ATM Research in Japan. Collaboration among industry, academia and government; 2. Collaboration between operators and air navigation service providers; 3. International collaboration

ATM Research in Japan

13 June 2013

Yutaka Fukuda

Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB)

CARATS R&D Sub-Committee

Air Traffic Management Department Electronic Navigation Research Institute

10th USA/Europe ATM R&D Seminar

Contents

♦CARATS：Long-term Vision

Outline and Roadmap

Implemented measures

Promoting R&D

♦R&D at ENRI

ATM Research Topics

CNS Research Topics

♦Conclusions

Long-Term Vision of Future Air Traffic Systems in Japan

～Changes to intelligent air traffic systems～

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

CARATS ：Collaborative Actions for Renovation of Air Traffic Systems http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/000128185.pdf

“CARATS Progress Report 2011-2013” will be published soon.

Slides of CARATS are by courtesy of Japan Civil Aviation Bureau

CARATS Collaborative Actions for Renovation of Air Traffic Systems

Related Gov. authorities

ICAO, Europe US, Asia

Government

Research institutes CAB

Industry Operator

Military

Local communities

Universities

Aviation-related manufacturers

Academia

For effective and efficient work on our future ATM systems, we need, 1. Collaboration among industry, academia and

government; 2. Collaboration between operators and air

navigation service providers; 3. International collaboration to realize seamless

air traffic; 4. Collaboration among co-users of air space

(Civil, Military); and 5. Collaboration with local communities

What’s “CARATS” ? P4

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Civil Aviation Bureau Japan

Outline of CARATS Goals setting toward

2025

1. Enhance safety 5 times Safety

2. Increase ATC capacity Double Capacity

3. Improve user convenience +10% Service level

4. Efficient Operation -10% Fuel Consumption

5. Enhance ATM service efficiency +50% Productivity

6. Respond to Environmental issue -10% CO2 emission

7. Strengthen International Cooperation

Eight Pillar of Renovations

Trajectory based Operation

Enhance Predictability

Satellite based Navigation

Improve Situational Awareness

Automation System and Human

Information Sharing & CDM

Realizing the renovation

Lay out a roadmap, representing step-by-step implementation of the measures required to build the future air traffic systems Clarify the roles of the industry, academy and government partners. Consider and set index for achievement analysis of numerical goals .

Performance base Operation

High Density Operation

P5


Civil Aviation Bureau Japan

OI

XXXXX XXXXX

Already operated policy

Measures that is not clarified as OI/EN yet and will be studied further.

Implementation Decision Making (with two or more directions)

Implementation Decision Making

Research and Development other related activities need to be done before implementation decision making.

Preparation for Implementation (Measures can be implemented after this period)

EN

Legend of CARATS roadmap

Establishment of Roadmap Category

Sub-Category

MeasureID

Measure name 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 >2025

OI-1 Variable sector boundaries

OI-2 Dynamic use of training airspace

OI-3Dynamic variable use of terminalairspace

OI-4Vertically seperated airspace (High /Low airspace)

OI-5 Free routing for high altitude airspace

OI-6 Dynamic variable airspace organization

OI-7 Airspace organization suitable for TBO

OI-8 Flow corridor

OI-9Accurate and flexible procedures fordepartures, arrivals and approaches

OI-10RNP operations with high accuracyincluding "time" element

OI-11Low altitude en-routes for generalaviation

OI-12Departure/arrival/approach proceduressuitable for general aviation

OI-13 CDO and CCO

OI-14Shared trajectories, weatherinformation and constraints for aircraftoperations

OI-15Collaborative coordination of trajectriesprior to the flight operations

OI-16Enhanced traffic management usingCFDTs for multiple points based on thetrajectory data

OI-17Conflict-free trajectries from gate togate

OI-18Time-based management using CFDTsat single points (Intial CFDT operations)

