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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY, OMA / REM KOOLHAAS , 2004
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
3
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
SEATTLE PUBLIC LIBRARY
What are the responsibilities of
major public buildings? As
monuments? As expression of
community?
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
We build the way we think
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
PREHISTORIC & PRIMITIVE ARCHITECTURE
Before history
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
PREHISTORIC & PRIMITIVE ARCHITECTURE
• Architectural artifacts from the period before recorded history
are found worldwide and often share certain characteristics
•Vernacular – built using traditional, regional materials and
techniques
•Common Functions
•Defensive
•Storage of Surplus
•Tombs
•Sacred Alignments
•Celestial Alignments
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Stonehenge
Neolithic Architecture
3000 B.C.-1800 B.C.
Salisbury Plain, England
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Earliest Form 3000-2900 BC
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Final Form, 1800 BC
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Mortise and Tenon
Tongue and Groove
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
'STONHING', 1575 (print by "R.F.")
as Druid artifact
Stonehenge as a
Roman Temple
17th Century
Architect Inigo Jones
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Stonehenge as a
astronomical calendar
Midsummer sunrise
over heel stone
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Hal Tarxien
Neolithic Architecture
3150-2500 BC.
Malta
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Mesa Verde
Anasazi Architecture
1100-1300
San Juan Basin, Colorado
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Cliff Palace
Anasazi Architecture
1100-1300
Mesa Verde, Colorado
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Spruce Tree House
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTUREarchitecture as cultural artifact
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
THE GREAT PYRAMIDS
RULE OF WOMAN PHARAOH HATSHEPSUT
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTUREN
ILE
SUN
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Egyptian Landscape
Egyptian landscape / Henry Bacon, Dec. 3, 1903. sketch: 1 sketch; watercolor; 18 x 26 cm. Henry Bacon papers.
Copyright the Smithsonian Museumhttp://www.aaa.si.edu/exhibits/vacations/case4_2.htm
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Copper Bit and
Bow Drill
Copper Saw with
Sand Grit
Copper Hook
Egyptian Technology
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
• Egypt unified by King Zoser in the 3rd
dynasty
• Capitol in Memphis
• Richest and most creative period
• Agriculture revolutionized by irrigation
• All pyramids built during this period
Old Kingdom2649-2150 BC
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
THE MASTABA
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Stepped Pyramid of Zoser
Imhotep
3rd Dynasty
ca. 2800 B.C.
Saqqara, Egypt
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Pyramids of Giza• Old Kingdom 4th Dynasty
• 2545-2450 B.C.
• Giza, Egypt
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
PYRAMID COMPLEX AT GIZA
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Middle Kingdom2030-1640 BC
• Egypt re-unified by Kings Menhotep and Intef in the 11th dynasty
• Capitol in Thebes, later moved back to
Memphis
• Trade and irrigation restored
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
New Kingdom1550-1070 BC
• Egypt restored by warrior king
• Extended empire to Syria & Palestine
• Period of great prosperity
• Religious revolution, one god, Amon-Ra
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Temple of Queen HatshepsutSenmut
New Kingdom 18th Dynasty
1490-1460 B.C.
Deir El-Bahari, Egypt
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Thebes in the New Kingdom
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Temple of Amon-RaNew Kingdom 18th-30th Dynasties
Ptolemaic Period
2000-343 B.C.
Karnak, Egypt
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Hypostyle
Hall
Watercolor
David Roberts
Early 1800’s
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Hypostyle Hall: “Hall with many columns”
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LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Closed
Papyrus
Column
Open
Papyrus
Column
LECTURE 2: Prehistoric and EgyptianARCH 1100: INTRO TO ARCHITECTURE
Temple of LuxorNew Kingdom 18th Dynasty
1370-1250 B.C.
Luxor, Egypt
Temple Entrance
Colossi of Ramesses II
