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ATUL LOKE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Protesters in Srinagar, in Indian-controlled Kashmir, on Thursday. The region has been on virtual house arrest all week. Page A6.Turmoil in Kashmir

HOTAN, China — The muscu-lar young Uighur man sat uncom-fortably, glancing occasionally atthree Chinese officials in theroom, as he described his state-mandated salvation in a re-educa-tion camp.

The man, Abduweili Kebayir,25, explained how watching Is-lamic videos on his phone landedhim in one of China’s notorious in-doctrination camps for Muslimsfor eight months — and how heemerged in January as a reformedman.

“Now I know the error of myways,” he said, as his wife anddaughter shuffled nervouslyaround the living room. The room,like the rest of the eerily sparse

house where officials who ar-ranged the meeting said he lived,seemed almost staged, decoratedwith a family portrait, a pottedplastic plant and a wall clock thathad stopped.

His words at times sounded asrigidly scripted as the govern-ment’s propaganda. “Now I knowwhat is right and wrong, and whatis legal and illegal,” he said.

In late July, the governmentsaid most detainees had been re-leased from the indoctrinationcamps built to eliminate what itdescribed as the threat of Islamicradicalism and antigovernmentsentiment among the overwhelm-ingly Muslim population of Ui-ghurs in the Xinjiang region inChina’s northwest.

But reporters from The NewYork Times found, over sevendays of traveling through the re-gion, that the vast network of de-tention camps erected by the gov-ernment of China’s authoritarian

China RetainsSecret Camps

For Muslims By CHRIS BUCKLEY

and STEVEN LEE MYERS

Abduweili Kebayir, right, spentmonths in a detention camp.

GILLES SABRIÉ FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page A6

SEATTLE — The companycalled One Concern has the char-acteristics of a buzzy, promisingSilicon Valley start-up: youngfounders from Stanford, tens ofmillions of dollars in venture capi-tal and a board with prominentnames.

Its niche is disaster response.And it markets a way to use artifi-cial intelligence to address one ofthe most vexing issues for emer-gency responders: figuring outwhere people need help in time tosave them.

That promise to bring newsmarts and resources to an anach-ronistic field has generated ex-citement. Arizona, Pennsylvaniaand the World Bank have enteredinto contracts with One Concernover the past year. New York Cityand San Jose, Calif., are in talkswith the company. And a Japanesecity recently became One Con-cern’s first overseas client.

But when T. J. McDonald, whoworks for Seattle’s office of emer-gency management, reviewed asimulated earthquake on the com-pany’s damage prediction plat-form, he spotted problems. A pop-ular big-box store was grayed outon the web-based map, meaningthere was no analysis of the condi-tions there, and shoppers andworkers who might be in dangerwould not receive immediate helpif rescuers relied on One Con-cern’s results.

“If that Costco collapses in themiddle of the day, there’s going tobe a lot of people who are hurt,” hesaid.

The error? The simulation, thecompany acknowledged, missedmany commercial areas becausedamage calculations relied large-ly on residential census data.

One Concern has marketed itsproducts as lifesaving tools foremergency responders afterearthquakes, floods and, soon,wildfires. But interviews and doc-uments show the company has of-ten exaggerated its tools’ abilitiesand has kept outside experts fromreviewing its methodology. In ad-dition, some features are availableelsewhere at no charge, and data-hungry insurance companies —whose interests can diverge fromthose of emergency workers —are among One Concern’s biggestinvestors and customers.

Some critics even suggest that

A Tech AnswerTo Disaster AidIs Falling Short

By SHERI FINK

Continued on Page A14

DES MOINES — The pack ofcheering voters, sweating report-ers and snapping cameras sur-rounding Joe Biden made its waythrough the Iowa State Fair like apulsating amoeba, consuming ev-

eryone and everything in its path.“Do you like being the front-

runner?” a reporter shoutedThursday afternoon. “What aboutcalling President Trump a whitesupremacist, like Senator Eliza-beth Warren did?”

“You just want me to say thewords so I sound like everybodyelse,” Mr. Biden said, a flash of an-

ger in his voice. “I’m not every-body else. I’m Joe Biden. I’m stay-ing the way I am.”

