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Armenia
WhereisArmenia?ArmeniaislandlockedcountryintheCaucasusmountainsinAsia.ItisborderedbyGeorgiatotheNorth,Turkeytothewest,AzerbaijantotheEast,theAzerbaijanNacxivanenclavetothesouthwest,andIrantothesouth.ThereisalakecalledLakeSevaninthenortheast.IthasasmallenclaveinAzerbaijan.It’scapitalandbiggestcityisYerevanwithapopulaIonof1,116,000.
BasicFactsArea:11,484sq.mi.PopulaIon:2,794,000PopulaIonGrowth:0.1%Government:RepublicUrbanPopulaIon:64%LifeExpectancy:74yearsLiteracyRate:100%OfficialLanguage:ArmenianCurrency:ArmenianDram(AMD)GDPperCapita:$5,200GDPGrowth:7.2%
TheLandandit’sPeople
Land• TheNorthwestofArmeniaistheArmenianhighlandandishometoit’stallestpeaksthatcanexceed13,00feet
• TheEastandNorthishometotheLesserCaucasus,amountainrangethatcoversGeorgia,PartsofRussia,ArmeniaandAzerbaijan
• AlsointheeastwehavetheSevanbasinconsisIngofLakeSevananditisborderedbytheCaucasus
• AndinthesouthwestthereistheAraratplainwhichgoesintoTurkeyandhometotheimportantArasriver
PlantsandAnimals
• Theboar,wildcat,jackal,adder,Gurza(avenomoussnake),scorpion,and,morerarely,theleopardinhabittheSemidesertregion
• Oaktreesarecommoninthesouthalongwithsquirrels,bears,andwildcats
• Thealpineregionishometobirdssuchaseagleswhilethetundrahasreallynolifeatall
Climate
• Armenia’sclimateisverydryandconInentalduetothemountainousterrain
• Armeniacangetveryintenseheatinthelowlandssomedaysinthesummer
• Inthewinteritisusuallyabout10F.butinthemountainsitcangetfreezingcold
• TherecordlowinArmeniawas-51F.
Economy
• Mostagricultureisinthesouthwithfarmsproducingwinegrapes,themostimportantcrop,figs,olives,pomegranates,etc.
• HydroelectricpowerhavebeensupplyingpowertofactoriesintheYerevanregion
• Factoriesmakechemicals,clothing,precisioninstrumentsandmachineries.
People• Almost100%ofArmenia’spopulaIonisethnicallyArmenianandcanspeakArmenian,adistantbranchoftheIndo-Europeanfamily
• ThereareminoriIesareKurds,Russians,andsmallnumbersofUkrainiansandAssyrians.
• ThereishardlyanyAzerbaijanipeoplelivinginthecountrysinceofthepoliIcaltensionsbetweenthetwocountries
• TheregionofNagorno-KarabakhinAzerbaijanisveryethnicallyArmenianandhasbeentryinghardtopushforindependence
TheHistoryOfArmenia
EarlyHistory• InEarlyImestheAssyriansandPersiansboth
conqueredArmeniabutitwassIllruledbyNaIveLeaders
• AlexandertheGreatconqueredArmeniaduringhisconquestanditwasruledbytheGreekDynasty
• In300Ad.TheKingattheImeTiridateslllconvertedtoChrisIanity,hethenmadeChrisIanitytheStateReligion
• Inthe5thcenturyaChrisIanChurchwasestablished• ItthenfelltotheArabsin653whospreadthenew
IslamicreligiontoArmenia,thenagainitfelltothePersiansin1502
• TheTurksthenincorporatedintotheOhomanEmpirewhosuppressedChrisIanity
• ManyArmeniansfledtootherpartsofAsiaandAfrica
RussianandSovietArmenia• RussiatooktheregionfromPersia
knownasRussianArmeniaattheImein1828
• ThenajertheRusso-TurkishRussiagainedpartofTurkishArmenia
• TheTurkishgovernmentduringWW1begantodecimatetheArmeniansandmanyfledtoothercountries
• AjerthewarArmeniabecameindependentfor2yearsbutRussiantroopsenteredYerevanin1920andsetupaSovietgovernmentoutofRussianArmenia
• In1936theArmenianSovietSocialistRepublic(ASSR)wasformed
ModernHistory• Since1988therehavebeenmanyethnicconflictsbetweenArmeniansandAzerbaijanis
• EthnictensionsinNagorno-Karabakhstartedin1988ajeravoteandSoviettroopsweresenttorestoreorder,AzerbaijanconInuedtocauseethnictensionsneartheborder
• Amassive6.9magnitudeearthquakehitArmeniakilling25,000peopleonDec.21988
• Armeniagotindependencein1991ajertheSovietUnionCollapsed
• LaterthatyearArmeniajoinedtheCommonwealthofIndependentStateswith10otherformerSovietStates
InteresIngFacts
• ArmeniawastofirstcountrytoconverttheenIrecountrytoChrisIanity
• Armeniaishometotheworld’soldestwineryandit’slocatedinacave
• Armeniaisthehomelandoftheapricot• TheArmenianalphabetisoneofthemostadvancedintheworld