Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baselinelupm.urban-industrial.in/live/hrdpmp/hrdpmaster/igep/content/e6551… · or updated information is made available. However,

Approach to Draft State Land Use (Planning) Policy - Baseline

GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project

Disclaimer

The information contained in this document is based on facts, assumptions and representations stated

herein. Our assessment and opinions are based on facts and circumstances provided/collected during our

meetings with officials related to project and research from sources in public domain, which are held to be

reliable. If any of these facts, assumptions or representations is not entirely complete or accurate, the

conclusions drawn therein could undergo material change and the incompleteness or inaccuracy could cause

us to change our opinions. The assertions and conclusions are based on the information available at the

time of writing this report and author’s opinion towards assertion or conclusion is liable to change if new

or updated information is made available. However, this shall not construe that the author is responsible

to rework any such assertion or conclusion if new or updated information is made available.

Whilst the information in this document has been prepared in good faith, it is not and does not claim to be

comprehensive or have been independently verified. Neither author or any of GIZ experts or advisors

accept any responsibility or liability as to or in relation to adequacy, accuracy, reasonableness or

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expressly disclaimed.

The information contained in this document is selective and is subject to updating, expansion, revision and

amendment. It does not, and does not purport to, contain all the information that a recipient may require.



Acknowledgement

GIZ gratefully acknowledges the individuals and organisations that have contributed their time, energy and

views towards formulation of the Approach to Draft State Land User (Planning) Policy - Baseline.

In particular, the guidance and contributions provided by Mr CS Chandrashekhar, Principal Secretary,

Revenue and Disaster Management, Mr G Mathi Vathanan, Secretary, Housing and Urban Development,

and Mr Sangram K. Mohapatra, Joint Secretary, Revenue and Disaster Management, Mr Subhendra Mishra,

Chief Planner and Director, Directorate of Town Planning for shaping contents of the report were

tremendous.

We would also like to acknowledge the support received from the Secretaries and other Department

Officials from the state departments for Forest and Environment, Industries, MSME Department, Housing

and Urban Development (H&UD), Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Public Works Department, Water

Resources Department, and Directorate of Town Planning.

We would also like to thank Mr Patnaik, H&UD who arranged and coordinated all meetings through the

Ganjam region and state for gathering information on the current planning processes. The support received

from Additional District Magistrate Ganjam, who helped us understand most recent planning processes

and sectoral initiatives that has been incorporated in convergence of sectoral plans and policies at a district

or regional level.

Special appreciation goes to Mr Dinesh Singh, Secretary, Department of Land Resources and Mrs Veena

Ish, Additional Secretary, Department of Land Resources, for trusting and guiding us through the process.

In particular we would like to mention the constant interactions, brainstorming and guidance as provided

by Mrs Sudha Keshari, Economic Advisor, DoLR, Mr Vipin Kumar Bansal, DIGF, DoLR, Mr Niraj

Kumar, Director, DoLR, Mr GL Gupta, Deputy Director, DoLR and their team for sparing time for

numerous meeting and discussions with GIZ team and keeping us on our toes with regular reviews.

Last but not the least I would like to thank GIZ team.



Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 IMPORTANCE/SIGNIFICANCE OF LAND USE PLANNING ...................................................................... 1 1.2 LAND AND CONSTITUTION OF INDIA ................................................................................................. 2 1.3 SPATIAL GOVERNANCE ..................................................................................................................... 3

1.3.1 Public Policy and Land Use ................................................................................................................ 4 1.3.2 Working Groups and Consultations ...................................................................................................... 6

2 DEPARTMENT ROLES/MANDATE ................................................................................................. 8

3 LAND USE CATEGORISATION....................................................................................................... 29

3.1 FORESTS ........................................................................................................................................ 29 3.1.1 Forest Cover ................................................................................................................................. 29 3.1.2 Protected Areas.............................................................................................................................. 30 3.1.3 Major Concerns in Management of Protected Areas ................................................................................. 32 3.1.4 Regulations/Laws relating to Protected Areas ........................................................................................ 32

3.2 GRASSLANDS, GRAZING LANDS/PASTURES ...................................................................................... 34 3.2.1 Grassland Classification................................................................................................................... 34 3.2.2 Grassland Categorisation ................................................................................................................. 35 3.2.3 Challenges Faced by Grasslands, Grazing Lands and Pastures .................................................................. 38 3.2.4 Issues in Grassland Protection ........................................................................................................... 40

3.3 WATER BODIES .............................................................................................................................. 40 3.3.1 Challenges of Water Sector ................................................................................................................ 41 3.3.2 Watershed Management and Land Use Planning ................................................................................... 42 3.3.3 Water Bodies as a Land Use ............................................................................................................ 42

3.4 AGRICULTURE ................................................................................................................................ 45 3.4.1 Agriculture Land Use Classification ................................................................................................... 46 3.4.2 Total Cultivated Area ..................................................................................................................... 47 3.4.3 Total Agricultural / Cultivable / Culturable Area ................................................................................ 47 3.4.4 Agro-Climatic Zones ....................................................................................................................... 48

3.5 INDUSTRIES .................................................................................................................................... 49 3.5.1 Industrial Units ............................................................................................................................. 49 3.5.2 Industrial Areas ............................................................................................................................ 55

3.6 MINES ............................................................................................................................................ 58 3.6.1 UNFC on Fossil Energy, Mineral Reserves and Resources 2009. .............................................................. 58 3.6.2 Mine Extraction Technology ............................................................................................................. 61

3.7 INFRASTRUCTURE ........................................................................................................................... 63 3.7.1 Roads.......................................................................................................................................... 63 3.7.2 Airports ...................................................................................................................................... 64 3.7.3 Ports ........................................................................................................................................... 64 3.7.4 Inland Waterways .......................................................................................................................... 65 3.7.5 Railways ...................................................................................................................................... 65 3.7.6 Other Logistics .............................................................................................................................. 65 3.7.7 Power .......................................................................................................................................... 66

3.8 SETTLEMENTS ................................................................................................................................ 67 3.8.1 Settlement: Land Use Components...................................................................................................... 67 3.8.2 Residential.................................................................................................................................... 68 3.8.3 Commercial................................................................................................................................... 68



3.8.4 Mix of Residential and Commercial .................................................................................................... 68 3.8.5 Industries ..................................................................................................................................... 69 3.8.6 Recreational .................................................................................................................................. 69 3.8.7 Public and Semi Public .................................................................................................................... 69 3.8.8 Public Utilities and Facilities ............................................................................................................ 71 3.8.9 Others/Miscellaneous ...................................................................................................................... 71

3.9 WASTELAND .................................................................................................................................. 72 3.9.1 Gullied/Ravine Land ..................................................................................................................... 72 3.9.2 Land with Scrub ............................................................................................................................ 72 3.9.3 Water Logged Marshy Land ............................................................................................................. 73 3.9.4 Land Affected by Salinity/Alkalinity ................................................................................................. 73 3.9.5 Shifting Cultivation ........................................................................................................................ 73 3.9.6 Underutilised/Degraded Land........................................................................................................... 73 3.9.7 Sands (Dessert/Coastal/Riverine) ...................................................................................................... 74 3.9.8 Mining/Industrial Wasteland ........................................................................................................... 74 3.9.9 Barren/Rocky Area ....................................................................................................................... 75 3.9.10 Snow Covered/Glacial Areas ........................................................................................................ 75

4 LAND USE STATISTICS .................................................................................................................... 76

4.1 LAND UTILISATION PATTERN OF ODISHA ........................................................................................ 76 4.2 LAND UTILISATION RELATED TO AGRICULTURE .............................................................................. 80

4.2.1 Land under Micro Irrigation ............................................................................................................. 81 4.3 LIVESTOCK IN ODISHA ................................................................................................................... 81 4.4 FORESTS IN ODISHA ....................................................................................................................... 83

4.4.1 Forest Cover Within and Outside Recorded Forest Area .......................................................................... 83 4.4.2 Forest Conservation Efforts ............................................................................................................... 84 4.4.3 Protected Area Network in Odisha ..................................................................................................... 85 4.4.4 Tiger Reserves in Odisha .................................................................................................................. 85 4.4.5 Elephant Reserves in Odisha ............................................................................................................. 86 4.4.6 Important Bird Areas of Odisha ........................................................................................................ 86

4.5 WET LANDS ................................................................................................................................... 87 4.6 WATER RESOURCES IN ODISHA ....................................................................................................... 88

4.6.1 Surface Water Resources of Odisha ..................................................................................................... 89 4.6.2 River basins of Odisha ..................................................................................................................... 89 4.6.3 Ground Water Resources of Odisha .................................................................................................... 92 4.6.4 Irrigation...................................................................................................................................... 93

4.7 WASTE LANDS ................................................................................................................................ 94

5 SECTORAL POLICIES – KEY FEATURES ...................................................................................... 95

5.1 AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED ............................................................................................................ 95 5.2 SETTLEMENTS .............................................................................................................................. 109 5.3 FISHERIES .................................................................................................................................... 114 5.4 WATERBODIES ............................................................................................................................. 117 5.5 INDUSTRIES AND MINES................................................................................................................ 119 5.6 INFRASTRUCTURE ......................................................................................................................... 134 5.7 FORESTS ...................................................................................................................................... 141 5.8 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION .......................................................................................................... 144 5.9 TOURISM ...................................................................................................................................... 145 5.10 LAND ACQUISITION AND ALLOCATION PROCESS............................................................................ 150

6 DEPARTMENT VS LAND USE THEME MATRIX ...................................................................... 155

6.1 KEY FUNCTIONS .......................................................................................................................... 155 6.1.1 Acquisition ................................................................................................................................. 155



6.1.2 Dependency ................................................................................................................................. 155 6.1.3 Develop ..................................................................................................................................... 155 6.1.4 Disaster Management .................................................................................................................... 155 6.1.5 Execute Schemes .......................................................................................................................... 156 6.1.6 Impacted .................................................................................................................................... 156 6.1.7 Influence .................................................................................................................................... 156 6.1.8 Influenced ................................................................................................................................... 156 6.1.9 Invest ........................................................................................................................................ 156 6.1.10 Maintain ............................................................................................................................... 157 6.1.11 Maintain Statistics ................................................................................................................... 157 6.1.12 Monitor and Approve Interventions............................................................................................... 157 6.1.13 Negative Influence .................................................................................................................... 157 6.1.14 Plan ..................................................................................................................................... 158 6.1.15 Promote ................................................................................................................................. 158 6.1.16 Provide Technical Support .......................................................................................................... 158

6.2 FORESTS AND PROTECTED AREAS ................................................................................................. 158 6.3 GRASSLANDS, GRAZING LAND AND PASTURES ............................................................................... 159 6.4 WATERBODIES ............................................................................................................................. 160 6.5 AGRICULTURE .............................................................................................................................. 162 6.6 INDUSTRIES .................................................................................................................................. 163 6.7 MINES .......................................................................................................................................... 165 6.8 TOURISM ...................................................................................................................................... 166 6.9 INFRASTRUCTURE ......................................................................................................................... 168 6.10 SETTLEMENTS .............................................................................................................................. 171 6.11 WASTELANDS ............................................................................................................................... 172

7 APPROACH TO POLICY FORMULATION - WORKING GROUP AND THEMES ................... 175

7.1 WORKING GROUP ........................................................................................................................ 176 7.1.1 Working Group Representatives ....................................................................................................... 176

7.2 GIZ SUPPORT ............................................................................................................................... 176 7.3 PANEL OF ACADEMIC EXPERTS ..................................................................................................... 177 7.4 THEMES AND SUB-THEMES: KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND INVITEES .................................................... 178

7.4.1 Theme: Environment ..................................................................................................................... 178 7.4.2 Theme: Economy .......................................................................................................................... 180 7.4.3 Theme: Society ............................................................................................................................. 184 7.4.4 Waste lands ................................................................................................................................ 186

8 PROPOSED STRUCTURE OF STATE LAND USE (PLANNING) POLICY ............................... 188

ANNEXURE 1 ................................................................................................................................................I

ANNEXURE 2 .......................................................................................................................................... XVII

List of Tables

TABLE 1: MANDATE OF DEPARTMENT .............................................................................................................. 10 TABLE 2: LAND USE OF ODISHA ....................................................................................................................... 77 TABLE 3: TREND IN LAND USE PATTERN OF ODISHA (2003 – 2014) ................................................................... 78 TABLE 4: TREND IN CROPPING PATTERN OF ODISHA (2009 – 2016) ................................................................... 80 TABLE 5: LIVESTOCK IN ODISHA ...................................................................................................................... 81 TABLE 6: FOREST COVER WITHIN AND OUTSIDE RECORDED FOREST AREA....................................................... 83 TABLE 7: FOREST COVER IN DIFFERENT PATCH SIZE CLASSES ........................................................................... 84



TABLE 8: PROTECTED AREA NETWORK IN ODISHA ........................................................................................... 85 TABLE 9: IMPORTANT BIRD AREAS IN ODISHA .................................................................................................. 86 TABLE 10: WETLANDS IN ODISHA .................................................................................................................... 88 TABLE 11: ODISHA RIVER SYSTEMS AND DRAINAGE AREA ................................................................................ 89 TABLE 12: ODISHA GROUND WATER RESOURCES AND SECTORAL UTILISATION ................................................. 92 TABLE 13: ODISHA IRRIGATION POTENTIAL CREATED AND UTILISED ............................................................... 93 TABLE 14: WASTE LAND IN ODISHA ................................................................................................................. 94 TABLE 15 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR FORESTS AND PROTECTED AREAS .................. 158 TABLE 16 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR GRASSLANDS, GRAZING LAND AND PASTURES 159 TABLE 17 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR WATERBODIES .............................................. 161 TABLE 18 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR AGRICULTURE ............................................... 162 TABLE 19 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR INDUSTRIES ................................................... 163 TABLE 20 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR MINES ........................................................... 166 TABLE 21 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR TOURISM ....................................................... 166 TABLE 22 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR INFRASTRUCTURE .......................................... 168 TABLE 23 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR SETTLEMENTS ............................................... 171 TABLE 24 LAND USE GOVERNANCE INTERACTION MATRIX FOR WASTELANDS ................................................ 172

List of Figures

FIGURE 1: HOW LAND IS BEING USED ................................................................................................................. 4 FIGURE 2: WORKING GROUP ............................................................................................................................. 6 FIGURE 3: FOREST COVER OF ODISHA .............................................................................................................. 83 FIGURE 4: RIVER BASINS OF ODISHA ................................................................................................................ 90 FIGURE 5: LAND ACQUISITION AND ALLOCATION PROCESS............................................................................. 151 FIGURE 6: WORKING GROUP AND THEMES .................................................................................................... 175


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page 1 of 189

Land use planning and management is a complex word that can be constructed in following simple steps:

1. Land: Land is the base for everything, that dry surface of earth, where most of the human activities

happen

2. Land Use: Generally reference to any and all possible activities that are associated with land,

irrespective of ownership, whether natural or manmade, urban or rural, on the surface – in the air

– or underground, in the public or private domain, etc.

3. Land Use Planning: The process of describing, reporting, mapping a baseline of all uses, potentials

and weakness of various land uses so as to gain spatial and temporal intelligence; followed by using

the same to balance, overview, envision all possible evolutions and thereby increase the possibility

of gaining a spatial order that reduces conflicts, respects environment, secures investments and

creates social harmony.

4. Land Use Planning and Management: The practice of all necessary actions, possible coordination

mechanisms, and creation of binding frameworks for ensuring a balanced spatial order as envisaged

in a land use plan.

The patterns of human use of land effect a wide variety of outcomes – ranging from the day-to-day quality

of human life, ecological sustainability including climate change adaptation and mitigation and impact on

other forms of life, economic and social balance between urban and rural communities, to food security

etc.

India has over 17 per cent of world's population but only 2.4 per cent of world’s geographical area. Due to

its growing population, the per capita availability of land in India has reduced from 0.91 ha in 1951 to 0.27

ha in 2011. The situation of Odisha is even more constrained with the state representing more than 3.47

per cent of India’s population in less than 4.74 per cent of its area, of which only about 8 per cent of land

is available for all uses other than agriculture, forests and utilisable wasteland.

With increase in population and possibility of shrinking land mass due to increased coastal erosion and

floods due to climate change, the per capita availability of land is expected to reduce further.

Migration to urban areas and non-farm employment has become priority for economic development.

Government of Odisha is increasingly focusing on developing economic/industrial corridors and

improving urban areas for habitation purposes. Such developments are being promoted in partnerships

with the community, national and international private sector, bilateral and multilateral agencies, as well as

central government through various schemes like Smart Cities, AMRUT, HRIDAY, PMAY – urban, major

and minor port projects, NIMS, Logistics Parks, SEZs, IT Parks etc. and other planning socio-enviro-

economic planning approaches. At the same time, the government is focussing on improving rural

economies and rural infrastructure with schemes like integrated watershed management, PMGSY, PMKSY,

Rurban and developing other rural and agri-infrastructure on hub and spoke models and network concepts.

Judicious use of land resources has become foremost significant in all sustainable and developmental

purposes. Experience with disasters over the past decade has necessitated the Government of Odisha to

enhance use of spatial land use planning as a tool for guided development as compared to ad-hoc allocation



of land for various development projects. It is expected that this would lead to better consideration of

socio-enviro-economic aspects leading to sustainability.

It is important to note the following points were some of the highlights in a recent study by the Organisation

for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

Land use planning decisions are directly linked to approximately one third of all man made carbon

dioxide emissions since 1850.

Land and buildings on it constitute for about 86 per cent of the total capital in OECD countries.

Land use planning decisions are directly linked to rising wealth inequalities as small changes in

valuations result in major consequences on distribution of wealth.

Land and land use has a strong sentimental value as people are attached to land, have a sense of

belonging and it is closely linked to cultural aspects.

World over, Integrated Spatial Land Use Planning is known to result in accrued benefits leading to

sustainable development that finds the right balance between economic aspects (agriculture, mining,

industries and commerce etc.), social aspects (urban as well as rural settlements, equity of distribution etc.)

as well as the environmental aspects (natural resource management, disaster prevention and mitigation,

forest, climate change etc.).

Land is a finite resource. There are competing and often conflicting demands for land for economic and

social needs in the development sector, it is imperative that effective land use systems be put in place to

ensure sustainability and ecological balance.

According to the constitution of India, land is a State Subject as per Entries No. 18 and No. 45 in List II,

State List. The power to enact laws concerning land vests with the State Legislatures. However, some entries

in List I, Union List and in List III, Concurrent List of the Seventh Schedule of Constitution of India

provide necessary leeway to National Government for interventions in terms of projects in the form of

strategic, economic, social, environmental corridors and zones of national importance passing across

multiple states. Sometimes, these interventions are direct, but in the spirit of the constitution these are often

incentive linked.

Some of the relevant entries in List I, Union List of the Seventh Schedule of Constitution of India are

mentioned below:

22. Railways

23. National Highways

24. Shipping and navigation on inland national waterways

25. Maritime shipping and navigation

27. Major Ports including their delimitation

32. Property of the Union

53. Oilfields and mineral oil resources

54. Mines and mineral development

56. Interstate rivers and river valleys

67. Ancient and historical monuments and records, and archaeological sites and remains of national

importance

81. Interstate migration

87. Estate duty in respect of property other than agricultural land



Some of the relevant entries in List III, Concurrent List of the Seventh Schedule of Constitution of India

include:

6. Transfer of property other than agricultural land

17A. Forests

20. Economic and Social Planning

36. Factories

41. Custody, management and disposal of property (including agricultural land) declared by law to be

evacuee property

42. Acquisition and requisitioning of property

45. Inquiries and statistics for the purposes of any of the matters specified in List II or List III.

World over, spatial governance is observed in terms of following hierarchy and functions:

1. Policy Guidelines

a. Policy guidelines play the role of steering process

b. They do not have a direct spatial dimension

c. Policy guidelines are generally not map based and tend to have no spatial references (replaced

with generic references like ‘in areas of high biodiversity’)

d. The policy guidelines may not be legally binding

e. These are prepared predominantly at national and/or subnational Level (states)

2. Strategic Plans

a. Strategic plans tend to address challenges and policy responses without capturing all details

b. The strategic plans try to align different sectoral plans together, and may include infrastructure

as well as industrial corridors, economic potential, urbanisation potential etc.

c. The strategic plans are generally map based but do not tend to have clear plot level boundary

delineations

d. Illustrative use of symbols is common in case of strategic plans

e. Strategic plans allow sufficient flexibility to subsequent processes (i.e. zoning/boundary

plans), hence they may not be legally binding

f. The strategic plans are predominantly prepared at regional level (metropolitan area, district,

cluster of districts etc.)

3. Local Plans

a. Local plans are prepared to specify the intended as well as permitted land use on a particular

land parcel

b. These plans are predominantly map based with varying level of details of boundary delineation

depending on the scale and geographical coverage (lesser detailing at city/rurban cluster level

master plans, whereas greater detailing in a detailed development/neighbourhood plan for a

small area, ward or village)

c. These plan generally legally binding and guide building approvals based on provisions as

mentioned in the plans.

d. These plans are predominantly prepared at city, rural-urban cluster, and village as well as ward

level.



Public policy primarily uses spatial and land use plans and environmental and building code regulations to

affect land use. These instruments function by restricting usage of land, but cannot influence how

individuals and businesses would like to use land. In most cases, they do not offer efficient, community and

market driven land use patterns to emerge.

Many other policies and schemes – not directly related to land use planning systems, create incentives to

use land in certain specific ways. However, it is not necessary that such policies correspond to the objectives

of land use planning systems. In many cases, the planning systems simply fail to achieve their objectives

due to overwhelming pressures from contradicting land developments promoted by other policies.

Hence, it is important that the policy on land use planning is formulated considering a multi-sectoral

approach with inputs from all sectoral policies and departments.

Figure 1: How land is being used

It is believed that a good public policy on land use planning would:

Link tax policy incentives to land use policies

Link subnational/state level fiscal systems, schemes, projects that directly impact efficiency of land use

policies

Integrate demographic and economic trends with due consideration to the fact that all settlements are

interdependent

Integrate all sectors and levels of government so as to promote convergence and overcome sectoral

silos

Strengthen the concept of regional considerations in planning approaches



Create institutional and/or coordination mechanisms based on strengths of the state and governance

system prevalent in the territory

It can be said that

‘A good Land Use Planning Policy would be a spatial governance tool that balances considerations to all

sectors at all levels of governance’

Formulation of such a policy necessitates that relevant information is made available to guide decision

making and policy formulation. This includes:

1.3.1.1 Department Roles/Mandate

The state of Odisha has over 24 departments looking into various aspects of governance and multiple

sectors. Some of these departments tend to look after same sector but different aspects. Further each of

these departments has multiple divisions, schemes, autonomous institutes, PSUs and boards etc. Hence it

is extremely important to understand the roles, scope, mandate, functions and activities undertaken by each

of these departments.

1.3.1.2 Land Use Categorisation

The Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India has for long been maintaining land use statistics under

a nine fold classification, five of which are related to agriculture, one for forests, grazing & pasture lands,

one for wasteland and one for all other non-agricultural land uses. Further, under multiple schemes of

development as well as NIUS GIS platform, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (Erstwhile Ministry

of Urban Development) has recommended multiple land uses based on scales of planning for urban land

use planning purposes.

Further complications arise when we note that the definition of forests, eco-sensitive zones, wastelands,

waterbodies, wetlands etc. are not standard across different departments/ministries. Also, waterbodies,

industries, infrastructure, grasslands, etc. do not find a separate mention in terms of land use are region

level.

In view of above, it is considered extremely important that a comprehensive but standardised set of land

use categories is considered for representation at state/regional level, which can be conveniently broken

into sub-categories depending on scale of planning.

1.3.1.3 Land Use Statistics

Various departments maintain information on existing land use statistics for their own planning purposes.

It is important to understand how these statistics look together at various levels of governance. Such a

collation of land use statistics and envisaged/proposed plans is expected to give an interesting insight into

the land use scenario for the state as well as the challenges ahead.

1.3.1.4 Sectoral Policies – Key Features

The presence of the complex governance systems with multiple sectoral departments means that each of

these departments is in charge of various development measures. It is highly likely that the departments

have specific policies or other forms of guiding documents for planning interventions. Some of these

policies/guiding documents are expected to directly have an impact on land use, whereas some of them

would result in planning processes that affect eventual land use (indirect impact on land use). As most of

the departments have such policies in force and decisions are made abiding by these documents, it is

important to understand and consider them during the formulation of the land use planning policy for the

state. It is estimated that there are over 200 different policies, strategies, visions, schemes that influence the



land use directly. Of these, it is estimated that over 40 are directly related or impacting land use at local

level. Though these schemes and policies are often planned at state wide or nationwide levels, their impact

is directly felt on ground at the local level guiding the land utilisation.

1.3.1.5 Department vs Land Use Matrix

The presence of a complex governance system with multiple sectoral departments and the complex

substructure of each indicates that different departments have different mandates, functions and powers as

far as land use and utilisation is concerned. Whereas some department may have powers and functions

covering financial, planning, influencing land use outcomes, other departments may only be affected by

decisions of other departments. Furthermore, the powers and functions vested with a department or the

lack thereof, may or may not be restricted to a certain category of land use. Hence, it is important to evaluate

the roles of various department’s vis-a-vis. each category of land use.

Formulation of such a policy would require close interaction of various sectoral departments and experts.

For the purpose of formulation of the land use (planning) policy and related guiding documents, formation

of a multi-sectoral working group (involving multiple state sectoral departments) is envisaged. As part of

the structure, an academic expert panel is also proposed for guiding and vetting the Land Use Planning

Policy and other supporting/guiding documents. The structure of such an arrangement is indicated in the

figure below:

Figure 2: Working Group

It is envisaged that the consultation with relevant stakeholders and departments would be undertaken under

following themes (and their sub themes):

Environment (forests and protected areas, grasslands/grazing lands/pastures, and waterbodies)

Economy (agriculture, industries, mines, tourism, and infrastructure)

Society (settlements – urban & rural, disaster prone areas, and socially vulnerable)

Wastelands

In addition to above consultation are also envisaged for the following:



Strategic Projects/Developments (defence, internal security and others)

Institutional, Coordination and Implementation Mechanisms



The state of Odisha has about 40 departments looking into various aspects of governance and multiple

sectors. Some of these departments tend to look after same sector but different aspects. Following is a list

of major departments in Odisha:

Agriculture & Farmers' Empowerment Department

Commerce & Transport Department

Cooperation Department

Culture Department

Electronics & Information Technology Department

Energy Department

Excise Department

Finance Department

Fisheries & Animal Resources Development Department

Food Supplies & Consumer Welfare Department

Forest & Environment Department

General Administration & Public Grievance Department

Handlooms, Textiles & Handicrafts Department

Health & Family Welfare Department

Higher Education Department

Home Department

Housing & Urban Development Department

Industries Department

Information & Public Relations Department

Labour & Employees' State Insurance Department

Law Department

Micro, Small & Medium Enterprise Department

Panchayati Raj & Drinking Water Department

Parliamentary Affairs Department

Planning & Convergence Department

Public Enterprises Department

Public Grievances & Pension Admin Department

Revenue & Disaster Management Department

Rural Development Department

School & Mass Education Department

Science & Technology Department

Skill Development & Technical Education Department

Social Security & Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities Department

Sports & Youth Services Department

ST & SC Development, Minorities & Backward Classes Welfare Department

Steel & Mines Department

Tourism Department

Water Resources Department

Women & Child Development & Mission Shakti Department



Works Department

Each of these departments has multiple divisions, units, attached offices, institutes, PSUs, statutory bodies

and boards. It is estimated that there are over 200 such subdivisions, units, attached offices etc. in these 40

departments as listed above. A detailed list of the same as derived based on desk research and details as

available on the internet is shared in Annexure 1. Though comprehensive, the list may not be complete and

is open to additions.

Each of these departments also has multiple commissions, committees, schemes, programmes and missions

of its own or are part of a national government initiative. Further, some of these commissions, schemes,

programmes etc. are housed within a specified subdivision, unit, attached office etc. whereas some have a

cross department, cross division representation and involvement. It is estimated that there are about 300

different schemes, policies, programmes, missions and/or committees in these 40 departments as listed

above. A detailed list of the same as derived based on desk research and details as available on the internet

is shared in Annexure 1. Though comprehensive, the list is not complete and is open to additions.

It is understood that all of the 40 departments, or their 200 subdivisions or the 300 odd schemes,

programmes, policies etc. may not be directly or indirectly related to land use planning and management.

However, decisions of one department may impact the function/success of a particular project, scheme,

policy etc. of another department. Hence, it is important to understand the roles, scope, mandate, functions

and activities undertaken by each of these departments.

Excerpts from an assessment of roles, functions, vision, mandates and activities of 16 select departments

and about 50 divisions is provided below in Table 1. The details provided are comprehensive but may not

be complete.



Table 1: Mandate of Department

Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.

Role/function of sub department/ institute Source

Agriculture &

Farmers'

Empowerment

Department

Directorate of Soil

Conservation &

Watershed

Development

Mission

Conservation of natural resources (soil, water and vegetation) for sustained development

and continuing economic progress/improved way of life of people

Combat destructive agricultural practices of shifting cultivation (Jhum)

Preserve, maintain and improve balance in ecology and environment

Maximum utilisation and conservation of soil, water and vegetation in the catchment

areas by making judicious use of land according to its capabilities

Enhancement of agricultural productivity and production in a sustainable manner.

Restoration of ecological balance in the degraded and fragile rain fed ecosystems by

greening these areas through appropriate mix of trees, shrubs and grasses.

Reduction in regional disparity between irrigated and rain fed areas.

Creation of sustained employment opportunities for the rural community including the

landless.

Soil & land capability survey

In situ moisture conservation

Tree plantation including plantation of cashew, coffee, sisal

Development of pasture land

Soil conservation demonstration centre

Testing and amelioration of soil

Soil conservation measures such as contour bunding, nala bunding

Gully control structure, water harvesting structure, stream bank erosion control, farm

ponds, silt retention dams, bench racing, stone terracing

Maintenance of existing coconut, pineapple, spices and others farms developed by the

Soil Conservation Organisation

http://www.soilconservatio

norissa.gov.in/Function.htm


norissa.gov.in/Objectives.ht

m


norissa.gov.in/Activities.htm

http://www.soilconservationorissa.gov.in/Function.htm

http://www.soilconservationorissa.gov.in/Function.htm

http://www.soilconservationorissa.gov.in/Objectives.htm



http://www.soilconservationorissa.gov.in/Activities.htm

http://www.soilconservationorissa.gov.in/Activities.htm




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Commerce &

Transport

Department

Directorate of Rail

Coordination

Coordinate between the State Government and the Ministry of Railways, Government

of India

Leading policy shifts for the economic and developmental needs of the State.

http://ct.odisha.gov.in/railw

ay/2/19

The Dhamra Port

Company Limited

(DPCL)

Build and operate a deep draught, all weather, multi user port at Dhamra in Bhadrak

district on BOOST (Build, Own, Operate, Share and Transfer) basis

Work with International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for able guidance

and assistance in implementation of environmental standards and designing mitigation

measures for potential hazards during construction and operation of the Port

Stimulate infrastructure growth of state, especially, developing the area into an

economically bustling zone

Develop the port area with top class residential, water & power supply facilities

Enrich people's life in the area/periphery

http://www.dhamraport.co

m/profile.php


m/environment.php


m/csr.php

Energy Orissa Hydro Power

Corporation Limited

(OHPC)

Develop water resources in the State and elsewhere in the Country while augmenting

hydro power generating capacity by setting up new hydro power projects

Establish and operate thermal power plants through joint ventures and also explore

opportunities to develop renewable energy resources vis. small hydro, wind, solar

Develop & operate coal mines allocated jointly in favour of OHPC and other public

sector undertakings by the Ministry of Coal, Government of India

Renovate and modernise existing hydro power plant to improve efficiency and supply

reliable and quality power to the state in a cost effective manner

Develop renewable sources of energy available in the state

Develop thermal power by itself or in joint venture for long term energy security of the

state

http://ohpcltd.com/Home/

Vision

http://ct.odisha.gov.in/railway/2/19

http://ct.odisha.gov.in/railway/2/19

http://www.dhamraport.com/profile.php

http://www.dhamraport.com/profile.php

http://www.dhamraport.com/environment.php

http://www.dhamraport.com/environment.php

http://www.dhamraport.com/csr.php

http://www.dhamraport.com/csr.php

http://ohpcltd.com/Home/Vision

http://ohpcltd.com/Home/Vision




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Odisha Power

Generation

Corporation Limited

(OPGC)

Setup thermal power plants (two existing with a capacity of 210 MW each) in the Ib

valley area of Jharsuguda District in the State of Odisha (Ib Thermal power Station) at

a cost of INR 11350 million

Utilise location advantage of power plants considering close proximity to coal mines as

well as Hirakud reservoir

Maintain distinct advantage of low cost of raw material leading to low cost generation

Undertake construction of seven mini hydel stations having a total capacity of 5075 kW

as a technological demonstration

http://www.opgc.co.in/abt/

a1.asp

Fisheries &

Animal

Resources

Development

Orissa Pisciculture

Development

Corporation Ltd.

(OPDC)

Ensure production & supply of quality fish seed to fish farmers and fishing nets to

fisherman of the state at reasonable price to promote commercial growth of fish seed

units & expansion of existing fish seed hatchery projects & fish net manufacturing unit

Promote new mega fish seed hatchery projects commensurate with demand of fish seed

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RI

LzMzLzIwOC8xOQ

Forest &

Environment

Odisha Forest

Development

Corporation Ltd

(OFDC)

Encourage and establish industries based on forest products

Plant, grow, cultivate, propagate, produce and raise plantations of all kinds of varieties

of forest plants, trees grasses, bamboos, canes, medicinal plants and crops

Train personnel for advanced management of forest, flora and fauna through

establishment of appropriate institutions and training centres

Trade salvage timber/firewood

Trade processed and phal kendu leaves

Collect and trade salseed directly or through Raw Material Procurer (RMP)

Regulate distribution of firewood, long bamboo and other small timbers to local people

Monitor bamboo operation directly or through RMP

Trade cashew nut and rubber harvested through plantation

Collect, process and trade honey and few Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP) items

http://www.opgc.co.in/abt/a1.asp

http://www.opgc.co.in/abt/a1.asp

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzMzLzIwOC8xOQ

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzMzLzIwOC8xOQ




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Wildlife and

Environment Wing

Facilitate forestry extension activities

Promote of participatory forest management

Center For

Environmental

Studies

Promote environmental awareness in the State

Training programme, building database etc.

Regional Resource Agency (RRA) for the National Environment Awareness Campaign

(NEAC) and State Nodal Agency for the National Green Corps (NGC)

Environmental Information System (ENVIS) Centre

http://www.cesorissa.org/a

bout.asp

City Forest

Division(s)

Prevent illegal felling & illegal transit of timber and other forest produces

Undertake afforestation activities in forest, non-forest & private wastelands with active

participation of local people

Beautify cities and places of interest to promote eco-friendly tourism

Promote research on conservation, protection and propagation of medicinal plants

Create & maintain recreational garden cum learning centres

Scientific management of forests and wildlife

Enrichment of micro-environment for healthy city life through sustainable urban

forestry

Odisha Bamboo

Development

Agency

Promote growth of bamboo sector through area based regionally differentiated strategy

Increase area coverage under bamboo in potential areas, with suitable species to enhance

yields

Bamboo Resource Regeneration (Nurseries and Plantation)

Organise trainings and workshops

Skill up gradation of artisans

Common Facility Center (CFC)

Establish convergence and synergy among stakeholders of development of bamboo

http://www.odishabamboo.

org/obda.php

http://www.odishabamboo.

org/obdafunction.php

http://www.cesorissa.org/about.asp

http://www.cesorissa.org/about.asp

http://www.odishabamboo.org/obda.php

http://www.odishabamboo.org/obda.php

http://www.odishabamboo.org/obdafunction.php

http://www.odishabamboo.org/obdafunction.php




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Promote, develop and disseminate technologies through a seamless blend of traditional

wisdom and modern scientific knowledge

Generate employment opportunities for skilled and unskilled persons, especially

unemployed youths

Promotion of bamboo based industries and technology with support of NMBA

Marketing support and market linkage for bamboo based products

Chilika

Development

Authority

Restoration and sustainable management of the lagoon and its drainage basin based on

sound scientific principle through participatory process. Promote conservation; wise

use; and fair & equitable sharing of benefits amongst stakeholder community

Protect the lake ecosystem with all its genetic diversity

Execute various multidimensional developmental activities either itself or through some

other agency to enhance economic condition of the community

Survey, plan and prepare the project proposal for integrated resource management for

all-round development in and around the lake

Cooperate and collaborate with other states, national and international institutions for

all-round development of the lake

Establish management information system for the lake

Promote long term multidisciplinary research, prepare environment status report and

establish education centre for the lake.

Housing &

Urban

Development

Public Health

Engineering

Organisation

(PHEO)

Inspection & monitoring of water supply & sewerage system of all urban local bodies

and census towns of Odisha

Responsible for providing safe drinking water to all ULBs across the state

Execute water supply projects in all ULBs of Odisha

Plan, implement & maintain urban water supply schemes

http://pheoodisha.gov.in/p

ortal-about-us/1

http://pheoodisha.gov.in/portal-about-us/1

http://pheoodisha.gov.in/portal-about-us/1




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Undertake field investigation, survey, data collection, preparation, execution &

maintenance of w/s schemes

Take care of operation & maintenance of sewerage system

Execute & maintain all water supply infrastructure in different ULBs as per the

provisions envisaged in the annual budget

Collect water & sewerage charges (user charges) from consumers

Odisha Water

Supply & Sewerage

Board (OWSSB)

Water supply, sewerage and sanitation to all state government agencies and local bodies,

and on request to private institution or individuals

Prepare draft state plans for water supply, sewerage and drainage

Assess material requirement and arrange procurement/utilisation

Annual review of technical, financial, economic and other aspects of water supply and

sewerage in the state

Review and appraise technical, financial, economic and other pertinent aspects of every

water supply and sewerage scheme in the state

Execute, operate, run and maintain any water works and sewerage system

Assess human resource requirement and training in water supply and sewerage services

Undertake applied research in water supply and sewerage services


LzEzLzE3NS8xOQ

Development

Authorities

Undertake planned and systematic development of areas in its jurisdiction

Prepare development plans including zonal development plans

Undertake works pertaining to construction of housing colonies, shopping centres,

markets, industrial estates and provide public amenities

Regulate development and use of land including private land and undertake schemes for

improvement and clearance of slums and redevelopment programmes

The Orissa Development

Authorities Act, 1982

Housing & Urban

Development Department

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzEzLzE3NS8xOQ

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzEzLzE3NS8xOQ




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Directorate of

Town Planning

(DTP)

Plan development, improvement and expansion of towns in Odisha for securing their

present and future inhabitants and ensure healthy living

Prepare master plans and approve on behalf of Special Planning Authorities

Prepare project reports for IDSMT and monitoring of other national/state schemes

Technical guidance to government as well as planning authorities with respect to

regulation of plan proposals


LzEzLzE3MC8xOQ

Industries

Department

Industrial

Promotion and

Investment

Corporation of

Odisha Limited

(IPICOL)

State Level Nodal Agency for all investment promotion and industrial facilitation

activities in Odisha

Investment Promotion Agency (IPA) to function as an effective one stop shop for

investors

Technical secretariat for integration of state services concerning industries with the eBIZ

portal of Government of India to eliminate physical interface in according various

project approvals/clearances

https://en.wikipedia.org/wi

ki/Industrial_Promotion_%

26_Investment_Corporation

_of_Odisha

http://www.odisha.gov.in/i

ndustries/

The Odisha

Industrial

Infrastructure

Development

Corporation

(IDCO)

Nodal agency for providing industrial infrastructure in Odisha

Establish industrial areas/estates and growth centres at strategic locations and provide

required infrastructure

Provide land to large projects which cannot come up in industrial estate and areas.

Arrange to obtain/acquire land for all such projects at desirable location

http://218.248.11.68/indust

ries/PDF/intro_idco.pdf?ln

k=12&PL=10&SL=1

http://www.idco.in/2009/o

rganisationtest.aspx?content

=profile

Panchayati Raj &

Drinking Water

Panchayati Raj

Institutions (PRIs)

Eradicate poverty, uplift standard of living of people in the rural areas, and bring about

a healthy society by creating awareness for hygiene, sanitation and eradication of

illiteracy

Promote, develop, govern and capacitate institutions of self –government

Prepare plans for economic development, social justice and implementation of schemes

for economic development and social justice

http://www.odishapanchaya

t.gov.in/English/departmen

t.asp

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzEzLzE3MC8xOQ

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzEzLzE3MC8xOQ

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Promotion_%26_Investment_Corporation_of_Odisha




http://www.odisha.gov.in/industries/

http://www.odisha.gov.in/industries/

http://218.248.11.68/industries/PDF/intro_idco.pdf?lnk=12&PL=10&SL=1



http://www.idco.in/2009/organizationtest.aspx?content=profile



http://www.odishapanchayat.gov.in/English/department.asp






Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Ensure basic services including:

o Primary health and education

o Safe drinking water and sanitation

o Street lighting

o Environment protection

o Common property resources (CPR) management

Planning &

Convergence

Western Odisha

Development

Council (WODC)

Upgrade levels of development and remove regional imbalances in development

Upgrade relative levels of development in different sectors in relation to each district

within the council area

Assess impact of various development programmes in removing regional imbalances

Prepare appropriate long-term and short term-plans and programmes for removal of

development imbalances between different districts within the council area

Suggest long-term measures for addressing regional imbalances and ensure optimal

utilisation of available resources, keeping in view the potentialities of different districts


Formulate plans and programmes for equitable arrangements in providing adequate

facilities for technical, educational and vocational training for the purpose of creating

sufficient opportunity for employment in services under the control of the government


Prepare and execute projects relating to development and advancement of council area

Supervise and review different developmental projects undertaken by different agencies

including that of the government within the council area

Review, supervise, coordinate and monitor different government projects of in the

council area including issuance of administrative approval of proposal and selection of

executants of projects by the council

The Western Orissa

Development Council Act,

2000. Sec 11 (1).




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Directorate of

Economics &

Statistics

Date collection through regular sample surveys, ad-hoc surveys, pilot studies and

censuses on various subjects

Undertake research & analytical studies on various socio-economic, financial and

developmental aspects in the state & rational evaluation of progress achieved in these

sectors

In-service training to statistical personnel working in different government and semi-

government organisations of the state as a step towards human resource development


LzE2LzEwMDIvMTk

District Planning

Committee

Consolidate plans prepared by the panchayats and municipalities in the district and

prepare an integrated draft development plan for the district as a whole

Prepare the draft development plan with due regard to matters of common interest

between the panchayats and municipalities including spatial planning, sharing of water

and other physical and natural resources, the integrated development of infrastructure

and environmental conservation, the extent and type of available resources whether

financial or otherwise; and consult such institutions and organisations as the governor

may, by order, specify in that behalf

Recommend the development plan to the state government

Collate information from panchayats and municipalities in the district and inspect the

functioning thereof

Review implementation and municipalities to make such recommendation as deemed

appropriate

The Orissa District Planning

Committees Act, 1998.

Section 5.

State Planning

Board (SPB)

Suggest comprehensive measures to strengthen the planning process and institutional

arrangements both at the state level and district level with an objective to make it more

professional and people oriented and for decentralization of power to the district level

http://www.odisha.gov.in/p

c/Download/ANNUAL_A

CTIVITIES_REPORT_201

5-2016.pdf

Land acquisition

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzE2LzEwMDIvMTk

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzE2LzEwMDIvMTk

http://www.odisha.gov.in/pc/Download/ANNUAL_ACTIVITIES_REPORT_2015-2016.pdf







Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Revenue &

Disaster

Management

Land governance: solve people’s problems related to land

Provide land to land less

Protect government land

Disaster response, management, rehabilitation and restoration works

Registration and stamp duty in transfer of property

Distribution of wasteland for agriculture/homestead purposes

Distribution of surplus land

Prohibition of tribal land alienation

Execution of state Rehabilitation and Resettlement Policy for displaced persons

Digital India Land Record Modernisation Programme

Board of Revenue Superintend administrative work of revenue divisional commissioners

Recommend propositions that to augment or improve the state revenues

Superintend and regulate revenue collection from all revenue paying and revenue - free

lands or estates under relevant laws

Superintend and regulate all measures of land reforms

Land Records and

Surveys

Survey and mapping of land

Preparation of a record of rights

Settlement of rents payable by tenants

Settlement of land revenue

Inspector General

of Registration

Issue of instructions/orders for implementation of provisions of Indian Stamp

Act/Indian Registration Act to provide better service facilities to general public as well

as protect government interest

Registration of societies under S.R. Act, 1860

Registrar of Firms under I.P. Act, 1032




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Land Reforms

Commissioner

Distribution of ceiling surplus lands among the land less persons

Safeguarding the interest of S.T. community

Monitor disposal of Bebandobasta cases under OEA Act by competent authority

Monitor disposal of cases under OLR Act by competent authority and restore land to

original ST persons

Conversion of agriculture land for non-agriculture purposes and collection of premium

Special Relief

Organisation

Preparedness to meet contingencies arising out of calamities and arrange relief measures

Supervise and provide funds for rescue and relief operations

Monitor repair/restoration and rehabilitation work of damaged properties and

habitation

Undertake long-term measures by coordinating activities of different departments in

order to minimise the impact of natural calamities and human causalities

Constantly monitor the daily rainfall recording of 30 districts throughout the year

Monitor hunger and starvation in any part of the state due to food scarcity on account

of any severe natural disaster

Odisha State

Disaster

Management

Authority

(OSDMA)

Undertake relief, restoration, and reconstruction activities and measures for socio-

economic revival for mitigating the damages caused or to be caused due to any disaster

Undertake programmes and schemes to prevent occurrence of any disaster or minimise

the damaging effect due to any disaster

Undertake specific studies to identify programmes and schemes to be taken up, evaluate

various measures taken and suggest suitable action


LzMvNTQvMTk

Skill

Development &

Technical

Education

Directorate of

Employment

Primary objective of the employment organisation is to bridge the gap between the

employers and job-seekers

http://etetodisha.gov.in/dir

ectorate-of-employment.php

State Employment

Mission

Conducting various skill development training programmes

Modular employable skills (MES) at 139 centres

http://etetodisha.gov.in/stat

e-employment-mission.php

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzMvNTQvMTk

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzMvNTQvMTk

http://etetodisha.gov.in/directorate-of-employment.php

http://etetodisha.gov.in/directorate-of-employment.php

http://etetodisha.gov.in/state-employment-mission.php

http://etetodisha.gov.in/state-employment-mission.php




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


State Council for

technical

educational &

vocational training

Dissemination of employment related information and assistance to job –seekers

Recruitment in defence and para military services

Setting up of students’ information bureaus and model career corners in schools and

colleges of the state

Function of vocational guidance units:

o Provide individual information & assist jobseekers in choosing careers

o Collection and compilation of occupational information with a view to disseminate

information to needy jobseekers, educational institutions, parents and teachers

o Provide career information, literatures, posters highlighting various job opportunities

and publishing career bulletins for the benefit of the jobseekers

o Organise career talks, career conferences, career exhibitions etc. in educational

institutions on different careers and self-employment ventures

http://etetodisha.gov.in/stat

e-council-for-technical-

educational-and-vocational-

training.php

ST & SC

Development,

Minorities &

Backward

Classes Welfare

Implement policies and schemes to ensure welfare of ST, SC, OBC and Minorities for:

o Raising socio- economic condition of the ST, SC, and OBC & minorities

o Reducing poverty

o Bringing to mainstream ST, SC, OBC & Minorities, and enabling them to participate

in the development process in an equitable manner

o Developing critical infrastructure in Scheduled Areas

o Increasing their access to education, health, housing and other services

o Creating/increasing opportunities through self-employment/wage employment

o Securing their rights over forests and lands

Improving access to education through establishment of educational institutions &

construction of hostels for ST & SC boys & girls in the State

Special employment exchange for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes

Pre-examination coaching and training

http://etetodisha.gov.in/state-council-for-technical-educational-and-vocational-training.php







Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Pre-recruitment training for entry into armed and para military forces

Provision of legal aid to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes persons

Monetary relief to the victims of atrocities belonging to scheduled castes and scheduled

tribes as compensation

Scheduled Castes &

Scheduled Tribes

Research & Training

Institute

Monographic/ethnographic studies for documentation of culture, customs, traditions,

material culture, art and craft, traditional medicine, culture change and modernisation of

the STs and SCs and development studies of agriculture, environment, education,

women, health and nutrition

Diagnostic and problem oriented studies relating to STs and SCs such as, land alienation,

socio-economic bondage and exploitation, indebtedness, low literacy, ill health, mal-

nutrition, low fertility and infant mortality; social inequality, untouchability, ethnic

discrimination, involuntary resettlement and development, status of women and

subordination, economic backwardness, poverty, impact of industrialisation and

urbanization, rural-urban migration, problems of unemployment, shifting cultivation,

deforestation etc.