This summer has been full ofpredictions about an early Bidendemise as a presidential candi-date, be it from a poor debate per-formance or some gaffes, like hiscomment Thursday that “poorkids” are just as bright as “white

kids.” But Mr. Biden has re-bounded repeatedly, maintaininga commanding, crowd-drawingposition in the contest.

Now, as he works to solidify thatlead, a new political dynamic isenergizing and clarifying the pur-pose of Senator Warren, SenatorBernie Sanders, Senator Kamala

Trying to Catch Biden, Democrats Descend on Iowa State Fair

This article is by Lisa Lerer, Syd-ney Ember and Reid J. Epstein.

A kernel poll of Democratic candidates at the Iowa State Fair in Des Moines. The fair is the unofficial start of the fall campaign season.ERIN SCHAFF/THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page A11

WEST END VILLAGE, Anguil-la — Sunset is as much a part ofthe package at the Malliouhanaresort hotel as the warm face tow-els at check-in and morning yogaon the beach. Guests gather atplush patio sofas, tented cabanas,poolside lounges, bar stools andday beds, signature rum punchesin hand, to watch a daily naturaloccurrence as if it were a block-buster show.

But a violent death at the resorthas rattled its tranquil rhythmsand brought unwanted scrutiny tothe resort, specifically to the doormarked 49 and the bathroomwithin.

What happened on April 13 hasriled the small island’s populationand has raised uncomfortablequestions about class, privilege

and the deference shown to tour-ists, who drive the local economy.At the same time, as the narrativeof events unfolds, those very tour-ists are left reconsidering as-sumptions about personal safetyonce taken for granted in this idyl-lic setting.

On a Saturday afternoon inApril, a maintenance worker ar-rived at Room 49. He had not beensummoned by the guest withinthe suite, a trader with UBS In-vestment Bank from Connecticut,on vacation with his wife, Kallie,and their three young children.The worker, Kenny Mitchel, 27,said he had come to fix a sink, andthe guest, Gavin Scott Hapgood,44, let him in.

The two men almost immedi-

Death at an American’s HandsRattles an Idyllic Caribbean Isle

By MICHAEL WILSON

Continued on Page A18

WASHINGTON — In 2013,Donald J. Trump said he sup-ported background checks for gunpurchases to “weed out thesickos.” Two years later, as he pre-pared to run for president, he flip-flopped, telling Ammoland maga-zine that he opposed expandedchecks because they don’t work.

It is a recurring pattern.As president, Mr. Trump

changed his mind again in 2018 af-ter the high school shooting inParkland, Fla., insisting thatstronger checks would be “fullybacked” by the White House. Butthat position lasted only a fewdays, until a late-night meetingwith the National Rifle Associa-tion in the Oval Office, after whichhe backed off his support and laterthreatened to veto a backgroundcheck bill.

On Friday, in the wake of massa-cres in El Paso and Dayton, Ohio,Mr. Trump presented himself nowas a deal-maker eager to bringDemocrats and Republicans to-gether behind tougher back-ground checks.

On Firearm Checks,Support by TrumpComes and Goes

This article is by Michael D.Shear, Maggie Haberman and Sher-yl Gay Stolberg.

In a rare interview, President Emmer-son D. Mnangagwa defended his politi-cal and economic record against criticswho say little has changed. PAGE A4

INTERNATIONAL A4-9

Zimbabwe, 2 Years After CoupThe skyscraper’s observatory now hasan official fragrance inspired by treesnative to New York State. But not ev-eryone likes the smell. PAGE A16

NEW YORK A16-18

Eau de One World TradeSarfraz Manzoor’s memoir about grow-ing up in a London suburb and findingsalvation in Bruce Springsteen’s musicis the basis for “Blinded by the Light,”which opens next week. PAGE C1

ARTS C1-6

A Movie Inspired by the Boss

The outcry over a fund-raiser for Presi-dent Trump shows how even the gymhas become a political space. PAGE B3

BUSINESS B1-7

Spin Class Gets SpunA special issue of the Travel sectionexplores vacation spots like the FloridaPanhandle, Cape Cod, Kauai, the Lakeof the Ozarks and poolside Miami.

