148
HAL Id: tel-00005765 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005765 Submitted on 5 Apr 2004 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de fréquences dans les circuits pour communications mobiles Olivier Susplugas To cite this version: Olivier Susplugas. Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de fréquences dans les circuits pour communications mobiles. Autre. Ecole nationale supérieure des telecommunications - ENST, 2004. Français. <tel-00005765>

Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

HAL Id: tel-00005765https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005765

Submitted on 5 Apr 2004

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open accessarchive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come fromteaching and research institutions in France orabroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, estdestinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documentsscientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,émanant des établissements d’enseignement et derecherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoirespublics ou privés.

Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à lasynthèse de fréquences dans les circuits pour

communications mobilesOlivier Susplugas

To cite this version:Olivier Susplugas. Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de fréquences dansles circuits pour communications mobiles. Autre. Ecole nationale supérieure des telecommunications- ENST, 2004. Français. <tel-00005765>

Page 2: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��������� ������� ����� ������������� �

� ��� � ���!�����#"$� ��� � �%�& �'� � � �)(*�+�&,�-��.�

��� /0�&1�23�������4��� ��$��� ����� �4�5�'�����6�7� �8�����

����� ����9 9 ������%:��������� 9 �$���������

;=<?>@BADCFEHG%IKJMLNJMAPO�QSR?@BTUIVRNWYX0@

Z\[^]`_H]Hacb dFe6f�]hgjilknm0ocg�pqe6oSr6bs gtil_Ve:u$vYpw]hilknv0_VeDdUoxaSy5rz]he5oSr{e�m|e5b3}.y5_Vyjgjilf�f~oSkc]hg�vYpw]hilkcb#m�e

Z�v0r6]`b

Page 3: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

Page 4: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ������� ��� � �� ���������

�����������! #"%$'&("% #�)$*�+�,".-#-#$��*/0"%1��*23 #�)&(�546"%&#�*2879/:2!;<;>=# (��/0".1?�*23 (� @�0A ��BDCFEHGJI�K:LNMOMQP%RSCTIUMQVFW0K8X0CYAZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A ]

�:A �:A � ^(X,K8X6L9P%RQI[_.P`MQVTW:K8XaCbA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A �?c�:A �:A � ^(Xedgf0K8hiLQVFf0K5_.P`MjVFW0K8X0C(A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A �?c�:A �:A k lmMQMQf.hiVFIHR�Con VFK.dgf0R9G)X6L9VTf:Kqp,CrXes3f0RQLQI�P8MQItA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A � ��:A �:A u ^�n VFKvLQE�W0R9VwL9E\_.P`MQVTW:K8XaCxA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A ��u

�0A �t^yIZMQVFW0K8X0Cz_%XaK8M�P8K5hHVTRNhiP8VwL{_.IZRNX0_.VFfa|}hif:GJG~P%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K8M�AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A �?��:A �%A � ��P%VFM9M9XaK8hHI�M�R9IHCrX6LQVF�0I?M�_.P`MjVFW0K8X0C�IiL{_.IUMQf0Kq�%R9P%VwL�A[AZA[AZA[A[A �?��:A �%A � B�CTE�G,I�KvL9MOMQP%RSCFImL9R9X0VwL9IHGJIHKvLOK+P%GJEHR9Vr�:P8IZ_%PqMQVTW:K8XaCZAZA[AZA[A[A �?��:A �%A k ^yI\LQRNXaVTLQIHGJI�K:LOX0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%IZ_.P`MjVFW0K!XaC5AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A �0c�:A �%A u ^yIZ�%RQP8VwLSL9f0CFEHR9E�AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A �0k

�0A k ^yI�M�K%f:RQGJI�M�s3f0P8RSCTI?M'LQEHCFE�hHf0GJG~P8K%VFh�X6L9VTf:K8M�A[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A �0��:A k8A � ^(Xed*XaGJVTCFCFI[�[�%��AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A �0��:A k8A � �m���O��AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A �0��:A k8A k �m�'�'��AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A�k:c�:A k8A u ��^(�O���{�[�\�S� AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A�kt�

����"����z �1��#�+���`&#���o46�v��=#�+ (/:�+�  ! �.A ���+¡+KvLQ¢8£�MQIZ_zn P%K8IZdgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHItA\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A�k:k

�%A �:A � ¤{Xas%s3IHCrMSMjP8RSCFXeLQ¢8EHf0R9VFIZ_%I�MOMQ¡.M¥L9£HGJI�M�fvMQhHVTCFCFX0KvL9MxA[AZA[AZA[A[A�k:k�%A �:A � ^yI�M�fvMQhHVTCFCFXaLQI�P%R9M¦AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A�k0u

�.A � �\E�K%EHRNXaCFVwL9E�MSMQP%RSCFI�M��3f0P8hHCTI?MSpJ�0IHR9R9f0P%VFCTCrXaW:I{_.I[s%¢!X0MQI§AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A�k:��%A �%A � ¤{Xas%s3IHCzMQP%RSCrX,LQ¢%E�f0R9VTIZ_�n P%K%I[�3f0P8hHCTIUp,�0I�RQR9f0P8VTCFCFX0W0I\_.I[s%¢8X:MjI k:]�%A �%A � ^(X,�!f:P8hiCFI[pe�:IHR9RQf:P%VFCTCrXaW:Im_.I[s%¢!X0MQIZpJ_.VF�+VFMQVFf0KqIHKvLQVF£HR9I�AZA[A[A¨u:u

�.A k ^(Xe�3f0P!hiCFIUpe�:IHR9RQf:P%VFCTCrXaW:I{_.I[s%¢8X:MjI[pJ_.VF�+VFMQVTf:K©dgRNX0hiLQVFf0K%K8IHCFCTI5A[AZA[A[A¨u+ª�%A k8A � ��RQVFK8hiVFs3I�M«AZA[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A¨u+ª�%A k8A � ^yI[hiVFR9hHP%VwL�AZA[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A¨u.¬�%A k8A k ^yI©�%R9P%VTL,_.I­CFX��!f:P8hiCFI5p`�0I�RQR9f0P%VFCFCFX0W0I®_.I­s%¢8X0MQI­p¯_.VF�vVrMQVTf:K

dgRNX0hiLQVFf0K%K8IHCFCTI,A[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A«ª0k�%A k8A u l{s%s%CFVFh�X6L9VTf:K8MA[AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A«ª0�

k

Page 5: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

u ����������� ��������������� �

 §��"���23=(/:$*�����!�v4 4 23=#�*$*$�"%�3�`&(��&#�+$*"%��� �8@k%A � ��¢%EHf:RQVFI A[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0c

k%A �0A � �\EHK8EHRNXaCFVwL9E�M A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0ck%A �0A � ^yXJhHIHCFCTP%CFIUp,RQIHL9X0R9_ A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0ck%A �0A k ^yX,CFVTW:K%I[p,RQIHL9XaRN_�A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�j�k%A �0A u ^Dn X0M9MQIHR9�vVrM9MjI�G,I�KvL'_.P5R9IiL9X0R9_ AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«� �

k%A �t^zI[�%R9P%VTLOXaP! 5Mjf:RjL9VTI?M'_%I�MShiI�CTCFP%CFI�M AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�auk%A �.A � �DR9E�MQIHKvL9XaLQVFf0K5_.I�MS_%V#"�EHR9IHKvL9M��8RQP%VTL9M�A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�:ªk%A �.A � ^zIZ�%R9P%VTL{_%XaK!M�CTIU_.f:G)XaVFK%I\dgRQE?�:P8IHKvLQVFIHC AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�:ªk%A �.A k ^zIZ�%R9P%VTL{_%XaK!M�CTIU_.f:G)XaVFK%I\LQIHGJs3f0R9IHC<A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0]

k%A k ^zIUhHVTRNhiP%VTL AZA[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A ¬ �

k%A k%A � � ¢%f:V# ­_%I�M�s8X0R9X0G,£HLQR9I�M�_.I[�3f0P8hHCTI~A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A ¬ �

k%A k%A � ^yX,CFVTW:K%I[p,RQIHL9XaRN_�A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A ¬6kk%A k%A k ^zI[hHf0KvLQR%$0CFI\_%PqR9IiLNXaRN_®AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A ¬6�k%A k%A u ^zI[hHf0GJs8XaRNX6L9IHP%RS_.I[s8¢8X0MQI A[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«� �

k%A k%A ª ^zI'&8CTLQR9IU_.I[�3f0P8hHCTI A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0kk%A u ^zI[�%R9P%VTLO_.I�MOhHIHCFCTP8CTI?M A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0k

k%A u8A � ^zIZ�%R9P%VTL{_�n P%K%IUhiI�CTCFP%CFIUp,RQIHL9XaRN_­A[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0kk%A u8A � � f0K!hiIHs%LQVFf0K5_.I�M�R9E�MQVFMjL9X0K8hiI?M'� X0RQVrXa�8CTI?M�(�) AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0kk%A u8A k ^zIZ�%R9P%VTL{p,CFXJMQf0RQLQVFIZ_%I�MOhHIHCFCTP%CFI�M A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�:ª

k%A ªtlOs%s8CTVrhHXaLQVFf0K«A[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0]k%A ª.A � �`EHLQ¢%f._.IU_.I[hHf0K8hHIHs.L9VTf:K AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«�0]k%A ª.A � ^zIZG)X0M9�vP%I\A[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«]j�

k%A � � f0K8hHCTP!MjVFf0K A[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«] �

* ��",+ =#$g1��*-#$��*/:".1���2! &(��-y46�v��=#�+ (/:� @.�u8A ���DCFEHGJIHKvL9M{_.IZLQ¢%E�f0R9VTItA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«]0�

u8A �0A � ^yX,GeP%CwL9VTs8CTVrhHXaLQVFf0K`_.I\dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«]0�u8A �0A � �mEiLQI�RQGJVFK8X6L9VTf:Kq_%Pq�8RQP%VTL{_.I[s%¢!X0MQIZp,CrXJMjf:RjL9VTI AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A«]0�u8A �0A k ^yXJMQIHK8MQVF�%VTCFVTLQEU_.P5Mj¡.MjLQ£�G,IUX0P! ©�6XaR9VrX6LQVFf0K!M'_%I[s%RQf.hHE�_.E?M A\A[A���ct�u8A �0A u � f0K!hiCFP8MjVFf0K A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A���c0u

u8A � � VTRNhiP8VwLOIHLOI/ .s!E�RQVFGJIHKvL9XaLQVFf0K A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A���c0uu8A �.A � �m�!0¥I?h LQVTd AZA[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A���c0uu8A �.A � ^zI[hHVTRNhiP%VTL�A[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A���c0uu8A �.A k ^zI?M�RQE?MjP8CwLNX6L9M A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A���cvªu8A �.A u � f0K!hiCFP8MjVFf0K A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A���c:]

����",+ 2z&#=($�".1���2! &#�`-#�#"%�?� �3�!�ª.A ���DR9VTK8hHVTs3IU_.I[CrX,G,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K5K+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%I­A[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A�� � �

ª.A �0A � � f0K!M¥L9RQP8hiLQVFf0K5_.IZCFX,dgf:K8h L9VTf:K2143658791;: AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A�� � �

ª.A �0A � ^zI[MQs!I?h L9RQIU_.P`MQVTW:K8XaC�GJf._.P%CFE`AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A�� ��uª.A �tlORNhN¢%VTLQI�hiLQP%R9IJA[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A�� �?�

ª.A �.A � ^zIZs3f0VFKvLQIHP8RxA\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A�� �6¬ª.A �.A � ^zIZGJf._.P%CrX6L9IHP%ROK+P%GJE�RQVr�vP%IxA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A�� �0cª.A �.A k �'VTCrXaK­A[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A�� � �

ª.A k ^Dn I/ .s3EHR9VTGJIHKvLNX6LQVFf0K A\A[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[A�� �0k

Page 6: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ���8� ��� � � ������������� ªª%A k8A � ^(X,RQE?XaCFVFM9X6L9VTf:K©MjP8R{MjVFCFVFhHVTP%G AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A � �0kª%A k8A � � I�Rjdgf:RQG)XaK!hiI�M�hHf0GJGJIZMQ¡+KvLQ¢%EHLQVrMjI�P%RO_.I\dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M A[AZA[A[A � �:ªª%A k8A k l{s%s%CFVFh�X6L9VTf:K8MA[AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A � �0�

ª.A u � f:K8hiCFP8MQVTf:K A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[A\A[AZA[AZA[A[AZA[AZA[A\A[A[AZA[AZA[AZA[A[A � �0���� �:1?�v4 ; �* #".1���2! �&#��$*" &#�+ (�?�g1?����-��+/a1H46"%$���&#��$�">�?2!4?1?�*��&#��$�" /0�+$*$�=($��� &��T=# (��$��*�3 (���¯46�:1?".46& �. 3 

� � �:1?�v4 ; �* #".1���2! &(��$*">1H46"% #��/:2! #&#=(/01�"% #/0��� &(= 1H46"% #��/:2! #&(=#/a1?�+=y4&#= /023 �1H4 �!$��+=y4©&#�`46�v1�".46& �.  �

��� �v #�?�g1��[��-��+/a1�46"%$*�U&��T=# #�[�o23 #/a1���2! `�v46�32z&(����=(�[�v1S/a�z/:$*2879��1�".1?�*23 ( #"%�*4 ��. ��

����� �v1�&(� $*"�&(���H- �:46�?�*23 &(�+���%"%$��+=y46��&#�+�`&(�+$*"8�*�`�?=y4�$*�<��-��+/a1�46� &#=�?�*�3 ("%$'&#�`��2!4 1��*�`&#= ;>=($*1��g- $*���+=y4J&(����46�+��=#�v #/0�+� � *(�

� ����-#"%�)�o46�+��=(�+ �1?�*�+$������e&#= ; 2z&(=#$*"%1��+=y4)&#���o46�v��=#�+ (/:�+� � *� 

Page 7: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ����������� ��������������� �

Page 8: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� ¦��� ����� ���� �

^(XmMQ¡+K:L9¢%£�MQI�_.I�dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?M#I�MjL P8K%IS_.I�M(dgf0K!h LQVFf0K!M I�M9MjI�K:L9VTI�CTCFI�M#_�n P%K)hiVFR9hHP%VTL#E�CTI?h LQR9f0K%|Vr�vP%IO�vP%IHCr�vP%IOMjf:VwL CTIO_.f:G)XaVFK%IO_�n Xas%s%CFVrhHX6L9VTf:K:�vP%IOhHI{MQf0VTL�hiIHCFP%V3_.ISC�n XaP%LQf0GJf:�%VTCFI�v_.I�ML9EHCFE�hif:GJG~P%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K8M�AFATA¦l{P MjI�VTK�G �HGJI�_zn P%K hHVTRNhiP8VwL�'CrX MQ¡vKvL9¢%£�MQI�_.I`dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?MI?M¥L�P.L9VTCFVrMjE�I p _.I�M�&8K8M�_%VT�:IHRNMjI?M�� W:EHK%E�RQI�R`P%K%I<¢%f:RQCFf0W:I>MQ¡+K8hN¢%R9f0K%VrM9XaKvL�_.I�M`s8RQf0|hHI�M9MjP8MZK+P%GJE�RQVr�vP%I�MU_%I)LQRNXaVTLQI�G,I�KvL~_.P<MjVFW0K!XaC�hHf0GJGJI)CTI?MUhif:Kv�:IHRNMjVFf0K!M\X0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%IH|K+P%GJEHR9Vr�:P8I~IiL[K+P%GJEHR9Vr�:P8Ii|}XaK8X0CTf:W0Vr�:P8I�8Con E�hN¢8X0K:L9VTCFCFf0K8X0W0Ie_%I,MQVTW:K8XaP �AFAFA��_%X0K8M\CTI)_.f0|G)XaVFK%IDX0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%I�Hhif:G,GJI fvMQhHVTCFCFXaLQI�P%R�CTf.h�XaCas3f0P%RzLQRNXaK8MQCFXaLQI�R�CTIDMQVTW:K8XaC:_�n P8K%I dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHIp,P%K%IUX0P.LQR9I0AFAFA^zI?M~hN¢8X0GJs8M~_�n Xas8s%CTVrhHXaLQVFf0K<_.I©CFX�MQ¡+KvLQ¢%£?MjI©_%I)dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M~� X0RQVFIHKvL~IHLe�:f0KvLUK%Ei|

hHI�M9MjVTLQI�R\_.I,CrX©s8X0RjLZ_.P�Mj¡+KvLQ¢%EHLQVrMjI�P%RZ_.I�MZ�vP8XaCFVTLQE�M\_.V "3E�RQI�KvLQI�M��{s8RQE?hiVrMjVFf0K�MjL9X0�%VTCFVTLQE��+VTLQI�M9MQI{_�n X0hH�vP%VrMQVwL9VTf:KvhHf0K8MQf0GJG)X6L9VTf:K:hHf��.L'_.IOd*X0�%RQVrhHXaLQVFf0KzAFAFA#l{P 0¥f0P%RN_�n ¢+P%V�vCFI�M'Mj¡.Mj|L9£HGJI�M��8X0MQE�M MjP%R CFXU�!f:P8hiCFImp[�:IHR9RQf:P%VFCTCrXaW:I�_%I{s%¢8X:MjI��g��^(^�� Mjf:K:L CTI?MDs%CFP8M s!f:s%P%CrXaVFRQI?Ms3f0P%R\R9E�XaCFVrMjI�R{P%K%I,L9IHCFCTIedgf0K8hiLQVFf0K>hHXaR\VFCFM\s3f:M9Mj£?_.IHKvL\_%IeK%f:G~�%R9IHP!MjI?Mm�vP8X0CTVTLQE?MmhHVwL9EHI�Ms%R9E�hHE�_.I�GJG,I�KvL�IHL{Mjf:KvLS_%IH�0I�K+P8M�XaP 0¥f:P%R9_zn ¢+P%Vz_.I?MOXaRNhN¢%VTLQI?h LQP8RQI?M G)X��FL9RQVrMjE�I�M�A� IHs3IHK!_%XaKvL�+VFC�I�MjL'XaP!MQMQV!VFKvLQE�RQI?MQM9XaKvL _�n EiL9P8_.VFIHRS_�n XaP.L9RQI?M�X0R9hN¢%VTLQI?h L9P%RQI?M��vP%V�._%XaK8M

hHIHRQL9XaVFK%I?MSMjVTLQP8XaLQVFf0K8M�8s3IHR9GJIiLQLQIHKvLm_%IURQE�s!f:K8_.R9I\LQf0P%LmXaP.LNXaKvLmX0P! qXaLjLQI�KvLQI�M{_.I�Mmhif0K%|hHIHs.L9IHP%RNMyIHL#�vP%V+f0KvL _.I�M �vP8XaCFVTLQE�M#�vP%I�CFI�M#��^(^yM#XaK8X0CTf:W0Vr�vP%I�MyKzn f:KvL(s8X:M��zCrXOs3f:M9MQVT�%VFCFVwL9E_�n �iL9RQIZI�K:L9VT£�RQI�GJIHKvLSVTKvLQE�W0R9EHI?M'_8XaK8MS_.I?MOhiVFRNhiP%VTL9M�K+P%GJEHR9Vr�:P8I�M�A�mI�M)MjLQR9P8h L9P%RQI?M,�8X0MQEHI?M,MQP%RJCFI�M,�!f:P8hiCFI�M)p¯�0I�RQR9f0P8VTCFCFX0W0I©_%IqR9IiLNXaRN_����m^(^��es!I�Rj|

