1 Bijedić, Džemal , 75, 81–2, 92–3, 97,

119, 122 Bilandžić, Vladimir , 100n, 133n Bitsch, Marie-Thérèse , 41n Boegner, Jean Marc , 20 Borba , 48 Borut, Klabjan , 28n Bossuat, Gérard , 32n, 41n Botteghe Oscure , 149, 158 Boumedienne, Houari , 60 Brandt, Willy , 26, 40, 62, 69, 77, 137,

148, 173–4 Brezhnev, Leonid , 59, 80, 120–2 Brien, Pierre , 82 Brinkhorst, Laurens Jan , 115 Broders, Michel , 75n Brogi, Alessandro , 31n Brouwer, Jan Willem , 74n, 116n, 129n Brunet, Jean Pierre , 42 Brussels National Airport , 34 Bucarelli, Massimo , 6n, 105n Buckley, Peter J , 3n, 24n, 65n budgetary question , 90–2, 95, 117 Bufalini, Paolo , 149 Burin des Roziers, Étienne , 57, 68 Bussière, Éric , 74n, 89n, 116n, 129n

C Calandri, Elena , 5n, 6n, 14n, 18n,

42n, 61n, 85n, 100n Callaghan, James , 82 capability-expectations gap , 183 Caporale, Charles , 142 Carter, Jimmy , 111–2, 130–1, 133,

160–1, 181 Cartledge, Brian , 105, 119 Case, Holly , 1n, 148n Castro, Fidel , 156

Cattaruzza, Marina , 106n Cavaglieri, Alberto , 167 Cavallaro, Maria Elena , vii, 110n Caviglia, Daniele , 5n, 27n, 42n, 61n,

100n Čavoški, Jovan , 100n Ceausescu, Nicolae , 30 Celozzi Baldelli, Pier Giorgio , 105n Chassaigne, Philippe , 49n Chenard, Marie Julie , vii, 7n, 80–1n,

134n, 141n China (PRC)

Indochina war , 153 relations with EEC , 66, 79, 81, 96,

134, 141 relations with Yugoslavia , 131, 152 and Soviet hegemonism , 132

Christian Science Monitor , 167 Colombo, Emilio , 147 COMECON

association of Yugoslavia , 16, 23 investment bank , 82 relations with the EEC , 52, 54, 80,

96, 118, 134, 141 relations with Yugoslavia , 53, 56,

59, 66, 79, 84, 86, 90, 125, 130

COMINFORM , 14, 107, 121, 131, 152

commercial counsellors , 10, 58, 82, 104, 117, 134, 164, 167

Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) , 23, 32, 38–40

Common Commercial Policy , 5, 18, 33, 44, 46, 57, 55, 71, 146, 177

Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) , 103

Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) , 49, 52, 60, 80, 100–1, 133, 137, 166

Conrad, Yves , 42n Cooper, Richard , 146

INDEX 201

Coppolaro, Lucia , 5n, 7n Cossiga, Francesco , 160 Costa Pinto, Antonio , 18n Craig, Ian , 102n Croatia , 1, 59–61, 104, 136, 144 Croatian Spring , 59, 104 Crosland, Anthony , 119, 175 Cuba

interventions in Africa , 131 pro-Soviet faction of NAM , 102,

121, 130, 153, 155–6, 172 Cuban missile crisis , 20 Cyprus

crisis , 101–2, 107, 109 trade negotiations , 136

Czechoslovakia, Soviet invasion in , 29–30

effect on EEC-Yugoslav relations , 32–8, 45–6, 62, 172

D Dahlmann, Dittmar , 100n, 133n Dahrendorf, Ralf , 51–2, 54, 64, 137,

140 Deakin, William , 148 De Angelis, Emma , 147n Debré, Michel , 38–9 De Castro, Diego , 6n, 20n De Gaulle, Charles , 22, 27, 38, 41–2,

173–4, 177 Deighton, Anne , 32n De Kergorlay, Roland , 75, 77, 94,

113–9, 179 De Leonardis, Massimo , 6n Del Pero, Mario , 9n, 110n De Luca, Daniele , 27n Deniau, Jean-François , 32, 35–7, 39,