THIS WEEKEND

America’s BeachesThe North fired two projectiles on Sat-urday, hours after President Trump saidhe got a letter from its leader. PAGE A7

More Launches in North Korea

Documents offer disturbing testimonyabout what happened in Jeffrey Ep-stein’s Palm Beach, Fla., home. PAGE B1

Inside Epstein’s Mansion

An Olympics dressage trainer at a ridingstable in New Jersey was charged withattempted murder. PAGE A17

Arrest in Rider’s Shooting

Amazon is trying to dethrone the kingof streaming stand-up, starting with anew Jim Gaffigan special. So is HBO.And don’t count out YouTube, our criticJason Zinoman writes. PAGE C1

Comedy Alternatives to Netflix

Bret Stephens PAGE A20

EDITORIAL, OP-ED A20-21People brought together by a policeshooting five years ago in Ferguson,Mo., look back. PAGE A10

NATIONAL A10-15

Galvanized by a TragedyThe trainer Bill Mott remains unsettledby the disqualification that gave hislong-shot colt the victory. PAGE B8

SPORTSSATURDAY B8-12

An Ambivalent Derby Winner

The woman, grievouslywounded in the mass shooting at aWalmart, lay on an operating ta-ble at the University Medical Cen-ter of El Paso as the chief ofsurgery, Dr. Alan Tyroch, turnedher to clean the exit wounds. Heknew what to expect, but it wasstill a horrific sight. She had twogaping holes the size of a man’sfist in her side and a third the sizeof a silver dollar where bullets hadburst from her body.

Those bullets had also shreddedher intestine. Dr. Tyroch hookedher up to a colostomy bag and afeeding tube. And he reached intoanother wound to pull out a bulletlodged in her shinbone. It hadbeen flattened by its violent im-pact into a disc the size of a quar-ter.

The tragedy in El Paso on Satur-day, carried out by a gunmanarmed with an AK-47-style rifle,and another deadly massacre onSunday in Dayton, Ohio, in whichthe gunman used an AR-15-stylepistol modified to act as a rifle, canbe measured in death tolls — 22 inEl Paso and nine in Dayton. Butthe damage done by such weap-ons is witnessed most clearly bymembers of the medical staff whocare for the wounded.

The story of their lifesavinglabors at the El Paso hospital, theonly one in a 270-mile radius pre-pared to treat complex trauma pa-tients, is one of heroics in the faceof violence, and of the doctors andnurses, who, once the adrenalinerush died down, struggled to livewith the horror of what they hadexperienced.

Some of the patients rushed tothe hospital needed more than oneoperation, like the woman treatedby Dr. Tyroch. On Saturday, sur-geons had quickly opened her ab-domen, cleaned out feces andblood, and sent her, with a tempo-rary patch over her open abdo-men, to intensive care, heavily se-dated and on a ventilator. Theyhad to work fast, clearing the op-erating room to make way forother victims. Then on Sunday, Dr.Tyroch spent three hours operat-ing on her, repairing the damageas best he could.

Six days after the shooting, doc-

tors were still trying to repair ap-palling wounds in some of thosewho survived. The suspect in theEl Paso massacre is a 21-year-oldman from a Dallas suburb whotold the police he was targetingMexicans.

Dr. Tyroch had seen woundsfrom military-style weapons be-fore, but he had never seen any-thing like the number of victimsthat showed up at his hospital onSaturday — 14 in all, most shotmore than once.

The back-to-back shootings inTexas and Ohio have led to re-

Desperate Hour in El PasoAs the Wounded Poured In

Surgeons Describe a Scramble to Save LivesAfter a Mass Shooting at a Walmart

By GINA KOLATA

Continued on Page A13

Continued on Page A12

VOL. CLXVIII . . . No. 58,415 © 2019 The New York Times Company SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 2019 Printed in Chicago $3.00

Periodic clouds and sunshine. Highsin upper 70s to lower 90s. Partlycloudy tonight. Showers north.Lows in 60s to middle 70s. Thundertomorrow. Weather map, Page A22.

National Edition