HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY APR 1 8 1972McMASTER UNIVERSITY

SCIE:NCE:AMERICAN ASSOCIATION lOR THE ADVANCEMENT

7 April 1972Vol. 176, No. 4030

vOF 'SCIENCE

Some things are changing forthe better.Many people know us as an instrumentmanufacturer. we make more than 2,000products for measurement, test and analysis.Others know us as a computer company: morethan 10,000 own our programmable calcu-lators and computers. We prefer to think thatour business is to serve measurement, analysisand computation needs ... in science.industry, medicine and education. This is therationale behind every new instrument,computer or system that we tell you aboutin these ads This month.

A sensor-based systemthat makes real sense.

There's a growing demand in industry and researchlaboratories for sensor-based computer systems thathandle great quantities of analog and digital information.Systems built from programmable instruments usuallyare too expensive: people pay for equipment featuresthat they don't need. Yet the alternative has been apiecemeal approach -break down the customer'sproblem into several parts and use separate 'mini-systems' to solve each part independently.

Now there's a third choice - Hewlett-Packard's newfamily of compact data acquisition and control systemsfor cost-effective automation in industry and research.A 9600 Series system monitors, collects, andprocesses information from sensor-based sources. Itthen can generate reports, control power supplies, alertoperators, drive graphic displays and plotters, andproduce control signals for closed loop operations.Although you can't be everywhere at once -super-vising and trouble-shooting - our system can.

Two new subsystems within the 9600. one analogand one digital, now do the things a number ofprogrammable instruments used to do. These instrumentfunctions are contained on plug-in cards. Instead ofadding individual instruments, you merely slip in aninexpensive printed cirucuit board.

The 9600 data acquisition systems are modular.Start with a minimum low-cost system to control a singletest or experiment, and expand with your growing needs.

The full story on the 9600 System family isyours for the asking.

Nothing can outperform this newdigital GC - even at twice the price.

When the HP 9600 rolls through your door, Because the gas chromatograph (GC) is essentiallyyour real-time and data acquisition tasks a tool for qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis,hecome a lot easier to perform. This new

sytmaiys ogsi sth fiin n its value ultimately depends on how well It does thissystems family's long suit Is the efficient andeconomic handling of multitudes of analoq job. Over the years, many new models have beenand digital information. simultaneouslv introduced that perform more accurately than previous

This would be an unusual case - using abattery-powered counter to check out the

frequency of a mountain rescue-team's radioequipment - but it illustrates that HP'sportable instruments can go anywhere

service is needed.

instruments - at a price. The truly amazing thing aboutthe new HP 5700 GC is this: it produces more accurateand precise retention time (qualitative) and peak area(quantitative) data than any GC ever built. Yet itcosts about half as much as top-of-the-line GCs ofcomparable quality.

A new bulletin on the 5700 fully documents this per-haps startling claim. Until you have a chance to studythis data consider this: one of the first 5700s off theproduction line was used "as is" to make two series ofreplicate analytical runs, one series before and oneafter an overnight shutdown. The sample used in bothseries contained seven components, out to C17.

The results speak for themselves. In terms of repeataccuracy, the mean retention time of each of the sevencomponents differed less than 0.01 minute after theovernight shutdown; the normalized area % varied onlywithin ±0.001%. In terms of precision, the standarddeviations of the replicate retention time measurementsfell within 0.0175, both before and after the overnightshutdown; the standard deviations of the area % datawere all within 0.0038. No other GC, regardless ofprice, can do better.

For a fully documented proof of performance as wellas a factual description of this new all-digital, computer-compatible automatic GC, write for Bulletin 5700.

Po be Instuetsgowhere the problem Is.Capital equipment such as mobile or remote communi-cations systems and million dollar computers have atleast two things in common. They are electronicallycomplex, and they can't be taken into a service centerwhen they need repair. Today's traveling field serviceengineer must have laboratory quality equipmentthat will go where he goes.

HP's portable instruments enable service engineersto diagnose and repair this equipment on the spot,reducing expensive downtime. Our portable scopes aresmall enough to fit under an airliner seat, and, at 24pounds, are light enough to be carried up antennamasts and into other hard-to-reach places. An HPelectronic counter can be held in one hand - it takesonly seconds to snap on a function module that providesthe specific measuring capability needed. Then there'sour multi-function meter -a high performance, instant-reading voltmeter and ohmmeter rolled into one.

