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Arts Quarter 1 – Module 7
Batik: A Traditional Art of Southeast
Asia
8
Arts – Grade 8 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 7: Batik: A Traditional Art of Southeast Asia First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Caraga Region
Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS) Office Address: J.P. Rosales Avenue, Butuan City, Philippines 8600
Tel. No.: (085) 342-8207
Telefax No.: (085) 342-5969
E-mail Address: [email protected]
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Glizette S. Torillas
Editors: Paulita L. Vernal, Lenycres V. Libres, Charito B. Cabug-os
Reviewers: Cecilia M. Saclolo, Charisma P. Anino
Illustrator: Danilo L. Galve
Layout Artist: Ivan Paul V. Damalerio
Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas
Isidro M. Biol, Jr.
Maripaz F. Magno
Josephine Chonie M. Obseñares
Ma. Teresa M. Real
Dominico P. Larong, Jr.
Gemma C. Pullos
Dulcisima A. Corvera
i
8
Arts Quarter 1 – Module 7
Batik: A Traditional Art of Southeast
Asia
ii
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Arts 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Batik: A
Traditional Art of Southeast Asia.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the
learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to Arts 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Batik: A
Traditional Art of Southeast Asia.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help
you in guiding the learners.
iii
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know
This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
What I Know
This part includes an activity that aims to check
what you already know about the lesson to
take. If you get all the answers correct (100%),
you may decide to skip this module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the
current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New
In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced
to you in various ways such as a story, a song,
a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a
situation.
What Is It
This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and skills
of the topic. You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the end of
the module.
What I Have Learned
This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do
This section provides an activity which will help
you transfer your new knowledge or skill into
real life situations or concerns.
Assessment
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level
of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities
In this portion, another activity will be given to
you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.
iv
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
References This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.
1
This module was made by the writer with the purpose of helping facilitate
learning in different situations. The writer hopes that the learner will understand how
important this module is to them and take good care as they make use of this.
This will help cultivate their capacity and talent as an artist in creating crafts
using local materials within the community. The activities here will suit their interests
and abilities and will develop them. This module contains lessons in accordance to the
competencies which are expected of them.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Create crafts that can be locally assembled with local materials, guided by local
traditional techniques (e.g batik, silk weaving, etc.). (A8PR-lc-e-1)
Unpacked Learning Competencies:
1. Design crafts that can be assembled using local materials.
2. Appreciate the importance of this arts and its contribution to the life and culture of the
Filipino people specifically Maranao.
What I Need to Know
2
What I Know
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper. ____ 1. It is an Indonesian- Malay word titik.
A. Batik
B. Drop
C. Fabric
D. Okir
____ 2. A type of batik in which the artist used a small copper container with one or
more different -sized piped.
A. Block painted
B. Block printed
C. Hand painted
D. Hand printed
____ 3. It refers to a whole repertoire of folk motifs which consists of plant forms that
figure prominently in their artwork from weaving to carving, to brass cast
pieces.
A. Batik
B. Drop
C. Okir
D. Titik
____ 4. It refers to the process of dyeing the fabric using a resist technique.
A. Dot
B. Drop
C. Point
D. Titik
____ 5. It is a traditional garment of numerous ethnic group in Mindanao.
A. malong
B. shawl
C. skirt
D. trousers
____ 6. The following are the major art forms of Maranao except.
A. Carving B. Metal works
C. Weaving D. Sculpting
____ 7. In what country does the batik originate?
A. China
B. Indonesia
C. Japan
D. Philippines
____ 8. Which of the following is not a process in making batik?
A. digital printing
B. hand -drawn
C. screen painting
D. using metal blocks
3
____ 9. It is done by welding together strips of metal to form a metal block.
A. block printed
B. hand painted
C. geometric motifs
D. free form designs
____ 10. It is dipped into the hot wax, and then it is pressed onto the fabric.
A. Hand- drawn
B. Digital printing
C. Screen printing
D. Using metal blocks
____ 11. In what particular place in Indonesia does batik originate?
A. Bali
B. Beijing
C. Jakarta
D. Java
____ 12. Why is malong important to the Maranaos?
1. Used in everyday life. 2. Used in some occasions. 3. It suppresses their culture and tradition. 4. They believed that wearing it brings good fortune.
____ 13. It refers to predominantly geometric female okir.
A. Okkil
B. Okirr
C. Okir-a-bai
D. Okir-a-dato
____ 14. Which is not true about Okir?
A. It has a pattern which are used in Maranao art.
B. It is an art depicting the indigenous originality and skill of the Maranao.
C. It is an artistic design of the Maranao native inhabitants of Southern
Philippines.
D. It reveals the distinct and original culture and civilization of Maranaos
being imitated by other culture.