137, 140, 177 Denman, Roy , 137–8, 154–6, 161 Denmark

accession of , 48 fi nancial cooperation , 91

Den Xiao Ping , 131 D’Estaing, Valéry Giscard , 77, 124,

174 Deubner, Christian , 6n Dinan, Desmond , 184n Di Nolfo, Ennio , 60n, 101n Djordjević, Dusan J , 1n, 148n Djuranović, Veselin , 138, 142, 152 Dobrynin, Anatoly , 157 Dogo, Marco , 14n Duchâteau, Pierre , 113–6, 137–8, 160 Dujardin, Vincent , 74n, 116n, 129n Dumoulin, Michel , 32n, 42n, 74n,

89n, 116n, 129n

E economic recession , 74–5, 79, 83, 85,

95, 174 EEC-Yugoslav cooperation

agricultural fi eld , 81, 71, 78–9, 83, 85, 87, 96, 122, 123n, 134, 163

industrial fi eld , 55–6, 59, 65, 70–1, 78, 81–3, 85, 87, 96, 122, 183

social fi eld , 55, 57–8, 65, 74, 85, 87, 93, 96, 139, 141, 143, 147, 151, 163

EEC-Yugoslavia Cooperation Council , 163, 185

EEC-Yugoslavia Joint Declaration (1976) , 2, 12, 99, 113–5, 117, 122, 124–7, 129, 134, 144, 167–8, 172, 175, 178, 181, 184–5

EEC-Yugoslavia Mixed Commission , 43, 45, 50–1, 54, 56, 58, 65, 68, 70–1, 75, 78, 83–4, 87–8, 92, 94–6, 113–4, 134

Egypt, Soviet infl uence , 30, 60 Elvert, Jürgen , 116n emigrant remittances , 65, 79 empty chair crisis (1965–66) , 23–24

202 INDEX

enlargement consequences of , 52–4, 71,

129, 136, 140–1, 149, 164, 183

Mediterranean , 12, 137, 139, 149, 168, 174, 176, 182

Ernst, Wolfgang , 27, 29, 32 European Free Trade Association

(EFTA) , 16 European Investment Bank (EIB) ,

84, 88–93, 117, 122, 123n, 163, 175

European Parliament , 28, 50, 66n, 146–7, 161

European Political Cooperation (EPC) , 49, 61–4, 67, 69, 136, 175, 180

F Fanfani, Amintore , 27–9 Ferguson, Niall , 49n Ferrari, Lorenzo , vii, 49n Financial Times , 159 Fink, Karole , 6n, 26n, 30n Fleck, Hans-Heorg , 89n Forage, Paul , 184n Ford, Gerald , 108, 111, 180 Forlani, Arnaldo , 132, 144 France

ban on beef imports , 74–5 enlargement , 129, 150, 174 Franco-German ‘couple’ , 86, 178 Languedoc , 136 national prerogatives , 57, 72, 96,

117, 173–5, 178 opposition to fi nancial loans , 85–7,

89–92 opposition to Yugoslav

agricultural exports , 26, 38–42, 46

security concerns , 61

strategic interests in the Mediterranean , 30–1, 41–2, 60, 78, 109–10, 181

support for Yugoslavia , 124, 126, 144, 160, 173

Yugoslav pressures , 68 Francfort, Pierre , 42 Franco, Francisco , 102, 110 Frangeš, Božidar , 113–4, 118 Free Territory of Trieste (FTT) , 18,

20, 105–6

G Gainar, Maria , 7n Galeazzi, Marco , 6n, 14n, 62n Garavini, Giuliano , 4n, 5n, 51n Gaspar, Carlos , 110n Gassert, Philipp , 26n, 30n Gavìn, Vìctor , 9n General Agreement on Trade and

Tariffs (GATT) , 16, 23–4, 70n, 116, 135, 143, 146, 182

Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) , 51, 54, 58, 70n, 72, 123n, 135, 143, 150, 182

Genscher, Hans-Dietrich , 144–5, 161 Germany (FRG)

guest-worker agreement , 40 improved relations with Yugoslavia ,

22–3, 40, 45, 160, 174 national prerogatives , 85–7, 89,

178 Non-Aligned Movement , 144 opposition of fi nancial loans , 85–7,

90–2 Ostpolitik , 6, 26–7 security issues , 37, 46, 60, 69, 78,

105, 143, 145, 173, 180 sensitivities over unemployment , 85 strained relationship with

