AULÃO INGLÊS - UDESC 2013/2 - MIGUEL ARCANJO

Iyouhesheit

weyouthey

Subject Pronoun

meyouhimheritus

youthem

Object Pronoun

myselfyourselfhimselfherselfItself

ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

PossessiveAdjective

myyourhisheritsouryourtheir

Possessive Pronoun

Reflexive Pronoun

mineyours

hishers

-oursyourstheirs

Personal Pronouns

I love you!

This is my problem, not yours.

Judy can take car of herself.

thatwhichwho

(whom)

whichwhom

whose

wherewhatwhen

Relative Pronouns

que

qualquem

cujo

ondequequando

You are the professional whom I’m looking for.

This is the policy in which I believe.

John is the man whose car was stolen.

This is the moment when I say goodbye.

aboardaboutaboveacrossafteragainstalongamidamongantiaroundasat

beforebehindbelowbeneathbesidebesidesbetweenbeyondbutby

concerningconsidering

despitedownduring

exceptexceptingexcluding

followingforfrom

ininsideinto

versusvia

withwithinwithout

ofoffonontooppositeoutsideover

pastperplus

regardinground

savesince

thanthroughtotowardtowards

underunderneathunlikeuntilupupon

Prepostions

Prepostions

time

place

agent

device

These words come within my heart.

This poem was written by Edgar Allan Paul.

Getting around by bus seems very difficult.

Classes will be over within a week.

Linking Words

although though even though

However,yet

hencethereforethus

becausesinceForas

for examplefor instancelikeas

yetnonethelessnevertheless

plusmoreoverwhat’s morebesidesfurthermoreand

In spite ofdespitenotwithstanding

Articles

indefinite

definite

A car destroyed in an accident.

The real problems are yet to come.

Gerund

Noun

Verbo na Forma ING

Adjective

Continuous

Indefinite Pronouns

some

any

no

none

Have you had any problems?

I have no money to lend you.

None of you will understand what is in my head.

I have some money in the back.

thing – where – time – body - one.compounds

Nouns

Countable

Uncountable

Trained dogs can become lethal weapons.

Make love, not war.

gerund Dancing is really restoring!

Adverbs

time

place

manner

frequency

We saw you there.

You must drive your car carefully.

I won’t be home very often.

The train hasn't arrived yet.

Verb Tenses

Simple Present

Simple Past

Simple Future

Immediate Future

She sang in a band last year.

She will sing in a band.

She had sung in a band.

She sings in a band.

Continuous = verb be + ing.

Present Perfect

She is going to sing in a band.

She has sung in a band.

Past Perfect

She would sing in a band.Future of the Past

Modal

Can

Could

May

Might

Mark could ride a bike when he was 8.

Studies may prove you are wrong.

You ought to show respect to the elderly.

We all can attain our goals.

Should

It might rain tomorro.

Sammy should see a doctor too.

Ought to

Mark must see a doctor.Must

Phrasal Verbs

make up

go without

hand smth down

pass away

When I was young, we went without winter boots.

I handed my old comic books down to my little cousin.

His uncle passed away last night after a long illness.

We had to make up a story to convience him to come.

Most of my make-up wore off before I got to the party.wear off

Comparative of Superiority

long adjectives

short adjectives

good

bad

Jane is taller than Sue.

Water is better than soda.

Winter is worse than summer.

Josh is more handsome than Jerry.

Hawaii is farther than Japan.far

Superlative of Superiority

long adjectives

short adjectives

good

bad

That tower is the highest bulding in the city.

Physics is the best subject in school.

Randy’s is the worst restaurant in town.

Sally is the most attractive girl that I know.

Hawaii is the farthest place on Earth.far

Passive and Active Voice

Active Voice

Passive Voice

They have cut more trees.

You are loved by Shirley very much.

Passive Voice More trees have been cut.

Active Voice Shirley loves you very much.

1. (2010-1) The words “We” (line 1), “our” (line 5), “us” (line 6), are consecutively: a) personal pronoun, reflexive pronoun, object pronounb) object pronoun, possessive adjective, personal pronounc) object pronoun, personal pronoun, possessive adjectived) personal pronoun, reflexive pronoun, possessive adjectivee) personal pronoun, possessive adjective, object pronoun

e

2. The infinitive of the verbs: “learned” (line 1), “met” (line 2), “brought” (line 9), “tried” (line 15) , is consecutively:

a) to learn, to meet, to bring, to try b) to larne, to met, to broug, to trie c) to learn, to met, to bring, to tri d) to learne, to meet, to brough, to try e) to lear, to meet, to bring, to tri

a

3. Mark the alternative which represents the correct grammar use of the vocabulary in the text. a) surmounting (line 15) is a substantive b) Best of all (line 5) is a comparative of superiority c) powerful (line 10) is an adverb d) thus (line 21) is an adverb e) back (line 11) is a part of the body

d

4. The two underlined sentences are consecutively:

a) question tag and present perfect. b) simple past question and simple present question. c) tag question and simple present question. d) simple past question and imperative. e) tag question and imperative.