____ 15. It is a pattern consisting of lines and geometric figures, such as triangles,
circles and squares, that are arranged in a repeated fashion.
A. block printed
B. hand painted
C. free form designs
D. geometric motifs
4
Lesson
1
Batik: A Traditional Art in Southeast Asia
What’s In
Let us check your knowledge from your lesson by doing this activity. Match
Column A with correct answer.
Column A Column B
1. Avalokiteshvara
2. Standing Four-armed Vishnu
3. Standing Hari-Hara
4. Krishna on Garuda
5. Deified King
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
5
Take a look at the picture! What ideas come into your mind? Describe the
picture in 5 sentences.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
What’s New
6
What is It
Southeast Asia is known for its ancient aesthetic in conventional woven fabric
(Gittinger and Lefferts 1992). Its region consists of the eleven countries: Brunei,
Cambodia(Khmer), Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Myanmar (Burma), East
Timor, Laos, Philippines and Thailand. The forms of textiles, clothing and their designs
are remarkably similar in spite of the differences in language, culture and religion.
Batik is an ancient art that has been handed down for thousands of years. It is
an art medium and methodology for creating design, usually on cloth, by applying wax
to portions of the material and then dyeing it, then removing the wax. This can be done
to make vibrant colors and incredible designs. It is said to be wide spread in Middle
East, Africa, Indonesia, Malaysia, China, Thailand, Philippines, India and more.
Philippine arts reflect the diverse cultural influences and traditions of its society
since it is inhabited by different ethnic groups. It is divided into three islands namely:
Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. Mindanao is home to different ethnic groups such as
Lumads, Maranao, Tausug, etc. Maranao culture is known for the exuberance and
vitality of its art forms. Their major art forms are carving, weaving and metalwork. Their
artworks include Sarimanok and Okir. Maranao arts and crafts are unrecognizable
without mentioning the “malong” an important part of their traditional clothing.
Machine-made printed cotton malongs made in Indonesia specifically for export to
Philippines, are commonly referred to as “batik” because the item is imported and also
a combination of different colors and patterns are used. Among traditional tribal
peoples like Maranao, malong is used in every life. The motif of their textile design is
the okir.
7
Okir is an exclusive artistic cultural heritage of the Maranaos of Lanao,
Philippines. The okir motif is an art depicting the indigenous originality and skill of the
Maranaos. It is a fine art of figuring, painting, carving and sculpturing depicting the
social and psychological identity of Maranao Society. It refers to a whole repertoire of
folk motifs which consists of plant forms that figures prominently in their artwork from
weaving to carving, to brass cast pieces. Okir design serves as significant cultural
symbols.
There are two traditions of Okir:
1. Okir-a-dato - the predominantly curvilinear male.
2. Okir-a-bai - the predominantly geometric female.
Batik is believed to be related to the Malay word titik, which means “point,” “dot”,
or “drop”. The “drop” action refers to the process of dyeing the fabric by making use of
a resist technique: covering areas of cloth with a dye resistant substance (usually hot
wax) to prevent them from absorbing colors.
8
There are two categories of batik designs:
1. Geometric motifs - is a pattern consisting of lines and geometric figures, such
as triangles, circles and squares, that are arranged in a repeated fashion.
Geometric patterns are found in many places, including art and architecture,
and they tend to be symmetrical.
2. Free form designs - the design depends on the designer and the guidelines
they use.
There are two main types of batik:
1. Hand painted – this is done through the use of canting, a small copper container
with one or more different-sized pipes.
2. Block printed – a metal block is formed by welding together strips of metal. To
make pattern, the metal block is dipped into molten wax and pressed against
the fabric.
Hand-made batik designs are created through the art of layering and mixing of
colors injected with creativity.
Batik can be done in 4 different ways:
1. Hand- drawn - the designs are drawn on the fabric with hot liquid wax by using
a metal object called CANTING.
2. Using metal blocks -metal block is dipped into the hot wax, and then it is
pressed onto the fabric.
3. Screen printing – this process commonly used synthetic threads. The most
popular mesh in general use is made of polyester.
4. Digital printing-a method of printing from a digital-based image directly to a
variety of media.
Questions:
1. What is batik?
2. How does the okir motif reveal the culture and society of the Maranao?
3. What is the contribution of Indonesian art to the life and culture of Maranao
people in the Philippines?
9
What’s More
Put a check (√) if the picture shows an example of a batik design and (X) if it
does not.
1. __________________________ 2. __________________________
3. __________________________ 4. __________________________
5. __________________________
10
Read the paragraphs below and fill in the blank/s with the correct answer.
Choose your answer in the box provided below.
