EarthquakesEarthquakes

Kim Lachler updated 10/2014

NCES 6.E.2.2

EarthquakeEarthquake

Ground shakingGround shaking

Earthquakes.movEarthquakes.mov

FaultingFaulting

a break in a body a break in a body of rock along of rock along which one block which one block slides relative to slides relative to another another

Fault blocks – Fault blocks – blocks on each blocks on each side of the faultside of the fault

Foot wall

- like a ramp

Hanging wall

- hang from it without touching it

Fault_Lines_and_Earthquakes.mov

FaultingFaulting Normal FaultNormal Fault

– – rocks are pulled rocks are pulled apart by tensionapart by tension

What is this called for What is this called for tectonic plate tectonic plate boundaries?boundaries?

DivergentDivergent

FaultingFaulting Reverse Fault Reverse Fault

– – rocks are pushed rocks are pushed together by together by compressioncompression

What is this called for What is this called for tectonic plate tectonic plate boundaries?boundaries?

ConvergentConvergent

FaultingFaulting Strike- Slip fault (shear)Strike- Slip fault (shear)

– – rocks are moved horizontally rocks are moved horizontally by opposing forcesby opposing forces

What is this called for tectonic plate What is this called for tectonic plate boundaries?boundaries?

TransformTransform

What creates an What creates an earthquakeearthquake Plastic deformation – Plastic deformation –

cause rock to bend cause rock to bend

Elastic deformation – Elastic deformation – causes rock to stretchcauses rock to stretch

Elastic rebound – Elastic rebound – causes the rock to causes the rock to snap backsnap back

Earthquake!Earthquake!

Building of MountainsBuilding of Mountains

Folded Mountains Folded Mountains

– – when rock when rock layers are layers are squeezed together squeezed together and pushed and pushed upward upward

The Himalayas

Building of MountainsBuilding of Mountains

Fault-Block Fault-Block MountainsMountains

– – When tension When tension causes rock to causes rock to break along a series break along a series of normal faults, of normal faults, resulting in resulting in different heights different heights

Hanging Hills

Connecticut

Building of MountainsBuilding of Mountains

Volcanic Volcanic Mountains Mountains

– – along along convergent convergent boundariesboundaries

Baker Mountain, Washington

BibliographyBibliography Holt, Rinehart & Winston, North Carolina, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Orlando, Fl, 2005Holt, Rinehart & Winston, North Carolina, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Orlando, Fl, 2005 USGA, tension stress, http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/glossary/?term=tensional stress, accessed USGA, tension stress, http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/glossary/?term=tensional stress, accessed

10/04/1010/04/10 Fold Mountains, Fold Mountains, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_mountainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_mountain, accessed 10/04/10, accessed 10/04/10 Fold, Fold, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_(geology)#Fold_terminology_in_two_dimensionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_(geology)#Fold_terminology_in_two_dimensions, accessed , accessed

10/04/1010/04/10 Fault, Fault, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_(geologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault_(geology), accessed 10/04/10), accessed 10/04/10 Mountain formation, Mountain formation, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_formation#Fold_mountainshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_formation#Fold_mountains, acessed , acessed

10/04/1010/04/10 Fault-Block mountains, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault-block_mountain, accessed 10/04/10Fault-Block mountains, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fault-block_mountain, accessed 10/04/10 Ask images, http://www.ask.com/pictures?qsrc=167&o=13755&l=dis&q=Earthquake%20Faults, Ask images, http://www.ask.com/pictures?qsrc=167&o=13755&l=dis&q=Earthquake%20Faults,

accessed 10/04/10accessed 10/04/10 Tylersciencewebsite, http://tylersciencewebsite.weebly.com/earthquakes.html, accessed 10/19/14Tylersciencewebsite, http://tylersciencewebsite.weebly.com/earthquakes.html, accessed 10/19/14 In. Gov,http://www.in.gov/dhs/2792.htm, accessed 10/19/14In. Gov,http://www.in.gov/dhs/2792.htm, accessed 10/19/14