Yugoslavia , 19–21

INDEX 203

support for Portugal , 110 terrorism , 144–5 Yugoslav imports , 23

Getter, Matthew M , 3n Gillingham, John , 4n Ginor, Isabella , 60n Gligorov, Kiro , 39 Global Mediterranean Policy (GMP) ,

61, 64–5, 139, 149, 164, 179, 182

Goldtajn, Alexander , 3n Gorazd, Bajc , 28n Goscheva Stoilova, Veronika , 133n Graf, Maximilian , 133n Granfi l, Toma , 34, 36, 39–41, 43,

51–2, 54, 177 Graovac, Igor , 89n Gray, William Glenn , 19n Greece

anti-NATO sentiments , 102 Association agreement , 18, 57 enlargement , 129, 140, 153, 163,

168, 182–3 fall of military junta , 78 fi nancial assistance , 90, 150 membership application , 84, 136 trade negotiations , 27 transition to democracy , 110, 125,

181 Western security system , 15

Gregoire, Pierre , 37 Griffi ths, Richard , 184n Guasconi, Maria Elena , 5n, 49n Guirao, Fernando , 9n Gulstroff, Torben , 133n Gundelach, Finn Olav , 91, 116, 122,

178

H Haferkamp, Wilhelm , 136–9, 141–3,

149–52, 155–7, 168, 179

Hague conference , 5, 44, 48, 77, 95, 173

Haig, Simonian , 77 Haile Selassie, Emperor , 15 Hallstein Doctrine , 19–20, 22 Hanihimäki, Jussi, 49n,111n Hannay, David , 93–5, 113–4, 125 Harmel, Pierre , 38, 43–4 Hattersley, Roy , 93 Hatzivassiliou, Evanthis , 30n Heath, Edward , 63, 77, 175 Hein, Bastian , 89n Hendricks, Gisela , 32n Herbst, Axel , 42 Heuser, Beatrice , 6n, 14n Hiepel, Claudia , 78n Hijzen, Theodorus , 53 Hill, Christopher , 183n Holt, Stephen , 3n, 16n Horton, John J. , 147n Hua Kuo Feng , 131–2 Huang Hua , 132

I Ilijić, Nikola , 29, 33 Independent Commission on

International Development Issues , 148–49

Indochinese war , 153 industry

community protectionism , 135, 139–40, 149, 151, 156–7, 159, 163, 182

Yugoslav exports , 19, 25, 26, 29, 43, 45, 51, 66, 143, 163

Yugoslav imports , 15, 24–5, 31, 66, 70, 134

Ireland accession of , 48 agriculture , 150 ; fi nancial

cooperation , 91

204 INDEX

Israel Arab-Israeli confl ict , 30, 60 fi nancial assistance , 90 trade negotiations , 20–1, 27, 136

Italian Communist Party (PCI) , 11, 102–103, 149, 153, 158

Italy ban on beef imports , 74–5 border question , 6, 20, 41, 105–6 effects of enlargement , 129, 150 mediatory role , 20, 28, 40, 45, 176 Mezzogiorno , 136 opening to Yugoslavia , 20 political instability , 60, 102 security concerns , 30–1, 19–20, 61,

143, 145, 173, 175–6 support for Yugoslavia , 40–1, 46,

69, 144, 160, 175 veto , 27–9

J Jakovina, Tvrtko , 8n, 158n Janjetović, Zoran , 89n Jeftić, Bora , 138, 152, 159 Jenkins, Michael , 146 Jenkins, Roy , 129, 135, 146, 159–62,

168, 177, 179, 181 Joint ventures , 3n, 24, 65n, 94, 123n Journal of European Integration

History , 3 Judt, Tony , 74n Junker, Detlef , 26n, 30n

K Kaiser, Wolfram , 4n Kandiah, Michael D , 7n, 63n Kansikas, Suvi , 80n Karamanlis, Konstantinos , 102, 110 Karamouzi, Eirini , vii, 84n, 102n,

