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Atoms and the Periodic Table
Kim Lachler 12/29/12
ATOM
C:\Users\HP Customer\Desktop\The_Smallest_Piece_of_Matter__The_Atom.asf
Atom is the smallest part of anything that can not be broken down any further and remain the same thing.
Atoms made up of
Nucleus – the center of an atom– Neutron – has no charge– Protons – are positively charged
Electrons – are negatively charged
Atoms made up of
Bohr’s model– Has the electrons in orbits/shells
1st orbit holds 2 electrons 2nd orbit holds 8 electrons 3rd orbit holds 18 electrons
Cloud– The electrons travel around more like bouncing
around in a cloud.
ATOMIC NUMBER
There are the same number of protons and electrons in an atom.
The number of protons is known as the atomic number.
The_Atomic_Nucleus__Protons.asf
ATOMIC MASS and Isotopes
Atomic_Number__Mass_Number__Isotopes.asf Atomic mass is the number of protons + number of neutrons. Isotopes is when the atomic mass is different form atom to
atom of the same element because the number of neutrons are different.
PERIODIC TABLE
First it is important to understand what makes each element unique.– Atomic_Structure__How_Elements_Differ_from_
Each_Other.asf
What makes each element unique?– The number of Protons.
PERIODIC TABLE
The elements are arranged on the periodic table by the number of protons and then grouped by other properties, such as:
– Number of electrons in the outer shell– Type of medals – And so forth.
PERIODIC TABLE
Each square on the periodic table tells you the:
– Element name– Element symbol– The atomic number– The atomic mass (which is
the average of all it’s masses)
Ions
The electrons of an atom move around a lot. They like to have their outer shell filled. They will share electrons with other atoms to
accomplish this. When an atom gains or losses and electron
through this process it is called an ion.
Ions
Cation - When an atom losses electrons it is positively charged (has more protons then electrons)
Anion – When an atom gains electrons it is negatively charged (has more electrons then protons)
Molecule
When atoms bond; share electrons.
Bibliography
Discovery Education, discoveryeducation.com, accessed 12/29/12 Google images, http://www.900foot.com/pages/atom.htm ,accessed 12/29/12 Chemistry, http://www.crystalinks.com/chemistry.html, accessed 12/29/12 Basic electron engineering I, http://www.electronics-microcontroller.com/electronics-articles-basic-
Structure-of-the-Atom.htm, accessed 12/29/12 Jefferson Lab, isotope, http://education.jlab.org/glossary/isotope.html, Accessed 12/29/12 PLOS.org, periodic craziness, http://blogs.plos.org/speakeasyscience/2011/12/04/periodic-craziness/ ,
accessed 12/29/12 Wyzant, intro to elements and compounds,
http://www.wyzant.com/Help/Science/Chemistry/Intro_to_Elements_and_Compounds/, accessed 12/29/12