GJIiLQLQI�K:L5_.I�MQ¡+K:L9¢%EiL9VFMQIHR­_.I�M®dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�M�A � IHCFCTI?M¥|}hiVOf:KvL©C�n X �6XaKvL9X0W0I`_�n �iL9RQI�R9E�X0CTVrMj|X0�%CTI?M X �:I�h{P%K­s8RQf.hiE?_.EZ�¯�Z�)CrXaR9W0I�G,I�KvL R9EHs8X0K8_.P©IHL's3IHP5hif:P.LQI�P! �+IiLSs!I�P%�0I�KvL��HLQR9IhHf0GJs%CF£iLQI�GJIHKvL\VFKvLQE�W0RNXa�%CFI�M�A[^Dn f0�!0¥I?h LQVTd _.I)hHIiLjL9I~L9¢%£�MQI,I�MjL[_%Ie�:f0VFR\hHf0GJGJIHKvLZ_%IHP! MQ¡+K:L9¢%EiL9VFMQIHP8R9MS_.IZdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?MS_�n XaRNhN¢%VwL9I�hiLQP%R9I�MS_.V "�EHR9IHKvLQI?M��8X0MQEHI?MSMjP%Rm_.I�MO�\^y^(M��gCFI�MGeP%CwL9VTs8CTVrhHXaLQIHP8R9MO_%I[dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�MSs!XaROP%K`I�KvLQVFIHR{IHL{s8X0ROP%K`K%f:G~�%R9IZdgR9X:h L9VTf:K%K%IHC ��s3IHP.|�:IHKvL(R9IHGJs%CrX0hHIHR _.I�M(dgf0K!h LQVFf0K!M(R9E�X0CTVrM9Xa�%CFI�M#�vPzn X �:I�h _.I�M(LQI?hN¢%K%Vr�vP%I�M _.VTLQI?M#X0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%I?M��XaRNhN¢%VwL9I�hiLQP%R9I�+s%R9f.hiE�_%EmL9I�hN¢%K8f0CFf0W0Vr�vP%I��iAl�&!KU_.I GJVTI�P! Z_%VFM9hiI�RQK%I�R�CTI?Mz�vP8XaCFVTLQE�MzRQE�IHCFCTI?Mz_.I�My_.IHP! ZMj¡+KvLQ¢8EiLQVrMQIHP%RNMz_.I dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?M

�8X:MjE?M�MjP%RSCFI�M{�m^(^yMO�vP%VzMQf0KvLSC�n f0� 0¥IiL{_.IUhHIiLjL9IZLQ¢%£?MjIZIHLOIHK5s8XaRQLQVrhiP8CTVFIHRSCFIHP%RNM�s3IHRQdgf0RQ|G)XaK!hiI�MJI�K �%R9P%VwL��K%f0P8M©hif0K!MQX:hiR9IHR9f0K8MeCTI�s%RQI�GJVTI�R®hN¢8Xas%VTLQR9I�p�CrX�s%RQE?MjI�KvL9X6L9VTf:K _%ICrX)s%CrX0hHIe_.I?MmMQ¡+K:L9¢%EiL9VFMQIHP8R9Mm_.IUdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?M{_%X0K8M{CFI�M\XaRNhN¢%VTLQI?h LQP8RQI?MO_.IJhiVFR9hHP%VwLNMOs3f0P%RCFI�Mehif0GJGeP%K%VrhHX6L9VTf:K8MUGJf:�%VTCFI�M�A�� f0P8Rehif:GJs%RQI�K8_.R9I)CTI?M~I�K 0¥IHP �s8¢v¡.MQVF�vP%I?M~X0P! %�:P8IHCrMCon VFK%W:EHK%VFIHP%R�I?M¥L{hHf0K.dgR9f0KvLQE�+K%f0P8MSX0P%R9f0K8M'�3I�MQf0VFKq_.I[RNXas8s!I�CTI�R��vP%I�CF�vP%I?M�EHCFEHGJIHKvLNMSMjP%RCFI[MjVFW0K8X0C�� M9X,K8X6L9P%RQIZIHL{Mjf:K©L9R9X0VwL9IHGJIHKvLl�&!KU_�n X �:f0VFR�P%K%ID�+VrMjVFf0KZf0� 0¥I�h L9VT�:I _.I�M�s3IHRQdgf0R9G)XaK8hHI�M�_.I?MyMQ¡+K:L9¢%EiL9VFMQIHP8R9M�_.I dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?M

R9E�X0CTVrMjE?M��K%f:P8M\LQRNXaVTLQI�RQf:K8M\_%XaK8MZCFI)_.IHP +VF£HGJI)hN¢8X0s%VwL9RQI�y_.IJCon EHLQP8_.I)_.P MQ¡+K:L9¢%EiL9VFMQIHP8R¬

Page 9: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ����������� ��������������� �

_.I5RQEHdgEHR9IHK8hHI��­CFX>�3f0P8hHCTI5p>�0IHR9R9f0P%VFCTCrXaW:I©_.I5s%¢8X:MjI:A�� I­L¥¡+s!I`_.I`MQ¡vKvL9¢%EiL9VFMQIHP%RJI?M¥LI/"�I�hiLQVF�0IHGJI�K:LUhHf0P%RNXaGJGJIHKvLZP.LQVFCTVrMQE®_%XaK8M\CFI�M[hHVTRNhiP%VTL9M[X0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%I?MHA��Of0P!MZK%f0P8M[XaLj|L9X:hN¢%IHR9f0K8M�pUIHK­R9X0s%s3IHCFIHR�CFI�M s%R9VTK!hiVFs!I?MDdgf:K8_%XaGJGJIHKvLNXaP! JL9X0KvL'MQP%R CFI{s8CFX0K)LQ¢%E�f0R9VF�vP%I�vP%I[MjP%RSCFI[s%CrXaK5_.I�MORQE?MjP%CTL9XaL9M�A�Of0P!M{hif:K8M9X0hiR9IHR9f0K!M CFI[L9RQf:VFMQVT£�GJIUhN¢8Xas%VTLQR9IUXaP�hHf+IHP%R{_%I�M{_%IHP! `Mj¡+KvLQ¢8EiLQVrMQIHP%RNMO_.I

dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M[EHLQP8_%VTE?M��JCrX`�!f:P8hiCFI©p`�:IHR9RQf:P%VFCTCrXaW:I,_.I©RQIHL9XaRN_�A��Of:P8MUs8RQf:s!fvMjI�RQf:K8MZP%K%I_.I�M9hiR9VFs.LQVFf0KJL9¢%EHf:RQVr�vP%I�:s%RQE?hiVrMjI�v_%I�MDs3IHRQdgf0R9G)XaK8hHI�M�IHK)�%R9P%VTL'�vP%I{Con f0K)s3IHP.LSX6LQLQIHK!_.RQI_.IUhiI?MSMj¡.MjLQ£�G,I?MHA^zI��vP8XaLQR9VT£�G,I hN¢8X0s%VTLQR9I s%RQE?MjI�KvLQIHRNX P%K[s%R9IHGJVTI�R�L¥¡+s!ID_%I�Mj¡+KvLQ¢8EiLQVrMQIHP%Rz_.IDdgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�M

MjP!hHhiI�s.LQVF�%CFI�_�n �iL9RQI¯VTKvLQE�W0R9E�_%XaK!M®P%K%I>Xas%s8CTVrhHXaLQVFf0K _.I�RNX0_%VTf0| hHf0GJG~P%K8VFh�X6LQVFf0KyAx� IMj¡+KvLQ¢8EiLQVrMQIHP%RJ_.I­dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�MUEHL9X0K:LJs%CFP8M,s8XaRQLQVrhiP8CTVF£HR9IHGJIHKvLe_%E�_.VFEqX0P! <Xas%s8CTVrhHXaLQVFf0K8MK+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%I?M�Ss3IHP _�n EHLQP8_%I�MqX � X0VTI�KvL©EiL9E 0¥P8M9�vPzn VFhHV\hHf0K8M9X0hHRQE�I�M®p C�n XaK8X0CT¡.MQI�_.I>Mjf:K�%R9P%VwLO_.I\s%¢8X:MjI:A��Of0P!M s8RQf:s!fvMjI�RQf:K8M�_.f:K8hmP%K%I\dgf0R9G~P%CrX6L9VTf:K®s%R9E�hHVFMQI\_%IZMQf0K­�%R9P%VwLS_.Is%¢8X:MjIZs%R9f.hN¢%I[_.IZCFX,s3f0RQLQIHP!MjI�8�vP%IZK%f0P8MShHf0K.dgR9f0KvL9IHR9f0K8M�p,C�n I/ .s3EHR9VTGJI�K:LNX6L9VTf:KzA^zIZhiVFK8�vP%£HGJIZhN¢8Xas%VTLQR9IOL9R9X0VwL9I\_zn P%KqMj¡+KvLQ¢8EiLQVrMQIHP%RS_.ImdgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M s%R9f0W0RNXaGJG)Xa�8CTI?M

f0R9VTW:VTK!XaCoA��{f0P8M[X0P%RQf:K8MZ_.f0K!hJs!f:P%R[f0�!0¥I?h L9Vwd*M[_�n IHK _.E &8K%VFR[CFXqL9¢%EHf:RQVFI,IiL~_.I)�6XaCFVr_.IHRhiI�CTCFIi|}hiV[s8X0R5CTI>LQI?M¥L�_zn P%K hiVFRNhiP%VTL`s%RQf0LQf0L¥¡vs3I0A��Of:P8M5s%R9E�MQIHKvLQI�RQf:K8M­C�n VTKvL9EHR �iL��vPzn VFCs%R9E�MQIHKvLQI{X0P 0¥f0P8R9_�n ¢+P%V8_%X0K8MDCrX[L9IHK8_8XaK8hHI{X0hiLQP%I�CTCFI{_.ImCFXUhHf0K8hHIHs.L9VTf:K®_.I{hHVTRNhiP%VTL9M s3f0P%R_.I�MSMQ¡.M¥L9£HGJI�M�GeP%CTLQVT|oK%f:RQGJI?MHA

Page 10: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ,�#���6� � � �

� � ��� � �¨� ��� � ���� �������S� � �� ���� �

�� ���������� � �«� � � � � � �� ���� �

��� ����������� ������^zI?MJs%R9f0W0R9£�MeL9I�hN¢%K%f:CTf:W0Vr�vP%I�M,_.I`CrX>MQI�hHf0K8_%IqGJf:VwL9VTE�_.P����m£HGJI�MQVT£?hiCFI`f0KvL)RQEH|

�:f0CFP.LQVFf0K%K8E[CTI?MOGJf6¡0I�K8MS_.IehHf0GJG~P8K%VF�vP%I�R�A�� IiLjL9IUs3EHR9VTf._.I~X®�vP`CrX)_.E�G,f.hHR9XaLQVrMQXaLQVFf0K_.I?M f0RN_.VFK8X6L9IHP%RNM#s!I�R9MQf0K%K8IHCrM IiL�_.I?M LQI�RQGJVFK8XaP! eG,f:�%VFCTI?MHAa^�n E�CTI?h LQR9f0K8VF�vP%IS_.I��vVFIHKvLDP%K8IL9I�hN¢%K%f:CTf:W0VFIeG)XaLQP%R9I0Az^yI�M\dgP.L9P%RQI?M[K%f:RQGJI�MZs8RQf:G,IHLjL9IHKvLU_.I�M[s3f:M9MQVT�%VFCFVwL9E�MZIHK!hif0R9I)X0hi|hHRQP%I?MyI�K~L9IHR9GJI�M _.I'dgf0K8hiLQVFf0K8M#IHL _%I�_%EH�%VTLD_.IS_.f0K%K8EHI�M�A6lOPJhif+IHP8R _%I'hHI�M R9EH�0f:CTP%LQVFf0K8M�K%f:P8MSR9IiL9RQf:P%�0f:K8M'CTI?MOs%R9f0W:RQ£?M�d*X0VwLNM{_%X0K8MSCFI[LQRNXaVTLQI�GJIHKvL{_.P�MQVTW:K8XaCzIHLmhiI�P! ©d*X0VwL\_%XaK8MCrX,GJX��FL9RQVrMQIZ_%I�M'LQI?hN¢%K%f:CTf:W0VFI�M'CTVFEHI?MSXaP! qMjI�G,VT|}hif0K!_.P8h L9IHP%RNM�A�ZXaRNXaKvL9VTR\C�n VFK.dgf0R9G)X6LQVFf0K¯_.IeCon I/ .s!E?_.VTLQIHP8RZX0P¯_.I?M¥L9VTK!X6L9X0VTR9I~VFGJs!fvMjIJXaP!MQMQV CFX©GJX��F|

L9RQVrMjI[_.P`MQVTW:K8XaC�IHL{CrX,hHf0K%K!XaVrMQM9XaK8hHI\_%I[C�n IHK+�+VTR9f0K8K%IHGJIHKvLSs3IHRQLQP%R9�8X6L9IHP%R?A3�mn I�MjLOs!f:P%RQ|�vP%f:V��K%f:P8M[hif:GJG,I�K8hiI�RQf:K8M\s8XaRZRNXas%s3IHCFIHRU�vP%I�CF�vP%I?MZK%faL9VTf:K8M[MQP%R[CTI)MQVTW:K8XaCoA �Of:P8MZCFIR9IHs%CrX0hHIHR9f0K8M s8X0ROCFX)MQP%VTLQIU_%X0K8MSMQf0K`hif:K:L9I/ +LQI �3XaP`MjI�VTK5_�n P%K%I~X0s%s%CFVFh�X6L9VTf:Kq_.I[RNX0_%VTf0|hHf0GJG~P%K8VFh�X6LQVFf0KyA

�!" #%$'&)(+* �� �,-,��.� $'* ,���/��.0 $��� ����������� �������OKqMjVFW0K!XaC�MjI\hHXaRNX0hiLQE�RQVrMjISs!XaR�MQX~K8X6L9P%RQImIiL�s8XaR'MQXUdgf0K8hiLQVFf0KzA21}C3s!I�P.LOhif:K:L9IHK%VFR�CFI�M

VFK.dgf0R9G)X6L9VTf:K8M�RQI�CFXaLQVF�0I?M'pJCrXJ�0f:V# ­f0P5XaP! 5_.f0K%K8EHI�M�E�GJVFMQI�M�A8l�&!K�_�n �HLQR9IZLQRNXaK8MQGJVFM�.CFIMQVTW:K8XaC�I?M¥L\hif._.E[s%P%VrM{X:MQMQf.hiVFE[pJP%K%IUf:K8_.IUXas8s!I�CTE�I�3¥s3f0RQLQI�P8MjI'4NA%^�n VFK.dgf:RQG)X6L9VTf:K5EiL9X0KvLVFKvLQVFG,I�GJIHKvLOCTVFEHI[X0P©L9IHGJs8M�%P%K%I[¢%f:RQCFf0W:ImMQ¡+K8hN¢%R9f0K%VrMjI\CFI�MS_.V "3E�RQI�KvLQI�MOEiL9X0s!I?MS_.I[Mjf:KL9R9X0VwL9IHGJIHKvL�A

]

Page 11: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��c���������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

��������� � X��NX �jRNOtA#CUR�@�JMW!�?XxIlOP hHf0P%RNM�_.I Mjf:K LQRNXaVTLQIHGJI�K:L�{CFI MQVTW:K8XaC~s!I�P.L�hN¢!XaK%W:IHR�_.I K8X6L9P%RQI:A{�DR9IHK8f0K8M

C�n I/ .I�G,s8CTI[_�n P%K%IUhHf0GJG~P%K8VFh�X6LQVFf0K©LQE�CTE�s%¢%f0K8VF�vP%I:A%^yX,�0f:V# ©_.IZCrX,s!I�R9MQf0K%K8ImE�G,IHLjL9RQVrhiIMjP8�%VwLmP%K%IeMQEHR9VFIU_.I[LQRNXaK!M¥dgf:RQG)X6L9VTf:K 0¥P!MQ�vPzn XaP�_.I?M¥L9VTK!X6L9X0VTR9I �!l C�n f0R9VFW0VFK%I[CFXJ�:f0V ­I?M¥LP%K%I'f0K8_%I GJf._.P%CFEHI'IHK~dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI IHL#I�KeXaGJs%CFVTLQP8_.I:Aa^Dn f0K8_%I'MQf0K%f:RQI XaR9RQVF�0I�X0Peh�Xas.L9IHP%R_.PqLQE�CTE�s%¢%f0K8I[IiLOI�MjL{hif:K+�0IHRQLQVFI\IHK5f0K8_%I\E�CTI?h L9RQVr�vP%I �*MQf0P8M�CrXedgf0R9GJIU_�n P8K5hHf0P%RNXaKvL � pC�n IHKvL9RQE�Im_.P5hiVFR9hHP%VTL�A+�DCFCTI\I�MjLSKvP8G,E�RQVrMQEHImX &8K­_zn �HLQR9I{L9R9X0VwL9EHI0A+�OK8Imdgf:VFM'hif._.E�I�+IHCFCFImI?M¥LRQI?hif:Kv�:IHRQLQVFIUIHK>XaK8X0CTf:W0Vr�vP%IUs3f0P%R �iL9RQIJX0M9MQf+hHVTE�Iep­P%K%I,s!f:RjL9IHP8MQI,IiL[XaGJs%CFV#&8E�I,X �6X0K:L_�n �iLQR9I[EHGJVrMjIUMQf0P!MSMQX,dgf:RQGJI[EHCFI�hiLQR9fa| G)XaW0K8EiLQVr�vP%IZ�:P8VzCTP8Vys3IHR9G,IHLjL9R9X)_�n X6LQLQI�VTK8_%RQI[P%KRQI�CFX0V(f#"�CFI,MQVFW0K8X0C MQIHRNX®I�K8hif:RQIeP%K%Iedgf0VrMmLQRNXaK8Mjdgf0R9GJE~IHK¯�+P>_�n �iL9RQIJ_�n X0hN¢%I�GJVTK%E,�0I�R9MCTIeRQI�CFX0VyCFI~s%CFP8Mms%R9f+hN¢8I~_.P�_.I?M¥L9VTK!X6L9X0VTR9I0AFAFA�� IiL\I/ .IHGJs%CFI~VFCFCTP8MjLQR9I~�8VTI�K�CTI~d*XaVTL\�vP%IeCTIMjVFW0K!XaC8hN¢8X0K%W0IShHf0K8MjL9X0G,GJI�K:L�_%IOK8X6L9P%R9IOX &8K)_.IOGJVFIHP! J�0f6¡vXaW:IHR _%XaK8MDCTIOGJVFCTVFIHP®_8XaK8MCTI?�vP%IHC�VFCyMQImL9RQf:P%�0IZIHLOs!f:P%R�LQRNXaK8MQs3f0RQLQIHR�Con VFK.dgf:RQG)X6L9VTf:Kq�vPzn VFCyhif:K:L9VTI�KvL�A^zI�MQVTW:K8XaC�IiL®Con VTK.dgf:RQG)XaLQVFf0K �vPzn VFC{hif:K:L9VTI�KvL)MQI`hHX0R9X:h LQE�RQVrMQI©s8X0R,s8CTP8MQVFIHP%RNMJs8XaRNX6|

GJ£iLQR9I�M �zMQf0K�XaGJs%CFVwL9P8_.I�zMQX©dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHIJIiLUMQX­s%¢8X:MjI�3LQf0P%LQI�M\L9RQf:VFMZ_.E�s!I�K8_%X0K:L9I�M[_.PLQI�G,s!MHA��OK%I¯IHR9RQI�P%R©MQP%R©Con P%K¦_�n IHP! �IiLqC�n VFK.dgf0R9G)X6LQVFf0K s3IHP%L �iL9RQI�VTR9RQE��0I�R9MQVT�8CTI�G,I�KvLXaCTLQE�RQE�I0A��XaVrM)Con I�Kv�+VFRQf:K%K%I�G,I�KvL)_%P MjVFW0K8X0CSs!I�P.L­hHf0R9RQf:G,s8RQI5Mjf:K hHf0KvLQI�K+PzA�^zI?M)hiR9VwL9£HR9I�M

