Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology - Supplemental Material

Dental wear at macro- and microscopic scale in rabbits fed diets of different

abrasiveness: a pilot investigation

Louise F. Martin, Lisa Krause, Arlett Ulbricht, Daniela E. Winkler, Daryl Codron, Thomas M. Kaiser,

Jacqueline Müller, Jürgen Hummel, Marcus Clauss, Jean-Michel Hatt, Ellen Schulz-Kornas

Table S1 Parameter descriptionTable S2 GLM with Tukey post-hocTable S3 Descriptive statistics for tooth heightTable S4 Descriptive statistics for mesowearTable S5 Descriptive statistics for DMTA lowerTable S6 Descriptive statistics for DMTA upperTable S7 Comparison statistics for all DMTATable S8 Correlations lower teethTable S9 Correlations upper teethTable S10 Correlation non-DMTA teeth

Figure S1 Sample graph for illustrationFigure S2 Boxplot for DMTA parametersFigure S3 Correlation RTH and OrEM

Table S1 Parameter description for macroscopic wear parameters (tooth height and mesowear) and dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA).

Description Standard UnitTooth height

ATH Absolute tooth height Müller et al. (2014) mm

RTH Relative tooth height (100% equals height on lucerne diet) Müller et al. (2014) %

Mesowear (see also in methods)

CsCM Cusp shape classic (0=blunt, 1=rounded, 2= sharp)

Ulbricht et al. (2015) –

CsEM Cusp shape extended (0= blunt, 1=round-round, 2= round, 3=round-sharp, 4=sharp)

Taylor et al. (2013) –

OrCM Occlusal relief classic(1=low, 2=high)

Ulbricht et al. (2015) –

OrEM Occlusal relief extended(1=flat-negative, 2=low 3=high, 4=high-high)

Taylor et al. (2013) –

DMTAAreaSda Closed dale area ISO 25178 µm 2

Sha Closed hill area ISO 25178 µm 2

mea Mean area Motif µm 2

ComplexitySdr Developed interfacial area ratio ISO 25178 %nMotif Number of motifs Motif no unitAsfc Area-scale functional complexity SSFADensitySal Auto-correlation length (s = 0.2) ISO 25178 µmSpd Density of peaks ISO 25178 1/ µm 2

medf Mean density of furrows Furrow cm/cm2

DirectionStd Texture direction ISO 25178 –Str Texture aspect ratio (s = 0.2) ISO 25178 no unit Tr1R First direction Direction –Tr2R Second direction Direction –Tr3R Third direction Direction –IsT Texture isotropy Isotropy %epLsar Anisotropy SSFAHeightS10z Ten-point height ISO 25178 µmS5p Five-point peak height ISO 25178 µmS5v Five-point valley height ISO 25178 µmSa Arithmetic mean height or mean surface roughness ISO 25178 µmSku Kurtosis of the height distribution ISO 25178 no unitSp Maximum peak height, height between highest peak and mean plane ISO 25178 µmSq Standard deviation of the height distribution, or RMS surface roughness ISO 25178 µmSsk Skewness of the height distribution ISO 25178 no unit

Sv Maximum pit height, depth between the mean plane and the deepest valley ISO 25178 µm

Sxp Peak extreme height difference between p = 50% and q = 97.5% ISO 25178 µmSz Maximum height, height between the highest peak and the deepest valley ISO 25178 µmmeh Mean height Motif µmmadf Maximum depth of furrows Furrow µmmetf Mean depth of furrows Furrow µm

FLTt Peak to valley flatness deviation of the surface (Gaussian Filter, 0.025 mm) ISO 12781 µm

FLTp Peak to reference flatness deviation (Gaussian Filter, 0.025 mm) ISO 12781 µmFLTv Reference to valley flatness deviation (Gaussian Filter, 0.025 mm) ISO 12781 µmFLTq Root mean square flatness deviation (Gaussian Filter, 0.025 mm) ISO 12781 µmPeak sharpnessSpc Arithmetic mean peak curvature ISO 25178 1/µmPlateau sizeSmc Inverse areal material ratio (p = 10%) ISO 25178 µm

Smr Areal material ration, bearing area at given height (c= 1 µm under the highest peak) ISO 25178 µm

SlopeSdq Root mean square gradient ISO 25178 no unitVolume

Sdv Closed dale volume ISO 25178 µm 3

Shv Closed hill volume ISO 25178 µm 3

Vm Material volume at a given material ratio (p = 10%) ISO 25178 µm 3/µm 2 Vmp Material volume of the peaks ISO 25178 µm 3/µm 2 Vmc Material volume of the core at given material ratio (p = 10%, q = 80%) ISO 25178 µm 3/µm 2 Vv Void volume at a given material ratio (p = 10%) ISO 25178 µm 3/µm 2 Vvc Void volume of the core (p = 10%, q = 80%) ISO 25178 µm 3/µm 2 Vvv Void volume of the valley at a given material ratio (p = 80%) ISO 25178 µm 3/µm 2

Table S2 GLM with Tukey post hoc for macroscopic wear parameters (tooth height and mesowear) and all DMTA parameters split by upper (tx) and lower jaw (tm) in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L lucerne, G grass, GR grass and rice hulls, GRS grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter descriptions, see Table S1.

Parameter Jaw Feed post-hoc Tooth post-hoc

Tooth height F3,45 p F3,45 pATH tm 3.544 0.022 L > GRS 11.322 <0.001 p4, m2 < m1

p3 > m2, p4tx 7.692 <0.001 L, G, GR > GRS 23.129 <0.001 P3 < P4, M1

P4 > M2M1 > M2

RTH tm 3.791 0.017 G, GR > GRS 0.961 0.419tx 7.370 <0.001 L, G, GR > GRS 3.697 0.018 P3 < M2

CsEM tm 10.075 <0.001 L, G, GR > GRS 0.664 0.578tx 3.178 0.033 L > GRS 4.143 0.011 P3 < M2

OrEM tm 3.656 0.019 G, GR > GRS 1.694 0.182tx 1.591 0.205 1.709 0.179

DMTA F3,21 p F1,21 pAreaSda tm 3.398 0.037 GR < GRS 0.513 0.460

tx 2.697 0.072 0.426 0.521Sha tm 2.904 0.059 1.301 0.267

tx† 2.101 0.131 4.173 0.054mea tm 2.764 0.067 1.285 0.270

tx 2.439 0.093 0.205 0.655ComplexitySdr tm† 1.918 0.158 1.650 0.213

tx 1.520 0.238 0.235 0.633nMotif tm 3.691 0.028 L, G > GRS 2.978 0.099

tx 2.229 0.115 0.686 0.417Asfc tm 0.759 0.530 1.008 0.327

tx 0.846 0.484 0.139 0.713DensitySal tm 3.267 0.042 G < GR 0.645 0.431

tx 0.766 0.526 0.047 0.830Spd tm† 2.457 0.091 1.751 0.200

tx 1.427 0.263 1.810 0.193medf tm 3.012 0.053 GR > GRS 2.618 0.121

tx 2.216 0.116 0.010 0.921DirectionStd tm 6.446 0.003 L, GRS > GR 1.611 0.218

tx 0.674 0.578 2.693 0.116Str tm 3.633 0.030 GR > GRS 0.034 0.856

tx 1.438 0.260 0.081 0.779Tr1R tm† 5.748 0.005 L, G, GR < GRS 4.457 0.047 m1 < m2

tx 2.043 0.139 1.855 0.188Tr2R tm 0.698 0.564 2.935 0.101

tx 0.847 0.484 0.084 0.774Tr3R tm 3.450 0.035 L < GRS 2.599 0.122

tx 0.085 0.967 1.672 0.210IsT tm 0.348 0.791 0.321 0.577

tx 0.370 0.776 2.438 0.133epLsar tm 0.358 0.784 6.232 0.021 m1 < m2

tx 0.717 0.553 1.610 0.218

HeightS10z tm† 5.106 0.008 L, GR < GRS 4.540 0.045 m1 > m2

tx† 5.745 0.005 L, G < GRS 1.273 0.272S5p tm 5.496 0.006 L < GR

L, G, GR < GRS1.466 0.239

tx 11.777 <0.001 L < GRL, G, GR < GRS

0.001 0.982

S5v tm 3.227 0.043 2.346 0.141tx 1.163 0.347 1.213 0.283

Sa tm 8.472 0.001 L, G, GR < GRS 1.620 0.211tx 5.367 0.007 L, G < GRS 0.574 0.457