And the length of HP's portable measuring capabilityisn't limited by the distance to the nearest wall socket.Most of our portable instruments feature their ownaccessory battery pack. Many can run off ordinary car,plane or boat batteries as well as a standard power line.And all of them deliver HP precision in a rugged,portable package.

Ask for the full story on portable instruments thatgo where the problem is. Write Hewlett-Packard, 1507Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California 94304; Europe:1217 Meyrin-Geneva, Switzerland.

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IWe want to be useful...and even interestingSo does your libraryOur biggest-ticket item is the KODAK KOM-90 Microfilmer.It translates from magnetic tape to microfilm at 120,000characters a second. Fast way to milk a computer and micro-publish the output in manageable form. University of Pitts-burgh has one.A project is afoot there to find out what a community of

scholars wants of its library. Sure, scholars claim to want tosavor of the corpus of all recorded knowledge and thought, inorder to remedy its deficiencies. But what do they really wantnowadays?

Schemes for automating the corpus have not been lacking.The more ambitious, the better. All come up against thepatron's urge to crawl out from under the edge of an all-encompassing scheme, proving it is impossible to anticipate

Knowledge by eye

how I think. Institutions likewise treasure their individuality.The people at Pittsburgh are examining how an individual

institution's processing of the MARC (Machine-ReadableCataloging) tapes from the Library of Congress can bestserve its community. The planners of MARC wisely stuck toextant technology. Visitors from Kodak bring to Pittsburghinside knowledge of where science might build technologyif customers want it.

For contact with the project, write Knowledge Availability SystemsCenter, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15213. To bone up onMARC before troubling Pittsburgh, send $2.25 to the Superintendentof Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402 for Document LC 1.2:M 18/5.To buy or rent microfilming equipment, look up Kodak under thatheading in the Yellow Pages.

Vision extended by ZIP codeNow that enough ecologists and otherbiologists are extending their vision intothe near infrared by means of 35mmKODAK EKTACHROME Infrared Film in20-exposure magazines, processingcomes easy. A KODAK Prepaid Process-ing Mailer PK20, sold by almost anyphoto dealer, now does it. Back comeslides from the nearest Kodak Process-ing Station, ready for the projector, justas though everybody expected to seegreen as blue, red as green, and infraredas red.

... but you may get trappedSo, having noted the above, one loadsup a 35mm camera, mounts a KODAKWRATTEN Filter No. 12 in front of thelens to keep out blue light, and hires alight plane.

It's a beginning. Whether aloft, inthe field, or in the lab, the most youhave a right to expect from the firsttrial of infrared color film is encourage-ment. You are trying to put one of yourprivate and more subjective sensorychannels at the disposal of science. Forscience's sake, objectivity must besought. Between the colors perceivedand the hard facts conveyed throughinfrared reflectance, tight linkage isneeded. Kodak color products and serv-ices that cover the visible spectrum sellwell without a claim to fidelity. In theinfrared the claim would be meaning-less. Reproducibility is what matters.

Unless that first set of slides backfrom the processing station has an-swered all questions and exhausted theline of inquiry, more photography is

called for. Perhaps quite a bit more be-fore one learns the look that one islooking for. One would like to be ableto count on constancy of rendition.A very small difference in the pro-

portions of three dyes at a given pointin the picture can make a very big dif-ference in the look. That it works at allis a miracle. Yet daily in darkroomsthe world around, dyes are made toform in something like the right pro-portions, through manual methods, insmall tanks, by people whose principalinterest is not photographic processing.It stands to reason that automatic equip-ment in continuous operation undercontrol of specialists might yield morereproducible results. It further standsto reason that for even better repro-ducibility the specialists should con-

centrate on that, rather than on pro-viding enjoyment to millions of familiesthe way Kodak processing specialistsdo. An important inquiry where pho-tography is important may deserve itsown specialists.The trend has been strong in recent

years toward high-volume processing.The chemical engineers who design themachines and take pride in their effi-ciency want high operating tempera-tures. This influences the design of thefilms.

Therefore where color photography-infrared or not-finds important use as atool of investigation more than just com-munication, it is well to maintain frequentcontact with Kodak, Scientific Photogra-phy Markets, Rochester, N. Y. 14650.

We also feel obligated to point out that direct infrared photographywithout color is less demanding while still intriguing. What wouldthe student conclude from this comparison?

PANCHROMATIC INFRARED

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