_�n VTK+�+P%CFK%EHRNXa�%VFCFVwL9E{VFG,s3f:MQE�M�X0P©MjVFW0K!XaC�_.EHs3IHK8_%IHKvLO_.I\M9X[dgf:K8h L9VTf:KzA.^yXe_.P8XaCFVTLQEmLQIHGJs8Mj|dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�CTVFISCTI?M IHR9R9IHP%RNM(LQIHGJs3f0R9IHCFCTI?M XaP! ,IHR9RQI�P%RNMydgR9E��vP%I�KvLQVFIHCFCTI?MHAa�\XaK8MDCTIOh�X0M _�n P%K%Ihif:G,GeP%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K¯LQEHCFEHs8¢%f0K%Vr�vP%I­�[�.�«f#"�CTI?MUhHX0K8XaP! �XaCFCTf:P%E�M[X0P! ¯P%LQVFCTVrMQXaLQI�P%R9M~Mjf:K:LEiL9RQf:VwLNM�DCFI�M­Mjs3E�hHV#&3hHX6L9VTf:K8M)I�K�LQIHR9GJI�_.I��8RQP%VTL®dgR9E��vP%I�K:L9VTI�CmMQf0KvL®s%CFP8M©MQEH�:£HR9I�M)�vP%IhiI�CTCFI�M'_�n P%K­MQ¡.M¥L9£HGJIm�m�'�'� I�K©s8X0RjL9VTI\_.P®d*X0VwL�_�n P8K©K%f:G~�%R9I{GJf0VFK8_.R9Im_zn P.L9VTCFVrMQXaLQIHP8R9Ms!f:P%RSP%K%IUMQP%RQd*X0hHIZ_%f0K%K%E�I0A�������%$ � X'&)(!��*��jJ�(!�*C?R�@�JMW!�?X0I� �F�(2!46$*23�!�^zI�M{s%R9f+hHI�M9MjP!MO_.P`L9R9X0VwL9IHGJIHKvLm_.P¯MjVFW0K8X0Czf0KvL{�3I�MQf0VFK�_�n �iL9RQIeMj¡+K8hN¢%R9f0K8VFMQE�MS_.I~d*X6|

+ f:KJp[M�n I/"�I�h L9P%IHR _%XaK8M CFIO�3f0KJf0RN_.R9I�IiLDK%IOs!X0M f0P8�%CTVFIHR _.I�M VFK.dgf:RQG)X6L9VTf:K8M f0PJs%R9IHK!_.RQIIHK hif:GJs.LQI�CrX�G �HGJI`s%CFP8MQVTI�P%R9M)dgf0VrMHA��\XaK!M®CFI�M®hHVTRNhiP%VTL9M®KvP8G,E�RQVr�vP%I�M�DCFI�M®_%f0K%K%E�I�Ms%R9f6�0IHK!XaKvL _%I ,Hf0K8I�M G~P8CwL9VTs%CFI�M�p[_.I�M VFK8MjL9X0K:LNM _.V "3E�RQI�K:LNMDMQf0KvL G,E�GJf0R9VFMQEHI?M s%P%VrM CTVF�3Ei|RQE�I�MSs3f0P8RmMQIHR9�vVFRO_.IeK%f0P%�:I�X0P! ©s%R9f.hiI�M9MQP8MSCFf0W0Vr�vP%I�M�A8�{K�MjVFW0K8X0Cy�vP%IUK%f:P8MOK8f0GJGJf0K8M3¥¢8f0R9CTf:W0I 4ZRQ¡vL9¢%GJI~hiI?M{EHL9Xas3I�M�A��mn I�MjLmI�K�W0E�K%EHRNXaCyP%K�MQVTW:K8XaCzs3EHR9VFf+_%VF�vP%I:A �{f0P8MOLQR9f0P.|�0f:K8M~_.I?MU¢%f:RQCFf0W:I�MU_8XaK8MeCTI?M[L9R9X0K8M¥dgf:RQG)XaLQVFf0K8MUMQEHR9VFIi| s8XaRNXaCFCT£�CTI.-5s8XaRNXaCFCT£�CTIH| MQEHR9VFI��CFI�Mhif:Kv�:IHRNMjVFf0K!MmX0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%I?M¥| K+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%I/-©K+P%GJEHR9Vr�:P8Ii|}XaK8X0CTf:W0Vr�:P8I0A�^yXqRQEHdgEHR9IHK8hHI~L9IHG,|s!f:RQI�CTCFI[I�MjL{MQf0P%�:IHKvLO_.f0K%K8EHI[s8X0RSC�n f.hHhiP8RQR9IHK8hHI[_�n P8K5dgR9X0K8hN¢%VrMQMQIHGJIHKvLO_.P`MQVTW:K8XaCy_zn P%KMjI�P%VFC3_.E &8K%V�XaP)s%R9E�X0CFX0�%CFI0A:^(XUMjL9Xa�8VTCFVwL9E{IHL CrXUs%R9E�hHVFMQVTf:K®XaVFK8MQV!�vP%ImMQf0K)�8RQP%VTL'_%I{s%¢8X:MjIMjf:KvL~Mjf:P%�0I�K:LU_.I?MUhiR9VTLQ£HR9I�MUI�M9MjI�K:L9VTI�CFM[_8XaK8M[CFI©hN¢%f:V# >_�n P8K%I®¢%f:RQCFf0W:I0A��~n P%K%I­CTI?h L9P%RQIRQIHL9X0R9_.E�Imf:PqX0KvLQVrhiVFs!E�I�%s3IHP.LOR9E�MQP%CTLQI�RSP%K%I[IHR9R9IHP%R?A��">-�2!4 1��+=(�?��Of0P!M'X �:f0K8M EH�:f.�:P8E{s%R9E�hHE�_.I�G,GJI�K:L�P%K5MjVFW0K!XaC�XaP.L9RQIZ�vP%ImCrXe�0f0V )IiL�CFX,_.f:K%K%EHI �

CFX­s3f0RQLQIHP!MjI:A(� f0GJGJI,MQf0K¯K%f0GYCon VTK8_%VF�vP%I�zMjf:K�R%$0CFIeI?M¥LU_.IJ�0E�¢%VrhiP%CFIHRZCon VFK.dgf0R9G)X6L9VTf:K

Page 12: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� �#� � � � ���!� � ����� � ����!�� ����� � �

_%X0K8M�P%K`GJVFCTVFIHP`_.I[s%R9f0s!XaW:XaLQVFf0K �gW0E�K%EHRNXaCFIHGJI�K:LSCon X0VTR � A8�DK`s8XaRQLQVFIZs!f:P%ROP.L9VTCFVrMjI�R{_.I�M�8X0K8_.I?M#MQs3I�h L9R9X0CTI?MyI�K8hif:RQI CTVF�%R9I�M#f0P,s3f0P%R s%R9f &%L9IHR _.I�M#s%R9f0s8RQVFEiL9E�M _.P~GJVFCTVFIHPeLQRNX �0I�R9MQECFVTE­XaP! >dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M~P.LQVFCTVrMQEHI�M�yVFC'I�MjLeK%E?hiI�M9M9XaVFRQI®_.I®LQRNXaK8MQCFXaLQI�RUCTIqMjVFW0K!XaCDP.L9VTCFI­p�hiI�MdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?MHA�l P%K%I)X0s%s%CFVFh�X6LQVFf0K�_.f:K%K%EHI,I�MjL~X0M9MQf+hHVTE�IeP8K%IJ�8XaK8_%IedgR9E��vP%I�KvLQVFIHCFCTI �gCFI�M�8X0K8_.I?M\�:]0ca| ]t�?ªJ����,,IHLU]0k:ª6| ]:�0c)����,)Mjf:K:LZR9E�MQIHR9�0EHI?M{p­CFX­K%f:RQGJI)�[�.� �o�\CTf:�8XaC�+¡.MjLQI�G dgf0RO�`f:�%VFCTIe� f:G,GeP%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K � � A^Dn EHK8IHR9W0VFI�_%P®MjVFW0K8X0C%hif:K:L9IHK+P%IO_%X0K8M P%K8IO�8XaK!_.I�dgRQE?�vP%IHKvLQVFIHCFCFIOhiIHKvL9RQE�I���� ����� �������

��hHXaRNX0hiLQE�RQVrM¥L9VF�vP%IZ_.IUMQf0K`_.E��%VwLOIHLm_.IUM9XJGJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0K �'I?M¥LSL9R9X0K8MQCFXaLQEHI[pJCrXedgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI_�n EHGJVrMQMQVFf0K �� �� A%^(X,s!f:RjL9IHP8MQIZI�MjLOG,f._.P8CTE�I[s8XaR�Con VFK.dgf0R9G)X6L9VTf:KzA1}C0¡\XSs%CFP8MQVTI�P%R9MzG,f6¡:IHK8M�_zn X:MQMQf.hiVFIHR�CFI�My_%f0K%K%E�I�Mzp�P8K%IDs3f0RQLQIHP!MjI:A'1}CFMzRQI�s!fvMjI�K:L�L9f0P8MMQP%R�CFI{s8RQVFK8hiVFs3Im_.ImCFX[GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:KzA 1}C!I +VrMjLQIOL9RQf:VFM�s%R9VTK8hHVTs!XaP! ,L¥¡+s!I?M _.ImGJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0KL9RQf:VFM\s3f0P%RZCFI�M\LQR9f0VrM\s8XaRNXaGJ£HLQR9I�MZ_�n P%K>MQVFW0K8X0C��zMQf0K�XaGJs%CFVTLQP8_.I�zMQX­dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI,IiL~M9Xs%¢!X0MQI0A

��������� � @B@ ( *�JMAO�I E J���&)(YO���X �jJ ( ����IKX$T (YO �{ARU@BA�+P%VF�6XaKvL CFI�M'Xas8s%CTVrhHXaLQVFf0K8M�aCon VFK.dgf:RQG)X6L9VTf:K)I�MjL'hHf0KvLQI�KvP8I{_%XaK!MDP%K®f:P®s%CFP8MQVTI�P%R9M _.I�M

L9RQf:V# �s8XaRNXaGJ£HLQR9I�M~_%E�hiR9VTL9Mes%RQE?hiE?_.IHGJGJIHKvL�A �`f._.P%CFIHR,P%K MjVFW0K8X0C�R9IH�+VFIHKvL,p�CTP%V'd*X0VTR9IhN¢8X0K%W0I�RyP%KJ_.I�hiI?M(s!XaRNXaGJ£iL9RQI?M(X0Pehif:P%RNM(_.P~LQI�G,s!MHAa^�n E?�:P!X6LQVFf0Ke_.P,MQVFW0K8X0C:E�CTI?h LQR9Vr�:P8I_.I\dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI ��� GJf._.P%CFEUMHn E�hHRQVTLO_.IZCFXJG)X0K%VT£�RQI[MQP%VF� X0KvLQI �

� 791;:���� 791;: � ��� 7� �! ��� 1#" 587 1;:;: �M�:A � �X �:I�h$�.7 1;:'IiL�58791;:�MQf0K5XaGJs%CFVTLQP8_.I[IHL{MQX,s%¢!X0MQI\I�Kqdgf0K8hiLQVFf0K5_.PqLQIHGJs8M�A

� "¯;<2y&(=#$*".1?�*23 &��T"%;<-#$��g1�=#&#�^yXZGJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K®_�n XaGJs%CFVwL9P8_.I��*f0P®_�n IHK+�:IHCFf0s%s3I�� hHf0K8MQVFMjLQIOpUG,f._.V &8I�RDC�n XaGJs%CFVTLQP8_.I

% _.PeMQVFW0K8X0C3A �DCFCFI�MQIDL9R9X:_.P%VTL _8XaK8M#CFI'_.f:G)XaVFK%I�L9IHGJs3f0R9IHC�� &8W!A��0A �0A X���s!XaR#C�n E��vP8XaLQVFf0K �

� 791;:&� % 7('�"*),+.- � 7� �! � 1;:;: � �/� 7/ �! � � 1;: �M�:A ���G I?M¥LUX0s%s!I�CTE)VFK8_.VrhiI)_.I)GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K � CrX­dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHIJ_%P>GJf._.P%CrXaKvL?Ay�mX0K8MZCFI

_.f:G)XaVFK%I dgR9E��vP%IHKvL9VTI�C� Con VFK.dgf0R9G)X6L9VTf:K[I�MjL hHf0KvLQI�KvP8I�XaP! ZdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?M � � � � IHL � � " � �9&8W8A��:A �:A � �iA%^yX &8W:P%RQI �:A �:A h\CrXeR9IHs8RQE?MjI�K:L9I\_8XaK8M�CFIU_.f0G)X0VTK%I[_.I?M�s%¢8X:MjI?MHA^Dn XaGJs%CFVTLQP8_.I[I?M¥L{MQIHK!MjVF�%CFIZX0P! ­s3IHRQLQP8RQ�8XaLQVFf0K8MS�vP%I[MQP%�%VTLOCTIUMQVFW0K8X0C�A%^�n E�K%IHR9W0VFI[_.P

MQVTW:K8XaC MQI®_.VrMjs3IHRNMjI)_%X0K8MZP%K�GJVTCFVFIHP�VFMQfaL9RQf:s%Vr�:P8IeL9IHC��vP%IJCon X0VTR?Az^zI?M[f0�!M¥LNX0hiCFI�M\K8XaLQP.|R9IHCrM{X "�X0VT�%CFVrMQMQIHKvL\MQf0K�X0GJs%CTVTLQP!_.IeI�K�hif:K8MQE��vP%IHK!hiI~_.IJ�vP%f0V#CFIeMQVTW:K8XaC(s!I�P.L �HLQR9I~G)XaCVFKvLQIHR9s%R9EiL9E0A �{f0P8MULQR9f0P%�:f0K8M[s3IHP _.I©MQ¡+MjLQ£�GJI�M~_%I©hif:G,GeP%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K��8X0MQE�M~I�M9MjI�KvLQVFIHCT|CFIHGJIHKvLZMjP%RZhiI~L¥¡+s!I,_.I~GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:KzA!��CTCFIeI?M¥L\RQE?MjI�RQ�:EHIUp­_.I�M{LQRNXaK8MQGJVFM9MQVTf:K8MOMQP%R\_%Id*X0VT�%CFI�M~_.VFMjL9X0K8hiI?MHA �Of:P8MUCrX5RQIHLQR9f0P%�:f0K8M[hHIHs3IHK8_8XaKvLe_%X0K8MUCrX5K%f0R9GJI©�{���O�>f" IHCFCFII?M¥LOX0M9MQf+hHVTE�I\p,P%K8I[G,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K`_.IZs%¢8X:MjI:A

Page 13: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� � ��������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

AM

2

AM

2

AM

2

AM

2

At

0

To 2To

A

f

P

fo−fm fo fo+fm

A

fo−fm fo+fm

fo

Domaine des phasesDomaine fréquentielDomaine temporelle

Pour des données de types A(t)=A(1+mcos( fm t))

Porteuse modulée

b ca

����������� �������������������������� � ��"!#�$�$���%��&')(+*-,/.10123(�4653,879(#71:%0123(�5�;=<�>�?�"�����#�@�=�A�$�B�����#CB�#����$DA&EDA&FCDA���!%&E��&HG)�������������������G���&I!#J��BGK&L&M����&LN�D�O6PQ�#&F��RF&S &F���$&6GUTVRM��GK�B�Q�W���D�CB&F�"&F�Q�XDAOF!�������#&6GW��=YU��#DZ� � J[�#���#���GX��&HG\GK]�GK��^H��&6GW��&_��OH�$O6RM���T�W�#����RH�=������> S ���G����#OFDA���G���&XGK��C���� GK�#��`=���Q�Xa

bQc�dKe�fhg9bHikjlc3mnc�dKe�e')(-*-,>.�0123(�4653,87o.�<qpr;ts[u 01<[7�vB<xw1y[��$�Iz/{|�~}I�"�����#�@���Q�L�#��GK��C���� bQc�dKe ��&XN�DAOMTPQ�#&F��RF&X�t���)� O6PQ���=�A�$�B������G��$CB�������"�����#��OXGF� OHRFD��$�?a

bBc3dKe�f�gxbFikj��#�=� � � d/�9�I�-���� c�dKeK�dV� {U� �B}�1�B�#Dlz/{|�~}l��&�N��BD��"&�G��$�[��G���k�#�����&H�$��&�GF� OHRFD��$�_�#���Gl��&�����l�����#&��A&F�"!%�BD�&H�W{|�%C����� �B}La

bQc�dKe)f�g bHikj"cr�=� �t� d �-��bFikj�cr�=� �=� dKeKe��f ��¡¡U¢ &HGK�L��!#!8&F��O£�$���#��RF&X��&?�"�[�#�#�����������&M� ¤"���r� &Mz#RM�#DZG��$�B�¥&H�_N�DAOHPQ�#&H��RM&B�/&£GK!8&HRM��DA& ��& bBc3dKe &6GU�n�¦#��&F�[�_§W!���D�����D��#&¨G������OH`&H�$�B!#!%&H�"&F�Q��&H�¥G�OFDA�$&¨§?��� ���@��&��&HG�N��B��R~�A�$�B��G��#&£©�&6G�G�&F�r[y��8�@�WN�D�O6PB��&F��RF& ��&¨�"�[�#�#����������¥&HGK���AD�^6G)N3��$¦��$&B�Q�����G�!%�B��T`�B��GERM�B��GK�@��OHD�&HDIPB�>� §lRZJ��BPQ�#&£�$��GK�A��Q�L�$&XG���C����/&HGK�LGK���[��G���k�#��� &F� PQ�#&XG���N�DAOHPQ�#&H��RM&&HGK�¥RM�B�"!#D��@G�&��#����G_�#�����Q��&FDA`=�����$&q� �?ª ¤��1�«>�B����&¬��� OF�#&HD�CB�$&��#�­GK��C�%���I&6GU�������RRM�B��!�D��@GK&X������GL�#�#&W¦%������&\��&W`=����&F��D � ¤"�1�y[�>�@�"N�DAOHPQ�#&F�%RM&W���¬������������B�¨&HGK�L!#����GCDZ�����#&�>�@���"�����#�@�=�A�$�B�9��&¥N�D�O6PQ�#&F��RF&_OF�A���Q���#�9!#DA��RM&6G�G���GX����9�����#OH��$DA&����� OF�#&HD�CB�$&GK&W��DA��#`B&W�����DZGL������G �#�#&\¦������#&\��&\���D�CB&F�#D �#c ¤"� � �=� e {3&HGK�����l�=�����������!#DA&F�"��&FD�DZ��DA&6}~�® &£N3�¯F��_CBOF�#OHDA��$&B�[�#���GE�#OF`&H�$�B!#!8���G��@�XN��B��R~�A�$�B�¥&H��G�OFDA��&¨��&?©�&HGAG�&F� !8��#D�¦��A&F�#��D�����DAOF!%��D����$������-G�!%&6R~��DZ����&¥�#&_�r� OH�#&FDAC��& S ���G����#OFDA���GW�$&�RF�GW�°-�±&6GU�\��DA^HG�$�#N�OFDA�$&H�#D�§_��[��_!%&H���ED�O6GK�#�"&HD�G���_G�!%&6R~�AD�&£§WRF&F���$& D�&H!#D�O6GK&H�Q��OF&¨GK��D��@�?��CB�#DA&W���� ¦/

Page 14: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� �#� � � � ���!� � ����� � ����!�� ����� �?k

t

+∆fo f−∆ffo fo

J0(m)

J1(m) J1(m)

P

f

Domaine temporel Domaine fréquentiel

0

1

t

Porteuse modulée

a b

Modulant

������� �0A ���©^yX,GJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0K`_.I\dgR9E��vP%IHK!hiI

X:hiVFCTI�p G,IHLjL9RQI�IHK�f+IHP%�+R9I��IHCFCTI�X EiLQE>L9RQ£?M©L%$aL5P.LQVFCFVFMQEHI _%X0K8MqCFX R9X:_.VFf8A�^zI�MMQ¡.M¥L9£HGJI�Mz�'CFP%IiL9f+faLQ¢[IHL(�m�'�'��P.LQVFCFVFMQIHKvLyCrXSGJf._.P%CrX6LQVFf0KU_%I dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�_.I L¥¡+s3I � ���o�ZXaP8M9MjVrXaK R9I��vP%I�K8hi¡­�.¢%Vwd L�ZIH¡+VTK8W � A��"`; 2z&(=#$*"%1��*23 �&(�©-#�#"%�?�� �+V� �gL � R9IHs8RQE?MjI�K:L9IOCrX[GJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0K®_.Ims%¢8X:MjI�:M�� L �

M�n I .s%RQVFGJI\X0CTf:R9M's8X0R �

� 791;: � % � ��� 7� �! ��� 1 "���� 7 1;:;: �M�:A u �¤OX0s%s!I�CTf:K8M��vP%IZs%¢8X0MQI\IiL�dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI\MQf0KvL�RQI�CTVFEHI?M's8XaR � � 791;: �������������

