20
Arizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Arizona Education Funding Formula · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Arizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials

For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Page 2: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

A Preview

• The Basic Formula‐ same $ for everyone... sort of

• The Weights‐ adding dollars for special needs

• Capital‐ buildings, computers, books & more

• Local extras‐ how your vote makes an impact

• Show Me the $$‐ QTR & NAV & Basic Aid???

• How Do We Compare

• How you can make a difference

Page 3: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

The Basic Support Level Formula

Since the early 1970s, Arizona has had an equalization formula for public education

NO MATTER WHERE A CHILD LIVES IN OUR STATE, he receives the exact same amount of base funding as every other child in our State

This is known as the Base Support Level (BSL)

I get what she gets, and she gets what he gets…and it doesn’t matter where we live in the whole State*

* Except for the “weights”

Page 4: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

The “Weights”

On to the Basic Support Level (BSL) are added “weights,”or additional funds for more costly types of instruction

There are weights for– Special Ed.– High School Students– English Learners– K‐3 Students *– Small/Isolated Districts

* There used to also be a weight for Kindergarten that paid for All Day Kindergarten.  That was  eliminated in 2010.

Page 5: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

What Does A Weight Look Like?

The Special Education Weight for FY2010 was calculated by multiplying the BSL (base) amount by the given number for each diagnosis:

Multiple Disabilities Severe Sensory Impairment‐ 7.947

Orthopedic Impairment (Self Contained)‐ 6.773

Visual Impairment‐ 4.806

Hearing Impairment‐ 4.771

Moderate Mental Retardation‐ 4.421

Developmental Delay, Mild Mental Retardation,

Speech and Language Impairment, Other Health Impaired 0.003

Page 6: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

The Capital Funding Formulas

There is a formula to calculate soft capital (paper, pencils, anything used in the classroom that does not last)

Unweighted student count x BSL

There is another formula to calculate Capital Outlay Revenue Limit‐ CORL‐(textbooks, desks, chairs, computers, and other stuff that lasts a while)

Unweighted Student Count x BSL x CORL Growth Factor + High School Textbooks 

Capital funds are typically NOT allowed to be

used for anything but Capital‐

fund swaps are NOT OK

Page 7: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Local Extras

School districts are allowed to increase their funding through voter approved overrides and bonds

• M&O Override* = 15% of M&O budget

• Capital Override = 5% of M&O budget

• Bonds = specified amount for specific capital (building/bus) projects

* In 2010, the State passed a law that ended the K‐3 Override possibility, and increased the maximum amount of an M&O Override from 10 to 15%

Page 8: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Overrides & Bonds• Any override is for a 7 year period.  It is an added percentage of up to 15% 

of the total M&O budget that, if passed, can be used for anything that legally falls under M&O (the bulk of this budget is staff and salaries).  At the end of the 5th year, the funding begins to decrease; so districts typically ask for renewals in the 4th year. 

• Bonds are for specific capital projects, primarily building renovations & transportation needs.  Bonds cannot be renewed.  Each new project requires a new bond that must legally specify every part of the project in detail.  Funds approved through bonds can ONLY be used for the specifications in the bond language.

Local elections offer voters a chance to supplement‐ with their own tax dollars‐ the funds directed to their neighborhood public schools

Page 9: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Other Funding Pots of MoneyBesides the voter approved projects (overrides and bonds) school districts can generate revenue through property taxes for line items including:

• Adjacent ways‐ $ to improve public ways on land owned or leased by schools.• Desegregation• Transportation• Prevention

Districts also get some Indian Gaming money, although these funds have dwindled with the decline in the economy.

And sometimes voters approve measures, like Prop. 301, that mandate additional education funds.

The district used to be able to collect for utilities since the State froze funding at 1980 levels.  This ability was taken away in 2009.  A new utilities funding formula has been created, but it has yet to be funded.  Utilities alone costs our district about $5 million every year.

Page 10: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

A Funding Graphic(just a picture‐ no ratio accuracy!)