OI-19 Time-based metering at merging points

OI-20Conflict detection using the trajectoryinformation

OI-21Shared trajectory data via datalink /FLIPCY、FLIPINT、4DTRAD

OI-22Real time trajectory revision supportedby automation systems

OI-23Improved efficiency of aerodromeoperations

OI-24Improved airport facilities to enhancethroughput of airports

OI-25Improved throughput for closelyseparated parallel runways

OI-26Reduced wake turbulence separationminima

OI-27Reduced separation minima for highdensity airspace (3NM for enroute)

OI-28Reduced separation minima for oceanicairspace

OI-29-1Improved capacity of ATC usingdatalink for routine communications /ATC clearance (airport) - DCL, D-TAXI

OI-29-2

Improved capacity of ATC usingdatalink for routine communications /ATC clearance (enroute) - continentalCPDLC

OI-29-3

Improved capacity of ATC usingdatalink for routine communications /Flight information services - D-ATIS,D-OTIS, D-RVR, D-HZWX

OI-30-1Air-to-air surveillance (ASAS) /ATSA-ITP operations

OI-30-2Air-to-air surveillance (ASAS) /ATSA-AIRB operations (1090ES)

OI-30-3Air-to-air surveillance (ASAS) /ATSA-AIRB Operations (UAT/TIS-B)

OI-30-4Air-to-air surveillance (ASAS) /ATSA-VSA operations

OI-30-5Air-to-air surveillance (ASAS) /ASPA-IM opeartions

OI-31 Enhanced information in the cockpit

OI-32Improved information services foraircraft operators

Post-flight

Sharing andutilizingsafetyrelated

information

OI-33Sharing and utilizing safety relatedinformation

Airspace

organization

Flexible useof airspace

Performancebased

operations

Pre-flightCollaborative

trajectorygenerations

In-flightImproved

informationservices

In-flight

Real-timetrajectoryupdates

Highdensity

operations

In-flightHigh

densityoperations

CDO

Optimazation of off-block time (Introducing TSAT)

CCO

RNAV1/2

RNP 0.3

RNP AR Approach

RNP AR Departure

Advanced RNP

Curved precision Approach

PinS

LP

DMAN, AMAN, SMAN

Detection/prediction of wake turbulence

Reflected wind data to separation minima

accumulation/analysis/evaluation of acquired safety information

Real time risk management

Aeronautical information

Terrain / obstacle information

Provided effective information to operators

FLIPCY

FLPINT

4DTRAD

Enhancement using ASAS

Traffic information

Weather information

D-TAXI (VDL mode2/AOA)

D-TAXI (VDL mode2/ATN)

DCL (Revised)DCL (now implementing)

Continental CPDLC (FANS compliant)

Continental CPDLC (VDL mode2/ATN)

VDL mode2/ATN compliant (enhancement)

D-ATIS （VDL mode2/ATN）

D-OTIS

D-RVR/HZWX

D-ATIS （already operational）

ATSA-AIRB(TIS-B)

ATSA-AIRB(UAT)

ATSA-AIRB

ATSA-ITP

ATSA-VSA

ASPA-IM

Time-based metering

Efficient overall aerodrome operations

Development and evaluation of Software applications for Trajectory

based operations

Study on precision approach procedures suitable for general aviation

Monitoring the International standardization status /R&Ds


R&Ds and evaluations on ATSA-AIRB(TIS-B)

R&Ds and evaluations on ATSA-AIRB(UAT)

R&Ds and evaluations on ATSA-AIRB(1090ES)

R&Ds and evaluations on ATSA-ITP

R&Ds and evaluations on ATSA-VSA

R&Ds and evaluations on ASPA-IM


Monitoring the International standardization status / R&Ds

Study on real time risk management

Implement SSP

R&Ds and evaluations on the techniques to mitigate the impact of wake turbulence

CategoryMeasure

IDMeasure name 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 >2025

EN-2 Information management infrastructure

EN-3 Information sharing infrastructure

EN-4Improved weather observationcapabilities

EN-5 Improved weather forecast capabilities

EN-6Quantification of the impact of severeweather on capacity and other aircraftoperations