7 1;: A%�(f0P.LOhHI�vP%V�X5EHLQE®_.VTL~s3f0P%R~CFX5GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K�_%IJdgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI)RQI?M¥L9I®_.f0K8hJ�6X0CFX0�%CTI)s3f0P8RUCFXqGJfa|_.P8CFXaLQVFf0K5_.I[s%¢8X:MjI:A%^yX &8W0P8RQI �0A k,VTCFCFP8M¥L9RQI[CrX,GJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0K5_.I[s%¢8X:MjI[_�n P%K%I[s3f0RQLQI�P8MQIs8X0R�P%K`MjVFW0K8X0C��%VFK8XaVFRQI:A

t

0

Domaine temporel

1t

Porteuse modulée

Modulant

������� �0A k��®^(X,G,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K`_.IZs%¢8X:MjI�DCFCTI\I�MjL GJf:VTK8M'MQIHK8MQVT�8CTI\XaP! Js!I�RjL9P%R9�8X6L9VTf:K8M �vPzn P%K%ImGJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0K©_zn X0G,s8CTVTLQP8_%ImIHL

s3IHR9GJIiL _.I�M _.E��%VwLNM _.IS_.f0K%K8EHI�M(VFG,s3f0RQL9X0KvL9M�A ^(XOGJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:Ke_.I�s%¢8X:MjI I�MjL#CrXaR9W0I�GJIHKvLR9EHs8X0K8_.P%IZXaP 0¥f0P%RN_�n ¢vP8V�_8XaK8M�CFI�MSMQ¡.M¥L9£HGJI�M�_.I[hif:GJG~P%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K8M�M9XaK8M &8CrM �.CrXeGJf._.P.|CrX6L9VTf:K)�Z�¯�� ���ZXaP!MQMQVFX0K®�`VFK%VTGeP%G �+¢%VTd L�ZIH¡+VFK%W �D_.I�M�K%f0R9GJI�M��[�.�`| �[���v|¥�\��¤{� CrX,G,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K5�a� �� �g�D¢!X0MQI~�+¢%VTd L ZIH¡+VFK%W �'_.IZCrXJK%f0R9GJIm���Z�\�OA

Page 15: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�Hu ��������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

��������� � E J�� ���PWYOtJ ���:C?R�@�JKW!�NX0I�OK%I��8P8hiLQP8XaLQVFf0K�_�n P%K>_.I�M\_.IHP 5s!XaRNXaGJ£iL9RQI?M��*X0G,s8CTVTLQP8_%IeIHL\XaK8W0CFI��SI?M¥LZMjP!MQhHIHs.|

LQVF�%CFIJ_%IJhHf0R9RQf:GJs%RQI~C�n VTK%dgf0R9GJXaLQVFf0KzA��\XaK8MZCFIJhHX0_%RQIJ_�n P%K%IJEHGJVrMQMQVTf:K�Mjf:P8M\C�n I/"�IiLU_.P�%R9P%VwL�%CFIZMQs3I�h L9RQI[_.P`MQVTW:K8XaCzM�n EHCrXaR9W0VTL'IHL{hiIHCrXes!I�P.LmM�n X �:EHR9IHR'W��HK!XaKvL's3f0P8RSCTI?MSP.LQVFCFVFM9X6|LQI�P%R9Mm_.I�M{dgR9E��vP%IHK!hiI�MO�0f0VrMQVTK%I?MHA��mn I?M¥Lms!f:P%R9�vP%f:V�!VTC#I�MjL{K%E?hiI?MQM9XaVFRQIU_%I~GJVTK8VTGJVrMjI�R{CFI�M�6XaR9VFXaLQVFf0K8M�XaCFE�XaLQf:VTR9I�M�_.I?M�s8XaRNXaGJ£iL9RQI?M�hiR9VwL9VF�vP%I?MS_.P`MjVFW0K8X0C�A� ��� (�*1���2! �&#= �(46=#�g1�Of0P!MO_.E/&!K%VFM9MQf0K8MShHf0GJGJI\�8RQP%VTL�8CFX)_.V "�EHR9IHK8hHI[IHKvLQR9IZC�n VTK%dgf0R9GJXaLQVFf0K5Mjf:P%¢8X0VwL9EHIZIiL

C�n VFK.dgf0R9G)X6LQVFf0K[f:�.LQI�K+P%I0A"1}C:XSs%CFP8MQVTI�P%RNMzf0R9VFW0VFK%I�M�AH^zI?MyMQVTW:K8XaP \MQf0KvL(MQP8MQhHIHs.L9VT�8CTI?My_�n �iL9RQIGJf+_%V#&8E?M�_.P8R9X0K:LDCFIHP8R LQRNX 0¥IHL�aK+P8XaW:I�M IHLDdgf0R �iLNM GJf._.P%CFIHKvL�Con X0G,s8CTVTLQP8_%I{_.P©MQVTW:K8XaC�6CFI�Mf0�8MjL9X:hiCFI�M\hif:G,GJIeCTI?MmVFGJGJIHP%�%CFI�MZMQf0KvL\p­Con f:RQVFW0VFK%I~_�n E�hN¢8f:MmIiLZs!I�P%�0I�K:LZGJf._.V#&!IHR[MQXs%¢8X:MjI:A�^zI?MzE�CTE�G,I�KvL9My_%I�M#hiVFR9hHP%VwLNMzE�CTI?h LQR9f0K8VF�vP%I?M�W0E�K%£HR9IHKvLzIHP ZG ��G,I'_.P[�%R9P%VTL�A ^zIHP8R9Mdgf0K8hiLQVFf0K8MSMjL9XaLQVrM¥L9VF�vP%I?MS_.EHs3IHK!_.IHKvL{_.I?MOhHX0P8MjI?M��:P8VzCTI?M�f0KvLSd*XaVTLSK8X �rLQR9I0A�#f:P%R­h�XaRNX0hiLQEHR9VrMjI�R,CFI�M©�6XaR9VFXaLQVFf0K8M)_�n P%K MQVTW:K8XaCmp�LQI�G,s!M©hif:KvLQVFKvP �*f0P p�L9IHGJs8M

_.VrMQhHRQIHL � �K%f:P8MZVFK:L9RQf._.P8VFMQf0K8MmCrX­K8faLQVFf0K>_.IJ�6XaR9VFX0K8hiI�)A(� IHCFCFI,�vP%IJK%f:P8M\P.LQVFCTVrMQIHR9f0K8MI�MjL­XaP!MQMQVmX0s%s!I�CTE�I�CrX �6XaR9VFX0K8hiI`�+RNXaVFI � ���oA'�DCFCTI¯RQI�s%R9E�MQIHKvLQI`CrX s%P%VrM9MQX0K8hiI�GJf6¡:IHK%K%IMjP8R{CFI[LQI�G,s!M��*f0P�CFIUK%f:G~�%R9I~_�n E�hN¢8X0KvLQVFCTCFf0K8M �S_.I~CFX­_.V#"�EHR9IHK!hiIUI�K:L9RQI~CTI,MjVFW0K8X0CzIiLZMQXGJf6¡0IHK8K%I0A.^yXJ�6X0RQVrXaK8hHImR9IHs8RQE?MjI�K:L9ImCrX,s%P%VrMQM9XaK!hiI[_.I[Con I�RQR9IHP%R?A

����� 7 � ��� 7�� :;: ��� � � � � � � � � �M�0A ª���*X �0I?h�� CrXedgf0K8hiLQVFf0Kq��MQs!E�R9X0K8hiI �%GJf6¡0I�K%K%I[MQP%RSP%K5K%f0Ge�%R9ImVFK!&8K%V(_.I[s!f:VTKvLNM �� f0K8MQVF_%EHR9f0K8MSP8K�MjVFW0K8X0C � 791;: � � 791;: � ��� 7�� � 1;:S_zn X0G,s8CTVTLQP8_%I �®IHL\_.I~s%P%CrMQXaLQVFf0K�� �_.f0KvLDCFIO�%R9P%VTL�MjIO_.E?hif:G,s3f:MQISIHK)X0G,s8CTVTLQP8_%I����~IHLDIHK)s%¢!X0MQI�� 5 �9&8W8Aj�:A u!A X � A0l{P)hif0P8R9M

_.PqLQI�G,s!MSs%¢8X:MjIZIiLOX0G,s8CTVTLQP8_%I[� X0RQVFIHKvL�� &!W8AP�:A u!A � �iA

x

y

a(t)

0a

0

y

x

a(t)

ω0t

δ

δϕ

a tϕ( )

a b

s(t)

������� �0A u��©¤SI�s%R9E�MQIHKvL9XaLQVFf0K©�:I�hiLQf0R9VFIHCFCTIZ_�n P%K`MjVFW0K8X0C��%R9P%VwL9E

Page 16: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� �#� � � � ���!� � ����� � ����!�� ����� � ª�+V(K%f0P8M�& .f0K8MSCon VTK8MjL9X0KvL{_.IUCrXJG,I?MjP8RQI�%K%f0P!MSs!f:P%�0f:K8MS�vP8XaKvL9V#&8I�ROCFI�MS�6XaR9VrX6LQVFf0K!M

_�n XaGJs%CFVTLQP8_.IZ_.PqMjVFW0K8X0C3X0s%s3IHCFE{CFIm�%R9P%VTL�_zn X0G,s8CTVTLQP8_%I0A.lOPqhif0KvL9R9X0VTR9I�vMjV�K%f:P8MDd*X0VFMQf0K!MCrX,G,I?MjP8RQIZs3f0P%ROP8K%I[�6XaCFIHP%RO_.IUMQVFW0K8X0Cz_.f0K%K8EHI�8K%f0P8MS�vP8X0KvLQV &8f0K8M�CFI�MO� X0RQVrX6L9VTf:K8M�_.I�Mf.hHhHP%R9RQI�K8hiI?M�DK8f0P8M­s!I�RQGJIHLjL9X0KvL5_�n f0�%LQIHK8VTRqCTI¯�%R9P%VwL­LQI�G,s3f0R9IHC�'IiL`MjV\CTI�MQVTW:K8XaCmI�MjLs3EHR9VTf._.Vr�vP%I�3CFI~�%R9P%VTLZ_.Ies%¢8X:MjIef0P�_.I~dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI0A�^zI?M{�%R9P%VTL9MZMQf0KvL{VFK:L9RQVFK8MQ£��vP%I�G,I�KvLCFVTE?MHA� 46=(�*1,&#"% #�)$*�`&#2!;<"8�* #�­1?�+; -�2!4 �+$�\XaK8M�CTI\_.f0G)XaVFK%I{_%I�M L9EHCFE�hHf0GJG~P%K8VFh�X6LQVFf0K!M�:C�n VTK%dgf0R9GJXaLQVFf0KJP.L9VTCFImMQISLQR9f0P8�0IOW:EHK%EH|

RNXaCFIHGJIHKvLO_%X0K8MSCFIUhN¢8XaK%W:IHGJIHKvLO_�n EiLNX6L{_�n P%K�MQVTW:K8XaCzpJP%K5VFK8MjL9XaKvL{_.f:K%K%E:A8^zI?MO_.E/&!K%Vw|L9VTf:K8MO_�n P%K`R9IHs3£HR9IZLQIHGJs3f0R9IHCzIHLm_.IUCon VTK8MjL9X0KvL{f"5CFI~MjVFW0K!XaC�I�MjL{GJI�MQP%R9EUMjf:KvL{_.f0K8hUI�Mj|MQIHKvLQVFIHCrM�A0� f0P%R�_.I?M��6XaR9VrX6LQVFf0K!M LQI�GJs!f:RQI�CTCFI�M�:K8f0P8M�s8XaR9CTI�RQf:K8MDW:EHK%E�R9X0CTI�GJIHKvL�_.I\W0VFW0P%I:A�{faLQE�� � ��� �gR9GJM s3f0P8R#R9f+faL GJI�XaKJM9�:P!XaR9I�� A ^yXms%P%VrM9MQX0K8hiI�_.I��%R9P%VwLDMQI�s8XaRQL9X0W0II�K­s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI[_.I[�8RQP%VTLO_.I[s%¢8X:MjI � 58791;: � IiL{_%I\�8RQP%VTL{_�n XaGJs%CFVwL9P8_.I ��� 791;: � A� 46=(�*1,&#"% #�)$*�`&#2!;<"8�* #�q��-��+/a1�46"%$^Dn EHK8IHR9W0VFI\hHf0KvLQI�KvP8IZ_8XaK8M�CFI[_.f0G)XaVFK%I\LQI�GJs!f:RQI�CzMjIZR9IiLQR9f0P8�0Im_8XaK8MShHIHCFP%Vz_.I�M'dgR9Ei|

�vP%I�K8hiI?MHA(� X0RehHf0K+�0I�K:L9VTf:KzK%f:P8MUGJI?MjP%R9f0K!MUCrX`s%P%VrMQM9XaK!hiI©_�n P%K MQVFW0K8X0C�VFK:L9EHW:RQE�I®MjP%R'���� � &!W8Al�0A ª�� A3^yX©s%P%VrMQM9XaK8hHI~_�n P%K%Ies!f:RjL9IHP8MQI~M�n I +s8RQVFGJIUIHK�� ) � �gs%P%VrM9MQX0K8hiI,_.PMQVTW:K8XaC�I�K`_.E�hHVT�3IHCzR9EidgE�RQI�K8hiE[p,P%K%I[s8P%VFM9M9XaK8hHIU_.I ') � � A%^(XJs%P%VrMQM9XaK8hHI[_.I[�%R9P%VwL{_%Is%¢!X0MQI�.R9IHCrX6LQVF�0IZp,CFX,s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI[_.P`MQVTW:K8XaCz_%I\R9EidgE�RQI�K8hiI�.IHK �� +�� ����� � A

du bruit en dbc.HzPuissance −1

Puissance de la porteuse en dbm

fréquences

B=1 Hz

fo+fdfo

������� �:A ª��­�+s3I�hiLQR9IU_.P5�%RQP8VwL{_.IZs%¢!X0MQI

� �v$�".1���2! #�,�v �1�46��$*�+� �(46=#�g1?��+f:VwLDP%K®MQVFW0K8X0C%p\LQIHGJs8M hif:K:L9VTK+PJ_.ISL9IHK8MQVTf:K��.7 1;: _.f0KvLDCrX\dgf0K8hiLQVFf0K)_.IS�%R9P%VTL���� 791;:

I?M¥LZhiIHKvL9RQE�I©A�^zIJMjVFW0K8X0Cy�%R9P%VTLQE~dgR9X0K8hN¢%VTLmP%K%I,R9EidgEHR9IHK!hiIeX �:I�h[P8K�_.E�h�XaCrXaW:I[LQI�G,s3f0R9IHC� 791 � :,s8XaR)RNXas8s!f:RjL)XaP LQI�G,s!M®_.I5RQEHdgEHR9IHK8hHI�1 � A �{f0P8M)X �:f0K8M,XaVFK8MQV��.7 1;: "���� 7 1;: �� 791�" � 791;: : A�l{s%R9£�M)P%K�_.E��0IHCFf0s8s!I�G,I�KvL®IHK�MjE�RQVFI`_.I��(X ¡+CFf0R)XaP s%R9IHGJVFIHR)f0RN_.R9Iq_%I� 791#" � 7 1;:;: %K%f0P!MSX �0f0K!M � � � �

Page 17: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

������������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

� 791;:&� ��� 7 1;:������ 791 � : �M�0A ���

�Of0P!MeI .s%RQVFGJf0K8MeCrX�s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiIq_.Iq�%RQP8VwLJIHK LQIHK!MjVFf0K ��� 791;: � I�K dgf:K8h L9VTf:K _.IqCFXs%P%VrMQM9XaK!hiI[_.IZ�%R9P%VwLSL9IHGJs3f0R9IHC �gW:VTW:P%I�� � 7 1;: � �

� � 791;:&� � �� 7 1;:� ������ 7 1 � :�� �^yX`_.P8X0CTVTLQEJL9IHGJs8Mj|�dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI)K8f0P8M[s3IHR9GJIiL~_.I©CTVFIHRUCrX5R9EHs8X0RjL9VwL9VTf:K>MQs!I?h L9R9X0CTI)_.ICFX®s%P%VrMQM9XaK8hHIU_.IU�%R9P%VTL\_�n P%K%I~� X0RQVrXa�8CTIUp®M9XJ�6XaR9VFX0K8hiI � � � A8� f:P%R{CFIU�%R9P%VTL{IHK5L9IHK8MQVTf:KK%f0P!MSX �0f0K!M �

� � 791;: � ������ � � �� 7 � : � � �M�0A ¬ �

�mX0K8MSCFI~_.f0G)X0VTK%I[MQs!I?h L9R9X0C�%CrXJ_.IHK!MjVTLQE~MQs3I�h L9R9X0CTI[_.I[�8RQP%VTLOIHK5L9IHK8MQVFf0K ��� 7 � :'I?M¥LRQI�CTVFEHI[X0P­�%R9P%VTL{_.I[s%¢8X:MjI�7 � :'s8X0R �

�7 � : ��� �! � � � 7 � :������ 791 � :��

��M�0A ���

^zIUMQs!I?h LQR9IU_.IU�8RQP%VTL{_.I[s%¢!X0MQIU_�n P8K5MQVFW0K8X0C�8peL9IHGJs8M{hHf0KvLQVFK+P��mIiLmMjL9XaLQVFf0K%K8X0VTR9I�I�MjLSCTVFEUXaP5Mjs3I�hiLQR9IU_.I\dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M� � 7 � :'s!XaRSCrXeR9IHCrX6L9VTf:KqMQP%VF�6XaKvLQI�� ��� �

� 7 � : � ��� ! � � � ���7 � : �M�0A ]��

��"� #".1�=(46��&(= �#46=(�*1)&("% #�)=# /:�g46/0=#�g1^zI[�%R9P%VTL�s8RQf6�+VFIHKvLO_.I�M�CFf0VrMSM¥LNX6L9VFMjLQVr�vP%I�M�R9EHW:VFM9MQX0KvL'CFIZG,f:P%�0I�GJIHKvLO_.I�M�E�CTI?h LQR9f0K!MHA

^zI?M'hHf0K8MQE��vP%I�K8hiI?M�MjImLQRNX0_.P8VFMQIHKvL�s8XaRS_.I?M �6X0RQVrX6L9VTf:K8M�XaCFE�X6L9f0VFRQI?M�_.I?M�W0RNXaK8_%IHP%RNM�E�CTI?h |LQR9VF�vP%I?M �.LQI�K8MQVTf:K­IHLOVTKvLQI�K8MQVwL9E0A�'XaRNX0h L9EHR9VFMQf0K!M�CFI�M's%R9VTK!hiVFs8XaCFI�M�f:RQVFW0VFK%I�M'_.Pq�%R9P%VwLO_%X0K8M�P%K5hiVFR9hHP%VTL�E�CTI?h L9RQf:K%VF�vP%I �

�����#46=(�*1J1��#�:46;<����=(��mn I?M¥L\L¥¡+s%VF�vP%I�GJIHKvLmCFI~�%R9P%VTLms%R9f6�0I�K8XaKvL{_�n P%K%I,R9E�MQVFMjL9X0K8hiI:A 1}C#I�MjL\_ ��X0P�GJf0P%�:Ii|

GJIHKvL,�8RQf��SK%VFIHK<_%I�MeEHCFI�h L9RQf:K8M�A �mn I�MjLeP%K �%R9P%VwLJ�%CrXaK8h0A#^yI�MeGJf+_%£HCFI�M,_.Iq��¢8EH�0I�K%VFK� &8W!AN�0A �%A X��~IiL©_%I �Of0RQLQf:K �9&8W8AS�:A �8A � �e_zn P%K8I`RQE?MjVrM¥LNXaK8hHI5CFX>R9IHs%R9E�MQIHKvLQI�KvL,s8X0R)P%K%IRQE?MjVrMjL9XaK!hiI\K%f0K5�%R9P%¡:X0KvLQI ( X �0I?h{P%K8IUMjf:P%R9hHI[_.IZ�%RQP8VwLOE?�:P8VT�6XaCFIHKvL9I � � f0P � � A��������� ��!#"%$'&�!�(�)+*�$'"%,���-/.10�,32�(�!4.%$')')'��!�!�0656)7(98:��0<;=��-<!�,<-6>@?=AB!�����"�(�����$'��!�"�-<�DCEGFGH >JILKNM F/O ?QPSR �%TVUU O �T WYX E[Z\H >JI

