AZEEZ F-1 Car and Aerodynamics

8/6/2019 AZEEZ F-1 Car and Aerodynamics

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8thSemester Seminar

Presentation

BY

Md Azeezulla

1RN07IT024

FORMULA-1 CAR & AERODYNAMICS


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CONTENTS

Introduction to Formula -1 cars

Mechanical Features

Aerodynamics

Careers in Formula-1

Conclusion

References


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FERRARI F-2004 Formula 1 Car

Formula One

SIDE View Top View


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Formula One represents the pinnacle ofMotor sport Racing.

A Formula One car is usually a single seater, open wheel machine

with a tremendous power to weight ratio.

Modern day Grand Prix cars can corner at incredible speeds thanks to

their large tyres and wings.To win Formula -1 Driver's Championship is the ultimate goal in

motor racing. Manufacturers such as Ferrari, Honda,

Mercedes-Benz, have spent huge sums of money in order to

win the Constructors Championship.

INTRODUCTION

An F1 car is made up of 80,000 components. If it were to beassembled 99.9% correctly, it would still start the racewith 80 things wrong!

Formula 1 cars have over a kilometer of cable, linked to about 100sensors & actuators which monitor & control many parts of the car.


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An F1 car can Accelerate 0-300 kph in under 3 secs

Braking from 300-0 in less than 4 secs.

At 550kg a F1 car is less than half the weight of aMini(small car manufactured in London).

In an F1 Engine revving at 20,000 Rpm, the pistonwill travel up and down 300 times a second.

Maximum piston acceleration is approximately 7000G

Drivers need not resort to pressure suits likefighter pilots because they only experience highG's for very short period of time.

If a water hose were to blow off, the complete

cooling system would empty in just over a second.


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Mechanical Components

ENGINE

Powerplant 3000cc

Ten cylinder V-10 Engine

Produces up to 900 BHP

Weight : 220 pounds

Can Rev upto 20,000 Rpm

GEARBOX

6 to 7 gears

Gear shifted using paddles on steering wheel

Clutch located on the steering wheel

Computer aided shifting

Formula One


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Gear ratios are used only for one race andare replaced regularly to prevent failure.

The Fit in the cockpit is so tight that the steeringwheel must be removed for the driver to get inor out of the car.

Paddles for changing gear are located on the backof the wheel. The clutch levers are located on thesteering wheel.

F1 cars have integrated pneumatic jacks in thechassis, two in the front and one in the rear.

The pit crew can jack the whole car up in less thana second when the car stops in the pit.


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Tyres

Different tyre for different circuit and weather conditions.

4 permanent grooves in each tyre

BRAKES

Made ofcarbon fiber

Beryllium

Operating Temperature :

over 1200 degree Celsius


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The Refuelers used in F1 can supply20 Litres of fuel per second.

Top F1 pit crews can refuel and change tyres inaround 4 seconds.

Race car Tyres don't have air in them like normal car

Tyres. Most racing Tyres have Nitrogen in the tyresas it is more consistent than air.

During the race the tyres lose weight! Each Tyre

loses about 0.5 kg in weight due to wear.

At ~ 350 mm wide, F1 Tyres are much wider thannormal Tyres (~185 mm wide).


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Driver Protection

Roll Hoop prevents the driver from being crushed in case the car

over turns.

Driver wears a fire suit which can withstand fire for up to 15 seconds

and has provision forOxygen.

Tensioned seat belts keep the driver in place at all times.


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Electronic Systems

TRACTIONCONTROL

Prevents unwanted wheel spin

Better acceleration and control

Completely computer aided

INCARTELEMETRY

Driver gets all information about car on the

steering wheel.

Can modify the fuel mixture, monitor oil pressure

and brake temperatures.

LAUNCH CONTROL

Better start from stand still

Computer Aided system

Stops engine stalling.


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Aerodynamics of an F1 Car

A Modern F-1 car has almost as much in common with aJet Fighter as it does with an ordinary road car.


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Aerodynamics have become keyto success in the sport and teamsspend Millions of dollars on R&D.

Air flows at different speeds overthe two sides of the wing and thiscreates a difference in pressure, a

physical rule known asBernoulli's Principle.

The Aerodynamic designer has 2 Concerns1.creation of Down force

2.Improve cornering forces

An F1 car can generateenough Downforcetoequalit'sownweight, i.e, it couldactually hold itselftothe ceiling ofatunnel & bedrivenupsidedown.


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Every single surface of a F-1 car, from the shape of thesuspension links to that of the driver's Helmet, has its

Aerodynamic effects considered.

To give you an idea of just how importantAerodynamic design and added Downforce can be,small planes can take off at slower speeds than

Race cars travelling on the track.

Race car wings operate on exactly the same principleas Aircraftwings, only in reverse direction.

Without Aerodynamic Downforce, High-performanceracing cars have sufficient power to produce wheelspin and loss of control at 160 kph. They usuallyrace at over 300Kph


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Front wing and nose cone Assembly

The front wings on the car produces 25-40% of thecars Downforce. Onto this are fitted two aerofoil

flaps, one on each side, which are the adjustable

parts of the wing.

Ferrarihas used two small flaps rather than a

single large one.

The wing flap on either side of the nose cone is

asymmetrical as it allows better airflow to theunderfloor and the diffuser & increases Downforce.

Even tiny changes to the front wing can have

huge effects on the overall performance.


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Rear Wing

The rear wing helps glue the rear

wheels to the track,. However, it also hugely increases

drag.

Multiple wings are used to gain more

Downforcce in the Rear Wing. If the wings are too close together, the

resultant forces will be in opposite

directions & thus cancel each other.

DIFFUSER

The diffuser, is designed toensure the smooth exit for theair that is flowing under the car.


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BARGEBOARDS

They smooth out and separate air

that has been disrupted by the frontwheels.

They are directed into the sidepodsfrom outside to cool the engine &

reduce Drag.

The Red colour highlights theextreme heat generated by anF1 car at speeds over 200 Mph.

over the course of a race can lead tocockpit temperatures reaching anAvg 50 degrees Celsius.

In these situations, the driver canlose approximately 1.5 Litres of body

fluid per race, as well as burningoff 600 calories.


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FORMULA -1 vs. Indy Car at a Glance

Indy Car Formula -1 car

Weight 770 kg/1700 lb 600 kg/1323 lb

Height 914 mm/36 in 950 mm/37.4 in

F/R track 1994 mm/78.5 in 1800 mm/70.9 in

Wheelbase 3035 mm/119.5 in 3020 mm/ 118.9 in

Engine V8 Turbo, 2.65 litres V10 Non-Turbo, 3. litres

Power750 Bhp at 14,000

Rpm

800 Bhp-plus at 18,500

Rpm


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Careers in Formula One

Aerodynamics Design Engineer

Chief Designer

FEA EngineerRace Engineer

Vehicle Dynamists

Wind

Tunnel Engineer

Wind Tunnel Analysts

Race /Team Mechanic

Control Systems Engineer


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CONCLUSION

F1 development is a thorough test bed for the nextgeneration of Automotive Engineering.

F-1 Technology helps in building smaller & lighter

production car Engines.

yields great performance & long lasting using lessfuel & less maintenance.

Stylish and for desirable cars in the future to come.


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References

Ferrari the Official book byGianni Cancellieri

Racing Engines byKarl Ludvigsen

Driving Force byJeff Daniels

www.ferrari.com

www.bbc.co.ukwww.f1.com

www.f1technical.com

http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/shared/spl/hi/motorsport/03/formul

a_one/car/html/aerodynamics.stm

www.f1nutter.com

Documents

AZEEZ F-1 Car and Aerodynamics