Upload
doreen-henderson
View
216
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
Aulanni’amAulanni’amBiochemistry LaboratoryBiochemistry LaboratoryChemistry DepartmentChemistry DepartmentBrawijaya UniversityBrawijaya University
[email protected]@brawijaya.ac.id
Bioethics as a basis for decision-making
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
Why Bioethics?Why Bioethics?
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
Current Bioethical IssuesCurrent Bioethical Issues
Check the local news paper Stem cells (state, national,
international) Genetically Engineered Organisms Knowing your genes In vetro fertilization – choosing your
child's genes and characteristics Global warming Chemicals exposures – human health Environmental health
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
"A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community. It is
wrong when it tends otherwise." - Aldo Leopold, 1949, A Sand County
Almanac
The First BioethicistThe First Bioethicist
---------- 1887 - 1948 ----------
Aldo Leopold
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
“An ethic, ecologically, is a limitation on freedom of action in the struggle for existence”
Aldo Leopold
Limits on FreedomLimits on Freedom
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
““The Commons”The Commons”
The Tragedy of the CommonsBy Garrett Hardin, Science, 1968
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
Technical SolutionsTechnical Solutions
“It is our considered professional judgment that
this dilemma has no technical solution.”
The Tragedy of the CommonsBy Garrett Hardin, Science, 1968
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
Problems – Solutions?Problems – Solutions?
Lead and kids Fetal alcohol syndrome Nuclear disarmament Bioterrorism Ocean Fisheries Persistent chemicals The Commons
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
"Biology combined with diverse humanistic knowledge forging a
science that sets a system of medical and environmental
priorities for acceptable survival.“Global Bioethics (1988)
BioethicsBioethics
-------- 1911 - 2001 --------
Van Rensselaer Potter
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
1860’s - Scientific method in medicine, Gregor Mendel1928 - Penicillin discovered – widely used WWII1920’s - Lead in gasoline, lead in paint1931 - 30 states had sterilization laws on books1932 - Tuskegee syphilis study initiated 1947 - Nuremberg - The Doctors Trial1952 - First open heart surgery & Chlorpromazine1953 - Structure of DNA – Watson & Crick
Ethics and ScienceEthics and Science
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
60’s - Thalidomide, mercury, chronic hemodialysis, amniocentesis, informed consent, IRB’s
70’s - Hastings Center founded, bioethics defined, Tuskegee noticed, Belmont Report (3 principles), Genentech Inc. founded, awareness of FAS, sensitivity of developing CNS
80’s - Recombinant microorganism could be patented, lead is harmful to developing brain
90’s - molecular biology, sequencing of human genome (other species), Jurassic Park
00’s - US stem cell research restricted03 - Human cloned?
Ethics and ScienceEthics and Science
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
Question??Question??Who were the most influential people of
the past century?
James Watson (L) and Francis Crick (R), and the model they built of the structure of DNA (and Rosalind Franklin).
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
ELSIELSI Ethical Legal / Regulatory Social Implications or Issues What is unsaid or missing? Science Values Politics
Aulani "GE" Presentation 5Aulani "GE" Presentation 5
TopicsTopics
Why this is topic important DNA to RNA to Proteins Stem Cells Cloning – Therapeutic and
Human