Page 18: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� �#� � � � ���!� � ����� � ����!�� ����� �6¬

2v2iR

R

a b

������� �0A ���©^yI�M�GJf._.£HCFI�MS_.I[�8RQP%VTL{_.IZCrXJRQE?MjVrM¥LNXaK8hHI^zI?MS_.IHK!MjVTLQE?MOMjs3I�hiLQRNXaCFI�M�_.I[s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI[_.IUhHI�MSMQf0P%RNhiI?M�_.IZ�%RQP8VwL{MQf0KvL �

� � � � � ( � � 7�� � � � �� � � : � � � � � �� � � 7�� � % � � ����� � : �M�0A ��c �� ���(46=#�g1J&(���846�+ ("8�*$*$��^zI~�%RQP8VwLm_%I[W0R9IHK8X0VTCFCTI[I?M¥L\XaP8M9MjVzX0s%s3IHCFEU�%R9P%VwL\_.I�0¥f0K!h LQVFf0KyA 1}CyhHf0R9RQI?Mjs3f0K8_qp)P%K8I�8P!h LQP!X6LQVFf0KeM¥LNX6LQVrMjLQVr�:P8I _.PUK8f0G~�8RQI�_%I�s3f0RQLQIHP8R9M(_.I'hN¢!XaR9W0IDpOCrXS�8X0RQR9VF£HR9ID_.I s3faL9IHKvLQVFIHC

�vP%ImK%f0P8M L9RQf:P%�0f:K8M�pehN¢8X0�vP%I�0¥f0K8hiLQVFf0K­_zn P%KqMjI�GJVw|}hif:K8_.P8hiLQIHP8R�A%�mn I?M¥L�EHWvXaCFIHGJIHKvL'P%K�%R9P%VTL'�8CFX0K8haA 1}Cz_.EHs3IHK!_©_.Pqhif0P8R9X0K:L'GJf6¡0IHK©IiLSMjIZMjP8s!I�RQs3f:MQImp,hiI�CTP%VT|}hiVoA 1}C�MQI{L9R9X:_.P%VTLs8X0R�P%K`hif0P8R9X0K:LSGJf6¡0I�K©I��)h�X0hHI�%_.I[s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI �

� � � ��� � � �M�0A � � �� ���(46=#�g1J�+ ��8�^Dn f0R9VFW0VFK%IS_.I{hiIS�8RQP%VTLDI�MjL��6XaR9VrXa�%CFI0A 1}C!I�MjL�_ �®pZCFX[hHf0KvL9X0GJVTK8XaLQVFf0KJ_.I�M�hiR9VFMjL9X0P! eIHL

_.I?M�MjP%RQd*X0hHI�M�v_8XaK8M'CFI�M9�:P8IHCFCTI?M'MQf0KvL�s%VFEHW0E�I�M'IiL�CFVT�3EHR9EHI?M'_%I�MShN¢8X0RQW:I�M�A:^zI?M�hif0K!M¥LNXaKvLQI?M_.I,L9IHGJs8M[_.I®hHI�M\s%R9f+hHI�M9MjP!M\MQf0KvL[W0RNXaK!_.I�M��IHKvLQRNX � K8XaKvLZI�M9MjI�KvLQVFIHCFCTI�G,I�KvL\P%K��%R9P%VTLUp�8X:MQMQImdgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI0A8�+f:K5MQs3I�h L9RQIZI?M¥LOR9IHs%R9E�MQIHKvL9Ems8X0RSCFX &8W:P%R9I)�:A ¬.A

log(f)

S(f)

P

������� �0A ¬ �­�+s!I?h L9RQI[_.P5�%R9P%VTLOIHK4� - d

�7 � : � ����� � �M�0A � ���

l(�0I�h)1Dhif0P8R9X0K:L�_%P©hif:G,s3f:M9XaKvL� �vhHf+I��®hiVFIHKvL _.E�s!I�K8_%X0K:L�_.P©hHf0GJs!fvMQX0KvL�IiL�_.Ps%R9f.hiE?_.E�%X �%hif+I��)hHVTI�KvL{hif0GJs%R9VrM I�KvLQR9IZc8A ªeIHL � .� �8hif+I��)hHVTI�KvL�s8RQf.hN¢%I[_.I �0A

Page 19: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

������������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

��">46�+$*".1?�9�z�g1?�`&(= �#46=(�*1e- ".4­4 "%-(-�2!4 1)"%= �?�*�3 ("%$�DCTP!MSCFX,s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiIZ_.IZ�%R9P%VTL�I?M¥LSW:R9X0K8_.I\s8XaR�RNXas%s3f0RQL�pJhHIHCFCTI[_.P5MjVFW0K!XaC�.s%CTP!MSMjf:K

hif:K:L9IHK+P I�MjL©GJIHK8X:hiE0A �Of0P!M)_.E/&8K8VFM9Mjf:K8M)s3f0P%R­hiIHCrX>CTI�R9X0s%s!f:RjL®MQVTW:K8XaCOMQP%R®�8RQP%VTL ��� ( �o�+VTW:K8XaC��{f0VrMjIJ¤OX6L9VTf � Az�+f:VwL�� �UCFXqs%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI,_.P�MjVFW0K8X0C(IHL�� � hHIHCFCTIJ_.P>�%RQP8VwLVTKvL9EHW0R9EHIZMQP%RSCFXJ�!XaK8_.I[_.IZdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiIZP.L9VTCFI0A

���( � � �� � �K�0A ��k��

�mX0K8MyCFI _%f0G)XaVFK%IDK+P%GJEHR9Vr�:P8I�?K%f0P8MyP.LQVFCFVFMQf0K8M(CFIDLQI�RQGJI'_.I �#XaP! [_�n �DR9RQI�P%R(�'VFK8XaVFRQI�*�'��¤ �z�'VwLZ�DR9RQf:R\¤OXaLQI � A 1}C MHn XaW:VwL[_.P¯R9X0s%s!f:RjL[_.P¯K%f0Ge�%RQIJ_.I,�%VTL9MZIHR9R9f0K%E?M{MQP%RZCTIK%f0Ge�%R9IJ_%I)�%VwL~�(faLNXaCoAz�mX0K8M[CFI®hHX:M[_.P<�[�.��zCrXqK%f0R9GJIJ_%E/&8K%VTL~P%K �'��¤ _.I '�� ���XaP®K8VT�:I�XaP®_%ImCrX~hHf0K+�0I�R9MQVTf:K)XaK8X0CTf:W0Vr�:P8I -ZK+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%I:A f6¡:f0K8M pUs%R9E�MQIHKvL �vP%I�CTCFI�M IHKMjf:KvL�CFI�MShHf0K8MQE��vP%I�K8hiI?M�MjP%R{CTI[MQVTW:K8XaC�IHL{MjP%RSCFI�MSX0R9hN¢8VwL9I�h L9P%R9I�M�_.IUhiVFRNhiP%VTL�A

�!�� * ,��'/���0 $ ��0��., �.� � � � � �.� � * � 0����'��� � � ( ( ���.�'� 0 ������.,��� $���� � R?JK@�@BX���*5A@%OjAIKX��jJML A@�C?R�@�JKW!�NX0I A ��CNAD@ (!���UOtR?J �

� Con f0R9VTW:VTK%I�yCrX��:f0V I�MjLJhHf0K+�0I�RjL9VTI®I�K P%K MjVFW0K!XaC'EHCFI�h L9RQVr�vP%I� �vP%V�I�MjL,K+P%GJE�RQVrMjEX &8K�_zn �HLQR9Iehif._.E �*hif._%X0W0I�!MQE�hiP8RQVrMQXaLQVFf0K8IHKvLQR9IHCrX0hHIHGJIHKvL �iA%�DP%VrMmVTC#I�MjL\X:MQMQf.hiVFEUp)P%K%Is!f:RjL9IHP8MQIZs!f:P%R �iL9RQI\L9R9X0K8MjGJVrMHA^yX �vP8X0CTVTLQE�_�n P%K�MQVFW0K8X0C{K+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%I¯I�MjL5h�XaRNX0hiLQEHR9VrMjE�I`s8XaR5Mjf:K L9X0P! _�n IHR9RQI�P%R9M

�%VFK8XaVFRQI?M �*�'��¤ �%� VFK8X0RQ¡)�DR9R9f0R�¤OX6L9I�� A.��KqX0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%I�:VFCzhif:RQR9I�MQs!f:K8_®peP%KqR9X0s%s!f:RjLMjVFW0K!XaCSMjP8R,�8RQP%VTL®_.f0K8K%E �o� �{¤ ���+VFW0K!XaC'LQf �Of:VFMQI5¤OX6L9VTf � AD^yX¯K%f:RQGJIqVTGJs3f:MQIq�vP%IhiIHLjLQI`�vP8X0CTVTLQE5_.I­LQRNXaK8MQGJVFM9MjVFf0K Mjf:VwL)X0M9MjP8RQE�I©s3f0P%RJP%K%I`_.¡+K8X0GJVF�vP%I5_.Iqs%P%VrMQM9XaK8hHI�M_.I�MSMQVFW0K8X0P! ­hHX0s.LQE?M�s8XaRSCon XaKvLQI�K%K%I0A�DRQI�K%f0K!M�CTI[hHX:M�_.IZCFXeRQE?hiI�s.LQVFf0Kq_�n P8K5MQVFW0K8X0C��[�%� A8�+P%s%s3f:MQf0K!M'�vPzn p,C�n IHKvL9RQE�I\_.P

hif:Kv�:IHRQLQVrMQMQIHP8R(XaK!XaCFf0W0Vr�vP%Ii| K+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%I K8f0P8M X ¡0f:K8M#XaPULNXaP! ,_�n I�RQR9IHP8R(�%VFK8X0VTR9I _.I�'�� ����*�vP%V%hHf0R9RQI?Mjs3f0K8_%R9X0VwL(p\P%K)� �m¤ _.I�� � � 6IiLD�vP%I�CFI�hHVTRNhiP8VwL XaK8X0CTf:W0Vr�vP%I ��_.I�C�n XaKvLQI�K%K%IXaP>hiVFR9hHP%VwL[�8X0K8_.I)_.IJ�8X:MjI �{X0VwL[P%K¯d*X0hiLQIHP8RU_.IJ�%RQP8VwLU_.I����� �X0CTf:R9M\CFI)� �{¤ RQI?�:P8VFMXaP<K8VT�:I�XaP _.I­Con XaKvLQI�K%K%I­_%f0VTL �HLQR9I­MQP%s!E�RQVFIHP8R,p '�� ��®A ^zIq�%R9P%VTL,XaGe�%VrXaKvL,_.IqCon X0VTR�6XaCrXaKvL � '�� � � ) � ����� � � � ' ' �� ) MQP%R[P%K hHX0K8XaC _.I ���� ����� � �hHIHCrX­VFGJs!fvMjI)�vP%ICFX©s%P%VrMQM9XaK!hiIe_%P¯MQVTW:K8XaC XaP¯K%VT�:I�X0P�_.P�R9E�hHIHs.L9IHP%RZ_.f:VwL �iL9IeMQP%s!E�RQVFIHP8RQI,p � '���� �� )MjP8R'CrXe�8XaK8_%I\_.I ���� �����!A:^(X~s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI\G)X .VFG~P%G I?M¥LO_.EHLQIHR9GJVTK8EHI\IHK­dgf0K8hiLQVFf0K­_%I�MhHX0R9X:h LQE�RQVrMjLQVr�:P8I�M�_%ImCrXeMjL9XaLQVFf0Kq_.IZ�8X0MQI{IHLS_%I�M'P.LQVFCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RNM'�0f0VrMQVTK8M �gI�K­Con f+h�hiP%R9R9IHK8hHIs!f:P%RSCFI~�[�.��8hHIHCFCTIH| hHV�� X0P.L � '� � ) � �*hid¥A &8W!A��0A ���iA��� $��%$ ! I � ��A��!�j@�@�RNO�IMA �{OjX0J �{A#� A � ����R � �POtJ#"|R?A CUR�@�JMW!�?XxI�+VwL9P%f0K!M¥| K%f0P!M{_%X0K8MOCFI~hHX:MO_.IeC�n EHGJVrMQMQVTf:K`_�n P8K�MjVFW0K!XaC(�[�.�<A3^(X)s%R9IHGJVT£�RQI[EHL9X0s!I

hif:K8MjVrMjLQIJp©hif:K+�0IHRQLQVFR\CFX­�0f:V# `IHK>P%K>MjVFW0K8X0C KvP8G,E�RQVr�vP%IeX &8K��:P8I,hHIHCFCTIH| hHV MQf0VTL[hif._.EHIs!f:P%R[_.I�M\RNXaVrMjf:K8M{_%IJMQE�hHP%R9VFM9X6L9VTf:K�IiL[_�n VF_.I�KvLQV &!hHXaLQVFf0K¯_%I,Con P.LQVFCTVrM9X6LQI�P%RJA�lOP>K%VT�:I�X0P_.P`GJVFhHRQf:s%¢%f:K%I�%Con f0K8_.IeX0hif:P8MjLQVr�:P8I[I�MjLmhif:Kv�:IHRQLQVFIZIHK�MQVTW:K8XaCyEHCFI�h L9RQVr�vP%I0A�� I~_.IHR9K%VFIHRI�MjL\K+P%GJE�RQVrMjE,p©Con XaVr_.Ie_�n P%K<�'l � �o� f:Kv�:IHRQLQVrMQMQIHP8RmlOK!XaCFf0W0Vr�vP%I��{P%GJEHR9VF�vP%I � A${VFIHKvL

Page 20: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� � � � � � �� ����� �� ��� � � ��� � � � � � �� �������� � � �8� ��������� �����������*�?]

10−3

BER

Pentrée

−108 dbm −15 dbm

��������� �� �������������������� �"!$#%���'&(��)+*-,/./#1020$*3�4�5��&/�60�07#+8�� *�.(9���*3,/!2:60;, *�<�)>= *���!$���/� �

./� �?02:�<$#%�@&(�?!2<A*3#%!2�6B@���C!�)+��8�#+DC./�@�5�(&/*��C!�)>= #+�(����<2B�*E!$#%����GFH./#10I�/��.40�<$�5!$<2��./J���� 0�./�K;L�MONPK ���QJ��6<7!$#+0$02��./< L . B?:6<2#1DC./��R M � *�)%��8�#1D�. �TSU*VJV*��C!W)+�X�5#+<$��./#%!Y*�� *3)+��8�#+DC./�� L ��. 0<$�5!$<2��./J���� 0;���60�:�!$*3,Z�60�#+�QJ��6<$02:��T0�& *3� 0�)+�[��*�0\&(�I)+*@<$:6����,(!$#%���'&(.]02#%8�� *3)>

M )^= :�B@#10202#+����_(*3, <2`T0�)>= :�!$*�,4�I&(�a�5�(&/*�8���_C)+�60�b/#%!$0\�5��� 07!2#%!2. *���!�)>= #+�(����<$B�*E!$#%���'02���C!<$:�./� #+0@�6�c02dQB-bZ��)+� N �]b/#%!e, *�<f07dQB-bZ��)+�g,4��./<�)+�ihaj(kl_;mn,Z��./<e��o�h��p%+ Se*VJE*3�C!&= q5!$<2�r*�0$07�(�5#+:60�sf)1*�,Z��<2!2��.407��Z�U*fB@�(&(./)1*E!2#+���ihIktj(uv�5�(&(�-)%�@02*�.(!�&(�r,/w *�07��Qx2yVz,Z��./<�{X|�}�~��5!�x5�5z;,Z��./<�x���|�}C~7zA K ��!Y��<A&(<2��*3<$<$#%J��;02./<�./�/��B@:�B@��#+<2�\�p��k N �X*3�4&(��BM �6�5�60$0�k]��B@��<2d/S�DC./#<2�T�5��� 0�!$#�!$./�I)%�a02#%8�� *3)�02��.40;)1*r����<$B@�I&�= ./�gB@�3!X&(�a��b/#%!$0 N�� 8 �� �CS" �P)W�607!I��� 02./#%!2�r02./<2�>:T�Aw *3�C!$#%)+)%���/�/:a,/. #+0��5���CJ���<2!2#U���i02#%8�� *3)W*3� *�)%��8�#1DC./�[sf)>= *�#+&/�&= ./� K;LpM

ROM

f1 f2

fc

CNA

CNA

fc

Circuitanalogique

I

Sur-échantillonage

n bits n bits

Q

ITrain binaire

1 bitQ

�����H�W�� �- K ���QJ���<A07#+���e&/�60\&(���/�/:��T0\&(.g�Q./B@:�<$#+DC./�as?)^= *3�4*3)+��8�#1DC./� N haj(kiS

�P)a�607!�,/<$:5��:6<$*�b/)%��DC./��)%��b/<$./#%!i&(�lDC. *3�C!2# � �6*E!2#+����&(�T0]�5���QJ���<2!2#10202��./<A0e�����C!2<$#%�b/. �')+�gB?��#%�40r,Z��0$02#%b/)+�g*3.�b <2./#%!?!2�3!A*3)>Yo�*�� 0?)%�]��*�0r&/��)1*t<2:T�5��,/!2#+����&�= ./�chaj(kl_02#X�/��. 0��/�]J���./)+��� 0@,4*�0fDC./�])+� K;MpL ,4*3<2!2#1�5#+,4�],Z��./<e,/)%.40e&(�l�TyQ��&/�]b/<2. #�!'&/�)>= *�#%< N {a�T�/�6�C�[�]S"_��/��. 0a)+./#�#+B@,4�C07��� 0a./�lb <2./#%!-,/)1*3�4�Aw/��<-&/�]{a�6�/�T���-� N <A*3B@��� :*�.l�/#%J��6*�.�&(�f)>= *���!$���/� �TS" K ��)1*�02��!2<A*�&/./#�!?, *3<r./�/�e&/dC�4*3B@#+DC./��&(.��5���QJ���<2!2#10$07�6./<02./,Z��<$#%�6./<2�Xsf���6�����'��{a�V�Y���6� �T�"E�U*[&(dQ� *3B@#1DC./�X�607!���b(!2�6�C. �X���e&/#%B@���407#+���/�4*3�C!�)+�B@�(&(./)1*E!$��./<�������!X)%� � )%!2<$�a&(�a&(:6��#%B�*E!$#%���e��!��6�]�Aw/��#107#10$02*���!�)%�I�/��B-b/<$�I� &(�Ib/#%!$0&(�a���Q& *38���Co�*3�40�)^= �59(��B@,/)+�a�5#%!2:�_(./�/��!2�6)%)+�a&(dQ� *3B@#1D�. ��<$�607!2��./����b(¡��T�"!$#���&(#�¢f��#%)+�as*3!7!2�6#%�4&(<2�� K = �607!�,Z��./<ADC./��#>_ #+)W�607!�,Z��0$07#+b/)+�r&(�r)+*f&/#%B@#+�C. ��<����i*�B?, )%# � *3�C!pB@��#%� 0�)+�02#%8�� *3)02#02*?,/./#10$02*�� �5�Is-)>= ���C!2<$:����607!X&(:�¡7s?:�)+��J�:���C�P)�T0�!\,Z��0$07#+b/)+�a&(�a�5��. <7!2�£��#%<A�5./#%!2�6<)>= *�B@,/)%# � �6*E!2�6./<[��*�#%b )%�fb <2./#%!?&/�e)>= �6��!$<2:6� N ��.�� L�M¥¤ ���E¦ L ��#+02� M B@,/)+# � ��<"S[��!5RV��.&= .(!$#%)+#+02��<-./��*3B@,/)+# � ��*E!$��./<rsg8�*3#+�l�5����!$<2§�)%: N^M h K Sa*VJE*3�C![)%�f�����QJ��6<7!$#+0$02��./<T K ��)1*,Z��<$B@�5!?*�#%�407#�&(�'&/#%B@#+�C. ��<?)%�T0r�����C!2<A*3#+�C!2�60-<2�6,4�C02*��C!-07./<?)+�'�5���QJ���<2!2#10$07�6./< N B@��#%� 0&(�eb/#�!A0-&(�'�5�(&/*38�����.l&(����<$:6DC./�6� �5�'&= :T�Aw *3�C!$#%)+)%��� *38��@B?��#%�40a:�)+��J�:���_U��<A&(<$�?B@��#%� 0#+B@,4��<7!A*3�C!\,4��./<\)%�?���'