$9500

$3700

Page 11: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Who Pays For It All & How?

Public education is paid for by the State and the local communities*, based on the Equalization Concept:

School District Spending Limit (BSL with weights and capital)minus

Local Contribution(QTR)equals

State Aid(Equalization Assistance)

Page 12: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

The Taxes We Pay

The legislature sets the Qualifying Tax Rate (QTR). This is the tax rate the legislature uses to determine how much money a school district will get from the state, if any. 

QTR x Net Assessed Values (NAV) = ? State Aid ?

Page 13: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Who Gets State Aid?Not Much for Us!

• If the equalization base funding level is greater than QTR (the tax rate) x NAV (total property values), local property taxes will not be adequate to fund the district’s budget. The remaining amount of funding is provided by the state’s general fund. This is called basic state aid. 

Typically, this occurs in smaller, more rural communities with less business and property to tax. 

If the equalization base is less than QTR x NAV, no basic state aid is provided and the primary property tax rate is set at the level required to generate the equalization base.

Any additional taxes collected in these communities are put back into the state general fund to be used for basic state aid.

Page 14: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

What Do Taxes Look Like in SUSD?

For FY11:County Tax  $0.06; Community College  $0.09; City of Scottsdale  $0.16; SUSD  $0.03.  

Lots of numbers… Bottom line: The district has consistently lowered out tax rateover the last few year, has seen enrollment dip and then rise, and has received consistently less per student in state funding

Page 15: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Construction & Facilities

• Growing districts are given funds from the State to build new buildings.  Until last year, school buildings were paid for withcash from the general fund.

• Older districts and those with declining enrollment are legally entitled to receive renewal and upgrade funds from the State School Facilities Board (SFB).  For the past 3 years, the State has not fully funded this Board.

• Any district can go to its local voters to ask for a bond for new construction.  Once a bond is passed, it is audited every year and MUST ONLY BE USED as specified in the ballot.

Page 16: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

So In A Nutshell…

• The State has an equalization formula that funds every child in the State at the same base level.

• Funding increases if the district has children with special needs by applying the special weights formula

• For some projects, local communities can vote to use their property taxes to directly support their schools.

• For some projects, districts can assess a local property tax• State aid‐money‐ is given to districts that cannot raise 

enough taxes on their own• Money for facilities goes to growing and new districts

Page 17: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

And With All This Funding, Where Do We Stand?

Page 18: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

How the $$ Are Spent

Arizona 2009 National *Difference SUSD

Instructional 56.9% 61% ‐4.1% 57.7%

Plant Operation        11.6% 9.9% +1.7% 11.2%

Administration 9.0% 10.8% ‐1.8% 8%

Student Support 7.5% 5.2% +2.3% 7.9%

Instructional Support 5.5% 4.9% +0.6% 6.1%

Food Services 4.8% 3.8% +1.0% 4.4%

Transportation 4.3% 4.2% +0.1% 4.1%

Other 0.2% 0.2% — 0.2%

* According to the US Department of Education’s National Center for Educational Statistics 2007 (most recent year available) and AZ. Auditor General’s 2009 Report

Page 19: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Take Home Messages

• Education funding in Arizona is largely regulated at the state level based on an equalization formula‐every child gets the same amount regardless of location.  Local school boards and district administrations can make some decisions about how to spend those funds.  But If you want to impact funding, you need to be active at the State level.

• There are a few ways that local voters can supplement education funding at the ballot box.  Your vote matters!

Page 20: Arizona Education Funding Formula  · PDF fileArizona Education Funding Formula Basic Essentials For Those Who Care But Do Not Have an Accounting Degree

Need More Information?

• David Peterson, SUSD Asst. Superintendent & CFO [email protected]

• Arizona Association of School Business Officials http://www.aasbo.org/

• Arizona Business and Education Coalition http://www.azbec.org/

• Arizona Education Network http://www.arizonaeducationnetwork.com/

• Arizona Tax Research Association http://www.arizonatax.org/publications/positions/legislation.htm