110n, 184n Kardelj, Edward , 154

Kasalo, Branko , 158n Kawan, Louis , 32 Khrushchev, Nikita , 16, 122 Kiesinger, Kurt , 26, 40 Kilian, Werner , 19n Killick, John , 108, 120 Kissinger, Henry , 78, 102, 105,

108–10, 112, 124, 174 Komatina, Branko , 106 Kosanović, Milan , 6n, 26n, 100n, 133n Kosovo , 59, 104, 107 Kramer, Mark , 30n Kullaa, Rinna , 8n, 14–15n

L Lahr, Rolf , 20, 37 Lakićević, Mijat , 26n, 39n Lalović, Miloš , 29 Lampe, John R. , 59n, 108n Lardinois, Pierre , 77 Laursen, Johnny , 116n League of Communists of Yugoslavia

(LCY), 59, 103 – 4 , 107, 120 Lebsanft, Ulrich , 87 Lees, Lorraine M , 14n Leffl er, Melvyn P , 4n, 49n, 59–60n,

100–1n, 131n Legendre, Anais , 32n Leone, Giovanni , 29, 41 Le Portz, Yves , 92 Levi Sandri, Lionello , 35 Libya , 60, 164 Loeff, Josephus , 55, 64 Lomellini, Valentine , vii, 133n Lončar, Budimir , 137 Loth, Wilfried , 2n, 23n, 100n, 104n,

164n Lucarelli, Sonia , 183n Ludlow, N. Piers , vii, 4n, 7n, 8n, 23n,

41n, 74n, 103n, 116n, 180n Lundestad, Geir , 166n Luns, Joseph , 37, 119

INDEX 205

Luxembourg , 7, 37, 70, 91 Luxembourg compromise , 24

M Maccotta, Giuseppe Walter , 105–7, 130 Maes, Ivo , 74n Maghreb , 57, 84, 90, 140 Maier, Charles S , 49n Maitland, Donald , 152 Malfatti, Franco Maria , 37, 48, 50,

52–5, 64–5, 71, 76, 178 Malta , 27, 60, 90 Manela, Erez , 49n Mansholt, Sicco , 38n, 39, 65–6, 76,

178 Mao Tse-Tung , 131–3 Maresca, John , 100n Martin, Jacques , 154 Mashreq , 84, 86, 136 Mates, Leo , 8n Maxwell, Kenneth , 110n Medici, Lorenzo , 33, 40 Mediterranean

political stability , 8–9, 11, 13, 30–1, 42, 46, 54, 58–64, 72, 78

Soviet pressure , 30, 44 Mediterranean Working Group

(MWG) , 61 Meneguzzi Rostagni, Carla , vii, 28n, 80n Mesavić , 19 Miard-Delacroix, Hélène , 77n Migani, Guia , 4n, 5n, 49n, 61n, 63n,

102n, 110n, 184n Miljević, Petar , 66–7, 77, 81, 87, 93,

95, 113 Milward, Alan S , 32n Minić, Miloš , 78, 119 Minotou, Marietta , 110n Möckli, Daniel , 7n, 49n, 78n Močnik, Josip , 131n Mondale, Walter , 131 Monnet, Jean , 74n

Montenegro , 59, 104, 107 Moro, Aldo , 10, 25, 28, 41, 53, 61–2,

107, 143 Morocco, trade negotiations , 27 Morton, Jeffrey S , 184n Muñoz Sanchez, Antonio , 110n

N Naimark, Norman M , 1n, 148n Nasser, Gamal Abdel , 15 Natali, Lorenzo , 164 Nation, R. Craig , 184n NATO

and Czechoslovak crisis , 30–1 political consultation , 119–20 Reykjavik summit , 30, 60 southern fl ank , 60–1, 101, 111,

136, 175–6, 180 Yugoslav sensitivity over

interference , 105–8, 112, 120 Nea Dimocratia , 110 Nehru, Jawarhalal , 15 Nenni, Pietro , 41 Netherlands , 7, 91 Niedhart, Gottfried , 26n Nixon, Richard , 100–1, 108, 133 Njølstad, Olav , 100 Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)

Colombo summit , 102 emerging divisions , 129, 155, 158,

172 foundation , 14 Havana summit , 156 pro-Soviet faction , 102–3, 121, 126,

130–1, 162, 172 Soviet pressure , 153, 157 Yugoslav moderate role , 132, 144, 156