Page 21: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�ac���������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

��� $��/� � A �{OjX0J ��A ��A��!��X��NX0I�(YW J "�R?A#CUR�@�JMW!�?XxI^yX~hHf0GJs%CFI/ .VTLQE�:CTI\hif��.L�vCFXUs%P%VrMQM9XaK8hHI{hif:K8MQf0GJGJEHIOIHL CFI{K%f:G~�%R9I{_.I\hif0GJs3f:M9XaKvL9M

I/ +LQI�RQK8I�MZMjf:KvL\CFI�MZs%R9VFK8hiVFs8XaP �hiR9VwL9£HR9I�MZ_%XaK!MmCFI)hN¢%f0V �_.IJCon X0R9hN¢%VTLQI?h L9P%RQIJ_.P�hiVFR9hHP%VTL�A^Dn IHK+�+VTR9f0K8K%IHGJIHKvL~¢8f:MjLQVFCTIqXaP! <hif:GJG~P%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K8M,MQs!E?hiVrXaCFIHGJIHKvL,_8XaK8MeCTI?M ,�f0K%I?M~P8Rj|�8XaVFK%I?M(VFGJs!fvMjISX0P! ~hiVFR9hHP%VTL9M _.I�s3f0P%�:f0VFR(L9R9X0VwL9IHR _.I?M#MQVFW0K8X0P! U�%R9P%VwL9E�M IHL _zn I�KeE�G,IHLjL9RQICTIZGJf0VFK8M's3f:M9MjVF�%CFI0A.^Dn EiL9RQf:VwL9I�M9MjI\_.Pqh�XaK8X0C�_.I\dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI\X0CTCFf0P%EZp,hN¢8X0�vP%I\P.LQVFCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RI�MjLSs!I�P.Lj| �iL9RQI[P%K8IU_.I�M�s%R9VFK8hiVFs8XaCFI�MS_%V �®hiP8CwL9E�MO_%X0K8M�CFIUhHX0M�_.P��[�.� � �ac0c��.��, � A��"�/ �("��o #��&(�546�+/0�v-#1���2! ^Dn XaKvLQI�K%K%I _%PULQE�CTE�s%¢%f:K%I h�Xas.L9I�K%f:K~MjI�P%CFIHGJIHKvL(CFI MQVFW0K8X0C0�0f:P%CFPUG)XaVrM(X0P8MQMQV0Con EHK%I�Rj|

W0VFI©XaP >dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?MU�:f0VrMjVFK%I�M�Ayl{s%RQ£?M~Con XaKvLQI�K%K%I�(P%K _%P%s%CFI/ .IHP%R,MjE�s8XaR9I®CFI�MeMjVFW0K8X0P! GJf0KvL9X0K:LNMDIHL�_.I?MQhHIHK8_8XaKvL9M�A:�\XaK8M CFI\h�X0M�_%Pq�[�.��vCFI�M'MjVFW0K8X0P! )Mjf:K:L'EHWvXaCFIHGJIHKvL�E�G,VrMIiL5RQI + P8Mqp _.I�M©dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�Mq_.V "3E�RQI�K:L9I�M5X &!K�_.I¯G,VFK%VFGJVFMQIHR5CFI�MqVTKvL9IHRQdgEHR9IHK8hHI�M­G~P.|LQP%I�CTCFI�M�A3�DP%VrMmP8K�&8CTLQR9I~s8X:MQMQIi| �8XaK!_.I �gI�K�W0E�K%EHRNXaC#pq�mK8_%I�M{lShHf0P8MjLQVr�vP%I�M\_.IJ�+P%RQd*X0hiI_.VTL 3Q�.l���4 �ZMjE�CTI?h LQVFf0K8K%I)CTI?M[MjVFW0K!XaP! ¯X0s%s8X0RjL9IHK8X0K:LUpqCrX5�8XaK8_%IJ_%IJdgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI®_.I)CFXK%f0R9GJI0A��XaVrMJ_%XaK8MeCrX��8X0K8_.Iq�[�%� R9IiL9IHK+P%I�#VFC'I .VFMjLQI­IHK8hHf0R9I®CTI?MJMjVFW0K8X0P! _.I©L9f0P8MeCFI�M

P.LQVFCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RNM©_.I�CFX K8f0R9G,I¯p�C�n VTK!M¥LNXaKvL21)�vPzn VTC\I�MjL©K%E?hiI�M9M9XaVFRQI`_.I�&8CwL9RQI�R�A �DK I "3IHL�CTI�P%RNM[MjVFW0K8X0P! ���+VFXqCFI�M[K%f:K.| CTVFK%E�X0RQVTLQE?MZ_.I�MUhHf0GJs3f:M9XaKvL9M��s!I�RjL9P%R9�!I�K:L~pqCFIHP%RULQf0P8R[CTIMjVFW0K!XaCyIHL{VFK:L9IHRQdg£HR9IHKvLmX �:I�hZCFIeMQVTW:K8XaC(P.LQVFCTI �gs%R9f._.P%VTL9Mm_�n VFKvLQI�RQGJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K3_%VFMjLQf:R9MQVTf:K_�n XaGJs%CFVwL9P8_.I��iAy�+V CFI,MQ¡.M¥L9£HGJI)hif0R9R9VTW:IUs!I�P¯CFI�MZXaLjLQE�K+P8X6L9VTf:K8MZMjf:P8_%XaVFK%I?M��gd*X0_.VFK%W �\_.PMjVFW0K!XaCZhHXaP!MjE�I�M­s8XaR5Con I�Kv�+VFRQf:K%K%I�G,I�KvL�'P%K�X0G,s8CTV &!hHXaLQI�P%R`p<W:X0VTK hif:K:L9R $:CTE �*lO�U���hif:RQR9VTW:Im_.I\d*X + f0K­s%R9f0s3f0RQLQVFf0K%K%E�ImCFI�M'�6XaR9VrX6LQVFf0Kq_.IZCFX,s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI\GJf6¡0I�K%K%IZ_.PqMQVFW0K8X0C�A^Dn XaGJs%CFV#&!h�X6L9VTf:K�MjP8RmCrX©hN¢8X��rK8I~s3IHP.L[XaCFCTI�R40¥P8M9�vPzn p'��c:c®_%�\A�^yX®hHf0K8hHIHs.L9VTf:K�_.f:VwLXaP8M9MQV s%RQI�K8_.R9IeI�K hif0GJs.L9IJCTI?MZW��HK8I�MZG~P%LQP%I�CTCFI�MU_%I�M[_.V "3E�RQI�KvLQI�MZs!XaRQLQVFI�M[_.P�hiVFR9hHP%VTL�AlOVFK8MQV�aCon XaGJs%CFV#&!h�X6L9IHP%RD_.I�s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI'dgf:K8h L9VTf:K%K8XaKvLDX �0I?h _%I�dgf0RQL9M hif:P%RNXaKvL9M#IHK+�:f0VFI'_.P�%R9P%VwL�_8XaK8M CFI�M X0CTVFGJIHKvL9XaLQVFf0K8M IHL CFIOMQP%�8MjLQRNX6LDpZhN¢8X0�vP%I'dgf0VrM �vPzn VTC%I?M¥LDX:h LQVF�0E�f:P,_.E?MQX:h |LQVF�0E:A?�mI�M XaCFVFG,I�KvL9X6L9VTf:K8MyMQEHs!XaR9EHI�MyIiL#C�n VFMQf0CrX6L9VTf:KU_.I�M#s8X0RjL9VTI?Mz�%R9P%¡vXaKvLQI?M �gVrMQf0CrX6LQVFf0KU_%I�MMjP8�8M¥L9R9XaL9M �'MHn X �0£�RQI�K:L�Mjf:P%�0I�KvL�K8E�hiI?MQM9XaVFR9I�M�A�+EHCFI�hiLQVFf0K%K%I�RZP%K>h�XaK8X0C(EHLQR9f0VTLZpq_.IeLQR9£�M\¢8X0P.LQI?M{dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?MZXaP�GJVFCTVFIHP>_.IJK%f0G,|

�%R9IHP8MQI�M VFKvLQI�RjdgE�RQI�K8hiI?MDK%E?hiI�M9MQVwL9ISP%K &8CTLQR9I{_.I{d*X0h L9IHP%R'_.I{�vP8X0CTVTLQE��¦E�CTI��0E0A 1}C8I?M¥L�_.f0K8hhif:G,GJf._.I�_.I�hN¢8f0VrMjVFR)P%K%I`dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI5VFKvLQIHR9GJE�_.VrXaVFR9I5d*XaVF�%CTI`K8E�hiI?MQMQVTL9XaKvL®_.I?M &8CTLQR9I�MGJf0VFK8MSMjE�CTI?h L9Vwd*MSIHL{_.f0K!hmGJf:VTK8MShHf0GJs%CFI/ .I�MSp,R9E�X0CTVrMjI�R�A��"���1H46=(/01�=(46���(�v1?�:462z&(�z #�^yX`MjLQR9P8h L9P%RQIJ¢%EHLQE�RQf._.¡+K%I � &!W8AY�:A �?c��\MjI)h�XaRNX0h L9EHR9VFMQI,s8XaR[CFI)s8X0M9M9XaW0I,p5P%K%IJdgR9Ei|

�vP%IHK8hHISVTKvL9IHR9G,E?_.VrXaVFRQI�& .I�� 1 �iA:^zI8&!CwL9R9X0W0IS_.P)hHX0K8XaC%I?M¥LDs8CTP8M�XaVrMjESp[_.I?M dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�MVTK%dgEHR9VTI�P%RQI?MZp �� �� A(� IHs3IHK8_%X0KvL�zK%f:P8MZMjf:GJG,I?M[hif:K.dgRQf:KvLQEJp­P8K¯K%f:P%�0I?XaP¯s%RQf:�%CF£HGJI�hiI�CTP%V(_.IZCFXedgR9E��vP%IHK!hiI[VFGJX0W0I:A^zI[MQVTW:K8XaCz_.IZdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI �� � I�MjL�LQRNXaK8MQCrX6LQE[p,CrX~dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI ���� �+VrXeCFI[GJEHCrXaK%W:IHP%R ����� � �� � � �� �� A3� IHs3IHK8_8XaKvLOC�n EHK8IHR9W0VFI\_.P`MQVTW:K8XaCzMQI[MjVTLQP!XaKvL{p,CFXedgR9E��vP%IHK!hiI

��� � ���� � �� � �K�0A �Hu �

Page 22: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� � � � � � �� ����� �� ��� � � ��� � � � � � �� �������� � � �8� ��������� ����������� �j�

f i

f ifrf

d’imageréjéctionFiltre de

canalde

Filtre

LNA

Filtrede

Bande

OL RF

Circuit bande de base

Melangeur Melangeur

Amplificateur FI

OL FI

fol

������� �:A �?c �©�{K%IUhN¢8X � K%I[_.I[R9E�hHIHs.L9VTf:K­¢%EHLQE�RQf._.¡+K%I

MQIZRQIHLQR9f0P%�:ImE�W:XaCFIHGJI�K:LSpJCrX~dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI � �� A%�DCFCTI[I?M¥L{X0s%s!I�CTE�IZCFXedgR9E��vP%IHK!hiIZVTG)X0W0I�9&8W8A��:A � ��� A

������� �0A � ����1}K �8P%IHK!hiIU_.I[CrXedgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI\VFG)XaW:I� f0P%R©G,VFK%VFGJVFMQIHR®CFI�R9IHs%CFVFIHGJIHKvL©MQP%R®CrX>dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI`VTKvLQI�RQGJE?_.VFX0VTR9I��P%K &8CwL9RQI�I�MjL

s%CrX0hHEmI�KqX0GJf0KvL�_%P­GJEHCrXaK8W0IHP8R s3f0P%ROXaLjL9EHK+P%IHR�Con E�K%IHR9W0VFIZp~CrXUdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiIZVFG)XaW0I ��� A�+V � � IiL � �� MQf0KvLSs%R9f.hN¢%I�M�%XaCFf0RNM'CFX,dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI[VFG)XaW0IZCFIUMjI�R9X,E�W:XaCFIHGJI�K:L��*I��3AP�0A �Hu �IHLUK%E�hHI�M9MjVTLQI�R9XqP%K,&8CTLQRNXaW:I)s%CFP8MUMQEHCFI�h L9Vwd¥A � IHs3IHK8_8XaKvLUP%K%I)dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI)VFKvLQI�RQGJE�_%VFX0VTR9IE�CTI��0EHI~VTGJs3f:MQI~P%K�&!CwL9RQIJ_.Ieh�XaK8X0C(X �:I�h[P%K�d*X0h L9IHP%RZ_.I,�:P!XaCFVwL9E~s%CFP8M\VTGJs3f0RQL9X0K:L?A!�{KhHf0GJs%R9f0GJVFM�I�MjL'_.f:K8hOK8E�hiI?MQM9XaVFR9ISIHKvLQR9I{CrX~MQEHCFI�hiLQVF�vVTLQE\_.P &8CTLQR9IZXaKvLQVT|�dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI{VTG)XaW:IIHLShHIHCFCTIU_%P2&!CwL9RQI[_.IUh�XaK8X0CzXas%R9£�M'CFI[G,E�CFX0K%W0I�P%R?A�en X0P.LQR9I�MZL¥¡+s3I�M[_.I)s8RQf:�%CT£�GJI�MZVFK%¢%EHR9IHKvLNM[pqLQf0P%L[L¥¡vs3I®_�n XaRNhN¢%VTLQIiL9P%R9IJX0P8M9MjVDMQP%RQ|

�+VFIHK%K%I�KvL�Shif:G,GJI¯CFX K%f0K%|oCFVTK8E�XaR9VTLQE�_.I�hiI�RjLNXaVFK%I�M©dgf0K!h LQVFf0K!M­IHLqCrX dgP8VwL9I�_zn E�K%IHR9W0VFI_.I5hiI�RjLNXaVFK8MeIHK8_.R9f0VTL9Me�0I�R9Me_�n XaP.L9RQI?Mef#"<VFCFM,K%I5Mjf:KvLes8X:M,XaLjL9IHK8_.P!M,hHf0GJs%CFVF�vP%I�KvLeCrXhHf0K8hHIHs.L9VTf:Kq_.IZCon I�K8MQIHG~�8CTIU_.P5hiVFRNhiP%VTL�A^yX­M¥L9RQP!h LQP8RQIe¢%f0GJf._.¡+K%I~s3IHR9GJIiL[_�n EH�+VwL9IHR\P%K�s8RQf:�%CT£�GJIUL¥¡+s%Vr�:P8Ie_.I?M\MjLQR9P8hiLQP%R9I

¢%EHLQE�RQf._.¡+K%I �%hiI�CTP8Vy_.I[CrX~dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiIH|oVFG)XaW:I0A� "¯��1H46=#/a1�=(46���#2!; 2z&y�z #�� IiLQLQI'XaRNhN¢%VwL9I�hiLQP%R9I �*X0P8MQMQV:X0s%s3IHCFEHI�,�EHR9fa| 1 ��I�MjL(hHX0R9X:h LQE�RQVrMQEHI s8XaR(P%K%I L9R9X0K8MQCFXaLQVFf0K

_.VFR9I�h L9IU_.P`MjVFW0K!XaC�R9I + P 0¥P8M9�vPzn pJCFXJ�8X0K8_.IU_.I~�8X0MQI0A%lxs8RQI�G,VF£HR9IZ�+P%I�%I�CTCFIURNX0M9MjI�G~�%CFI�3I�X0P8hif:P%s¦_�n X �6XaKvL9X0W0I�M �'M9X MQVTGJs%CFVrhiVTLQE��CFI¯K8f0G~�8RQI�GJf:VTK8_%RQI>_.I¯MQI�Mqhif:G,s3f:M9XaKvLNM�*E�hif:K%f0GJVFIe_.P m�S� 1 �_%P &8CTLQR9Ie_.IedgR9E��vP%IHK!hiI,VTG)XaW:I��iA3�`f:VTK!Mm_.Iedgf0K!h LQVFf0K!M{s3IHP.L

Page 23: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� � ��������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

IHKvLQRNX � K%I�RDGJf0VFK8M�_.I\hif:K8Mjf:GJGJXaLQVFf0K)_.I{hHf0P%RNXaKvL?A0^zI�&8CwL9RQIm_.Imh�XaK8X0C%s!I�P.L �HLQR9I{GJf0VFK8MMjE�CTI?h L9Vwd zVFCDI?M¥L~pqs%R9E�MQIHKvL[VTKvL9EHW0RNXa�8CTI:Az� I�s!I�K8_%X0K:L~hHIiLQLQI®MjLQR9P8h L9P%RQIJKzn X5s8X:M[�:P8IJ_%I�MX �6XaKvL9X0W0I�M�A�� XaReI/ .IHGJs%CFI�#XaP MQIHVFK<_�n P%K<GJEHCrXaK%W:IHP%R�zP%K8I®dgRNX0h L9VTf:K<_.I®Con E�K%IHR9W0VFI©_.PMjVFW0K!XaC(_%IUC�n f:M9hiVFCFCFXaLQIHP8R{CFf+h�XaC(RQI�G,f:KvLQIU_%X0K8M{CrX)�:f0VFI~¤ !IHL{GJEHCrXaK%W:EHI~p®IHCFCTIeG ��GJI�hiR9EHI P%K8I�hif:G,s3f:M9XaKvL9IDhif0KvL9VTK+P%I W��HK8X0K:L9ID_%XaK!M�P%K%I�MjLQR9P8hiLQP%R9ID¢%f:G,f._.¡+K%I:AH^Dn VFK��8P%I�K8hiI_.I�hHIiLjL9I5dgP%VTLQI�I?M¥L®G ��G,I¯X0hHhHIHKvLQP8EHI�MQVOIHCFCTI�RQI�G,f:KvLQI 0¥P8M9�:Pyn p Con IHKvLQR9EHI�_.P ^ �{l �iA� IHs3IHK8_8XaKvL P%K%I�dgP%VTLQIO_.ISCon �\^q_8XaK8M CFIO^ �ml�IHKJXaGJf0KvLD_.PJGJEHCrXaK%W:IHP%R MQI�LQRNXaK8Mjdgf0R9GJIIHK5P%K5MjVFW0K!XaCz�[� X0s%RQ£?M�CTIZGJEHCrXaK8W0IHP8RSIiLSs!f:CTCFP%IUp,s%R9E�MQIHKvLSCTIUMQVFW0K8X0C3P%LQVFCTI:A^zI®�%R9P%VTL~IHK�� -?d �*hHf0GJGJI)CFX�hHf0GJs3f:M9XaKvLQI)�[���UMQIJLQR9f0P%�:I®_%XaK8MUCFX5�8X0K8_.I®P%LQVFCTI