Hand painted batik okir-a-bai
Okir Mindanao block printed
Titikokir-a- dato
Philippines is composed of three (3) islands named: Luzon, Visayas and
Mindanao. _________is home to different ethnic groups such as Lumads, Maranao,
and Tausug. Weaving is one of the finest works of Maranao people. One of their finest
works in weaving is malong. If you look at the design of their malong, it has a
combination of different colors and pattern called_________. This type of art
originated in Indonesia and related in Malay word_________. Thefirst type of batik
which is ________is done through the use of canting and in ________ a metal block
is formed by welding together strips of metal.
The motif of Maranao design is ________. This design serves as significant
cultural symbol. The two traditions of this design are __________which means the
predominantly curvilinear male and ___________ the predominantly geometric
female.
What I Have Learned
11
What I Can Do
Do this in your home by following the steps in making Simple Batik. Your work
will be rated using rubrics.
Materials Needed:
Silk or fabric
tjanting needle or safety pin
iron
Pencil
brush
Dye
newspaper
Procedures:
1. Stretch your silk or fabric- either with
pins and frame or using masking tape
to stick the silk/ fabric down onto
newsprint or similar shiny paper.
2. Outline your design in wax- wearing
goggles dip the tjanting tool into the
wax pot and transfer to your design and
outline your image using wax. (if you
want the outline not to be white then
paint or dry the silk before you start).
Tip: To stop the tjanting dripping use a piece
of folded towel under the end until you need to
make the lines.
12
3. Practice using the small brushes
(nylon is best) on paper before you
start or on your batik paper.
4. Add the batik dye- you only need the
primary colors as you can mix up any
color require.
5. Leave to dry and the iron between layers of newspaper or newsprint to remove
the wax from the fabric or silk.
Rubrics
Category Excellent (10 pts)
Good (6 pts)
Fair (4pts)
Poor (2 pts)
Artistic Engagement/ Effort
The student put forth extraordinary effort to complete the project as well as possible: used class time well and completed all research and critique work.
The students put forth the effort required to complete the project well and completed all research and critique work.
The student put effort required to finish the project; use some class time adequately and completed some of the research and critique work.
The student put forth limited effort or the project was not completed; class time was not used well and did not complete research and critique work.
Craftsmanship/ Skill
The artwork demonstrates original personal expression and outstanding Batik art skills.
The artwork shows good craftsman, with some attention to design, style and color relating to experimentation of Batik art.
The artwork shows average craftsmanship and average attention to design, style and color relating to experimentation of Batik art.
The artwork lacks evidence of personal expression and Batik art skills
Creativity/ Originality
The artwork demonstrates original personal expression and outstanding Batik art skills.
The artwork demonstrates some personal expression and Batik art skills
The artwork demonstrates an average amount of personal expression and Batik art skills.
The artwork lacks evidence of personal expression and Batik art skills.
13
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.
____ 2. The Southeast Asian Connection Assimilation and Adaptation sculpture is
strongly reflected in ______________ influences.
A. Indian
B. Korean
C. Indonesian
D. Cambodian
____ 1. It refers to a whole repertoire of folk motifs which consists of plant forms that
figures prominently in their artwork from weaving to carving, to brass cast
pieces.
A. Batik
B. Drop
C. Okir
D. Titik
____ 2. It is a traditional garment of numerous ethnic group in Mindanao.
A. malong
B. shawl
C. skirt
D. Trousers
____ 3. Which of the following is not a process in making batik?
A. digital printing
B. hand -drawn
C. screen painting
D. using metal blocks
____ 4. Why is malong important to the Maranaos?
A. Used in everyday life.
B. Used in some occasions.
C. It suppresses their culture and tradition.
D. They believed that wearing it brings good fortune.
____ 5. It is an Indonesian- Malay word titik.
A. Batik B. Drop
C. Fabric D. Okir
____ 6. It refers to the process of dyeing the fabric by making use of a resist
technique.
A. Dot
B. Drop
C. Point
D. Titik
Assessment
14
____ 7. The following are the major art forms of Maranao except.
A. Carving
B. Metal works
C. Weaving
D. Sculpting
____ 8. It is a pattern consisting of lines and geometric figures, such as triangles,
circles and squares, that are arranged in a repeated fashion.
A. block printed
B. hand painted
C. free form designs
D. geometric motifs
____ 9. It is dipped into the hot wax, and then it is pressed onto the fabric.
A. Hand- drawn
B. Digital printing
C. Screen printing
D. Using metal blocks
____ 10. Which is not true about okir?
A. It has a pattern which are used in Maranao art.
B. It is an art depicting the indigenous originality and skill of the Maranao.
C. It is an artistic design of the Maranao native inhabitants of Southern
Philippines.
D. It reveals the distinct and original culture and civilization of Maranaos
being imitated by other culture.
____ 11. A type of batik in which the artist used a small copper container with one or
more different -sized piped.