a

5. (2010-1) The words: “yearly” (line 2), “higher” (line 10), “rainy” (line 16), “which” (line 10), are used consecutively in the text as: a) adverb, comparative of superiority, pronoun, adverb.b) noun, adverb, relative pronoun, adjective.c) comparative of superiority, noun, adverb, comparative of superiority.d) adverb, comparative of superiority, noun, adjective.e) adjective, comparative of superiority, adjective, pronoun.

e

6. (2010-1) The words “even though” (line 17), “a three-way” (line 18), “upon” (line 19), are used consecutively in the text as: a) idiom, adjective, preposition.b) noun, number, preposition.c) substantive, noun, preposition.d) noun, adjective, conjunction.e) idiom, number, noun.

a

7. (2011-1) The correct verb tense used in the sentence “… others have been bitten by the travel bug…” (lines 2 and 3) is: a) past perfect.b) present simple.c) present perfect.d) past simple.e) active voice.

c

8. (2011-1) Some of the prepositions we find in the text are: a) for, also, that, the.b) to, the, of, for.c) of, the, or, and.d) and, that, from, into.e) into, of, from, for.

e

9. (2011-1) The words “collecting” (line 7), “processing” (line 7) and “remanufacturing” (line 7) are being used inthe text as: a) negative inversion.b) gerund.c) simple present.d) subjunctive.e) present perfect continuous.

b

10. (2011-2) The words “roughly” (line 11), “lighter” (line 10), “nearby” (line 21) and “Plus” (line 10) are used in thetext as: a) an adverb, a comparative of superiority, an adjective, a conjunction.b) an adverb, a superlative, an adverb, a conjunction.c) a conjunction, a comparative of inferiority, a verb and an adverb.d) a subjunctive, comparative of superiority, preposition and an adjective.e) a conjunction, a superlative, a preposition, an adverb.

a

11.(2012-1) The words “biggest” (line 6) and “brightest” (line 6) are examples of: a) inferiorityb) comparative of superiorityc) superlatived) equalitye) synonyms

c

12. (2012-1) The verb tenses “have speculated” (line 4), “have determined” (line 7) and “have known” (line 16)are: a) Past perfectb) Simple presentc) Present perfectd) Past participlee) Gerund

c

13. Mark the correct alternative which replaces the underlined expression in: “We made stuff up”. a) invented b) destroyed c) controlled d) sold e) reached

a

14. Analyze the sentences which contain the correct grammar definition from words, as used in the text, then mark the correct alternative.

I. Outside: adverb of place; stuff: noun. II. Commercially: adverb of manner; until: adjective. III. Turned out: gerund; overnight: adverb of time. IV. Stuff: noun; commercially: adjective. V. Were used and applied: passive voice; turned out: phrasal verb.

a) I and V are correct. b) I, II and V are correct. c) III and IV are correct. d) II and IV are correct. e) All options are correct

a

15. (2011-1) The negative inversion of “…you will be scandalized by seeing good… ” (line 1) would be: a) not only you will be scandalized by seeing good…b) hardly will you be scandalized by seeing good…c) you will not be scandalized by seeing good …d) since will not you be scandalized by seeing good…e) as you will be scandalized by seeing good …

e

Recycle – Reduce – Reuse Easier – Recycle means to process old, used items in order that the material can be used to make new products. Examples of things that are often recycled are glass, plastic, newspapers, aluminum cans, used motor oil, and batteries. Here, reduce refers to lessening the amount of items or resources that are consumed, using only the amount that is needed, and looking for alternatives that will lessen our use. And reuse means extending the 'life' or repurposing an item rather than discarding or throwing it away.

Harder – Recycling is the processes of collecting, processing, remanufacturing, and reusing materials instead of discarding them. This helps conserve raw materials and energy that manufacturers would otherwise use in producing new products. Recycling also reduces the amount of material going into landfills. Recycling helps lessen the pollution that may result from waste disposal. Reducing our consumption of materials and reducing the waste of materials also adds to the conservation of our resources.

16. The word “lessening” (line 3) means: a) to become stronger. b) to throw things away. c) to help. d) to take care of something. e) to become weaker.

e

17. Mark the correct alternative. a) Reuse materials won t sum up resources. ́�b) Plastic, paper and batteries are seldom recycled. c) To search for new possibilities of using things, would lessen the consumerism. d) Throwing things away would reduce consumerism. e) Recycle is throwing away things into landfills.

c

18. Mark the incorrect alternative. a) Recycle is the process of discarding materials. b) If we recycle we will have less materials going into landfills. c) Using things longer means extending their “life”. d) We can recycle cans, glass and newspapers. e) Some pollution may come from waste disposal.

b