_.P5MjVFW0K8X0C�IiLSW���K%IZCTI[MQVTW:K8XaCoA%^zI?MS_.VrM¥L9f0RNMjVFf0K8M'_.P`MQI�hif:K8_­f0RN_.RQI\Mjf:KvLSMQP8M9hiI�s.LQVF�%CFI�MS_.Ihif:Kv�:IHRQLQVFR[C�n EHK8IHR9W0VFI®_.I ��� qp � Xas8RQ£?M[P%K EiLNXaW:I)K%f0K CFVTK8E�XaVFR9I0A#� I®s8¢%EHK%f:GJ£HK%I)I?M¥LVTGJs3f0RQL9X0K:L�_%XaK!MDCFI�M'Mj¡.MjLQ£HGJI?M�GeP%CwL9Vw| GJf._.I�M�LQI�CFM CTI?M hHVTRNhiP8VwLNMD�%VT|o�!XaK8_.I?M'�[�%� -6�[����A�mX0K8MZhiIJhHX:M{P%K8I~dgRNX0hiLQVFf0K¯_%IeCon E�K%IHR9W0VFIe_zn P%K�MQVTW:K8XaC �[�.��pq]0c:c©����,,MQI,RQIHLQR9f0P%�:Ip\�?�0c:c­����,)Xas%R9£�M\CFIJ^ �{l _�n P%K�s!f:RjLNXa�%CFI,�%Vw| �8X0K8_.IJIiL[�+VTI�KvL[M�n X 0¥f0P%LQIHRZXaP�MQVTW:K8XaC�Z��� ��MjIZL9R9X0K8M¥dgf:RQG)X0K:LSXas8RQ£?M�L9R9X0K8MQCFXaLQVFf0K®dgR9E��vP%I�KvLQVFIHCFCTI[I�K­�%R9P%VTL{hif:K:L9VTK+P �iA�OVrM¥L9f0R9VF�vP%I�G,I�KvL#CrX{MjLQR9P8h L9P%R9I�¢%EHLQEHR9f._.¡+K%I�XOs%CFP8M#�+VwL9I EHLQE'GJX��FL9RQVrMQEHI �vP%I'CrX{MjLQR9P8h |

LQP%R9IS¢%f:G,f._.¡+K%I:A:� IHs3IHK8_8XaKvL�aCFI�MD�!I?Mjf:VTK8M�X0h L9P%IHCrM IHK,L9IHR9G,IO_%IOhif0K!Mjf:G,G)XaLQVFf0K,IiL�_.IMjP8Rjd*X:hiI�_.I�hif:GJs!fvMQX0K:L�Hs3f0P8M9MQIHKvL#CFI�M#hif:K8hiI�s.LQI�P%RNMyXOP%LQVFCTVrMjI�R CFXmM¥L9RQP8hiLQP%R9I�¢8f0GJf._.¡+K%I0A��"�/ �("��o #��&(�51�46"% (�?;<�����?�*23 ^zIOd*X0VwL��vP%IOCFImhiVFRNhiP%VTL��8X0K8_.Im_%IO�8X0MQISdgf:P%RQK8VFM9MjI{P%K%I{s8P%VFM9M9XaK8hHIORQI�CFXaLQVF�0I�G,I�KvLDVTG,|

s!f:RjLNXaKvLQIZIHLmhif:K8M¥LNXaKvLQIZs3IHR9GJIiLm_.I[CFVFG,VTLQI�R{CFI�MSEHL9X0W0I�MS_zn X0G,s8CTV &!hHXaLQVFf0K`_.I[s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiIs8XaR CFX~MjP%VTLQI:Av^yI�M �%VTL9M VFM9MjP!M�_.ImCFX[s!XaRQLQVFI{K+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%Im_.f0VF�0I�K:L �iLQR9IOGJVrM�I�K)dgf0R9GJI{X &8K�vP%IeCFIHP8Rmf.hHhHP%s8XaLQVFf0K¯MQs3I�h L9R9X0CTI,Mjf:VwLZR9E�_.P%VTLQI:A�^yX)dgf:RQGJI,f0s.L9VTG)X0CTIeI�MjLZP%LQVFCTVrMjE�I,_8XaK8MCTI,hHX:Mm_.P>�[�.� I�K�&8CTLQRNXaKvLmCFIUL9R9X0VTK�_%I~�%VTL\s!XaR{P8K &8CTLQR9I~WvXaP8M9MjVFIHKyA!^zI?Mm_%V#"�EHR9IHK8hHI�M_�n Xas%s8X0VTRNXaW:I)IHKvLQR9I©CFI�Me�0f:VTI?M�1[IHL ��IHKvL9R9X��rK%I­P%K%IqXaCTLQEHRNX6L9VTf:K<_.P MQVTW:K8XaCoA lOs%R9£�MeCFXLQRNXaK8MQCrX6LQVFf0K5I�K5dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHIUIiL{Con XaGJs%CFV#&!h�X6L9VTf:K8CFI~MQVTW:K8XaC�L9R9X �:IHRNMjIZCFI~_.P%s8CTI +I�P%ROf:P`CTIM��SVTL9hN¢©s!f:P%R R9I 0¥f:VTK!_.RQImC�n XaKvL9IHK%K%I:Av�\XaK!M�CFI\h�X0M _.Pq�[�.� vCrX~hN¢!X � K%Im_.ImLQRNXaK!MjGJVrMQMQVTf:K_.EHCFVF�vR9ISP%K%ISs8P%VFM9M9XaK8hHIOhif0K!M¥LNXaKvLQI�aIiLDCon X0GJs%CTV &!h�X6LQI�P%R�_.ISs8P%VFM9M9XaK8hHISIHK &8K)_.I{hN¢!X � K%I�dgf0P%R9K%VTLyCrXS_.¡+K8XaGJVr�:P8ID_.IDs%P%VrM9MQX0K8hiI K%E?hiI?MQM9XaVFRQI p�Con E�GJVFM9MjVFf0K ���Zª�p��\k0k:_%�'G �iAi�DK[R9Ii|�6XaK8hN¢%I�6_%XaK8M(CFI�M hHX:M(_.I?M#K%f0R9GJI�M(���\�\��IHL �m���O�Us3f0P8R#CFI�M9�vP%IHCFCFI�M(CTI?M#MQVFW0K8X0P! UMjf:K:LGJf+_%P%CTE?MZIHK�s%¢8X:MjIJIHLZI�K XaGJs%CFVwL9P8_.I�yVTC I?M¥LUVFGJs!f:RjLNXaKvLU_�n X �:f0VFR\_%I�M[XaGJs%CFV &!hHXaLQIHP8R9MCTVFK%E?XaVFRQI?MHA.^Dn XaGJs%CFV &!hHXaLQIHP8RO_.I[s%P%VrMQM9XaK!hiI\IiLOP%K`lO�U� MQIZs8XaRQL9X0W0I�K:L�CrX)_.¡+K8XaGJVr�:P8IZpW0E�K%EHR9IHR?A���+�J-#4 2!1�2y/023$*�+�e&#��/:2!;<;>=# (��/0".1?�*23 (�^yX,G)XaK%VF£HR9I[_.f0KvLSCTIUMQVFW0K8X0C3I?M¥LORNX ¡0f:K%K%E\_%XaK8M�Con XaVFRSI�MjLO�%VTI�K­R9EHW:CTI�GJIHKvLQE�I0A!� f0G,|

GJIHKvLUIHK I "3IHL~s8XaRQL9X0W0I�R\I�KvLQR9IJLQf0P!M[CTI?M[P.L9VTCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RNM�zCFXqR9I�M9Mjf:P%RNhiI,LQI�G,s3f0R9IHCFCFI��dgR9Ei|�vP%IHKvLQVFIHCFCFI\IHLOC�n EHK8IHR9W0VFI�� �Of:P8MSXaCFCFf0K8MShHVwL9IHRSCFI�M�s%R9VTK!hiVFs8XaP! ­s%RQf0LQf.hif:CTI?MHA^Dn l{��¤ � �*lSh�hi£�M[��P%CwL9VTs8CTI®p`¤SE�s8XaRQLQVTLQVFf0K�_%X0K8MZCTI®�(IHGJs8M � yCTI?MZP.LQVFCTVrM9X6LQI�P%RNMUMjI

s8XaRQL9X0W0I�K:L®CFI`L9IHGJs8MqhN¢8X0hHP%K p CFIHP%R©LQf0P8R�A'^zI�L9IHGJs8M©I�MjLq_.VF�+VFMQE�IHK LQRNXaGJI�M��I�CTCFI�MG �HGJI�MU_%VT�+VrMjE�I�M[I�K VTKvLQI�RQ�6X0CTCFI�MU_%IJLQIHGJs8MeXas%s3IHCFE�M~MjCFfaLNM�y_%EHs3IHK8_%X0KvLe_.I®CrX5K%f0R9GJI0A�mX0K8M,CTI5hHX:Me_%P �[�.�� P8K%I©L9R9X0GJI­_.Iqu8A �j� ª6G)MUI?M¥L)_.VF�vVrMQEHIqIHK �>MQCTf0L9M,hif0KvL9IHK8X0K:LhN¢8X0hHP%K5_.I�M��%VTL9M{_.IU_.f0K8K%EHI?M �M� ��u � IiLO_.IUhHf0KvLQR%$0CFI0A

Page 24: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� � � � � � �� ����� �� ��� � � ��� � � � � � �� �������� � � �8� ��������� ����������� �0k^Dn l{��¤ �*lSh�hi£?Mm�`P8CwL9VTs%CFI)p©¤SE�s8XaRQLQVTLQVFf0K¯s8XaR R9E��vP%I�K8hiI?M �{hHX0R9X:h LQE�RQVrMQIUC�n X0h�hi£?M

X0PqMQs!I?h L9RQI[pJ_.I�MSdgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�MS_.V "3E�RQI�KvLQI�MSMQP%VF�6XaKvLSCTI?MSP.LQVFCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RNMHA^Dn l{��¤S� ��lShHhi£?My�`P8CwL9VTs%CFI p{¤SEHs8X0RjL9VwL9VTf:K[s8XaR � f+_%I�M ��_.V "3E�RQI�K8hiVFI�CFI�MyP.LQVFCTVrM9X6LQI�P%RNM

X �:I�hqP%K hif._%X0W0I�_.I¯_.f0K%K8EHI�M­_.V "3E�RQI�K:L?A�� I�MQf0KvL©_.I?M©hHf+_%I�M)f:RjL9¢%f0W:f0K8X0P! �vP%V{K8Is3IHP%�:IHKvL�VFKvLQIHRQdgEHR9IHR�CTI?M�P%K!M�X �0I?h�CTI?M�X0P.LQR9I�M�A:^�n X:hHhi£?MDXaP®LQIHGJs8M�:pUCFXZdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI{IiL'X0PhHf+_%I�_%E/&8K%V�aVFC%K%f:P8M RQI?M¥L9ISpm�:f0VFR hif0GJGJIHKvLDCon E�GJVFM9MjVFf0KJMQI�_%V#"�EHR9IHK8hHVTIO_%I'CrXZR9E�hiI�s.LQVFf0KyA^zI[GJf._.IUpJs8X0RjLNXaW:IZ_%IZLQIHGJs8MSd*XaVTLm�vP%I[CFXJR9E�hHIHs.L9VTf:K­IHLOCFX,L9R9X0K8MQG,VrM9MjVFf0K5MjIZdgf:KvL

pJ_.I?M�G,f:GJIHKvL9M ��MjCFfaLNM �'_.V "3E�RQI�KvL9M ���[�%��!�[��� �\��¤{� !���\�\� !�{���O�®W:EHK%E�R9XaLQVFf0K��� A�\XaK8MSCFIZGJf+_%IUpes!XaRQL9XaW:I\_%IZdgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�.R9E�hiI�s.LQVFf0KqIiLSL9R9X0K8MQG,VrM9MjVFf0K5MHn I/"�I�hiLQP%I�KvL

MQVTGeP%CTL9XaK8EHGJIHKvLSG)XaVrMSp,_%I�M�dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?MS_.V#"�EHR9IHKvL9I�M �*�m���O� �iA

���%$�� � � A �?OtRUJ � � ( I �PO �^zI,�%R9P%VTLZ�vP%V K%f:P8M{W��HK%IeKzn I�MjL\s8X:M\K%E�hHI�M9MQX0VTR9IHGJIHKvL{CFI,�%RQP8VwL\LQf0L9XaCoA3�DK�dgf:K8h L9VTf:K

_.I>Con X0s%s%CFVFh�X6LQVFf0K ���[�.��{�\� ¤{� S���Z�\� {�m���O��AFATA � O_.I?M®L¥¡+s3I�M5_.I>GJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0K8MI�G,s8CTf6¡:EHI�M�+CTI?M'LQf:CTE�R9X0K8hiI?M'hN¢!XaK%W:IHKvL�A

��� �*�3�+ (/:�v�,�?=y4©$����(46=#�g1)&#��$*"�-�284 1?�v=#�?�^yX­W0E�K%EHRNX6L9VTf:K�_.IJCrX©s3f0RQLQI�P8MjI,I�MjLUMjf:P%�0I�KvLmCrX­s!XaRQLQVFI,_.I,CrXqhHf0K8hHIHs.L9VTf:K�CrX©s8CTP8M

_.E�CTVrhHXaLQI>_%XaK8M­CrX LQE�CTE�s%¢%f:K%VTI¯GJf0�%VFCTI:A'^yI�Mq�vP8XaCFVwL9E�MqMjs3I�hiLQRNXaCFI�Mq_.I�CrX<s3f0RQLQI�P8MQI¯MQI_.E?_.P%VrMjI�KvLS_%IUhiIHCFCFI�MS_.I[CrX,K%f0R9GJI\IHL{_.IZC�n XaRNhN¢%VTLQI?h LQP8RQI[_.P`hiVFRNhiP%VTL�A� $*"�46�v/:�v-(1?�*23 � f0K!MjVr_.EHR9f0K!MUP%K MQVFW0K8X0C'�[�.� _.I©s%P8VFM9MQX0K8hiI©G,VFK%VFG~P%G X0RQR9VF� X0KvLeMjP8R~Con X0K:L9IHK%K8I

��MjI�K8MjVF�%VFCTVTLQE�p{| ]:]m_%�'G � A �{f0P8M X �:f0K8My�vP,s%R9E�hHE�_.I�G,I�KvL �vP%I'CTI?M s%R9f0s%R9VTEHLQE?Mys%¢+¡.MQVF�vP%I?M_.I�hHIHRQL9X0VTK%I?M)s8X0RjL9VTI?M)_.P hiVFR9hHP%VTL©XaVFK8MjVm�:P8I�CTI�P%R©_.EHd*XaP.L©LQRNXaK8MQCFXaLjL9IHKvL®_.I�Con E�K%IHR9W0VFIs8X0R9X:MjVTLQI�_.I{hHIHRQL9X0VTK%I?M#dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M MQP%RDCFIOMjVFW0K!XaC%hif:KvLQIHK!XaKvL C�n VTK%dgf0R9GJXaLQVFf0KJP.L9VTCFI0A �{f0P8Ms3f0P%�:f0K8M MQVTLQIHR CFIOhHX:MD_.ISCon E�K%IHR9W0VFIS_.I�M�MjVFW0K8X0P! ~E�G,VrM s8X0RDCFI�M P.L9VTCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RNM s%R9f.hN¢%I�M �vP%VMQf0KvL�E�W:XaCFIHGJI�K:L�h�Xas.L9E�M s8XaR�C�n XaKvLQI�K%K%I � 1}KvLQI�RjdgE�RQI�P%R9MDs!f:P%R CFI�MDdgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M�s%RQf.hN¢%I?MDIHL�%CFf.�vP%IHP%RNM\s!f:P%R[CFI�MZCFf0VFK:LNXaVFK%I�MZIHLUK%f0K>K%E?hiI�M9M9XaVFRQI�G,I�KvLZ_.I,L¥¡+s3I©�[�.� � Ay� X0R[VTKvL9IHRQ|GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:KDP%K%I¯s8XaRQLQVFI�_.P �%R9P%VTL­_.I¯s%¢8X0MQI�_.I�Con f:M9hiVFCTCrX6L9IHP%R®CFf.hHX0C � &8W!A?�:A � ���JMQIL9R9X0K8MjCrX6L9I­p�CFX�dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHIq_%P MQVTW:K8XaC'IiL)s3IHP.L)XaCTLQE�RQI�ReCFIqMQVFW0K8X0C�A��mn I�MjL,s3f0P%RN�vP%f0V'CFI�%R9P%VTLO_.I[s%¢8X:MjI[_.I[Con fvMQhHVTCFCrX6LQI�P%R�CTf.h�XaCz_.f:VwL �HLQR9I\CFIZs%CFP8M�d*XaVF�%CFI[s!fvMQMQVF�%CTI:A� $ �F�+;<�*�?����2! ^Dn EHK8IHR9W0VFID ��� _.P�MQVTW:K8XaC#p)Con E�G,VrM9MjVFf0K �9&8W8A �0A ��k��SIHK�_.I�¢%f0RNM{_.IeMjf:K�hHXaK!XaC(_%f0VTL

�HLQR9IUGJVTK%VFGJVFMQEHI,s%P%VrM9�:Pyn I�CTCFIeM�n X 0¥f0P.L9I~p©hHIHCFCTI,_.I�MmP.L9VTCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RNMm�0f0VrMQVTK8M�A 1}C#I�MjL\hHIHs3IHK.|_%X0KvL)X0P.LQf:RQVrMQEq_�n EHGJIHLjLQR9I�_.I5Con E�K%IHR9W0VFI`p>hHIHRQL9X0VTK%I?MJ_.VFMjL9X0K8hiI?M,dgRQE?�vP%IHKvLQVFIHCFCFI�M)_.I5CrXs3f0RQLQI�P8MjI �gCrX®L9f0CFEHRNXaK8hHI~I?M¥L[�vP8XaKvLQV &8E�I�� A��DCFCFI�MZs%R9f6�+VTI�K%K%IHKvL{W:EHK%E�R9X0CTI�GJIHKvL\_.P�hif:G,|s8X0R9XaLQI�P%R _.I\s%¢8X:MjImIiLS_.P­_%VT�+VrMjI�P%R'_8XaK8M CTIZMQ¡vKvL9¢%EiL9VFMQIHP%R�_.ImdgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�M'XaP! )¢8X0RQGJf0|K%Vr�vP%I�M�GeP%CTLQVFs%CTI?MO_.IZCrX,dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHIZ_%IZhHf0GJs8X0R9X0VFMQf0KzA

Page 25: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6u ��������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

(f)OLS

rff

f OL

rfRepliement des énergies sur fAprès mixage,

+1.8MHzP

P+600kHz

Prf

f rf

Spectre de l’oscillateur local

−26dBm

−33dBm

−48dBm

−99dBm

+600kHz

+1.8MHz

Spectre de la réception

Bloqueurs

En réception

������� �0A � ���q� f0KvL9R9X0VTKvLQIZp,CFX,R9E�hHIHs.L9VTf:Kq_�n P%K`MQVTW:K8XaCy�[�.�� � ���!�+ #/0�+�J��=(4®$*� �(46=#�g1J&(��$ �T�#2846$�2!�3�^zI�MD¢%f0R9CTf:W0I?M Mjf:K:LDs8RQE?MjI�K:L9I�M pZs%CFP8MQVTI�P%RNM EiLNXas3I�MD_.PJL9R9X0VwL9IHGJIHKvL�_.P®MQVFW0K8X0C%�:P8I{MjI