Sku tm 1.222 0.327 2.840 0.107tx 0.397 0.757 0.638 0.433

Sp tm 12.171 <0.001 L, G < GRS 1.577 0.223tx 7.189 0.002 L, G < GRS 3.090 0.093

Sq tm 8.868 0.001 1.830 0.191tx 5.449 0.006 L, G < GRS 0.689 0.416

Ssk tm 3.587 0.031 L < GRS 2.684 0.116tx 3.159 0.046 GR < GRS 1.601 0.220

Sv tm 4.450 0.014 G, GR < GRS 3.359 0.081tx 2.684 0.073 0.035 0.853

Sxp tm 5.850 0.005 L, G, GR < GRS 0.767 0.391tx 2.755 0.068 0.129 0.724

Sz tm 8.609 0.001 L, G, GR < GRS 2.834 0.107tx 5.083 0.008 L, G < GRS 0.961 0.338

meh tm 11.142 <0.001 L, G, GR < GRS 4.404 0.048 m1 > m2tx† 5.078 0.008 G < GRS 3.132 0.091

madf tm 3.276 0.041 GR < GRS 5.932 0.024 m1 > m2tx 1.258 0.314 0.333 0.570

metf tm 5.344 0.007 L, G, GR < GRS 1.494 0.235tx 4.042 0.020 L < GRS 0.923 0.348

FLTt tm 8.432 0.001 L, G, GR < GRS 3.489 0.076tx 5.216 0.008 L, G < GRS 1.536 0.229

FLTp tm 8.761 0.001 L, G, GR < GRS 1.575 0.223tx 7.674 0.001 L, G, GR < GRS 1.875 0.185

FLTv tm 6.425 0.003 L, G, GR < GRS 0.759 0.041 m1 > m2tx 2.439 0.093 0.929 0.346

FLTq tm 8.020 0.001 L, G, GR < GRS 2.372 0.138tx 5.021 0.009 L, G < GRS 0.429 0.520

Peak sharpnessSpc tm 1.919 0.157 0.328 0.573

tx† 2.761 0.068 0.007 0.934Pleteau sizeSmc tm 7.244 0.002 L, G, GR < GRS 4.165 0.156

tx 7.103 0.002 L, G < GRS 1.042 0.319Smr tm 12.493 <0.001 L, G, GR > GRS 2.294 0.145

tx 5.560 0.006 L, G > GRS 1.690 0.208SlopeSdq tm 2.271 0.110 1.463 0.240

tx 1.494 0.245 0.168 0.686VolumeSdv tm 3.447 0.035 G, GR < GRS 0.877 0.360

tx† 3.613 0.030 G < GRS 0.068 0.797Shv tm 6.137 0.004 L, G, GR < GRS 3.612 0.071

tx 4.290 0.016 L, G < GRS 0.354 0.558Vm tm 7.105 0.002 L, G, GR < GRS 3.464 0.077

tx 9.093 <0.001 L, G < GRS 2.539 0.126Vmp tm 7.105 0.002 L, G, GR < GRS 3.464 0.077

tx 9.039 <0.001 L, G < GRS 2.539 0.126Vmc tm 8.570 0.001 L, G, GR < GRS 1.206 0.285

tx 4.163 0.018 L < GRS 0.191 0.666Vv tm 7.203 0.002 L, G, GR < GRS 2.243 0.149

tx 6.755 0.002 L, G < GRS 0.731 0.402Vvc tm 6.664 0.002 L, G, GR < GRS 2.314 0.143

tx 7.241 0.002 L, G < GRS 0.804 0.380Vvv tm 4.037 0.021 G < GRS 1.036 0.320

tx† 2.808 0.065 0.492 0.491†residuals not distributed normallywhen using raw data; therefore, ranked data used for analysis

Table S3 Descriptive statistics (mean ±SD) of tooth height measurements for lower (p3 to m2) and upper (P3 to M2) cheek teeth in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L pelleted lucerne, G pelleted grass, GR pelleted grass and rice hulls, GRS pelleted grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter description refer to Table S1.

p3 p4Parameter L G GR GRS L G GR GRSATH mm 15.722 15.467 15.341 14.887 14.568 14.710 14.430 13.820 

±0.424 ±0.211 ±0.424 ±0.871 ±0.419 ±0.316 ±0.726 ±1.016 RTH % 100.00 101.60 99.801 98.600 100.00 104.56 100.92 97.241 

±0.000 ±0.071 ±0.067 ±0.234  ±0.000 ±0.060  ±0.041 ±0.031 m1 m2

ATH mm 15.772 15.370 15.265 14.800 14.372 13.903 14.155 13.027 ±0.761 ±0.318 ±1.400 ±1.321 ±0.504 ±0.706 ±0.682 ±0.300 

RTH % 100.00 100.22 101.53 96.814 100.00 104.92 107.59 96.248 ±0.000 ±0.038 ±0.035 ±0.093  ±0.000 ±0.036  ±0.072 ±0.054 

P3 P4Parameter L G GR GRS L G GR GRSATH mm 14.093 13.363 13.511 11.473 15.463 15.023 15.211 13.865 

±0.550 ±0.943 ±0.434 ±1.120 ±0.518 ±0.835 ±0.487 ±0.821 RTH % 100.00 101.43 101.31 84.621 100.00 101.70 100.21 93.458 

±0.000 ±0.029 ±0.019 ±0.090  ±0.000 ±0.007  ±0.196 ±0.048 M1 M2

ATH mm 15.250 14.699 14.621 14.060 13.225 13.415 12.796 13.200 ±0.604 ±1.153 ±0.225 ±0.710 ±0.468 ±0.395 ±0.237 ±0.695 

RTH % 100.00 101.74 102.04 98.664 100.00 104.35 102.40 103.12 ±0.000 ±0.016 ±0.026 ±0.001  ±0.000 ±0.069  ±0.037 ±0.021 

Table S4 Descriptive statistics (mean ±SD) of mesowear for lower (p3 to m2) and upper (P3 to M2) cheek teeth in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L pelleted lucerne, G pelleted grass, GR pelleted grass and rice hulls, GRS pelleted grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter description refer to Table S1.

p3 p4Parameter L G GR GRS L G GR GRSCsCM 2.444 2.667 2.333 1.444 2.000 2.500 2.125 1.500 

±0.384 ±0.333 ±0.385 ±0.509 ±0.500 ±0.500 ±0.250 ±0.500CsEM 2.889 2.889 2.250 1.222 2.167 2.833 2.375 1.833

±0.839 ±1.925 ±0.500 ±0.509 ±0.577 ±0.764 ±0.250  ±0.764OrCM 1.500 1.833 1.625 1.000 2.000 2.000 2.000  1.333

±0.000 ±0.289 ±0.250 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.577OrEM 2.333 2.833 2.375 1.500 2.667 2.667 3.000 0.000

±0.289 ±0.764 ±0.479 ±0.500 ±1.156 ±0.577 ±1.155  ±0.000m1 m2

CsCM 2.667 2.500 2.375 1.500 2.333 2.500 2.000 1.833 ±0.577 ±0.500 ±0.250 ±0.500 ±0.288 ±0.500 ±0.408 ±0.577

CsEM 2.833 3.000 2.750 1.500 2.500 2.667 2.000 1.833±0.764 ±0.866 ±0.500 ±0.500 ±0.500 ±0.577 ±0.000  ±1.041

OrCM 1.667 2.000 2.000 1.677 2.500 2.000 1.175 2.000 ±0.577 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.577 ±0.500 ±0.000 ±0.500 ±0.000

OrEM 2.333 3.000 3.500 2.667 3.000 3.333 3.000 2.000±1.155 ±1.000 ±1.000 ±0.577 ±1.000 ±1.155 ±0.817  ±0.000

P3 P4Parameter L G GR GRS L G GR GRSCsCM 1.167 1.000 1.125 1.000 2.000 1.333 1.625 1.000 