Determination of ethnic status of different communities claiming their inclusion in the

scheduled list

Benchmark/baseline surveys covering the Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) Areas to build up the

data base for planning, implementation and post-facto evaluation of various

development projects and programmes for STs and SCs

Survey, identification and formulation of action plans/project reports for

o Micro-projects for the development primitive tribal groups (PTGS)

o Integrated tribal development agencies (ITDAS) for development of STs and SCs in

the tribal sub plan areas




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


o Modified area development approach (MADA) and cluster pockets for development

of dispersed tribal population

o Other special projects and programmes for STs and SCs

Techno-economic surveys involving experts from various line departments for

preparation of action plans for development of selected PTGs

Action plans/project proposals for development and rehabilitation of vulnerable

groups, artisans, craftsmen, lower occupational groups among the STs and SCs

Tribes Advisory

Council (TAC)

Ensure welfare and advancement of Scheduled Tribes in the state through meetings &

consultation advices

http://www.stscodisha.gov.i

n/Boards.asp?GL=abt&PL

=7

Steel & Mines Directorate of

Mines

Mineral development and administration for both major and minor minerals

Process mineral concession applications for the grant in respect of major minerals and

mining lease for decorative stones in respect of minor minerals under provisions of

M&M (D&R) Act. 1957 and MC Rules 1960 and OMMC Rules 2004

Grant prospecting license for decorative stones under OMMC Rules.2004

Prevent illegal mining and unauthorised trading of minerals under OM (PTS&OUA)

Act, 1989 and Rules. 1990

Analyse ore/mineral samples for purpose of determining their quality for assessment of

revenue

Collect tax from mineral bearing land for purpose of infrastructure and socio-economic

development under the provisions of Odisha Infrastructure and Socio Economic

Development Act.2004 and Rules. 2005

Collect mining revenue from major and minor minerals in the state

Regulate and control of mineral traffic in the state


LzI0LzgxNjkvMTk

http://www.stscodisha.gov.in/Boards.asp?GL=abt&PL=7



http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzI0LzgxNjkvMTk

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzI0LzgxNjkvMTk




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Optimise exploitation of mineral resources available in the state with due regard to

conservation of mineral and its surrounding environment

Promote mineral based industries in the state by facilitating grant of Mineral concessions

Augment generation of mining revenue

Adoption of state of art-techniques and equipment for chemical analysis of ore/minerals

Induct computerised data base management technique, establishing an effective mineral

information system and e-governance

Stop illegal mining and smuggling of minerals and to plug the linkage of revenue

Expeditious disposal of applications for mineral concessions

Recommend grant of mineral concessions to the captive users on priority

Coordinate with departments of forest and environment, revenue and industries

Timely initiate proposals for ores and minerals, analysis weighment and other charges

Prevent leakage of mineral revenue by strengthening the enforcement measures

Maintain vigil on qualitative and quantitative assessment of ores and minerals produced

and dispatches from the mining lease

Modernise government laboratories

Directorate of Steel Focus on Iron Ore based Industries located in Odisha

Coordinate with steel industries in Odisha and assist in addressing issues relating to such

investments, in coordination with IPICOL

Monitor implementation of MoUs signed steel industries for expediting investments

Interact with existing steel units to identify issues and challenges relating to optimal

capacity utilisation

Maintain database on investments, production, and employment etc. of iron ore base

industries in Odisha

Monitor availability of assured supply of raw material to the steel industries

http://www.orissaminerals.g

ov.in/website/InvSteel.aspx

?GL=sip&PL=1




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Directorate of

Geology

Scientific exploration and assessment of mineral resources in the state to cater to needs

of mineral based industries and augment revenue from mineral resources

Convene Annual State Geological Programming Board meeting to review the mission

of mineral exploration and assessment of mineral resources and exploration activities

carried out by the directorate and other exploration agencies engaged in the State

Discuss, finalise and approve the future course of action related to different exploration

agencies for execution and avoid duplication of work

Undertake investigation programmes through the headquarters/six zonal

establishments

Prepare technical reports after exploration programmes


LzI0LzgxMzYvMTk=

Odisha Mining

Corporation Limited

(OMC)

Sustain productivity through safe practices and strict quality control

Ensure efficient, cost-effective and eco-friendly mining without compromising on safety

& pollution control norms

Address people related issues with special emphasis on project impacted community by

consistent support through peripheral development and CSR activities


LzI0LzIxMjE1LzE5

Tourism Preserve, enrich and promote Odisha’s unique cultural heritage, natural resources and

environment with a view to achieve sustainable development

Promote sustainable tourism as means of economic & inclusive growth, social equity &

integration

Prioritise development and promotion of prime tourism products, conservation of

heritage, natural environment, etc.

Address regulatory & tourism promotion/development challenges and issues in PPP

mode at all levels, in an effective & well-coordinated manner

Brand and promote Odisha as one stop destination to experience cultural heritage, eco-

tourism and rich wilderness so as to boost foreign & domestic tourist arrival in the State.

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzI0LzgxMzYvMTk

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzI0LzgxMzYvMTk

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzI0LzIxMjE1LzE5

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzI0LzIxMjE1LzE5




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Odisha Tourism

Development

Corporation Ltd.

One stop travel solution for tourism in Odisha

Develop, finance, operate, maintain a chain of tourist bungalows called Panthanivas

Procure, finance, operate, maintain a transport fleet for tourism purposes

Act as a logistics service provider from tourism point of view

Odisha Ecotourism

Development Board

(OEDB)

Odisha Forest Development Corporation Limited (OFDC Ltd.) appointed in charge of

all ecotourism activities in the state

One stop shop including entry permits

Develop, finance, operate, maintain a chain of tourist facilities in forest areas

Nodal agency for regulating eco-tourism in state

Develop necessary systems and standards

Dispute resolution with management of protected areas, wildlife and biodiversity taking

precedence over tourism

Odisha Forest Sector

Ecotourism Policy (not yet

approved)

Water Resources Odisha Lift

Irrigation

Corporation Ltd.

Install new lift irrigation projects availing funds from government and different agencies

and to create irrigation potential in the state and handing over the same to Pani (water)

Panchayats for operation and maintenance

Technical assistance and other essential guidance to Pani (water) Panchayats

Utilise surface water and ground water potential available for accelerating agricultural

growth by Pani (water) Panchayats in the state


LzIwLzE0MC8xOQ

Major & Medium

Irrigation Wing

Formulate state water plan & state water policy

Implement, operate and maintain major & medium irrigation projects

Involve farmers in irrigation system operation & maintenance activities relating to major

and medium irrigation projects

Address interstate matters relating to rivers common to neighbouring States

Flood control and drainage works

Industrial water supply & collection of industrial water rate

http://www.dowrorissa.gov.

in/AboutDoWR/AboutDo

WR.pdf

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzIwLzE0MC8xOQ

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzIwLzE0MC8xOQ

http://www.dowrorissa.gov.in/AboutDoWR/AboutDoWR.pdf






Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Minor Irrigation

Wing

Implement of minor irrigation projects (flow) above CCA 40 ha and their operation and

maintenance

Pani (water) panchayat (participatory irrigation management) works of minor (flow)

irrigation projects


in/AboutDoWR/AboutDo

WR.pdf

Ground Water

Development

Also known as

GWS&I

Undertake survey & investigation, field study, collect and collate hydro geological data

pertaining to ground water resources of Odisha, for use of policy/decision makers

working in water sector and provide solutions to the department of water resources in

various aspects of ground water resources availability, assessment, development and

management


LzIwLzI1NjkvMTk

Water and Land

Management

Institute (WALMI)

Multidisciplinary training to newly recruited and in-service engineers and other officers

on irrigation engineering and agriculture

Capacity building of bearers and farmers of Pani (water) Panchayats and other farmers’

organisations of Orissa for participatory irrigation management

Act, adopt and apply research pertaining to irrigation project commands on land, water

and crop management including on station field experiments on water management in

different crops

Promote optimization of water use and land resources

Study and experiment with organisational and procedural changes for effective

management of irrigated agriculture

Provide consultancy services, and undertake awareness generation activities relating to

water management and land development

Link and collaborate with similar institutions within and outside Odisha for training and

research

http://walmiodisha.com/ob

jective.php




http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzIwLzI1NjkvMTk

http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzIwLzI1NjkvMTk

http://walmiodisha.com/objective.php

http://walmiodisha.com/objective.php




Department

Divisions,

institutes,

committees etc.


Water Resources

Board

Highest forum to ensure interdepartmental coordination

Undertake water planning and development processes

Formulate state water policy

Undertake integrated planning of water resources

Allocate water resources to various water use sectors

Prioritise water resources development, environment management plan, etc.


in/WaterResources/WaterR

esourcesOverview.pdf

Works

Department

Design Planning

and Investigation &

Roads Wing

Prepare Annual Budget for various schemes

Improve and maintain SH's, MDR's and ODR's for a length of approximately 15000 km

Implement centrally funded schemes for Left Wing Extremism affected districts,

Vijaywada – Ranchi Corridor and Interstate Connectivity

http://www.worksodisha.go

v.in/aboutus.html

http://www.worksodisha.go

v.in/dpir.html

http://www.dowrorissa.gov.in/WaterResources/WaterResourcesOverview.pdf



http://www.worksodisha.gov.in/aboutus.html

http://www.worksodisha.gov.in/aboutus.html



The agriculture department and the Directorate of Economics and Statistics have been maintaining land

use statistics with a predominant focus on agriculture as a land use. These statistics have been maintained

for long under a nine fold classification as prescribed by Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.

Five of these nine categories are related to agriculture, one for forests, grazing & pasture lands, one for

wasteland and one for all other non-agricultural land uses.

Also, under multiple schemes of development as well as NIUS GIS platform, the Ministry of Housing and

Urban Affairs (Erstwhile Ministry of Urban Development) has recommended multiple land uses based on

scales of planning for urban land use planning purposes.

Complications may arise in regional planning as the definition (boundaries) of forests, eco-sensitive zones,

wastelands, waterbodies, wetlands etc. may not be same when land use categories and sub-categories and

statistics are considered across different departments/ministries. Also, waterbodies, industries,

infrastructure, grasslands, etc. do not find a separate mention in terms of land use at region level.

In view of above, it is considered important that a comprehensive but standardised set of land use categories

is considered for representation at state/regional level, which can be conveniently broken into sub-

categories depending on scale of planning.

The land use categories and subcategories have been explored in detail under following major heads:

Forests

Grasslands, grazing lands/pastures

Water Bodies

Agriculture

Industries

Mines

Infrastructure

Settlements

These are discussed in detail in the following sections.

In common parlance forests in India tends to refer to two aspects:

Forest Cover

Protected Areas

The Forest Survey of India brings out a biennial India State of Forest Report. The report for 2015, defines

the term ‘Forest Cover’ as all those lands more than one hectare in area with a tree canopy of more than 10

per cent irrespective of land use, ownership and legal status. It may include orchards, bamboo, palm etc.

However, at the same time ‘Recorded Forest Areas’ (or simply ‘Forest Area’) are defined as all those

geographic areas recorded as ‘Forests’ in government records. Recorded Forest areas largely consist of

Reserved Forests (RF) and Protected Forests (PF), which have been constituted under the provisions of

the Indian Forest Act 1927. Besides reserved forests and protected forests, the recorded forest area may



also include all such areas that have been recorded as forests in revenue records or have been constituted

so under any state or local law.

It is important to note that according to ISFR definitions, the recorded forest areas may even have blanks

and areas with tree densities less than ten percent. These may include degraded lands, wetlands, rivers,

riverbeds, creeks in mangroves, snow covered areas, glaciers, alpine pastures, cold desserts, grasslands etc.

However, as per the definition of forest cover, such areas are excluded from assessment of forest cover.

Further, there are areas outside the recorded forest areas which satisfy the definition of forest cover, for

example plantations on private lands, community lands, road side, railways, and canals, rubber, tea and

coffee plantations etc. Such areas are also included in the forest cover assessment.

It is important to note the a detailed assessment of forest cover in recorded forest area is not possible for

all states in India as only limited states have geo-coded boundaries of the same. Tamil Nadu is one such

state that has geo-coded boundaries of the recorded forest area and hence an assessment in terms of forest

cover within recorded forest area can be undertaken.

It would be important to undertake the above mentioned assessment to determine the state of forests and

land use in Tamil Nadu. This would support the decision support system of the state in determining, forest

lands that can be diverted to plantation works as well as other than plantation works leading to various

types of asset creation. It would also assist in assessing the compensatory afforestation land that needs to

be planned for.

The forest cover is classified underfollowing categorises according to the India State of Forest Report 2015

3.1.1.1 Very Dense Forest

All land with tree cover (including mangrove cover) with canopy density of 70 per cent or above.

3.1.1.2 Moderately Dense Forest

All land with tree cover (including mangrove cover) with canopy density ranging from 40 per cent to 70

per cent.

3.1.1.3 Open Forest

All land with tree cover (including mangrove cover) with canopy density ranging from 10 per cent to 40

per cent.

3.1.1.4 Scrub

All forest lands/degraded forest lands with poor tree growth mainly of small or stunted trees having canopy

density of less than 10 per cent.

3.1.1.5 Non-Forest

Lands not included in any of the above classes.

India is one of the 17 mega diverse countries of the world in terms of bio-diversity. With only 2.4 per cent

of the world’s land area, 16.7 per cent of the world’s human population and 18 per cent livestock, India

contributes about 8 per cent of the known global biodiversity, thereby, putting enormous demands on our

natural resources.

India’s conservation planning is based on philosophy of identifying and protecting representative wild

habitats across all ecosystems. Indian Constitution entails the subject of forests and wildlife in the



Concurrent list. The Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change acts as a guiding torch dealing

with policies and planning on wildlife conservation, while the State Forest Departments are vested with the

responsibility of implementation of national policies and plans.

As ecosystems and living creatures do not recognise human political borders, India has adopted the concept

of Transboundary Protected Areas for coordinated conservation of ecological units and corridors. There

are 4 categories of the Protected Areas vis, National Parks, Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves and

Community Reserves.

3.1.2.1 National Parks

An area having adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological significance. The

National Park is declared for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wildlife or its

environment, like that of a Sanctuary. The difference between a Sanctuary and a National Park mainly lies

in the vesting of rights of people living inside. Unlike a Sanctuary, where certain rights can be allowed, in a

National Park, no rights are allowed. No grazing of any livestock shall also be permitted inside a National

Park while in a Sanctuary, the Chief Wildlife Warden may regulate, control or prohibit it. In addition, while

any removal or exploitation of wildlife or forest produce from a Sanctuary requires the recommendation of

the State Board for Wildlife, removal etc., from a National Park requires recommendation of the National

Board for Wildlife (including Standing Committee).

3.1.2.2 Wild Life Sanctuaries

An area which is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological significance.

The Sanctuary is declared for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wildlife or its

environment. Certain rights of people living inside a Sanctuary could be permitted. Further, during the

settlement of claims, before finally notifying the Sanctuary, the Collector may, in consultation with the

Chief Wildlife Warden, allow the continuation of any right of any person in or over any land within the

limits of the Sanctuary (which are given in Chapter IV, WPA 1972).

3.1.2.3 Conservation Reserves

Conservation reserves are generally declared by the State Governments in any area owned by the

Government, particularly the areas adjacent to National Parks and Sanctuaries and those areas which link

one protected area to another. Such declaration should be made after having consultations with the local

communities. Conservation Reserves are declared for the purpose of protecting landscapes, seascapes, flora,

fauna and their habitat. The rights of people living inside a Conservation Reserve are not affected.

3.1.2.4 Community Reserves

Community reserves are generally declared by the State Governments in any captivate or community land,

not comprised within a National Park, Sanctuary or a Conservation Reserve, where an individual or

community has volunteered to conserve wildlife and its habitat. Community reserves are declared for the

purpose of protecting fauna, flora and traditional or cultural conservation values and practices. The rights

of people living inside a Community Reserve are not affected.

These may be further categorised into the following:

3.1.2.4.1 Community Forests

Growing trees in community land wherein government provides seeds, fertilisers etc. but community is

responsible for protecting trees.



3.1.2.4.2 Extension Forests

Growing trees on the sides of roads, canals, railways, and wastelands (in urban as well as rural areas)

3.1.2.4.3 Farm Forests

Growing trees in one’s own farmland to meet domestic need (fuelwood, shade to crops, wind shelters, soil

conservation or use wasteland.

3.1.2.4.4 Private Forests

Protected areas inside India whose land rights are owned by an individual or corporation/organisation and

the resident flora and fauna are provided with dome kind of protection from exploitative activities like

shooting, logging etc.

3.1.2.4.5 Social Forests

Grow, manage and protect in barren and deforested lands with the purpose of helping environment, social

and rural/urban development by planting trees on unused and fallow land.

Conservation and management in India is currently facing a myriad of complex challenges that are both

ecological and social in nature. Issues such as habitat loss/fragmentation, overuse of biomass resources in

the context of biotic pressures, increasing human-wildlife conflicts, livelihood dependence on forests and

wildlife resources, poaching and illegal trade in wildlife parts and products, need for maintaining a broad

base of public support for wildlife conservation exemplify and characterise the contemporary wildlife

conservation scenario in India. The government and the civil society are taking several measures to address

these issues. Planned interventions to improve synergies and coordination amongst a wide array of

stakeholders are being undertaken to meet the challenges of conserving India’s diverse wilderness resources.

The protected areas are constituted and governed under the provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act,

1972, which has been amended from time to time, with the changing ground realities concerning wildlife

crime control and management of protected areas. Implementation of this Act is further complemented by

other Acts vis. Indian Forest Act, 1927, Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, Environment (Protection) Act,

1986 and Biological Diversity Act, 2002 and the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers

(Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006. The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau of the Central Government

supplements the efforts of state governments in wildlife crime control through enforcement of CITES and

control of wildlife crimes having cross-border, interstate and international ramifications. In order to

strengthen and synergise global wildlife conservation efforts, India is a party to major international

conventions vis. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild fauna and flora

(CITES), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), International Convention for the

Regulation of Whaling, UNESCO World Heritage Committee and Convention on Migratory Species

(CMS).

In this context, it is important to note that certain additional areas might be considered as eco-sensitive

areas wherein conservation efforts are more in terms of restrictions in terms of interventions of

development. Such areas may be part of an existing protected area or beyond its boundary thereof.



3.1.4.1 Important Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Areas

106 coastal and marine sites have been identified in India and prioritised for ensuring that at least 10 per

cent of coastal and marine areas are conserved in networks of protected areas and ecosystems that provide

water, health and livelihoods and wellbeing are restored and safeguarded.

3.1.4.2 Marine Protected Areas

The Marine Protected Area Network in India is used as a tool to manage natural and marine resources for

biodiversity conservation and for the wellbeing of the people dependent on it. Protected areas that fall

entirely or partially within the swathe of 500m from the high tide line and the marine environment are

considered to be in the marine protected area network.

3.1.4.2.1 Coastal Regulation Zones

The coastal land up to 500 m from the Highest High Tide Line (HTL) and a stage of 100m along the banks

of creeks, estuaries, backwater and rivers subject to tidal fluctuations. A combination of prohibition and

regulation is practised in CRZs.

3.1.4.3 Natural World Heritage Sites

UNESCO approved list of natural areas in India.

3.1.4.4 Eco-Sensitive Zones around National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries

Areas outside the protected area network are often vital ecological corridor links and must be protected to

prevent isolation of fragments of biodiversity which will not survive in the long run, Land and water use

policies in such areas need to accept the imperative of strictly protecting ecologically fragile habitats and

regulating use elsewhere. All identified areas around protected areas and wildlife corridors are declared as

ecologically fragile under the EPA, 1986. Delineation of eco-sensitive zones is/would have to be site

specific and relate to regulation, rather than prohibition of specific activities. As a matter of general rule a

buffer of 10 km is considered as a default buffer.

3.1.4.5 Elephant Reserves

Notified protected areas for elephants, their habitat and corridors and to address human-animal conflict

Elephants, being long ranging animals, render the concept of Elephant Reserves (ER) much beyond the

boundaries of a protected area. Only about 27 per cent of the area of elephant reserves is legally protected

under the protected area network. Almost 30 per cent of the elephant reserves is outside the purview and

control of MoEF and State Forest Departments. In such a scenario, unlike Project Tiger, the conservation

of elephants requires better coordination and support of other ministries and a much higher financial

support.

3.1.4.6 Tiger Reserves

There are 47 tiger reserves in India at present amounting to about 2.08 per cent of the total geographical

area. Constituted on a core/buffer strategy, the core areas have legal status of a national park or a sanctuary,

whereas the buffer or peripheral areas are a mix of forest and non-forest land, managed as a multiple use

area.

3.1.4.7 Biosphere Reserves

Representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes extending over large area of terrestrial or

coastal/marine ecosystems or a combination thereof and representative examples of bio-geographic

zones/provinces. They have three inter-related zones vis. Core Zone, Buffer Zone and Transition Zone.



3.1.4.8 Important Birding Areas

The important birding area programme of Birdlife International identifies, monitors and protects a global

network of Important Birding Areas (IBAs) for conservation of world's birds and associated biodiversity.

The IBAs serve as conservation areas for protection of birds at the global, regional or sub-regional level.

India has 467 IBAs and 96 potential IBAs, more than 40 per cent of IBAs are outside the protected area

network and thus an important tool for landscape level conservation planning and management.

3.1.4.9 RAMSAR Wetland Sites

The RAMSAR Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilisation of

wetlands, recognizing the fundamental ecological functions as their economic, cultural, scientific and

recreational value. India is a signee to the convention.

Grasslands are highly dynamic ecosystems encompassing all natural and semi-natural pastures, woodlands,

scrub, and steppe formations dominated by grasses and grass like plants. Having closely co-evolved with

grazing ungulates, and played major role in the history of farming, grasslands not only provide vital

ecosystem services such as water and climate regulation in support of agriculture, biogeochemical cycling,

carbon storage, cultural and recreational services, but also form backbone of livelihoods for all pastoral

communities.

The grass cover in India is classified among following five broad types of grass cover found in India:

3.2.1.1 Sehima – Dichanthium

Grasslands which are spread over the Deccan Plateau, Chota Nagpur Plateau and Aravallis with an elevation

range of 300 - 1200m above mean sea level.

3.2.1.2 Dichantium - Cenchrus - Lasiurus

Grasslands which are spread over northern parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Aravalli ranges, south western Uttar

Pradesh, Delhi, and Punjab with an elevation range of 150 - 300m above mean sea level.

3.2.1.3 Phragmites - Saccharum - Imperata

Grasslands which are spread over Gangetic plains, Brahmaputra Valley and the plains of Punjab with an

elevation range of 300 - 500m above mean sea level.

3.2.1.4 Themeda - Arundinella

Grasslands which are spread over foothills and lower hills of Manipur, Assam, northern parts of West

Bengal, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir in the elevation range of 350 - 2000m

above mean sea level.

3.2.1.5 Temperate - Alpine

Grasslands which are spread across the Himalayan States and the temperate high altitude areas of Nagaland,

Manipur and Western Ghats above an altitude of 2000m above mean sea level.



It may however be worthwhile to look into the following categorisation of grasslands from planning

perspectives.1

3.2.2.1 Coastal Grasslands

The Grassland vegetation that is unique to the coastal regions, mostly fund as gregarious single species. It

may be further categorised as follows:

3.2.2.1.1 Grasslands of Sea Beaches

Main Land Beaches: Found on seabeaches of tropical coasts, most important grass species (Spinifex

littoreus) which spreads along the sand dunes and beach sand over large areas.They are circumglobal in

nature and are found usually in pure patches on most of undisturbed beachesin equitorial Asia, Africa

and America.

Island Beaches: Sea shores of many islands are inhabited by a short grass communityThuarea

involucratawhich can be seen as patches of green carpets on the sea beaches especially in the Andaman

& Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep

3.2.2.1.2 Salt Marsh Grasslands

Grasslands dominated by Aleuropus lagopoides found in extensive patches on saline areas frequently

submerged by tidal waters of the seas. The Rann of Kutch is one of the major habitats of this community

and is found as pure gregarious population as well as associated with other herbaceous salt tolerant plants.

3.2.2.1.3 Mangrove Grasslands

Grassland communities found along the marshy intertidal zone of the coastal regions and usually found in

patches between adjacent mangrove forests or area close to sea beaches.The major grass found in this

community are Myriostachya wightiana, Zoysia matrella, Sporobolus viginicus, Halopyrum mucronatum, and Porteresia

coarctata usually as monospecific patches. They are also found in the field bunds of cultivation or prawn

hatcheries located near mangrove zones. The mangroves of Bhitakanika, Sunderbans, Pichavaram on the

east coast and Goa, Bombay, Calicut, Kadalundi, Payyanur and Quilon on the west coast are some of the

areas where these can be found.

3.2.2.2 Riverine Alluvial Grasslands

The riverine alluvium along the banks of major rivers is usually colonised by a primaritly successuibal tall

grassland community dominated by Saccharum spontaneus, (locally known as kans). This primary

successional community often gives way to riverine tree vegetation as one moves away from the flood

banks. Such grasslands are common along the Ganga and Brahmaputr rivers and also in several other rivers

in peninsular India like the Mahanadi, Godavari, Cauvery, Krishna, Narmada and Bharatapusha. The rivers

in Punjab also have such riverine alluvial grasslands. Such grasslands in Northern India are also dominated

by Saccharum Bengalense (Munj) which forms regular dense clumps. These grasslands are a visible treat during

flowering and are habitat to a variety of birds and mammals. Saccharum bengalense serves as an important

livelihood source for villagers by means of harvest of the culms for thatching and weaving baskets, chairs,

ropes and many other artifacts. Ecollogically they provide soil binding services thereby stabilizing and

preventing river beds and banks from erosion. The grasslands of Kaziranga National Park south of

Brahmaputra are also an example of riverine alluvial flood plain grasslands.

1 Grassland Vegetation of India: An Update, Manoj Chandran, Conservator of Forests, Land Survey Directorate,

Uttarakhand Forest Department, Ecology and Management of Grassland Habitats in India, Volume 17, ENVIS, Year 2015



3.2.2.3 Montane Grasslands

The mountainous regions of India have different types of grassland communities based on their altitude,

slope, aspect and rock strata. They occur as multi-species herbaceous communities over large tracts of land

as well as intermixed with shrubs or as an outgrowth in open to moderately dense forest areas.

3.2.2.3.1 Himalayan Sub-tropical Grasslands

Found on the southern slopes of the Himalaya between an altitudinal range of 1000 to 1800m and are

usually founds on steeper slopes with shallow soils. Also found as lush undergrowth in pine forests during

rainy season. Highly vulnerable to forest fires during dry summer season, but being fire hardy, the new

shoots soon emerge from the undergrounds rootstock providing valuable fodder to the grazing wild

herbivores and the domestic livestock during the lean season. These grasslands are used by local

communities for fodder collection during winter after the seeds have fallen and stored for making hay for

future use.

3.2.2.3.2 Himalayan Temperate Grasslands

Found on the slopes of the Himalayas in an altitudinal range of 1800 to 3000 m and are usually found on

rocky slopes with shallow soils where there is sparse tree growth. The blades of some varieties of grasses

are used by locals for thatching purposes.

3.2.2.3.3 Alpine Meadows

Found above the tree line on the southern face of the Greater Himalaya above the altitude of 3000m and

upto 52000m. Known as Marg in Kashmir, Bugyal in Uttarakhand abd various other local names across the

mountain range. Being above the tree line, these grasslands extend over several kilometers and are usually

under snow for a large part of the year and thus form a climatic climax community. However, certain lower

sub-alpine areas also have similar grasslands fomring edaphic climax due to rocky-substrata unsuitable for

tree growth. The most dominant species found in Alpine Meadows is Danthonia cachemyriana, which provides

nitrogen rich fodder to grazing sheep, and other livestock as well as wild herbivores. They have a rich variety

of medicinal plants which are harvested by local communities to sustain their livelihoods. The Chhiple

Kedar alpine amedows in Pithoragarh district and Bedini Bugyal of Chamoli District of Uttarakhand are

among the most extensive and contiguous patches of alpine meadows found in the Himalaya, each of which

is 300 sq.km. in expanse.

3.2.2.3.4 Trans Himalayan Steppes

These Alpine Meadows are found in the northern face of the Great Himalayam, usually known as Trans-

Himalaya. These areas on account of their locations in the rain shadow region of Southwest Monsoons, are

arid and very cold due to proximity to Tibetan Plateau ad very high altitudes usually above 4000m above

mean sea level. These are found in Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, Lahul, Spiti and Kinnaur districts of

Himachal Pradesh; Nilanng, Niti, Malla Hohar, Malla Darma and Lapthal areas of Uttarakhand, and Tso

Lhamu plateau of Sikkim. These grasslands are dominated by short grasses. These areas are often

interspersed with lakes and marsh meadows. The Trans-Himalayan grassland communities of India are

mostly extensions of Tibetan floral elements.

3.2.2.3.5 Grasslands of North East Hills

Found in sub trapical to temperate areas of the North Eastern Hill States south of River Brahmaputra. The

major grasslands include the Dzukou valley in Nagaland and Manipur, Ukhrul grasslands of Manipur,

Saramati grasslands of Nagaland, and the rolling downs of Shillong. There grasslands are charachterised by



a mixture of floral elements of the Himalayan region, South East Asia and Peninsular India and hence form

a unique biodiversity rich area.

3.2.2.3.6 Grasslands of Central Highlands

Found in central Indian highlands vis. Vindhyas and Satpuras, these hill ranges are considered as corridors

between the Western Ghats and Himalayas for migration of species. These grasslands are found intermixed

with tropical dry deciduous forests on rocky patches among sparse to open tree growth and can be ideally

called montane or hill savannas.

3.2.2.3.7 Western Ghats

Found on the rocky hill slopes, high altitude rolling downs and rocky plateau tops of Western Ghats. They

can be further sub categorised as:

Plateaus of North Western Ghats: Found on the plateaus of Western Ghats in Karnataka, Goa and

Maharashtra with usually short grasses, ephemeral in nature, seems as a green flush during the

monsoons and thereafter drying up and the seeds dispersed waiting for the rainfall next monsoon. Such

grassland communities are common in Panchgani, Mahabaleshwar, Ratnagiri and Kaas plateau.

Shola Grasslands: These high altitude grasslands of the Western Ghats found above and altitude of

1800 m upto the highest peak of Anaimudi at 2695m above mean sea level are found between shola

forest patches that occur in the depressions created by watercourses flowing in these rolling downs.

The grasslands of Eravikulam National Park, Mukurti Sanctuary, Kodajadri, Bababudangiri,

Agastyamalai, Poochipara in Silent Valley National Park are all examples of shola grasslands. These

grasslands receive heavy rainfall throughout the year.

South Western Ghats: The slopes of south Western Ghats of Waynad and Idukki districts of Kerala

have more of forest grasses such as Spogiopogon rhizophor us, species of Gamotia, Zenkeria, Arundinella and

also vast stretches of Pennisetum pedicellatum and Pennisetum polystachyon . Many variety of species of grasses

found in abundance in Kabini in Nagarhole National Park, undergrowth in Bandipur, Nagerhole, and

Waynad wildlife sanctuaries and Silent Valley National Park are unique to these grasslands.

3.2.2.3.8 Eastern Ghats

The grasslands of Eastern Ghats are comparatively drier due to lesser rainfall and lower altitudes of about

700m above mean sea level. They are highly discontinuous and in small patches unlike Western Ghats. The

major grass communities are dominated by Arundeinella setosa in the higher altitudes and Aristida adscencionis,

Heteropogon contortus, Sporobolus, Themeda, Chrysopogon etc. in lower areas. The Shevroy hills of Yercaud, Javadi

hills and Malkanagiri represent such grassland communities.

3.2.2.3.9 Montane Bamboo Brakes

These grassland communities are dominated by gregarious dwarf monopodial bamboo species (1 to 5

metres tall), which gives the appearance of a normal grassland from a distance. They provide a suitable

habitat to a variety of pheasants and other birds and mammals. The young shoots are food to a variety of

animals including bears and rodents. The Arundinaria densiflora brakes of Western Ghats, Arundinaria hirsuta

brakes of Khasi hills, Arundinaraia rolloana brakes of Dzukou valley in Nagaland and Yushania anceps brakes

in the sub-alpine regions of Uttarakhand are some of the examples of montane bamboo brakes.

3.2.2.4 Sub-Himalayan Tall Grasslands of Terai Region

These hygrophilous grasslands are found along the length of Sub-Himalayan belt where slopes of the

foothills converge with the plains of the Gangetic basin. These regions are rich in artesian springs making

it ideal for tall grasses. The term Terai refers to this naturally irrigated belt of land and extends from Jammu



till Arunachal Pradesh. The Terai grass lands are facing severe threat due to draining out of water for

irrigation purposes, land filling, development activities and rapid urbanisation. The Terai grasslands are

excellent habitat for the Great One horned Rhinoceros, which at present is limited to the flood plains of

Assam, West Bengal and a few introduced populations in Dudhwa National Park in Uttar Pradesh.

3.2.2.5 Tropical Savannas

Vast stretches of tall tropical grasslands interspersed with isolated or groups of trees, generally found in

Central and Western India

3.2.2.5.1 Desert Savannas

Found in the Great Indian Thar Desert, these Savannas are dominated by Lasiurus scindicus which is a good

soil binder and sand dune stabiliser. Trees of Prosopis cineraria are found as isolated individuals or small

groups. These grasslands are found in the Desert National Park and make a good habitat for the Great

Indian Bustard and other animals. The Asiatic Cheetah once used to inhabit these grasslands before it

became totally extinct.

3.2.2.5.2 Tropical Savannas of Peninsular India

There Grasslands are found almost all over the Deccan Plateau and Western India. They are dominated by

Sehima nervosum and Dichanthium annulatum along with a plethora of other tall and small grasses. The

grasslands of Saurashtra in Western Gujarat represent one of the largest stretch of the Tropical Savannas

of Peninsular India. The Deccan plateau areas of Karnataka and Maharashtra also have a several patches of

Tropical Savannas and form good habitat for several herbivores such as the black buck and also birds like

the Great India Bustard and Lesser Florican.

3.2.2.5.3 Northern Tropical Hill Savannas

There are found as vast stretches of grasslands on hill slopes in the tropical areas of Northern India such

as the Aravalis, Shivaliks and the south facing slopes of the Sub-Himalayan foothills.

3.2.2.5.4 Closed Sal Forest Grasslands

These are a unique kind of grasslands found amidst Sal Forests of the Sub-Himalayan belt and also in

Central India. There are closed grassland communities surrounded by Sal Forests on all sides and are

dominated by grasses that provide excellent habitat for herbivores for grazing with the protection of the

nearby forest areas too. Such grasslands are usually frequented by herds of elephants and deer and also

make good hunting grounds for tigers. Such grasslands are found in Rajaji National Park, Corbett National

Park, Dudhwa in the Sub-Himalayan belt, Kanha National Park in Central India. The fringes of these grass

lands are dominated by Chloris dolichostachya which is a shade loving forest grass.

3.2.2.6 Wet Grasslands

The semi aquatic or wet grasslands are vast stretches found in water logged areas of Sub-Himalayan tracts,

Terai, abandoned paddy fields, seasonal pools and shallow lakes, low lying areas near sea coasts, the

Phumdis of Manipur and also the high altitude lakes. There represent a mix of tall as well as short grasses,

floating grasses and several semi aquatic species of grasses. The most well know wetland grassland is the

Loktak Lake in Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur having unique species of grasses and tall reeds.

Several food grains such as wheat, corn, rice, and millets which are crucial for human survival are known

to have originated in various grasslands and thus they also serve as important reservoir of crop gene pool.

In addition, they form critical habitat for a variety of wild herbivores and other faunal groups for their



breeding, migration and wintering. Owing to steady increase in human and livestock populations during

last few decades, abrupt changes in land use practices, and transformation of traditional pastoral practices,

most of the grasslands in the Asia-pacific region are degrading rapidly with far reaching consequences such

as loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, decline in quality and quantity of forage species, loss of

pastoral livelihoods, and desertification.

Although grasses have wide ecological amplitude and several adaptations to withstand trampling, grazing,

fire, flood and drought, they face severe competition for light and nutrients from aggressive woody species

and alien invasive plants. The nutrient rich sites such as relocated villages, abandoned agricultural fields and

stream courses are particularly prone to invasion by woody species and easily transform into woodlands

and dense thickets of unpalatable shrubs and opportunistic herbs. In many parts of central and south India

overgrazing by domestic livestock, mining, wind-farms, plantations, canals and dams have led to

degradation and loss of grassland habitats.2

In the food web, herbivores are established to play an important role in maintaining the ecological health

of an ecosystem by consuming a sizeable quantity of available vegetation. With the evolution of biodiversity

conservation theory, grazing and browsing of herbivores has been treated as an unsustainable practice for

long-term conservation of wild flora. As a result, livestock grazing has been stopped in the protected areas,

especially in the National Parks. However, after the ban on livestock grazing, chaos has been observed

mainly due to violation of rights of local pastoral communities, and diverse sets of opinion on its impact

on natural vegetation.

Resentment among forest dwellers (semi-arid, arid, tropical, sub-tropical, temperate, alpine, sub-alpine)

over conservation policy of banning the livestock in protected areas has been observed in various

government reports. One of the reasons for resentment is wastage of forage, as it is not being used wisely.

In the tropical grasslands, grasses are burnt as this is one of the traditional practices of maintaining

grasslands. This is done in spite of the fact that the grassland can be used for livestock grazing.

Removal of livestock from grasslands also indicates establishing forests over a period due to secondary

succession (if not burnt), harvested, and eradicated by some mechanical ways. The fear of grasslands

becoming endangered due to invasion by trees if not maintained mechanically, is widespread all across the

globe.

Considering the importance of grasslands, livestock grazing practices and joint natural resources

management along with eco-development concepts, there is an urgent need to focus on a strong and viable

grazing policy for livestock grazing, and ecosystem and environment management.3

Grasslands and deserts are the most neglected ecosystems by the Ministry of Environment and Forests

which looks after biodiversity conservation in India. Protection, development and sustainable use of

grasslands are very important for the rural economy and livestock. India has more than 500 million

livestocks, more than 50 per cent of the fodder for this livestock comes from grasslands. Many natural

grasslands have been converted to plantations, sometimes even in Protected Areas. Some of the most

threatened species of wildlife are found in the grasslands and deserts (e.g. Great Indian Bustard, Lesser

Florican, Indian Rhinoceros, Snow Leopard, Nilgiri Tahr, Wild Buffalo etc). Despite the importance of

2 Ecology and Management of Grassland Habitats in India, Volume 17, ENVIS, Year 2015 3 Chandra Prakash Kala, Ecosystem and Environment Management, Indian Institute of Forest Management,

Current 326 Science, Vol. 96, No. 3, 10 February 2009



grasslands and deserts for biodiversity conservation, livestock dependency and for poverty alleviation, we

still do not have Grassland Development and Grazing Policy in place.4

In most states, grasslands are a purview of the State Forest Department and in some parts revenue

department, but tend to be neglected by the State Forest Department, as their interests lie mainly in trees.

The agriculture department is interested in agricultural crops, whereas the veterinary department is

concerned with livestock, but not the grass on which the livestock is dependent. According to Revenue

Department as well as Rural Development and Panchayati Raj Departments, grasslands are the ‘village

commons’ land of and for the community.

This essentially means that grasslands, the most productive ecosystems in the subcontinent, belongs to all,

but are controlled by none, and they have no godfathers.

The report of the Task Force on Grasslands and Deserts, Government of India, 2006 further observes the

following:

‘Grasslands remain unprotected unless they are notified as Protected Areas under the Wild Life (Protection)

Act, 1972 or notified as Protected or Reserve Forest under the Indian Forest Act, 1927. Most of the States

have excluded the grasslands and have not identified them as ‘deemed forest’ by the State Expert

Committee’s pursuant to the landmark order dated 12.12.1996 in the Forest Matter (T. N. Godavarman

Thriumalpad V. Union of India and others in W.P. (C) No. 202/95). As per the said order of 12.12.1996,

word ‘forest’ should be given a wide and liberal interpretation. Excluding grasslands and including lands

only with tree cover as ‘forest’ is against the letter and spirit of the said order thereby denying the protection

under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (F. C. Act). In view of the fact that the grasslands have

spontaneous natural vegetative growth, these should also be treated as ‘forest land’ for the purposes of the

Forest Conservation Act and restrictions on diversion of such lands for non-forest use should be applicable

to these critical ecosystems as well.’

Increasing population and development is putting immense pressure on Indian water resources, (the most

important natural resources for supporting life). India receives an average annual precipitation (including

snowfall) of about 4000bcm (Billion Cubic Meter). However, there are extensive spatial and temporal

variations in its distribution and hence in availability of water in time and space across the country. It is

estimated that out of the estimated 4000bcm of water, 1869bcm is the average annual potential flow in

rivers available as water resource. The total usable water is only 1123bcm (690bcm from surface water

resources and 433bcm from ground water resources). The water demand is estimated to be 1093bcm by

the year 2025. Due to rapid rise in population and growing economy of the country, there will be continuous

increase in demand for water, and it will become scarce in the coming decades.

Odisha depends largely upon monsoon for its water resources. Southwest monsoon triggers rainfall in the

state. About 78 per cent of total annual rainfall occurs during the period from June to September and the

balance 22 per cent in the remaining period from October to May. In addition to seasonal availability, the

rainfall in the state also shows spatial variation i.e. from about 1200 mm in southern coastal plain to about

1700 mm in northern plateau. The long-term average annual rainfall in the state is of the order of 1452 mm,

which corresponds to an annual precipitation of about 230.76 billion cubic metres (BCM) of water. Of the

4 Report of the Task Force on Grasslands and Deserts, Government of India, 2006



total precipitation, a part is lost by evaporation & transpiration, a part goes towards increasing ground water

storage and the remaining appears as surface runoff. The groundwater reserve and surface runoff constitute

the water resources of the state.

The state is endowed with an extensive network, of rivers and streams. As per an assessment made in 2001,

the average annual availability of surface water from states own drainage boundary is estimated as

82.841bcm. Considering the topography and geological limitations, it has been assessed that 65.679bcm of

water can be utilised. Besides, inflow of 37.55bcm is also available annually from neighbouring states

through interstate rivers. Out of which, the utilisable surface water resources was assessed as 29.861bcm.

Due to increasing demands of water for various uses, an attempt has been made to assess the availability of

water by the year 2051. The assessment reveals that the surface water availability from its own drainage

boundary remains more or less fixed but the inflow of surface water from neighbouring states will be

reduced from 37.556bcm to 25.272bcm.5

The water sector is challenged by an increasing water demand and falling per capita availability, unacceptable

levels of water use and energy efficiency, deterioration of water quality, reduction or deterioration of

available resources (loss of surface storage), increasing competition/conflict within sectors, under and

inefficient utilisation of irrigation potential, over exploitation and depletion of ground water resources,

water-logging and soil salinity in irrigated lands, fragmentation of management of water/management of

shared resources, lack of spatial inventory for large number of water infrastructure, currently used water

resources potential estimates are old, significant change in land use/land cover, demographic and utilisation

pattern in past few decades.

Access to water, and its allocation and use, are critical concerns that often leads to conflict. Water-related

tensions occurs when water is scarce, but even when the resource is not severely limited, its allocation and

use (physical and economic scarcity) can still be hotly contested. The coexistence of a variety of uses and

users – such as agriculture, industry, different clans or ethnic groups, and rural and urban users – increases

the likelihood of conflicting interests over water.

Part of the cause of water conflicts owe to the specific nature of water as a resource: for example6

Water is divisible and amenable to sharing

Contrarily, it is a common pool resource so that a unit of water used by someone is a unit denied to

others

It has multiple uses and users and involves resultant trade-offs

Excludability is an inherent problem and inclusion costs involved are often very high

It requires a consideration and understanding of nested expanding scales and boundaries from the local

watershed to inter-basin transfers

The way water is planned, used and managed causes externalities – both positive and negative, and

many of them are unidirectional and asymmetric.

Water is an essential component of national and local economies, and is needed to create and maintain jobs

across all sectors of the economy. Half of the global workforce is employed in eight water and natural

resource-dependent industries: agriculture, forestry, fisheries, energy, resource-intensive manufacturing,

recycling, building and transport. Sustainable water management, water infrastructure and access to a safe,

5 Annual Report 2015-16, Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha 6 Forum for Policy Dialogue on Water Conflicts in India, February 2012



reliable and affordable supply of water and adequate sanitation services improve living standards, expand

local economies, and lead to the creation of more decent jobs and greater social inclusion. Sustainable water

management is also an essential driver of green growth and sustainable development.7

A watershed, or catchment area, is the area of land where all water that drains off it or flows beneath it

drains into a single point or body of water. Watersheds can vary in size from a few hectares of land to

thousands of square kilometres. Watershed management is the integrated use of land, vegetation, and water

resources that harmonises actions between upstream and downstream areas to raise agricultural

productivity, increase rural incomes, and rejuvenate the natural resource base.

Satellite images taken at regular intervals have the ability to provide accurate thematic data - such as land

use and land cover, groundwater prospects, soil characteristics etc. - for large catchments as well as micro-

watersheds. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) fusing this spatial data with non-spatial data such as

rainfall, literacy etc. immensely helps technical experts and communities to prioritise works and develop

comprehensive action plans for each micro-watershed.

Thematic resource maps depicting land use and land cover showing the area under agriculture, forests,

wasteland, and location of settlements when merged with other maps depicting soil health profiles,

groundwater profiles, location of water bodies, contours etc. can help prioritise areas for developing

comprehensive integrated sustainable action plans for each micro-watershed with far reaching benefits.8

Interestingly, in spite of water being one of the most important natural resources, and with about 71 per

cent of earth’s surface covered with water, and India on the verge of a water crisis, waterbodies are not

considered as a land use category in regional planning in India.

Following is an attempt on understanding possible sub-categorisation for water as a land use category (all

may not be applicable to Odisha)

3.3.3.1 Saline Water Bodies

3.3.3.1.1 Ocean

A body of saline water that composes much of Earths Hydrosphere.

3.3.3.1.2 Sea

A large expanse of saline water connected with an ocean, or a large, usually saline, lake that lacks a natural

outlet such as the Caspian Sea or the Dead Sea.

3.3.3.1.3 Bay

An area of water bordered by land on three sides, similar to but generally smaller than a gulf.

3.3.3.1.4 Cove

A coastal landform, used to describe a circular round inlet with a narrow entrance.

7 Water and Jobs, The United Nations World Water Development Report, 2016 8 Innovations in Development - Karnataka Watershed Development Project: Using Satellite Imagery to Develop

Land and Water Resources, The World Bank in India, Antrix Corporation and Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka, 2011.



3.3.3.1.5 Gulf

A part of a lake or ocean that so that it is surrounded by land on three sides, similar to but generally larger

than a bay.

3.3.3.1.6 Lagoon

A body of comparatively shallow saline or brackish water separated from the larger, deeper body of saline

water (sea) by a shallow or exposed sandbank, coral reef, or similar feature.

