Automation Of Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor(CSTR) Using Microcontroller

Guided By:-Mr. Pankaj BorahAssistant Professor(Instrumentation Engineering) Submitted by:

Saikhong Basumatary(Gau – c – 10/110) Harikanta Roy(Gau – c – 10/L -191)

Biswajit Karmakar(Gau – c – 10/L -192)Amitesh Kumar(Gau – c – 10/L -193)

• Introduction• System Layout• Components used• Circuit Diagram• Stirrer Control• Heater drive using triac• Temperature Sensor Using Thermistor• Usbasp Programmer• Conclusion• Future work

Content

Introduction

Temperature controllers are devices used to accurately control process temperature without extensive operator involvement. It is a control system which accepts data from temperature sensors i.e. thermistor and compares the actual temperature to the desired set-point temperature, to operate temperature controlling elements like heater and stirrer.

System layout 

Circuit Diagram

Components Used

• Microcontroller(AT mega16) - For process execution• Thermistor NTC 103(Temperature Sensor)• LCD display(16 X 2) – Data display• Heater(220V) – To heat the tank • Relay(5 Vdc)• DC Geared motor (6v - 12 v, 100 rpm) – To run stirrer• Triac(BT136) – To control AC voltage to heater• Optocoupler(MOC3021) - To drive triac• Diode (1N4007= 4nos.)• Voltage regulator(7805 & 7812) - To provide power• Transformer(12V,500mA) - supply to circuit

ATmega 16ATMEGA16's SPECIFICATIONS : - •FLASH -------- 16 kB•EEPROM -------- 512 B•SRAM -------- 1024 B•SPEED -------- 0-16 Mhz•VOLTS -------- 4.5 V - 5.5 V•PINS -------- 40 (PDIP) Here, each I/O port has 3 registers associated with each it. These three registers are : - •DDRx•PORTx•PINx x ----------- A, B, C, D.•Port A – ADC input .

VOLTAGE REGULATOR 7805,7812• 7805 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit. The voltage regulator IC maintains the output

voltage at a constant value. 7805 provides +5V regulated power supply. Capacitors of suitable values can be connected at input and output pins depending upon the respective voltage levels.

• 7812 is a voltage regulator integrated circuit. The voltage regulator IC maintains the output voltage at a constant value. 7812 provides +12v regulated power supply. Capacitors of suitable values can be connected at input and output pins depending upon the respective voltage levels.

Relay

• A electromechanical device used to make or break connection.

• We have used a 5 Vdc relay which can by pass upto 240Vac.

DC GEARED MOTOR

• Provides high torque at low speed.• The speed of motor is counted in terms of rotations of the

shaft per minute and is termed as RPM.

Stirrer Control

• Gets data from microcontroller.• A 16×2 alphanumeric LCD.

Liquid Crystal Display:

Triac BT136

KMOC3021

Triac Driving Circuit-Controller for AC Heater

Thermistor

A thermistor is a temperature-sensing element composed of sintered material which exhibits a large change in resistanceproportional to a small change in temperature.

Thermistor circuit

Usbasp Programmer

FRC

ATmega16 Usbasp Programmer

• We can program AVR microcontroller by using usbasp programmer.

• We need to connect the MOSI, MISO, SCK, Reset, Vcc and GND pin of the microcontroller to the programmer.

Conclusion

• CSTR is used in most of the Industries like, cement plant, food processing industries, chemical industries, refineries etc. By making automatic control makes the system more efficient and reduce the manpower, hence reduce the cost of the operation .

• Thermistor output is non – linear w.r.t. rise in temperature but its sensitivity is high which is helpful in maintaining our required value.

Future Work

• We will work on level and flow controller.• And to make a software interface for the system for

continuous monitoring and control.

OUR PROJECT WORK

Thank you