±0.289 ±0.000 ±0.250 ±0.000 ±0.866 ±0.577 ±0.946 ±0.000CsEM 0.667 0.667 0.250 0.000 2.333 0.667 1.250 0.333

±0.289 ±0.288 ±0.288 ±0.000 ±0.144 ±0.764 ±1.658  ±0.577OrCM 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.333 1.000 1.000  1.000

±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.577 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000OrEM 0.333 0.333 0.500 0.000 1.333 0.000 0.750 0.333

±0.577 ±0.577 ±1.000 ±0.000 ±1.155 ±0.000 ±0.957  ±0.577M1 M2

CsCM 1.833 1.333 1.375 1.000 1.667 2.667 2.125 1.167 ±1.041 ±0.577 ±0.250 ±0.000 ±0.289 ±0.577 ±0.629 ±0.289

CsEM 1.500 1.333 1.375 0.667 1.333 3.000 2.000 0.500±1.500 ±1.443 ±0.946 ±0.288 ±0.577 ±1.000 ±1.000  ±0.866

OrCM 1.333 1.333 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.333 1.250  1.000±0.577 ±1.527 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.577 ±0.500 ±0.000

OrEM 1.333 0.333 0.750 0.333 0.667 2.000 1.000 0.3330.577 ±0.577 ±0.500 ±0.577 ±1.155 ±1.000 ±0.817  ±0.577

Table S5 Descriptive statistics (mean ±SD) of all DMTA parameters for lower m1 and m2 of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L pelleted lucerne, G pelleted grass, GR pelleted grass and rice hulls, GRS pelleted grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter description refer to Table S1.

m1 m2Parameter L G GR GRS L G GR GRSAreaSda 28.525 29.155 38.275 54.718 34.301 23.350 34.116 44.189

±8.259 ±5.856 ±7.685 ±22.925 ±14.871 ±7.827 ±14.259 ±20.636Sha 36.137 27.007 37.546 67.875 23.355 28.638 34.755 45.743

±18.853 ±5.137 ±10.729 ±47.301 ±1.602 ±4.323 ±14.894 ±20.429mea 50.532 48.757 61.815 87.222 44.234 45.884 49.632 70.402

±24.043 ±13.118 ±17.066 ±46.335 ±15.424 ±5.774 ±20.894 ±26.388ComplexitySdr 4.099 5.027 3.904 5.154 3.965 2.672 3.367 5.825

±1.115 ±1.832 ±0.285 ±2.373 ±0.298 ±0.973 ±0.840 ±1.742nMotif 37.667 34.667 28.000 21.667 40.667 42.833 36.750 25.833

±12.003 ±7.974 ±6.416 ±8.977 ±12.790 ±6.110 ±12.038 ±10.066Asfc 7.604 9.413 7.096 8.063 7.487 5.132 6.238 9.319

±1.686 ±3.595 ±0.942 ±3.420 ±0.245 ±1.470 ±1.974 ±4.112DensitySal 4.406 4.116 4.866 5.261 4.428 4.154 4.954 4.385

±0.659 ±0.249 ±0.279 ±1.115 ±0.258 ±0.308 ±0.241 ±0.381Spd 0.021 0.020 0.015 0.012 0.023 0.023 0.020 0.013

±0.009 ±0.007 ±0.005 ±0.007 ±0.009 ±0.005 ±0.006 ±0.005medf 4735.11 4661.43 4789.96 4560.21 4854.40 4843.75 4845.29 4607.35

±166.15 ±195.93 ±121.48 ±222.49 ±90.91 ±114.62 ±171.74 ±187.35DirectionStd 70.041 54.879 44.129 76.833 61.422 52.460 43.846 62.205

±8.835 ±8.884 ±4.938 ±9.223 ±24.034 ±19.106 ±5.222 ±12.838Str 0.632 0.529 0.663 0.335 0.499 0.592 0.592 0.459

±0.093 ±0.078 ±0.124 ±0.115 ±0.157 ±0.127 ±0.101 ±0.209Tr1R 51.171 61.779 57.162 90.001 41.942 43.698 44.999 73.680

±5.345 ±29.121 ±22.735 ±0.001 ±23.092 ±20.491 ±0.003 ±5.350Tr2R 68.824 49.415 52.938 42.492 67.505 66.624 67.823 62.425

±29.022 ±16.332 ±9.420 ±18.594 ±28.297 ±29.763 ±10.987 ±13.256Tr3R 43.707 49.962 57.569 66.177 26.327 50.424 48.678 55.591

±11.253 ±9.215 ±13.518 ±22.621 ±11.663 ±6.930 ±18.750 ±18.337IsT 69.255 71.749 69.073 66.871 72.069 60.906 68.957 67.096

±4.663 ±5.492 ±4.553 ±7.742 ±10.431 ±12.685 ±10.747 ±6.939epLsar 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.017 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018

±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.001 ±0.001 ±0.001 ±0.000 ±0.001HeightS10z 1.368 1.484 1.321 1.785 1.192 1.114 1.127 1.800

±0.580 ±0.402 ±0.090 ±0.454 ±0.073 ±0.235 ±0.044 ±0.306S5p 0.472 0.583 0.531 0.822 0.369 0.470 0.379 0.834

±0.173 ±0.327 ±0.099 ±0.377 ±0.036 ±0.222 ±0.090 ±0.197S5v 0.893 0.882 0.797 0.973 0.874 0.593 0.732 0.973

±0.367 ±0.138 ±0.100 ±0.101 ±0.087 ±0.051 ±0.050 ±0.103Sa 0.256 0.307 0.300 0.428 0.264 0.209 0.252 0.429

±0.053 ±0.042 ±0.035 ±0.156 ±0.038 ±0.098 ±0.009 ±0.058Sku 3.356 3.067 3.208 3.025 3.739 3.976 3.425 3.006

±0.485 ±0.250 ±0.186 ±0.255 ±0.808 ±0.936 ±0.531 ±0.639Sp 0.772 1.065 1.017 1.665 0.800 0.828 0.944 1.461

±0.266 ±0.314 ±0.072 ±0.469 ±0.067 ±0.349 ±0.075 ±0.191Sq 0.321 0.384 0.381 0.545 0.342 0.267 0.317 0.532

±0.069 ±0.057 ±0.037 ±0.199 ±0.040 ±0.111 ±0.009 ±0.056Ssk -0.454 -0.419 -0.415 -0.064 -0.742 -0.631 -0.469 -0.215

±0.053 ±0.149 ±0.094 ±0.309 ±0.329 ±0.500 ±0.358 ±0.049Sv 1.301 1.376 1.330 1.705 1.263 0.934 1.052 1.663

±0.488 ±0.261 ±0.173 ±0.594 ±0.070 ±0.066 ±0.139 ±0.184Sxp 0.681 0.837 0.931 1.061 0.897 0.567 0.713 1.144

±0.106 ±0.146 ±0.198 ±0.246 ±0.057 ±0.108 ±0.094 ±0.121Sz 2.059 2.485 2.384 3.404 2.030 1.787 2.008 3.205

±0.763 ±0.578 ±0.083 ±1.102 ±0.041 ±0.404 ±0.137 ±0.300meh 0.219 0.248 0.257 0.372 0.178 0.186 0.197 0.355

±0.092 ±0.058 ±0.050 ±0.090 ±0.006 ±0.062 ±0.013 ±0.063madf 1.089 1.131 0.986 1.164 0.930 0.759 0.817 1.200

±0.327 ±0.190 ±0.149 ±0.219 ±0.097 ±0.075 ±0.082 ±0.068metf 0.293 0.333 0.281 0.361 0.259 0.239 0.263 0.398

±0.038 ±0.074 ±0.014 ±0.093 ±0.030 ±0.082 ±0.023 ±0.026FLTt 1.714 2.074 2.116 2.942 1.803 1.450 1.694 2.675

±0.498 ±0.398 ±0.165 ±1.017 ±0.073 ±0.376 ±0.116 ±0.292

FLTp 0.720 0.841 0.863 1.342 0.732 0.657 0.675 1.268±0.221 ±0.175 ±0.059 ±0.580 ±0.080 ±0.270 ±0.065 ±0.204

FLTv 0.994 1.183 1.278 1.549 1.118 0.780 1.025 1.393±0.233 ±0.171 ±0.207 ±0.344 ±0.042 ±0.110 ±0.187 ±0.103