3.3.3.1.7 Strait

A naturally formed, narrow body of saline or brackish water that connects two larger bodies of water and

lies between two land masses. Straits are generally navigable.

3.3.3.1.8 Creeks (Tidal)

A tidal creek is a portion of a stream or river that is affected by the ebb and flow of ocean tides and

discharges to an ocean, sea or strait. It has variable salinity and electrical conductivity over the tidal cycles

and offers unique biota.

3.3.3.1.9 Delta

A natural landform that forms due to deposition of sediments carried by a river as it enters a slow moving

or standing water like ocean, sea, lake, reservoir or another river (rare). They tend to be major agricultural

production and population centres and are ecologically sensitive.

3.3.3.1.10 Estuary

A partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and

with a free connection to the open sea forming a transition zone between river and marine environments

subject to marine and riverine influences. They tend to be the most productive natural habitat and support

about 60 per cent of the world’s population.

3.3.3.2 Fresh (Flowing) Water Bodies

3.3.3.2.1 Rivers

A natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing from high to lower grounds towards an ocean,

sea, lake or another river or water body. In some cases it flows into ground or becomes dry at the end of

its course without reaching another water body.

3.3.3.2.2 Streams

A flowing watercourse with a detectable current and confined within a bed and banks. They are an

important conduits in water cycle, instruments of groundwater recharge and corridors for fish and wildlife

migration.

3.3.3.2.3 Canal

An artificial waterway used for water conveyance (generally from a dam or artificial reservoir) or service

water transport vehicles and may connect exiting lakes rivers or oceans.

3.3.3.2.4 Channel

A physical confine/outline consisting of bed and banks of a path of relatively shallow and /or narrow body

of water most commonly for a river, river delta or strait.



3.3.3.3 Fresh (Stagnant) Water Bodies

3.3.3.3.1 Lakes (Natural)

A lake is an area of variable size, generally filled with freshwater, localised in a basin, which is surrounded

by land, apart from any river or other outlets that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes are on land and

not part of ocean/sea hence distinct from lagoons and are larger and deeper than ponds.

3.3.3.3.2 Ponds

A body of standing water either natural or artificial, generally smaller than a lake, that arise naturally in

floodplains or somewhat isolated depressions. They are generally shallow, can be artificial. The Ramsar

Wetland Convention sets an upper limit to the size (8 hectares) of ponds to distinguish them from lakes

(but no universally accepted definitions)

3.3.3.3.3 Artificial Reservoirs

An artificial lake storage pond or impoundment created using a dam or lock to store water by controlling a

stream that drains an existing body of water or constructed in a river valley using a dam, or built by

excavating a flat ground or constructing retaining walls and levees

3.3.3.4 Frozen Waterbodies

3.3.3.4.1 Glaciers

A persistent body of dense ice formed where accumulation of snow exceeds ablation (melting and

sublimation) over many years.

3.3.3.5 Wetlands

Wetlands are Transitional Zones between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at

or near the surface or the land us covered by shallow water. Wetlands must have one or more of the

following three attributes vis. at least periodically the land supports predominantly hydrophytes, the

substrate has predominantly undrained hydric soil; and the substrate is non-soil, saturated with water or

covered by shallow water at some time during the growing season of each year.

3.3.3.5.1 Swamp

Forested wetland that generally occur along large rivers where they critically depend on natural water level

fluctuations and/or shores of large lakes and coastal areas. Some swamps have dry land protrusions,

covered with aquatic vegetation or vegetation that tolerates periodic inundations. Traditionally, swamps

were associated with low property value and were extensively exploited by draining and intensive logging

and hence were degraded. Now swamps are being conserved as they provide valuable ecological services

including food control, fish production, water purification, carbon storage/sink, and wildlife habitat.

3.3.3.5.2 Marsh

Wetlands, that are often found at the edges of lakes, coastal areas and streams, and are dominated by

herbaceous (grasses, rushes and reeds) rather than woody plant species and provide a habitat for many

species of plants, animals and insects that have adopted to living in flooded conditions. They have extremely

high levels of biological productions, hence very important for fisheries and act as carbon and pollution

sink.



3.3.3.5.3 Bog

Wetlands that accumulates peat, a deposit of plant material - often mosses. There are frequently covered in

ericaceous shrubs rooted in moss and peat, the gradual accumulation of decayed plant material in a bod

functions as a carbon sink. Bongs tend to occur where the water at the ground surface us acidic and low in

nutrients.

3.3.3.5.4 Fen

Minerotropic peatlands usually fed by mineral rich surface water or groundwater and are either pH neutral

or alkaline with relatively high dissolved minerals but few other plant nutrients, and are generally dominated

by grasses and sedges and brown moss.

The agriculture and allied sector plays a pivotal role in sustainable growth and development of the Indian

economy. It is expected to meet the food and nutritional requirements of 1.3 billion Indians, contribute to

employment and production along with generating impetus for various backward and forward linkages.

The role of agricultural sector in alleviating poverty and in ensuring sustainable development of the

economy is well established.

While it has made large strides in achieving the agricultural development goals of food security, availability

and accessibility, it is still being challenged by a formidable agrarian crisis. This situation has recently led to

fresh thinking on the developmental approach in the agriculture sector.

The share and growth of the agriculture and allied sector at the state level presents a very different picture

from that at the national level. While at the national level, the agriculture and allied sectors contributed

about 14 per cent to the GDP in 2013-14 (at constant 2004-05 prices), a number of states show a much

larger share of agriculture in GSDP. About 13 states earn over 20 per cent of their GSDP from agriculture,

whereas only seven states earn less than 15 per cent of their GSDP through agriculture. Odisha being one

in the range from 15 to 20 per cent.9

Climate change has been increasingly pressurising agriculture development strategy to incorporate climatic

resilience, technological interventions, and changes in farm practices and diversification in cropping

patterns for achieving sustainable agricultural growth.10

Green Revolution provided the much needed food security to the vast population of the Indian Nation but

in spite of being one of the top producers of almost all agricultural commodities, the productivity is still

very low compared to many other countries in the world. The fatigue in the post-green revolution era has

now attained serious dimensions. For achieving the required production targets to feed more than 1.5 billion

in 2050, it is imperative to develop strategies that can sustain higher levels of production without an adverse

effect on the environment. In order to maximise the production from the available resources and prevailing

climatic conditions, need-based, location specific technology needs to be generated. Delineation of agro-

climatic zones based on soil, water, rainfall, temperature etc.

Projects of world banks on water shed management in Karnataka undertaken with support from Antrix

Corporation (ISRO) has proved how an integrated approach with considerations to land use, river-basins

9 State of Indian Agriculture, 2015-16, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare, Ministry of

Agriculture and & Farmer’s Welfare, Government of India 10 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), 2014



and watersheds, contours, soil health profiles, groundwater profiles, location of water bodies, etc. can result

in far reaching benefits in agricultural productivity.

The Agriculture department and the Directorate of Economics and Statistics have been maintaining land

use statistics with a predominant focus on agriculture as a land use. These statistics have been maintained

for long under a nine fold classification as prescribed by Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India.

Five of these nine categories are related to agriculture, one for forests, grazing & pasture lands, one for

wasteland and one for all other non-agricultural land uses.

The total geographical area considered in statistics is the latest figures of geographical area of the

State/Union Territories are those provided by the Office of the Surveyor General of India. Whereas the

reporting area for land utilisation statistics stands for the area for which data on land use classification of

area are available. In areas where land utilisation figures are based on land records, reporting area is the area

according to village papers, in cases when the papers are not maintain in respect of entire area (e.g. forest

area or paper does not exist) adhoc estimates of classification of area are derived to complete the coverage.

Following are some of the key terminologies used in the said classification

3.4.1.1 Net Sown Area

This represents the total area sown with crops and orchards. Area sown more than once in the same year

is counted only once.

3.4.1.2 Current Fallow

This represents cropped area which is kept fallow during the current year.

3.4.1.3 Fallow other than Current Fallow

This includes all land which was taken up for cultivation but is temporarily out of cultivation for a period

of not less than one year and not more than five years.

3.4.1.4 Land under Miscellaneous Trees and Crops not included in Net Sown Area

This includes all cultivable land which is not included in ‘Net area sown’ but is put to some agricultural

uses. Land under casuring trees, thatching grasses, bamboo bushes and other groves for fuel, etc. which are

not included under ‘Orchards’ are classified under this category.

3.4.1.5 Culturable Waste Land

This includes land available for cultivation, whether taken up or not taken up for cultivation once, but not

cultivated during the last five years or more in succession including the current year for some reason or the

other . Such land may be either fallow or covered with shrubs and jungles which are not put to any use.

They may be accessible or inaccessible and may lie in isolated blocks or within cultivated holdings.

3.4.1.6 Forests

This includes all land classified either as forest under any legal enactment, or administered as forest, whether

State-owned or private, and whether wooded or maintained as potential forest land. The area of crops raised

in the forest and grazing lands or areas open for grazing within the forests remain included under the ‘forest

area’.



3.4.1.7 Permanent Pasture and Grazing Land

This includes all grazing land whether it is permanent pasture and meadows or not. Village common grazing

land is included under this heading.

3.4.1.8 Barren and Un-culturable Land

This includes all land covered by mountains, deserts, etc. Land which cannot be brought under cultivation

except at an exorbitant cost is classified as un-culturable whether such land is in isolated blocks or within

cultivated holdings.

3.4.1.9 Area put to Non-Agricultural Uses

This includes all land occupied by buildings, roads and railways or under water, e.g. rivers and canals, and

other land put to uses other than agriculture.

The total cultivated area is defined as the sum of Net Sown Area and the Current Fallow. Some of this area

can be irrigated area.

3.4.2.1 Irrigated Area

An area is assumed to be irrigated for cultivation through such sources as canals (Govt. & Private), tanks,

tube-wells, other wells and other sources.

3.4.2.1.1 Net Irrigated Area

The area irrigated through any source once in a year for a particular crop.

3.4.2.1.2 Gross Irrigated Area

The total area under crops, irrigated once and/or more than once in a year. It is counted as many times as

the number of times the areas are cropped and irrigated in a year.

3.4.2.1.3 Net Un-Irrigated Area

The area arrived at by deducting the net irrigated area from net sown area.

3.4.2.1.4 Gross Un-Irrigated Area

The area arrived at by deducting the gross irrigated area from the gross sown area

The total Cultivable Area is defined as the sum of net sown area, current fallow land, fallow other than

current fallow land, land under miscellaneous trees and crops not included in net sown area, and culturable

waste land. It is important to note that the cropping pattern would play a major role in planning conversion

of cultivable area to cultivated area.

The cropping pattern can be single cropping, multi-cropping and mix cropping. The crops may further be

classified under two categories vis.

3.4.3.1 Food Crops

These include

Food Grains

o Cereals



o Pulses

Sugar Crops

Spices and Condiments

Vegetables

Fruits

3.4.3.2 Non- Food Crops

These include

Oil Seeds

Fibres

Dyes and Tanning Material

Drugs and Narcotics

Plantation Crops

Fodder Crops

Green Manure Crops

Floriculture Crops

Aromatic and Medicinal Plants

Other Non-Food Crops

A total of 127 agro-climatic zones have been identified in India under National Agricultural Research

Project (NARP) based on a comprehensive research review of each state. While delineating zonal

boundaries the physiographic divisions of each of the state, its rainfall pattern, soil type, availability of

irrigation water, existing cropping pattern and administrative units have been considered in such a manner

that there are fewer variations on the parameters within a zone. The delineation of zonal boundary of the

NARP in mostly in terms of districts and in some cases talukas/tehsils or subdivisions have also been

considered substantial.

Odisha State has been classified into ten distinct agro-climatic zones.

3.4.4.1 AZ60 North Western Plateau

The district of Sundargarh and parts of Deogarh, Sambalpur & Jharsuguda are covered in this zone. This

zone predominantly displays red, brown forest, red & yellow, mixed red & black soil types.

3.4.4.2 AZ61 North Central Plateau

The district of Mayurbhanj and major parts of Keonjhar, (except Anandapur & Ghasipura block) are

covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays lateritic, red & yellow, mixed red & black soil types.

3.4.4.3 AZ62 North Eastern Coastal Plains

The districts of Balasore, Bhadrak and parts of Jajpur & Hatdihi block of Keonjhar are covered in this zone.

This zone predominantly displays red, lateritic, deltaic alluvial, coastal alluvial & saline soil types.

3.4.4.4 AZ63 East and South Eastern Coastal Plains

The districts of Kendrapara, Khurda, Jagatsinghpur and parts of Cuttack, Puri, Nayagarh & part of Ganjam

are covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays saline, lateritic, alluvial, red & mixed red & black

soil types.



3.4.4.5 AZ64 North Eastern Ghats

The districts of Phulbani, Rayagada, Gajapati and parts of Ganjam and small patches of Koraput are

covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays brown forest, lateritic alluvial, red, mixed red &

black soil types.

3.4.4.6 AZ65 Eastern Ghat Highlands

Major parts of Koraput and Nabarangpur districts are covered in this zone. This zone predominantly

displays red, mixed red & black, mixed red & yellow soil types.

3.4.4.7 AZ66 Southeastern Ghats

The district of Malkangiri and parts of Keonjhar are covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays

red, lateritic, and black soil types.

3.4.4.8 AZ67 Western Undulating Zone

The districts of Kalahandi and Nuapada are covered in this zone. This zone predominantly displays red,

mixed red & black and black soil types.

3.4.4.9 AZ68 West Central Table Land

The districts of Bargarh, Bolangir, Boudh, Sonepur and parts of Sambalpur and Jharsuguda are covered in

this zone. This zone predominantly displays red & yellow, red & black, black, brown forest and lateritic soil

types.

3.4.4.10 AZ69 Mid Central Table Land

The districts of Angul, Dhenkanal and parts of Cuttack and Jajpur are covered in this zone. This zone

predominantly displays alluvial, red, lateritic, mixed red & black soil types.

Industries, as a sector is complex in nature. The sector drives growth and forms the base of economy in

most states of India including Odisha. On one hand we have the individual manufacturing units (industrial

units) at the same time these units tend to setup base in vicinity to each other leading to creation of industrial

areas. The industrial areas may be promoted by the government to guide industrial development, and at the

same time they can be an organic growth or clustering of industrial units.

In context of regional level spatial planning, individual industrial units may not be representable on a spatial

plan, whereas development of clusters, group of industries, or an industrial park is more likely to find a

place in the industrial policy of a state. None the less, it is important to understand the various classifications

of industrial units in order to understand the sub-categorisation of industrial areas.

The industrial units may be classified based on various parameters. An individual unit may be classifiable

in more than one these parameters. Select important parameters of classification are described in

subsequent sections.



3.5.1.1 Labour and Investment

3.5.1.1.1 Large Scale Enterprises

For manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be more than INR 10 crores. For

service sector, investment in equipment should be more than INR 5 crores.

3.5.1.1.2 Medium Scale Enterprises

For manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be between INR 5 Crores to INR 10

crores. For service sector, investment in equipment should be between INR 2 Crores to INR 5 crores.

3.5.1.1.3 Small Enterprises

For manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be between INR 25 lakhs to INR 5

crores. For service sector, investment in equipment should be between INR 10 lakhs to INR 2 crores.

3.5.1.1.4 Micro Enterprises

For manufacturing sector, investment in plant and machinery should be less than INR 25 lakhs. For service

sector, investment in equipment should be less than INR 10 lakhs.

3.5.1.2 Ownership

3.5.1.2.1 Private Sector

Industrial units owned by individual or firms (e.g. Tata motors, Bajaj auto, etc.)

3.5.1.2.2 Public Sector

Industrial units owned by the state and its agencies (e.g. Indian Oil Corporation, Bharat Heavy Electricals

etc.)

3.5.1.2.3 Joint Sector

Industrial units owned jointly by the private sector and the state or its agencies (such as Gujarat Alkalies

Limited, Oil India limited etc.)

3.5.1.2.4 Co-operative Sector

Industrial Units owned and run cooperatively by a group of people who are generally producers of raw

material of the given industry e.g. Amul India, all dairy cooperatives, etc.

3.5.1.2.5 Multinationals

Industrial units that have a set up in multiple countries.

3.5.1.3 Product Groups

3.5.1.3.1 Primary Sector

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

Mining and Quarrying

3.5.1.3.2 Secondary Sector

Manufacturing

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

Water supply and solid/liquid waste management and remediation

Construction



3.5.1.3.3 Tertiary Sector

Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles

Transportation and storage/logistics services

Accommodation and food services

Information and communication services

Financial and insurance services

Real estate services

Professional scientific and technical services

Administrative and support services

Public administration, defence and compulsory social security services

Education

Human health and social work services

Arts entertainment and recreational services

Other repair and organisation membership services

Domestic services

Services for extra-territorial organisations and bodies

3.5.1.4 Pollution Load

3.5.1.4.1 Red – Highly Polluting

Isolated Storage of

Hazardous

Chemicals

Automobile

Manufacturing

(integrated)

Hazardous Waste

Recycling

Lubricating Oils and

Grease

Manufacturing

DG Sets (>5MVA)

Carbon Black and

allied

Lead Acid Battery

Phosphate Rock

Processing

Power Generation

Plant

Hazardous Waste

Recyclers

Chlorinated

Hydrocarbons

Sugar

Fibre Glass

Production

Fire Crackers

E-Waste Recyclers

Milk and Dairy

Products

Phosphorous

Pulp and Paper

Coke Making

Explosives and

Detonators

Paints Varnishes and

Pigments

Organic Chemicals

Airports and

Commercial Air

Strips

Asbestos

Basic Chemicals

Cement

Chlorates,

Perchlorate and

Peroxides

Chlorine, Fluorine,

Bromine, Iodine

Dye and Dye

Intermediates

Health care

Establishments

Hotels (Big)

Lead Acid Battery

Recyclers

Waste Electrical and

Electronic

Recyclers

Glue and Gelatin

Mining and Ore

Beneficiation

Nuclear Power Plan

Pesticides

Photographic Film /

Chemicals

Yarn/Textile

Processing

Chlor Alkali

Ship Breaking

Oil and Gas

Extraction

Metal Surface

Treatment

Tanneries

Port/harbour/jetties

Synthetic Fibres

Thermal Power Plans

Slaughter House

Aluminium Smelter

Copper Smelter



Fertilisers (basic)

Integrated Iron and

Steel

Pulp and Paper

(beaching)

Zinc Smelter

Oil and Refinery

Petrochemicals

Pharmaceutical

Pulp and Paper (large

agro + wood)

Distillery

Railway Locomotive

workshop service

centres

3.5.1.4.2 Orange - Moderately Polluting

Almirah, Grill

Manufacturing

Aluminium and

Copper Extraction

from Scrap

Automobile

Servicing and

repairing

Ayurvedic and

homeopathic

medicines

Brickfields

Building

Construction >

20000sq.m.

Cashew Nut

Processing

Ceramics and

Refractories

Chanachur and

Laddoo using husk

fired oven

Coal Waheries

Coated Electrode

Coffee Seed

Processing

Compact Disk,

computer floppy

Copper waste

recyclers

Dairy and Dairy

Products (small

scale)

DG Set (1-5 MVA)

Dismantling of

Rolling stocks

Dry Cell Battery

Dry Coal / Mineral

Processing

Fermentation (Extra

Neutral Alcohol)

Ferrous and Non

Ferrous Metal

Extraction

Fertilisers

(granulation /

formulation

/blending)

Fish feed, poultry

feed and cattle feed

Fish Processing and

Packing

Flakes from rejected

PET bottles

Foam manufacturing

Food and Food

Processing

Forging of Ferrous

and Non Ferrous

Formulation/

Palletisation of

Camphor tablets etc.

Glass Ceramics,

earthen potteries and

tile

Gravure printing,

digital printing on

flex

Heat treatment using

oil fired furnace

Hot mix plants

Ice cream

Foundry Operations

Iodised Salt from

crude/raw salt

Jute Processing and

without dyeing

Large Bakery and

confectionary

Transformer

repairing/

manufacturing

Tyres and tubes

vulcanisation / hot

retread

Vegetable oil

manufacturing

Wire drawing and

wire netting

Large cotton

spinning and weaving

Lime manufacturing

Liquid Floor Cleaner,

black phenyl

Manufacturing of

glass

Manufacturing of

mirror

Manufacturing of

mosquito repellent

coil

Manufacturing of

Starch / Sago

Mechanised laundry

using oil fired boiler

Medium Scale Hotels

Modular Wooden

Furniture

New Highway

construction Project



Non-Alcoholic

Beverages

Paint Blending and

Mixing

Paints and Varnishes

Parboiled Rice Mills

Pharmaceutical

Formulation

Ply board

Manufacturing

Potable Alcohol

(IMFL) by blending

Printing Ink

Manufacturing

Printing or etching of

glass sheet

Printing press

Producer Gas Plant

Recyclers - Used Oil

Recyclers - Waste Oil

Recycling - Paint and

ink sludge

Reprocessing of

waste Plastic / PVC

Rolling Mill (oil or

coal fired)

Silica Gel

Silk / Saree Screen

Printing

Spray Painting

Steel and Steel

Products with

Furnaces

Stone Crushers

Surgical and Medical

products

Synthetic detergents

and soaps

Synthetic resins

Synthetic rubber

excluding moulding

Teflon based

products

Thermocol

manufacturing

Thermometer

Tobacco Products

including cigarettes

Tooth Powder,

Toothpaste and

Talcum Powder

3.5.1.4.3 Green – Low Polluting

Aluminium Utensils

Ayurvedic Medicines

Small Bakery /

Confectionery

PP Film

Biomass briquettes

Melamine Resins

Brass and Bell Metal

Utensils

Candy

Cardboard /

Corrugated box

Carpentry and

Wooden Furniture

Cement Products

Ceramic Colour by

mixing

Chilling Plan and Ice

Making

Coke briquetting

Small Cotton

Spinning and

Weaving

Dal Mills

Decoration of

Ceramic Cups

Digital Printing on

PVC Clothes

Handling, storage of

food grains

Flour Mills

Electrical Glass,

ceramic, earthen

potteries

Glue from starch

Gold and Silver

smithy

Non-polluting heat

treatment

Insulation / coated

papers

Leather

footwear/products

Blending of

lubricating oil,

greases

Pasted Veneers

Oil Mill Ghani

Packing Materials

Phenyl/ Toilet

Cleaners

Polythene/ Plastic

Products

Poultry, Hatchery

and Piggery

Power Looms

(without dyeing and

bleaching)

Puffed Rice (muri)

Ready Mix Cement

Concrete

Reprocessing of

Waste Cotton

Rice Mill (Rice

Hullers only)

Rolling Mill (gas

fired) and cold rolling

mills

Rubber goods (gas

operated baby boiler)

Saw Mills

Soap Manufacturing

Spice Blending

Spice Grinding

Steel Furniture

Grain Processing

Tyre/tyre re-treading



Chilling / Ice Plant

Carbon Dioxide

Recovery

Distilled Water

Small Hotels

Optical Lenses

Mineralised Water

Tamarind Powder

Marble Stone

Emery Powder

Flyash Export

Mineral Stack Yard

Oil and Gas

Transportation

Pipeline

Seasoning of Wood

Synthetic Detergent

Tea Processing

Pulverisation of

Bamboo

3.5.1.4.4 White – Non Polluting

Air Coolers /

Conditioners

Bicycles and Baby

Carriages

Bailing of Waste

Papers

Bio Fertilisers / Bio

Pesticides

Biscuit Trays

Blending / Pack of

Tea

Block Making of

Printing

Chalk Making

Compressed Oxygen

Gas

Cotton and Woollen

Hosiers

Diesel Pump

Repairing

Electric Lamp (bulb)

and CFL

Electrical and

Electronic Item

Engineering and

Fabrication Units

Flavoured betel nuts

Flyash Bricks /

Blocks

Fountain Pen

Glass Ampules

Glass Putty and

Sealant

Ground Nut

Decorticating

Handloom / Carpet

Weaving

Leather Cutting &

Stitching

Coir Items from

Coconut Husks

Metal Cap

Containers

Shoe Brush and Wire

Brush

Medical Oxygen

Organic and

Inorganic Nutrients

Organic Manure

Packing of Powdered

Milk

Paper Pins and U

clips

Repairing of electric

motors /generators

Rope (plastic and

cotton)

Scientific and

Mathematical

instruments

Solar Module non-

conventional energy

apparatus

Solar Power

Generation through

Solar Photovoltaic

Cell, wind power and

mini hydel power

(less than 25 MW)

Surgical and Medical

Products Assembling

3.5.1.5 Miscellaneous

3.5.1.5.1 Village

Located in villages and primarily cater to the needs of the rural people, usually employs local machinery

such as oil extraction, grain grinding and agricultural implements

3.5.1.5.2 Cottage

Setup in houses, work of wood, cane, brass, stone, handloom, khadi, leather work etc.



3.5.1.5.3 Consumer

Convert raw material or primary products into commodities directly used by people (e.g garments, bakeries,

food processing units, electric appliances etc.

3.5.1.5.4 Ancillary

Parts and components manufactures that are either downstream products or are further used by aggregator

industries. (e.g. precision engineering, plastic products etc.)

3.5.1.5.5 Basic

Act as anchor/base for further downstream industries/production. (e.g. petroleum, iron, steel etc.)

3.5.1.5.6 Capital Intensive

Require large investments in plants equipment machinery etc. (e.g. iron, steel cement etc.)

3.5.1.5.7 Labour Intensive

Require large labour force (e.g. shoe making, bidi manufacturing etc.)

3.5.2.1 Industrial Corridors

An industrial corridor is a package of infrastructure spending allocated to a specific geographical area, with

the intent to stimulate industrial development. An industrial corridor aims to create clusters of

manufacturing or other industries, often created in areas that have some pre-existing infrastructure such as

ports, highways, railroads etc.

3.5.2.1.1 East Coast Economic Corridor (ECEC)

Covers the states of West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. Vizag to Chennai segment

taken up as first phase. Vishakapatnam, Machilipatnam, Donakonda and Srikalahasti-Yeroedu in Andhra

Pradesh identified for development.

3.5.2.2 Special Investment Regions

An industrial infrastructure package allocated to a specific geographical area, with the intent to stimulate

industrial development. An SIR may be part of an industrial corridor, and may contain one or more SEZs,

Industrial Clusters, and Industrial Parks etc.

3.5.2.2.1 National Investment and Manufacturing Zones

Integrated Industrial Investment region with land area of at least 5000ha (50sq.km) having a combination

of production units (existing or new), public utilities logistics, other industrial infrastructure, environmental

protection mechanisms, residential area and other administrative services. An NIMZ may have one or more

SEZ, Industrial Parks, Logistics/Warehousing zones, EOUs, DTAs etc.) All benefits available under

relevant existing legislations /policy continue to remain available).

Kalinganagar, Jajpur, Odisha

Ponneri, Thiruvallur District, Tamil Nadu



3.5.2.2.2 Petroleum Chemical and Petrochemical Investment Regions

A PCPIR is a specifically delineated investment region with an area of about 250 sq. km planned for the

establishment of manufacturing facilities for domestic and export led production in petroleum, chemical

and petrochemicals along with the associated services and infrastructure as suitable for a combination of

production units, logistics, other industrial processes, environmental protection mechanisms, residential

areas and administrative services with a minimum processing area of 40 per cent or 100 sq.km.(may or may

not be contiguous). A PCPIR may have one or more SEZ, Industrial Parks, Logistics/Warehousing zones,

EOUs, DTAs etc.) All benefits available under relevant existing legislations /policy continue to remain

available).

3.5.2.2.3 Information Technology Investment Region

An ITIR is a specifically delineated investment region with a minimum area of about 40 sq. km planned for

the establishment of Information Technology/Information Technology Enable Services and Electronic

Hardware Manufacturing Units and facilities along with the associated services and infrastructure as suitable

for a combination of production units, logistics, public utilities, environmental protection mechanisms,

residential areas and administrative services with a minimum processing area of 40 per cent (may or may

not be contiguous). An ITIR may have one or more SEZ, Industrial Parks, Logistics/Warehousing zones,

EOUs, DTAs etc.) All benefits available under relevant existing legislations /policy continue to remain

available)

3.5.2.3 Special Economic Zones

A specified demarcated duty free industrial territory, deemed to be considered outside customs territory of

India for the purpose of trade and export promotion. The minimum contiguous area requirement for

developing a SEZ for different categories is mentioned below:

Multiple Product SEZ: 500 ha

Sector Specific SEZ: 50ha

Free Trade and Warehousing Zones: 40ha,

Gems and Jewellery /Agro based /Biotechnology /Handicrafts /Equipment manufacturing for non-

conventional energy and solar energy: 10 ha

IT SEZ: no minimum land area (a minimum built up of 100000 sq.m., 50000 sq.m. and 25000sq.m. is

necessary based on city category).

An upper limit of 5000 ha is also demarcated for Multi-Product SEZs.

3.5.2.3.1 Government Promoted SEZs

Government plays the role of Developer and Co-Developer, land is responsibility of the Government.

3.5.2.3.2 Private SEZs

Private sector player plays the role of Developer and Co-Developer, land is responsibility of the private

sector player.

3.5.2.3.3 SEZs (Public Private Partnerships)

Government plays the role of Developer and Private sector player plays the role of Co-Developer, land is

responsibility of the government, generally private sector player invests in infrastructure.



3.5.2.4 Industrial Clusters

Industrial Clusters are a group of interrelated industries that drive wealth creation in a region through

industrial production. An industrial cluster is different from a classic definition of industry sector as it

represents the entire value chain of a broadly defined industry from suppliers to end products including all

the support services and specialised infrastructure. Cluster industries tend to be geographically concentrated

and interconnected by the flow of goods and services which are stronger than the flow linking them to the

rest of the economy.

Transitioned to stabilised consortium approach adopted by MSMEs that were earlier facing difficulties in

achieving economies of scale, specialisation and innovation due to their small size are being benefitted by

combining advantages of running a small unit with the benefits of scale and specialisation provided by large

units There are more than 600 Industrial SME clusters and over 7000 artisan/micro enterprising clusters

in India. There are about 2500 untapped/emerging rural clusters in India. Some of the clusters are so large

that they account for almost about 80 per cent of the production of select product within India.

3.5.2.5 Industrial Estates/Parks

Industrial Estates/Parks are specific areas zoned for industrial activity in which infrastructure such as roads,

power, and other utility services is provided to facilitate growth of industries and minimise impact on the

environment. Selection of location/sites for industrial areas ideally take economic, social as well as

environmental issues into consideration. They may offer developed plots, or pre-built factories or plug and

play units or standard design factories for industrial units. Integrated township/residential areas along with

supporting social infrastructure may also be integrated as part of the same.

3.5.2.5.1 Government Promoted Industrial Estates/Parks

Usually promoted by the State Industrial Development Corporation or such other government

agency/statutory authority. Generally the projects are planned, approved, developed, managed and

regulated by the government agency. The industrial parks may be promoted and developed under various

government schemes like growth centre, export promotion/processing zone, free trade zones, software

technology parks, electronics hardware technology parks etc.

3.5.2.5.2 Private Industrial Estates/Parks

Promoted by the private sector players, few examples can be cited in India, with little/partial success, that

too primarily restricted to IT/ITES sectors. A few examples are: Information Technology Park in

Bengaluru, Infocity in Hyderabad, Technopark in Thiruvananthapuram, etc. The Mahindra World city in

Chennai was originally envisaged as an automobile park, however, over a period of time the concept

changed to IT and ITES Park. With land acquisitions increasingly becoming trickier, some state

governments are now bringing about policies on promoting small industrial parts (about 20 ha of land)

wherein the government is willing to share cost of infrastructure up to a certain cost.

3.5.2.5.3 Industrial Estates/Parks (Public Private Partnerships)

Promoted jointly by the government and the private sector, wherein the government agency generally tend

to contribute in the form of land and private sector player invests in infrastructure and is also responsible

to get anchor tenant and market, operate and maintain the project. The government as well as the private

sector players get a stake in the equity of a special purpose company set up for developing the parks.

3.5.2.5.4 Cooperative Industrial Estates/Parks

Promoted jointly by the small entrepreneurs through the formation of a cooperative society to provide

themselves with developed industrial plots, factory sheds, basic facilities such as water, drainage, roads, and



electricity, etc. The government may choose to offer assistance by offering land, subsidies or grants for

promoting the same.

Mines is a contentious land use. Mineral deposits are naturally located, they can be extracted only at the

locations where they are found. This results in frequent conflicts with almost all other land uses like forests

and protected areas, waterbodies (due to pollution), agriculture due to impact on soil health, water pollution

and allocation, tourism and other service industries, settlements as they result in their formation and

expansion and at the same time result in pollution.

Generally mining is a specialised activity and mineral resources are limited and require high investments

and require technology that can be acquired by either government or specialised firms. It is for this reason,

that mining is a licenced activity. Mostly the mining licences are issued by a specialised department

(Department of Mines in most states).

However, the construction industry also requires a large amount of natural resources like sand, gypsum,

stones, etc. which are relatively easy to extract and may not need specialised technology or large investments.

Further, the abundant availability of the same means that many firms are undertaking operational mining

activities at a smaller scale. Some states have vested the licencing authority for such low value minerals with

the revenue departments of the state, as is the case with Odisha as well.

The Department of Steel and Mines, however, remains responsible for identifying mineral deposits and

study the commercial viability of extracting the same, and recommend the method/technology for

extraction of the same. The Department of Steel and Mines is required to prepare and submit a mining

operation plan as well as end of live mining closure plan with spatial aspects for approval from Ministry of

Environment, Forest and Climate Change as well as Ministry of Mines at national level.

In view of above, to standardise the mining industry practices, India is accepts the United Nations

Framework Classification on Fossil Energy, Mineral Reserves and Resources 2009. Following section

provide a brief on the same.

3.6.1.1 E-Axis

The degree of favourability of social and economic conditions in establishing commercial viability of the

project including consideration of market prices and relevant legal, regulatory, environmental and

contractual conditions

3.6.1.1.1 Category E1

Extraction and sale has been confirmed to be economically viable - Extraction and sale is economic on the

basis of current market conditions and realistic assumptions of future market conditions. All necessary

approvals/contracts have been confirmed or there are reasonable expectations that all such

approvals/contracts would be obtained within a reasonable timeframe. Economic Viability is not affected

by short term adverse market conditions provided that longer tern forecasts remain positive

Sub-Category E1.1: Extraction and sale is economic on the basis of current market conditions and

realistic assumptions of future market conditions.



Sub-Category E1.2: Extraction and sale is not economic on the basis of current market conditions and

realistic assumptions of future market conditions, but is made viable through government subsidies

and/or other considerations.


Extraction and sale is expected to become economically viable in foreseeable future - Extraction and sale

is not yet confirmed to be economic, but on the basis of realistic assumptions of future market conditions,

there are reasonable prospects for future economic extraction and sale in foreseeable future.


Extraction and sale is not expected to become economically viable in foreseeable future or evaluation is at

too early a stage to determine economic viability - On the basis of realistic assumptions of future market

conditions, it is currently considered that there are not reasonable prospects for economic extraction and

sale in the foreseeable future; or, economic viability of extraction cannot yet be determined due to

insufficient information. Also included are quantities that are forecast to be extracted, but which will not

be available for sale.

Sub-Category E3.1: Quantities that are forecast to be extracted, but which will not be available for sale.

Sub-Category E3.2: Economic viability of extraction cannot yet be determined due to insufficient

information.

Sub-Category E3.3: On the basis of realistic assumptions of future market conditions. it is currently

considered that there are not reasonable prospects for economic extraction and sale in foreseeable

future.

3.6.1.2 F-Axis

Designates maturity of studies and commitments necessary to implement mining plans or development

projects. These extend from early exploration efforts before a deposit or accumulation has been confirmed

to exist through a project that is extracting and selling a commodity and reflect the standard value chain

management principles

3.6.1.2.1 Category F1

Feasibility of extraction by a defined development project or mining operation has been confirmed -

Extraction is currently taking place; or, implementation of development project or mining operation is

underway; or, sufficiently detailed studies have been completed to demonstrate the feasibility of extraction

by implementing a defined development project or mining operation.

Sub-Category F1.1: Extraction is currently taking place.

Sub-Category F1.2: Capital funds have been committed and implementation of development project

or mining operation is underway.

Sub-Category F1.3: Sufficiently detailed studies have been completed to demonstrate the feasibility of

extraction by implementing a defined development project or mining operation.


Feasibility of extraction by a defined development project or mining operation is subject to further

evaluation Preliminary studies demonstrate the existence of a deposit in such a form, quality and quantity

that he feasibility of extraction by a defined (at least in broad terms) development project or mining

operation can be evaluated. Further data acquisition and/or studies may be required to confirm the

feasibility of extraction.



Sub-Category F2.1: Project activities are ongoing to justify development in foreseeable future.

Sub-Category F2.2: Project activities are on hold and/or where justification as a commercial

development may be subject to significant delay.

Sub-Category F2.3: There are no current plans to develop or to acquire additional date at the time due

to limited potential.


Feasibility of extraction by a defined development project or mining operation cannot be evaluated due to

limited technical data - Very preliminary studies, which may be based on a conceptually defined terms of

development project or mining operation, indicate the need for further data acquisition in order to confirm

the existence of a deposit in such form, quality and quantity that the feasibility of extraction can be

evaluated.


No development project or mining operation has been identified - In situ quantities that will not be

extracted by any currently defined development project or mining operations

3.6.1.3 G-Axis

Designates the level of confidence in the geological knowledge and potential recoverability of quantities.

3.6.1.3.1 Category G1

Quantities associated with a known deposit that can be estimated with a high level of confidence - For in

situ quantities, and for recoverable estimates of fossil energy and mineral resources that are extracted as

solids, quantities are typically categorised discretely, where each estimate reflects the level of geological

knowledge and confidence associated with a specific part of the deposit.


Quantities associated with a known deposit that can be estimated with a moderate level of confidence - For

in situ quantities, and for recoverable estimates of fossil energy and mineral resources that are extracted as


know edge and confidence associated with a specific part of the deposit.


Quantities associated with a known deposit that can be estimated with a low level of confidence - For in

situ quantities, and for recoverable estimates of fossil energy and mineral resources that are extracted as


knowledge and confidence associated with a specific part of the deposit.


Estimated quantities associated with a potential deposit, based primarily on indirect evidence - Quantities

that are estimated during the exploration phase are subject to a substantial range of uncertainty as well as a

major risk that no development project or mining operation may subsequently be implemented to extract

the estimated quantities. Where a single estimates is provided, it should be the expected outcome but where

possible a full range of uncertainty in the size of potential deposit should be documented (e.g. in the form

of a probability distribution). In addition, it is recommended that the probability that the potential deposit

would become a deposit of any commercial significance is also documented.



3.6.2.1 Surface Mining

3.6.2.1.1 Strip Mining

The practice of mining a seam of mineral, by first removing a long strip of overlying soil and rock (the

overburden). Commonly used to mine coal and lignite. Practical when ore body to be excavated is relatively

near the surface. This type of mining uses some of the largest machines on earth.

Area stripping (more common method) used on fairly flat terrain

Contour stripping used in hilly terrain, usually follows contour of the land. Commonly leaves behind

terraces in mountainside

3.6.2.1.2 Open Pit Mining

A surface mining technique of extracting rock or minerals from the earth by removal from an open pit or

borrow. Mines that produce building materials and dimension stone are commonly referred to as quarries.

Typically enlarged for extraction until mineral resources are exhausted/or increasing overburden ration

make mining uneconomic. Sometimes exhausted mines are used for landfills. Water control required to

keep mine from becoming lake.

3.6.2.1.3 Mountain Top Removal

A form of coal mining that mines coal seams beneath mountaintops by first removing overlying

mountaintop. Explosives used to break up rock layers above the seam, which are then removed. Excess

mining waste (overburden) is dumped by large trucks into fills in nearby hollow or valley fills. Involves

mass restructuring of earth in order to reach coal seams as deep as 120m. Replaces original steep landscape

with a much flatter topography. Economic development may attempt to reclaim exhausted sites

3.6.2.1.4 Dredging

A method for placer mining below the water table. Mostly associated with gold mining. Small dredges often

use suction to bring the mined material up from the bottom of a water body.

3.6.2.1.5 High wall Mining

An evolved form of auger mining that can produce thousands of tons of coal in contour strip operators -

with narrow benches, previously mined areas, trench line applications etc. Recovery is higher and more

environmentally friendly than that of auguring or other forms of surface mining at a lower cost.

3.6.2.2 Sub-Surface Mining (Hard Rock)

3.6.2.2.1 Cut and Fill

A method of short-hole miring used in steeply dipping or irregular ore zones, in particular where hanging

walls limit use of long-hole methods. The ore is mined in horizontal or slightly inclined slices, and then

filled with waste rock, sand or tailings. Either fill option may be consolidated with concrete, or left

unconsolidated. Cut and fill mining is an expensive but selective method, with low ore loss and dilution

3.6.2.2.2 Drift and Fill

Similar to cut and fill, except it is used in ore zones which are wider than method of drifting will allow to

be mined. First drift is developed in the ore, and is backfilled using consolidated fill, the second drift is

driven adjacent to this drift. This carries on until the ore zone is mined out to its full width, at which time

the second cut is started atop the first cut



3.6.2.2.3 Shrinkage Stoping

A short-hole mining method suitable for steeply dipping orebodies. Similar to cut and fill mining with the

exception that after being blasted, broken ore is left in the stope where it is used to support the surrounding

rock and as a platform from which to work. Only enough ore is removed from the stope to allow for drilling

and blasting the next slice. The stope is emptied when all of the ore has been blasted. Although it is very

selective and allows for low dilution, since most of the ore stays in the stope until mining is completed there

is a delayed return on capital investments

3.6.2.2.4 Room and Pillar Mining

Commonly done in flat or gently dipping bedded ore bodies. Pillars left in place in a regular pattern while

the rooms are mined out. In many room and pillar nines, the pillars are taken out starting at the farthest

point from the stope access, allowing the roof to collapse and fill in the stope. This allows for greater

recover/as less ore is left behind in pillars

3.6.2.2.5 Vertical Retreat Mining/Vertical Crater Retreat Mining

Mines is divided into vertical zones with depth of about 50 meters using open stoping, bottom up mining.

Long large diameter holes are drilled vertically from the top followed by blasting horizontal slices of the

ore body into an undercut Primary stopes are mined in first stage and then backfilled with cemented fill to

provide wall support for blasting of successive stopes. Side chambers are mined in a pre-planned sequence

after the fill has solidified

3.6.2.2.6 Block Caving

Used to mine massive steeply dipping orebodies (typically low grade) with high friability. An undercut with

haulage access is driven under the orebody, with draw bells excavated between top of the haulage level and

bottom of the undercut. The draw bells serve as a place for caving rock to fall into. The orebody is drilled

and blasted above the undercut, and the ore s removed via the haulage access. Due to the friability of the

orebody the ore above the first blast caves and falls into the draw bells. As ore is removed from the draw

bells the orebody caves in, providing a steady stream of ore. If caving stops and removal of ore from the

draw bells continues, a large void may form, resulting in the potential for a sudden and massive collapse

and potentially catastrophic windblast throughout the mine. Where caving does continue, the ground

surface may collapse into a surface depression

3.6.2.3 Sub-Surface Mining (Soft Rock)

3.6.2.3.1 Long Wall Mining

To extract panels - rectangular blocks of coal as wide as the face the equipment is installed in, and as long

as several kilometres. Powerful mechanical coal cutters (shearers) cut coal from the face, which falls onto

an armoured face conveyor for removal. Longwalls car advance into an area of coal, or more commonly,

retreat back between development tunnels. As a longwall miner retreats back along a panel, the roof behind

the supports is allowed to collapse in a planned and controlled manner

3.6.2.3.2 Room and Pillar Mining (Continuous Mining)

Commonly done in flat or gently dipping bedded ores. Pillars are left in place in a regular pattern while

rooms are mined out. In many room and pillar nines, the pillars are taken out, starting at the farthest point

-from the mine haulage exit, retreating, and letting the roof come down upon the floor. Room and pillar

methods are well adapted to mechanisation, and are used in deposits such as coal, potash, phosphate, salt,

oil shale, and bedded uranium ores.



3.6.2.3.3 Blast Mining

An older practice of coal mining that uses explosives such as dynamite to break up the coal seam, after

which the coal is gathered and loaded onto shuttle cars or conveyors for removal to a central loading area.

This process consists of a series of operations that begins with cutting the coalbed so it will break easily

when blasted with explosives.

3.6.2.3.4 Short Wall Mining

Accounts for less than 1 per cent of deep coal production, involves use of a continuous mining machine

with moveable roof supports, similar to longwall. The continuous miner shears coal panels 150-200 feet

wide and more than half a mile long, depending on other things like the strata of the Earth and the

transverse waves.

3.6.2.3.5 Coal Skimming

No longer in general use, because of massive amount of water needed and environmental damage thereof.

Infrastructure is one of the most important factors for development. Though it does find mention in

specific plans in terms of transport network, power plants and transmission lines, industrial infrastructure,

education and health infrastructure, it seldom gets a representation in land use plans at regional level.

Infrastructure is broadly classified in terms of physical infrastructure (roads, railways, airports, power plants

etc.) and social infrastructure (education, health, sports, recreation etc.). It is important to note that social

infrastructure is predominantly a function within settlements, even though it has a hierarchy in regional

terms. Whereas the regional hierarchy of physical infrastructure is visible at regional levels beyond

settlements boundaries. It is with this understanding that this section focuses on infrastructure as a land

use in terms of physical infrastructure, which has a greater potential of influencing development and

direction of growth of settlements and economy. The social infrastructure aspects are captured as part of

the settlements.

For the purpose of this section, the infrastructure has been broadly sub-categorised into seven parts as

described in the sub-sections below.

3.7.1.1 Expressways

Access controlled high speed motor-able corridors/roads.

3.7.1.2 National Highways

High speed motor-able corridors/roads under control of National Government - generally links state

capital cities and other major cities.

3.7.1.3 State Highways

High speed motor-able corridors/roads under control of State Government - Generally links major cities

and district headquarters.

3.7.1.4 Major District Roads

All weather motor-able corridors/roads under control of State Government - Generally links major cities

and district headquarters.



3.7.1.5 Other District Roads

All weather motor-able corridors/roads under control of State Government - Generally links district

headquarters and other urban centres.

3.7.1.6 Urban Roads

All internal roads in a city - may be connected to an expressway, national highway, state highway, major

district road or other district roads.

3.7.1.7 Rural Roads

All internal and access roads to a village - may be connect to a major district road or other district roads.

3.7.1.8 Project Roads

Roads made specifically to connect a major project (for e.g. for forests/tourism/industry etc.).

3.7.1.9 Border Roads

Roads along the border area of India to ensure strategic movement of defence establishments.

3.7.1.10 Bridges

Bridges over waterbodies, railway lines, transmission lines, wetlands etc.

3.7.1.11 Interstate Bus Terminals

Bus parking (origin and destination), workshop, maintenance, depots etc.

3.7.1.12 Interstate Bus Stations

Bus parking (on the way), refuelling, temporary parking, night shelter etc.

3.7.2.1 International Airports

Airports with flights originating and destined to domestic as well as international locations.

3.7.2.2 Domestic Airports

Airports with flights originating and destined to domestic locations only.

3.7.2.3 Civil Enclave Airports

Airports originally a defence establishment, with civil flights being allowed to operate during certain

duration (domestic/international).

3.7.2.4 Airstrip

Airstrip only, no airports/terminal infrastructure present.

3.7.2.5 Cargo Terminals

Airstrip/airport terminals with air cargo facilities.

3.7.3.1 Major Ports

Sea Ports under the control of National Government.



3.7.3.2 Minor Ports

Sea Ports under the control of State Government.

3.7.3.3 Private Ports

Sea Ports under the control of Private Sector.

3.7.3.4 Other Ports

Sea Ports under the control of Private Sector for captive purposes.

