Hygiene Promotion Approaches

What is an Approach?

• Specific system of methods that are used to promote hygiene.

• Governed by particular principles of engagement.

• Methods - stand alone activities and tools

Approaches to Hygiene Promotion

• Child to Child

• CHAST

• Campaigns

• Social marketing

• PHAST/ Faster PHAST

• Behaviour Change Communication (BCC)

Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST)

PHAST

Its an approach:•To working with communities (participatory)•Helps people to feel more confident•Empowering process

It can help you to enable community members to: •work out what they want to do•How it should be implemented•How it should be paid for•How to make sure it is sustained

PHAST seeks to help communities

• Improve hygiene behaviours• Prevent diarrhoea diseases• Encourage community management of water and

Sanitation facilities

It does this by •demonstrating relationship between sanitation and health status•Increasing the self-esteem of community members•Empowering the community to plan environmental improvements and to own and operate water and sanitation facilities

HOW

SEVEN STEPS1.Problem identification2.Problem analysis3.Planning for solutions4.Selecting options5.Planning for new facilities and behaviour change6.Planning for monitoring and evaluation7.Participatory evaluation

HOW

• Select the group (representative, affected)• Group size (>40)• Be prepared to spend few days to weeks in

emergencies and few weeks to months in development setting

• Understand the steps and prepare necessary materials (tools) and environments for free discussions

1. Problem identification

• Community stories• Health problems in

our community (pair wise ranking)

• Unserialised posters

Outcome:

The group should have identified the main issues facing its community and have decided if diarrhoea is a priority and they wish to continue with the remaining steps

2. Problem analysis1. Mapping water and

sanitation in our community

2. Good and bad hygiene behaviour

3. Investigating community practices

4. How diseases spread

1. Community mapping

2. Three pile sorting3. Pocket chart4. Transmission route

Outcome:

Understanding of diseases transmission in daily practices and how to improve them

3. Planning for solutions

1. Blocking the spread of disease

2. Selecting barriers3. Tasks of men and

women in the community

1. Blocking the routes2. Barrier charts3. Gender role analysis

Outcome:

The group members should have identified various ways to prevent diarrhoea in the community

4. Selecting Options

1. Choosing sanitation options

2. Choosing improved hygiene behaviours

3. Taking time for questions

1. Sanitation options2. Three pile sorting3. Question box

Outcome:The group would have made informed choice about changes to facilities and hygiene behaviours it wants to make

5. Planning for new facilities and behaviour change

1. Planning for change2. Planning who does

what3. Identifying what

might go wrong

1. Planning posters

2. Problem box

Outcome:

Group come up with broken down process and task as well roles and contributions

6. Planning for monitoring and evaluation

• Preparing to check our progress

• Monitoring chart

7. Participatory evaluation

• Checking our progress • Use different tools

Others

• Making a tool kit (use of artist and training for artist)

• Be a good facilitator• Train others

ADVANTAGES

• Helps to determine whether or not health and hygiene problems is a big concern

• Empowering approach• Sustainability and ownership