FLTq 0.316 0.404 0.390 0.554 0.335 0.267 0.333 0.522±0.078 ±0.078 ±0.029 ±0.193 ±0.031 ±0.114 ±0.022 ±0.060

Peak sharpnessSpc 0.769 1.231 0.870 1.095 0.982 0.802 0.860 1.116

±0.100 ±0.268 ±0.113 ±0.380 ±0.087 ±0.080 ±0.162 ±0.105Plateau sizeSmc 0.396 0.478 0.457 0.688 0.389 0.320 0.378 0.652

±0.090 ±0.083 ±0.056 ±0.292 ±0.070 ±0.161 ±0.030 ±0.106Smr 74.717 48.916 54.283 17.906 76.693 75.785 61.130 22.439

±23.292 ±28.693 ±6.795 ±12.613 ±7.832 ±25.141 ±11.950 ±8.194SlopeSdq 0.305 0.331 0.289 0.330 0.294 0.233 0.267 0.360

±0.058 ±0.064 ±0.012 ±0.077 ±0.009 ±0.046 ±0.038 ±0.061VolumeSdv 0.493 0.616 0.563 0.978 0.647 0.314 0.426 0.861

±0.248 ±0.233 ±0.147 ±0.390 ±0.504 ±0.068 ±0.184 ±0.374Shv 0.530 0.494 0.471 1.223 0.269 0.353 0.390 0.786

±0.304 ±0.151 ±0.225 ±0.721 ±0.031 ±0.181 ±0.114 ±0.280Vm 0.011 0.013 0.015 0.022 0.010 0.010 0.012 0.017

±0.004 ±0.004 ±0.002 ±0.009 ±0.002 ±0.005 ±0.002 ±0.001Vmp 0.011 0.013 0.015 0.022 0.010 0.010 0.012 0.017

±0.004 ±0.004 ±0.002 ±0.009 ±0.002 ±0.005 ±0.002 ±0.001Vmc 0.294 0.348 0.340 0.471 0.296 0.233 0.286 0.505

±0.057 ±0.043 ±0.042 ±0.165 ±0.053 ±0.120 ±0.009 ±0.071Vv 0.409 0.490 0.471 0.716 0.399 0.332 0.389 0.667

±0.095 ±0.088 ±0.056 ±0.307 ±0.071 ±0.168 ±0.030 ±0.109Vvc 0.370 0.438 0.421 0.653 0.345 0.300 0.344 0.600

±0.091 ±0.082 ±0.056 ±0.294 ±0.071 ±0.167 ±0.041 ±0.113Vvv 0.040 0.050 0.055 0.061 0.055 0.033 0.043 0.062

±0.006 ±0.008 ±0.010 ±0.012 ±0.003 ±0.002 ±0.009 ±0.008

Table S6 Descriptive statistics (mean ±SD) of all DMTA parameters upper P4 and M1 of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L pelleted lucerne, G pelleted grass, GR pelleted grass and rice hulls, GRS pelleted grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter description refer to Table S1.Parameter P4 M1

L G GR GRS L G GR GRSAreaSda 29.202 31.649 40.951 52.402 35.535 27.775 39.278 39.740

±3.960 ±2.636 ±7.460 ±21.307 ±9.706 ±2.842 ±17.021 ±9.199Sha 32.104 33.758 34.727 47.138 28.367 21.241 31.297 36.073

±11.300 ±4.585 ±0.785 ±22.167 ±3.206 ±2.984 ±7.435 ±12.126mea 37.217 39.654 45.260 57.642 38.069 33.642 52.079 44.527

±12.708 ±3.517 ±3.299 ±20.729 ±6.746 ±11.338 ±15.950 ±11.452ComplexitySdr 3.839 5.205 5.919 5.342 4.582 3.862 4.475 6.590

±2.572 ±0.325 ±1.446 ±1.676 ±1.915 ±0.304 ±1.049 ±1.552nMotif 46.667 41.167 36.125 30.500 43.667 54.167 34.750 38.333

±14.546 ±3.753 ±2.689 ±10.037 ±8.694 ±20.213 ±14.227 ±9.751Asfc 7.165 9.705 10.818 9.399 9.023 7.404 8.170 11.576

±4.642 ±0.286 ±2.375 ±3.928 ±3.620 ±0.937 ±1.884 ±1.807DensitySal 4.326 4.907 4.655 4.769 4.491 4.604 4.871 4.440

±0.694 ±0.794 ±0.315 ±0.177 ±0.261 ±0.189 ±0.465 ±0.702Spd 0.023 0.022 0.020 0.016 0.025 0.032 0.019 0.024

±0.005 ±0.004 ±0.001 ±0.007 ±0.004 ±0.014 ±0.009 ±0.011medf 4932.27 4850.32 4777.73 4671.44 4812.64 4817.55 4832.69 4729.89

±88.33 ±25.28 ±109.76 ±137.56 ±66.87 ±77.70 ±106.67 ±252.98DirectionStd 72.957 63.253 72.879 69.496 57.589 50.624 64.655 63.790

±11.759 ±24.975 ±12.489 ±32.735 ±7.486 ±16.279 ±13.100 ±1.953Str 0.533 0.669 0.546 0.468 0.568 0.567 0.630 0.484

±0.084 ±0.034 ±0.077 ±0.164 ±0.139 ±0.083 ±0.125 ±0.244Tr1R 75.000 63.087 78.751 78.083 72.349 51.176 74.446 63.088

±12.990 ±16.330 ±12.989 ±24.524 ±7.643 ±10.695 ±14.835 ±23.762Tr2R 58.674 69.929 47.753 54.919 64.412 56.137 59.177 54.373

±16.332 ±13.077 ±13.950 ±9.329 ±18.066 ±6.653 ±13.659 ±11.709Tr3R 66.177 49.958 56.667 67.505 62.422 84.580 67.910 64.415

±11.307 ±13.902 ±10.617 ±31.298 ±12.460 ±21.880 ±18.723 ±24.914IsT 57.405 60.329 59.535 59.376 53.480 56.482 55.321 46.484

±12.730 ±11.327 ±3.608 ±6.323 ±4.473 ±10.076 ±7.623 ±20.633epLsar 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.018 0.017 0.018

±0.001 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.001 ±0.000 ±0.000 ±0.000HeightS10z 1.098 1.317 1.700 1.688 1.160 1.221 1.369 1.725

±0.184 ±0.209 ±0.375 ±0.037 ±0.363 ±0.155 ±0.380 ±0.458S5p 0.377 0.551 0.675 0.813 0.446 0.527 0.569 0.904

±0.140 ±0.085 ±0.174 ±0.111 ±0.050 ±0.120 ±0.180 ±0.133S5v 0.741 0.785 0.927 0.912 0.677 0.683 0.814 0.840

±0.291 ±0.272 ±0.186 ±0.116 ±0.248 ±0.055 ±0.185 ±0.330Sa 0.261 0.308 0.363 0.406 0.285 0.260 0.335 0.387

±0.095 ±0.016 ±0.070 ±0.015 ±0.077 ±0.017 ±0.059 ±0.098Sku 3.354 3.189 3.049 2.976 2.933 2.919 3.238 2.993

±0.173 ±0.346 ±0.359 ±0.256 ±0.193 ±0.177 ±0.272 ±0.475Sp 0.859 1.184 1.309 1.655 1.023 0.841 1.116 1.384

±0.283 ±0.127 ±0.154 ±0.017 ±0.267 ±0.083 ±0.315 ±0.341Sq 0.332 0.388 0.460 0.511 0.357 0.323 0.429 0.484

±0.123 ±0.026 ±0.083 ±0.014 ±0.099 ±0.019 ±0.082 ±0.117Ssk -0.389 -0.258 -0.206 -0.051 -0.260 -0.262 -0.501 -0.139

±0.237 ±0.193 ±0.178 ±0.056 ±0.028 ±0.084 ±0.136 ±0.147Sv 1.122 1.342 1.494 1.518 1.224 1.044 1.467 1.650

±0.389 ±0.094 ±0.157 ±0.277 ±0.365 ±0.114 ±0.320 ±0.612Sxp 0.797 0.833 0.989 0.958 0.790 0.694 0.986 0.997