3.7.3.5 Jetties

Jetties under the control of Private Sector for captive purposes that are not full-fledged ports.

3.7.3.6 Marinas

Floating Jetties to facilitate passenger cruises/yachts.

3.7.4.1 Port Terminals

River Ports under the control of National/State Government.

3.7.4.2 Private Port Terminals

River Ports under the control of Private Sector.

3.7.5.1 Railway Lines/Network

The rail network of India - public/private/PPP.

3.7.5.2 Dedicated Freight Corridors

Rail Corridors for goods/cargo transport only.

3.7.5.3 Cargo Terminals

Terminals/yards/warehouses for rail based cargo/goods transport.

3.7.5.4 Passenger Stations

Terminals, junctions, stations/maintenance yards for passenger rail services.

3.7.5.5 Bridges

Bridges over waterbodies, roads, transmission lines, wetlands etc.

3.7.5.6 Rail Sidings

Rail lines exiting/entering into main network linking a mine, power plant, logistics facility, industry etc.

3.7.6.1 Multi-Modal Logistics Parks

Logistics facilities catering to multiple modes of transport (road, rail, water, marine, air etc.).



3.7.6.2 Inland Container Depots

Inland zones for container movement with customs facilities (considered equivalent to a port for all export

and import purposes.

3.7.6.3 Container Freight Stations

Inland zones for container consolidation, stuffing and de-stuffing and other movements with or without

customs facilities.

3.7.6.4 Warehouse

Inland zones for temporary storage and consolidation of goods with or without customs facilities.

3.7.6.5 Tank Farms/Terminals

Ware housing for liquid cargo (generally built in the form of tanks) with additional facilities for value

addition like, diluting, mixing etc. connected with transmission lines.

3.7.6.6 Truck Terminals

Inland zones for temporary parking, service, overnight stay etc. for trucks and drivers. May or may not have

warehousing facilities.

3.7.6.7 Granaries

Special warehousing facilities for storing grains, pulses etc.

3.7.6.8 Coal Storage and Handling Terminals

Special warehousing facilities for storing perishable materials like fruits, vegetables etc.

3.7.6.9 Agricultural Markets

Markets for selling agricultural produce, may or may not have cold storage, warehousing and or granaries

facilities.

3.7.6.10 Transmission Lines

Transmission lines for (solids - powder/pellets, liquids or gases) water, petroleum, chemicals,

petrochemical, gases and other products over long distances under gravity or pressure.

3.7.7.1 Power Generators

Power plants may be captive or feeding into a grid

3.7.7.1.1 Solar Power Plants

Solar power generating units, connected to a grid, needs large tracts of land.

3.7.7.1.2 Thermal (Coal) Power Plants

Coal based thermal power generating units, connected to grid, needs large tracts of land, rail siding, storage

facilities and water.

3.7.7.1.3 Thermal (Gas) Power Plants

Gas based thermal power generating units, connected to a grid, needs large tracts of land, rail

siding/transmission line, storage facilities and water.



3.7.7.1.4 Wind Farms

Wind based power generating units, connected to a grid, needs large tracts of land for higher capacities, can

coexist with other land uses.

3.7.7.1.5 Tidal Power Farms

Tidal energy based power generating units, connected to a grid, along coastlines and creeks (tidal).

3.7.7.1.6 Nuclear Power Plants

Nuclear based power generating units, connected to a grid, needs large tracts of land, fuel enrichment &

disposal units and lots of water. Have a lot of security and strategic concerns as well.

3.7.7.2 Power Grid/Sub-stations

Power grids (national/state) along with substations needs a network of transmission lines and are present

in each taluka/tehsil.

3.7.7.3 Power Transmission Lines

Power transmission lines to connect generators and grid as well as consumers needs contiguous long strips

of land with buffer on both sides, may cross roads and other railway lines.

The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (Erstwhile Ministry of Urban Development), under multiple

schemes of development as well as NIUS GIS platform, has recommended multiple land uses based on

scales of planning for urban land use planning purposes.

Traditionally, planning started in settlement areas, when the agrarian settlements started becoming larger

and the broad basing of economy led to urbanisation of settlements. Hence, the definitions of the land uses

within settlements are well accepted. The Urban and Regional Development Plan Formulation and

Implementation Guidelines (URDPFI guidelines) provide for a detailed breakup of land use categories for

urban areas, which is generally acceptable by all states with minor modification on case to case basis.

This section emphasises on the fact that at regional level planning it is highly unlikely that the sub categories

of urban or rural settlements are visible. Nonetheless, they would be important in terms of upward and

downward linkages in terms of master plans and detailed local area plans. Hence, this section details out

the sub-category and attempts to link each smaller land use as a function of larger aspect vis.

Rural Settlement: Simplest form of a settlement with least number of components

Urbanisable Settlements/Settlement Expansion: These settlements reflect rural character with certain

traits of urban settlements. They are more complex than rural settlements but less complex than urban

settlements

Urban Settlement: Most complex form of settlement, any component as reflected in the lower level

hierarchy would be part of this level. All component as mentioned in the urban settlements may not

be part of all urban settlements (smaller towns), however, as the town grows and start getting converted

to important urban centres/cities, the list of components keeps increasing.

Settlements have been broadly categorised in eight components in terms of land uses at plot level.



This can be further understood in terms of following sub-components:

Subcomponents Rural Urbanisable Urban

High Density Residential High Rise Apartment/Flat ■

Medium Density

Residential

Medium Rise Apartment/Flat ■ ■

Low Density Residential Low Rise Apartment/Flat ■ ■

Row House ■ ■

Plotted Development/Bungalow ■ ■ ■

Farmhouse ■ ■ ■

Other Residential EWS Housing ■ ■ ■

Township/Large Gated

Communities

■ ■

Slum and Squatter ■ ■ ■



Mall/Multiplex ■

Shopping Center/Arcade ■ ■

Individual Shop/Market ■ ■

Hotel/Resort/Inn/Lodging ■ ■

Restaurant/Eatery ■ ■ ■

Garden Restaurant/Marriage Hall/Garden ■ ■

Corporate Building ■

Large office Building ■ ■

Small office Building ■ ■ ■

Vehicle Servicing and Garage ■ ■ ■

Tuition/Training Centre ■ ■



Commercial (Ground Floor Only) ■ ■ ■

Commercial (Upto First Floor) ■ ■

Commercial (Upto Second Floor) ■ ■

Commercial (Upto Third Floor) ■

Others ■





Service Industry ■

Light Industry ■ ■ ■

Medium Industry ■ ■

Heavy Industry ■ ■

Hazardous Industry ■ ■

Industrial Logistics ■ ■




River Front ■

Lake Front ■ ■ ■

Beach Front ■ ■ ■

Amusement Park ■ ■

Playground ■ ■ ■

Stadium/Sports Facility ■ ■

Swimming Pool ■

Historical Monument ■ ■ ■

Museum ■

Cinema Hall ■ ■

Concert Hall/Amphitheatre ■

Exhibition Hall/Ground ■ ■

Art Gallery ■

Library ■ ■ ■

Community Hall ■ ■ ■

Food Bazaar/Haat ■ ■ ■


Educational Aanganwadi/Kindergarten ■ ■ ■

Primary School ■ ■ ■

Secondary School ■ ■ ■

Higher Secondary School ■ ■

Madrasa ■ ■ ■

Skill Development Centre ■ ■ ■

Polytechnic ■ ■

College (General Streams) ■ ■



Technical College ■

Medical College ■

University ■ ■

Medical Primary Health Centre ■ ■ ■

Private Clinic ■ ■

Community Health Centre ■ ■

Nursing Home ■ ■

Hospital ■ ■

Medical College ■

Multi-Speciality Hospital ■

Super Speciality Hospital ■

Primary Health Centre ■

Religious Temple ■ ■ ■

Derasar ■ ■ ■

Church ■ ■ ■

Mosque ■ ■ ■

Gurudwara ■ ■ ■

Monastry ■ ■ ■

Ashram ■ ■ ■

Missionary ■ ■ ■

Others ■ ■ ■

Defence/Security Army Cantonment ■ ○

Airforce Cantonment ■ ○

Border Security Force Establishment ■ ○

Other Para Military Establishment ■ ○

Police Headquarter ■

Police Barrack ■ ■

Police Station ■ ■ ■

Others ■ ■ ■

Institutions Central Government Office ○ ■

State Government Office ○ ■

Local Body Office ■ ■ ■

Civic Center ■ ○ ■

Research Institute ■ ■ ■

Bank/ATM/Finance ■ ■ ■

Firefighting Station ■

Fuel Station ■ ■ ■

Others ■ ■ ■

Communications Post Office ■

Telephone Office ■

Telegraph Office ■

Radio/TV Station ■ ■

Others ■ ■






Water and

Sanitation

Utilities

Water Treatment Plant ○ ■

Water Reservoir (OHT/UGT) ○ ○ ■

Public Stand Post ■ ■ ■

Water Harvesting Structure ○ ○ ■

Water ATM/Community RO ○ ○ ■

Public Toilet/Convenience ■ ■ ■

Sewage Treatment Pant ○ ○ ■

Solid Waste

Management

Utilities

Waste Management Bin ■ ■ ■

Waste Transfer Station ■ ■ ■

Waste Processing Unit ○ ■ ■

Landfill/Waste Dumping Ground ○ ○ ■

Electric

Utilities

Power Generation Plant/Unit ○ ○ ○

Electric Sub-Station ○ ■ ■

Electric Tower ■ ■ ■

Transformer ■ ■ ■

Others ■ ■ ■

Transportation Bus Station/Stand/Stop ○ ■ ■

City Bus Terminal ■

City Bus Depot/Workshop ○

Intercity Bus Terminal/Depot ○ ○

Metro/Rapid Transit Station ○ ○

Railway Station ○ ○ ■

Railway Workshop ○

Airport/Airstrip/Heliport ○ ○ ○

Intermediate Public Transport Parking ○ ■ ■

Private Vehicle Parking ○ ■ ■

Cycle Stand/Hike a Ride ○ ■ ■

Others ○ ■ ■


Ecosystem Service

Areas

Forest/Tree Cover ■ ○ ■

Water Body ■ ■ ■

Park and Garden ○ ○ ■

Pastures/Grazing (Grassland) ■ ○ ○

Disaster Buffer Zone ■ ○ ■

Others Waste Land ■ ○ ○

Agricultural Land ■ ■ ○



Availability of a reliable database on the wastelands of the country is pre-requisite before embarking upon

planning strategies for their development. Information on the extent, nature and location wastelands helps

in designing interventions targeted at the resource-poor sections of the rural population. Department of

Land Resources (DoLR), Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) has undertaken a study jointly with

National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), a part of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for carrying

out the mapping of wastelands in entire country in phases, using remote sensing technology.

The results of study were published in ‘Wastelands Atlas of India 2010’. As per this study, the spatial extent

of wastelands was estimated at 47.22 million hectares, constituting 14.91 per cent of total geographic area

of the country. Classification system of 23 categories of wastelands and three-season satellite data was

adopted in the Wasteland Atlas 2010.

It is important to note that the categories as mentioned in this report can be easily categories into rest of

the land uses as mentioned above. It is envisaged that once the planning of wastelands is undertaken, the

entire areas categorised as wasteland as on date in the country would be allocated to a more relevant

categorisation of land use.

The following sections provide for the sub-categories of wasteland as mentioned in the Wasteland Atlas of

India 2010.

Ravines are an extensive system of gullies (perceptible channels formed due to surface run-off causing

undulating terrains) developed along river courses and are commonly found in sloping lands.

3.9.1.1 Gullied and/or Ravine Land (Medium;

They have a depth ranging from 2.5m to 5m.

3.9.1.2 Gullied and/or Ravine Land (Deep)

They have a depth of more than 5m.

Possess shallow and skeletal soils, at times chemically degraded, extremes of slopes, severely eroded and

lands subjected to excessive aridity with scrubs dominating the landscape. Tendency for intermixing with

cropped areas.

3.9.2.1 Land with Dense Scrub

Vegetal cover is often more than 15 per cent. Associated with moderate slopes in plains and foothills and

are generally surrounded by agricultural lands.

3.9.2.2 Land with Open Scrub

Sparse Vegetation cover - generally less than 15 per cent/devoid of scrub. Generally prone to deterioration

due to erosion and has thin soil cover. Associated with moderate slopes in plains and foothills, generally

surrounded by agricultural lands

Mining Land ○ ■ ■

Vacant Plot/Layout ○ ■ ■



Waterlogged land is that land where the water is at/or near the surface and water stands for most of the

year. Marsh is a land, which is permanently or periodically inundated by water and is characterised by

vegetation, which includes water and reeds.

3.9.3.1 Waterlogged and Marshy Land (Permanent)

The duration of water logging is for at least 6 months or more in a year.

3.9.3.2 Waterlogged and Marshy Land (Seasonal)

The duration of water logging is less than 6 months in a year.

They have adverse effect on the growth of most plants due to action or presence of excess soluble salts

(saline) or high exchangeable sodium.

3.9.4.1 Land Affected by Salinity/Alkalinity (Strong)

These patches appear bright white in colour. These lands do not support any kind of vegetation during any

season. Chemically, their Electrical Conductivity (EC) levels (dS/m) are more than 30, pH more than 9.8

and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) is more than 40.

3.9.4.2 Land Affected by Salinity/Alkalinity (Moderate)

These patches appear dull white to light red in tone and are often associated with some scrub vegetation or

salt resistant crop during kharif season. Chemically, their Electrical Conductivity (EC) levels (dS/m) are

between 8 and 30, pH between 9 and 9.8 and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) is between 15 and

40.

Growing crops on forested/vegetated h and burn' method. Commonly observed practice in the North-

Eastern states, parts of Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and the tribal areas of Chhattisgarh. Small, scattered

patches, irregular in shape, non-contiguous and dispersed and located on hill slopes. Associated with

mountainous/hilly areas midst forest cover and forest cleared areas.

3.9.5.1 Shifting Cultivation (Current Jhum)

Currently used for cultivation and are clearly perceptible on the current season satellite image that are in

pre-burnt /post-burnt condition.

3.9.5.2 Shifting Cultivation (Abandoned Jhum)

Areas that were under shifting cultivation, left idle for more than one year but less than 5 years thereby

giving a scope for regeneration of secondary vegetation, especially bamboo or grasses. Has a tendency to

get mixed with forested areas.

3.9.6.1 Underutilised/Degraded Forest (Scrub dominated)

Lands within Notified Forest boundaries, with various types of forest cover, in which vegetative cover is

less than 20 per cent are classified as degraded/underutilised. These lands are generally confined to the

fringe areas



3.9.6.2 Underutilised/Degraded Forest (Agriculture)

Areas within Notified Forest boundaries, where regular agricultural activities are practiced with Kharif, Rabi

or Zaid seasonal crops.

3.9.6.3 Degraded Pastures/Grazing Land

Areas in non-forest areas, (permanent pastures or meadows), which have become degraded due to lack of

proper soil conservation and drainage measures. They are small in size, irregular in shape, scattered and

associated with village fringes and flood plains.

3.9.6.4 Degraded Land under Plantation Crops

Degraded areas that sustain the growth of plantation crops located outside -the notified forest areas. These

are small in shape exhibiting a regular pattern and are scattered.

Areas with stabilised accumulation of sand, vary in size, with regular to irregular shapes with contiguous to

linear pattern.

3.9.7.1 Sands (Coastal)

Accumulated as a strip along the seacoast.

3.9.7.2 Sands (Riverine)

Accumulations outside the river banks, usually in active flood plains as sheets, which are the resultant

phenomena of river flooding. These are generally covered by either scrub or crops.

3.9.7.3 Sands (Dessertic)

Confined to arid environment where rainfall is scanty. These lands are characterised by accumulation of

sand developed in situ or transported by Aeolian processes.

3.9.7.4 Sands (Semi Stabilised)

Dessertic sandy areas with stabilised to semi-stabilised dunes which are 15 - 40m high with presence of

hardy and sparse vegetation.

3.9.7.5 Sands (Stabilised)

Active sand dune areas with semi-stabilised to shifting sand dunes which are more than 40m high. Their

shapes and sises vary, depending upon prevailing wind conditions. These areas rarely support any

vegetation.

Areas where large-scale mining operations bring about the degradation of land and resultant mine dumps

and industrial wastelands, degraded due to large scale industrial effluent discharges. They are small to

medium in size, depending on the extent of mining area, irregular in shape, located at or near active mining

areas and industrial complexes. Generally associated with transportation lines especially railways and roads.

It includes surface rocks, stone quarries, sand and gravel pits, brick kilns, etc.

3.9.8.1 Industrial Waste Land

Stockpiles of storage dump of industrial raw materials or slag/effluents or waste material or quarried/mixed

debris from earth's surface, generally found near urban areas and industrial areas.



3.9.8.2 Mining Waste Land

Areas where waste debris is accumulated after extraction of required mineral. Generally confined to

surroundings of mining area.

3.9.9.1 Barren/Rocky/Stony Waste

Rock exposures of varying lithology often barren and devoid of soil and vegetation cover. Occur amidst

hill-forests as openings or isolated exposures on plateau and plains. Located in steep isolated hillocks/hill

slopes, crests, plateau and eroded plains associated with barren and exposed rocky/stony wastes, lateritic

out-crops, mining and quarrying sites

Areas under snow cover confined to the Himalayan region. They possess irregular shape with a contiguous

pattern, located in mountain peaks and slopes and high relief areas.



Various ministries and departments at the National as well as the State Government maintain information

on existing land use statistics for their own planning purposes. It is important to understand how these

statistics look together at various levels of governance. Such a collation of land use statistics and

envisaged/proposed plans is expected to give an interesting insight into the land use scenario for the state

as well as the challenges ahead.

Currently, it is difficult to collate all the information as maintained by different departments into a single

unified structure. As we have seen, different departments have different definitions of land uses suitable

for focused and sectoral planning. Hence, this section does not attempt to converge the land use statistics

as maintained by different departments.

Availability of timely and reliable statistics of land utilisation plays an important role in policy formulation.

The Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DES), an attached office of the Department of Agriculture,

Cooperation & Farmers Welfare (DAC&FW), is entrusted with the task of collecting and disseminating

land use statistics by district and state. The DES receives land use statistics by state and district in three

different parts, vis. classification of land, area under irrigation (by source and crop) and area under crops in

the prescribed format from State Agricultural Statistics Authorities (SASA). The SASAs comprises the

following bodies designated to collect land use statistics in each state and union territory in the country:

Directorate of Economics & Statistics/Bureau of Statistics/Planning (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar,

Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha,

Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli,

Daman & Diu and Puducherry (19);

Office of the Land Record & Revenues (Chhattisgarh, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,

Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh (7); and

Directorate of Agriculture (Arunachal Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura,

West Bengal, Delhi, Lakshadvveep 10).

Land use statistics is presently available as per the nine-fold classification of land use, which includes

Forest area

Area under non-agricultural use

Barren and un-culturable land

Permanent pasture and other grazing land

Land under miscellaneous tree crops, etc.

Culturable waste land

Fallow lands other than current fallows

Current fallows

Net area sown

Agricultural land consists of net area sown, current fallows, fallow lands other than current fallows, land

under miscellaneous tree crops and culturable waste land. Non-agricultural land includes forest area, area

under non-agricultural use, barren and unculturable land and permanent pasture and other grazing land.



As per the nine fold classification of land use as maintained by the Ministry of Agriculture in India Odisha

had the following land use classification:

Table 2: Land Use of Odisha

All Figures are in Thousand Hectares

Land Use Area (in thousand ha) Percentage

Total geographical area 15571 NA

Reporting area for land utilisation 15571 100.00

Forests 5813 37.33

Not available for cultivation 2138 13.73

Permanent pastures and other grazing lands 494 3.17

Land under misc. tree crops and groves 342 2.20

Culturable wasteland 375 2.41

Fallow lands other than current fallows 229 1.47

Current fallows 576 3.70

Net area sown 5604 35.99

This data was published on the Government of India Data Portal on February 13, 2014 and can be accessed

at https://data.gov.in/catalog/land-use-pattern.

According to the Chapter 8 - Agriculture in Statistical Year Book of India 2017, the trend in land use pattern

from 2003 to 2014 is mentioned in the table below:

https://data.gov.in/catalog/land-use-pattern



Table 3: Trend in Land Use Pattern of Odisha (2003 – 2014)

All figures are in Thousand Hectares

Sr. No. Particular/Year 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14

1 Total Geographical Area 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00

2 Reporting Area for Land Utilisation

Pattern (3+4+5+6+7) 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15571.00 15535.55 15471.55 15367.49 15501.70 15466.62

3 Forests 5813.00 5813.00 5813.00 5813.00 5813.00 5813.00 5813.55 5813.55 5813.55 5813.55 5813.55

4 Not available for cultivation 1842.00 1842.00 1842.00 2138.00 2138.00 2138.00 2306.00 2279.00 2297.00 2409.00 2332.00

4 (a) Area under non-agricultural uses 999.00 999.00 999.00 1298.00 1298.00 1298.00 1230.00 1247.00 1234.00 1305.00 1280.00

4 (b) Barren & unculturable land 843.00 843.00 843.00 840.00 840.00 840.00 1076.00 1032.00 1063.00 1104.00 1052.00

5 Other uncultivated land excluding

Fallow Land 1317.00 1317.00 1317.00 1211.00 1211.00 1211.00 1223.00 1253.00 1244.00 1285.00 1315.00

5 (a) Permanent pastures & other grazing

lands 443.00 443.00 443.00 494.00 494.00 494.00 518.00 513.00 508.00 536.00 524.00

5 (b)

Land under misc. tree crops &

groves (not included in net area

sown)

482.00 482.00 482.00 342.00 342.00 342.00 218.00 220.00 200.00 198.00 216.00

5 (c) Culturable waste land 392.00 392.00 392.00 375.00 375.00 375.00 487.00 520.00 536.00 551.00 575.00

6 Fallow Lands 804.00 860.00 908.00 755.00 785.00 805.00 1432.00 1444.00 1619.00 1608.00 1511.00

6 (a) Fallow lands other than current

fallows 370.00 434.00 434.00 229.00 229.00 229.00 573.00 567.00 622.00 659.00 634.00

6 (b) Current fallows 426.00 426.00 474.00 526.00 556.00 576.00 859.00 877.00 997.00 949.00 877.00

7 Net area Sown 5795.00 5739.00 5691.00 5654.00 5624.00 5604.00 4761.00 4682.00 4393.95 4386.15 4495.07

8 Total Cropped Area 8636.59 8717.92 8928.39 8960.34 9015.82 9070.62 5510.04 5428.78 4964.48 5068.59 5167.66

9 Area sown more than once (8 – 7) 2841.59 2978.92 3237.39 3306.34 3391.82 3466.62 749.04 746.78 570.53 682.44 672.59



Table 3: Trend in Land Use Pattern of Odisha (2003 – 2014)


Sr. No. Particular/Year 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14

10

Agri. Land/Cultivable

land/Culturable land/Arable land

(5b+5c+6+7)

7473.00 7473.00 7473.00 7126.00 7126.00 7126.00 6898.00 6866.00 6748.95 6743.15 6797.07

11 Cultivated land (6b+7) 6165.00 6165.00 6165.00 6180.00 6180.00 6180.00 5620.00 5559.00 5390.95 5335.15 5372.07

12 Un-cultivable land (2 – 10) 8098.00 8098.00 8098.00 8445.00 8445.00 8445.00 8637.55 8605.55 8618.55 8758.55 8669.55

13 Un-cultivated land (2 – 11) 9406.00 9406.00 9406.00 9391.00 9391.00 9391.00 9915.55 9912.55 9976.55 10166.55 10094.55

Source: Chapter 8 - Agriculture in Statistical Year Book of India 2017 (http://mospi.nic.in/statistical-year-book-india/2017/177)

http://mospi.nic.in/statistical-year-book-india/2017/177



The cropping pattern for principal crops in Odisha is provided in the table below.

Table 4: Trend in Cropping Pattern of Odisha (2009 – 2016)


Particular/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16

Food Grains 5406.10 5319.00 4922.00 5030.80 5143.29 5165.95 5375.21

Cereals 4538.90 4440.00 4193.00 4203.60 4362.46 4339.63 4078.62

Rice 4365.10 4226.00 4005.00 4022.83 4180.21 4166.26 3943.10

Jowar 9.00 9.00 9.00 7.84 7.46 6.69 6.21

Bajra 2.80 3.00 3.00 2.84 3.03 2.35 2.11

Maize 81.20 117.00 103.00 94.48 95.13 91.67 55.57

Ragi 59.00 66.00 55.00 57.17 56.63 51.48 45.80

Small Millets 17.80 16.00 17.00 17.38 19.32 20.78 25.35

Wheat 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.04 0.68 0.40 0.48

Barley - - - - - - -

Pulses 867.20 879.00 729.00 827.24 780.83 826.32 1294.63

Gram 45.00 42.00 39.00 41.23 47.15 47.25 39.18

Tur 132.90 135.00 142.00 140.87 138.88 137.87 138.29

Urad - - - - 84.81 81.76 437.00

Moong - - - - 251.99 295.40 284.76

Other Pulses 689.30 702.00 548.00 645.14 258.00 264.04 395.40

Oilseeds 292.20 290.00 251.00 243.29 223.38 212.02 178.29

Groundnut 76.30 73.00 66.00 66.35 59.89 48.84 50.81

Seasame 45.50 52.00 27.00 21.72 23.54 25.86 19.45

Rapeseed and Mustard 12.80 16.00 10.00 14.63 13.44 10.12 7.31

Linseed 26.40 21.00 25.00 24.53 22.92 24.01 9.92

Castor Seed 15.90 15.00 13.00 12.54 12.73 10.93 10.45

Soyabean - - - - 0.26 1.06 -

Nigerseed - - - - 64.84 68.90 63.93

Safflower - - - - 0.61 - 0.39

Sunflower - - - - 0.88 0.61 16.03

Cotton 54.00 74.00 102.00 119.00 124.00 127 125

Jute 2.90 2.90 4.00 1.80 1.97 1.06 1.20

Mesta 17.30 16.00 14.00 13.70 12.73 11.78 8.69

Tea - - - - - - -

Coffee - - - 3.50 4.00 4.00 4.00

Natural Rubber (Tapped

area) 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.80 1.10 1.80 -

Banana - 27.00 28.00 27.49 25.06 - -

Sugarcane 8.00 13.00 15.00 14.53 14.21 10.05 8.96

Tobacco - 2.00 2.00 2.00 - - -



Table 4: Trend in Cropping Pattern of Odisha (2009 – 2016)


Particular/Year 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16

Potato - 14.00 15.00 14.14 14.99 - -

Black Pepper - - - - - - -

Chillies 76.00 76.00 75.60 75.60 75.00 - -

Ginger 17.00 17.00 15.84 15.84 15.84 - -

Coconut 51.00 51.00 54.00 54.29 50.78 - -

Turmeric 25.00 27.00 2.48 2.48 2.48 - -

Source: Chapter 8 - Agriculture in Statistical Year Book of India 2017 (http://mospi.nic.in/statistical-year-book-

india/2017/177)

According to the Pocket Book of Agriculture Statistics, 2016 published by Ministry of Agriculture and

Farmer’s Welfare, Government of India, as on December 25, 2016 the total land area covered under micro-

irrigation in Odisha is 104837.9 ha. Of this total area, 19380.9 ha is under drip irrigation whereas 85457.0

ha of area is under sprinkler type of irrigation.

According to the 19th Livestock Census of 2012 – All India Report, conducted by Department of Animal

Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, the total livestock

population in Odisha decreased from 23.05 million in 2007 to 20.73 million (excluding 1.13 million stray

cattle) in 2012. Among the total livestock, about 56.05 per cent are cattle, 31.41 per cent are goats, 7.63 per

cent are sheep, 3.50 per cent are buffalo and 1.35 per cent are pig besides marginal contribution is attributed

by other livestock species such as camel, mules, donkeys, horses and ponies.

Table 5: Livestock in Odisha

In thousands

Category 2003 2007 2012 % Change from 2007 to 2012

Total Livestock 23391 23057 20732 -10.08

Cattle 13903 12310 11621 -5.59

Exotic/Crossbred 1063 1703 1306 -23.34

Male 328 877 320 -63.56

Female 735 826 986 19.39

Indigenous 12840 10607 10316 -2.75

Male 6838 5579 5503 -1.37

Female 6002 5027 4813 -4.27

Buffalo 1394 1190 726 -38.95

Male 753 601 335 -44.24

Female 641 589 391 -33.55

Bovine 15297 13500 12348 -8.53

Male 7918 7058 6158 -12.75

Female 7378 6442 6190 -3.91





Table 5: Livestock in Odisha

In thousands

Category 2003 2007 2012 % Change from 2007 to 2012

Sheep 1620 1818 1581 -13.04

Exotic/Crossbred 12 104 11 -89.80

Male 5 86 4.94 -94.25

Female 7 18 5.67 -68.53

Indigenous 1608 1818 1571 -13.62

Male 699 901 541 -39.91

Female 909 917 1029 12.19

Goat 5803 7127 6513 -8.61

Male 1937 3185 2302 -27.74

Female 3866 3942 4211 6.84

Horses & Ponies 0 0.20 3.40 1581.68

Male 0 0.16 1.96 1092.68

Female 0 0.04 1.44 3692.11

Mules 0 0.14 5.63 3895.04

Donkey 9 0.41 0.52 27.56

Male 1 0.25 0.28 15.51

Female 8 0.17 0.24 45.45

Camels 0.00 0.00 0.84 171.43

Male 0.00 0.00 0.02 -

Female 0.00 0.00 0.82 -

Pigs 662 612 280 -54.17

Exotic/Crossbred 96 0 4.26 -

Male 35 0 2.27 -

Female 61 0 1.99 -

Indigenous 566 612 276 -54.86

Male 250 294 119 -59.43

Female 316 318 157 -50.65

Dogs 1086 1144 220 -80.74

Male 615 724 165 -77.21

Female 470 421 55 -86.82

Rabbit 4 5.66 2.50 -55.83

Male 2 2.73 1.28 -53.04

Female 2 2.93 1.22 -58.44

Elephants - 0.03 0.22 696.30

Male - 0.01 0.11 850.00

Female - 0.02 0.10 573.33

POULTRY 17611 20600 19891 -3.44

Fowls 16886 19489 19423 -0.34

Ducks 610 594 366 -38.30

Turkeys & Other Poultry 114 518 101 -80.49

Source: 19th Livestock Census of 2012 – All India Report



According to the land use statistics as maintained by the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, for

2013-14 the total area under forests in the state of Odisha is 5814 thousand hectare amounting to about

37.58 per cent of the total reporting area for land utilisation of Odisha.

However, The India State of Forest Report 2017 (released recently) indicates otherwise. According to the

India State of Forest Report (2017), based on interpretation of satellite imagery data pertaining to October

– December 2015, forest cover in the state of Odisha is 51,345 sq.km. amounting to about 32.98 per cent

of the State's geographical area. In terms of forest canopy density classes, the state has 6,967 sq.km. under

very dense forest, 21,370 sq.km. under moderately dense forest and 23,008 sq.km. under open forest.

Figure 3: Forest Cover of Odisha

Source: India State of Forest Report 2017

The recorded forest area of the state is 61,204.17 sq km which is 39.31 per cent of the State's geographic

area. The Reserved, Protected and Unclassed Forests are 58.90 per cent, 40.75 per cent and 0.35 per cent

respectively of the recorded forest area. However, as the digitised boundary of recorded forest area from

the State covers 44,603 sq km, the analysis of forest cover within and outside this area is depicted below:

Table 6: Forest Cover Within and Outside Recorded Forest Area

Area in Sq. Km.

Forest Cover within Recorded Forest Area

Very Dense Forest (VDF) 6,082



Table 6: Forest Cover Within and Outside Recorded Forest Area

Area in Sq. Km.

Forest Cover within Recorded Forest Area

Moderately Dense Forest (MDF) 15,603

Open Forest (OF) 12,431

Total 34,116

Forest Cover outside Recorded Forest Area

Very Dense Forest 885

Moderately Dense Forest 5,767

Open Forest 10,577

Total 17,229

Total Forest Cover 51,345

Tree Cover 3,993

Total Forest & Tree Cover 55,338

Of State's Geographical Area 35.54%

Of India's Forest & Tree Cover 6.90%

Per capita Forest & Tree Cover 0.13 ha


Table 7: Forest Cover in Different Patch Size Classes

Sr. No. Patch Size Range in sq. km. No. of Patches Area (Sq. Km.) Percentage

1 ≥ 0.01 ≤ 1.0 37,175 1,338 2.61

2 >1.0 ≤ 10 1,344 3,690 7.19

3 >10 ≤ 100 174 5,158 10.05

4 >100 ≤ 500 22 4,511 8.79

5 > 500 ≤ 1000 6 4,461 8.69

6 >1000 ≤ 5000 5 14,580 28.40

7 >5000 ≤ 10000 1 5,480 10.67

8 >10000 1 12,127 23.60

Total 38,728 51,345 100


A net increase of 885 sq. km. in the forest cover of the State can be attributed to plantations and

conservation efforts within Recorded forest areas. The negative change observed in some areas is mainly

due to developmental activities. Furthermore, an increase of 57 sq. km. has been observed in the water

body coverage within Forest compared to 2005.



The State of Odisha has two National Parks and 18 Wild Life Sanctuaries covering a total area of

7959.85sq.km. There are no conservation or community reserves demarcated in the state of Odisha. A list

of the protected area network, their year of notification and the total area covered by them is mentioned in

the table below.

Table 8: Protected Area Network in Odisha

Sr.

No. Name of the PA Year of Notification

Total Area

(sq. km.)

A National Parks 990.70

1 Bhitarkanika NP 1988 145.00

2 Simlipal NP 1980 845.70

B Wildlife Sanctuary 3521.95

1 Badrama WLS 1987 304.03

2 Baisipalli WLS 1981 168.35

3 Balukhand Konark WLS 1984 71.72

4 Bhitarkanika WLS 1975 525.00

5 Chandaka Dampara WLS 1982 175.79

6 Chilika (Nalaban) WLS 1987 15.53

7 Debrigarh WLS 1985 346.91

8 Gahirmatha (Marine) WLS 1997 1,435.00

9 Hadgarh WLS 1980 191.06

10 Karlapat WLS 1982 147.66

11 Khalasuni WLS 1982 116.00

12 Kotagarh WLS 1981 399.50

13 Kuldiha WLS 1984 272.75

14 Lakhari Valley WLS 1985 185.87

15 Nandankanan WLS 1979 14.16

16 Satkosia Gorge WLS 1976 745.52

17 Simlipal WLS 1979 1,354.30

18 Sunabeda WLS 1988 500.00

Source: Protected Area Networks of India, ENVIS Centre on Wildlife & Protected Areas

There are two tiger reserves in Odisha

Satkosia Tiger Reserve created in 2007 with 523.61 sq.km. of core/critical tiger habitat area and has a

440.26 sq.km. of buffer area amounting to a total of 963.87 sq.km.



Similipal created in 1973 with 1194.75 sq.km. of core/critical tiger habitat area and 1555.25 sq.km. of

buffer area amounting to a total of 2750 sq.km.

The Eastern India Elephant Range is spread over the four states of Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha and

West Bengal. There are three elephant reserves that encompass areas of Odisha. These are:

Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve notified on September 29, 2001 spread over an area of 3214 sq.km.

of which 1309 sq.km. is part of a protected area.

Marahanadi Elephant Reserve notified on July 20, 2002, spread over an area of 566 sq.km. of which

964 sq.km. is part of a protected area.

Sambalpur Elephant Reserve notified on March 27, 2002 spread over an area of 1457 sq.km. of

which 427 sq.km. is part of a protected area.

Further, the Government of India has approved two more elephant reserves, which are yet to be notified

by the state. These are:

Baitami Elephant Reserve spread over an area of 1755 sq.km.

South Orissa Elephant Reserve spread over an area of 4216 sq.km. of which 750 sq.km. is part of a

protected area.

According to Inskipp 2014, it is reported that there are more than 524 species of birds in Odisha. 12 out of

54 vulnerable species listed for India by IUCN (2014) are found in Odisha. Six of the 73 near threatened

bird species are found in Odisha. For 19 species, the IBAs and protected areas of Odisha are highly

important for survival. There are eight Important Birding Areas in Odisha.

Table 9: Important Bird Areas in Odisha

Sr.

No. IBA Site Names District Area (ha) Ownership Protection Status

1 Bhitarkanika Wildlife

Sanctuary and National Park Kendrapara 81,700 State

Wildlife Sanctuary (established

in April 1975) and National

Park (established in September

1998)

2 Chandaka – Dampara Wildlife

Sanctuary Khurda, Cuttack 17,595 State

Wildlife Sanctuary (established

in December 1982)

3 Nalabana Wildlife Sanctuary

(Chilika Lake)

Khurda, Puri,

Ganjam

1,553

(Nalabana)

and

116,500 ha

(Chilika)

State Wildlife Sanctuary at Nalabana

(established in December 1987)

4 Mangalajodi Khurda 7,038

Revenue Land and

some parts owned

by local people and

community

Not Officially Protected,

However, since last several

years, the local community

supported by



Table 9: Important Bird Areas in Odisha

Sr.

No. IBA Site Names District Area (ha) Ownership Protection Status

Forest Department, Chilika

Development Authority and

many civil society organisations

have been actively engaged

in bird and habitat

conservation. There are some

efforts on to declare it a

Community Conservation

Reserve.

5 Satkosia Gorge Tiger Reserve Dhenkanal, Cuttack,

Puri, Phulbani 74,552 State

Tiger Reserve (established on

December 31, 2007)

6 Simplipal National Park and

Tiger Reserve Mayurbhanj 84,570 State

Simlipal is part of the

UNESCO World Network of

Biosphere Reserve since 2009.

National Park (Established in

1980) and Tiger reserve

(established in 1973)

7 Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary Nuapada 50,000 State Wildlife Sanctuary (established

in July 1988)

8 Hirakund Reservoir and

Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary

Bargarh, Jharsuguda,

Sambalpur

74,600

(manmade

reservoir)

State

Not Officially Protected.

Reservoir included in Hirakund

Wildlife Range of Hirakund

Wildlife Division

Source: Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas in India – Odisha, Priority sites for conservation, Revised and Updated Second Edition Volume

II. Bird Life International and Bombay Natural History Society.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7llECrdHHq7bEZoNnpKLXllbjA/view

The National Wetland Atlas: Odisha jointly prepared by Space Application Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad

and Odisha Space Application Centre, Bhubaneshwar (September 2010) estimates that the Odisha has

about 12266 wetlands. The total wetland area is estimated to be 690904 ha.

It is further estimated that there are 3111 inland natural wetlands and 7871 inland man-made wetlands

accounting for approximately 34.57 per cent and 31.87 per cent of the total area under wetlands respectively.

Whereas 560 coastal natural wetlands account for about 20.84 per cent and 724 coastal man-made wetlands

account for about 3.14 per cent of total area under wetlands. In addition to these, it is estimated that there

are about 66174 small wetlands (< 2.25 ha) accounting for the balance 9.58 per cent of the total area under

wetlands.



The table below provides an overview of the wetlands in Odisha.

Table 10: Wetlands in Odisha

Sr.

No. Wetland Category

Number of

wetlands

Total

wetland area

(ha)

%of wetland

area

Open Post-

monsoon area

(ha)

Water Pre-

monsoon area

(ha)

1 Inland Wetlands - Natural

1.1 Lakes/Ponds 4 712 0.10 344 225

1.2 Ox-bow lakes/Cut-off meanders 79 728 0.11 539 558

1.3 High altitude wetlands - - - - -

1.4 Riverine wetlands 133 980 0-14 739 705

1.5 Waterlogged 1158 12925 1.87 4487 4325

1.6 River/Stream 1737 223522 32.35 222592 212960

2 Inland Wetlands -Man-made

2.1 Reservoirs/Barrages 1379 189972 27.50 180240 109975

2.2 Tanks/Ponds 6441 29301 4.24 16293 15829

2.3 Waterlogged 51 934 0.14 672 672

2.4 Saltpans - - - - -

3 Coastal Wetlands - Natural

3.1 Lagoons 7 89023 12.89 60699 52384

3.2 Creeks - - - - -

3.3 Sand/Beach 72 6046 0.88 - -

3.4 Intertidal mud flats 318 25514 3.69 - -

3.5 Salt Marsh - - - - -

3.6 Mangroves 163 23395 3.39 - -

3.7 Coral Reefs - - - - -

4 Coastal Wetlands - Man-made

4.1 Saltpans 2 1726 0.25 1726 1726

4.2 Aquaculture ponds 722 19952 2.89 19951 19951

5 Wetlands (<2.25 ha) 66174 66174 9.58 - -

6 Total 78440 690904 100.00 508282 419310

Source: The National Wetland Atlas: Odisha, jointly prepared by Space Application Centre (ISRO), Ahmedabad and Odisha Space

Application Centre, Bhubaneshwar (September 2010)

Odisha depends largely upon southwest monsoon for its water resources. About 78 per cent of total annual

rainfall occurs during the four months from June to September and the balance 22 per cent in the remaining

period from October to May. Odisha witnesses substantial spatial variation in rainfall i.e. from about 1200

mm in southern coastal plain to about 1700 mm in northern plateau. The long-term average annual rainfall

in the state is 1452 mm, which corresponds to an annual precipitation of about 230.76 billion cubic metres



(BCM) of water. Of the total precipitation, a part is lost by evaporation & transpiration, a part goes towards

increasing ground water storage and the remaining appears as surface runoff. The groundwater reserve and

surface runoff constitute the water resources of the state.

11

Odisha is endowed with an extensive network of rivers and streams. The average annual availability of

surface water from its own drainage boundary is estimated as 82.841 BCM of which 65.679 BCM of water

can be utilised after considering the topography and geological limitations. Further an inflow of 37.556

BCM is also available annually from neighbouring states through interstate rivers, of which, the utilisable

surface water resources is estimated as 29.861 BCM. As assessment of water availability by the year 2051,

as conducted by the department of water resources reveals that the surface water availability from its own

drainage boundary remains more or less same, but the inflow of surface water from neighbouring states

will be reduced from 37.556 BCM to 25.272 BCM.

There are 11 major river basins in the State, with three of them having outside state flow of water. Together,

the river basins account for about 2385 completed reservoir projects accounting for a total capacity of 17.24

BCM. The storage reservoirs are further classified as seven major reservoirs (14.86 BCM), 38 medium

reservoirs (1.53 BCM) and 2340 minor reservoirs (0.85 BCM). There are four major reservoirs (1.36 BCM)

and nine medium reservoirs (0.41 BCM) under construction amounting to a total of thirteen projects (under

construction) accounting for an addition of 1.77 BCM in the states storage capacity.

There are eleven major rivers flowing in Odisha, of which Mahandi is the longest and Bahuda is the shortest.

The river systems and the drainage areas are mentioned in the table below:

Table 11: Odisha River Systems and Drainage Area

Basin

Catchment Area

Total Area (sq.km.)

Area Within Odisha (sq.km.)

Percentage of Total Geographical Area

Mahanadi 141134 65628 42.15%

Brahmani 39116 22516 14.46%

Baitarani 14218 13482 8.66%

Budhabalanga & Jambhira 6691 6354 4.08%

Subemarekha 19277 2983 1.92%

Rushikulya 8963 8963 5.76%

Indravati 41700 7400 4.75%

Kolab 20427 10300 6.61%

Vamsadhara 11377 8960 5.75%

Nagabali 9275 4500 2.89%

Bahuda 1118 890 0.57%

Area draining directly to sea 3731 2.40%

Total 313296 155707 100.00%

Source: Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha

11 Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha



Figure 4: River Basins of Odisha


The rivers of Odisha are mainly rain-fed. Brief details of the rivers are given below

4.6.2.1 Mahandi

It originates in Amarkantak hills of Bastar Plateau near Pharasiya village in Raipur district of Chhatisgarh.

The river traverses a total distance of 851 km (in Odisha - 494 km.) and falls into the Bay of Bengal. The

important tributaries of Mahandi inside Odisha are lb, Ong, Tel, Jira, Bagh, Salki, Kuanria, Hariharjore,

Sagada, Ret, Hati, Indra, Suktel, Utei, Remal, Udanti, Lanth, Sapua etc. The Major branches and sub-

branches of Mahanadi are Kathajodi, Birupa, Kuakhai, Daya, Bhargavi, Kushabhadra, Biluakhai, Devi,

Kandala, Chitrotpala, Luna, Karandia, Paika and Badagenguti. All the major branches and sub-branches

including Mahanadi falls into Bay of Bengal except Daya & Bhargavi which fall into Chilika Lake.

4.6.2.2 Brahmani

It is the second largest river in Odisha. Two major rivers, Sankh and Koel, originate from Chhotanagpur

Plateau and join at Vedavyasa near Rourkela in Sundargarh district of Odisha to form a major river called

the Brahmani. It flows through Sundargarh, Keonjhar, Dhenkanal, Cuttack and Jajpur districts in the

Coastal Plains and enters into the Bay of Bengal at Dhamra. Brahmani is 799 km long. There are 45 major

tributaries of Brahmani, of which the important ones are Sankha, Chandrinalla, Katangamundanalla,

Rukura, Badjore, Kaunishnalla, Kalanalla, Usthalinalla, Chudakhainallah, Gohira, Chilanti, Tikira,

Singadajore, Bangaru, Nandiranalla, Nigra, Bangusinghanalla, Barha, Daunri, Kumaria, Kelua, Birupa,

Hansua, Kharsuan, Patasala in right side and Koel, Suidihi, Champalijore, Kuradihi, Amrudi, Korapani,



Mankada, Ambahari, Samakoi, Gambhiria, Raijore, Indrajeet, Ramiala, Pandra, Kharasuan, Daudi in the left

side.

4.6.2.3 Baitarani

It rises from Gonasika in Guptaganga hills of Keonjhar district. The river traverses a total distance of 360km

before falling into the Bay of Bengal. There are 64 large, medium and small tributaries, out of which 35 join

on the left side and 29 join on the right side of the river. The main tributaries are Kangira, Ardei, Khairi

Bhandan, Deo, Kanjhari, Sita, Musal, Kusei and Salandi. Salandi originates from Meghasani hills of Similipal

in Mayurbhanja district. It flows a distance of 144 km with a catchment area of 1800 sq. km.

4.6.2.4 Subarnarekha

It originates near Nagri village of Chhotnagpur plateau in Jharkhand. Total length of the river from its

origin to its outfall into Bay of Bengal is 446.12 km, including 79 km inside Odisha. The prominent

tributaries of Subarnarekha are Raru, Kanchi, Damra, Karru, Kharkhai, Chinguru, Karakari, Gurma, Garra,

Singaduba, Kodia, Dulunga and Khaijori.

4.6.2.5 Budhabalanga

Budhabalanga originates from Similipal range of hills in Maytubhanj district and travels a total length of

198.75 km. before it emptying into Bay of Bengal. The prominent tributaries of Budhabalanga are Palapala,

Sunei, Kalo, Sanjo, Deo, Gangahari and Katra.

4.6.2.6 Jamblura

It originates from Chandra Reserve forest in Mayurbhanj district and travels a total length of 90 km before

it finally falls in Bay of Bengal. The prominent tributaries of river Jambhira are Mahanti, Gulfa, Surudi,

Murli, Saan, Bans and Hansakara.

4.6.2.7 Rushikulya

It rises from Rushyamala hills of Eastern Ghats in Kandhamal district and flows in the south east direction

and falls into Bay of Bengal near Chattrapur. The prominent tributaries of Rushikulya are Padma,

Boringanalla, Joro, Badanadi, Baghua, Dhanei and Ghodhado. It has no delta in its mouth.

4.6.2.8 Bahuda

It rises near village Luba from the Singharaj lulls of the Eastern Ghats in Gajapati district. It flows in the

north east direction up to 55 km, south east direction for 17 km in Odisha before entering Andhra Pradesh

to flow for 15 km. Then it turns in Xortheast direction for 6 km in Odisha before meeting the Bay of Bengal

near the village Stmapurapeta, Odisha. The river traverses a total length of 96 km & the prominent

tributaries are Poichandia, Bogiriadi, Batrada Xalla & Kantajura Nalla.

