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Arboles y Arboles y Hurac Hurac á á nes nes Henry Mayer Miami-Dade Extension July 2, 2009 http://miami-dade.ifas.ufl.edu

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Arboles y Arboles y HuracHuracáánesnes

Henry MayerMiami-Dade Extension

July 2, 2009http://miami-dade.ifas.ufl.edu

South Florida es “Hurricane Country”

PuedePuede ser su carro!!!ser su carro!!!

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Con dedicacion su comunidad puede ser un modelo para otras comunidades

Un bosque urbano saludablepromueve:

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Bosque Bosque UrbanoUrbano 20072007--20082008

Los BosquesUrbanos son diferentes y cambiam!!

*http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/data/urban/state/?state=FL

Recommendacion :Establezca y maneje un buen programamediante:

� Having a comprehensive

tree management plan

� Having a structural pruning program

for young and mature trees

� Choosing more wind

resistance species

� Selecting the right species

� Designing the right place

� Planting high-quality trees

• Urban forest conditions such as overall tree canopy and composition

Pérdida de árboles depende de:

• Tree species, age, health, and structure

• Conditions during the hurricane such as precipitation and the time to move through an area

• Site characteristics such as soil conditions (for example soil depth and moisture)

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http://treesandhurricanes.ifas.ufl.edu

Lista de árboles resistentes a los vientos

Especies que resisten la podredumbre:

Laurel oakRoyal poinciana

FicusOrchid tree

Live oakMahogany

Gumbo-limboTamarind

Trees prone to decayTrees that resist decay

A mayor velocidad del viento más árboles se caerán

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

75 95 115 135 155 175

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R2 polyn=0.7154

y = 0.0032x2 - 0.4948x + 30.57

Siembre los árboles en grupos

Cuando un árbol se cae

SIEMBRE otro!

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jeanne Ivan Charley120 mph 130 mph 145 mph

Bra

nche

s Lo

st (%

)

0000

0000

0000

0 - 8 in.

9 - 20 in.

21 - 39 in.

40 - 79 in. The larger and older a tree is,

the more branches it will lose.

Arboles viejos se caen y quiebran más!

Arboles con daño interno se quiebran más!

Arboles con mala estructura se quiebranmás!

Arboles bien podadossobreviven más!

Live Oak Black Olive Gumbo Limbo0

20

40

60

80

100

1 �����

����

Tree

s S

tand

ing

Aft

er H

urri

cane

(%)

PorquePorque podarpodar ??

Débil vs. Fuerte

Buena Buena estructuraestructura!!

Case Study: Weston Lakes Maintenance Association, Weston, FL

Structural Pruning of 100 Common Area and 700 Swale Mahogany Trees

Case Study: Weston Lakes Maintenance Association, Weston, FL

Structural Remediation Complete

64%survival

0 to 3 m2

(0 to 39 ft2)

Street trees,Parking lots, Yards

73%survival

91%survival

Yards,Parks

4 to 7 m2

(40 to 75 ft2)> 7 m2

(> 75 ft2#

Campuses, Parks, Yards

Los árboles necesitanespacio para las raíces!

Falta de espacio!

Lack of mature rooting space/site constraints

� Give small trees

at least 10’ by 10’

� Give medium

treesat least 20’ by 20’

� Give large trees at least 30’ by 30’

Recommendation:

Give trees enough rooting space according to their mature size

Courtesy: James Urban

1.Arbol se sale del hoyo

3.Tronco principal partido

2.Ramas quebradas

6.Perdida de hojas

5.Sin dañoaparente

4.Arbol 4.Arbol inclinadoinclinado

Plan de RespuestaImmediately following stormStep 1: Remove hazards

Step 2: Stake fallen trees where possible

Step 3: Clean canopies of damaged trees

Before the next visit• Allow trees to regenerate energy reserves

• Develop a tree management program in the community

RECOMMENDATION: If a large tree uproots and falls over, it is basically dead and should be removed.

ArbolArbol salidosalido del del hoyohoyo

A small tree (under 4 inches in diameter) may be righted. Its future care needs to include staking and

watering as though it was freshly planted.

UprootUproot

Resiembra• Water as if the tree were

recently planted. Irrigate 3x a week with 3 gallons/inch trunk diameter. There is no

need to fertilize at this time.•Stake the tree. Adjust stakes and remove when tree is stable.

TroncoTronco principal principal partidopartido

� is essentially dead as an urban tree� should be removed

Muchas ramaspartidas

� Large broken branches may be able to be repaired through pruning. � Small branches can be pruned.� If a tree has lost more than ½ its crown, it may never regain its structure and health

Limpieza de la copa

Haga cortes lisos en los tocones y ramas.

Reduce back to lateral branch if one is present.

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Nunca hagacortes a ras

Wound wood does not develop evenly.

Cola de leónLions-tailing:trees with foliage concentrated at the tips of branches because inner branches were removed.• More susceptible to hurricane damage• Difficult to restore

Arboles caídos

Programa de Poda

Time needed

to restore:

• 4 + yrs.• four or more visits

• 3 – 4 yrs.• about threevisits

• 2 – 3 yrs. • about two visits

Mature (over 10” dbh)

Medium-aged (5-10”

dbh)

Young (under 5” dbh)

* dbh – diameter at breast height

Manejo de Brotes

Reduzca algunos- Shorten 1/3 of the sprouts. They will continue to store energy, but will eventually be removed.

Remueva algunos- Remove 1/3 of the sprouts to allow space for the most vigorous ones to grow.

Deje algunos- These will develop into the new branches.

RemueveRemueve a a DejeDeje??

Remueva hojas que dañan al cogollo

SIN PODA ACEPTABLE DEMASIADA PODA

Pines may show no immediate visible damage after a hurricane but may decline over time

SIN dañosvisibles

Contract specification requirements: All trees FL grade No. 1 or better; UF-IFAS planting detail; post-plant inspection;

SIEMBRA

SE NECESITA VER LA RAíZ

Antes

Después

SiembraSiembra –– 5 5 ”” profundoprofundo!!

Pre-plant root ball inspection, excavation and preparation

Kept covered and moist, the cut ends do regenerate an amazing number of roots.

Si daña las raices el arbol se caera!

REMUEVALAS!

Poor maintenance practices

REMUEVALAS!

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