±0.314 ±0.130 ±0.132 ±0.089 ±0.266 ±0.083 ±0.176 ±0.243Sz 1.975 2.553 2.769 3.192 2.301 1.871 2.593 2.978

±0.676 ±0.096 ±0.176 ±0.181 ±0.554 ±0.146 ±0.563 ±0.848meh 10.779 0.252 0.273 0.359 0.236 0.196 0.261 0.331

±18.270 ±0.009 ±0.051 ±0.040 ±0.043 ±0.018 ±0.046 ±0.105madf 0.898 1.071 1.185 1.092 1.021 0.883 1.043 1.153

±0.282 ±0.112 ±0.167 ±0.208 ±0.298 ±0.057 ±0.189 ±0.170metf 0.267 0.337 0.382 0.398 0.321 0.290 0.305 0.403

±0.080 ±0.029 ±0.067 ±0.023 ±0.063 ±0.023 ±0.049 ±0.053FLTt 1.785 2.151 2.460 2.729 1.913 1.634 2.300 2.481

±0.637 ±0.143 ±0.214 ±0.013 ±0.524 ±0.068 ±0.517 ±0.615FLTp 0.710 0.952 1.084 1.392 0.880 0.706 0.882 1.246

±0.200 ±0.116 ±0.195 ±0.054 ±0.198 ±0.074 ±0.280 ±0.337FLTv 1.075 1.159 1.331 1.374 1.067 0.893 1.307 1.261

±0.447 ±0.094 ±0.093 ±0.127 ±0.413 ±0.094 ±0.298 ±0.315FLTq 0.324 0.395 0.468 0.522 0.369 0.314 0.442 0.495

±0.121 ±0.045 ±0.067 ±0.008 ±0.115 ±0.030 ±0.098 ±0.149Peak sharpnessSpc 0.829 1.035 1.200 1.198 1.072 0.950 1.026 1.193

±0.229 ±0.131 ±0.247 ±0.208 ±0.459 ±0.191 ±0.150 ±0.049Plateau sizeSmc 0.391 0.464 0.564 0.681 0.443 0.407 0.479 0.627

±0.126 ±0.023 ±0.134 ±0.041 ±0.124 ±0.026 ±0.093 ±0.146Smr 71.183 37.597 33.015 12.569 52.387 68.790 46.297 25.384

±30.293 ±12.547 ±8.176 ±1.341 ±23.667 ±9.584 ±25.104 ±14.540SlopeSdq 0.272 0.336 0.363 0.341 0.312 0.286 0.311 0.379

±0.112 ±0.012 ±0.052 ±0.060 ±0.074 ±0.011 ±0.042 ±0.049VolumeSdv 0.396 0.460 0.593 0.993 0.588 0.458 0.948 0.704

±0.203 ±0.055 0.129 ±0.424 ±0.189 ±0.028 ±0.716 ±0.184Shv 0.324 0.620 ±0.705 0.982 0.469 0.337 0.583 0.975

±0.178 ±0.142 ±0.289 ±0.339 ±0.141 ±0.060 ±0.185 ±0.730Vm 0.013 0.014 0.019 0.024 0.014 0.012 0.016 0.021

±0.006 ±0.002 ±0.002 ±0.001 ±0.004 ±0.004 ±0.004 ±0.005Vmp 0.013 0.014 0.019 0.024 0.014 0.012 0.016 0.021

±0.006 ±0.002 ±0.002 ±0.001 ±0.004 ±0.004 ±0.004 ±0.005Vmc 0.280 0.355 0.415 0.449 0.332 0.305 0.379 0.439

±0.131 ±0.017 ±0.084 ±0.023 ±0.084 ±0.018 ±0.062 ±0.120Vv 0.378 0.478 0.584 0.705 0.455 0.418 0.495 0.646

±0.173 ±0.023 ±0.136 ±0.042 ±0.126 ±0.024 ±0.099 ±0.148Vvc 0.333 0.425 0.524 0.648 0.407 0.379 0.433 0.589

±0.148 ±0.028 ±0.129 ±0.048 ±0.109 ±0.021 ±0.091 ±0.139Vvv 0.044 0.048 0.058 0.054 0.046 0.039 0.058 0.057

±0.025 ±0.010 ±0.008 ±0.003 ±0.019 ±0.004 ±0.011 ±0.013

Table S7 Comparison statistics for all DMTA parameters for the upper P4 and M1 as well as lower m1 and m2 in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L lucerne, G grass, GR grass and rice hulls, GRS grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. On the left, comparisons were made between diets for each tooth; on the right, teeth were compared within each diet. For parameter description refer to Table S1.Parameter Welch-

YuenDunnett’s T3 Dunnett’s T3

AreaSda m1 0.283 m1/m2

m2 0.451 P4/M1P4 0.175 L < GR m1/P4M1 0.273 m2/M1

Sha m1 0.378 m1/m2m2 0.211 P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.828 m1/P4M1 0.114 L > G m2/M1

mea m1 0.577 m1/m2m2 0.612 P4/M1P4 0.302 m1/P4M1 0.457 m2/M1

ComplexitySdr m1 0.719 m1/m2

m2 0.189 P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.729 m1/P4M1 0.195 m2/M1

nMotif m1 0.375 m1/m2m2 0.293 P4/M1P4 0.315 m1/P4M1 0.610 m2/M1

Asfc m1 0.783 m1/m2m2 0.216 P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.736 m1/P4 GR: m1 < P4M1 0.127 G < GRS m2/M1

DensitySal m1 0.102 G < GR m1/m2

m2 0.079 L, G < GR P4/M1P4 0.766 m1/P4M1 0.683 m2/M1

Spd m1 0.591 m1/m2m2 0.269 P4/M1P4 0.649 m1/P4M1 0.631 m2/M1

medf m1 0.555 m1/m2m2 0.410 P4/M1P4 0.210 m1/P4M1 0.946 m2/M1

DirectionStd m1 0.018 L > GR; G, GR < GRS m1/m2

m2 0.309 P4/M1P4 0.951 m1/P4 GR: m1 < P4M1 0.497 m2/M1 GR: m2 < M1

Str m1 0.078 L, GR > GRS m1/m2m2 0.736 P4/M1P4 0.099 G > GR m1/P4M1 0.817 m2/M1

Tr1R m1 0.002 L < GRS m1/m2 GRS: m1 > m2m2 0.012 GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.696 m1/P4M1 0.194 m2/M1 GR: m2 > M1

Tr2R m1 0.714 m1/m2m2 0.965 P4/M1P4 0.384 m1/P4M1 0.886 m2/M1

Tr3R m1 0.494 m1/m2m2 0.159 L < G P4/M1P4 0.577 m1/P4M1 0.636 m2/M1 L: m2 < M1

IsT m1 0.872 m1/m2m2 0.772 P4/M1P4 0.994 m1/P4 GR: m1 > P4M1 0.899 m2/M1

epLsar m1 0.472 m1/m2m2 0.963 P4/M1P4 0.716 m1/P4 GR: m1 > P4

M1 0.506 m2/M1 GR: m2 > M1HeightS10z m1 0.548 m1/m2 GR: m1 > m2

m2 0.116 G < GRS P4/M1P4 0.028 L < GR, GRS m1/P4M1 0.479 L, G, GR < GRS m2/M1

S5p m1 0.675 m1/m2m2 0.097 GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.054 L, G < GRS m1/P4M1 0.029 m2/M1

S5v m1 0.369 m1/m2m2

0.014L > G; G < GR, GRS; GR <

GRSP4/M1

P4 0.769 m1/P4M1 0.653 m2/M1

Sa m1 0.457 m1/m2m2 0.061 L, G, GR< GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.006 G < GRS m1/P4M1 0.188 m2/M1

Sku m1 0.696 m1/m2m2 0.589 P4/M1 L: P4 > M1P4 0.349 m1/P4M1 0.448 m2/M1

Sp m1 0.267 m1/m2m2 0.029 L < GR GRS; GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.008 L, G, GR < GRS m1/P4 GR: m1 < P4M1 0.187 m2/M1

Sq m1 0.458 m1/m2 GR: m1 > m2m2 0.029 L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.011 G GRS m1/P4M1 0.169 m2/M1