4.6.2.9 Vansadhara

It originates from the flanks of Durgakangar hills (Lingaraj hills) of Eastern Ghats in Kalahandi district.

The river traverses a total distance of 239 km before its outfall into Bay of Bengal in Andhra Pradesh. The

prominent tributaries of river Vansadhara are Bhangi, Pedagoda on right side and Badanalla, Chauladhua,

Pandaka Nalla, Badajhar, Harbhangi, Sananadi, Mahendratanaya on left side.

4.6.2.10 Nagabali

It originates from Bijipur hills of Eastern Ghats near village Lakhabahal in Kalahandi district. The total

length of the river is 217 km of which 125 km. lies in Odisha and remaining portion in Andhra Pradesh.



The prominent tributaries are Pitadar, Datteibannda, Sananadi, Barha, Baldiya, Sat, Sitagura, Ghora,

Sitaghera, Srikona, Bonamarha, Errigeda and Jhanjhabati.

4.6.2.11 Indravati

It originates from Eastern Ghats of Dandakaranya range in Kalahandi district & flows in a westerly

direction; enters into Jagdalpur district in Chhatisgarh state. It further traverses in the westerly direction &

thereafter in southern direction before finally meeting river Godavari at the border of Maharastra,

Chhatisgarh & Andhra Pradesh. The major tributaries of river Indravati are Keshadhara, Kandabindha,

Chandragiri, Golagar, Poragarh, Kapur, Muran, Bangui, Telengi, Parlijori, Turi, Chotuijori, Damayanti

Sayarh, Kora, Modang, Padriktuidijori, Jatua & Bhaskel.

4.6.2.12 Kolab

It originates from Sinkaran hills of Eastern Ghats in Koraput district and finally meets Godavari in Andhra

Pradesh. The prominent tributaries of Kolab are Karandi, Guradi, Kangar, Garia, Dharmageda, Jam,

Malengar, Mulervagu, Potteru Vagu, Machhakund, Sileru.

12

The Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha undertakes regular ground water resources

assessment at an interval of every five years following the norms and methodology as prescribed by the

Ground Water Estimation Committee (GEC) of Government of India. As per the latest available

assessment (March 2013), the state has net dynamic ground water resources of 16.689 BCM of which

exploration to the extent of 5.02 BCM has been made for various uses. The basin wise ground water

resources and its utilisation is given in the table below:

Table 12: Odisha Ground Water Resources and Sectoral Utilisation

Sr. No.

Basin

Ground Water

Resources (MCM)

Sectoral Ground Water Utilisation March 2013

Stage of Ground Water Development (percentage)

Irrigation (MCM)

Domestic (MCM)

Industrial (MCM)

Total (MCM)

A. River Basin

1 Bahuda 110.23 30.9 5.71 0 36.61 33.21%

2 Baitarani 1672.15 592.75 56.75 21.47 670.97 40.13%

3 Bansadhara 724.02 131.02 22.25 0.08 153.35 21.18%

4 Brahmani 1980.33 526.86 90.61 24.83 642.3 32.43%

5 Budhabalanga 839.57 273.02 32.63 14.12 319.77 38.09%

6 Indravati 559.12 61.53 31.36 0.2 93.09 16.65%

7 Jambhira 386.34 167.05 13.78 0 180.83 46.81%

8 Kolab 753.43 66.73 25.85 0 92.58 12.29%

9 Mahanadi 6854.77 1526.28 372.54 22.62 1921.44 28.03%

10 Nagabali 261.67 31.09 13.36 0.49 44.94 17.17%

11 Rushikulya 1179.1 280.68 62.75 4.84 348.27 29.54%

12 Subernarekha 598.55 193.03 21.23 0 214.26 35.80%

B Area draining directly to sea

12 Annual Report (2015-16), Department of Water Resources, Government of Odisha



Table 12: Odisha Ground Water Resources and Sectoral Utilisation

Sr. No.

Basin

Ground Water

Resources (MCM)

Sectoral Ground Water Utilisation March 2013

Stage of Ground Water Development (percentage)

Irrigation (MCM)

Domestic (MCM)

Industrial (MCM)

Total (MCM)

13 Chilika 273.72 44.6 12.54 0.37 57.51 21.01%

14 Kansabansa 496.14 220.34 15.65 7.11 243.1 49.00%

State Total 16689.14 4145.88 777.01 96.13 5019.02 30.07%


Odisha has a cultivated land area of 6.18 million hectares. The water resources department has assessed

that about 4.99 million hectares can be brought under irrigation coverage through major, medium and

minor (flow & lift) irrigation projects in Odisha of which 3.647 million hectares have been covered till 2016

wherein Major and Medium irrigation facilities collectively account for 1.4 million hectares, minor (flow)

account for 630 thousand hectares, minor (lift) & bore wells account for 904 thousand hectares, and the

rest (711 thousand hectares) is taken care of by other sources. The total irrigation potential created and

utilised for Kariff and Rabi Crops since 2001 is shown in the table below:

Table 13: Odisha Irrigation Potential Created and Utilised

All figures are in thousand hectares

Year Irrigation Potential Created Irrigation Potential Utilised Percentage

Utilisation Khariff Rabi Total Khariff Rabi Total

2000-01 2533.83 1071.99 3605.82 1589.88 535.84 2125.72 58.95%

2001-02 2554.26 1117.63 3671.89 1752.27 793.64 2545.91 69.34%

2002-03 2608.59 1123.75 3732.34 1246.81 465.21 1712.02 45.87%

2003-04 2674.12 1161.21 3835.33 1737.49 780.87 2518.36 65.66%

2004-05 2707.27 1266.22 3973.49 1845.79 844.87 2690.66 67.72%

2005-06 2731.5 1294.92 4026.42 1922.7 1042.79 2965.49 73.65%

2006-07 2720.46 1318.52 4038.98 2001.98 1147.47 3149.45 77.98%

2007-08 2765.73 1342.06 4107.79 2027 1281.46 3308.46 80.54%

200S-09 2867.01 1407.18 4274.19 2081.13 1096.03 3177.16 74.33%

2009-10 2962.21 1476.81 4439.02 2058.85 979.67 3038.52 68.45%

2010-11 3035.85 1477.97 4513.82 2085.21 1020.7 3105.91 68.81%

2011-12 3089.34 1501.43 4590.77 2078.9 1009.18 3088.08 67.27%

2012-13 3130.51 1573.56 4704.07 2186.86 1178.73 3365.59 71.55%

2013-14 3352.94 1651.79 5004.73 2253.67 1267.35 3521.02 70.35%




According to the Waste Land Atlas of India (2011) prepared by National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian

Space Research Organisation on behalf of Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development,

Government of India, Odisha has a total waste land area of 16425.75 sq.km. amounting to approximately

10.55 per cent of the total geographic area of the state. It is interesting to note that there has been a

reduction of about 223 sq.km. of area from 16648.27 sq.km. in 2005-06 to 16425.76 sq.km. in 2008-09

under wasteland categorisation as per the Waste Land Atlas of India (2011).

The overall reduction in wasteland area in the state during the period of study was 222.51 sq.km., with

'gullied land' and land with dense scrub recording a significant decrease in area (239.91 sq.km. and 286.90

sq.km. respectively), while 'degraded forest-scrub dominant' and land with open scrub recording significant

increase in area (341.19 sq.km. and 208.12 sq.km respectively)

Table 14: Waste Land in Odisha

All figures are in square kilometres

WL Class Waste Land Classification 2005-06 2008-09 Change

1 Gullied and/or ravinous land (Medium) 671.19 431.29 -239.91

2 Gullied and/or ravinous land (Deep) 0 0 0

3 Land with Dense Scrub 5445.08 5158.18 -286.9

4 Land with Open Scrub 1383.29 1591.41 208.12

5 Waterlogged and Marshy land (Permanent) 424.04 333.46 -90.58

6 Waterlogged and Marshy land (Seasonal) 35.56 68.95 33.39

7 Land affected by salinity/alkalinity (Medium) 8.47 5.36 -3.11

8 Land affected by salinity/alkalinity (Strong) 23.09 20.76 -2.32

9 Shifting Cultivation - Current Jhum 1023.83 874.7 -149.13

10 Shifting Cultivation -Abandoned Jhum 421.61 563.44 141.83

11 Under-utilised/degraded forest (Scrub domin) 4781.34 5122.53 341.19

12 Under-utilised/degraded forest (Agriculture) 1842.28 1677.57 -164.71

13 Degraded pastures/grazing land 0 1.42 1.42

14 Degraded land under plantation crop 1.88 0 -1.88

15 Sands-Riverine 2.79 2.53 -0.26

16 Sands-Coastal 34.15 23.14 -11.01

17 Sands-Desertic 0 0 0

18 Sands-Semi Stabilised-Stabilised >40m 0 0 0

19 Sands-Semi Stabilised-Stabilised 15-40m 0 0 0

20 Mining Wastelands 7.9 7.96 0.06

21 Industrial wastelands 10.67 10.75 0.08

22 Barren Rocky/Stony waste 531.11 532.31 1.21

23 Snow covered /Glacial area 0 0 0

Total Waste Land 16648.27 16425.76 -222.51

Source: Waste Land Atlas of India (2011)



The presence of the complex governance systems with multiple sectoral departments means that each of these departments is in-charge of various development

measures. It is highly likely that each department has specific policies or other forms of guiding documents for planning interventions. Some of these policies/guiding

documents are expected to directly have an impact on land use, whereas some of them would result in planning processes that affect eventual land use (indirect

impact on land use). As most of the departments have such policies in force and decisions are made abiding by these documents, it is important to understand and

consider them during the formulation of the land use planning policy for the state.

The Government of Odisha firmly believes that planning, evaluation and statistical services are essential for planning growth and development. Hence, there is a

specific focus on preparation of policies for each department and its regular updating based on monitoring and reviewing expenditure in state plan schemes for better

governance of the State. The Planning and Convergence Department plays a pivotal role in creating convergence between these policies and budgetary allocations as

part of the overall governance in the State.

A brief assessment of available documents and policies of key departments and themes/different sectors, considering various land uses is presented in the sections

below.

Policy Heading/Wordings Reference Observations/Points to Ponder

State Agriculture Policy (2013)

The Government of Odisha declared ... stimulated the growth of private lift irrigation and

agro industries... The State Agricultural Policy - 2013 is another step in the same direction.

It will further the renaissance of agriculture... Almost 70 per cent population of the State is

dependent on agriculture. The agriculture sector contributes only about 16 per cent of the

Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP)... More public investment in agriculture is the

present requirement as private investment in agriculture would take time ... continue to be

the engine of broad-based economic growth and development as well as of natural resources

conservation, leave alone food security and poverty alleviation... A wholesome policy

framework for the benefit of the farmers of the State is in place since 2008 with a focus

Page 1 The state recognises that 70 per cent workforce

contributes only 16 per cent of its GSDP, leading to

extreme levels of income disparities.

The state emphasises on importance of public

investment as against private investment to enhance and

improve agricultural sector.

The state wants to integrate the socio-economic aspects

of farmer’s welfare instead of only production led

targets.




more on the economic wellbeing of the farmers, rather than just on production and growth.

It has helped the State to achieve a consistent growth in agriculture during the Eleventh

Plan. The new State Agriculture Policy will serve the State following the same broad

contours laid down in the State Agriculture Policy - 2008.

The State has about 64.09 lakh hectares of cultivable area... About 40.17 lakh hectares …

has acidic soil and approx. 4.00 lakh hectares of area suffers from salinity. That apart, nearly

3.00 lakh hectares of cultivable area suffers from water logging… The average size of land

holding in the State is 1.25 ha. Small and marginal farmers constitute about 83 per cent of

the farming community... The State is divided into 10 agro-climatic zones... Rice is the main

crop... characterised by low productivity ... problematic soil ... lack of assured irrigation, low

seed replacement rate, low level of fertiliser consumption... low levels of mechanisation...

Horticulture becoming popular in hilly district areas ... insufficient investments by farmers

and other agronomic practices and want of marketing facilities

Page 3 Soil Acidity, salinity and water logging are major

challenges

Small land holding sizes - high disparity in land holding

size

There are 10 agro-climatic zones

Focus on increasing modernisation in agriculture

Promotion of Horticulture

Q: Does the state have any index on rating quality of

agricultural land?

Q: If yes, what are the parameters?

Q: If no, what could be the parameters?

Objectives

Agriculture in Odisha still depends on the small and marginal farmers... low productivity due

to traditional agricultural practices, inadequate capital formation and low investment,

inadequate irrigation facilities, low water use efficiency, uneconomic size of holding, etc...

main objectives...

... shift from ... subsistence ... profitable commercial agriculture...

To enhance productivity of important crops by enhancing seed replacement, availability

of quality planting materials, INM, IPM, water management, farm mechanization and

technology transfer

To encourage crop substitution particularly in uplands and medium lands

To focus on horticultural crops including dry-land horticulture;

To focus on poultry, dairy and fisheries to augment the income of the farmers

... modern farming system approach

Page 5 Focus on:

Increasing productivity

Crop diversification

Investment in irrigation, seed replacement, farm

mechanisation etc.

Crop Substitution in highlands

Dry-land horticulture

Watershed management

Organic farming

Postharvest logistics and management

Q: Mechanisation leads to reduction in labour

requirements, impact of such a scheme needs to be

explored in terms of reduced farm employment




... organic farming

... facilitate increased long term investment ... post-harvest management, marketing, agro-

processing and value addition, etc; ...

... encourage contract as well as compact farming...

To implement integrated watershed development programs in watershed areas...

... redefine the roles and responsibilities of the agricultural extension machinery by

suitably restructuring the field extension set up.

Q: Is the cropping pattern in Odisha water intensive?

Q: What is the share of agriculture in water use?

Q: What is the per capita utilisation of water in agriculture

and how does it compare to per capita utilisation of water

vis.a.vis other sectors

Input Management: Seeds Page 7 The quality of seeds can increase the production by 20

per cent

Focus on improving Seed Replacement Rate (SRR) for

Paddy

5 existing seed processing plants to be developed de-

humidified chambers for storage of groundnut seeds

Focus on seeds and organic products certification

Promote hybrids at appropriate Agroecological

Situations (AES)

Over 2000 indigenous varieties of paddy in Odisha,

gene bank being established

Scientifically bred, drought/submergence/salinity

tolerant and pest resistant high yielding and

environmentally sage varieties to be promoted.

Q: How are other non-cereal crops considered when

considering SRR

Q: Is there a mapping of interventions in terms of hybrids

according to AES/agroclimatic zones (micro-zonation)

Q: Is monsoon onset pattern considered?

Input Management: Irrigation Page 9 A large part of agriculture is still dependent on monsoon




... Non-availability of timely and adequate water for irrigation is now becoming a serious

constraint in achieving higher productivity and stability of farming... total rainfall in our state

is satisfactory, its distribution over time and space is highly uneven. So, rain water harvesting

and improving the efficiency of water use are important. It has been assessed that even 10

per cent increase in the present level of water use efficiency in irrigation projects may help

to provide lifesaving irrigation to crops in large areas...Water Users' Associations are being

encouraged to maximise the benefit from the available water...

Participatory Irrigation Management will be promoted... capacity building of pani panchayats

(Water User's Associations)... efficient utilisation and monitoring of water allotted to them

Rotational Water Supply System will be adopted for more efficient use of water.

Substantial part of irrigated agriculture is dependent on

underground wells

Q: How does the state plan recharging aquifers

Q: What percentage is being tapped by confined and

unconfined aquifers?

Q: Is the emphasis on land under agriculture or is it on per

hectare productivity?

Q: How are long term and sustainability aspects factored?

Q: Lift Irrigation from ground water has a critical danger

of over watering and excessive wastage of water without

micro-irrigation techniques as water can be tapped at a

virtually free cost. Ground realities need to be checked.

The spread of the benefit of major and medium irrigation projects being confined only

to a few districts of the State, it is necessary to take greater interest for developing rain

water harvesting structure, ground water recharge, traditional water bodies, farm ponds,

etc as well as exploitation of ground water in all feasible locations.

Assured irrigation will be provided to at least 35 per cent of cultivable land in each block.

This will be achieved by a suitable combination of flow irrigation and lift irrigation duly

supported by micro irrigation.

Irrigation tanks will be renovated/dug in every village having such potential.

Individual tube wells and bore wells will be promoted under the Jalanidhi program with

maximum subsidy upto 75 per cent of the project cost.

Community Lift Irrigation projects with subsidy upto 80 per cent of the project cost in

the non-TSP areas and non-KBK districts and upto 90 per cent of the project cost in

the TSP areas and KBK districts will be continued under Biju Krushak Vikas Yojana

(BKVY).

For large-scale community lift irrigation projects 90 per cent subsidy is available if they

are executed by OUC/OAIC.

Page 10 Focus on balancing irrigation projects across all districts

in the state

Focus on increased exploitation of ground water

Target to provide at least 35 per cent irrigated cultivable

land in each block

Combine flow irrigation and lift irrigation supported by

micro irrigation

Impetus to individual tube/bore wells (75 per cent

subsidy)

Impetus to Community lift irrigation (tube/bore wells)

with 80 per cent subsidy in general and 90 per cent

subsidy in TSP and KBK districts

90 per cent subsidy for mega lift irrigation at community

level (>40 ha)

Up to 90 per cent subsidy on micro irrigation (drip and

sprinkler systems)




Subsidy will be provided for community-based mega lift irrigation projects covering not

less than 40 hectares irrigated area, if the community forms a registered society that will

execute the project and also run the project later. The subsidy will be to the extent of 90

per cent excluding the cost of land.

Micro irrigation (drip and sprinkler irrigation) helps farmers in saving water, increasing

yields, supporting new technological packages and increasing employment in rural areas.

Therefore, micro irrigation will be promoted in a big way in the State by providing

subsidies for drip and sprinkler irrigation maximum up to 90 per cent of the cost. Micro

irrigation campaign will go a long way in creating efficient water use in the State. A centre

of excellence on Micro-irrigation will be set up in the State.

Drawing of electric line for electrification of dug well/private L.I. points will be

subsidised under Biju Gram Jyoti Yojana (BGJY).

Subsidy will be provided to the extent of 75 per cent limited to INR 50,000 per deep

borewell for the purposes of electrification.

The cost of electrification of a cluster of Shallow tube wells, not less than 10 per cluster,

will be borne by the Government, subject to a limit of INR 400000 per cluster.

Supply of irrigation water through underground conduits in place of over ground canals

will be encouraged to minimise transmission loss.

Farm ponds will be executed free of cost in the field of BPL farmers in the State under

MGNREGA and State plan.

About 3 lakh hectares of cultivable area in Odisha remains waterlogged due to poor

drainage. Integrated development of these areas will be attempted through appropriate

engineering and land/crop management interventions.

Q. Such a large impetus on lift irrigation/tapping ground

water has resulted in depletion of water tables in other

states, how does the state expect to monitor/limit lifting of

water to ensure sustainability?

Q: Are all areas suitable for lift irrigation? Is there a spatial

map available?

Q: How can the state maximise use of surface water for

irrigation?

Q: How has the state planned ground water recharging to

ensure sustainability for lift irrigation

Q: is the lift irrigation scheme linked to micro irrigation

scheme? If yes in which areas?

Q: spatial analysis of Ganjam reveals that about 80 per cent

of the urbanisation is happening in Irrigated double

cropped land, how does this reflect on irrigation

investments (especially when a major part of the cultivated

areas are rain-fed)

Q: Is ground water irrigation a sustainable practice in India

context?

Q: How does the government plan to balance the water

logged and saline areas

Input Management: Fertilisers

To increase agricultural production, it is necessary that chemical fertilisers as well as organic

manure are used adequately and in a balanced manner. Presently, fertiliser consumption in

the state is 63 kg/ha only as compared to the national average of more than 140 kg/ha.

Hence, there is a lot of scope for increasing fertiliser consumption in the state. While suitable

Page 11 Focus on increasing fertiliser consumption

State has a focus on integrated nutrient management

Q: Has the state prepared spatial maps considering soil

quality, alkalinity levels, salinity levels, irrigated non-




measures will be taken to increase fertiliser consumption in the state, emphasis would be

laid on balanced fertilization'. Balanced fertilisation is defined as an accurate fertiliser

application equal to the plant need considering the soil nutrient content. To achieve balanced

nutrition for sustainable crop production, Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is very

important. The goal of INM is to integrate the use of all natural and man-made sources of

plant nutrients required for high agricultural productivity besides ensuring the sound health

of soil. State will endeavour to promote INM practices in a big way through suitable

programs and incentives.

Prolonged and over usage of chemical fertilisers on soil results in soil health deterioration,

human health hazards and pollution of the environment. Hence, it is necessary to switch

over to an alternate source of nutrient supply to the crops which is ecologically protective

of farming. The state will promote use of bio-fertilisers in a big way through suitable

incentives and effective extension.

The state will take steps place the necessary infrastructure to enable direct transfer of

fertiliser subsidy to the farmers. The state will also take steps, using IT, to monitor the sale

of fertilisers to ensure that it is not diverted for illegal purposes. Farmers will be able to learn

about the stock position of the dealers in a transparent way.

irrigated areas to plan distribution and incentivisation for

nutrient specific fertilisers?

Input Management: Farm Mechanisation

Farm Mechanisation brings a significant improvement in agricultural productivity in a

number of ways. The timeliness of various agricultural operations is crucial in obtaining

optimal yield, which is possible only through mechanisation. Secondly, the quality and

precision of the operations are equally significant for realising higher yield. The various

operations such as land levelling, irrigation, sowing and planting, use of fertiliser, plant

protection, harvesting and threshing need a high degree of precision to increase the

efficiency of the inputs as well as to reduce the losses. Farm Mechanisation also goes a long

way in reducing the drudgery of agricultural operations. With mechanisation, there are good

chances to reduce the cost of production resulting in higher margin of profit...

Page 12 Farm Mechanisation and low average land holding size

may need cooperative farming approaches to leverage

agri-infrastructure being built by GoO

Focus on increasing productivity of agriculture through

farm mechanisation is a good idea.

Mechanisation leads to reduction in labour

requirements, impact of such a scheme needs to be

explored in terms of reduced farm employment

Reduced primary sector employments leads to forced

migration and unplanned urbanisation - Economic

opportunities in urban areas would need focus




In our State, level of mechanisation is very low. Farm Mechanisation will be promoted in a

large scale, by ensuring easy availability of appropriate farm machineries at substantially

subsidised rates...

Farm machinery suitable for different types of soil and operation for important crops will

be developed.

... Women-friendly farm equipment will be promoted

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and use of bio-control agents ... minimise the

indiscriminate and injudicious use of chemical pesticides

... Agro Service Centres will be promoted in all the Blocks/fully irrigated gram panchayats

to provide door-step services for farm mechanisation.

Q: What are the plans of the state to combat increased

migration due to farm mechanisation?

Q: Has the state undertaken any spatial planning to forecast

the increased urbanisation hotspots that would result with

farm mechanisation due to rural to urban migration.

Q: what is the maximum extent of land that is allowed to

be levelled using large equipment and machinery?

Q: Is land levelling sustainable in the long run?

Q: Is land levelling likely to impact the natural drainage

patterns?

Q: Is land levelling leading to increased flood frequencies

and intensities?

Soil Testing and Restoration of Soil Health and Fertility Page 14 Soil Testing Labs to be set up and farmers to be

encouraged for soil testing at least once in three years

Extremely important to ensure long term sustainability

of agricultural land

Potential to reduce wasteland generation

Q: Would the existing geoportals/GIS platforms integrate

soil health card/status for enabling precision farming?

Horticulture

Odisha is bestowed with varieties of agro-climatic conditions favourable for the

development of horticultural crops. Horticulture provides an excellent opportunity to raise

the income of farmers in rainfed areas and dry tracks. Since income derived from

horticulture per hectare of land is generally higher than in cereals and pulses, the State will

utilise the field potential for expanding the area under horticulture. The area under

horticulture can be at least doubled with appropriate promotional policies and cropping

patterns. Dry land horticulture will be promoted as a supplementary source of income to

the farms particularly in the TSP areas/rainfed areas of the State.

Page 22 Odisha intends to double the area under Horticulture

Per capita/per hectare income generated through

Horticulture is higher than cereals and/or pulses

Q: Would a spatially planned cluster approach be better

that scattered individual cultivation, if yes, which are the

priority areas and what are the criteria for identifying the

same

Q: Spatial Planning for postharvest infrastructure needs to

be undertaken for ensuring market competitiveness




Floriculture

Odisha's soil and climatic conditions arc suitable for successful cultivation of flowers like

rose, tuberose, marigold and gladiolus. Demand for flowers is also growing rapidly in the

State. Though floriculture in the State is in infant stage, an increasing trend in cultivation of

flowers is marked. Though there is a huge potential of floriculture in the State, farmers are

reluctant to take up floriculture, mainly due to marketing problems. Information about

prices and floriculture technology is also not readily available to small producers.

Growers' Cooperatives will be encouraged and wholesale markets exclusively for flowers

will be developed. Contract farming of flowers will be encouraged with suitable forward

linkage. Suitable financial incentive will be provided not only for cultivation of flowers but

also for postharvest management including marketing.

Page 23 Focus on promoting cooperatives and contract farming

Cashew nut

One of the most important (commercial crops grown in the State is cashew nut. Odisha is

the third largest producer of cashew-nut after Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. Presently,

the area under cashew-nut is 150000 ha, with production of approx. 90,000 M.T. Though

the average productivity in the State is higher than the national average, there is ample scope

to substantially increase the productivity. Plantations over 40 per cent (Approx.) of the area

are old, senile and uneconomic and varieties are also traditional. A special program will be

launched for replacement of the old, senile and uneconomical plantations with clones of

High Yielding variety in a time bound manner. Cashew processing in the State will be given

priority.

Page 24 Focus on increasing productivity by replacing over 40

per cent of old plantation area by high yielding variety

Total area under cashew nut plantations is 150,000 ha

Q: Spatial assessment of distribution of cashew nut

plantations across the state may be beneficial for reducing

possible conflicts with urbanisation/and or other land uses

Coconut

Odisha is the fifth largest producer of coconut after four southern States. However, the

productivity in the State is much below the national average. Main reason of low productivity

is existence of large number of old and senile plants in the State. A definite, time-bound

program will be taken up for replacement of old & senile plants with new high yielding

variety plants. That apart area expansion will be attempted in locations more conducive for

Page 24 Focus on increasing productivity by replacing old

plantation area by high yielding variety

Area identified for expansion

Q: Spatial planning may help in coordinating plantation

efforts with minimal land use conflicts with other

sectors




raising coconut crop and while doing so, more remunerative hybrid varieties will be

introduced in a systematic manner.

Fisheries and Animal Resource Development

… The strength of the fisheries sector in Odisha lies in the large under/unutilised freshwater

and brackish water resources. By judiciously harnessing these resources, the fish production

from the capture and capture-cum-culture fisheries could be substantially augmented to

meet the domestic market demands, create employment and income generating

opportunities for the rural poor and enhance their food and livelihood security.

Promotion of Intensive Aquaculture

In Odisha with Central Government subsidy of 20 per cent, water body creation is not taking

place on large scale. Hence additional 30 per cent subsidy will be provided under State

Agricultural Policy over and above the Central Government subsidy of 20 per cent making

the total subsidy of 50 per cent to each beneficiary with a ceiling of 5 ha per beneficiary. The

scheme would be implemented in both brackish water and freshwater aquaculture...

Page 25 Focus on Fisheries

State subsidy over and above national government

subsidy up to a total of 50 per cent to each beneficiary

up to a maximum of 5 ha

Shift from capture to capture-cum-culture in fisheries

Q: Is there a separate policy that talks about fodder and or

grazing lands and livestock.

Q: How is disaster resilience and improved livelihood

integrated as part of farm practices promoting fisheries and

animal resources

Q: There is an increase in fodder requirement, but the

agricultural plans do not seem to indicate the issue of

fodder crops

Q: The status of grazing/pasture land and grasslands needs

to be correlated to this aspect

Q: What is the impact on carrying capacity of land in terms

of ACU/ha with government schemes on integrated

farming and focus on increasing milk producing livestock

Q: What are spatial connotations of above?

Q: The state aspires to increase its fisheries production

from both marine and freshwater resources

Q: Is the state using sustainable fishing practices in marine

EEZs?

Q: Does the state spatially plan and allocate inland

resources for fresh water aquaculture?

Q: If yes, what are the parameters?




Q: If No, what could be the parameters and total

requirements in near future?

Watershed Development Page 28 Convergence with MGNREGA

Promotes Water Harvesting

Q: What impacts would the upstream watershed

development initiatives have on existing as well as planned

downstream watershed developments?

Q: Does Watershed planning only account for agriculture

and water or for other aspects of development also? (like

industries, infrastructure, mines, forests, grasslands,

wetlands, disaster prone areas etc.)

Rain Fed Agriculture

… Paddy is grown in about 8 lakh hectares of highland in the State which is not remunerative

as well as subject to the vagaries of nature. Farmers would be persuaded to raise light duty

crops like oilseeds, pulses and horticultural plantation crops on such lands. Suitable

incentives shall be provided for crop substitution.

Page 29 Crop substitution over an area of 800000 hectare would

need a lot of spatial planning

Q: How are incidents of extreme weather events due to

climate change needs to be considered during planning

Q: Does the agricultural department adhere to the state

climate action plan?

Q: How important would it be to have a disaster

vulnerability mapping and disaster resilience plan with a

focus on Agriculture

Organic Farming Page 30 Organic Certifications are expected to have a distinct

positive impact on other land uses like waterbodies,

forests, and wastelands

If Odisha wants to focus on increasing organic certified

areas, controlled development in terms of land use for

industries and other economic and settlement aspects

would need to be planned for.




Spatial planning would prove to be a strong tool to plan

development of organic agriculture

Integrated Farming

… A proper combination of different farm production systems namely, agriculture,

horticulture, livestock, poultry, agro-forestry, sericulture and pisciculture will be promoted.

Page 31 Integrated farming would require precision agriculture

strategies and practices involving spatial planning at a

micro-level

Q: Is the government undertaking spatial planning to arrive

at crop cultivation matrix for individual farmers?

Post-harvest Management

Agri-Enterprises

Agro Processing

Page 32-

34

Q: How is spatial planning and ORSAC/Odisha Geoportal

being made use of?

Q: How is hierarchy of Agri-logistics and support centres

being planned and catered to?

Q: As part of crop intensification by clustering approach,

how are the villages being selected? How is the spatial

planning approach being applied?

Q: Is the agency guiding cropping patterns in the state by

controlling price of seeds by promoting a gradual shift to a

certain cropping pattern based on a plan

Q: If yes, do the departments for SMEs promotion,

environment, water resources and urbanisation consider

the impact on their plans?

Q: Scope for integration with SMEs and agri-logistics

Agriculture Marketing

Integrated Cotton Markets

Market Yards in 118 blocks that don’t have any

Rural Road Linkages

Horticulture and Floriculture Terminal Markets on Hub and Spoke format

Agri-Export Zones

Page 54-

55

Q: Is there a plan for agri-logistics in the state? If Yes, does

it have reference to spatial planning?

Q: How is the location of agri-market and other facilities

decided and prioritised for investment?

Q: How is the hierarchy of agri-markets is defined

Q: What are the parameters for such a hierarchy?




Convergence with MGNREGA, Bharat Nirmaan, PMGSY etc. Q: How has this helped (impact) in prioritising agriculture

as an economic instrument?

Q: What is the impact on urbanisation trends?

Primary focus on increasing production or yield per unit

land/water

Representation on ORSAC/Odisha Geoportal would

lead to better convergence, improved planning and

decision making

Incidents of extreme weather events due to climate

change needs to be considered during planning

Q: Does a state have to be self-sufficient in terms of food

grains and agriculture?

Q: Are National and state vision on self-sufficiency of

agricultural products coherent

Q: Does the policy set out to achieve the visions in short

term, Medium term or Long term?

Q: How is Impact assessment of past policies integrated to

ensure that better planning and spatial considerations are

factored in upcoming stages

Q: Are any parts of the agricultural policy/plans spatially

represented?

Q: How are environmental factors and eutrophication of

waterbodies due to fertilisers and pesticides integrated?

Q: Is spatial planning and micro planning undertaken to

focus on certain crops based on agroclimatic zones

Q: Has the state planned or demarcated micro-agroclimatic

zones within the broad agroclimatic zones?




Q: Does Odisha have bio-diversity boards? How is

agriculture integrated in convergence with Bio-diversity

Boards? If not, how can it be integrated? If yes, do we plan

spatially?

Q: What is the minimum threshold for cultivable area as

Odisha has net sown area less than 50 per cent of

geographical area

Q: Has a decision support system with standardised

parameters created for land conversions?

Q: Does the agricultural department adhere to the state

climate action plan?

Draft Biotechnology Policy (2005)

The biodiversity rich areas of the state include Similipal hills, Gandhamardan hills,

Mahendragiri hills, Bhitarkanika, Sunabeda Plateau, Chilika lake and Malayagiri.

Agro-forestry plantation (bamboo, teak, eucalyptus, pine etc.) to replace denuded forests

for paper and pulp industry

Bioremediation of waste land especially where mining was done.

Mapping of the unique bio resources in the state, including mangroves, forest, marine

and fresh water resources

The large wastelands could be reclaimed by cultivation of low lignin pulp wood for

biomass generation or other species such as Jatropha, Pongamia, Salvadora etc., for bio

diesel production.

Setting up of one or more biotechnology parks

Page 3-4

Policy Guidelines for Raising Energy Plantations and Bio-Diesel Production (2007)

Bio-diesel produced from vegetable sources is fast emerging as a viable alternative to fossil

fuels, particularly in the face of diminishing supply and the concomitant steep increase in

price of fossil fuels.

Page 2 Bio-diesel producing plantation as a tool for waste land

utilisation, and employment generation




Production of Bio-diesel also supplements the general economic growth by way of waste

land utilisation, employment generation, entrepreneurship development, augmentation of

additional source of power, increasing share of organic manure in agriculture etc.

The current bio-diesel production potential of the State has been estimated at approximately

1000 Kilo Litres |KL) per annum. With further utilisation of about 30 per cent wasteland

of the State the production is likely to increase up to 14000 KL per annum.

Quantification of Benefits of Bio-diesel production:

Total expected production: 14000 KL per annum

Utilisation of wasteland: 0.6 Million Hectares

Employment generation: 100 million man days

Additional organic manure: 42,000 tonnes

Page 3 Focus on utilising 30 per cent of wasteland (0.6 million

ha) - barren, uncultivated and fallow land

Present biodiesel production potential of 1000

KL/year, may increase to 14000 KL/year

Employments: 100 million man-days

Q: How is the ownership of barren, uncultivated and fallow

land like to impact the targets of cultivation?

Q: Is there a spatial pattern observed in uncultivated and

fallow land? Is it because of constraints in profitable

agriculture or is it because of urbanisation?

Availability of land for raising energy plantations:

About 2 million hectares of land is available under the categories of barren and uncultivated

land and fallow lands. A major portion of this land can be utilised for cultivation of oil seed

bearing trees. Besides, huge areas of degraded forests are also available in the State where

such cultivation can be taken up. Cultivation of oil seed bearing trees can also be taken up

in JFM mode on field boundaries, tank bunds, fences etc.

Page 4 Focus of utilisation of wasteland for economic purposes

(barren, uncultivated and fallow)

Distribution of Land

Identification of Land:

While farmers have to be encouraged to raise energy plantations along the fence and bunds

of cultivated lands, the very success of the programme depends on raising such plantations

on marginal and degraded lands. Such areas coming under common land, wasteland, canal

and tank bunds, degraded forests, along the railway tracks, highways have to be identified

by designated Government Departments/Agencies/Panchayati Raj Institutions/Urban

Local Bodies and given on long term lease to interested Van Sanrakshan Samittees , Pani

Page 4 Focus on wasteland under government ownership

Multiple stakeholder institutions identified

Q: Using common land for such purposes will have a direct

impact on land available for pastures and grazing land

Q: As there is no regulation on growing energy plantation

on regular agricultural land, the profitability of growing the

same would need to be explored to ascertain the spatial and

economic impact of shift in cropping pattern




Panchayats, co-operatives, Self Help Groups, Tree Growers' Societies etc. for plantation

purpose.

Establishment of Bio-diesel production centres

Bio-diesel production can be low tech and is not capital intensive. Bio-diesel production

does not require economy of scale. There is no minimum size for a bio-diesel facility and

small decentralised bio-diesel facilities do not require dedicated technical staff support;

they can be operated by locally trained nontechnical staff.

The Biodiesel production units shall be eligible for the incentives provided under PMRY,

IPR and under the Biodiesel Policy.

Eligible entrepreneurs shall be entitled to subsidy as per the special package offered

under Self Employment Programme implemented by the Industries Department. Such

special package allows 15 per cent capital subsidy and 3 per cent interest subsidy.

Small bio-diesel production centres will be encouraged in rural areas for different local

applications like water pumping, village electrification etc.

Indian Oil Corporation has agreed to buy entire bio-diesel produced in the State, subject

to quality and regulation of supply.

Page 5 Q: As there is no regulation on growing energy plantation

on regular agricultural land, the profitability of growing the

same would need to be explored to ascertain the spatial and

economic impact of shift in cropping pattern especially in

view of IOC buying the entire bio-diesel produced in state


Modified Area Development Approach

This scheme is available in areas outside the TSP (Tribal Sub- plan: which is a state plan

to rapidly increase the economic development of tribal) which are contiguous smaller

areas having a population of 10,000 or more, with 50 per cent tribal concentration.

Odisha is having 21 ITDPs/ITDAs Pockets, 46 MADA, 14 Clusters, 13 PTGs

(Particularly vulnerable tribal groups).

Page 186 Q: Spatial distribution of the identified settlements for

upgradation would have a direct impact on the urbanisation

pattern as well as economic linkages




Govt. mobilises funds to develop these pockets which result in land use changes.

Dispersed Tribal Development Project

This is an extension to Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) strategy.

The dispersed ST population of the state located outside the ITDA/MADA/Cluster

Pocket/Micro Project areas, is covered under a special project for tribal development

called, ‘Dispersed Tribal Development Project (DTDP)’.

Dispersed Tribal population constitutes about 27 per cent of the total tribal population

in the State and varies in their proportion from region to region.

The following are the activities made available for dispersed tribal population:

Provision of subsidy under various bankable Income Generating Schemes: Especially

in the agriculture/horticulture development, minor irrigation, animal husbandry,

fisheries, small and village industry.

Community Minor Irrigation Projects such as LIP, WHS, Check Dam etc.

Training Programme for self-employment, wage employment etc.

Page 186 Q: Spatial distribution of the identified dispersed population

for upgradation as a settlement is likely to have a direct

impact on the urbanisation pattern as well as economic

linkages

Comprehensive Development Plan Land and Implementation Policy (2015)

The State Government have considered it necessary to create an appropriate policy

framework for transfer of Government Land to Development Authorities, allotment of

land and properties by Development Authorities, establishment of Comprehensive

Development Plan Infrastructure Development Fund and institutional mechanism

required for implementation of Comprehensive Development Plan proposals and

regulatory framework in an effective and efficient manner with a view to addressing the

challenges in the present system of implementation of Comprehensive Development

Plan and accordingly formulated the following CDP Land and Implementation Policy,

2015.

Page 1 Focus on urbanisation and Urbanisable land

Objectives:

The following objectives are envisaged to be achieved through this Policy:

Page 2-3 Focus on

Planned Urbanisation Expanse

Land Pricing




To encourage socially and economically efficient allocation of Urban Land so that

Urban Development is done in a resource conserving manner and the magnitude of

land used for urban settlements is optimal.

To make government land available in adequate quantities at the right time and on

reasonable prices to both Development Authorities & individuals.

To secure access of land and housing for poor and marginalised sections of society

by providing and reserving for same and to ensure adequate provisions of affordable

Housing in all urban settlements.

To encourage co-operative community effort and bonafide individual developers in

the field of Urban Development and Housing through PPP model.

To prevent concentration of land and Housing ownership in a few hands and to

encourage home ownership amongst the under-privileged sections of the Urban

Society.

To set up CDP Infrastructure Development Fund (CIDF) for financing of urban

development & social housing by leveraging land as a resource.

To provide for an effective and efficient institutional mechanism for coordinating the

efforts of various departments and agencies in implementation of Development

Plans.

To provide for any other matters for successful achievement of the objectives

discussed above.

Encourage sectoral coordination

Fair share planning and distribution of resources

Land as a form of financial resource mobilisation for

urban governance and infrastructure development

Land assembly using innovative measures such as land readjustment, land pooling,

guided development and neighbourhood developments will be encouraged to minimise

undesirable speculation and increase in land cost to ensure planned development to

provide for the needs of the lower income groups.

Q: Current status and initiatives?

Q: Quantifiable benefits?

Identification of suitable land for urban renewal such as redevelopment and rehabilitation

taking into consideration the age and structural stability of buildings, land use and level

of infrastructure

Q: Current status and initiatives?

Q: Quantifiable benefits?

Q: How is DTP and other Planning Authorities are

involved?




Q: What has been the impact on urban sprawl?

Formulate Master Plans for all urban areas in the State along with effective land-use

planning and creation of adequate land banks for housing.

No mentions of spatial planning or creating parameters

for interventions based on land use at city/town or

settlement level.

Identification of land banks for housing

Q: What were the parameters for identifying such land

banks?

Activity Report (2015-16), H&UD

Four development authorities and one RIT has already completed the preparation of

master plan, while five development authorities and six regional improvement trusts

and selected special planning authorities are currently undertaking the master plan

preparation

The department is looking forward to amalgamation of planning authorities into 7

regional development authorities

Over 50 water supply projects have been initiated in the 33 AMRUT

approved/covered cities/ULB as follows: Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Behrampur,

Rourkela, Sambalpur, Puri, Balasore, Baripada, Bhadrak. Etc.

Bhubaneshwar having been chosen under smart city program, has set its focus on the

Transit oriented Development based planning with large scale investments in urban

mobility i.e., intra-city bus service for public transport, intelligent traffic management

etc.

Boost in infrastructure to operate bus service in other urban areas

NUIS (National Urban Information System): 6 towns vis., Cuttack, Balasore,

Baripada, Sambalpur, Rourkela and Berhampur are covered in the first phase of the

scheme (2014) and existing land use maps were prepared for these.

Focus on preparation of spatial plans for urban areas with

peripheral villages

Focus on regional development

Expanding major urban centres

GIS in preparation of land use and revised/new

masterplans for 112 towns




Land achieved by Odisha Transferable Development Rights Rules, 2015 will be

utilised for housing to meet the needs of urban poor, lower and middle-income

people.

Master plan for 70 towns out of which 54 Final Master Plan and 16 Draft Master Plan

were approved the Government of Odisha under OTP & IT Act, 1956.

53 towns had the digital data for preparation of masterplans while 59 other towns are

targeted to prepare the database in 2016-17.

Rural Development

The focus of Rural development in Odisha is Economic Growth with Social Justice and

improvement in the living standards of the rural population, by providing adequate and

quality services efficiently.

Schemes focussing on Rural Development have potential

to balance urbanisation

Higher household income may translate to lesser rural to

urban migration

Provision of social amenities and services at subsidised costs or free to target groups.

These include Housing, Roads, Water Supply, Primary Education, Health, Sanitation,

Family Welfare, the National Social Assistance Programme, Targeted Public Distribution

System (TPDS) and Rural Infrastructure. These are provided through schemes such as

Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY), Prime Minister Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), Bharat

Nirman, Member of Parliament Local Area Development Programme (MPLADP),

Member of Legislative Assembly Constituency Development Scheme (MLACDS),

RURBAN, Swacch Bharat Mission (SBM), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) and

funds devolved to local bodies such as State Finance Commission (SFC), Central Finance

Commission (CFC), etc.

All schemes mentioned essentially talk about land

resource planning and management

These schemes translate to substantially high financial

outlays as part of budgetary allocation, it would be

interesting to see how it is impacting land use and spatial

planning aspects.

Q: Do these schemes involve application of spatial land use

planning techniques?

Q: If yes, how have they helped; if not, where all can they be

integrated to enhance scheme delivery?

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee

MGNREGA - New Initiatives - Land Development Activities

Afforestation in village common lands (grassland and

grazing lands, conversion of fallow land to cultivable land,

scrub clearance, land levelling and soil conservation

works, water harvesting, irrigation and drainage facilities




other plantation works, contour trenching, farm bunding,

earthen dams, farm ponds etc.

Q: All these activities have a direct bearing on land use

change and natural drainage patterns, is any GIS based

spatial and land use planning guiding these activities?

MGNREGA - New Initiatives - Selection of works by using satellite-based maps

Q: What is the status of resource mapping on GIS platform?


Perspective Plan for Management and Development of Fisheries (2010-2020)

Inland Fisheries

Additionally, 80000 ha tank/pond area (45000 hectare of new pond area and 35000 ha

through renovation of existing tanks/ponds) will be developed for freshwater aquaculture.

This will create additional direct employment to 100000 persons in farming; and 350000

indirect employment in ancillary activities will be created.

10000 persons will derive employment in scampi culture in 10000 ha additional water area.

The total inland fish production of the State will register a quantum jump from present

level of 2.13 lakh tonnes to 7.12 lakh tonnes i.e. 3-fold by end of 2020.

71 hatcheries set up with a designed capacity for producing 2500 million fish seed and 50

feed mills for producing 100000 tonnes of feed. This will provide direct employment to

100 persons in hatcheries and 200 in feed mills and indirect employment to 700 in fish

seed production.

Development of fisheries in reservoirs besides benefiting the will provide full-time

employment to 15500 members in 102 co-operatives and part-time employment to equal

number of their family members in fisheries ancillary activities.

Page 8 Q: What are the spatial Implications of 80000 ha being

brought under aquaculture

Q: How would sustainability be assured?

Q: How are the agricultural plans integrated as part of

the fisheries development plans

Q: How are the environmental considerations like

eutrophication been addressed?




10000 poor fishermen in reservoirs will avail boats and nets to improve their livelihood

through fishing in the reservoirs.

2700 Women SHG will be benefited from the development of fisheries in swamps and

low lying areas.

About 1500 members of reservoir fishery cooperatives/SHGs will get employment in 300

captive nurseries proposed for fingerling production.

500000 fishermen will be covered under the Accident Insurance scheme.

Brackish water Aquaculture and Chilika fisheries

Additional 10000 hectare of brackish water will be brought under coastal aquaculture by

2020. This will provide direct employment to 10000 persons.

Productivity of brackish water shrimp will be increased from 1.00 ton to 1.50 tonnes/ha

per crop.

Over 100000 indirect employment will be created in farm construction, shrimp seed and

feed production and marketing of aquaculture products.

Disease free shrimp seed will be made available by establishing 5 shrimp hatcheries and

renovating 11 existing hatcheries.

134000 fishermen in and around Chilika area will be benefited by management and

development of fisheries in the lake.

Skill of 7000 small and medium scale farmers will be upgraded through exposure visits

and training.

Page 9 Q: What are the spatial implications of 10000 ha being

brought under aquaculture


Q: How are the agricultural plans integrated as part of

the fisheries development plans

Q: How are the environmental considerations like bird

dependency and eutrophication being addressed?

Marine fisheries and fisheries infrastructure

100 intermediate crafts will be introduced in the private sector for Fishing in the deep area

providing employment to 1000 fishers.

6000 traditional fishermen will be covered under motorisation programme by supplying

5000 Out Board Engines (OBM) and 1000 In-Board motors (IBM) to improve their

income and social status.

Page 9 Q: What are the spatial implications of impetus to

fishing in deep areas


Q: How are port and logistics plans integrated in the

fishing plans?

Q: What impact is it likely to have on tourism industry?




2400 CNG Kits will be provided to the traditional fishermen for promoting eco-friendly

capture fisheries using clean non-conventional source of energy.

Participatory management of fisheries will be encouraged.

Capacity for deep sea fishing will be built.