North-South Commission , 149 North Vietnam , 121 Norway , 16 Nuti, Leopoldo , 149n, 166n Nuttal, Simon , 49n

206 INDEX

O Obadić, Ivan , 2n, 24n Oil shock , 11, 95, 174 Olivier, Gérard , 56 O’Malley, Brendan , 102n Oprešnik, Miloš , 33, 56–7 Ortoli, François-Xavier , 66–7, 70, 74,

77–8, 80–3, 90, 178 Osimo Treaty , 105, 143

P Paris summit , 61, 64, 66, 77, 173 Paun, Nicolae , 2n, 164n Pavlowitch, Stavan K , 104n Pedaliu, Effi e , vii, 6n, 7n, 30n, 60n, 63n People’s Movement for the Liberation

of Angola (MPLA) , 101, 108–9 Perfetti, Francesco , 27n Perović, Jeronim , 8n, 14n Pertini, Sandro , 160 Phan Van Phi, Raymond , 146 Pirjevec, Jože , 31n, 59n, 130n, 152n,

162n Pompidou, Georges , 41–2, 46, 77,

173–4 Poncet, Jean-François , 160 Pons, Silvio , 103n Portugal

Carnation Revolution , 78, 101 enlargement , 129, 136, 140, 150,

168, 182–3 fi nancial assistance , 84, 90, 150 membership application , 136 transition to democracy , 110,

125–6, 134, 181 Privitera, Francesco , 184n Prpic, Vjekoslav , 19

Q Qaddafi , Muammar , 60 Quadripartite meetings , 10, 102, 105,

109, 124, 126, 145, 180

Quai D’Orsay , 144 Quinn-Judge, Sophie , 153n

R Radchenko, Sergey , 131n Radeljić, Branislav , vii, 1n, 4 Rajak, Svetozar , vii, 15n, 16n Ramet, Sabrina P , 59n Rey, Jean , 19, 21, 26, 28, 33–4, 43,

48, 50, 53, 66, 76, 177 Rey, Marie-Pierre , 17n Ribićić, Mitja , 106 Robinson, Gertrude Joch , 147n Rolls-Royce , 63 Romano, Angela , vii, 4n, 5n, 7n, 50n,

80–1n, 100n, 133n, 141n, 166 Romero, Federico , 80n, 101n Rother, Bernd , 149n Rubinstein, Alvin , 8n Rummel, Reinhardt , 49n Rumor, Mariano , 90 Rusinow, Dennison , 148 Ruzicic-Kessler, Karlo , 6n, 20n

S safeguard clauses , 58, 157 Sargent, Daniel J. , 49n Sauvagnargues, Jean , 91 Schaefer, Bernd , 6n, 26n Schlesinger, James R , 69 Schmidt, Helmuth , 77, 147, 174–5 Schumann, Maurice , 42 Sebilleau, Pierre , 52, 54, 56, 58, 68 Seers, Dudley , 6n Segni, Antonio , 20 Self-management , 58, 82, 104, 125,

147 Serbia , vii, 59, 104, 136 Sfetas, Spyridon , 153n Shonick, Kaja , 6n, 26n, 40 Sigrist, Helmut , 66–7 Single European Act , 180

INDEX 207

Singleton, Fred , 147n Slovenia , 1, 59, 61, 104, 106–7 Smole, Janko , 82, 84, 87, 92–3, 118,

135 Šnuderl, Boris , 68, 70 Soames, Christopher , 67, 69–70,

75–6, 81, 86–7, 92–5, 113–4, 116, 137, 140, 146, 178

Soares, Mario , 110 Sonnenfeldt, Helmut , 108–9, 111,

124 Southern European crisis , 6, 90, 95,

99, 101–2, 109, 111, 126, 172 South Korea , 112 South Vietnam , 101 Soutou, Georges-Henri , 104n Soutou, Jean-Marie , 87 Soviet Union