Ssk m1 0.395 m1/m2m2 0.178 P4/M1 GR: P4 > M1P4 0.186 m1/P4M1 0.119 L, G > GR; GR < GRS m2/M1

Sv m1 0.828 m1/m2 GR: m1 > m2m2 0.006 L > G; L, G, GR< GRS P4/M1P4 0.418 m1/P4 G: P4 > M1M1 0.230 m2/M1

Sxp m1 0.192 m1/m2m2 0.011 L > G, GR; G, GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.529 m1/P4M1 0.159 G < GR m2/M1 GR: m2 < M1

Sz m1 0.578 m1/m2 GR: m1 > m2m2 0.019 L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.026 G, GR < GRS m1/P4 GR: m1 < P4M1 0.161 m2/M1

meh m1 0.362 m2/M1m2 0.040 L, G, GR < GRS m1/m2P4 0.071 G < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1M1 0.151 m1/P4

madf m1 0.677 m1/m2m2 0.005 L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.587 m1/P4M1 0.217 m2/M1

metf m1 0.522 m1/m2m2 0.009 L, GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.113 G < GRS m1/P4M1 0.147 G < GRS m2/M1

FLTt m1 0.497 m1/m2 GR: m1 > m2m2 0.030 L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.014 G < GRS m1/P4 GR: m1 < P4M1 0.153 m2/M1

FLTp m1 0.557 m1/m2 GR: m1 > m2m2 0.056 L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.007 L, G, GR < GRS m1/P4M1 0.195 m2/M1

FLTv m1 0.317 m1/m2 G: m1 > m2m2 0.012 L > G; L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.225 m1/P4M1 0.193 m2/M1

FLTq m1 0.418 m1/m2 GR: m1 > m2m2 0.043 L > G; L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.037 G < GRS m1/P4

M1 0.189 m2/M1Peak sharpnessSpc m1 0.201 m1/m2 L: m1 < m2

m2 0.059 G < GRS P4/M1P4 0.326 m1/P4M1 0.241 m2/M1

Plateau sizeSmc m1 0.526 m1/m2

m2 0.090 L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.007 L, G < GRS m1/P4M1 0.238 m2/M1

Smr m1 0.060 L, GR > GRS m1/m2m2 0.005 L, GR > GRS P4/M1 G: P4 < M1P4 0.022 GR > GRS m1/P4 GR: m1 < P4M1 0.063 G > GRS m2/M1

SlopeSdq m1 0.682 m1/m2

m2 0.184 G < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.698 m1/P4M1 0.168 m2/M1

VolumeSdv m1 0.508 m1/m2

m2 0.246 P4/M1P4 0.237 m1/P4M1 0.251 m2/M1 G: m2 < M1

Shv m1 0.552 m1/m2m2 0.127 P4/M1P4 0.140 m1/P4M1 0.198 m2/M1

Vm m1 0.330 m1/m2m2 0.014 L, GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.007 G < GR; G, GR < GRS m1/P4 GR: m1 < P4M1 0.289 m2/M1

Vmp m1 0.330 m1/m2m2 0.014 L, GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.007 G < GR; G, GR < GRS m1/P4 GR: m1 < P4M1 0.289 m2/M1

Vmc m1 0.471 m1/m2m2 0.059 L, G, GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.021 G < GRS m1/P4M1 0.234 m2/M1

Vv m1 0.540 m1/m2m2 0.093 L, GR < GRS P4/M1 G: P4 > M1P4 0.006 G GRS m1/P4M1 0.225 m2/M1

Vvc m1 0.577 m1/m2m2 0.123 L, GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.011 G < GRS m1/P4M1 0.261 m2/M1

Vvv m1 0.167 m1/m2 L: m1 > m2m2 0.001 L, GR < GRS P4/M1P4 0.615 m1/P4M1 0.133 G < GR m2/M1

Table S8 Spearman’s correlation for macroscopic wear (tooth height and mesowear) and all DMTA parameters for lower m1 and m2 of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L pelleted lucerne, G pelleted grass, GR pelleted grass and rice hulls, GRS pelleted grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter description refer to Table S1. Data is given as correclation coefficient (with two decimals) and p-value (with three decimals).

m1 m2Parameter ATH RTH CsEM OrEM ATH RTH CsEM OrEM

Tooth heightRTH 0.51 0.38

0.072   0.204  Mesowear

CsEM 0.33 0.02 0.44 0.440.268 0.941   0.129 0.133  

OrEM -0.05 0.35 0.39 0.47 0.31 0.050.881 0.244 0.190   0.108 0.307 0.874  

DMTAArea

Sda 0.13 0.19 -0.25 0.38 -0.40 -0.09 -0.20 0.010.681 0.539 0.406 0.199 0.174 0.782 0.513 0.985

Sha -0.59 -0.24 -0.71 -0.12 -0.43 0.40 -0.10 -0.170.033 0.434 0.007 0.707 0.144 0.180 0.753 0.583

mea -0.58 -0.14 -0.56 0.00 -0.52 0.18 -0.11 -0.200.039 0.653 0.046 0.993 0.071 0.559 0.710 0.517

ComplexitySdr 0.52 0.39 -0.28 -0.36 -0.26 -0.62 -0.25 -0.44

0.071 0.185 0.348 0.222 0.384 0.023 0.411 0.130nMotif 0.55 0.13 0.57 0.02 0.49 -0.03 0.38 -0.07

0.050 0.672 0.041 0.959 0.089 0.925 0.198 0.833Asfc 0.50 0.40 -0.05 -0.27 -0.02 -0.67 -0.50 -0.15

0.082 0.178 0.861 0.375 0.943 0.012 0.085 0.630Density

Sal -0.21 -0.02 -0.37 -0.13 0.06 0.35 -0.33 0.060.482 0.943 0.208 0.679 0.845 0.234 0.268 0.856

Spd 0.55 0.12 0.52 -0.05 0.71 0.02 0.42 0.100.052 0.706 0.066 0.881 0.006 0.936 0.157 0.751

medf 0.01 0.30 -0.20 -0.30 0.36 0.02 -0.15 0.360.986 0.313 0.522 0.314 0.231 0.943 0.626 0.222

DirectionStd 0.04 -0.43 -0.40 -0.56 -0.15 -0.43 -0.14 0.14

0.887 0.147 0.179 0.047 0.629 0.141 0.653 0.651Str 0.27 0.03 0.39 -0.19 0.12 0.38 0.08 0.63

0.374 0.929 0.193 0.527 0.694 0.197 0.790 0.022Tr1R -0.42 -0.02 -0.66 -0.12 -0.67 -0.24 -0.37 -0.23

0.156 0.943 0.015 0.686 0.013 0.426 0.218 0.443Tr2R -0.12 0.50 0.04 0.13 0.09 -0.12 -0.18 0.37

0.707 0.084 0.890 0.666 0.762 0.694 0.558 0.211Tr3R -0.04 0.25 -0.60 -0.13 -0.26 0.66 0.16 0.01

0.901 0.413 0.031 0.679 0.394 0.015 0.592 0.977IsT -0.07 -0.17 0.26 0.22 0.08 0.15 -0.08 0.57

0.831 0.588 0.384 0.472 0.789 0.635 0.804 0.042epLsar -0.33 -0.08 0.21 0.47 -0.22 -0.01 0.24 -0.67

0.271 0.802 0.498 0.107 0.471 0.986 0.434 0.012Height

S10z -0.29 0.15 -0.77 -0.46 -0.41 -0.20 0.06 -0.630.344 0.614 0.002 0.112 0.168 0.517 0.856 0.022

S5p -0.25 0.02 -0.46 -0.34 -0.48 -0.06 0.05 -0.630.405 0.957 0.114 0.251 0.094 0.837 0.864 0.020

S5v 0.07 -0.03 -0.64 -0.70 -0.31 -0.56 -0.31 -0.210.817 0.929 0.020 0.008 0.306 0.047 0.296 0.492

Sa -0.20 0.05 -0.36 -0.13 -0.54 -0.23 -0.03 -0.700.505 0.872 0.227 0.666 0.055 0.459 0.932 0.008

Sku 0.30 0.22 -0.16 -0.23 0.19 0.04 -0.09 0.690.316 0.468 0.598 0.448 0.541 0.894 0.782 0.010