EN-7Facilitation of satellite basednavigations for all flight phases

EN-8(Curved) precision approaches usingsatellite navigation capabilities

EN-9-1Improved surveillance coverage for lowaltitude airspace (WAM and/or ADS-B(UAT) for general aviation)

EN-9-2Improved surveillance capabilities(WAM)

EN-9-3Improved surveillance capabilities(ADS-B)

EN-9-4Improved surveillance capabilities(MSPSR)

EN-10Improved surveillance capabilities foraerodrome operations

EN-11Improved parallel runway monitoringcapabilities (PRM)

EN-12 Utilization of aircraft derived data

EN-13Downlink of weather observation datafrom aircraft

Surveillance

Informationmanagement

EN-1 Enhancement of automation systems

Weatherinformation

Navigation

Fast time simulation capability to evaluate airspace and traffic flow (OI-1,3,6)

Evaluation capability of dynamic use of training airspace (OI-2)

Traffic flow prediction and operation support capabilities needed for the "flexible use of airspace" operations (OI-3,6)

Calculation capablily of optimal climb/descent profiles (OI-13)

4D trajectory calculation(OI-15,17)

Sharing and coodination capabiliy of 4D trajectory (OI-15)

Traffic management with high time accuracy (OI-16,18)

Time-based metering capability (OI-19)

Pre-flight optimization of 4D trajectory (OI-17)

Conflict detection capabilities (OI-20)

ATC decision support capabilities using aircraft derived data (OI-20,22)

Scheduling capability for aerodrome operations (OI-23)

Decisions on SBAS and GBAS will be made in the flamework of conprehensive study on the next

generation satellite system.

DME/DME/(IRU), GPS(ABAS)

SBAS

ADS-B

MSPSR

WAM (enroute)

WAM (airport)

WAM

ADS-B(UAT)low altitude

SWIM-like capability

FODBFF-ICE

4D weather database

Digital NOTAM

SWIM (Initial Operation Capabilities)

SWIM（SOA）

GIS database

Integrated/improved observed weather data around airports

Utilization of weather data observed by aircraft

Decisions will be made based on the users' demands.

Improved weather forecast accuracy using enhanced observation data

Improved update rates and resolutions of weather forecast data using enhanced weather forecast models

New forecast information

Quantification of weather forecast error

DAPs for SSR

DAPs for WAM

ADS-B (enroute)

1090ES ADS-B (airprot)

DAPs for SSR

DAPs for SSR

ADS-B (aerodrome)

ATSA-SURF

WAM(PRM)

Augmentation of ADS-B

R&Ds and evaluations on GBAS CAT-I

R&Ds and evaluations on GBAS (TAP)

R&Ds and evaluations on GBAS CAT-II/III

R&Ds and evaluations on WAM (enroute)

R&Ds and evaluations on WAM (airport)

R&Ds and evaluations on DAPs for SSR

R&Ds and evaluations on DAPs for WAM

Establish SWIM governance

R&Ds and evaluations on existent/new weather observation sensors

R&Ds and evaluations on improvements of volcanic ash observation techniques

R&Ds to identify the relation between weather data and aircraft operations

R&Ds to identify the relation between aircraft operations and airspace/airport capacity

R&Ds and evaluations on DAPs for SSR

R&Ds and evaluations on ADS-B (enroute)

R&Ds and evaluations on 1090ES ADS-B (airport)

R&Ds and evaluations on 4DT operations using DAPs for SSR

R&Ds and evaluations on ADS-B (aerodrome)

R&Ds and evaluations on ATSA-SURF

R&Ds and evaluations on augmentation of ADS-B

R&Ds and evaluations on ADS-B

R&Ds and evaluations on MSPSR

Real time provision capability of revised trajectories (OI-22)

Decisions will be made based on the users' demands.