hegemonism , 8, 30, 111, 132 infl uence in the NAM , 102–3, 121,

130–1, 172 interventions in Africa , 101 presence in the Mediterranean ,

30–1, 44, 47, 60–1, 72, 111, 121, 171

relations with Bulgaria , 153 relations with the EEC , 8, 16–7,

21–2, 45, 80–1, 141 relations with Yugoslavia , 9, 14–6,

35, 53, 59, 68, 79, 118, 125, 130, 140, 152, 181

role in CSCE , 133 Western concerns , 61–2, 68–9,

103–5, 119–21, 124, 136, 141, 145, 157–8, 167–8, 172–3

Yugoslav concerns , 107, 116, 125, 152–3, 157–8

Spain dictatorship in , 60 enlargement , 129, 140, 168,

181–3 instability , 102 Mediterranean agricultural produce

competition , 136, 150

membership application , 136 trade negotiations , 27 transition to democracy , 110, 125–6

Spiljak, Mika , 25, 27–8 Stalin, Joseph , 8, 15, 31, 181 Stapleton, Ken , 3n, 16n Stephen, George , 77n Stewart, Dugald , 63, 82, 83, 112, 121 Sukarno , 15 Sweden , 16 Switzerland , 16 Syria , 40

T Tepavac, Mirko , 52 Texeira, Nuno , 18n Thatcher, Margaret , 160 Thorn, Gaston , 92 Tickell, Crispin , 159–60, 162 Tilly, Pierre , 74n, 129n Tito, Josip Broz, 8–9, 12, 15–6, 30–1,

48, 52–4, 59, 61–3, 65, 71, 89–90, 93, 102–5, 107–8, 111–4, 116–7, 119–21, 124, 126, 129–32, 136–9, 143–4, 147–9, 154, 156, 158, 160, 162, 166–8, 172, 177–8, 181, 184

Tomašević, Jožo , 147n Tomašević, Žarko , 18, 113, 116, 125 Tomić, Petar , 33 tourism , 79, 123n, 139, 163 Trabalza, Folco , 28 Trachtenberg, Marc , 59n Tsakaloyannis, Panos , 3n, 31n, 151n Tulli, Umberto , 101n Tunisia, trade negotiations , 27 Turkey

Association agreement , 18, 57 EEC relations , 9, 136 fi nancial protocols , 90 invasion of Cyprus , 101–2 political instability , 60 labour force , 85 Western defensive system , 15

208 INDEX

U Ugur, Mehmet , 9n Ungari, Andrea , 27n United Kingdom

attention to the Yugoslav question , 62–3, 144, 175

debates on the Mediterranean , 62–3 security issues , 63, 145, 180 support for the European

Commission , 67, 91, 175 Western containment , 14

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) , 51

United States attitude towards EEC-Yugoslav

relations , 69, 145–6, 160–1 attitude towards Yugoslavia , 102,

108–9, 131 relations with USSR , 59, 166

V Vaïsse, Maurice, 23n Vaitsos, Constantine , 6n Van der Harst, Jan , 38n, 44n, 78n Van der Stoel, Max , 115, 118, 122, 124 Van Elslande, Renaat , 70 Varsori, Antonio , vii, 4–6n, 9n, 14n,

27n, 42n, 49n, 61–2n, 100n, 102–3n, 109–10n, 184n

Vaughan, Patrick G , 166n Venturini, Antonio , 20 Verney, Susannah , 18n Vietnam, invasion of Cambodia , 153 Villaume, Paul , 50n

Vojvodina , 59, 104 von Hagen, Mark , 148 Vrhovec, Josip , 144–5, 158, 160

W Warsaw Pact , 29–30, 32, 46, 49, 101,

153, 155 Washington Post , 111 Wellenstein, Edmund P , 33–7, 66–7,

80–1, 85–6 Wenkel, Christian , 63n, 110n Wessels, Wolfgang , 49n Westad, Odd Arne , vii, 4n, 49–50n,

59–60n, 100–1n, 109n, 131n, 153n

Wheeler, Mark , 148 Willaert, Émile , 89n Willetts, Peter , 8n Wilson, Harold , 77 Wischnewski, Hans-Jurgen , 91

Y Yamamoto, Takeshi , 7n Yom Kippur War , 74, 108 Young, John W , 7n, 63n

Z Zaccaria, Benedetto , 2n, 133n, 164n,

185n Zampoli, Davide , 49n Žiberna, Milica , 155, 161 Zubok, Vladislav M , vii, 15n, 17n,

101n