Sp -0.15 0.09 -0.79 -0.21 -0.53 0.02 -0.19 -0.630.616 0.760 0.001 0.490 0.064 0.943 0.526 0.022

Sq -0.23 0.08 -0.46 -0.11 -0.45 -0.20 0.01 -0.660.448 0.788 0.117 0.728 0.122 0.511 0.977 0.014

Ssk -0.18 -0.01 -0.62 -0.57 -0.26 0.21 0.01 -0.660.566 0.971 0.023 0.040 0.394 0.487 0.985 0.013

Sv 0.08 0.06 -0.46 -0.42 -0.43 -0.60 -0.22 -0.350.803 0.844 0.110 0.149 0.138 0.029 0.464 0.239

Sxp 0.00 0.03 -0.38 0.01 -0.38 -0.58 -0.17 -0.401.000 0.914 0.204 0.978 0.201 0.038 0.585 0.170

Sz -0.19 0.07 -0.59 -0.26 -0.51 -0.06 -0.17 -0.480.541 0.816 0.035 0.386 0.078 0.851 0.572 0.098

meh -0.34 -0.20 -0.68 -0.29 -0.63 -0.02 -0.17 -0.710.255 0.503 0.011 0.334 0.022 0.936 0.578 0.007

madf 0.04 0.01 -0.40 -0.40 -0.29 -0.58 -0.35 -0.410.901 0.971 0.176 0.171 0.334 0.038 0.246 0.164

metf 0.13 -0.04 -0.67 -0.62 -0.38 -0.33 -0.03 -0.720.681 0.900 0.013 0.023 0.201 0.266 0.924 0.006

FLTt -0.15 0.04 -0.56 -0.30 -0.49 -0.40 -0.11 -0.480.629 0.900 0.047 0.319 0.090 0.177 0.717 0.098

FLTp -0.26 0.16 -0.66 -0.26 -0.43 -0.27 -0.10 -0.590.394 0.601 0.015 0.386 0.144 0.368 0.753 0.036

FLTv -0.12 0.07 -0.52 -0.06 -0.46 -0.56 -0.26 -0.450.694 0.830 0.068 0.851 0.117 0.047 0.394 0.127

FLTq -0.35 0.03 -0.53 -0.05 -0.52 -0.18 -0.15 -0.500.247 0.914 0.061 0.859 0.071 0.553 0.619 0.078

Peak sharpnessSpc 0.26 0.24 -0.11 0.05 -0.27 -0.51 -0.29 -0.18

0.394 0.424 0.726 0.859 0.364 0.076 0.330 0.556Plateau size

Smc -0.25 0.02 -0.38 -0.19 -0.53 -0.27 -0.12 -0.730.405 0.943 0.201 0.527 0.064 0.378 0.703 0.005

Smr 0.18 -0.01 0.82 0.33 0.54 -0.04 0.19 0.630.566 0.971 0.001 0.264 0.058 0.901 0.526 0.022

SlopeSdq 0.53 0.41 -0.16 -0.27 -0.29 -0.72 -0.25 -0.44

0.064 0.159 0.592 0.381 0.344 0.005 0.411 0.135Volume

Sdv 0.24 0.11 -0.44 0.10 -0.45 -0.38 -0.14 -0.110.437 0.719 0.136 0.750 0.128 0.201 0.653 0.722

Shv -0.37 0.17 -0.83 -0.35 -0.34 0.09 -0.07 -0.170.209 0.588 0.000 0.234 0.255 0.768 0.812 0.569

Vm -0.11 0.09 -0.56 -0.34 -0.51 -0.01 -0.18 -0.750.721 0.760 0.045 0.259 0.074 0.986 0.545 0.003

Vmp -0.11 0.09 -0.56 -0.34 -0.51 -0.01 -0.18 -0.750.721 0.760 0.045 0.259 0.074 0.986 0.545 0.003

Vmc -0.26 -0.02 -0.36 -0.11 -0.49 -0.30 -0.03 -0.750.394 0.957 0.223 0.721 0.086 0.315 0.932 0.003

Vv -0.25 0.02 -0.38 -0.19 -0.49 -0.23 -0.12 -0.710.405 0.943 0.201 0.527 0.090 0.453 0.703 0.007

Vvc -0.25 0.02 -0.38 -0.19 -0.46 -0.13 0.00 -0.710.405 0.943 0.201 0.527 0.112 0.661 1.000 0.007

Vvv 0.04 0.06 -0.38 0.01 -0.29 -0.66 -0.31 -0.190.901 0.858 0.204 0.978 0.344 0.014 0.296 0.536

Table S9 Spearman’s correlation for macroscopic wear parameters (tooth height and mesowear) and all DMTA parameters for upper P4 and M1 of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L pelleted lucerne, G pelleted grass, GR pelleted grass and rice hulls, GRS pelleted grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter description refer to Table S1. Data is given as correclation coefficient (with two decimals) and p-value (with three decimal places).

P4 M1Parameter ATH RTH CsEM OReM ATH RTH CsEM OrEM

Tooth heightRTH 0.58 0.11

0.040   0.731  Mesowear

CsEM 0.60 0.15 -0.22 0.600.031 0.618   0.462 0.029  

OrEM 0.33 -0.10 0.75 -0.12 0.34 0.630.268 0.757 0.003   0.688 0.249 0.021  

DMTAArea

Sda -0.25 -0.25 -0.46 -0.30 -0.01 0.06 0.22 0.090.415 0.413 0.115 0.319 0.972 0.842 0.467 0.779

Sha -0.19 -0.13 -0.29 -0.38 -0.05 -0.13 0.09 0.050.529 0.679 0.337 0.201 0.859 0.663 0.771 0.873

mea -0.36 -0.31 -0.34 -0.32 -0.05 0.32 0.35 0.120.231 0.295 0.262 0.293 0.859 0.286 0.245 0.688

ComplexitySdr -0.08 0.23 -0.28 -0.49 -0.24 -0.51 -0.48 -0.27

0.789 0.446 0.363 0.089 0.437 0.075 0.095 0.369nMotif 0.34 0.30 0.33 0.33 0.06 -0.32 -0.33 -0.16

0.254 0.317 0.273 0.267 0.845 0.286 0.270 0.600Asfc -0.03 0.33 -0.27 -0.54 -0.27 -0.62 -0.59 -0.31

0.915 0.269 0.368 0.058 0.374 0.023 0.034 0.305Density

Sal -0.21 0.31 -0.28 -0.13 -0.47 0.12 -0.05 -0.010.482 0.304 0.357 0.681 0.108 0.703 0.870 0.968

Spd 0.30 0.26 0.31 0.24 0.08 -0.31 -0.28 -0.070.316 0.392 0.308 0.436 0.788 0.307 0.350 0.809

medf 0.61 0.50 0.44 0.24 -0.13 -0.30 -0.52 0.000.027 0.084 0.128 0.436 0.681 0.323 0.068 1.000

DirectionStd 0.24 -0.24 0.25 0.38 -0.24 -0.36 -0.17 -0.05

0.437 0.434 0.405 0.201 0.437 0.232 0.577 0.873Str 0.23 0.64 -0.12 -0.41 -0.04 0.04 0.25 0.09

0.459 0.020 0.702 0.163 0.901 0.892 0.406 0.779Tr1R 0.03 -0.36 -0.03 0.27 -0.02 -0.02 -0.09 0.38

0.929 0.228 0.919 0.375 0.943 0.957 0.771 0.196Tr2R 0.02 0.26 0.44 0.21 -0.14 -0.09 -0.16 0.12

0.957 0.392 0.134 0.501 0.655 0.772 0.596 0.688Tr3R -0.29 -0.23 -0.06 0.11 0.12 0.31 0.26 -0.23

0.344 0.446 0.838 0.719 0.707 0.299 0.390 0.440IsT -0.10 -0.20 0.29 0.05 -0.04 0.43 0.22 0.23

0.734 0.515 0.342 0.878 0.901 0.138 0.462 0.440epLsar 0.23 0.30 0.35 -0.06 0.20 0.22 0.00 -0.19

0.459 0.313 0.241 0.837 0.517 0.470 0.993 0.544Height

S10z -0.42 -0.35 -0.40 -0.27 -0.23 -0.21 -0.39 -0.330.156 0.236 0.171 0.375 0.459 0.499 0.185 0.265