20 Artificial reeves and 10 Fish Aggregating Devices will be deployed in the territorial

waters of Orissa for resource conservation and resource enhancement.

5000 insulated ice boxes will be provided to traditional fishermen and the cooperatives.

10000 fishermen families living in the area where fishing ban is in force, will get direct

employment through Alternative livelihood activities.

Modernisation/upgradation of the Fishing Harbours and Fish Landing Centres in the

State will provide indirect employment to over 250000 fishermen every year.

Shore based facilities will be developed in 27 Fish Landing Centres.

More than 100000 people engaged in the marketing activity will be benefited by Market

infrastructure development.

A Fishing Harbour Authority will be set up as an autonomous society.

Flake Ice Plants and Chill Room facilities in major fishery harbours and fish landing

centres will be provided.

A state-level whole sale modern fish market at Bhubaneswar, 22 District level Markets

with 87 modern and hygienic retail fish marketing centres will be set up.

Odisha Fisheries Policy (2015)

Objectives/Goals

Enhancing the productivity and production of fish from the inland, brackish water and

marine resources and doubling the fish production in the next five years

Alleviating the incidence of poverty among fishers by offering them

alternative/supplementary employment opportunities, health care, communication and

sanitary facilities and quality education to children and youth.

Page 6 Q: What are spatial implications on settlement patterns

and migration when the target is to double fish

production in a period of 5 years?

Q: A spatial representation of underdeveloped

fishermen communities when superimposed with other

social and employment opportunities would prove to be

a strong too in their upliftment




Fisheries resource conservation, management and development through reforming and

strict enforcement of relevant Acts, Rules and Regulations, leasing policy.

Improving fisheries coherence, governance and re-defining resource access for fishers.

Q: Spatial planning of existing resources would lead to

sustainability of fishing plans

Key Issues: Inland Fisheries

Realistic Resource Assessment: For sustainable management of capture and culture

fisheries in the inland water bodies a reliable assessment of inland resources, including the

small water bodies, will be undertaken through a detailed survey using Remote Sensing

and Geographic Information System (GIS).

Capture Fisheries

Culture Based Fisheries in lakes/reservoirs

Aquaculture in tanks and ponds

Page 7 Q: Spatial Planning would be an automatic outcome of

realistic resource assessment

Q: How is clustering of development initiatives being

planned and monitored?

Key Issues: Sustainable Coastal Aquaculture

Realistic Resource Assessment: using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information

System (GIS).

Coastal Aquaculture clusters with logistics facilities and transport connectivity.

Page 10 Q: How is clustering of development initiatives being

planned?

Key Issues: Marine Fisheries

Coexistence of marine fishing and turtle breeding grounds

Page 11 Q: Spatial Planning is required to ensure the marine

fishing and turtle breeding grounds/other coastal eco-

sensitive areas do not conflict.


State Water Policy (2007)

State Water Plan: Order of priority in water allocation has been made in State Water Policy-

2007.

Page 4 Priority of allocation clearly defined as (1) Drinking

water and domestic use (2) Ecology (3) Irrigation,




agriculture and other related activities including

fisheries (4) Hydropower (5) Industries including

agro-industries (6) Navigation and other uses such as

tourism.

Development of Water Resources for Irrigation and Drainage.

Development of water resources will take into account all the available options such as surface

water, ground water and rain water harvesting for the most cost effective and sustainable

combination. The overall goal would be water security for all. Intrastate, inter basin transfer

of water from surplus areas to deficit areas will be planned taking into account the riparian

rights of the population and the environmental impact of such transfer....

Irrigation and drainage are inter-twined and the development of one should take into account

the development of the other. A master plan for improvement of the drainage system of the

State has been prepared in order to retrieve 1.95 lakh ha of water logged land for agriculture.

The plan would be further refined and converted into an action plan within the overall

purview of the State Water Plan. The drainage improvement measures would not only include

engineering interventions, it would also include adequate biological interventions and

appropriate land use plans for water-logged areas with people's participation.

Page 7 Focus on water balance with inter basin water

transfer if required

Interlinking major and medium irrigation projects for

wholistic development

Master plan for improving drainage system of water

logged land for agriculture

Resettlement and Rehabilitation

Development of water resources sometimes causes displacement of people.

The resettlement and rehabilitation component will form an integral part of every water

resource development project in keeping with the latest R&R Policy of the State. The

cost of R&R would be the first charge on the project and resettlement of the displaced

persons will precede completion of a project.

Page 10 Q: Is there a prioritisation for water resource/source

development and a spatial strategy to ensure the R&R?

Ground Water Development

… Degradation of Watershed (catchment) leads to reduction in the retention of water in the

catchment, which increases the frequency and intensity of floods. Concerted efforts would

Page 11 Q: How closely is disaster management and mitigation

plan integrated with the state water policy?




be made for proper management of watersheds as a non-structural measure of flood control

and drought mitigation...

Q: Are there any go no-go zones demarcated spatially to

ensure quality of watershed? What are the criteria for

delineating such zones?

Odisha State Urban Water Supply Policy (2013)

Q: How is the source augmentation planned for the

urban areas in the state? Is the investment priority given

to source augmentation likely to have an impact on

urbanisation pattern? How is the investment prioritised?


Industries Policy Resolution (2015)

Objectives

The IPR 2015 has been conceptualised with the aim of making Odisha a destination of

choice for the investors worldwide. The prime policy objectives are as under;

To transform Odisha into a vibrant industrialised State.

To promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth by attracting investments in a

systematic manner.

To specifically promote sectors in the priority category such as Information Technology

(IT)/Information Technology Enabled Services (ITES), Electronic System Design &

Manufacturing (ESDM), Biotechnology, Agro, Marine & Food Processing, Tourism,

Textiles & Apparel and automotive industries, which offer strong linkages to

employment generation and exports.

To promote direct employment intensive sectors.

Page 4 Focus on Industrialisation

Priority Sectors include IT/ITES, ESDM,

Biotechnology, Agro - Marine & Food Processing,

Tourism, Textile & Apparels and Automotive

Industries

Promote direct employment intensive sectors

Focus on MSME and downstream ancillary industries

Environmentally friendly and less polluting industries

Establish industrial infrastructure including industrial

parks




To maximise employment generation and enhanced employability through industry-

oriented skill development.

To encourage linkage between MSME and Large industries and make focused efforts

for development of ancillary and downstream industries.

To encourage establishment of environment friendly and less polluting industries.

To create a conducive business climate and effective institutional structure to facilitate

and encourage private sector investments.

To create quality external and internal infrastructure by establishing industrial parks

through public and private initiatives.

Strategy:

The new Industrial policy seeks to promote industrial development in the State to

optimally use the existing resource base of the State. The strengths of the State in terms

of physical advantages such as long coast line, strong manufacturing base, excellent

levels of support infrastructure, high base of entrepreneurial economy, good

governance etc. would all be used to its advantage. The new policy has identified and

developed a strategy which comprises the following:

Create an enabling environment for development of industrial and related social

infrastructure of international standards.

Create a level playing field for ail investors/private sector players by enhancing the

facilitation mechanism enabling them to do their business with ease and less transaction

cost.

Promote entrepreneurship development for broad based industrial development.

Promote ancillary and downstream industries /industrial parks.

Provide special incentive packages for promotion of priority sectors and MSMEs.

Make provision of world-class infrastructure facilities for industries with active

participation of private sector/industry/user industry.

Page 5 Promote entrepreneurship and focus on

MSME/downstream ancillary industries

Promote clusters/industrial parks for MSME and

downstream ancillary industries

Q: What is the spatial strategy to balance out the

development across the entire state?

Q: Does the state want to focus more on coastal

areas/vicinity to certain existing infrastructure/port

(major/minor) etc.?

Q: Direct employment generation with a focus on

IT/ITES/auto industries etc. would require extensive

focus on high quality of human resource availability, and

such investments tend to give impetus to larger urban

centres




Promote skill development in order to enhance the employability of local youth

especially women and also to make available ready-to-employ human resource to the

industry.

Put in place an effective grievance redressal mechanism for speedy project

implementation and also for addressing post implementation issues.

IPICOL has been functioning as the State Level Nodal Agency (SLNA) and Technical

Secretariat for SLSWCA. District Level Single Window Clearance Authority

(DLSWCA) is activated in all the districts. The Regional Industries Centres (RIC) and

District Industries Centres (DIG) are effectively taking on the functions of District

Level Nodal Agency (DLNA).

IPICOL as the SLNA shall be further strengthened to function as an effective one stop

shop for investors. Relevant provisions of Orissa Industries (Facilitation) Act 2004 shall

be used more effectively to improve the ease of doing business. Efforts shall be made

to accord all the required approvals within the specified time.

IPICOL shall develop and implement a web-based system to facilitate time bound

clearances to investment proposals, including facility for e-filing of Combined

Application Form (CAF), e-payment of processing fees and virtual single window

interface between investors and different clearance authorities by end of financial year

2015-16.

IPICOL shall establish a GIS based Comprehensive Industrial Data Bank for the use

of existing and prospective entrepreneurs, administrators and policy makers.

Page 7 Q: What sort of relationship (role, function, authority) etc.

does IPICOL have with DICs, RICs, DLSWCA?

Q: What implications would DICs and RICs have with the

state's focus on strengthening IPICOL as a single stop

shop?

Q: Does the GIS based portal as developed by IPICOL

guide the entrepreneurs in selecting a location for

investment or does it help the entrepreneur in identifying

an available plot on a location already chosen by them?

Industrial Development in Industrially Backward Districts

Government of Odisha will aim to provide enabling industrial infrastructure such as road

connectivity, power supply, water supply, Telecommunication and mobile connectivity etc.

and common facilities for storage, preservation and agri-marketing to promote

industrialisation and development in industrially backward districts of the State.

Government will identify potential sectors for each district and provide incubation support

to units in these sectors.

Page 9 Focus on industrial areas/infrastructure in backward

districts

Q: What is the average size of industrial areas in backward

districts?

Q: Do the industries come and setup in lands where they

want or has the government created landbanks with

infrastructure (ready to move) kind of industrial areas?




Non-mineral based new industrial units located in Industrially Backward districts with

minimum investment of Rupees Five crore in plant & machinery shall be treated as Priority

sector unit and be eligible for all incentives prescribed for the Priority sector.

Incentives on Land

Government land earmarked for industry under the "Land Bank" scheme of Odisha

Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (IDCO) and other Government land

wherever available may be allotted for industrial units, including infrastructure projects.

Government land will be alienated and transferred to IDCO for industrial and

infrastructure development at the following rates. IDCO will add its development cost and

administrative charges etc. to these rates and notify the final rates at which land will be

available to industrial units separately. Land rate shall be revised by Industries Department

in consultation with R&DM Department in every two years.

Page 10 Q: What is the criteria for identifying a particular

government owned land as industrial and not for any

other purpose (school, hospital, forest etc.)

Q: What is the distribution of such land parcels as per their

sizes and do they follow a spatial pattern?

Q: On first glance it seems that the concessional industrial

land rates provide a huge incentive on setting up industries

in backward areas, however, a closer look at the rates

reveal very high incentive for setting up large industries in

rural areas of districts with major towns/cities

IDCO will aim to aggregate government land suitable for establishment of industry to

create Land Banks to meet the requirements of Large: Micro, Small and Medium Units.

10 per cent of the land for large projects subject to an upper limit of 300 Acre shall be

earmarked for setting up ancillary and downstream industrial park.

New Industrial units and existing industrial units taking up

expansion/modernisation/diversification, new Industrial units and existing industrial

units in Priority Sector taking up expansion/modernisation/diversification will be

granted exemption under the provisions of clause - C of Section-73 of Orissa Land

Reforms (OLR) Act, 1960 from payment of premium, leviable under provisions of

clause - C of Section 8 {A) of the OLR Act.1960 on production of eligibility certificate

from the Director of Industries, Odisha for Large Industries and Medium Enterprises

and G.M . RIC/DIC for Micro and Small Enterprises as follows.

o Micro & Small Sector; 100 per cent up to 5 Acres

o Medium Sector: 75 per cent up to 25 Acres

o Large Sector: 50 per cent up to 500 Acres

Page 11 Focus on aggregating government land suitable for

establishment of industries

Focus on integrating large and MSME industries

(indicating a conscious effort to encourage larger

players to invest and create downstream opportunities




o Priority Sector: 100 per cent up to 100 Acres and 50 per cent for balance area

New MSMEs shall be exempted from the payment of electricity duty up to a contract

demand of 500 KVA for a period of 5 years from the date of availing power supply for

production.

New industrial units in the Priority Sector shall be exempted from payment of electricity

duty up to a contract demand of 5 MVA for a period of 5 years from the date of availing

power supply for production.

New & existing industrial units setting up Captive Power Plant with non-conventional

sources & biofuel shall be exempted from payment of 100 per cent Electricity Duty for

a period of 5 years from the date of commissioning as Green Energy Subsidy.

Page 13 Incentives for setting up MSMEs

Capital Grant to Support Quality Infrastructure

Government will support quality infrastructure in the form of a capital grant to industrial

parks/cluster parks promoted by private sector or industry association or user units in a

cluster format, with a grant of 50 per cent of the infrastructure cost with a ceiling of Rs.10

crore per park or cluster. In the case of upgradation of the existing parks/clusters the

government will provide a similar support of 50 per cent of total cost with a ceiling of Rs.5

crore provided the park/estate/cluster is user- managed.

Page 16 Incentives for cluster based developments instead of

individual units

In order to encourage retention and ensure security and safety of the workforce, the

government shall incentivise the units by providing land at 50 per cent of the prevailing

market rates of IDCO. The land shall only be utilised for setting up a workers hostel or

dormitory and shall not be utilised for any other purpose.

Page 20 Incentivise land by promoting rental housing facilities

for workers

Quality Infrastructure Support

Quality infrastructure support for both MSME and Large Sector shall be provided by

promoting new industrial parks/clusters/estates. As far as possible external infrastructure

to any industrial cluster/park will be funded on priority from ongoing schemes of concerned

departments. In order to meet the budgetary gap of any department to undertake an

infrastructure work, the lack of which may cause a bottle neck in the smooth provision of

Page 21 Focus on convergence to fund external infrastructure

for industrial areas/parks/clusters/large industrial

units

Dedicated substation provides for an incentive to

industrialisation




external infrastructure to any industrial park/cluster or estate promoted by IDCO or private

sector, the government shall set-up an exclusive Industrial Infrastructure Development

Fund (IIDF) with an initial corpus of Rs.100 (one hundred) crore. The fund shall be utilised

to develop quality/infrastructure like roads, power, water, waste management, etc. An

interdepartmental committee headed by Chief Secretary shall be constituted to approve the

proposals.

Provision of Sub-station for Industrial Parks

For an industrial park with energy requirement in excess of 20 MVA, GRIDCO/OPTCL

snail provide a sub-station (220 KV SS/110 KV SS depending on the power requirement)

at its cost with the approval of OERC. The land for the sub-station may be provided by the

IDCO/SPV/developer free of cost.

Industrial Estates

IDCO will aggregate Government land and create Land Banks in areas with potential

for industrial development. These Land Banks shall be converted into Industrial

Estates, Industrial Areas and Industrial Parks by provision of enabling infrastructure.

IDCO shall undertake a comprehensive Land Zoning Plan in respect of existing and

new Industrial Estates and Parks. It shall also bring out a comprehensive land

management regulation for industrial estates, parks, growth centres, etc with the

approval of Government in Industries Department. Orissa Industrial Infrastructure

Development Corporation (OIIDC) Act would be broadly aligned with the changing

needs in view of the emerging industrial scenario in the State.

A time bound action plan shall be drawn up and implemented for up gradation and

maintenance of infrastructure facilities in existing Industrial Estates, Parks. IID Centres,

and Growth Centres etc. of IDCO. Suitable financial and management models shall be

developed for this purpose.

Page 22 Aggregation of government area to create industrial

land bank

Q: What is the criteria for identifying a particular

government owned land as industrial and not for any

other purpose (school, hospital, forest etc.)?

Q: What are the guiding parameters for locating an

industrial areas?

Q: Are the three organisations economically sustainable or

dependent on budgetary resources?

Q: How are DPCs, MPCs and DTCP involved in the

planning and land bank identification and transfer

processes?

SEZs (Special Economic Zones)

The State Government recognises the potential of Special Economic Zones (SEZ) In

driving industrial/economic growth and facilitating exports. As part of its strategy for

Page 22 Focus on promoting SEZs




employment generation and export promotion, the State Government shall create an

enabling environment for establishment of the SEZs at different locations. Special

thrust shall be given to promoting IT & ITES, biotechnology, engineering, food

processing and textile & apparel industries and other priority sectors.

The State shall continue to support the implementation of the SEZs in a time bound

manner

The State Government have issued a separate policy for SEZs to provide fiscal and

non-fiscal incentives.

NIMZ (National Investment & Manufacturing Zones)

The Government of India came out with the National Manufacturing Policy (NMP) in

October 2011. One of the key features of NMP is the establishment of National investment

& Manufacturing Zones (NIMZ). The State has identified Kaiinga Nagar Industrial

Complex. Dhamra and Gopalpur as the proposed locations for NIMZ. The NIMZ shall be

developed as a greenfield/brownfield industrial cluster having state-of-the-art infrastructure

and offering business-friendly policies. The infrastructure would range from logistics,

power, skill development, public utilities, environment protection, which are the essential

requirements of a competitive manufacturing base.

Page 22 Three Location identified by state as NIMZ

PCPIR (Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemicals Investment Region)

The Government of Odisha has initiated steps to create mega integrated Petroleum,

Chemicals and Petrochemicals Investment Region (PCPIR) on 234 sq. km. in

Jagatsinghpur and Kendrapara districts. This will be the fourth PCPIR in the country

and IOCL is an anchor tenant in this PCPIR. It is setting up 15 MMTPA grass root

refinery - cum - petrochemical complex. A Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) ‘Paradeep

Investment Region Development Limited’ has also been formed for the

implementation of Infrastructure in the Region. Setting up of PCPIR would help units

to get the benefits of networking and greater efficiency through use of common

infrastructure and support services.

Page 23 A PCPIR is proposed over an area of 284 sq.km. in

Jagatsinhpur and Kendrapara districts.

Q: What is the basis of area delineation?

Q: Such a large area focusing on industries would lead to

large in migration, how are the base towns poised to

respond to the high immigration?

Q: Spatial Urbanisation strategy may be required for such

high levels of development investments




The SPV shall identify and acquire land for the purpose and identify potential tenant

industries based on the feed stock available from anchor industries. State Government

Agencies concerned and Central Institute of Plastic & Engineering Technology

(CtPET) shall also be involved in this project.

Ports

Apart from Dhamra, Gopalpur and Kirtania ports, which are being developed on PPP

mode, the Stale Government shall promote more ports and fishing harbours at suitable

locations for giving a thrust to economic activities in those regions. Special efforts shall also

be made to develop industrial areas in the hinterland of ports for enhancing their viability

and intensifying economic activities.

Government will, in due course, shall announce a Port Policy to incentivise investment in

ports in the State.

Page 23 Port based industrial areas

Social and Urban Infrastructure

Social and Urban Infrastructure is important to sustain industrial development. The

State Government intends to encourage investment in social and urban infrastructure

sectors in the Investment Regions, Hubs and Industrial Parks. There will be linkages

between industrial infrastructure and social & urban infrastructure to improve quality

of life of the inhabitants.

Special thrust shall be laid on promotion of high quality social infrastructure in the form

of schools, colleges, technical and professional institutions, hotels, multiplexes,

townships. commercial complexes, health-care facilities, leisure & entertainment

facilities, resorts, golf courses, tourism areas, etc.

IDCO may issue separate notifications for the rates for allotment of land to select

category of social infrastructure like educational and medical institutions.

Page 23 Focus on developing new urban centres in vicinity of

exiting towns

Likely to result in land use change in nearby regions

and villages

Likely that these towns would witness rapid growth of

population concentration due to improved

employments opportunities and service industries

Q: How is DTP involved in such planning and

prioritisation?

Q: What are the steps taken to ensure planned

urbanisation and controlling urban sprawl?Q: What is the

spatial strategy? Is there a development plan?

Q: For such large tracts of land, it would be difficult to

find areas that are economically less reproductive, i.e. it is

highly likely that the agricultural land gets acquired and/or

converted to non-agricultural uses.




Human Resource Development

The emergence of Odisha as a major industrial hub has necessitated elaborate planning for

quality manpower and Human Resource Development.

The State Government shall take-up the following activities to promote human resource

development:

Address the supply side and demand side issues of technical manpower.

Maximise industry-institution linkages by encouraging industries to adopt existing

technical institutions and to set up specialised advanced technical training institutions,

wherever feasible.

Promote setting-up of specialised Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and Skill

Development Centres (SDCs) based on requirements.

Closely work with various industries for identification/formulation of courses and

providing practical training to students.

Government will encourage opening of industrial Training Centre (ITC) in blocks

where such a facility does not exist.

Page 24 Q: Is there a tendency of industries to set up base near

already established urban centres or is the cost of land the

primary criteria? Wherein the skills development,

education, training etc. are successful in operating from

smaller urban centres?

Q: Is there any spatial pattern on quality of human

resources?

Q: What percentage of human resources are sourced from

within the district, region, state, country etc.

Focus Sectors till 2020

Auto and Auto Components

Downstream and Ancillary Industries

Agro and Food Processing

IT and EDSM

Tourism

Manufacturing in Aviation and Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) Facilities

Pharma

Handicrafts and Textiles

Petroleum Chemicals and Petrochemicals

10. Plastics and Polymers

Page 27-

30

Focus on:

Development of Auto Component clusters and Auto

Parks

Downstream of mineral industries (especially steel and

aluminium) and promoting MSME Clusters

Develop post-harvest infrastructure, marketing and

logistics infrastructure including cold storages,

storages, grading and sorting, packing unpacking hubs

Develop the existing 19 airstrips and 16 helipads

Cuttack Bhubaneshwar Pharmaceutical Cluster

Impetus to MSME Clusters

ICT Policy (2014)




Objectives

To promote Odisha as an attractive investment destination for IT/ITES/ESDM

companies by providing them with a congenial, industry friendly and proactive

industrial climate and making infrastructure, supporting facilities and pool of trained

manpower available for entrepreneurs at affordable cost.

To create employment opportunities for the youth and to improve their employability

through IT educational initiatives and industry focused curriculums to help them

participate in the IT revolution, derive economic benefits and eventually become self-

reliant.

To make Government more accessible to citizens and empowering them through

enhanced access to information while improving governance through the use of IT and

enhancing the quality of services to citizens.

To promote new IT/ITES destinations across the state by providing assistance in

setting up quality IT infrastructure including IT parks.

To create world class ICT infrastructure for seamlessly connecting and integrating all

ICT operators, Service Providers, Government, Regulators and end users.

To create "Brand Odisha" for IT/ITES/ESDM Industries across the globe.

Page 1 Impetus to IT/ITES/ESDM sector through

investments in creating proactive IT Ecosystem,

infrastructure, pool of human resources

Focus on E-Governance and IT integration to all

government levels and departments

Focus on setting up IT/ITES Parks

Target 2020

To attract 10 leading IT/ITES & 5 leading ESDM companies to the State

To achieve a gross ICT Turnover (including exports of software and IT Services,

ESDM, Domestic consumption and Training) of USD 4 Billion (INR 24,000 Crores)

To achieve direct employment of 60,000 professionals in 800IT/ITES/ESDM units.

To create a built-up space of 60 lakh square feet and a developed land bank of 2000

acres for IT/ITES/ESDM sectors.

Page 1 Focus on IT/ITES Parks - 6 million sq. ft. of space to

be developed, and 2000 acres of land bank

Mega IT Projects

Focus on Level II Cities

Q: The focus on level 2 cities for promoting IT/ITES

would result in a substantial impetus to the urbanisation

process in the level 2 cities. Which cities are being

focussed on? How are colleges, universities, housing and

urban amenities being planned spatially as well as

economically to ensure that the influx of new population

would be provided adequate facilities




Allotment of Government Land

Government would encourage the IT/ITES/ESDM units initially to start with Incubation

Centre/Operation from IT Parks/Hired Space. After attaining prescribed minimum

employee strength as mentioned below, the unit will be eligible for applying for Land to

build their own facility.

At each District headquarters, the District Administration would reserve between 10-20

acres of land for development of IT/ITES industries at each District Headquarter or Urban

area in the district in case of non-availability of land in the headquarters. The quantum of

land allocation to an IT unit will be linked with employment generation and growth

projection.

Page 9-10 Focus on Level 2 cities is likely to concentrate

urbanisation in such cities

Highly likely that urban growth would intensify in and

around these nodes of industrial development


and villages

Q: There are over 30 such towns, how has the government

prioritised investment locations

Land in the ITIR

The State Government of Odisha is in process of setting up of an IT Investment Region

(ITIR) south of Bhubaneswar for IT/ITES/ESDM units.

Government will earmark land inside ITIR, for various categories of Industries like small,

medium and large IT/ESDM units in various sectors, so as to create a balanced industrial

eco-system. The government would also provision part of the area for support

infrastructure and facilities like education, healthcare, retail, entertainment, housing,

banking etc. For linkage with external infrastructure, it would provide specific focus on

transport and safety.

Page 10 Focus on Bhubaneshwar may result in investors to

concentrate an already developed centre.

Q: What competition can other locations offer?

Subsidies, certifications, FSI relaxation, Duty exemptions, tax rebates, incentives in power Page 10-

13

The subsidies, certifications, relaxations, exemptions,

rebates and incentives being offered are all across state

irrespective of location, the state is not trying to focus

the benefits to one location only.

Q: Is this a conscious decision of the state, or are there

some other specific benefits in addition to above that are

being offered at Bhubaneshwar

Strategic Roadmap for Development of ESDM Sector in Odisha




Location found suitable for ESDM Clusters:

Khurda (Near Bhubaneshwar)

Berhampur (Ganjam District)

Rourkela (Sundergarh District)

Balasore

Rayagada

Land requirements in Phase wise in acres

Phase 1 (2016-18): 105

Phase 2 (2019-21): 400

Phase 3 (2022-24): 405

Total (2016-2024): 910

Initial Cluster formation at Khurda (Infovalley), Bhubaneswar and Berhampur (Ganjam

district), Rourkela (Sundergarh district), Balasore, Rayagada follows.

Khurda: land requirement 105+ 285+ 250 = 640 acres in 3 phases where 160 acres is already

allotted for ESDM

Page 10 It is estimated that the total human resources attracted

to the ESDM Cluster at Khurda near Bhubaneshwar is

50-60 thousand.


and villages





prioritisation?


urbanisation and controlling urban sprawl?

Q: What is the spatial impact of such large inflow of

population?

Q: Is this in-migration to Bhubaneshwar from the Odisha

or from other parts of nearby states or India as well.

Odisha Draft Start up Policy (2016)

Focus on promoting at least 1000 start ups by 2020 by

targeting universities, innovation parks, industry

groups, sector specific incubators to nurture and

incubate start ups

Cities identified for Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT

Mission to designate area for development of start-ups

Policy for Special Economic Zones (2015)

Land: Page 7 State to acquire, collate and transfer land to SEZ

Developer on lease hold basis




The Government land, Odisha Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation

(IDCO) land and private land acquired by the Government or any of its agency (ies)

shall be transferred to the SEZ Developer on lease hold basis. The Developer of the

SEZ will be competent to transfer the land by way of sub-lease to

persons/entrepreneurs who hold a valid letter of approval issued by the Development

Commissioner. The lessor shall have the right of resumption if the land is not used for

the purpose it was leased out within a period of five years and there shall be no

extension or it cannot be diverted for other purposes by the lessee.

Government Land shall be provided to SEZ Developers at concessional rates as per

prevailing IPR rates and IDCO Land shall be leased as per the applicable rates.

However, for SEZ proposal within limits of Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation &

Cuttack Municipal Corporation, Government land shall be provided as per the

applicable rates notified by Government.

The Government will enable availability of required land for a SEZ through direct

purchase by the Developer or lease of Government land or that of any of its agencies

or through acquisition under the applicable Act/Rules or a combination of any of these

and while doing so, direct purchase and acquisition through consent will be the first

recourse.

When private agricultural land is purchased or acquired, the approach shall be to

purchase or acquire the least agriculturally productive land.

The use of land for a SEZ will be permitted by ensuring that the project causes

minimum displacement and other forms of adverse impact on the human livelihood.

The State Government shall recommend on priority those applications proposing to

set up SEZs using barren, waste land and non-forest Government land.

Those proposing to set up SEZ on surplus land owned/possessed by either private or

public sector undertakings will also be considered by the State Government on priority

for recommendation.

If transferred land is not used for a period of five years,

the lessor shall not extend the lease

Concessional rates for setting up SEZs




and villages

Q: What are the criteria and spatial criteria and weightages

to ensure that the least agriculturally productive land is

being used for SEZ Development?

Q: What is the basis of classifying land as barren,

wasteland or non-forest government land? is it remote

sensing-based satellite imagery or only government

recorded revenue data/map?




The State shall give preferential treatment to 5EZs dedicated to Thrust and Priority

sectors as per extant of Industrial Policy Resolution as well as large employment

generating sectors such as shipbuilding, heavy & light engineering goods etc.

Odisha MSME Development Policy (2016)

Capacity Building & Skill Development

The MSME Department shall strive to maximise Industry ~ Institution linkage by

entrepreneurial education through empanelled Project Institutes such as Institutes of Higher

learning, ITIs, and Entrepreneurship Development Centres under the National Scheme on

Entrepreneurship Development.

The Technical Institutions/Project Implementing Agencies shall be encouraged through

Director, Technical Education & Training/Director, Employment to assist

MSMEs/MSME Associations in skill development, product/process development,

research & innovation.

Page 4 Q: What is the spatial strategy for locating capacity

development and skill development institutes? Has it been

successful? Has it had any impact on Urbanisation or

migration pattern?

Q: Are these training institutes located only in District

headquarters or leading cities/towns?

Cluster Development

Often MSMEs are of smaller in size and have limitation in achieving economy of scale,

negotiation, specialization, access to strategic information, which restrict them in

achieving the expected level of business. Cluster approach envisages overcoming such

limitations and maximising their opportunities.

Based on concentration of industrial activities, initially a list of 54 potential clusters

(Annexure IV) has been identified for interventions.

Cluster Development Cell of the Directorate of Industries will be strengthened.

Induced clusters of Ancillary/Downstream/other enterprises shall be promoted at

industrial hubs vis. Kalinganagar, Paradeep, Dhamra, Gopalpur,

Angul, Dhenkanal, Sambalpur, Jharsuguda, Rayagada and Keonjhar.

Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) formed by MSMEs for the purpose of cluster

development and development of common facilities/infrastructure shall be eligible for

gap-funding support, after availing CFC grants from Government of India Schemes.

Page 4 Focus on Cluster Approach

54 potential clusters to be setup in the policy period of

5 years




and villages





prioritisation?


urbanisation and controlling urban sprawl?




Q: What are the Spatial linkages/patterns for clusters that

focus on cashew, engineering, rice-based products,

pharmaceutical, plastic and polymer, readymade garments,

agro & food processing, stone wares etc.?

Q: How are raw material, water, electricity, connectivity

etc. planned in spatial context?

Marketing Assistance and Export Promotion Page 6 Focus on marketing platforms at district level and

pitching to international market with a strong brand

identity of Odisha

Odisha Food Processing Policy (2016)

To set up Food Processing Parks at Deogarh, Bhadrak, Bargarh, Nawrangpur (Maize

Park), Sambalpur, Ganjam, Bolangir, Kandhamal and Kalahandi.

To facilitate & monitor establishment of Mega Food Parks (under development) at

Deras (Khordha) by IDCO & Rayagada by MITS.

To facilitate development of common infrastructure near the existing food processing

clusters.

Page 2 Focus on Cluster Approach




and villages

Q: What are the spatial linkages/patterns for clusters that

focus on cashew, rice based products, other agro & food

processing, stone wares etc.?

Q: How are raw material, water, electricity, connectivity

etc. planned in spatial context?

Odisha Biotechnology Policy (2016)

Establish Regional Biotechnology Parks, Bio-Clusters, Biotechnology Centres of

Excellence, Biotechnology Enterprise & Skill Development Schools (BESD), and

Incubation Centres in Universities/Institutes/Industries/Agencies and Thematic

Biotechnology Parks in the priority areas like Agriculture, Animal Husbandry & Human

Health.

Page 6 Focus on setting up dedicated centres/clusters for

biotech research, development and business

Q: Where are the proposed Biotech Park, regional biotech

park and thematic biotech parks located other than

Bhubaneshwar? What were the spatio-temporal criteria

for identification of location and availability of human and




other resources in terms of skills, education, knowledge,

etc. considered


Odisha Port Policy

Port Profile of Odisha Page 3 There is one major port (Paradeep) and 12 minor ports

in Odisha of which one (Gopalpur Port) has been

developed as a fair-weather port, one (Dharma Port) is

under development (partially operational) and rest of

the ten are yet to be developed.

Firstly, the logic of locating major industries near ports is clear, since the large business

establishments want to import industrial raw materials and export their finished

products and require easy access to the international markets, through viable and

economic sea routes.

The second major advantage is that Orissa has a vast hinterland generating cargo,

comprising of the developing Eastern and Central Indian States. Exports and imports

of food grains, mineral sands, raw materials, finished goods, fertilisers and edible oils

and petroleum products, by the large industrial houses located in the hinterland offer

long term potential for cargo. Any economic development taking place in the hinterland

States would have a direct bearing on the ports in Orissa.

In the recent past, new and improved technological developments have occurred in the

global shipping scenario, especially in the field of container handling equipment and in

the new port layout to accommodate container traffic. These technological

Page 5 Focus on promoting port based industrial areas

Focus of being nodal state offering port to hinterland

(Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh,

Maharashtra and Telangana)

Integrate Inland Waterways with port facilities




developments demand new institutional set-up to capture the flow of major

investments in the State's port sector.

The port locations and the perennial riverine systems of Orissa are ideally situated to

adapt to the current developments in technology, in the areas of communication,

automation, cargo handling and ship technology. It is in this perspective that the

Government of Orissa, by evolving an integrated strategy, intends to implement its

vision.

Dhamra port, a green field project has already been handed over to a private developer.

International Seaports Company (ISP), Singapore, for the establishment of a major port

of international standards and the preliminary works are in progress.

Objectives:

The following objectives are identified for the new port policy:

To increase Orissa's share in the export and import sector, in national and international

trade and commerce, by taking advantage of the liberalisation and globalisation process.

To decongest the existing major ports, by developing minor ports, on the Eastern

coastal region, so as to cater to the needs of increasing volumes of international and

domestic traffic.

To handle 70-80 MT of Cargo by 2006 in the port sector, in Orissa, as envisaged by the

Government of India. Ministry of Shipping,

To provide port facilities to promote export-oriented and port-based industries, which

constitute the major chunk of industrial investment.

To encourage shipbuilding, ship repairing, and ship breaking and to establish

manufacturing facilities for heavy industries, in and around ports.

To provide facilities for coastal shipping of passengers and inter-State

cargo traffic and further extension of these services to West Bengal,

Andhra Pradesh. Tamil Nadu etc.

To take up suitable facilitating measures as well as policy initiatives for attracting private

sector investments in the development and operation of existing and new minor ports.

Page 6-7 Focus on shipbuilding, ship repairing and ship breaking

Promote Heavy Industrial Area in and around the ports

Coastal shipping (passenger and interstate cargo)

Attract private sector investment

Interlink Inland waterways and ports

Q: Odisha coastal area has environmentally sensitive zones,

the plans for any coastal industrial area, ship manufacturing

repairing, or breaking areas might result in serious conflicts

and would need detailed spatial as well as environmental

assessment

Q: Setting up industrial areas is equivalent to promoting

urbanisation/settlements in that area, if most of the new

industrial areas are proposed in the coastal belt in vicinity

of the port, the settlement/urbanisation pattern in Odisha

would change and also result in migration. This has spatial

implications that need to be looked into for ensuring

sustainable planning.




To establish connectivity of the ports with the riverine systems so as to increase the

transportation of cargo through inland waterways.

Strategy

All this envisages an integrated port development strategy, consisting of creation of port

facilities and development of infrastructure facilities, like roads, railways and inland

waterways, in the hinterland. Large-scale financial outlays would be required to create these

new facilities, along with matching infrastructure. In view of the fact that cape size ships are

used in the transportation, to capture the economies of scale, ports would be developed,

with direct berthing and speedy mechanical handling facilities, so as to improve turnaround

of ships.

Page 7 Focus on developing infrastructure facilities like roads,

railways and other logistics facilities including container

freight stations.

Identified areas for investment:

private investment/PPP to complete incomplete jetties

identification of new port locations to handle petroleum products and liquefied chemicals

Page 9 Q: Odisha coastal area has environmentally sensitive zones,

plans for petroleum and chemical handling terminals might

result in serious conflicts and would need detailed spatial as

well as environmental assessment

Draft Infrastructure Policy (2001)

The State Government will identify and offer projects for private investment and also

declare few selected sectors as an Industry which shall be notified from time to time. A 10-

year perspective plan called Vision 2010 will be prepared identifying projects from various

sectors to be offered on private sector participation. Sector-wise action plan would be

prepared.

Page 1 An update in the form of vision 2030/2036 was

proposed in 2016, does it have any spatial planning

representation as part of it?

Odisha Renewable Energy Policy (2016)

Preamble:

Renewable energy assumes great significance in the wake of huge demand of electricity

throughout the country outstripping the supply, which is being largely met from coal based

thermal generation. Although Odisha has large deposits of power grade coal in Talcher and

IB Valley Areas which has attracted a number of thermal generating plants both in the

private and public sector, a commensurate effort is required to ramp up generation from

Page 3 Focus on promoting renewable energy in addition to

coal based thermal power generation




renewable energy sources also. The Government of Odisha (GoO) had issued Policy

Guidelines on Power Generation from Non-Conventional Energy Sources vide

Notification No.6971 /ST, Bhubaneswar, ST-IV-RE-13/2005, dated the 3rd December,

2005 with an objective to reduce dependence on conventional sources of power generation,

protecting the environment, generation of employment in large scale, generation of grid-

quality power, encourage entrepreneurial investment, and to extend such rational fiscal and

promotional incentives so as to provide conducive atmosphere to attract private investment.

Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO):

All Obligated Entities in the State are required to purchase quantum of renewable energy as

prescribed by OERC in its Regulations Under Section 86(1)(e) of the Electricity Act 2003.

The Odisha Electricity Regulatory Commission (OERC) has also issued OERC

[Procurement of Energy from Renewable Sources and its Compliance] Regulations, 2015

for purchase of electricity from Renewable Energy sources, making it mandatory for the

obligated entities to source a certain percentage of their power purchase from Renewable

Energy sources.

According to the revised National Tariff Policy notified on 28ih January, 2016, the RPO

percentage will reach 8 per cent for Solar and 9 per cent for Non-Solar Power by the year

2022 (leaving hydro consumption]. According to the demand forecast done by the STU

(OPTCL), the requirement of Solar & Non-Solar Power will reach up to 1850 MW & 600

MW respectively by the year 2022. Further, MNRE has communicated the cumulative Solar

Power capacity addition target as 2191 MW by the year 2022 keeping in view the revised

National Tariff Policy 2016.

Hence, developing alternative power through renewable energy sources has become urgent

and the Odisha Renewable Energy Policy needs to be viewed from that angle. Over last few

years, many developments have taken place necessitating a strong policy push to propel the

growth of various renewable energy sources in Odisha. The present Policy had been framed

against these developments and backdrop in line with the GOI Framework under the

Electricity Act 2003 and the National Tariff Policy.

Page 3-4 Central government regulations as well as state

government regulations necessitate purchase of

renewable energy, target for 2022 is 8 per cent solar

power and 9 per cent non-solar renewable energy

(excluding hydro-power)

Q: Such drastic increase in renewable source necessitates

investments in generation capacity. Where are the new

solar, wind, tidal, hydroelectric etc. power plants proposed

to be located? Is the existing spatial network of Odisha

Electricity transmission adequate to cater to the RE

production?




Solar

Land based Solar Projects

Projects Utilising water Bodies

Projects on Consumer Side of Meter

Solar Parks

Page 9-11 IDCO has identified large chunks of land under Land

Bank Scheme

Q: What was the criteria for identification of such land

parcels/land banks? Are these wastelands, non-utilisable

for any other purpose/economic use/benefits

Reservoirs/Lakes/canals/storage ponds to be

considered for coverage by solar panels/floating solar

panels

Q: GEDCOL has been assigned to coordinate the

land/water bodies’ survey and approvals from relevant

departments. Which are the relevant departments, what is

the coordination framework and is there a spatial pattern

to identification of land/water bodies for the said purpose?

Q: GEDCOL is also in charge of developing large/mega

solar parks, the land bank available with GEDCOL may be

allotted to solar park developments for a minimum

installation capacity of 10 MW and a maximum of 30 per

cent land area to one developer up to a maximum of 5

acres/MW.

Q: On what basis has such land been identified? Is it the

best use for the land parcel or is it only based on available

government land?

Wind

Wind Resource Assessment

Selection of developer and allotment of projects

Page 14-

15

Q: Is there any spatial mapping undertaken for potential

areas for wind farms

Bio-mass:

Identification of Biomass Catchments

selection of development and allotment of projects

Page 16 Spatial opportunities and constraints to be identified for

supply chain linkages and biomass catchments




Land requirements

Sale of power

Wasteland and fallow lands to be allocated to eligible

developers for raising energy plantations

Translates to change in agriculture pattern, forest

pattern and grasslands

Q: What impact would waste land and fallow land

allocation have on ecology, agriculture pattern, replacing of

farming for food by farming for fuel.

Q: What locations have been identified for such purpose?

Q: Would it be necessary to ensure that the support price

for such crops should be lower than other food/cash

crops?

Q: How is department of Agriculture involved/considered

during decision making? Is there a committee with

representation from all relevant

departments/stakeholders?

Waste to Energy

Availability of land for Solid waste

Page 17 Q: Is the spatial mapping undertaken to ensure that the

catchment area of the solid waste type and quantity would

suffice the WTE plant location?

Solar Water Pumping for Irrigation, Drinking Water Supply etc.

An SPV water pumping system consists of an SPV array of 200-5000 W capacity. The array

is connected to a DC or AC pump of matching capacity that can be surface mounted,

submersible or floating type. The SPV array converts the sun light into electricity and

delivers it to run the motor with mono block DC pump. In case of AC pump an inverter is

used to convert DC output of the array into AC. No storage battery is required in this type

of pump. The normal pumping head is 10 m -100 m. This is most suitable for inaccessible

areas where decentralised application is necessary and where grid is unstable.

Page 19 Solar water pumping for irrigation can be a threat to

ground water table if not incentivised properly. With

high subsidy on solar water pumps making them

popular and energy being effectively free, incidences of

indiscriminate pumping of water can result in lower

water tables and lower agriculture productivity in the

longer run. It should be incentivised with micro-

irrigation techniques in tandem.

Odisha State Road Project




In 2009, OSRP included construction of roads which are busy in state for a length of 461

km. 303 km have been used in

Berhampur – Taptapani (41 km)

Bhawanipatna – Khariar (68 km)

Chandabali – Bhadrak – Anandapur (88 km)

Jagatpur – Chandbali (106 km)

Presently, the proposal is to improve 600km of roads and widening of narrow culverts under

this project with a budget of 1290 crore rupees.

Major Focus on widening and upgradation of roads to

corridors

Focus on National and State Highways

Q: Is road hierarchy balanced with settlement hierarchy

throughout the state?

Q: Does spatial representation of roads hierarchy and

settlement hierarchy indicate any pattern?

Q: How are projects prioritised? Is spatial intelligence and

planning incorporated as part of the same?

Odisha State Highway Development Programme

State Highways play major role in economic development of the people as it connects

major & important places of the State as well as neighbouring States. Also, development

of these roads will improve tourism activities in the State as it connects major tourist

places, reduce Left wing extremism activities.

This scheme has been envisaged with a target of improving and widening of all state

highways to 2-lane corridors from its existing single/intermediate lane carriageway.

Up to end of 2016-17, 1213.00 km road length has been developed to 2-lane standard

with expenditure of Rs.2004 crore & 532 km is in progress.

During 2017-18, there is budget provision of Rs.500.00 crore for development of

another 500.00 m & to take up balance length of 413Km for 2-lanning.

Major Focus on widening and upgradation of roads to

corridors

Focus on National and State Highways

Q: Is road hierarchy balanced with settlement hierarchy

throughout the state?

Q: Does spatial representation of roads hierarchy and

settlement hierarchy indicate any pattern?

Q: How are projects prioritised? Is spatial intelligence and

planning incorporated as part of the same?

Special Central Assistance for Vijayawada – Ranchi Corridor

The objective of this project is to facilitate development of Naxal prone areas in order to

bring the inhabitants who are mainly poor tribe's to join the main stream of Society.

Development of this corridor will reduce Left Wing Extremism activities in those areas.

Besides, or implementation of this project, a through connection will be available from

Vijayawada to Ranchi with accessibility to the vulnerable areas, which will open the new

prospect of development in this areas equitable development of the un-development areas

The project has large potential to impact the spatial

development pattern in Odisha, with lesser conflicts in

backward regions, the chances of improved economic

prospects would be high.




presently deprived of basic necessities and removal of the regional disparities with improved

road connectivity.

Work Department had taken up the entire length of 962.70 km at a sanctioned cost of

Rs.2140.82 crore through various schemes. Out of this 962.70 km, State NH wing is

executing a length of 186.75 km & State Roads wing is executing a length of 775.95 km. By

the end of 2016-17, 785.51 km has been completed & balance 177.19 km is in progress. The

project Corridor will be completed by 2019

Q: Has the state planned/prioritised settlement pattern,

support infrastructure and other economic and social

facilities and opportunities in spatial terms?


Draft Odisha State Forest Policy

Vision and objectives

The overall vision for forest sector is ‘the Conservation of state’s rich bio-diversity and

forest with active participation of local communities for ecological security, livelihood for

the forest fringe dwellers, and production of goods for meeting people’s needs with the

support of an effective/vibrant processing and marketing network facilitated by a well-

structured and enabled forestry organisation.’

Consistent with the above vision, the state forest policy has the following objectives:

To improve the existing forest cover, and enhance their productive capacity for

ecological security.

To strengthen the conservation measures in protected areas and community reserves

for maintaining state’s rich biological diversity and gene pool with the active

participation of local communities.

To conserve & expand mangroves and coastal shelter belt plantations to mitigate the

severity of natural calamities.

Page 3 Focus in improving existing forest cover

Strengthen conservation measures for bio-diversity

Conserve and expand mangrove belt as a natural buffer

to coastal calamities

Convert shifting cultivation (Jhoom) to stable land use

systems

Promote Trees Outside Forests

Promote Land Use and Land Cover Planning and

Management in peripheral and non-forest areas in

general




To manage the forests based on the principles of sustainable forest management with

active community participation to leverage certified forests and processed forest

products for higher economic returns to the forest dependent communities.

To convert shifting cultivation or podu areas into a stable land use system by adopting

appropriate agro-forestry practices.

To promote tree cultivation outside forests to meet the growing demand of timber,

firewood and industrial wood and thereby reduce pressure on natural forests, and also

help in climate change mitigation.

To promote appropriate land use and land use changes that provide low cost options

for mitigating the consequences of climate change.

To build up the capacities of forest dependent communities through skill development

and adoption of appropriate technology complementing indigenous knowledge systems

to access alternative livelihood options for enhancing income and reduced subsistent

dependence on forest

Area under forest

Forest area of the state is already more than the area prescribed in the NFP, 1988.

Efforts, therefore, will be made to bring improvement in its health and structure through

appropriate protection and eco-restoration measures.

Discrete forest lands will be consolidated in contiguity of existing notified forest blocks

to convert them into viable units of forests for proper management.

The provisions of Orissa Forest Act, 1972 will be extended to such forest areas that

hitherto have remained outside its purview to prevent encroachment and degradation

and to incident management interventions for qualitative improvement.

