Approved by DC-E USCG AuxA, Inc

BOATING SKILLS AND BOATING SKILLS AND SEAMANSHIPSEAMANSHIP

BOATING SKILLS AND BOATING SKILLS AND SEAMANSHIPSEAMANSHIP

Lesson 4

HANDLING YOUR BOAT

2

Lesson Objectives

• Boat handling and loading• Fueling and 1/3 rule• Prop selection and operation• Safe boating operation• Anchoring procedures• About hypothermia• Undocking and docking/mooring• Heavy weather operations

3

Fueling Your Boat

• 1/3 rule

• Ground fuel hose to boat rail or gas cap

• Keep fumes out

• Prevent spills

• Portable tanks

• Gasoline in bilge

4

Getting Started

• Brief your guests

• Check on weather

• Life jackets out and ready

• Test throttle and steering

• Gas and oil – check gages

• Engine warmed up – check gages & tell tale

5

Hull TypesHandling Characteristics

Hull TypesHandling Characteristics

6

Propellers

• Selecting the right prop• To protect prop, use:

– Shear pin– Slip Hub

• Should carry on board– Spare pins– Spare prop– Tools

• Guard against cavitation & ventilation

7

Propeller Diameter and Pitch

Propeller Diameter and Pitch

8

Powering your boatPowering your boat

• The Prop

• Modifications

• Speed vs. Horse Power

9

Jet DrivesJet Drives

• PWCs …………………………. Age?

• OTS ………………………… Kill Switch

• Local Laws

10

Safety First• Don’t overload• Secure load from shifting• Bow, gunwales, seat backs, stern are

not seats• Don’t’ Stand

11

SteeringSteering

• Car– Front wheels steer and vehicle moves in

direction you turn

• Boat– Stern steers & back half of boat moves in

opposite direction before eventually moving in direction you intend

– Pivot point generally 1/3 back from bow– May control with spring lines– Stopping

12

Driving Cars and Boats

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Steering, Single Prop

• Forward gear, stern moves in opposite direction• Reverse gear, stern moves in direction of turn• Right hand prop has small prop walk to right in

forward, larger walk to port in reverse

14

Steering Twin - Props

• Each Engine Will have Its own Throttle and Gear Controls

• You Can Turn Slowly by Operating One Engine Faster Than the Other

• Prop walk offset by one left & one right hand prop. When operating only one, remember walk

• You Can PIVOT in a Narrow Area by Putting One engine in FORWARD, the Other in REVERSE

15

Steering Techniques Twin Propellers

Steering Techniques Twin Propellers

• Steer with rudder when at speed• Use differential prop thrust at dock• Use both rudder and thrust to walk

sideways– Forward on port, reverse on starboard to

swing bow to starboard– Since forward prop has more thrust, rudder

to port with above also moves stern to starboard

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Steering Techniques Jet Drive

Steering Techniques Jet Drive

• No prop; no prop walk• No neutral; balance forward & reverse

thrust• Turns requirepower use burst• Pivot pointnearer intake; sharp turns

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Tilt AdjustmentTilt Adjustment

• Drop bow in rough water for comfort and damage prevention

• Lift bow in flat water for speed

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• Wind & Current

• Crew

• Slow and easy (“Fending Off”)

• Lines & Fenders

DockingDocking

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Docking or Undocking

• Where is wind?– What is its effect on your boat?

• Where is current?– What is its effect on your boat?

• When docking – Check wind & current by stopping boat.

– Use ample amount of neutral

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Leaving dock - Wind off dock

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Leaving dock - Wind on bow

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Springing Away From Dock; Wind Onto Dock

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Docking - Wind Onto Dock

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Docking - Wind off DockDocking - Wind off Dock

25

Anchor Types

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Anchoring

• Boat’s Motion

• Lowering Anchor

• Setting Anchor

• Anchor Dragging

• Deck Fastenings

• Checking Position

27

Anchor Rode

• Everything between boat and anchor– Line– Thimble– Shackle– Wire Lock– Chain

28

• Rode– Name For the Line and All Associated Gear

From Boat to Anchor

• Chain – Connects between Anchor and Line– Prevent Chafing of line on Bottom

• Recommended use of nylon line– Stretches as wave action lifts vessel – Acts as a shock absorber

The Anchor RodeThe Anchor Rode

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Deploying the Anchor

• Find a protected spot• Head Your boat Into wind/current • Stop Boat• Lower the anchor until it reaches bottom • Back slowly while letting out the Line• Normal Scope:• 7 TO 1• If Depth is 10 ft

Scope is 70 ft

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Properly Set AnchorProperly Set Anchor

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Raising the Anchor

• Head the boat toward the anchor – Go head slowly, hauling In the Line

• Stop Boat when Over Anchor (Line is Straight down)

• Lift Anchor Slowly

• Use Care – Prevent the Anchor From Bashing against the Hull

32

Getting Underway

• Weighing anchor

• Fouled anchor

• Using boat’s power

33

Heavy WeatherHeavy Weather

• The Warning Signs

• Radio

• Radar

• Visibility

• Narrow Inlets

• Bars

• Get Advice

34

Underway Preparation

• Heavy Weather– Close topside openings– Pump out bilges– Secure loose gear– Put on life jackets– Break out emergency gear– Check / update position– Look for shelter– Instruct crew

35

Broaching

36

PitchpolingPitchpoling

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YawingYawing

• Unintended turning of boat due to slow speed or loss of rudder contact with water at crest of wave

• May require considerable engine power to overcome once prop & rudder back in water

38

Using a DrogueUsing a Drogue

39

Operating in “thick” Weather

• Operate at a Safe Speed

• Need to:– See and be seen– Hear and be heard

• Use:– Lookouts forward– Passive radar reflector

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The Sea is so LargeThe Sea is so Large

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Safety at SeaSafety at Sea

• Equipment– You get what you pay for

• Knowledge and experience– You are here

• Common sense– Know when to go and when not

• Have a plan– MOB, Medical Emergency,Spill, Lost, Out

of Fuel, Mechanical Failure, Fire At Sea, and Sinking

42

Running AgroundRunning Aground

• Check for leaks

• Raise outboard

• Move passengers to stern

• Try rocking boat

• Place anchor astern and pull off

• Call for assistance

43

Environmental ConcernsEnvironmental Concerns

• Follow markers

• Don’t stir up bottom

• Use proper anchoring technique

• Properly dispose of waste

• Beware of oil and fuel spills

44

Summary• Fueling procedures

• The propeller

• Driving boat vs. car

• Twin vs. single screw handling

• Tilt adjustments

• Loading the boat

• Getting started

• Leaving pier and docking

• Mooring and anchoring

• Heavy weather