R&Ds and evaluations on UAT (airport) UAT (airprot)

P6

To develop future ATS in organized manner based on the Long-term Vision, we established CARATS roadmap in March 2011 by working with related stakeholders. We clarified 55 measures to achieve the Long-term Vision. We grouped the 55 measures into Operational Improvements (OIs) and their Enablers (ENs).


Sample of implemented measure ①: Time-based management using CFDTs (Initial CFDT operations) P7

Yellow line: Managed flight

Flight paths Extended length of flight paths (Border line: Taking)

Not taking Taking

ACC controls time of passage over each fix, streamline air traffic flow, and avoid traffic concentration. At first, time-based management will be applied to domestic flight arriving to busy airports.

Evaluating effects with ENRI now.

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Sample of implemented measure ②: Accurate and flexible procedures for departures, arrivals and approaches P8

Sample of flight path (Odate-Noshiro Airport: RNP AR approach)

RNAV1: 30 Basic-RNP1: 5 (# of Airports)

RNP Approach: 15 RNP AR Approach: 10 RNAV(GNSS): 16 (# of RWY Ends)

RNAV1: 26 (# of Airports)

SID/TR（Departures） STAR（Arrivals）

Approaches

2013/3/7

Implemented RNAV/RNP procedures for departures, arrivals and approaches

Runway

Efficient and Flexible routing

RNP AR approach

By utilizing improved precision of aircraft navigation performance and precise airborne equipment, we introduce RNP AR approach procedures allows efficient and flexible routing.

Assumed benefits are reduced route expansion, higher airspace capacity, and noise abatement.

Akita Airport

Odate-Noshiro Airport

Usual

The Sea of Japan


Current Topics • Trajectory-based ATM Operation

– 4DT Concept applied to Japanese airspace

• SWIM: System Wide Information Management – Steps towards gradual implementation

• Data-link communication – Air-to-ground Data-Link in continental airspace

P9

軌道ベースのATM運用

運航者の希望する自由度の高い飛行軌道を実現

運航前からの協調的な軌道調整により、遅延の最小化

統合された管制情報処理システム

混雑空域において、効率的な降下方式や高密度運航を実現

（正確な時間管理等により、整然と飛行するとともに、位置、時間の予見精度を向上し、航空機間隔を短縮）

全体を１つの空域として捉え、出発から到着までの軌道を最適化

Trajectory-based ATM Operation Treat the whole airspace as an airspace and optimize the trajectory from departure to arrival

Fly smoothly based on accurate time control, etc., improve precision of predicting position and time and reduce separation between aircraft

Minimized delay due to coordinated trajectory

adjustment prior to departure

Attain flexible trajectory requested by operator

Achieve efficient descent and high-density operation in congested airspace

Integrated ATC data processing system


Japanese R&D Stakeholders P10

ENRI, JAXA and manufacturers have been main R&D stakeholders in Japan.

There are very few university researchers.

大学

研究交流・

研究施設の相互利用

研究機関

研究開発・分析・評価等

研究成果の実用化支援

実用上のニーズを提示

運航データの提供

航空局

運航者幅広い

基礎技術の研究

Civil Aviation Bureau Support for research and

development, analysis and assessment, for practical

application of research results

Universities

Research on a wide range of basic technologies Operators

Presenting practical needs Provides navigation data

ENRI, JAXA and other research institutes

Research exchanges Mutual exploitation of

research facilities Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism


Promoting R&D P11

Sub-committee for Promoting Research and Development

Sample issues: Limited human resources of research

institutes Research funding for universities University education in ATM field Consolidation of aviation-related

manufacturers’ opinions Providing air navigation system data or

operational data for research purposes Cooperation with other countries’ research

institutes


Japanese R&D Organizations

MEXT (Ministry of Education,

Culture, Sports, Science and Technology)

MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport

and Tourism)

JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration

Agency)

ENRI (Electronic Navigation Research Institute)

JCAB (Japan Civil Aviation Bureau)

Universities

Government Research Organizations

Tokyo University Nagoya University

Tokyo Inst. Tech. Etc.