Page 4 Focus on increasing and consolidating land under forests

Wildlife & Biodiversity Conservation

All protected areas will be managed through approved management plans to ensure

biodiversity conservation.

Page 6 Boundaries to be rationalised to exclude human

habitations (as far as possible)

Identify critical ecosystems and declare them as

conservation or community reserves




Boundaries of protected areas will be rationalised to ensure, as far as possible, exclusion

of human habitations to assure them their inalienable rights vital for success of

conservation efforts.

Conservation efforts will be supplemented outside protected areas by declaring

identified critical ecosystems as ‘conservation reserve’ or ‘community reserve’ where

ever feasible.

Corridors between national parks, sanctuaries, forests and other protected areas will be

identified and established to maintain genetic continuity of flora and fauna, and minimise

straying of wild animals in to human habitation

Stakes of communities in conservation efforts will be strengthened and ensured through

their active involvement in eco-development committees and by partnering them in

ecotourism and other activities.

Efforts will be made to minimise Man-Animal conflict through adaptive practices for

mutually beneficial co-existence.

Ecological corridors between National parks,

sanctuaries, forests etc. to promote continuity of flora

and fauna

Minimise man-animal conflicts

Q: Are the spatial representations of ecological corridors

available with all other departments and regular

committee/meetings/stakeholder workshops undertaken

to ensure that developments are in line with the plans?

Q: What is the impact of biodiversity boards in managing

above and addressing conflicts pertaining to agricultural

practices?

Diversion of Forests Land

Diversion of forest land coming within ecologically sensitive zone and dense and very dense

categories will be discouraged. Sacrifice of forest cover for mining operation will be

minimised by making underground operation obligatory. Formal community consultation

shall be a prerequisite for any proposal of diversion of forest land and loss of livelihood

will be compensated through site specific rehabilitation plans.

Page 6 Q: How is the direct impact on mining and feasibility of

deposits for future mining integrated in the spatial plans

prepared as part of forest management plans

Increasing Forest Cover and Tree Cover

Forest Extension

Page 7-9 Convergence with other schemes like MGNREGA

Odisha Forest Vision (2020)

Improved forest Extent and conditions

Sustainable Forest Management

Non-Timber Forest Products and Wood

Bio Diversity Conservation Strategy

Focus on

Increasing and consolidating land under forests and trees

Wider protected area networks

Conservation outside protected areas




Local Governance and Participatory Forestry


Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project

The duration of the project is for a period of 5 years starting from September, 2010. The

Department of Forest & Environment, Government of Odisha is the Nodal

Department for implementation of this five year project in Odisha which has been

extended for another 2 years by Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change,

Government of India till December 2017.

The ICZM (O) project has been conceived with an objective to facilitate the

development and implementation of an integrated management strategy for the coastal

zone, by adopting a broad perspective and a multi-sectoral approach, to ensure wise use

of coastal resources, perpetual maintenance of high level of biodiversity , conservation

of critical habitats and to maintain their ecological integrity including sustainable coastal

fishery, protection from extreme weather events, nature based tourism, and

infrastructure development.

To pursue mangrove planation as an alternative to safeguard resources through

recreating a new patch of green cover outside the demarcated forest area at the mouth

of Chilika lake.

Primary objective of biodiversity conservation planned to establish mangrove zones

across its project areas from Gopalpur to Chilika and from Paradip to Dhamara.

Feasible lands identified for mangrove plantation are at Arakhakuda village in Puri

district, Tarapada village and Itakandia village in Kendrapara district measuring –

94.12ha, 8.328 ha, 3.0 ha respectively.

Bio Shield, underground cabling, shelters, wind brakes,

flood brakes have direct implication on land and change

in land use




30,000 disaster resilient houses have been taken up under this Project (ODRP) within 5

km from the High Tide Line (HTL) in Ganjam, Khordha & Puri Districts of Odisha.

Improved public infrastructure will reduce vulnerability through improved drainage to

reduce floods, and increasing the resilience of public service infrastructure. It has

following four sub-components: (i) upgrading of slums; (ii) public service infrastructure;

(iii) community participation; and (iv) technical assistance.

Project is being implemented in Ganjam district covering 107 villages & 16,981

Beneficiaries in 104 relocation sites. Beneficiaries ranging from 50 to 1000 are

accommodated in the relocated sites. These habitations will be developed into model

villages with all basic community infrastructures like approach road, internal road, piped

water supply, electricity & complete sanitation measures. In Khordha almost all 236

beneficiaries are constructing their houses in-situ.

Q: A major part of Odisha is vulnerable to natural

calamities, spatial distribution indicates development within

5 km from HTL (coastal area), similar projects may need to

be taken up in other districts and flood prone areas as well.

A spatial plan integrating Vulnerable zones with settlement

patter is likely to assist in prioritisation of investments and

interventions.


Odisha Tourism Policy (2016)

Introduction

… Odisha, the soul of Incredible India has tremendous potential in tourism sector, because

of its golden history, strategic geographical location, diverse demography and profound

bounties of nature. Puri, the shrine of Lord Jagannath, one of the oldest pilgrimage centres,

famous for the Car festival, attracts lakhs of pilgrims round the year. The world famous Sun

Temple, a UNESCO heritage sites at Konark (12m century), the temple city of Bhubaneswar

(9m century) & Puri (11th century) are widely popular as the golden triangle which draws

tourists, both domestic & international in hordes.

Page 1-2 Odisha tourism offers:

Eco-Tourism

Heritage/Archaeological Tourism

Cultural Tourism

Religious Tourism

Beach Tourism




Odisha has a long tradition of Buddhism starting from 1st century BC. The Golden

Casket containing the Buddhist relics, excavated Buddhist Stupas, Monasteries &

Viharas discovered at Lalitagiri, Ratnagiri & Udayagiri are famous, all over the world.

The Ashokan rock inscriptions of 3rd Century BC at Dhauli whe^e the historic war of

Kalinga was fought is the testimony to the existence of strong Buddhist tradition in

Odisha. In addition, as many as 200 Buddhist heritage sites have also been identified in

different parts of the State.

The State is bestowed with profound bounties of nature. Odisha is India's bridge to her

own golden past and a resurgent present. The grand scenic beauty of nature, historic

monuments, exotic sea beaches, luxuriant forest, majestic mountains, captivating

wildlife, mystic waterfalls, beautiful handicrafts, vast water bodies, famous classical and

folk dances, enchanting music and most importantly, its hospitable people are the

wonders that make the State as the supreme tourism destination of the world.

Land:

Department of Tourism shall identify & earmark suitable land parcels in important tourist

locations for development of tourism projects. The detail land schedule reserved for the

tourism projects shall be available in Departmental website which will be allotted to private

sector investors through a transparent mechanism after studying techno-economic

feasibility & employment generating potential of the concerned projects.

Page 5 Q: Spatial Planning for circuits may prove to be extremely

important for ensuring synergies in development, as each

tourism circuit is likely to have a set of destination

towns/villages and a base town city.

Road Transport:

Department of Tourism shall identify important state highways, roads connecting important

tourist destination and recommend the appropriate department for widening, beautification

& high-quality maintenance of these roads. The Government shall encourage private sector

for providing tourist amenities centre like public convenience, parking, cafeteria, souvenir

shop, medical facilities etc. alongside important roads. The State will encourage private

sector investment for boosting the transport service for various categories of tourists.

Air Connectivity:

Page 5 Q: Tourism destination development involves improving

destination facilities, last mile connectivity as well as

regional infrastructure development

Q: What is the spatial strategy being used to prioritise the

investments and developments for tourism purposes?

Q: How are the tourism development interventions likely to

impact the urbanisation process, infrastructure

development, impact on handicraft industries/MSME

clusters, water and other amenities requirements/demands?




The State Government shall endeavour to have direct air connectivity to important cities

and major tourist destinations of the country. State Government shall encourage developing

small air strips inside the state on PPP mode. Thrust shall be on providing more

international air linkage, to Bhubaneswar by alluring Airlines through underwriting of

tickets/incentives or any other mode as may be necessary to increase foreign tourist arrival

in the State.

Rail Connectivity:

The State Government shall pursue with the Indian Railway for expansion of railway

network inside the State especially to the important tourist destinations. Efforts shall also

be made to pursue Ministry of Railway for providing more superfast/luxury/special train to

different important tourist destination of the State. The State shall encourage luxury trains

in line of Palace-on-Wheels model in association with Indian Railway, Indian Railway

Catering and Tourism Corporation (IRCTC) and other neighboring States.

Mega tourism units

Theme Parks

Page 12 Large Revenue Generating Projects and Large Footfall

Projects have a direct impact on the urbanisation pattern,

migration and service sector of the nearest town.

Q: Spatial mapping and impact of such tourist attractions

would lead to better overall planning

Land Bank:

The State Government with the objective of establishment and promotion of tourism

has developed a robust land bank at key tourist locations throughout the State. Various

parcels of land suitable for development of tourism projects and currently being held

by General Administration (G.A.), Revenue, Odisha Industrial Infrastructure

Development Corporation (IDCO) & various other government agencies has been

earmarked & reserved for tourism purpose. The land so reserved will be allotted for

tourism project as per IPR 2015 rate as applicable. The Land Bank is meant to:

o Optimise the latent potential of land available all across the state and use it for

development of tourism infrastructure.

Page 18-19 Q: What is the spatial strategy to prioritise destinations/land

banks for investment?




o Facilitate investors to get land for tourism projects.

Though the DoT has developed a Land Bank, the efforts to identify more land shall be

a continuous process. DoT/District Tourism Promotion Council (DTPC) shall prima

facie identify lands/sites appropriate for tourism development through site visits, site

studies and assessment of tourism development potential in the area.

The identified land parcels shall be reserved in the form of a Land Bank for development

of appropriate categories of tourism projects as identified by DoT. The details of the

Land Bank for tourism projects would be made available on the websites of DoT and

the concerned district administration.

The role of DoT shall be of a facilitator and would be the first point for receiving

applications for development of Tourism Projects on the land identified through the

Land Bank. On receipt of applications from private entrepreneurs, DoT shall facilitate

the grounding of the tourism project. The disposal of the land/property shall be in

accordance with the decision of the appropriate Committee to be formulated by the

Department of Tourism.

Special Tourism Zone:

Many regions of the state have huge tourism potential. To have more focused intervention,

it is proposed that the state tourism promotion council will identify and notify such regions

as Special Tourism Zones. The state government shall develop quality infrastructure like

roads, sanitation, power supply and water supply through convergence of resources in the

special tourism zone. The state tourism promotion council may allow separate incentives in

the identified zone for specific time period.

Page 30 Q: What would be special about STZs, are there any

additional financial incentives? Or tax relaxations? Or

process relaxations? Or ease of approvals?

Q: Where exactly are these zones? What are the criteria for

delineating such zones?

Q: What would be the spatial impact of an STZ in terms of

urbanisation, infrastructure, water allocation, agriculture,

handicrafts, society, skill set requirements, migration

patterns, and environment including eco-sensitive areas,

grasslands, waterbodies, disaster management practices and

mitigation planning?

Ecotourism Policy (2013)

Development of ecotourism action plan for important destinations: Page 2 Focus on three Protected Areas




Ecotourism policy should be the guiding principle for promotion of ecotourism and

immediate steps should be taken for development of ecotourism action plan for important

destinations within the state. Three important thrust areas for ecotourism remain (i)

Simlipal, (ii)Satkosia and (iii) Bhitarkanika. These are to be planned and developed for the

tourists from within and outside state and the procedure for online advance booking for

accommodation and entry into the sanctuary should be streamlined and made simple. The

tourist accommodations in the peripheral locations outside the Protected Areas and Forests

can be developed by Tourism Department/OTDC Ltd. /OFDC Ltd on its own or in PPP

mode.

Focus on development of tourism facilities in peripheral

locations

Q: How is the spatial planning and capacity of nearby town

considered as part of the identified developments?

Strategy 4

The ecotourism market will be promoted by investing in the development of a network of

prime ecotourism destinations, having good, reliable means of access and ecolodges (and

home-stays) that demonstrate best practice in the use of renewable resources (materials,

energy etc), community management and experiential learning and quiet enjoyment for the

visitors. Destination outputs will:

Promote use of renewable and biodegradable resources.

Management by registered (Divisional level) ecotourism societies comprising Joint

forest Management Committees.

Promotion of non-motorised forms of transports as far as possible.

Activities will be of an experiential nature, enabling the visitor to learn and see from

'doing'. Trained and knowledgeable local instructors and guides will be available to

lead/facilitate/interpret such activities.

Promotion of eco-friendly waste disposal methodologies.

Page 4 Focus on Destination development and networking for

creating circuits

Q: The total tourism potential and carrying capacity needs

to be identified for the destination as well as location to plan

out the spatial expanse, economic, ecological and societal

impact of the proposed developments

Strategy 8:

The Government will promote establishment of tourism facilities especially within 5 km of

the boundary of the ecotourism area in a Public-Private-Community (PPC) partnership

mode. The local community will be engaged for providing the services in such projects. The

Page 6 Q: Eco-tourism facilities within 5 km of boundary of

ecotourism area may need considerations towards buffer

zones for the eco-sensitive areas, especially in terms of

future spatial and ecological impacts.




communities will be entitled to at least 30 per cent of the net profit of such project run

through PPC partnership.

The land acquisition and allocation process in the state of Tamil Nadu for various purposes has been described in images below. The same seems to be in line with

the new Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act (Amendment) of 2015. A few questions have been highlighted in the subsequent images. The idea to

ask these questions is to derive how the Land Use Planning is impacted or considered as part of the project development process in various sectors.



Figure 5: Land Acquisition and Allocation Process







e



The presence of a complex governance system with multiple sectoral departments and the complex

substructure of each indicates that different departments have different mandates functions and powers as

far as land use and utilisation is concerned. Whereas some department may have powers and functions

covering financial, planning, influencing land use outcomes, other departments may only be affected by

decisions of other departments. Furthermore, the powers and functions vested with a department or the

lack thereof, may or may not be restricted to a certain category of land use. Hence, it is important to evaluate

the roles of various department’s vis. - a – vis. each category of land use.

Following is a list of key functions their explanation and examples that have been allotted to the

department’s vis. – a – vis. each category of land use.

The department is in charge of and has the powers to undertake land acquisition.

Example: Suppose an Industrial Area is to be developed in Ganjam District, the department of Industries

would identify land requirements, location, criteria etc. but the authority to acquire land would be in hands

of Revenue Department. Hence, Revenue department would acquire land and allot it to department of

Industries

The department is dependent on the said land use/resource for successful completion of its other activities

.


would identify land requirements, location, criteria etc. if the industrial development is water intensive then,

the department of industries is dependent on Water Resources Department for allocation of Water, and

identification of location to draw water, and hence the department’s plans are dependent on waterbodies.

The department undertakes activities that grow/or cause to grow and become more mature, advanced and

elaborate a project, activity, intervention etc. so as to promote/strengthen a particular land use/resource.

Example: Suppose the government has identified a particular region for promoting dairying as an

economic proposition, the department of Fisheries and Animal Resources Development would undertake

activities to ensure that fodder plantations/projects are developed and necessary fodder is available for

consumption in the said region.

The departments is in charge of planning and executing Disaster Risk Reduction Measures, Disaster

Mitigation Measures, Disaster Management Post Disaster Rehabilitation and Resettlement.


would identify land requirements, location, criteria etc. but if the industrial area is present in a



vulnerable/disaster prone zone, the possibility of Major Accident Hazard increases, this would need

mitigation planning, risk reduction measures, disaster management plan etc. generally such measures, plans

are prepared or approved by the State Disaster Management Authority (which in most cases is under

revenue department).

The department is in charge of and has the powers to execute a National/State Government

scheme/program that has the potential to impact a particular land use/resource.

Example: Suppose an area is identified for development as a Rurban cluster, then the department of

Panchayati Raj, would undertake certain activities and implement certain plans under the Rurban scheme

of Government of India. The implementation of the scheme would result in overall development in the

area thereby leading to improvement of infrastructure, possibility of change in agricultural pattern with a

shift to cash crops, or simply a change in land use from agriculture to settlements.

The success or failure of plans, investments, and scheme implementation being undertaken by a department

are affected due to decisions taken by some other department for a particular land use/resource.

Example: Suppose Energy Department has plans to promote, develop, invest in a thermal power plant in

a coastal area, such a plan/investment would be directly impacted by the decision of environment and

forest department if a part of the area/region as a whole is declared as eco-sensitive zone and environmental

clearances are denied/conditionally granted.

The plans, investments, scheme implementation being undertaken by a department affects other

departments in an area or a particular sector, possibly resulting in a change in a change in land use/resource

utilisation.

Example: Decision to develop/promote a port or a major logistics facility at a certain location would

directly influence the decisions/plans of department of industries for locating and/or developing future

industrial areas/regions/corridors.

The plans, investments, decision making of a department are affected by change in land use/resource

utilisation resulted in by decisions/plans/investments of other departments in an area or a particular sector.

Example: Suppose Tourism Department has plans to promote, develop, invest in a circuit with four-five

different locations/towns in vicinity to each other, such a decision would be influenced by the decision of

highways department to/not to develop a highway/good connectivity on the same or a different route.

The department is in-charge of and has the mandate to plan a budget, spend money, and finance a particular

project or development of the land use/resources as a whole.

Example: Suppose an area is an existing rain-fed agriculture zone with no irrigation facilities; the water

resources departments may decides to invest in developing a dam/barrage for irrigation purposes on request

from the agricultural department that has decided to invest in changing the cropping pattern and soil health.



The department undertakes activities that enable or cause to continue the present condition/situation, at

the same level or rate by keeping the said land use/resource in good condition by checking, repairing,

servicing, rebuilding, conserving, preserving it regularly.

Example: Suppose the Government of Odisha is promoting a region for economic development and

industries, settlement expansion, irrigated agriculture and tourism are being promoted. All these

developmental activities would have certain impact on the freshwater sources as available in the region, the

department of water resources would then be in-charge of undertaking all activities that cause to continue

the present status of the water resources (river/lake/underground water etc.) so as to ensure that the water

level, quality, availability is the same or not reduced to non-replenish-able levels resulting in degradation.

The department is in charge of and has the mandate to put in place a system that feeds in, maintains,

analyses a structured set of data that is easily accessible in various ways preferably on a computer for a

particular land use/resource.

Example: Each department maintains statistics/database of relevant details that are useful for decision

making, planning, investment as well as day to day functioning. However, such details are maintained as a

silo, the information captured in them may/may not be usable or useful by other departments that are

impacted. It would therefore become important for one department to ensure that the statistics maintained

by all other departments are in convergence with each other.

The department is in charge of and has the mandate to observe and check the progress or quality over a

period of time by maintaining a systematic review and to officially agree to accept as satisfactory any

interventions, plans, investment and influence there off by any other department with reference to a

particular land use/resource.

Example: Suppose the industries department is developing an industrial corridor, the area/region under

the same would have components of all other land uses, there would be numerous schemes under (for e.g.

Smart Cities, AMRUT, PMSGY, PMSKY, Rurban, Watershed development, etc.) it would become

important to ensure that the developments being undertaken by industries department and those by all

other departments are in sync with each other, hence the Planning and Convergence Department would be

in charge of observing and checking the progress of all schemes and development proposals.

The plans, investments, scheme implementation being undertaken by a department affects other

departments in an area or a particular sector, resulting in a change in current situation or scenario of land

use/resource utilisation in a bad or unwelcome quality.

Example: The decision of Housing and Urban Development departments to allow expansion of an urban

area, or industries department to development a new industrial area, or the agricultural department to

promote use of fertilisers and pesticides in a certain region may result in drying up, pollution and or

eutrophication in a lake and/or wetland in vicinity.



The department is in charge of and has the mandate to conceptualise and prepare a detailed proposal for

doing or achieving an intention or decision about what should be done to enable or cause itself or other

departments to develop and/or maintain the said land use/resource in good condition.

Example: For e.g. Department of Mines is in charge of planning the mining licencing, rate of mining, end

of life use of the mines, identifying potential mines etc. for ensuring sustainable utilisation of the limited

resources.

The department is in charge of and has the mandate to support and/or actively encourage all stakeholders

to enable or cause itself or other departments to develop and/or maintain the said land use/resource in

good condition.

Example: Suppose Tourism Department has plans to develop and invest in a circuit with four-five

different locations/towns in vicinity to each other, then the tourism department would actively promote

the said circuit so as to attract investments from private sector and encourage community participation in

developing hotels, resorts, home stays, tours and guides, clean cities etc. and make the circuits attractive to

tourists..

The department is in charge of and has the mandate to undertake adequate preparations so as to make

available for use technical support and/or assistance for collaborating with other departments to develop

and/or maintain the said land use/resource in good condition.

Example: For e.g. the Department of Science and Technology has developed and maintains a GIS

Platform that helps decision making, by utilising statistical as well as spatial database with spatio-temporal

analysis along with satellite images and remote sensing. Such analytical support is being used by various

departments like forests, agriculture, rural development, urban development etc. for the purpose of better

planning, governance and maintenance of land use..

Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Odisha are linked to forests and protected

areas as a land use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 18. A more detailed

matrix is attached in Annexure 2.

Table 15 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Forests and Protected Areas

Government

Department Protected Areas

Conservation and

Community Reserves

Areas of Ecological

Importance

(Development Control)

Forests and

Environment

Plan, influence, develop,

invest maintain, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions


invest, maintain, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions


invest, maintain, execute

schemes, provide technical

support, monitor and

approve interventions



Table 15 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Forests and Protected Areas

Government

Department Protected Areas

Conservation and

Community Reserves

Areas of Ecological

Importance


Panchayati Raj - Plan, influence, develop,

maintain, invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions, impacted

by decisions of other

departments

-

Planning and

Convergence



schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions, maintain

statistics



schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions, maintain

statistics





approve interventions,

maintain statistics

Rural

Development

- Plan, influence, develop,


schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve



departments

-

Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Odisha are linked to grasslands, grazing

lands and pastures as a land use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 16.

A more detailed matrix is attached in Annexure 2.

Table 16 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Grasslands, Grazing Land and

Pastures

Government

Department Grass Lands

Revenue Pasture and

Grazing Lands

Land Suitable for

Fodder Production

Agriculture and

Farmer’s

Empowerment

Impacted by decisions of

other departments,

Influence, provide

technical support for

fodder management

Impacted by decisions

of other departments,

Influence, provide


fodder management

Impacted by decisions of

other departments,

Influence, provide


fodder management



Table 16 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Grasslands, Grazing Land and

Pastures

Government

Department Grass Lands

Revenue Pasture and

Grazing Lands

Land Suitable for

Fodder Production

Fisheries and

Animal Resources

Development


invest, execute schemes,

provide technical

support, impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop, invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

impacted by decisions

of other departments


invest, execute schemes,

provide technical

support, impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Forests and

Environment



schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions

- Plan, influence, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

impacted by decisions of

other departments

Panchayati Raj Negative Influence Negative Influence Influence, develop,


schemes, impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Revenue and

Disaster

Management



schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions



schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions

Rural Development Negative Influence Negative Influence Influence, develop,



decisions of other

departments

Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Tamil Nadu are linked to waterbodies as a

land use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 17. A more detailed matrix

is attached in Annexure 2.



Table 17 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Waterbodies

Government

Department Saline Fresh (Flowing) Fresh (Stagnant) Wetlands

Fisheries and

Animal

Resources

Development

Influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support

Influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support

Influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support

Negative Influence

Forests and

Environment

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support, monitor

and approve

interventions

Influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical



Influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical


approve

interventions

Panchayati

Raj

- Influence, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Negative Influence

Planning and

Convergence

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Influence, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Influence, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Water

Resources

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of other

departments



Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Odisha are linked to agriculture as a land

use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 18. A more detailed matrix is

attached in Annexure 2.

Table 18 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Agriculture

Government

Department

Agro

climatic

Zones

Cultivated Cultivable Irrigated Irrigable Soil Health

Agriculture

and Farmer’s

Empowerment

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

and

maintain

statistics

Plan,

promote,

influence,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support, and

maintain

statistics

Plan,

promote,

develop,

influence,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support, and

maintain

statistics

Plan,

promote,

develop,

influence,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support, and

maintain

statistics

Plan,

influence,

maintain

statistics,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Panchayati Raj Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Planning and

Convergence

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

- Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

- Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

-



Table 18 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Agriculture

Government

Department

Agro

climatic

Zones

Cultivated Cultivable Irrigated Irrigable Soil Health

Rural

Development

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Water

Resources

Influence,

provide

technical

support

Influence,

provide

technical

support

Influence,

provide

technical

support

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

provide

technical

support

Some functions of almost all departments in the government of Odisha are linked to industries as a land

use. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 19. A more detailed matrix is


Table 19 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Industries

Government

Department

Industrial

Corridors

Special

Investment

Regions

Special

Economic

Zones

Industrial

Estates

Industrial

Clusters

Individual

Industrial

Units

Handloom,

Textiles and

Handicrafts

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide




Government

Department

Industrial

Corridors

Special

Investment

Regions

Special

Economic

Zones

Industrial

Estates

Industrial

Clusters

Individual

Industrial

Units

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Industries Plan,

promote,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments,

maintain

statistics

Plan,

promote,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments,

maintain

statistics

Plan,

promote,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments,

maintain

statistics

Plan,

promote,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments,

maintain

statistics

Plan,

promote,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments,

maintain

statistics

Plan,

promote,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments,

maintain

statistics

MSME Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,




Government

Department

Industrial

Corridors

Special

Investment

Regions

Special

Economic

Zones

Industrial

Estates

Industrial

Clusters

Individual

Industrial

Units

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Planning and

Convergence

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Maintain

statistics

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Skill

Development

and Technical

Education

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Some functions of few departments in the government of Odisha are linked to mines as a land use.

Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 20. A more detailed matrix is attached

in Annexure 2.



Table 20 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Mines

Government

Department Ongoing Mining Mining Potential Mine Deposits

Steels and Mines Plan, promote,

influence, develop,

maintain, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical


approve

interventions,



Plan, promote, influence,

develop, maintain, invest,

execute schemes, provide

technical support, monitor and

approve interventions, impacted


departments

Plan, promote, influence,

develop, maintain, invest,

execute schemes, provide

technical support, monitor

and approve interventions,


other departments

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Plan, influence,

monitor and approve

interventions

Plan, influence, monitor and


-

Some functions of many departments in the government of Odisha are linked to tourism as a land use

theme. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 21. A more detailed matrix is


Table 21 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Tourism

Government Department

Environment and Forests

Housing and Urban

Development

Commerce and

Transport

Planning and Convergence

Revenue and Disaster

Management

Tourism, Culture and Religious Endowments

Religious Tourism

-

Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of other departments

Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide technical support

Influence, monitor and approve interventions, maintain statistics

Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other departments

Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments

Beach Tourism

Influence, impacted by decisions of other departments






Eco-Tourism

Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,

Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by decisions of

Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, provide



Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve






Housing and Urban

Development

Commerce and

Transport



Management


provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions

other departments

technical support

interventions, impacted by decisions of other departments

Business /Conference

Tourism -






Heritage /Archaeology

Tourism -






Festivals /Fairs Tourism

-






Rural /Agricultural

Tourism - -





Leisure /Amusement

/Entertainment Tourism

-






Way Side Amenities

-

Influence, invest, execute specific schemes, impacted by

Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,

Maintain statistics

Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,






Housing and Urban

Development

Commerce and

Transport



Management


decisions of other departments

execute schemes, provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions

other departments

monitor and approve

interventions,



Some functions of almost all the departments in the government of Odisha are linked to infrastructure as

a land use theme. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 22. A more detailed


Table 22 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Infrastructure

Government

Department

Commerce and

Transport Energy

Housing and

Urban

Development

Planning and

Convergence

Public Works

Department

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Roads Influence Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence, plan,

invest, execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Airports Influence Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence, plan,

invest, execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments




Government

Department

Commerce and

Transport Energy

Housing and

Urban

Development

Planning and

Convergence

Public Works

Department

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Railways Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Ports Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Inland

Waterways

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Other

Logistics

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence, plan,

invest, execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments




Government

Department

Commerce and

Transport Energy

Housing and

Urban

Development

Planning and

Convergence

Public Works

Department

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

other

departments

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Power

Generation

(Renewable)

- Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Power

Generation

(Non-

Renewable)

- Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

- Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Power

Generation

(Nuclear)

- Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

- Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Power Grid

/Sub Station

- Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

- Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments




Government

Department

Commerce and

Transport Energy

Housing and

Urban

Development

Planning and

Convergence

Public Works

Department

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Power

Transmission

Lines

Influence Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

invest, execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain

statistics

- Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Some functions of almost all the departments in the government of Odisha are linked to settlements as a

land use theme. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 23. A more detailed


Table 23 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Settlements

Government

Department Existing Settlement

Proposed upcoming

Settlements (Greenfield) Settlement Expansion

Housing and

Urban

Development



schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve



departments







other departments







other departments

Industries Influence, develop,



decisions of other

departments

Influence, develop,



decisions of other

departments

Influence, develop,



decisions of other

departments

MSME Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted

Panchayati Raj Plan, influence, develop,


schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve








other departments







other departments



Table 23 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Settlements

Government

Department Existing Settlement

Proposed upcoming

Settlements (Greenfield) Settlement Expansion


departments

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Influence, Acquisition,


other departments



other departments



other departments

Rural

Development

Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted

Some functions of almost all the departments in the government of Odisha are linked to settlements as a

land use theme. Functions of a few select departments are mentioned below in Table 23. A more detailed


Table 24 Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix for Wastelands

Government

Department

Agriculture and

Farmer’s

Empowerment

Fisheries and

Animal

Resource

Development

Forests and

Environment

Science and

Technology

/IT

Planning and

Convergence Revenue

Gullied and

Ravinous

- - Plan, influence,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Maintain statistics Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Land

Affected

with

Salinity/Alka

linity


execute schemes,

provide technical

support, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Degraded

Agriculture

& Forest

Land

Plan, influence,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support,

Plan, influence,

execute

schemes,

provide

Plan, influence,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support, impacted

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of




Government

Department

Agriculture and

Farmer’s

Empowerment

Fisheries and

Animal

Resource

Development

Forests and

Environment

Science and

Technology

/IT

Planning and

Convergence Revenue

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

by decisions of

other departments

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

other

departments

Degraded

Pastures and

Grazing

Land

- Plan, influence,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Sands - - Plan, influence,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Industrial

Waste Land

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Mining

Waste Land

/Closed

Mines

- - Influence, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

impacted by

decisions of other

departments,

Monitor and

Approve

Interventions

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments




Government

Department

Agriculture and

Farmer’s

Empowerment

Fisheries and

Animal

Resource

Development

Forests and

Environment

Science and

Technology

/IT

Planning and

Convergence Revenue

Data Base

Management

Barren

/Rocky

/Stoney

Waste Land

- - - Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

maintain statistics

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments



The land use (planning) policy envisages to bridge this gap be bringing on board a multi-sectoral approach

and ownership to ensure that the underlying themes/essence of various existing policies and guidelines of

different sectors are captured and well represented in the proposed land use (planning) policy to ensure

that synergy is achieved across various sectors.

For the purpose of formulation of the land use (planning) policy and related guiding documents, formation

of a multi-sectoral working group (involving multiple state sectoral departments) is envisaged. As part of

the structure, an academic expert panel is also proposed for guiding and vetting the policies and other

supporting/guiding documents.

A working group has been envisaged for formulation of the draft policy. The group would essentially be

responsible for coordination of the entire process including interaction with stakeholder departments on

theme basis. The structure of working group, themes and sub-themes is indicated in the image below:

Figure 6: Working Group and Themes

GIZ team would provide technical support through the entire process.



As part of the working group, a core group has been envisaged for formulation of the draft policy. The

core group would essentially be responsible for coordination of the entire process. Inter alia, the functions

of the core working group would include (not limited to):

Allocating time for meetings at regular intervals

Ensuring Inter-departmental coordination and cooperation across the governance structure in Odisha

Take lead in facilitating theme/sub theme based stakeholder consultations

Finalising the scope of policy with due guidance from panel of academic experts

Moderate each subtheme to assess gaps in existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations)

Facilitate data and information collection as necessary for the purpose of drafting the policy

Enlist issues/concerns of land use practices, governance and management in Odisha based on gap

assessment, stakeholder interactions and guidance from panel of academic experts

Record all stakeholder interaction and consultation meetings, workshops and circulate the same to

attendees for inputs and finalisation

Close coordination with Department of Town and Country Planning to create a broad framework

guideline for creating ‘Spatial Land Use Plans at Regional /District level’ that can be integrated into the

governance structure for the state and build consensus with other sectoral departments for the same

Formulate policy drafts and the records and information as available with support from GIZ

Present and discuss draft policy to the State level Steering committee for review and inputs

Revise and update the draft policy incorporating feedback from all stakeholders, departments, and the

panel of academic experts to achieve consensus and eventual submission to the State for approval.

It is envisaged that the heads of various relevant sectoral divisions/departments would undertake the above

mentioned role. The list of core working group representatives is mentioned below:

Nominated official, Planning & Convergence Department, Odisha

Nominated official, Revenue & Disaster Management Department, Odisha

Nominated official, Housing and Urban Development Department, Odisha

Nominated official, Panchayati Raj Department, Odisha

Nominated official, Forest & Environment Department, Odisha

Nominated official, Water Resources Department, Odisha

Nominated official, Micro Small & Medium Enterprise Department, Odisha

Director & Chief Town Planner, Directorate of Town Planning, Odisha

GIZ team would provide all necessary technical support through the entire process. Among other things

the support would be in the form of knowledge provision, research and information assessments, drafting

of formats for data/information collection, usage and interpretation, drafting the policy, etc. The GIZ team

would further ensure the following:

Allocating time for meetings with the working group, panel of academic experts as well as other key

stakeholders.

Support working group in ensuring Inter-departmental coordination and cooperation across the

governance structure in Odisha by providing out of box thinking, ideas and concepts



Support working group with a baseline information assessment, moderation as well as collation of

information for ensuring successful theme/sub theme based stakeholder consultations

Close interaction and follow-ups with panel of academic experts including identifying them and

bringing them on board

Support working group in assessing gaps in existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations)

Analyse enlisted issues/concerns of land use practices, governance and management in Odisha based

on gap assessment, stakeholder interactions and guidance from panel of academic experts

Support working group with formats for recording stakeholder interactions, consultation meetings,

workshops and circulate the same to attendees for inputs and finalisation

Support working group in ensuring close coordination with Department of Town Planning in creating

a broad framework guideline for ‘Spatial Land Use Plans at Regional /District level’ that can be

integrated into the governance structure for the state

Support working group in formulation of policy drafts

Support working group in presenting and discussing draft policy to the State level Steering committee

for review and inputs

Support working group (if necessary) in undertaking revision and updates to the draft policy

incorporating feedback from all stakeholders, departments, and the panel of academic experts to

achieve consensus and eventual submission to the State for approval.

Knowledge support from the academic advisory panel is expected in terms of observations and

recommendations on baseline, scope of policy and the draft policy itself. The panel of academic experts

has been targeted to garner representations from various planning colleges/universities located in different

states across the country to ensure incorporation of as varied experiences as possible.

The documents prepared by core working group through support of GIZ shall be shared with the academic

expert panel for their inputs, review and recommendations on the notes and short reports on

theme/fortnightly/monthly basis.

It is suggested that the state consider organising a one/two day workshop on completion of the draft of

the policy inviting the panel for knowledge sharing and dissemination purposes.

The list of academic experts proposed to be part of the panel is mentioned below:

Dr. Satish K. Kulshreshtha, Senior Consultant, Land Use Planning & Management Project, GIZ India

Dr. Parthasarathy, Director and Professor, GIDR

Dr. Shravan Kumar Acharya, Professor, JNU

Dr. Asha Rajvanshi, Senior Professor, WII, Dehradun

Dr. N. Sridharan, Professor SPA Delhi, Director, SPA Bhopal

Dr. Sejal Patel, Professor, CEPT University

Dr. Ajay Katuri, GIS and Disaster Management Expert

Dr. Kiran Sandhu, Professor, GNDU

Dr. C. N. Ray, Professor (Retired), Faculty of Planning, Centre for Planning and Technology (CEPT)

University, Gujarat

Dr. Sudeshna Mitra, Professor, IIHS

Odisha Specific Representation from Academic Experts

Prof. Kajri Misra, Xavier School of Rural Management, Xavier University of Bhubaneswar, Odisha



Mr. Krishna Chandra Ratha, Professor, Department of Geography, Utkal University, Bhubaneshwar,

Odisha

Dr. Ajit Kumar Mishra, Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture Economics, Odisha University

of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha

Prof. Bhagabana Sahu, Professor of History, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Odisha

It is understood that a good Land Use (Planning) Policy would be a spatial governance tool that balances

considerations to all sectors at all levels of governance. Some of the key consideration for formulation of

the policy draft would include:

Linking of various tax policy incentives to proposed land use (planning) policy

Linking sub-national/state level fiscal systems, schemes, projects that directly impact efficiency of land

use to the proposed land use (planning) policy

Integrating the demographic and economic trends as all settlements are interdependent

Integrating various sectors and levels of government to ensure smooth decision in multi-sectoral

environment to overcome sectoral silos (if any)

Strengthening regional considerations as part of planning and project conceptualisation

Enhancing institutional/coordination mechanisms based on strengths of state

This necessitate consultations and close interactions with multiple stakeholder (sectoral departments) that

are experts in their respective fields. Such consultations are envisaged under three fundamental themes of

sustainability, i.e. Environment, Economy and Society. Each of these fields may have one or more sub-

themes. These sub themes, the proposed working group representatives, the proposed coordinator from

the core working group as well as the envisaged scope of work is briefly mentioned below.

In general, the representatives from the relevant sectoral departments are expected to:

Nominate relevant/knowledgeable personnel for representing the department

Allocate time for meetings at regular intervals

Enlist and share existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations) for resolving conflicts with

development projects

Assess gaps in existing provisions (policies, acts, rules and regulations) for resolving conflicts with

development projects

Provide inputs and review the draft policy with suggestions for incorporation as part of sector specific

land use considerations

Strive to arrive at consensus for enhancing the coordination mechanisms with other departments

Theme/sub theme specific roles and scope are mentioned in the following sections

7.4.1.1 Sub Theme: Forests and Protected Areas

The sub theme of forests and protected areas essentially revolves around the impact on as well as impact

of protected areas, conservation and community reserves, and areas of ecological importance especially in

terms of development control.

7.4.1.1.1 Stakeholder/Sectoral Departments

The sub-group is expected to have representation/inputs from the following departments



Forest and Environment Department

Planning and Convergence Department


Panchayati Raj Department

Director Town Planning is expected to take up the role of coordination jointly with Principal Chief

Conservator of Forests, Forest & Environment Department.

7.4.1.1.2 Agenda for consultations on Forests and Protected Areas

Among other things the stakeholders/sectoral departments would

Share necessary information regarding forests, protected areas, conservation and community reserves,

and areas of ecological importance

Enlist and share issues/concerns of land use practices that conflict with forests as a land use

Formulate vision statement for forest as a land use

7.4.1.2 Sub Theme: Grasslands/Pastures and Grazing Land

The sub theme of Grasslands/Pastures and Grazing Land essentially revolves around the impact on as well

as impact of Grasslands, Revenue Pastures and Grazing land and land suitable for fodder production in

terms of development of settlements, agriculture, industries, tourism and other land uses.


The sub-group is expected to have representation/inputs from the following departments


Revenue and Disaster Management Department

Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department

Agriculture Department



Director Town Planning, Director, Revenue Department and Panchayati Raj Department are expected to

jointly take up the role of coordination.

7.4.1.2.2 Agenda for consultations on Grasslands/Pastures and Grazing Land


Share necessary information regarding extent and expanse of grasslands, pastures, grazing lands, status

of livestock and fodder production as well as the carrying capacity, stocking rates and environmental

status of the same

Enlist and share issues/concerns of land use practices that conflict with grasslands, pastures and grazing

land as a land use

Formulate vision statement for grasslands, pastures and grazing land as a land use

7.4.1.3 Sub Theme: Water Bodies

The sub theme of Water Bodies shall focus on the impact of development activities on saline, fresh flowing,

fresh stagnant water bodies as well as wetlands.




The sub-group is expected to have representation from the following departments








Director Town Planning and Director, Water Resources Department and Director, Panchayati Raj

Department are expected to jointly take up the role of coordination.

7.4.1.3.2 Agenda for consultations on Waterbodies


Share necessary information regarding extent and expanse of various categories of waterbodies and

ground water aquifers in terms of size, capacity, catchment, seasonality, quality and environmental

status of the same

Enlist and share issues/concerns of land use practices that either depend on or result in negative

influence on waterbodies as a land use

Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns in competitive water

resource allocation between various sectors including (but not limited) to irrigation, industries,

settlements, environment, etc.

Formulate vision statement for waterbodies as a land use

7.4.2.1 Sub Theme: Agriculture

The sub theme of Agriculture shall focus on the impact on as well as impact of agro-climatic zones,

cultivates and cultivable areas, irrigated and irrigable areas, the soil health in general, fallow land and land

use conversions with due consideration to development activities and environmental impacts across various

sectors.








Director, Town Planning and Director, Agriculture Department are expected to jointly take up the role of

coordination.

7.4.2.1.2 Agenda for consultations on Agriculture




Share necessary information regarding farm holdings, cropping patterns, cultivated and cultivable areas,

irrigated and irrigable areas and other agriculture plans and practices with due consideration to micro-

agro-climatic zones and agri-infrastructure

Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide strengthening

of agriculture as an economic prospect and/or result in conflicts or negative influence on sustainable

agriculture and related project/investment prioritisation

Formulate vision statement for agriculture as a land use

7.4.2.2 Sub Theme: Industries

The sub theme of Industries shall focus on industrial corridors, special investment regions, special

economic zones, industrial estates, clusters and individual units along with land use conversions with due

consideration to environmental, economic as well as other social impacts across various sectors and land

uses.




Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Department

Handlooms, Textiles and Handicrafts Department

Skill Development Department


Revenue Department

Directory Town Planning and Commissioner, Industries Department are expected to jointly take up the

role of coordination.

7.4.2.2.2 Agenda for consultations on Industries


Share necessary information regarding industrial development in the state with due consideration to

total estimated area, earmarked land, land under possession, envisaged investments, production and

employment generation, current status of development and future plans in short (3 years), medium (7

years) and long term (15 years)

Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide strengthening

of industrial development, cluster formation, promoting MSMEs, locating industries in the state and

related project/investment prioritisation among various industrial sub-sectors, and positive as well as

negative influence on other land uses and sectors

Enlist and detail out challenges in land acquisition, land valuation and land availability/banking at

desired locations along with possible alternative mechanisms for resolving disputes and getting access

to land resources with minimum conflict to environment, society etc. for enabling faster clearances

Formulate vision statement for industries as a land use

Formulate an industrial development strategy



7.4.2.3 Sub Theme: Mines

The sub theme of Mines shall focus on ongoing mining area/zones, mining potential as well as mining

deposits with due consideration to environmental, economic as well as other social impacts across various

sectors and land uses.



Steel and Mines Department

Revenue Department



Director Town Planning, Director, Revenue Department and Director, Steel and Mines Department are

expected to jointly take up the role of coordination.

7.4.2.3.2 Agenda for consultations on Mines


Share necessary information regarding mining area development in the state with due consideration to

total mineral resources, estimated area distribution, their capacity, status, life, envisaged investments,

production and employment generation, current status of development and future plans in short (3

years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)

Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide development

of mining areas in the state and related project/investment prioritisation along with the positive and

negative influence on other land uses and sectors resulting in conflicts

Formulate vision statement for mines as a land use

7.4.2.4 Sub Theme: Tourism

The sub theme of tourism is considered as an economic sector that has the maximum trickledown effect

and can result in the maximum employment generation per unit investment. Hence the sub theme shall

focus on multiple aspects of tourism including (but not limited to) religious tourism, beach tourism, eco-

tourism, business/conferences tourism, festivals/fairs, heritage/archaeology, rural/agricultural tourism,

leisure/amusement/entertainment tourism as well as way side amenities for tourists with due consideration

to environmental, economic as well as other social impacts across various sectors and land uses.



Tourism Department

Culture Department

Commerce and Transport Department


Housing and Urban Development Department


Director Town Planning under guidance from Director, Tourism is expected to take up the role of

coordination.



7.4.2.4.2 Agenda for consultations on Tourism


Share necessary information regarding tourism categories in the state with due consideration to existing

and upcoming projects, estimated footfalls, land earmarked, envisaged investments and tourism focus

areas/zones, status of important tourist areas in terms of linkages, infrastructure and future plans in

short (3 years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)


of tourism areas/zones in the state and related project/investment prioritisation along with the positive

and negative influence on other land uses and sectors resulting in conflicts

Formulate vision statement for tourism as a land use/land use influence

Formulate a tourism development strategy

7.4.2.5 Sub Theme: Infrastructure

The sub theme of infrastructure forms the basis of all development activities. The sub theme shall focus

on multiple aspects of infrastructure including (but not limited to) roads, airports, ports, railways, inland

waterways, transmission lines, markets, other logistics, power generation (renewable, non-renewable,

nuclear), power grids as well as transmission etc. with due consideration to environmental, economic as

well as other social impacts across various sectors and land uses.



Energy Department

Commerce and Transport Department

Directorate of Civil Aviation


Highways and Minor Ports Department

Public Works Department



Director Town Planning and Joint Secretary Planning and Convergence Department are expected to jointly

take up the role of coordination.

7.4.2.5.2 Agenda for consultations on Infrastructure


Share necessary information regarding infrastructure development in the state with due consideration

to its hierarchy, function, influence area, population covered, status of development, land requirements,

total estimated area, earmarked land, land under possession, envisaged investments, and future plans

in short (3 years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)


and maintenance of infrastructure, investment prioritisation, and its positive as well as negative

influence on other land uses and sectors



Enlist and detail out challenges in land acquisition, land valuation and land availability/banking at

desired locations along with possible alternative mechanisms for resolving disputes and getting access

to land resources with minimum conflict to environment, society etc. for enabling faster clearances

Formulate vision statement for infrastructure as a land use

7.4.3.1 Sub Theme: Settlements – Urban and Rural

The sub theme of settlements is fundamental to development activities. All development activities lead to

and follow the settlement pattern in any region. This sub theme shall focus on multiple aspects of

settlements that existing, expanding, shrinking or proposed green field development. Whether urban or

rural, the settlements theme would give due consideration to environmental, economic as well as other

social impacts across various sectors and land uses.







Revenue Department

Department of Town Planning

Director Department of Town planning is expected to take up the role of coordination under joint guidance

of Secretary Housing and Urban Development Department, Secretary Panchayati Raj Department.

7.4.3.1.2 Agenda for consultations on Settlements


Share necessary information regarding settlements in urban, peri-urban, rural as well as Rurban context

with due consideration to its hierarchy, structure, function, influence area, population, status of

development, land requirements, envisaged investments, financial resources, and future plans in short

(3 years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)


and maintenance of settlements, investment prioritisation, budgetary allocation, financial resources,

scheme implementations and its positive as well as negative influence on other land uses and sectors

Enlist and detail out challenges in balancing growth pattern, creating network linkages, stress on natural

resources including access to land for infrastructure development, land acquisition, land valuation and

land availability/banking at desired locations along with possible alternative mechanisms for resolving

disputes and getting access to land resources with minimum conflict to environment, economy and

society in general etc. for enabling regional balance


other land uses and sectors especially when expanding or undertaking greenfield projects

Formulate vision statement for settlements as a land use

Formulate an urbanisation strategy



7.4.3.2 Sub Theme: Disaster Prone Areas

The sub theme of disaster prone areas cuts across all sectors and land uses. Though not category in land

use, it is important to be addressed as an integral part of all land uses. This sub theme shall focus on impact

and vulnerability of all sectors and land uses as affected/to be affected in disaster prone areas including

those affected by cyclones, floods, tsunami, landslides, fire earthquake, water scarcity, extreme

temperatures, major accident hazards etc.











