Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
Orbitals Being Filled
1s
2s
3s
4s
5s
6s
7s
3d
4d
5d
6d
2p
3p
4p
5p
6p
1s
La
Ac
1
3 4 5 6 7
4f
5f
Lanthanide series
Actinide series
Groups 8
Per
iod
s
1 2
2
3
4
5
6
7
Electron Filling in Periodic Table
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
d
p
s
f
Li
3
H
1
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
d
p
s
f
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
d
p
s
f
Electron Filling in Periodic Table
Li
2s1
H
1s1
He
1s2
C
2p2
N
2p3
O
2p4
F
2p5
Ne
2p6
Na
3s1
B
2p1
Be
2s2
H
1s1
Al
3p1
Si
3p2
P
3p3
S
3p4
Cl
3p5
Ar
3p6
K
4s1
Ca
4s2
Sc
3d1
Ti
3d2
V
3d3
Cr
3d5
Mn
3d5
Fe
3d6
Co
3d7
Ni
3d8
Cu
3d10
Zn
3d10
Ga
4p1
Ge
4p2
As
4p3
Se
4p4
Br
4p5
Kr
4p6
Rb
5s1
Sr
5s2
Y
4d1
Zr
4d2
Nb
4d4
Mo
4d5
Tc
4d6
Ru
4d7
Rh
4d8
Pd
4d10
Ag
4d10
Cd
4p1
In
5p1
Sn
5p2
Sb
5p3
Te
5p4
I
5p5
Xe
5p6
Cs
6s1
Ba
6s2
Hf
5d2
Ta
5d3
W
5d4
Re
5d5
Os
5d6
Ir
5d7
Pt
5d9
Au
5d10
Hg
5d10
Tl
6p1
Pb
6p2
Bi
6p3
Po
6p4
At
6p5
Rn
6p6
Fr
7s1
Ra
7s2
Rf
6d2
Db
6d3
Sg
6d4
Bh
6d5
Hs
6d6
Mt
6d7
Mg
3s2
Ce
4f2
Pr
4f3
Nd
4f4
Pm
4f5
Sm
4f6
Eu
4f7
Gd
4f7
Tb
4f9
Dy
4f10
Ho
4f11
Er
4f12
Tm
4f13
Yb
4f14
Lu
4f114
Th
6d2
Pa
5f2
U
5f3
Np
5f4
Pu
5f6
Am
5f7
Cm
5f7
Bk
5f8
Cf
5f10
Es
5f11
Fm
5f14
Md
5f13
No
5f14
Lr
5f14
La
5d1
Ac
6d1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
d
p
s
f
Electron Filling in Periodic Table
K4s1
Ca4s2
Sc3d1
Ti3d2
V3d3
Mn3d5
Fe3d6
Co3d7
Ni3d8
Cr3d4
Cu3d9
Zn3d10
Ga4p1
Ge4p2
As4p3
Se4p4
Br4p5
Kr4p6
1
2
3
4
s
d
p
s
Cr4s13d5
Cu4s13d10
4f
4d
4p
4s
n = 4
3d
3p
3s
n = 3
2p
2sn = 2
1sn = 1
Ene
rgy
4s 3d
Cr4s13d5
4s 3d
Cu4s13d10
Cr3d5
Cu3d10
Electron Configurations of First 18 Elements:Hydrogen
1H
Lithium
3Li
Sodium
11NaMagnesium
12Mg
Boron
5B
Aluminum
13Al
Carbon
6C
Silicon
14SiPhosphorous
15P
Oxygen
8O
Sulfur
16S
Fluorine
9F
Chlorine
17Cl
Neon
10Ne
Argon
18Ar
Beryllium
4BeNitrogen
7N
Helium
2He
Electron Dot Diagrams
H
Li
Na
K
Be
Mg
Ca
B
Al
Ga
C
Si
Ge
N
P
As
O
S
Se
F
Cl
Br
Ne
Ar
Kr
He
Group
1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A
= valence electron
s1 s2 s2p2 s2p3 s2p4 s2p5 s2p6s2p1
1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
V. Outer Level e-’s
• Valence electrons
• Usually involved in chemical changes
• Dot diagram–Symbol represents the nucleus
–Dots represent the outer e-’s
First Four Energy Levels
n = 1
n = 2
n = 3
n = 4
Ene
rgy
Sublevels
Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 334
1s
2s 2p
3s 3p 3d
4s4p 4d 4f
Sublevel designation
Four sublevels
Three sublevels
Two sublevels
One sublevel
Principallevel 4
Principallevel 3
Principallevel 2
Principallevel 1
Principal Level 2 Divided
Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 334
2s
2s sublevel 2p sublevel
2px 2py 2pz
4f
4d
4p
4s
n = 4
3d
3p
3s
n = 3
2p
2s
n = 2
1sn = 1
En
erg
y
Sublevels
Four sublevels
Three sublevels
Two sublevels
One sublevel
Principallevel 4
Principallevel 3
Principallevel 2
Principallevel 1
Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids
Metals and Nonmetals
Li
3
He
2
C
6
N
7
O
8
F
9
Ne
10
Na
11
B
5
Be
4
H
1
Al
13
Si
14
P
15
S
16
Cl
17
Ar
18
K
19
Ca
20
Sc
21
Ti
22
V
23
Cr
24
Mn
25
Fe
26
Co
27
Ni
28
Cu
29
Zn
30
Ga
31
Ge
32
As
33
Se
34
Br
35
Kr
36
Rb
37
Sr
38
Y
39
Zr
40
Nb
41
Mo
42
Tc
43
Ru
44
Rh
45
Pd
46
Ag
47
Cd
48
In
49
Sn
50
Sb
51
Te
52
I
53
Xe
54
Cs
55
Ba
56
Hf
72
Ta
73
W
74
Re
75
Os
76
Ir
77
Pt
78
Au
79
Hg
80
Tl
81
Pb
82
Bi
83
Po
84
At
85
Rn
86
Fr
87
Ra
88
Rf
104
Db
105
Sg
106
Bh
107
Hs
108
Mt
109
Mg
12
Ce
58
Pr
59
Nd
60
Pm
61
Sm
62
Eu
63
Gd
64
Tb
65
Dy
66
Ho
67
Er
68
Tm
69
Yb
70
Lu
71
Th
90
Pa
91
U
92
Np
93
Pu
94
Am
95
Cm
96
Bk
97
Cf
98
Es
99
Fm
100
Md
101
No
102
Lr
103
La
57
Ac
89
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
METALS
Nonmetals
Metalloids
Metals, Nonmetals, & Metalloids1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Metals
Metalloids
Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 349
Nonmetals
Periodic Table