P12

Industry

NEC

NTT Data

Toshiba

Mitsubishi Electric

Oki Electric Industry

Japan Radio Co.

Etc.

Introduction to ENRI ♦ ENRI is responsible for research and

development in the field of ATM in Japan

Established in 1967 as a national laboratory

Budget: 1.6 billion yen (FY2013)

Personnel: 65 (47 researchers)

♦Major Research Areas

Air Traffic Management

Navigation systems

Surveillance and Communication

http://www.enri.go.jp/eng/index_e.htm

P13

ATM Research Topics (1)

•Full 4D TBO concept creation •Trajectory Predictor development

P14

Trajectory Based Operations Airport Operations

•Airport Surface Movement Simulator •Scheduling methods to alleviate airport surface congestion


Optimization of Oceanic Track System including Arrival Route with CDO

•Joint Airborne time-spacing Design Evaluation (JADE) •Aircraft Surveillance Applications System (ASAS), Interval Management (IM)

P15

Oceanic Route Optimization Aircraft Surveillance Applications System (ASAS)


•Current Japanese ATM performance measurement •Performance estimation of new measures

P16

ATM Performance estimation

Development of Process Visualization Tool of ATC Tasks (COMPASi)

•Improvement of controller training •Evaluation of new air traffic management system and procedures

Communication Research Topics

Development of experimental 5 GHz (C-band) prototype with MIMO antenna system

L-DACS : L band Data link Aeronautical Communication System MIMO : Multiple-Input Multiple-Output

Future Aeronautical High Speed Data Links

P17

Aeronautical Mobile Airport Communication System (AeroMACS)

Evaluation of emission quality and data transmission performance of new data links (e.g. L-DACS)

Navigation Research Topics

GBAS facility and Boeing 787 at Kansai Airport

GBAS Ground Based Augmentation System

Ionosphere Density (12JST)

•CAT-Ⅲ GBAS (GBAS Approach Service Type D (GAST-D) ) •Landing Procedures of Precision Approach along Curved Path

P18

Japanese-developed CAT- I GBAS system with Ionosphere field monitor

Surveillance Research Topics

Foreign object debris (FOD) detection Millimeter wave radar

90GHz linear cell

Hybrid Surveillance Technology •Data Integration of conventional and new system ・Wide Area Multilateration (WAM) system ・Automatic Dependent Surveillance– Broadcast (ADS-B)

Advanced En-route Surveillance

P19

Main Facilities

Radio Anechoic Chamber

Experimental Mode-S Radar

King Air 350

Experimental Aircraft

P20

International Collaboration ♦ Joint research between

International ATM/CNS research institutes and Japan NLR, NASA, ENAC, University of Nice-

Sophia Antipolis, KARI, KOTI, KAU, etc.

♦ ENRI International workshop on ATM/CNS (EIWAC) 2013 ICAO, FAA, DSNA, DGAC, AAPA,

IATA, NASA, etc. 500 Participants （foreign 80)

43 Presentations (foreign 28)

P21

KARI: Korea Aerospace Research Institute KOTI: Korea Transport Institute KAU: Korea Aerospace University AAPA: Association of Asia Pacific Airlines

Conclusions

♦ CARATS, JCAB long-term vision Eight Pillar of Renovations on ATM/CNS CARATS road maps to realize the concepts Sub-committee for Promoting Research and

Development ♦ ENRI major research topics on ATM/CNS

TBO, Airport operation, Oceanic Route Optimization, ASAS, ATM performance, Visualization Tool of ATC Tasks

High Speed Data Links, GBAS, Hybrid Surveillance, FOD detection

♦ ENRI is contributing to CARATS in both near and long term basis.

P22

Documents

ATM Research in Japan. Collaboration among industry, academia and government; 2. Collaboration between operators and air navigation service providers; 3. International collaboration