A. Block painted B. Block printed
C. Hand painted D. Hand printed
____ 12. In what country does the batik originate?
A. China
B. Indonesia
C. Japan
D. Philippines
____ 13. It is done by welding together strips of metal to form a metal block.
A. block printed
B. hand painted
C. geometric motifs
D. free form designs
____ 14. In what particular place in Indonesia does batik originate?
A. Bali
B. Beijing
C. Jakarta
D. Java
____ 15. It refers to predominantly geometric female okir.
A. Okkil
B. Okirr
C. Okir-a-bai
D. Okir-a-dato
15
Write Yes if the statement is true and No if it is false.
______1.Batik originated in Indonesia.
______2. Block painted is done through the use of canting.
______3. Drop refers to the process of dyeing the fabric by making use of a resist
technique.
______4. Okir is an exclusive artistic cultural heritage of the Maguindanao of
Lanao.
______5. Mindanao is home to different ethnic groups such as Lumads, Maranao
and Tausug.
______6. Covering the areas of cloth with a dye resistant substance is called resist
technique.
______7. Philippines is one of the countries in Southeast Asia.
______8. Inokir, the predominantly curvilinear female is okir-a-dato.
______9. Batik related to a Hindu word “titik”
______10. Weaving is one of the fine works of Maranao people.
Additional Activities
16
Answer Key
WHAT’S IN
6.C
7.F
8.A
9.D
10.B
WHAT I KNOW
1.A
2.C
3.C
4.B
5.A
6.D
7.B
8.C
9.A
10.D
11.C
12.A
13.C
14.D
15.D
WHAT’S
MORE
1.√
2.x
3.x
4.√
5.√
WHAT I HAVE
LEARNED
1.Mindanao
2.Batik
3.Titik
4.Hand-printed
5.Block-printed
6.Okir
7.Okir-a-dato
8.Okir-a-bai
ADDITIONAL
ACTIVITIES
1.Yes
2.No
3.Yes
4.No
5.Yes
6.Yes
7.Yes
8.No
9.No
10.Yes
ASSESSMENT
1.C
2.A
3.C
4.A
5.A
6.B
7.D
8.D
9.D
10.D
11.C
12.B
13.A
14.C
15.C
17
References
“Art How to Batik in 5 Easy Steps”. Accesed on June 24,2020, http//www.tts-
group.co.uk>blog.
“Asia, southeastern mainland: History of Dress”. Updated May 29, 2020, Accessed
on June 5, 2020, https://www.encyclopedia.com/fashion/encyclopedias-almanacs-
transcripts-and-maps/asia-southeastern-mainland-history-dress.
Avigail Love Remo. “The Philippines' "Malong" Fashion”, Accessed on June 5, 2020,
https://steemit.com/philippines/@abigailloveremo/the-philippines-malong-fashion.
Azhar. “Type of Batik”, Accessed on June 5, 2020,
https://azhard1979.wixsite.com/nordinbatik/single-post/2015/11/09/Type-of-Batik.
IllonaPoluan, “Pattern inspiration from the century-old technique of Batik”, Accessed
on June 5, 2020, https://99designs.com/about.
“iRubric: Batik Art Project Rubric”. Accessed on June 24,2020, rcampus.com.
“Malong”, Accessed on June 5, 2020, https://www. definitions.net>malong.
“Maranao arts and Crafts/ Lanao del Sur’s living Traditions. Accessed on June 24,
2020, https://www.travetrilogy.com.
Music and Arts of Asia 8 Learners Module. Pasig City: Department of Education-
Bureau of Learning Resources, 2013.
“Okir: decorative painting from the Philippines”, Accessed On June 5, 2020,
https://www.pinterest.ph/dicayredei8ht/okir/.
“Screen Printing Information”, Accessed on June 5, 2020,
https://www.barndoorscreenprinters.com/screen-printing-information/.
“Short history of batik”. Accessed on June 5, 2020,
https://www.1worldsarongs.com/shorhisofbat.html.
Tony Sugiarta. “A handy guide to the history of Indonesian batik”, Accessed on June
5, 2020, https://www.silverkris.com/history-indonesian-batik/.
“Types of batik”, Accessed on June 5, 2020,
http://www.worldbatikcouncil.com/batikhistory/typesofbatik.htm.
Unravelling the stories behind the diverse patterns of batik in Indonesia”, Updated
April 12, 2017, Accessed on June 5, 2020, https://www.silverkris.com/history-
indonesian-batik/.
“What are geometric patterns”. Accessed on June 5, 2020,
https://www.reference.com/world-view/geometric-patterns-af0486f82f4923b7.
“What is digital printing?”, Accessed on June 5, 2020, https://www.xerox.com/en-
us/digital-printing/insights/what-is-digital-printing.
18
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR) Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985 Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]