Director Town Planning is expected jointly take up the role of coordination under guidance of

Commissioner, Disaster Management.

7.4.3.2.2 Agenda for consultations on Disaster Prone Areas


Share necessary information regarding disaster prone/vulnerable areas in terms of major hazards and

their influence zones, vulnerable population, adaptation mitigation measures at regional scale, land

requirements, envisaged investments, financial resources, and future plans in short (3 years), medium

(7 years) and long term (15 years)

Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide medium to

long term mitigation measures, planning, investment prioritisation, budgetary allocation, financial

resources, scheme implementations and their positive as well as negative influence on other land uses

and sectors


other land uses and sectors leading to sustainable planning and development measures

Formulate vision statement for Disaster prone and vulnerable areas

Formulate a disaster resilience strategy

7.4.3.3 Sub Theme: Socially Vulnerable

The sub theme of socially vulnerable cuts across all sectors and land uses. Though not category in land use,

it is important to be addressed as an integral part of all land uses. This sub theme shall focus on access of

opportunities, social infrastructure (health and education) and land resource/use balance in context of

socially vulnerable population (especially in terms of tribal, backward, other marginalised sections of society

all sectors and land uses).





Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Casts Development Department

Minorities and Backward Class Welfare Department








Director Town Planning and Director ST&SC Development Council are expected to jointly take up the

role of coordination.

7.4.3.3.2 Agenda for consultations on Socially Vulnerable


Share necessary information regarding socially vulnerable areas in terms of tribal areas, forest rights

areas, other backward areas, their nutritional requirements, access to education and health facilities,

economic opportunities, planned development/upliftment initiatives, allocated financial, land and

other resources, and future plans in short (3 years), medium (7 years) and long term (15 years)

Enlist and share policies, guiding documents, considerations, issues/concerns that guide medium to

long term measures, planning, investment prioritisation, budgetary allocation, financial resources,

scheme implementations and their positive as well as negative influence on other land uses and sectors


other land uses and sectors leading to sustainable planning and development measures

Formulate vision statement for socially vulnerable

Formulate an inclusion strategy

7.4.4.1 Waste Lands

The sub theme of Waste land is considered as a land use in India. This sub theme shall focus on re-

categorization/reclassification based on appropriate uses of existing and demarcated gullied/ravenous land,

wetlands, scrubs, degraded forest and agricultural lands and sands.



Revenue Department





Science and Technology Department/Information Technology

Director Town Planning and Joint Commissioner, Revenue Administration are expected to jointly take up

the role of coordination.



7.4.4.1.2 Agenda for consultations Sub-group on Waste Lands


Share necessary information regarding wastelands as categorised by National Wasteland Atlas of India,

Revenue department and forest

Enlist and share issues/concerns of land use practices that conflict with wastelands as a land use

Formulate vision statement for re-categorization/reclassification of wasteland as a land use



The following structure (contents) are proposed to be addressed as part of the State Land Use (Planning)

Policy

Section 1: Introduction

o Importance/Significance of Land use Policy

o Spatial Governance

Departments and their roles/functions

Shortlisted land uses to be represented on District level

Section 2: Land use at State/District Level: (theme wise details would be addressed)

o Statistics: existing scenario, change in land use

o Key challenges/issues

o Departments responsible for various land uses

o Policies/vision of departments considering the specific land uses

o Vision statements for each land use

Section 3: District Spatial Land Use Plans

o Objectives of District Spatial Land Use Plans

o Purpose/Need

o Components/Contents

o Broad Guidelines – Framework

Interaction between two land uses

Consultations with Stakeholders – Coordination between Departments

o Interpretation

o Responsible Departments

o Integration in Governance

Section 4: Implementation Mechanism

o Appreciate Existing Institutional Structure

o Scope of Improvement – Reference to Department Land Use Matrix

o Proposed Institutional Structure – Coordination Mechanism

o Resources

Staffing Structure

Funding Sources

o Timelines

o Review and monitoring

Compendium of References

o Compendium of Documents supporting each chapter

Learning from international experiences

Land use statistics (land use change, challenges)

Department vs Land Use Matrix – Roles and Mandate



Interaction matrix (conflict between land uses)

Interdepartmental Coordination

o Compendium of Record of discussions

Inputs/comments of each stakeholder

Action taken/revision done for each chapter - building arguments


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page i

List of departments of Odisha, respective sub-departments, agencies,

institutes with related policies, schemes, programmes

Agriculture & Farmers' Empowerment Department

Sub Department, Agencies, Institutes,

PSU Policies, Schemes, Programmes, Committees

Agricultural Promotion And

Investment Corporation Of Odisha

Limited (APICOL)

Directorate of Agriculture & Food

Production

Directorate of Horticulture

Directorate of Soil Conservation &

Watershed Development Mission

National Oilseeds & Vegetable Oils

Development Board

Odisha Agro Industries

Corporation (OAIC)

Odisha State Cashew Development

Corporation (OSCDC)

Odisha State Seed & Organic

Products Certification Agency

(OSSOPCA)

Odisha State Seeds Corporation

Odisha University of Agriculture &

Technology (OUAT)

Agro Polytechnic Centres

Additional Package for the Farmers of

Cyclone/Flood Affected Areas

National Food Security Mission

(NFSM)

National Mission for Sustainable

Agriculture (NMSA)

National Mission On Agriculture

Extension And Technology (NMAET)

National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil

Palm (NMOOP)

Paramparagat Krishi Vikash Yojana

(PKVY)

Promotion of Integrated Farming in

Tribal Areas

Rashstriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)

State Agriculture Policy, 2013

Sub-Mission on Agriculture

Mechanization (SMAM)

Input Subsidy (Horticulture)

ISOPOM (Oil Palm)

National Horticulture Mission (NHM)

National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil

Palm (NMOOP)

National Mission on Sustainable

Agriculture (NMSA)

Special Crop Specific Schemes

Strengthening of School of Horticulture

SP

Integrated Watershed Management

Programme (IWMP)

Self Help Groups (SHGs)

Users Groups (UGs)

Watershed Committees

Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page ii

Commerce and Transport



Directorate of Rail Coordination

Gopalapur Port Limited

Odisha State Road Transport

Corporation

The Dhamra Port Company

Limited (DPCL)

Biju Goan Gadi Yojana

Cooperation Department



Integrated Cooperative Development

Project (ICDP)

Modified National Agricultural

Insurance Schemes

National Agricultural Insurance scheme

Warehousing under Rural Infrastructure

Development Fund (RIDF)

Weather based Agricultural Insurance

scheme

Culture Department



Artist Pension

Bibhuti Kanungo College of Art &

Crafts

Govt. College of Art & Crafts

Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra Odissi

Research Centre

Harekrushna Mahatab State Library &

Bhubaneswar Public Library

Odisha Culture Service Association

Odisha Institute of Maritime and South-

East Asian Studies

Odisha Lalit Kala Academi

Odisha Sahitya Academi

Odisha State Archaeology

Odisha State Archives

Odissi Research Centre

Orissa Lalitkala Akademi

Orissa Sangeet Natak Akademi


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page iii

Orissa Urdu Akademi

Raja Rammohun Roy Library

Foundation (RRRLF)

S.V. Govt. School of Art and Craft

The Utkal University of Culture

Utkal Sangeet Mohavidyalaya

Electronics and Information Technology Department



Industry Facilitation & IT

promotion Cell

Odisha Computer Applications

Centre (OCAC)

Odisha Computer Applications

Centre (OCAC)

Software Technology Parks of India

State e-Governance Mission Team

Capacity Building (CB) Scheme

Information and Communication

Technology (ICT) Policy 2014

National Cyber Security Policy 2013

Strategic Roadmap for Development of

ESDM Sectors in Odisha

Information and Communication

Technology (ICT) Policy 2014

National e-Governance Plan (NeGP)

Energy Department



Orissa Power Generation

Corporation Limited (OPGC)

Distribution Companies (DISTCO)

Grid Corporation of Orissa Limited

(GRIDCO)

Odisha Renewable Energy

Development Agency (OREDA)

Orissa Hydro Power Corporation

Limited (OHPC)

Orissa Power Transmission

Corporation Ltd (OPTCL)

The Odisha Renewable Energy Policy

2016

Accelerated Power Development &

Reform Programme (APDRP)

Biju Gram Jyoti Yojana(BGJY)

Biju Saharanchala Vidyutikaran Yojana

(BSVY)

Development Programmes for Energy

System Improvement (DESI).

Odisha Distribution System

Strengthening Programme

Odisha Power Sector Improvement

Projects (OPSIP)

Orissa Electricity Regulatory

Commission(OERC)

Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran

Yojana (RGGVY)

Rural Electrification Policy-GoI

Samuka Beach Project

National Biogas & Manure Management

Program (NBMMP)


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page iv

Excise Department



Deputy Commissioners of Excise

(3)

Odisha State Beverages

Corporation Ltd. (OSBC)

Superintendents of Excise (30)

Excise Policy 2017-18

Finance Department



Sale Tax Tribunal

Anomaly Committee

Commercial Tax Organisation

Controller of Accounts

Director of Institutional Finance

Directorate of Local Fund Audit

(DLFA)

Directorate of Small Savings

Expert Committee

Fitment Committee

Madhusudan Das Regional

Academy of Financial Management

Incentive Scheme

Pension Scheme

Health Insurance Scheme




ARD Sector- Directorate of

AH&VS

ARD Sector- Odisha Livestock

Resources Development Society

(OLRDS)

ARD Sector- Orissa State Poultry

Products Co-operative Marketing

Federation Ltd (OPOLFED)

ARD Sector- Society for the

Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

(SPCA)

ARD Sector- The Orissa State

Cooperative Milk Producers'

Federation Limited (OMFED)

ARD Sector- Utkal Gomangal

Samiti (UGS)

Assistance to States for Control of

Animal Diseases (ASCAD)

INAPH

Indo Swiss Natural Resources

Management Programme (ISNRMPO)

Intensive Coastal Zone Management

Project (ICZMP)

MGNREGS

MO KUDIA scheme

Mobile Veterinary Unit

MUY (Mastyajibi Unnayan Yojana)

National Project on Rinderpest

Eradication Orissa (N.P.R.E)

NETRAJYOTI scheme

New Dairy Scheme


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page v

Fisheries Sector- Directorate of

Fisheries

Fisheries Sector- Odisha Stata

Fishermen’s Cooperative

Federation Ltd (Fishfed)

Fisheries Sector- Orissa Pisciculture

Development Corporation Ltd.

(OPDC)

Joint Monitoring Committee (JMC)

National Fisheries Development

Board (NFDB)

Social Empowerment and

Agriculture Development Agency

(SEADA)

NPCBB (National Project on Cattle and

Buffalo Breeding)

Orissa Community Tank Management

Project (OCTMP)

Promotion Of Dairy Entrepreneurship

(PDE)

RIDF

RKVY




City Forest Division(s)

Center For Environmental Studies

Chilika Development Authority

D.O. (Env-II Section)

D.O. (FE-II Section)

D.O. (O.E. Section)

Divisional Forest Officers

Forest wing

Odisha Bamboo Development

Agency

Odisha Forest Development

Corporation Ltd (OFDC)

Regional Chief Conservator of

Forests

Regional Chief Conservator(s) of

Forest

Regional Plant Resource Centre

S.O. (Environment Section &

Additional Charge of Accounts

Section)

S.O. (Forest Diversion Section)

S.O. (Forest Protection &

Corporation Section)

S.O. (Plantation Section &

additional charge of Wildlife

Section

S.O. (Policy &Plan Section)

Orissa Climate Change Action Plan

The Elephants Preservation Act, 1879

The Environment (Protection) Rules,

1986

The Noise Pollution (Regulation and

Control) Rules, 2000

The Orissa Communal Forest and

Private Lands (Prohibition of

Alienation) Act, 1948

The Orissa Forest (Amendment) Act

1982

The Orissa Saw Mills and Saw Pits

(Control) Amendment Act, 2006

The Recycled Plastics Manufacture and

Usage Rules. 1999

The Rules for the Manufacture, Use,

Import, Export and Storage of

Hazardous micro-organisms Genetically

engineered organisms or cells

The Wild Birds & Animals Protection

Act, 1912

Ecotourism Policy


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page vi

S.O.(Forest Protection &

Conservation Section)

State Pollution Control Board

The Information & Public Relations

Department

Wildlife and Environment wings

Working Plan Division

General Administration and Public Grievances Department



Aviation Training Institutes

Gopabandhu Academy of

Administration

Odisha Public Service Commission

(O.P.S.C)

Orissa Administrative Tribunal

Staff Selection Commission (S.S.C)

The Directorate of Aviation

Vigilance Department

Chief Minister's Relief Fund (CMRF)

Human Resources Management System

(HRMS)

Model Village Program

Odisha Right to Public Service Act

(ORTPSA)

Health and Family Welfare Department



Directorate of Drug Control

Administration

Directorate of Family Welfare

Directorate of Health Services

Directorate of Indian System of

Medicine & Homeopathy

Directorate of Medical Education &

Training

Directorate of Public Health

Directorate of State AIDS Cell

Directorate of State Institute of

Health & Family Welfare

Reproductive Child Health (RCH-II)

Disaster response and management plan

Drug Policy

Health Policy

Infant Mortality Rate Mission

Integrated Disease Surveillance

Programme (IDSP)

Iodine Deficiency Disorder Control

Programme (IDDCP)

National Disease Control Programme

(NDCP)

National Health Mission(NHM)

National Leprosy Eradication

Programme (NLEP)

National Programme for Control of

Blindness ( NPCB )

National Rural Health Mission

National Vector Borne Disease Control

Programme (NVBDCP)

Navajyoti


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page vii

Norway- India Partnership Initiative

(NIPI)

Rastriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram

(RBSK)

Revised National Tuberculosis Control

Programme (RNTCP)

Universal Immunisation Programme

(U.I.P.)

Higher Education Department



Biju Yuba Sashaktikaran Yojana

High Power Committee(HPC)

Kalinga Sikhya Sathi Yojana(KSSY)

National Mission on Education through

Information & Communication

Technology

National Service Scheme

Personnel InformationManagement

System (PIMS)

Rastriya Uchachatar Siksha Abhiyan

(RUSA)

Home Department



Budget section

C& HR section

Civil Defence section

common Cadre Section

Coordination Section

Fire Service section

Fss &IE section

High Court

Home Guard

IPS

OSS

Pension section

Scheme for Surrender & Rehabilitation

of Left Wing Extremists

The Odisha Victim Compensation

Scheme





GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page viii

Development Authorities

Directorate of Town Planning

(DTP)

Odisha Water Supply & Sewerage

Board (OWSSB)

Public Health Engineering

Organisation (PHEO)

Aahaar

AMRUT

Awaas

Hriday

National Urban Livelihoods Mission

(NULM)

Smart City Mission

Swachh Bharat Mission




Industrial Promotion and

Investment Corporation of Odisha

Limited (IPICOL)

Odisha State Electronics

Development Corporation

(OSEDC)

The Industrial Development

Corporation Of Odisha Ltd.

(IDCOL)

The Odisha Film Development

Corporation LTD. (OFDC)

The Odisha Industrial

Infrastructure Development

Corporation

Draft Odisha Startup Policy 2016

Industrial Policy - 2015

Policy for Special Economic Zones -

2015

Technology Development Centre

Labour and Employee’s State Insurance Department



Assistant Labour Commissioner

Departmental Disaster

Management Plan

Deputy Labour Comissioner

Directorate of Employees’ State

Insurance Scheme

Directorate of Factories & Boilers

Odisha

District Labour Officer

Industrial Tribunal Officer

Labour Court & Tribunal

Labour Directorate Odisha

Odisha Building & Other

Construction Workers Welfare

Board

ESI Scheme

Odisha Shops & Commercial

Establishment Act, 1956

Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana

(RSBY)

Inter State Migrant Workmen

(Regulation of Employment and

Condition of Service) Act, 1979

Aids Control Programme

National Child Labour Project


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page ix

State Labour Institute

Law Department



Legislative Wing

Odisha Superior Judicial Service

Translation Bureau

Commissioner of Hindu Religious

Endowment

Litigation policy

State Human Rights Commission

State Law Commission

State Legal Service Authority

Micro , Small and Medium Enterprises Department



Micro & Small Enterprises

Facilitation Cell

Capital Subsidy Scheme for Technology

Upgradation

Micro & Small Enterprises Cluster

Development Programme (MSE-CDP)

National Manufacturing

Competitiveness Programme (NMCP)

Odisha Food Processing Policy 2016

Odisha MSME Development Policy

2016

Prime Minister’s employment

Generation programme (PMEGP)

Panchayati Raj and Drinking Water Department



Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)

BIJU PUCCA GHAR

Gopabandhu Grameen Yojana

Indira AwaasYojana (IAY)

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural

Employment Guarantee Scheme

(MGNREGS)

National Rural Drinking Water

Programme (NRWDP)

National Rural Livelihood

Mission(NRLM)

Poverty Amelioration Programme

PSA(Panchayat Sashaktikaran Abhiyan)

State Finance Commission Award


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page x




Directorate Of Economics &

Statistics

Directorate of Municipal

Administration

District Planning Committee

Poverty and Human Development

Monitoring Agency (PHDMA)

State Planning Board (SPB)

Western Odisha Development

Council (WODC)

20-Point Programme (TPP)

Annual Survey of Industry (A.S.I.)

Basic Statistics for Local Level

Development (BSLLD)

Critical Gap Fund for District Plan

Scheme

Improvement of Crop Statistics (ICS)

Members of Legislative Assembly Local

Area Development Scheme

(MLALADS)

MPLAD Scheme

Rural Infrastructure Development Fund

(RIDF)

Special Area Development Programmes

(SADP)

The Special Problem Fund (SPF)

Scheme

Human Development towards Bridging

Inequalities (HDBI)

Public Enterprises Department



Orissa State Renewal Fund Society

(OSRFS)

Public Enterprise Selection Board

(PESB)

Industrial Promotion And

Investment Corporation Of Odisha

Limited (IPICOL)

Odisha Industrial Infrastructure

Development Corporation (IDCO)

Inter Corporate Dispute Committee

Odisha State Renewal Fund

Society(OSRFS)

One Time Settlement (OTS) Committee

Project Approval Committee (PAC)

Public and Co-operative Enterprises

Restructuring Committee

Public Enterprise Reforms Programme

Social Safety Net Programme (SSNP)




Architect Wing

Buildings Wing

Design Planning and Investigation

& Roads Wing

Directorate of designs

Central Road Fund (CRF)

Economic Importance Scheme under E

& I Scheme

External Aided Project (EAP) - Odisha

State Road Project (OSRP)


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xi

National Highways Wing

Odisha Bridge & Construction

Corporation Limited (OBCC)

Office of the Engineer-in-Chief

(Civil)

Research Development & Quality

Promotion Wing

State Procurement Wing

World Bank Project Wing

National Bank for Agriculture and Rural

Development (NABARD) Scheme

Road Development Programme

Rural Infrastructure Development Fund

(RIDF)

State Highways Development

Programme (SHDP)

Central Plan – Special Central

Assistance for Vijayawada – Ranchi

Corridor

ISC

Road Connectivity Project for Left

Wing Extremism (LWE)

Odisha State Road Project (O.S.R.P)




Board of Revenue

Land Records and Surveys

Inspector General of Registration

Land Reforms Commissioner

Special Relief Organisation

Odisha State Disaster Management

Authority (OSDMA)

Digital India Land Records

Modernisation Program (DILRMP)

Land Pass Book

Mo Jami Mo Diha Campaign

Nation Population Register (NPR)

Rehabilitation and resettlement policy,

2008

School Certificate Programme

Vasundhara

Integrated Coastal Zone Management

Project (ICZMP)

National Cyclone Risk Mitigation

Project (NCRMP)

Odisha Disaster Recovery Project

(ODRP)




Rural Works organisation

National Rural Drinking Water

Programme (NRWDP)

Odisha State Rural Road Agency

(OSRRA)

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana

(PMGSY)

Swachh Bharat Mission

rural connectivity programme


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xii

School and Mass Education Department



Incentives to Girls for Secondary

Education

Inclusive Education of the Disabled at

the Secondary Stage (IEDSS)

Infrastructure Development in Private

Aided/Un-Aided Minority

Institutions (IDMI)

Outside Training Programme

Scheme for construction and running of

Girls’ Hostel for students of secondary

and higher secondary schools

School Management Committee (SMC)

Science and Technology Department



Biotechnology Wing

Chief Electoral Office

Institute of Material Sciences (IMS)

Institute of Mathematics and

Application (IMA)

Nodal Agency of State Level P.G

Scholarship in Basic Science

Odisha Bigyan Academy

Odisha Renewable Energy

Development Agency (OREDA)

Odisha Space Application Centre

(ORSAC)

Patent Information Centre (PIC)

Pathani Samanta Planeterium

State Council on Science and

Technology

Sub-Regional Science Centres

Biju Patnaik Research Fellowship in

Science

Community & Institutional Biogas

Plants (CBP/IBP)

Draft Biotechnology Policy

Entrepreneurship Development

Programme

Integrated Rural Energy Programme

(IREP)

Mission for Application of Science &

Technology for Plants and Land

Management (MASTPALM)

Natural Resources Data Management

System (NRDMS)

Waste Recycling Resources Recovery

System (WRRRS)

Biotechnology Policy & Resolution

Skill and Entrepreneurship

Development Programme

National Biogas & Manure Management

Programme (NBMMP)

National Programme On Improved

Chulha (NPIC)


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xiii

Policy Guidelines For Raising Of

Energy Plantations And Bio-Diesel

Production

Solar Energy based Dual Pump Piped

Water Supply Scheme

Solar Photovoltaic Programme

Wind Power Project

Skill Development and Technical Education Department



Directorate of Employment & State

Employment Mission

Directorate of Technical Education

& Training

State Council for technical

educational & vocational training

Compulsory Notification Of Vacancies

Act, 1959

Odisha State Employment Mission

(OSEM)

State Employment Mission

Social Security and Persons with Disabilities Department



District Social Security Officer

(DSSO)

Block Social Security Officer

(BSSO)

District Disability Rehabilitation

Center (DDRC) - 8

State Commissioner for Persons

Disability (SCPD)

State institute for Disability

Rehabilitation (SIDR)

Sub-divisional Social Security

Officer (SSSO)

Annapurna Scheme

Bhima Bhoi Bhinnakshyama Samarthya

Abhiyan (BBSA)

Indira Gandhi National Disabled

Pension

Indira Gandhi National old age pension

Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension

Madhu Babu Pension Yojna

Maintenance and welfare of parents and

senior citizens

National Family Benefit Scheme

National Social Assistance Programme

Sports and Youth Services Department



State Youth Welfare Board

Colleges of Physical Education

Integrated Youth Development

Programme

Khelo India- National Programme for

Development of Sports

Odisha State Youth Policy 2013


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xiv

Panchayat Yuva Krida Aur Khel

Abhiyan (PYKKA)

Rajiv Gandhi Khel Abhiyan (RGKA)

ST & SC Development, Minorities & Backward Classes Welfare Department



District & Sub-Divisional Level

Vigilance & Monitoring

Committees

Integrated Tribal Development

Agency

State Level High Power Vigilance &

Monitoring Committee

State Level Monitoring Committee

(SLMC)

Tribes Advisory Council (TAC)

Academy of Tribal Languages and

Culture (ATLC)

Dispersed Tribal Development Project

(DTDP)

Haj Committee

Modified Area Development

Approach (MADA)

Odisha Tribal Development Society

(OTDS)

Odisha Tribal Empowerment &

Livelihoods Programme (OTELP)

Orissa Backward Classes Finance &

Development Cooperative Corporation

(OBCFDCC)

Orissa SC & ST development finance

co-operative corporation ltd (OSFDC)

SC's and ST's Research and Training

Institute

The Odisha Model Tribal Educational

Society (OMTES)

Tribal Development Co-operative

Corporation of Odisha Ltd (TDCCOL)

Wakf Board

Steels and Mines Department



Directorate of Geology

Directorate of mines

Directorate of Steel

Odisha Mining Corporation

Limited (OMC)

National Mineral Policy

Tourism Department




GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xv

Asst. Director (Production)

Asst. Director (Research)

Asst. Director (Statistics)

Deputy Director, Tourism (Field)

Odisha Ecotourism Development

Board (OEDB)

Odisha Tourism Development

Corporation Ltd.

Baristha Nagarika Tirtha Yatra Yojana

Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual

Augmentation Drive (PRASAD)

Tourism Policy

Ecotourism Policy




CAD&WM wing

Finance Wing

Ground Water Development

Land Acquisition Wing

Major & Medium Irrigation Wing

Minor Irrigation Wing

Monitoring Wing

Odisha Lift Irrigation Corporation

Ltd

Rehabilitation and Resettlement

Wing

Water & Land Management

Institute

Water Allocation Committee

Water and Land Management

Institute (WALMI)

Water Resources Board

Irrigation Roads Construction &

Improvement Scheme (IRC&IS)

Biju Krushak Vikas Yojana

Command Area Development

Drainage Improvement Programme

(DIP)

Ground Water Survey & Investigation

organisation

JALANIDHI Cluster MRL

JALANIDHI Cluster STW

Khariff & Rabi Irrigation Programme

National Environment Policy '2006

Project Management Unit (PMU)

Shallow Tube Well

State Data Executive Committee

(SDEC)

State Data Steering Committee (SDSC)

Water Sector Infrastructure

Development Programme (WSIDP)

State Water Policy

Women and Child Development and Mission Shakti



District Child Protection Unit

Juvenile Justice Boards

Odisha State Council for Child

Welfare

State Commission for Protection of

Child rights

State Commission For Women,

Odisha

Anganwadi Centre

Block Level Monitering Committees

(BLMC)

Odisha State Policy for Girls and

Women, 2014

Biju Shishu Surakshya Yojana

District Level Monitering And Rivew

Committee (DLMRC)

Mahila Vikas Samabaya Nigam


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xvi

State Commissioner for Persons

with Disabilities

State Social Welfare Board Odisha

Mission Shakti

National Mission for Empowerment of

Women (NMEW)

Odisha State Child Protection Society

Odisha State Council for Child Welfare

State Appellate Board

State Commission for Persons with

Disability

State Coordination Committee

State Executive Committee

State Resource Centre for Women

Supplementary Nutrition Programme

Women's Self-Help Groups (WSHGs)

District Child Protection Society

Integrated Child Development Services

(ICDS) Scheme


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xvii

Land Use Governance Interaction Matrix

Forests and Protected Areas

Government Department Protected Areas Conservation and Community Reserves Areas of Ecological Importance


Agriculture and Farmer's

Empowerment

- - -

Commerce and Transport - - -

Cooperation Department - - -

Culture - - -

Directorate of Civil

Aviation

Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments

Energy Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments

Fisheries and Animal

Resources Development

Impacted by decisions of other departments - Impacted by decisions of other departments

Forest and Environment


execute schemes, provide technical support,

monitor and approve interventions







Handloom, Textile and

Handicrafts

- - -

Housing and Urban

Development

Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence

Industries Influence, impacted by decisions of other

departments

Influence, impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments

Minorities & Backward

Classes Welfare

- - -

MSME Influence, impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments


departments

Panchayati Raj

- Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,


monitor and approve interventions, impacted

by decisions of other departments

-

Planning and

Convergence










Public Enterprises - - -


Management


departments


departments


departments

Rural Development

- Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest,


monitor and approve interventions, impacted


-

Science and Technology

Provide technical support for Research &

Development, Remote Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and Data Base Management







Skill Development and

Technical Education

- Impacted by decisions of other departments -

ST & SC Development - - -

Steel and Mines Influence, impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments


departments

Tourism Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence

Water Resources Influence, impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments


departments

Works Department - - -

Grasslands, Grazing Land and Pastures

Government Department Protected Areas Conservation and Community

Reserves

Areas of Ecological Importance



Empowerment

Impacted by decisions of other

departments, Influence, provide

technical support for fodder

management




management




management


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xviii

Government Department Protected Areas Conservation and Community

Reserves

Areas of Ecological Importance


Commerce and Transport - - Influence (Opportunity for offering

excess land for fodder production)


Culture - - -

Directorate of Civil Aviation - - -

Energy - - -



Plan, influence, execute schemes,

provide technical support, impacted








Forest and Environment

Plan, influence, develop, maintain,

invest, execute schemes, provide



- Plan, influence, execute schemes,




Handicrafts

- - -

Housing and Urban

Development

Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence

Industries Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence


Classes Welfare

- - -

MSME Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence

Panchayati Raj

Negative Influence Negative Influence Influence, develop, maintain, invest,

execute schemes, impacted by


Planning and Convergence Influence, monitor and approve

interventions

Influence, monitor and approve

interventions


interventions

Public Enterprises - - -


Management













Rural Development

Negative Influence Negative Influence Influence, develop, maintain, invest,

execute schemes, impacted by



Provide technical support for

Research & Development, Remote

Sensing, Spatial Mapping and Data

Base Management




Base Management




Base Management


Technical Education

- - -

ST & SC Development - - -

Steel and Mines - - -

Tourism - - -

Water Resources - Influence, impacted by decisions of

other departments

Influence, impacted by decisions of

other departments


Waterbodies

Government


Agriculture and

Farmer's

Empowerment

Negative Influence Dependency and Negative

Influence

Dependency and Negative

Influence

Negative Influence

Commerce and

Transport

- - - Negative Influence

Cooperation

Department

- - - -

Culture - - - -

Directorate of

Civil Aviation

- - - -

Energy - Dependency and Negative

Influence


Influence

Negative Influence


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xix

Government


Fisheries and

Animal Resources

Development

Influence, invest, execute


support



support



support

Negative Influence

Forest and

Environment




support, monitor and approve

interventions



support



support



support

Handloom,

Textile and

Handicrafts

- - - -

Housing and

Urban

Development

Influence, impacted by decisions



Influence


Influence

Negative Influence

Industries - Influence, impacted by decisions




Negative Influence

Minorities &

Backward Classes

Welfare

- Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Negative Influence

MSME - Influence, impacted by decisions




Negative Influence

Panchayati Raj - Influence, impacted by decisions




Negative Influence

Planning and

Convergence





interventions





interventions





interventions





interventions

Public

Enterprises

- - - -

Revenue and

Disaster

Management









Rural

Development

- Influence, impacted by decisions




Negative Influence

Science and

Technology


Research & Development,

Remote Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and Data Base

Management





Management





Management





Management

Skill Development

and Technical

Education

- - - -

ST & SC

Development

- Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Negative Influence

Steel and Mines - - - Negative Influence

Tourism Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence

Water Resources







interventions, impacted by














Works

Department

- - - -

Agriculture

Government

Department Agro-climatic Zones Cultivated Cultivable Irrigated Irrigable Soil Health

Agriculture and

Farmer's

Empowerment

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

Influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support, and maintain

statistics

Plan, promote,

influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical

Plan, promote,

influence, execute

schemes, provide

technical support, and

maintain statistics

Plan, promote,

influence, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical

Plan, influence,

maintain statistics,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xx

Government


monitor and approve

interventions


statistics


statistics

monitor and approve

interventions,



Commerce and

Transport

- - - - - -

Cooperation

Department

Influenced and

impacted

Influenced and

impacted

Influenced and

impacted

Influenced and

impacted

Influenced and

impacted

Influenced and

impacted

Culture - - - - - -

Directorate of

Civil Aviation

- - - - - -

Energy - - - - - -

Fisheries and

Animal

Resources

Development

- - - - Impacted by decisions


-

Forest and

Environment

Influence, provide

technical support

- - - - -

Handloom,

Textile and

Handicrafts

- - - - - -

Housing and

Urban

Development

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Industries Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence Negative Influence -

Minorities &

Backward

Classes Welfare

Influenced and

impacted

- Influenced and

impacted

- Influenced and

impacted

-

MSME Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

- - -

Panchayati Raj Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Planning and

Convergence

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions

- Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions

- Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions

-

Public

Enterprises

- - - - - -

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Rural

Development

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Science and

Technology

Provide technical

support for Research

& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Skill

Development

and Technical

Education

- Impacted by decisions


- - Impacted by decisions


Impacted by decisions


ST & SC

Development

Influenced and

impacted

- Influenced and

impacted

- Influenced and

impacted

-

Steel and Mines - - - - - Negative Influence

Tourism - - - - - -

Water

Resources

Influence, provide

technical support

Influence, provide

technical support

Influence, provide

technical support

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

Influence, provide

technical support


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxi

Government


schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Works

Department

- - - - - -

Industries

Government

Department Industrial Corridors

Special Investment

Regions

Special Economic

Zones Industrial Estates Industrial Clusters

Individual

Industrial Units

Agriculture

and Farmer's

Empowerment













Commerce

and Transport

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Cooperation

Department

- - - - - -

Culture

- - - - Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

-

Directorate of

Civil Aviation

- - - - - -

Energy

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Fisheries and

Animal

Resources

Development













Forest and

Environment

Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence

Handloom,

Textile and

Handicrafts

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Housing and

Urban

Development

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Industries

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Minorities &

Backward

Classes

Welfare

- Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Incluence and

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

MSME

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxii

Government

Department Industrial Corridors

Special Investment

Regions

Special Economic

Zones Industrial Estates Industrial Clusters

Individual

Industrial Units

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions,



Panchayati Raj - - - - - -

Planning and

Convergence

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions

Plan, influence,

develop, maintain,

invest, execute

schemes, provide

technical support,

monitor and approve

interventions

Influence, monitor

and approve

interventions

Influence, monitor

and approve

interventions

Influence, monitor

and approve

interventions

-

Public

Enterprises

- Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Influence,

Acquisition, impacted


departments

Influence,



departments

Influence,



departments

Influence,



departments

Influence,



departments

Influence,



departments

Rural

Development

- - - - - -

Science and

Technology

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical


& Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Skill

Development

and Technical

Education

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

ST & SC

Development

- Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Steel and

Mines

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

- - Impacted by

decisions of other

departments

Tourism - - - - - -

Water

Resources

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Influence, impacted


departments

Works

Department

- - - - - -

Mines

Government Department Ongoing Mining Mining Potential Mine Deposits


Empowerment

- - -

Commerce and Transport - - -


Culture - - -


Energy - - -



- - -

Forest and Environment Influence Influence Influence


Handicrafts

- - -

Housing and Urban

Development

- - -

Industries - - -


Classes Welfare

- - -


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxiii

Government Department Ongoing Mining Mining Potential Mine Deposits

MSME - - -

Panchayati Raj - - -

Planning and Convergence - Influence, monitor and approve

interventions

-

Public Enterprises Influence, impacted by decisions of

other departments


other departments

-


Management

Plan, influence, monitor and approve

interventions

Plan, influence, monitor and approve

interventions

-

Rural Development - - -


Provide technical support for Research

& Development, Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping and Data Base

Management




Management




Management


Technical Education


departments

- -

ST & SC Development - Impacted by decisions of other

departments

-

Steel and Mines



technical support, monitor and approve

interventions, impacted by decisions of

other departments





other departments





other departments

Tourism - - -

Water Resources Influence, impacted by decisions of

other departments


other departments

-


Tourism

Government

Department

Religious

Tourism

Beach

Tourism

Eco-

Tourism

Business

/Conference

Tourism

Heritage

/Archaeology

Tourism

Festivals

/Fairs

Tourism

Rural

/Agricultural

Tourism

Leisure

/Amusement

/Entertainment

Tourism

Way Side

Amenities

Agriculture

and Farmer's

Empowerment

- - - - - - Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Commerce

and Transport

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

provide

technical

support

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

provide

technical

support

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

provide

technical

support

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

provide

technical

support

Influence,

invest, execute

specific

schemes,

provide

technical

support

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

provide

technical

support

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

provide

technical

support

Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes, provide

technical support

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Cooperation

Department

- - - - - - - - -

Culture

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

Directorate of

Civil Aviation

Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence Influence -

Energy - - - - - - - - -

Fisheries and

Animal

Resources

Development

- - - - - - - - -

Forest and

Environment

- Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

- - - - - -


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxiv

Government

Department

Religious

Tourism

Beach

Tourism

Eco-

Tourism

Business

/Conference

Tourism

Heritage

/Archaeology

Tourism

Festivals

/Fairs

Tourism

Rural

/Agricultural

Tourism

Leisure

/Amusement

/Entertainment

Tourism

Way Side

Amenities

other

departments

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Handloom,

Textile and

Handicrafts

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Housing and

Urban

Development

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest, execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Influence, invest,

execute specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Industries

- - - Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - - -

Minorities &

Backward

Classes

Welfare

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

MSME

- - - Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - - -

Panchayati

Raj

- - - - - Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- -

Planning and

Convergence

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

-

Public

Enterprises

- - - - - - - - -

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Rural

Development

- - - - - Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

- -


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxv

Government

Department

Religious

Tourism

Beach

Tourism

Eco-

Tourism

Business

/Conference

Tourism

Heritage

/Archaeology

Tourism

Festivals

/Fairs

Tourism

Rural

/Agricultural

Tourism

Leisure

/Amusement

/Entertainment

Tourism

Way Side

Amenities

other

departments

other

departments

Science and

Technology

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping

and Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Skill

Development

and Technical

Education

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

ST & SC

Development

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

Steel and

Mines

- - - - - - - - -

Tourism

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain, invest,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support, monitor

and approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Water

Resources

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

Works

Department

- - - - - - - - -

Infrastructure

Government

Department Roads Airports Railways Ports

Inland

Waterways

Other

Logistics

Power

Generation

(Renewable

)

Power

Generation

(Non-

Renewable)

Power

Generation

(Nuclear)

Power Grid

/Sub

Station

Power

Transmissio

n Lines

Agriculture and

Farmer's

Empowerment

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influences

and invests

in agriculture

oriented

logistics like

markets,

granaries,

cold storage

etc.

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Commerce and

Transport

Influence Influence Plan,

influence,

develop,

Plan,

influence,

develop,

- Plan,

influence,

develop,

- - - - Influence


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxvi

Government


Inland

Waterways

Other

Logistics

Power

Generation

(Renewable

)

Power

Generation

(Non-

Renewable)

Power

Generation

(Nuclear)

Power Grid

/Sub

Station

Power

Transmissio

n Lines

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Cooperation

Department

- - - - - Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

- - - - -

Culture - - - - - - - - - - -

Directorate of

Civil Aviation

- Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

- - - - - - - - -

Energy

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Fisheries and

Animal

Resources

Development

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - - - - - - - -

Forest and

Environment

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Handloom,

Textile and

Handicrafts

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

- - - - -

Housing and

Urban

Development

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxvii

Government


Inland

Waterways

Other

Logistics

Power

Generation

(Renewable

)

Power

Generation

(Non-

Renewable)

Power

Generation

(Nuclear)

Power Grid

/Sub

Station

Power

Transmissio

n Lines

Industries

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Minorities &

Backward

Classes Welfare

- - - - - - - - - - -

MSME Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

- - - - -

Panchayati Raj Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

- - - - - - - -

Planning and

Convergence

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Public

Enterprises

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - - Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

Acquisition,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Rural

Development

Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

- - - - - - - -

Science and

Technology

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Skill

Development

and Technical

Education

- - - - - - - - - - -

ST & SC

Development

- - - - - - - - - - -

Steel and Mines

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

invest,

execute

specific

schemes,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Tourism Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

- - - - -

Water Resources Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

- Influence,

impacted by

- - - -


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxviii

Government


Inland

Waterways

Other

Logistics

Power

Generation

(Renewable

)

Power

Generation

(Non-

Renewable)

Power

Generation

(Nuclear)

Power Grid

/Sub

Station

Power

Transmissio

n Lines

decisions of

other

departments

Works

Department

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

, impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

, impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

, impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

, impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

, impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

, impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - - -

Settlements

Government Department Existing Settlement Proposed upcoming Settlements

(Greenfield) Settlement Expansion


Empowerment

- Impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments

Commerce and Transport Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,

provide technical support

Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,





Culture Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted


Energy Influence, invest, execute specific schemes,








impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments


departments

Forest and Environment impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments


departments


Handicrafts


Housing and Urban

Development


execute schemes, provide technical



other departments





other departments





other departments

Industries

Influence, develop, maintain, invest,

execute schemes, impacted by decisions of

other departments



other departments



other departments


Classes Welfare


MSME Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted

Panchayati Raj





other departments





other departments





other departments

Planning and Convergence Influence, monitor and approve

interventions


interventions


interventions

Public Enterprises Influence, impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments


departments


Management

Influence, Acquisition, impacted by






Rural Development Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted












GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxix

Government Department Existing Settlement Proposed upcoming Settlements

(Greenfield) Settlement Expansion


Technical Education


departments


departments


departments

ST & SC Development Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted

Steel and Mines



other departments



other departments



other departments

Tourism Influence, impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments


departments

Water Resources Influence, impacted by decisions of other

departments


departments


departments


Wastelands

Government

Department

Gullied and

Ravinous

Land Affected

with Salinity

/Alkalinity

Degraded

Agriculture &

Forest Land

Degraded

Pastures and

Grazing Land

Sands Industrial

Waste Land

Mining Waste

Land /Closed

Mines

Barren

/Rocky

/Stoney Waste

Land

Agriculture and

Farmer's

Empowerment


execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- -

Commerce and

Transport

Negative Influence - - - - - - -

Cooperation

Department

- - - - - - - -

Culture - - - - - - - -

Directorate of

Civil Aviation

- - - - - - - -

Energy Negative Influence - - - - - - -

Fisheries and

Animal

Resources

Development


execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - -

Forest and

Environment

Plan, influence,

execute schemes,

provide technical

support, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Plan, influence,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan, influence,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - -

Handloom,

Textile and

Handicrafts

- - - - - - - -

Housing and

Urban

Development

Negative Influence - Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

- - -

Industries Negative Influence Negative

Influence

- - Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

- -


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxx

Government

Department

Gullied and

Ravinous

Land Affected

with Salinity

/Alkalinity

Degraded

Agriculture &

Forest Land

Degraded

Pastures and

Grazing Land

Sands Industrial

Waste Land

Mining Waste

Land /Closed

Mines

Barren

/Rocky

/Stoney Waste

Land

Minorities &

Backward

Classes Welfare

- - - - - - - -

MSME - - - - - Negative

Influence

- -

Panchayati Raj

- - Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

Planning and

Convergence

- Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Plan, influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Public

Enterprises

- - - - - - - -

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Influence, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Rural

Development

- - Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

Science and

Technology

Provide technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote Sensing,

Spatial Mapping

and Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Skill

Development

and Technical

Education

- - - - - - - -

ST & SC

Development

- - - - - - - -

Steel and Mines Negative Influence - - - Negative

Influence

- Negative

Influence

-

Tourism

- - - - - - - Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Water

Resources

Influence, impacted

by decisions of

other departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - - - -

Works

Department

- - - - - - - -

Socially Vulnerable


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxi

Government

Department Tribal Areas (PESA) Forest Rights Protection Areas

Agriculture and

Farmer's Empowerment

Plans and gets Impacted by decisions of other departments Plans, influences and gets Impacted by decisions of other

departments

Commerce and

Transport

Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted

Cooperation

Department


Culture Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments

Directorate of Civil

Aviation

- -

Energy - -



Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments

Forest and Environment - Plan, influence, develop, maintain, invest, execute schemes,



Handicrafts


Housing and Urban

Development


provide technical support, monitor and approve interventions,

impacted by decisions of other departments

-

Industries Influenced and impacted -


Classes Welfare







MSME Influenced and impacted -

Panchayati Raj




-

Planning and

Convergence



Influence, monitor and approve interventions

Public Enterprises - -


Management

Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other

departments

Influence, Acquisition, impacted by decisions of other

departments

Rural Development




-

Science and Technology Provide technical support for Research & Development, Remote

Sensing, Spatial Mapping and Data Base Management

Provide technical support for Research & Development, Remote

Sensing, Spatial Mapping and Data Base Management


Technical Education

Impacted by decisions of other departments Impacted by decisions of other departments

ST & SC Development







Steel and Mines Negative Influence Negative Influence

Tourism Influenced and impacted Influenced and impacted

Water Resources







Works Department - -


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxii

Disaster Prone Areas

Government

Department

Cyclone

Prone Zones

Flood Prone

Zones

Tsunami

Prone

Zones

Land Slide

Prone

Zones

Natural Fire

Prone

Zones

Earthquake

Prone

Zones

Water

Scarcity

Prone

Zones

Extreme

Temperatur

e Risk

Zones

Major

Accident

Hazzard

Projects

Nuclear and

Radiologica

l Disasters

Gas Leaks

/Air

Contaminatio

n

Blasts

Water

Contaminati

on

Biological

Contaminati

on

Fire

Agriculture and

Farmer's

Empowerment

Plans and gets

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plans and

gets

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plans and

gets

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plans and

gets

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- - - - - - - - Plans and

gets Impacted

by decisions

of other

departments

Plans and gets

Impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

Commerce and

Transport

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- - - - - - - - - - -

Cooperation

Department

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Culture - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Directorate of

Civil Aviation

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Energy Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Fisheries and

Animal

Resources

Development

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- - Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced and

impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

-

Forest and

Environment

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

- Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influence,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

Handloom,

Textile and

Handicrafts

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Housing and

Urban

Development

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced and

impacted

Influenced

and

impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and

impacted

Industries Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Influenced

and impacted

Negative

Influence

Minorities &

Backward

Classes Welfare

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- - - Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- - Influenced and

impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

-

MSME Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Influenced

and impacted

Negative

Influence


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxiii

Government

Department

Cyclone

Prone Zones

Flood Prone

Zones

Tsunami

Prone

Zones

Land Slide

Prone

Zones

Natural Fire

Prone

Zones

Earthquake

Prone

Zones

Water

Scarcity

Prone

Zones

Extreme

Temperatur

e Risk

Zones

Major

Accident

Hazzard

Projects

Nuclear and

Radiologica

l Disasters

Gas Leaks

/Air

Contaminatio

n

Blasts

Water

Contaminati

on

Biological

Contaminati

on

Fire

Panchayati Raj

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced and

impacted

Influenced

and

impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and

impacted

Planning and

Convergence

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Influence,

monitor and

approve

interventions

Public

Enterprises

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Revenue and

Disaster

Management

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitation

and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitation

and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitation

and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitation

and

Resettlement

Disaster Risk

Reduction

Measures,

Disaster

Mitigation

Measures,

Disaster

Management

Post Disaster

Rehabilitatio

n and

Resettlement

Rural

Development

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced and

impacted

Influenced

and

impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and

impacted

Science and

Technology

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing, Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development

, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Development,

Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Provide

technical

support for

Research &

Developmen

t, Remote

Sensing,

Spatial

Mapping and

Data Base

Management

Skill

Development

and Technical

Education

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

ST & SC

Development

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxiv

Government

Department

Cyclone

Prone Zones

Flood Prone

Zones

Tsunami

Prone

Zones

Land Slide

Prone

Zones

Natural Fire

Prone

Zones

Earthquake

Prone

Zones

Water

Scarcity

Prone

Zones

Extreme

Temperatur

e Risk

Zones

Major

Accident

Hazzard

Projects

Nuclear and

Radiologica

l Disasters

Gas Leaks

/Air

Contaminatio

n

Blasts

Water

Contaminati

on

Biological

Contaminati

on

Fire

Steel and Mines Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Negative

Influence

- Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Negative

Influence

Influenced

and impacted

Negative

Influence

Tourism Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- - - Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

-

Water

Resources

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- Influenced

and impacted

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Influenced

and impacted

Influenced

and impacted

- - - Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest,

execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

Plan,

influence,

develop,

maintain,

invest, execute

schemes,

provide

technical

support,

monitor and

approve

interventions,

impacted by

decisions of

other

departments

-

Works

Department

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -


GIZ - Land Use Planning and Management Project Page xxxv

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH

Land Use Planning and Management (LUPM)

3rd Floor, B-5/2 Safdarjung Enclave New Delhi 110029 India

T: +91 11 4949 5353 F: +91 11 4949 5391

E: [email protected] W: www.giz.de/india; lupm.urban-industrial.in