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Dr. Ken Morgan, Directorwww.energyinstitute.tcu.edu
TXNG.ORG
New Institute
Go
TCU Energy InstituteTeaching and Research ForOur Domestic Energy Future
Rees Jones Hall
The Global Energy Dilemma
Food
Energy
Water
**Global Energy Reality**
• U.S = 100 Q-BTUs 85% FF, 8% Nuclear, 7% Renewables
• World = 500 Quads20% U.S., 17% China (2x), 16% Europe
• 2030….600 Quads!!!
Who will produce it?How will they produce it?
U.S. Energy Sources
Life In the Fast Lane!
U.S. OIL IMPORTS
Averaging $500 million/day!!
WE ARE A BUYER!!!
Our Debt approaches $18 Trillion!
The U.S. Game Changer!!
Several layers of steel tubes encasedin cement protect groundwater supplies
Protective casing to shale
Depth = 2 MilesMultistage Hydraulic Fracturing
- 100+ years of secure natural gas resource
Abundance-Energy Security
Game
Changer!!
Shale Plays: What to do?
• Water Use & Recycling
• Size of Fracking Operations
• Methane Emissions
• Disposal & Earthquakes
• Well Casing & Cement Design
• Other
Regulation or Incentives?
Remember: It’s Domestic!
EPA Report: June 2015
“No Evidence of Significant Impacts on Drinking Water”
Source: www.epa.gov/research
EPA Report 2012
“Green Pads”EFD-”Environmentally Friendly Drilling”
• Membranes- (T A&M)
• Oxidation-Ozonics (Ecosphere)
• Heat-NOMAD (GE/STW-Devon)
• Evaporators—Maxim (modular POD)
Water Recycling/Recovery
Air
Vapor Recovery Units—VPRs
Frohlich et al., 2010
Earthquakes began6 weeks after Disposal Well started...Faults??
Known Faults
DFW Earthquakes--2009
Fault
FAULTS!!!!!!!!
How we Use Nat Gas In Texas
Back-Up Fuel-Renewables
Base Fuel-Electricity
CNGTransportation Fuel
LNG
Ultra Clean Hydrogen Source
Clean Air-Clean Fuel For Texas!!
NGVs = Should we go there!!
>1,000
1.8 b gal/yr
1,000!
NGVs: The Real “Green Vehicles”
• Natural Gas vehicles…
…compared to gasoline or diesel
Reduce CO2 emissions
Reduce CO emissions
Reduce NOx emissions
Reduce Particulate Matter emissions
Reduce VOC emissions
20-30%
70-90%
75-95%
90%
89%
Lots and Lots of Natural Gas!!
National Pipeline SystemThe “Best” In The World
Let’s Be a Natural Gas Seller!!
LouisianaCheniere Energy It’s a Global Play
And a Global Market!!
Nat Gas to Mexico
2012 = 1.7 BCF/dayProjected 2017 = 4 billion cf/day!“Has helped keep prices $3”
Could deliver 10 BCF/day by 2020!!“Infrastructure”
Seller!!
Buyer!!
New Technologies
The Wolfberry!
Nat Gas Prices
Shale Oil
Today$3 ??
Lots and Lots of Oil-Sweet Crude!!
USGA estimates 20 Billion Barrels
Companies estimate 60 Billion Barrels!!
Almost $6B!!!
800,000 acres
$700 M
$3 Billion
Just to Name a few!!!
Oil Prices—What Happened?
U.S. Oil Production Went Up -------- U.S. Imports Went DOWN!!
Importing Energy??
Importing Oil
Rare Earth Elements“Green Technologies”
Actually Importing 10 million bbls/day!Net = approx 5 million bbls/day
China…97%
Today Change?? Tomorrow??
Batteries, Magnets, Control Rods, Lasers
Our Major Alternative Energy Sources
Green Technologies & Rare Earths
March 15, 2012-The Washington Post
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC of China controls 97 percent of the world’s supply ofrare-earth metals. Lucky for China — but not so lucky for the rest of the world!
Rare Earth = Problems!!
Air, Water and Land Environmental Disaster!!1 Ton of Mining of Rare Earths Produces:- 1 Ton Radioactive Waste Liquids- 10,000 M3 Waste Gas (S, HF etc)- 2,000 Tons of Mine TailingsSource: EWI.ORG, 2016
Wind Generators
2000 lbs of Rare Earth Materials per Wind Turbine!!45 Wind Turbines = 45 Tons of REMs From China!!
2014 The U.S. had 52,000 “Clean Energy” Wind TurbinesSource: American Wind AssociationThat’s 52,000 Tons of RE and 52,000 Tons of Radioactive Waste!!
The Electric Car
Great concept—Use batteries and electric motorsAverage Electric Car has >10 pounds of Rare Earth MaterialsThe Economist, 2010
1 Million E-Cars = 10 Million lbs of REMs Needed
Hydraulic Fracturing
VS Rare Earth’s From China
“Freaking” Rare Earths!!
Fracking
Fukashima
Foreign Oil
The 4 F’s of Our Energy-Pick Your Poison!
3 Laws of Energy (Thermodynamics)—The Good, The Bad & The UglyThere is No Free Energy—Always a PriceWith Any Energy Use -There is Always Waste/PollutionOh...And You Must Use Energy!
Our Real Energy Dilemma
Global Sellers-Buyers
What will the U.S. be by 2030?
International Visitors22 Countries
The World Wants to Know More About It!!
Known Shales Worldwide
Who’s against U.S. Nat Gas Exports?
Others??
Import or Export?
ForeignOil & Rare Earths??
DomesticOil & Nat Gas?
Our Energy Dial
-$$ -$$
Oil and refined Products
Gas Hydrates
Methane Ice in sedimentsSources = deep strata and bacteria
USGS estimates 2x Fossil Fuels!!
ExxonMobil Energy Outlook to 2040
• Natural Gas to Outpace all Energy Sources through 2040 increasing by 65%.
• Global Demand for Natural Gas will increase by over 200 Bcf/day.
• U.S. to be a net Nat Gas Exporter by 2020!
Nat Gas to Hydrogen: The Energy End Game
• Produce All Of Our Energy Needs By 2030
• Export More Nat Gas, Oil & Refined Products
• Tax Imported Oil--$$
• Sell Energy to Our Friends--$$
• Use $$ to: Invest in Energy Infrastructure
• AND Develop Cleaner Technologies & Solutions
• Secure A Sustainable, Cleaner Energy Future
An Energy Strategy-“It isn’t Rocket Science”
The Key is Energy Education Texas Natural Gas Foundation—TXNG.ORG
Working with UT Stem Center for Teacher Education
Promote “Fair and Balanced” Energy Education in Texas
Developing 3 Modules for Free Use in Texas Grades 8-12 (up to 8 planned)
The Truth about “All Texas Energy Sources
Plans to go National!!
2 Books to Read!!
Dr. Ken Morgan, Directorwww.energyinstitute.tcu.edu
TXNG.ORG