S5p -0.65 -0.22 -0.62 -0.25 -0.18 -0.50 -0.37 -0.530.015 0.468 0.025 0.405 0.553 0.079 0.214 0.062

S5v 0.10 0.06 -0.10 -0.47 -0.51 0.18 -0.04 -0.040.734 0.844 0.737 0.102 0.074 0.566 0.899 0.904

Sa -0.56 -0.20 -0.55 -0.40 -0.33 -0.27 -0.33 -0.330.049 0.515 0.050 0.182 0.271 0.377 0.270 0.265

Sku 0.39 -0.06 0.17 -0.05 -0.38 -0.07 -0.18 -0.120.188 0.844 0.587 0.878 0.201 0.814 0.552 0.688

Sp -0.85 -0.50 -0.76 -0.44 -0.25 -0.30 -0.27 -0.140.000 0.080 0.003 0.130 0.405 0.313 0.364 0.658

Sq -0.49 -0.31 -0.48 -0.35 -0.37 -0.19 -0.29 -0.260.090 0.295 0.093 0.244 0.209 0.535 0.344 0.392

Ssk -0.63 -0.27 -0.73 -0.27 0.42 -0.47 -0.34 -0.360.021 0.381 0.004 0.375 0.150 0.104 0.261 0.229

Sv -0.19 -0.08 -0.17 -0.30 -0.58 -0.19 -0.14 -0.010.541 0.802 0.587 0.319 0.039 0.541 0.648 0.968

Sxp -0.10 -0.07 -0.05 -0.11 -0.51 -0.19 -0.22 -0.100.748 0.816 0.882 0.719 0.074 0.535 0.473 0.748

Sz -0.63 -0.49 -0.40 -0.21 -0.42 -0.21 -0.20 -0.070.021 0.088 0.177 0.501 0.150 0.482 0.509 0.810

meh -0.12 -0.42 -0.20 0.06 -0.26 -0.21 -0.16 -0.090.707 0.153 0.523 0.837 0.384 0.493 0.609 0.779

madf -0.21 0.07 -0.26 -0.36 -0.43 -0.15 -0.22 -0.040.482 0.830 0.395 0.222 0.138 0.624 0.479 0.904

metf -0.42 -0.28 -0.55 -0.47 -0.34 -0.51 -0.41 -0.260.150 0.361 0.050 0.102 0.263 0.073 0.165 0.392

FLTt -0.60 -0.43 -0.44 -0.30 -0.39 -0.23 -0.20 -0.110.031 0.142 0.128 0.319 0.188 0.453 0.509 0.718

FLTp -0.76 -0.47 -0.81 -0.54 -0.05 -0.45 -0.36 -0.250.003 0.105 0.001 0.058 0.873 0.119 0.221 0.416

FLTv -0.33 -0.22 -0.18 -0.27 -0.53 -0.12 -0.18 0.020.271 0.468 0.561 0.375 0.061 0.703 0.552 0.936

FLTq -0.51 -0.28 -0.63 -0.51 -0.34 -0.19 -0.22 -0.150.078 0.361 0.020 0.078 0.255 0.535 0.473 0.629

Peak sharpnessSpc -0.41 -0.11 -0.19 0.02 -0.25 -0.36 -0.46 -0.20

0.162 0.719 0.542 0.959 0.415 0.224 0.112 0.517Plateau size

Smc -0.60 -0.25 -0.63 -0.46 -0.23 -0.42 -0.40 -0.370.029 0.402 0.020 0.115 0.448 0.149 0.172 0.213

Smr 0.81 0.40 0.84 0.57 0.31 0.35 0.30 0.100.001 0.172 0.000 0.042 0.306 0.236 0.324 0.748

SlopeSdq -0.08 0.24 -0.22 -0.44 -0.29 -0.48 -0.44 -0.23

0.803 0.434 0.463 0.130 0.334 0.093 0.135 0.440Volume

Sdv -0.42 -0.47 -0.40 -0.21 0.02 0.14 0.22 0.220.150 0.105 0.181 0.501 0.957 0.650 0.473 0.465

Shv -0.39 -0.22 -0.27 -0.27 -0.20 -0.35 -0.33 -0.210.188 0.468 0.373 0.375 0.517 0.248 0.270 0.491

Vm -0.70 -0.68 -0.49 -0.33 -0.23 -0.23 -0.30 -0.100.007 0.011 0.091 0.268 0.459 0.442 0.315 0.748

Vmp -0.70 -0.68 -0.49 -0.33 -0.23 -0.23 -0.30 -0.100.007 0.011 0.091 0.268 0.459 0.442 0.315 0.748

Vmc -0.52 -0.16 -0.48 -0.32 -0.31 -0.25 -0.32 -0.370.071 0.601 0.095 0.293 0.297 0.414 0.287 0.213

Vv -0.59 -0.30 -0.63 -0.46 -0.23 -0.42 -0.40 -0.370.033 0.313 0.020 0.115 0.448 0.149 0.172 0.213

Vvc -0.60 -0.25 -0.63 -0.46 -0.15 -0.45 -0.45 -0.410.029 0.402 0.020 0.115 0.629 0.119 0.119 0.167

Vvv -0.04 -0.01 -0.06 -0.17 -0.53 -0.19 -0.28 -0.100.901 0.971 0.852 0.570 0.064 0.535 0.354 0.748

Table S10 Spearman’s correlation for macroscopic wear parameters (tooth height and mesowear) for lower p3 and p4 and upper P3 and M2 of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L pelleted lucerne, G pelleted grass, GR pelleted grass and rice hulls, GRS pelleted grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter description refer to Table S1. Data is given as correclation coefficient (with two decimals) and p-value (with three decimals).

p3 p4Parameter ATH RTH CsEM ATH RTH CsEM

RTH 0.56 0.180.045   0.563  

CsEM 0.26 0.25 0.22 0.570.393 0.411   0.468 0.041  

OrEM -0.01 -0.16 0.66 0.20 0.43 0.690.985 0.607 0.015 0.521 0.140 0.009

P3 M2Parameter ATH RTH CsEM ATH RTH CsEM

RTH 0.59 0.020.033   0.957  

CsEM 0.30 0.49 0.37 0.210.327 0.087   0.218 0.501  

OrEM -0.06 0.41 0.63 0.28 0.29 0.610.856 0.170 0.022 0.360 0.341 0.026

Figure S1 Example illustration: lower x-axis represents mandibular teeth in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different pelleted diets (L lucerne, G grass, GR grass and rice hulls, GRS grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. Colours and categories show different dietary groups, while individual columns represent the cheek teeth along the tooth row (left to right = anterior to posterior). Upper x-axis with inverted y-axis represents the same parameter for the maxillary teeth.

Figure S2 Boxplots for all DMTA parameters of selected mandibular (lower x-axis, m1 and m2) and maxillary (upper x-axis, P4 and M1) cheek teeth in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different diets (L lucerne, G grass, GR grass and rice hulls, GRS grass, rice hulls and sand). The thick horizontal bar represents the median; the box encloses the first (25%) and third (75%) quartiles; the whiskers extend to the full interquartile range; the unfilled dots represent outliers. For parameter descriptions, see Table S1.

AreaSda Sha mea

ComplexitySdr nMotif Asfc

DensitySal Spd medf

DirectionStd Str

Tr1R Tr2R Tr3R

IsT epLsar

HeightS10z S5p S5v

Sa Sku Sp

Sq Ssk Sv

Sxp Sz meh

madf metf FLTt

FLTp FLTv FLTq

Peak sharpness Plateau sizeSpc Smc Smr

SlopeSdq

VolumeSdv Shv Vm

Vmp Vmc Vv

Vvc Vvv

Figure S3 Correlation of relative tooth height (RTH) and extended mesowear score for occlusal relief (OrEM) of selected mandibular (lower x-axis, m1 and m2) and maxillary (upper x-axis, P4 and M1) cheek teeth in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n=13) fed four different pelleted diets (L lucerne, G grass, GR grass and rice hulls, GRS grass, rice hulls and sand) for 14 days. For parameter descriptions see Table S1 and statistics see Table S8-10 .