Atomic Properties and the Periodic Table

Metallic Property

Trend

generally increases from top to bottom of the periodic table

generally decreases from left to right

Metals are found in the left hand side where as nonmetals are in the far right hand of the periodic table

H

Li Be

Na Mg

K Ca

Rb Sr

Cs Ba

Fr Ra

B C N O F

Al Si P S Cl

Ge As Se Br

Sb Te IPo At

He

Ne

Ar

Kr

Xe

Rn

Metals 3 or less valence electrons Electron donor High densities and melting

temperature Oxides are often soluble in

acidic solution Good conductors Ductile and malleable

Non-metals 5 or more valence electron Electron acceptor Low densities and melting

points Oxides are soluble in basic

solutions Poor conductors Not shiny,malleable and

ductile

Atomic Size

TrendTop to bottom increasesLeft to right decreases

ReasonsDue to additional energy level as you

go downDue to increasing nuclear charge

Ionization Energy

Amount of energy required to remove the electrons in an atom

Trendtop to bottom decreases

Left to right increases

Ionic Size

When an atom combine with another atom to form cation, are always smaller than their atom

Anions are always bigger than their atom Mg + O Mg2+ O2-

Classwork

Using a periodic table, classify each element as metal or nonmetal

Mg, K, Si, Br, Mn Arrange the following elements into increasing metallic propertyBa, Sr, Be,Mg, Ca & RaIn each of the following sets, tell which will be the largest

a) S, S2- b) Al, Al 3+ c) Ca, Ca2+, Se, Se2+

Arrange the following elements into decreasing ionization energya) P, Si,Ar, Cl & Al

b) Rb, K, Cs, Na, Fr, Li

Homework

In each set which one has the highest ionization energy?

a) He, Ne, Ar, Krb) Mg, As, Al, Fc) K, K+, Ca, Ca2+

Arrange the trends in atomic size in increasing order for the following ions:

Be2+, Mg2+, Ca2+ & Sr2+

Additional Practice

Arrange the succeeding elements according to increasing atomic size

Ar, S2-, P3-, Mg2+

Answer the focus questions 3 through 6 on page