Mjf:VwL{_8XaK8M�CFIU_.f0G)X0VTK%IUX0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%I\f0P5K+P%GJEHR9Vr�:P8I � k � A8�(f0P.L{_zn X0�!f:R9_�.I�CTCFI�M{Mj¡+K8hN¢%R9fa|K%VrMjI�K:L(CFXSK+P%GJE�RQVrMQXaLQVFf0K[_.P~MQVFW0K8X0C0�0f.h�XaC�H_.V "3E�RQI�K:L9I�MyEiL9X0s!I?My_.I hif._%XaW:I��CFXOhHf0K+�0I�R9MQVFf0KIHK®MQVTW:K8XaC%X0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%I�IHL�CTI{G,f._.P8CFXaLQIHP8R�MjVFW0G)Xa| _.I�CwLNXZ_.P®Mj¡+KvLQ¢8EiLQVrMQIHP%R�_%ISdgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�Ms%R9f0W0RNXaGJG)Xa�8CTI\_.PqLQRNXaK8MQGJIiLjL9IHP%R?A��" � �=(; �:46����".1?�*23 ���&(�`$�"��32!� ��+V CFI­MQs3I�h L9RQI­_.I®CrX��0f:V# �MHn EiL9IHK8_�0¥P8MQ�vPzn p �0c �+��,�#CFX�KvP8G,E�RQVrMQIHR~MQP%R~CrX`�8X0K8_.I

k0c:c6|}kau:c:c{��,mMQP��JL{A 1}C3I�MjL�I�M9MQIHKvLQVFIHC8�vP%I{CTIm�%RQP8VwL _%I{�vP8XaKvLQV &!h�X6LQVFf0K)MQP%R hHIiLQLQIO�8X0K8_.IMjf:VwL­CTI¯s%CTP!M®d*X0VT�%CFI�s3f:M9MQVT�%CFI0A �Of:P8M 0¥P8W0IHR9f0K!M®CrX<�vP8XaCFVwL9E¯_.P�hif0K+�:IHRQLQVrMQMQIHP%R­MjP%RqMQX_.¡+K8XaGJVr�vP%I{han I�MjL'pe_.VFRQImC�n E�h�XaRQL�IHKvLQR9IOCrXU�6XaCFIHP8R�G)X .VFGJX0CTImXaP.L9f0R9VFMQEHI{pUC�n IHKvLQR9EHI\X �0I?h_.I�Mm_.VrM¥L9f0RNMjVFf0K8M{X0hHhHIHs.LNXa�%CFI�M{IiL{CrX)�6XaCFIHP8R{GJVTK8VTG)XaCFIe_%VFhiLQEHIes8XaR{CTIeK%VT�:I�X0P5_%I~�%R9P%VTL�A�mPzn VTCOM�n X0W0VrMQMQI­_zn P%K¦� �ml p¯h�Xas8X:hiVTLQE�M)hHf0GJG~P%LQEHI?M,f0P�p>hHf0P%RNXaKvLNMehHf0GJG~P.L9E�M�DMQX�+P%CTK8EHRNXa�%VFCTVTLQE[X0P­�%R9P%VTL{_.IUMQf0Kq¢%f0R9CTf:W0I\MjI�R9XJ_.V "3E�RQI�KvLQI0A�mX0K8MDhiI�RjLNXaVFK8M hiVFR9hHP%VTL9M K+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%I?M s!f:P%R GJf0�%VFCTI�aCrXm�:f0V UI�MjLDhif._.EHIS_.VFR9I�h L9IHGJIHKvL

p5CFX�Mjf:RjL9VTI)_.P GJVrhiR9f0s%¢%f:K%I®p5Con X0VF_.I­_�n P8K<MjVFW0G)X6|}_.I�CwLNX �*I0A W8A#_.¡+K8XaGJVr�:P8I®_.I���� � MjP8R CrX~�!XaK8_.IZk0c:c6|}kauvc0cZ��, � A �Of:P8M's!f:P%�0f:K8M�GJf:K:L9RQI�R'�vP%I\CFImRNXas%s3f0RQL'MQVFW0K8X0C3p~�%RQP8VwL � � _�n P%K MQVFW0K8X0C'MQVTK+P8MQf�� _%X0C'_.I­dgR9E��vP%IHK!hiI ��� E?hN¢8XaKvL9VTCFCTf:K%K%Eqs8XaR,P%K%I5¢%f:RQCFf0W:I©_.IW0VFW0P%I���[�6XaP.L � ] � �

� � '��� -�� � � ��� � ���� ��

� �K�0A �?ª��lUA � � ��� � � � � ��� � ��� � ' � � A��� ����� ��

Page 26: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� � � � � � �� ����� �� ��� � � ��� � � � � � �� �������� � � �8� ��������� ����������� �:ª

fbb

BBS (f)

f

Canal

frf

(f)RFS

f

S (t)OL

BBS (t) SRF

(t)

fol

(f)OLS

f

Spectre de l’oscillateur local

Spectre du signal bande de base

Après mélange,

spectre du signal RF

�������W��+�6m[ K ���C!2<A*3#+�C!2�Isr)>= :�B@#+0$02#%����&= ./�]02#%8�� *3)�haj(k

o�*3� 0;)%����*�0H���e)%��b/<2. #�!�&(��DC. *���!$# � ��*E!$#%�����607!;#+�(��:�<$#+��./<T_��/��. 0;<2��!2#+��� &(<$���40��5��!7!$�JE*3)+��. <W,Z��. <W)+�Xj L � s�)+*�02��<2!2#+��&(.@�5���QJ���<2!2#10$07�6./<6 L ��. 0W,4��./J���� 0��5��B?, <2�6� &(<$�;8�<����5�s'�5�5!2!2�r����<$B-./)+�rDC./�?,/)+. 0�)+*f��<2:TDC./��� ���r&(.n07#+8��4*3)�s'DC. *���!$# � ��<p�T0�!Ib *�0202��_ZB@��#+)%)+��./<�T0�!\)+�-j L �a

F���./<I./�n�5���CJ���<2!2#10202��. <�se����./<A*3�C!A0�����B@B-.(!$:60 N ,/)+. 0a02��� 02#+b/)%�@DC.�= ./�t�����QJ��6<7!$#+07�02��./<Ys���*�, *���#�!$:60��5��B?Br.(!2:6�606_V�5!6_3*VJ��6��./�/������<$B-./)+��)%:68�`�<$��B@�6��!Y&(#��Z:6<2�6�C!2��� �� S5_E�/��. 0��b(!2�6�/��� 0� �"�����E|��C�f

o�:5!2�6<2B@#+�/���40Usp,/<2:T07�6�C!U)1*X)+#%B@#%!2��sX, *�<7!$#%<W&(�;)1*�DC./�6)%)+��)1*X8�#%8�./��&(�6JQ#%�6��!Y02./,4:6<2#+��. <*�.nb <2./#%!r&(�fDC. *��C!2# � ��*3!2#+������H!2. &(#+���40[)+�e��*�0a&= . ��07#+8��4*3)H*3.4&(#%��&/����<2:TDC./��� ��������_:T�Aw *3�C!2#+)+)%���/�/:'s����e07. <@� b/#%!$06H���g, *�0?&/�gDC. *��C!2# � ��*3!2#+��� N ,4��./<�./�/�]*�B?, )%#%!2. &/��/��<2B�*�)%#107:6�TS�JE*3.(!'��Q�>���O{��V�"���= �6<2<$��. <[&= *�B@,/)%#%!2.4&(����*3#%!2�e,4�6.(!-q5!$<2�@!$<$*�&(./#%!2�f�6�./� ���6<2<$��. <;!$��B@,Z��<$��)+)%����� �%�Ty��>

���!� ����"#�%$� �'&#(� &#)+* N ��+��,CS

F���./<;*3./8�B?�6�C!2��<Y)1*�!2��)%:6<$*�� �5��_E#%)4�607!�&(���4��,/<2:���:�<A*3b/)+�XDC./�\)1*���<2:TD�. ��� ���X&= :T�Aw *3�/�!$#%)+)%���/� *�8��I07��#�!X8�<$*�� &(�I&(��JE*3�C!-� � ��.�DC./�a)+�I�/��Brb/<2�a&(�ab #�!A0\07��#�!p&(#+B@#%�Q./:�

M L ¤ ���Xb/<$./#%!Y!2�6B?,Z��<$��)Z&= ./�/�Xw/��<2)+��8��\&(����<2:TDC./��� ���p�/�/.10/0325476�&= ./�f�5���CJ���<2�!$#+0$07�6./<U&/�p�6}Xb/#�!A0�&(��#%!Uq�!2<$�H#%�/��:�<$#%�6./<Ws[�6}98%: N :6DZC��+��,�S,4��./<U. �/�H��<$:6DC./�6� �5��&= :T�Aw *3�/�!$#%)+)%��� *38��nsc)1*���<2:TDC./��� ���l&(� L d(DC./#10�!T-;X� 02dC�C!$w/:5!$#+02��./<�&/����<2:TD�. ��� ��� N &(��!�dQ,Z�bZ��. ��)%��s�J���<$<$��./#+)%)1*38���&(��,/w *�07�VS�,Z��<$B@�5!Y./�?b/<$./#�!H&(��,/w4*�02��&(��{=<�}����?>@ 476 &#) ,Z��./<./� �[b *3�4&(�[, *�020$*3�C!2�[&/�-)1*�b4��. �5)+�-&(�'�A254764 M J��6�[)^= :6DC. *3!2#+���l��CBr�/��. 0X��b(!2�6�/���40�D@ ���6} &�) � :� ���a02dQ��!$w/:5!$#+02��. <X&(�I��<2:TDC./��� ���60\�����QJQ#%�6��!X&(��� �3

���T0 K;LpM 0p02���C!X�59Q!$<2q6B?�6B@���C!p07�6� 02#%b/)+�60\*�.]b/<$./#�!p&/�[)%�6./<Xw/��<2)+��8��� K = �607!p,4��./<2�DC./��#^_/���5!7!$�[&(��<$�/#+`�<$��&/��#%!Xq5!2<$��!2<$`60�,Z��.gb/<$./d�*��C!2��

Page 27: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�a����������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

��"�/023 �!�v46�?�*23 "% ("8$*23�!����=(�:79 �=#;<�v46�*��=#� � $*=#�v1�2z2!1��lOP �3f0P%L,_.I­CFX�hN¢!X � K%I©_.I­RQE?hiIHs%LQVFf0K<_�n P%K hHVTRNhiP8VwLe�'CFP%IiL9f+faLQ¢ �*MQ¡vK8f0s.L9VF�vP%I &!W8A

�0A ��� � aCFIOMjVFW0K!XaC8X0K8XaCFf0W:VF�vP%I�VrMQMQP®_.P®_.E�G,f._.P8CFXaLQIHP8RDI�MjL�K+P%GJEHR9VFMQEOpZCon X0VF_.Im_�n P8K®hif0G,|s8XaRNX6L9IHP%R?AH^yI�MjVFW0K!XaCaf:�.LQI�KvP[I?M¥L(E�hN¢8X0K:L9VTCFCFf0K%K%EDp ��� ��� �9&8W8AB�0A �Hu ��pOMjf:KZIHKvLQR9EHI�_8XaK8MCTIehiVFR9hHP%VwLOK+P%GJE�RQVr�vP%I0A8^yf0RNMO_.I[Con E?hN¢8XaKvL9VTCFCTf:K8XaW:I�.CrXJ�6XaCFIHP%R{_%P`�%VwLmI�MjL{CTP8I~p)hN¢8X0�vP%If.hHhiP8RQR9IHK8hHIm_�n P%K©dgRQf:K:L�GJf0KvL9X0KvL�_.I\Con ¢%f:RQCFf0W:I{p ��� ���©A 1}C3Kyn ¡®Xes8X0M'_�n IHR9RQI�P%R L9XaKvL�vP%IZCFXJCFI�hiLQP%R9I[MHn I/"�I�hiLQP%IU_.P8R9X0K:LSP%KqL9IHGJs8Mj|o�%VTL�A

0 t

Tech=0.125us Tbluetooth=1us

������� �0A �Hu��®B�hN¢8XaKvL9VTCFCTf:K%K8X0W0IZ_�n P8K5MQVFW0K8X0Cz� CFP%IHLQf+faL9¢qpJCrX,RQE?hiIHs%LQVFf0KlUA � �3�DRNX6LQVr�vP%IHGJI�K:L�3hHIeMQVTW:K8XaC(I�MjL{E�hN¢!XaKvLQVFCTCFf0K8K%E~p©�©����, �*��� � �0ª,K8M � ���OK%I

IHR9RQI�P%RUL9IHGJs3f0R9IHCFCTIq_.I­_�n P%K _.V# .VF£HGJI5_.I­hHIiLjL9I­s3EHR9VFf+_%I � '� � � � �[K8I©K+P%VTL,s8X:Mep�CFXCTI?h L9P%RQI:A%^Dn IHR9RQI�P%R LQIHGJs3f0R9IHCFCTIZs3IHR9GJVFMQImVrhiVyI�MjLSX0VTK!MjV��%VFIHKqs%CFP8M�VTGJs3f0RQL9X0K:L9I[�:P8IZ_8XaK8MCTIUh�X0_.R9IZ_�n P8K%IUhif:Kv�:IHRNMjVFf0K©KvP8G,E�RQVr�vP%Ii|}XaK!XaCFf0W0Vr�vP%I0A� 2! #/0$�=(�?�*23 �Of0P!MZ�0IHK8f0K8MZ_.I)GJf0KvL9RQI�R\�vP%IJCon f:K¯Kzn X6LQLQI�K8_>s8X0M\CFI�MZG �HGJI�MZs3IHRQdgf0R9G)XaK8hHI�M\IHK

�%R9P%VwL#_�n P8K%I ¢%f0R9CFf0W0I MQP%VF� X0KvLzCTIDs8RQf.hiI?MQMQP8M��vPzn IHCFCTIDMQ¡+K8hN¢%R9f0K%VrMQI0Ail�&!KU_.IDGJVTI�P! \X0s%s%R9Ei|¢%IHK!_.IHR'CTI?M�s!XaRQLQVrhiP%CrXaR9VwL9E�M _�n P8K%I\X0s%s%CFVFh�X6L9VTf:K®_.ImRNX0_%VTf0| hHf0GJG~P%K8VFh�X6LQVFf0K 6K%f0P8M'XaCFCFf0K8Mp,s%RQE?MjI�KvLS_%E�hiR9VFRQI\CTI[s!XaRNhif0P8RjLS_.P`MjVFW0K!XaCz_%X0K8M�P%K`hiVFR9hHP%VTLS¤ s3f0P%R{�[�.�<A

�!�� * ,-�.� � (+* ,�� � � � $'* , & $'& � � ( ( �����'� 0 ��'����,^zIehN¢8f0V 5_.I~C�n XaRNhN¢%VTLQI�hiLQP%R9I~_.E�s!I�K8_�_.IeC�n Xas8s%CTVrhHXaLQVFf0K`IHL\_.I?M{hif:KvLQRNXaVFK:L9I�MO�vP%I,MQX

K%f0R9GJI­VFGJs!fvMjI:A �mn I?M¥L)P%K8IqVFK8MjLQVTLQP.L9VTf:K I�P%R9f0s3EHIHK8K%I��g���O�21 � �DP%R9f0s3I�X0K ��E�CTE?hif0G,|G~P%K8VFh�X6LQVFf0K<�vLNXaK8_8XaRN_%M 1}K8MjLQVTLQP.L �U�vP%V EHCrXa�3f0R9I,CFI�M~s%R9VTK8hHVTs!XaCFI�MZK%f:RQGJI�M~_.I©hif:GJG~P.|K%VrhHX6L9VTf:KzA ^zIqs8XaRNXaW:R9X0s%¢%I®h �r|}_.I�M9Mjf:P8M,_.E�hHRQVTLeCFI�M,K%f:RQGJI�MeCFI�Mes%CTP!MeP!MjP%I�CTCFI�MJ_%X0K8MeCTI_.f0G)X0VTK%I[_.I[CrXeLQE�CTE�s%¢%f0K8VTI[M9XaK8M�&8CoA��������� � X'& X � JVIKIKA�:Q���"� #2846;<� ����+^zIm�[�.� XUEiLQES�:f0P%CFP®hif:GJG,ISCrXZs%R9IHGJVF£HR9ISK%f0R9GJISIHP%R9f0s3EHI�K%K%I{_.ISCrXZL9EHCFE�hif:GJG~P.|

K%VrhHX6L9VTf:KeM9XaK8M &8CoA6�DCFCTISs3IHR9GJIiL CrXOL9R9X0K8MjGJVrMQMQVFf0K.| RQE?hiI�s.LQVFf0K~_%I'CrXm�0f0V UIiLD_.I?M _.f0K8K%EHI?MHA�DCFCTI[P.L9VTCFVrMjI[CFI�MOMQ¡.M¥L9£HGJI�MSlm��¤ �¦IHLOIHK5GJf._.I[_.I[s8XaRQL9X0W0IZ_.IZdgR9E��vP%IHK!hiI�M'L9R9X0K8MQG,IHLj|L9X0K:L�_8XaK8M�CTI?M �8XaK!_.I�MD�:]0ca| ]t�?ªm����,OIHL�]0kvª |}]0�0c\����,{X �0I?h P8K%IOGJf._.P%CrX6LQVFf0K®�Z��� ���ZX0P8MQMQVrXaK ��VTK%VFG~P8G¨�+¢%VTd L ZIH¡+VFK%W �iAD� ¢!X0�vP%I5hHXaK!XaCS_.I �ac:c �.��,5s3IHP.L®X0h�hiP%I�VTCFCFVTR0¥P8M9�:Pyn p5�qP.LQVFCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RNMHAy� ¢8X:�vP%I)hiIHCFCFP%CTI)hHf0P%�:IHRQLQI,s8XaRZP%K%I®MjL9XaLQVFf0K>_.IJ�8X0MQI)XqX0VTK!MjV

Page 28: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� � � � ���.�/�8����� �.� �/��� � � � � � � � � �8� ��� ����� ���������'� �v¬P%K8I©hHX0s8X0hHVwL9E©_.I\�?c0c:c5P.LQVFCTVrM9X6LQI�P%RNMHA#^yX�h�Xas8X:hiVTLQE®R9EHI�CTCFI®I�MjL~GJf0VFK8_.R9I©s8P%VFM9�vP%I®Con f:KKzn X "�I�hiLQI,s8X0MmCrX®L9faL9X0CTVTLQEJ_.I?M{dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?M{s!XaRZhiIHCFCFP%CTI:Ay� ¢8X0hHP%K¯_�n IHP �s!I�P.L[EHGJIiLQLQR9Ip,P%K`_.E��%VwL{_%I���� � ��� � � � � Al{M9MQf+hHVTE�IUpJCFXJK8f0R9G,IU�[�.� 8CrXJK%f0R9GJIU�Z��� ���{VFW0VTL9X0C#� f0GJG~P8K%VFh�X6L9VTf:K`�.¡+MjLQI�G �I?M¥L X0P8M9MjV!s%RQE?MjI�KvLQISIHK©�DP%R9f0s3I0Av�.I�MD�!XaK8_.I?M�_�n EHGJVrMQMQVFf0K)IiL�_.IOR9E�hHIHs.L9VTf:K®Mjf:K:L RQI?Mjs3I�hi|L9VT�:IHGJIHKvLn� ¬{��c%A � | � ¬a�au!A �[����,ZIiLF���:c:ª%A �6| �?�v¬6]8A �[����,0A^yXeK%f:RQGJI[�\��¤{� ���\IHK8IHRNXaC�� X0h �0IHL'¤OX:_.VFfJ�+I�RQ�+VrhiI �DI?M¥LSP%K%I\EH�:f0CFP.LQVFf0Kq_.P`�[�.�

IHL~s!I�RQGJIHL,_.I?M~_.E��%VwLNM~s8CTP8M~VTGJs3f0RQL9X0K:LNM � � ��� � � � � �[I�K�LQRNXaK8MQGJIiLjLNXaKvL~CFI�Me_.f0K%K8EHI�Ms8X0R�s8X0�vP%IHL9M�A%�DCFCTI[s3IHP.LOP%LQVFCTVrMjI�RSs%CFP8MjVFIHP8R9MSMQCTf0L9MS_�n P%K%I[G ��G,IZL9R9X0GJI0A� I�MmL9RQf:VFMmK%f0R9GJI�M\P.L9VTCFVFMQIHKvLZCFX­GJf._.P%CrX6LQVFf0K��Z���� ���ZXaP!MQMQVFX0K��`VFK%VFG~P%G �.¢%Vwd L

ZI�¡vVFK%W � A 1}C8M�n XaW0VTL�_�n P%K%ImG,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0KJK+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%IOp[I�K+�0IHCFf0s8s!IShif:K8MjL9XaKvL9ISIiL pZs%¢!X0MQIhHf0KvLQVFK+P%I ��_.IHP ~EiLNX6L9M _%I's8¢8X0MQI��iA0�+IHP%C.CFIOhN¢8X0K%W0I�G,I�KvL _�n EiLNX6LD_.I�s%¢8X:MjI'I�MjLDhif._.E:Aa^zI�M�%VTL9M\MQf0KvLOLQRNXaVTLQE?M{s!XaR{P8K�&8CTLQR9I~W:X0P8M9MjVFIHK�X &8K�_.I~GJVFK%VFG,VrMQIHR\C�n f.hHhiP8s8X6L9VTf:K�Mjs3I�hiLQRNXaCFI_.P5MQVTW:K8XaC � � ��� A�\XaK8M­CFX K%f0R9GJI����Z�\� �*�DK%¢8X0K8hiI?_¦�\X6L9X<dgf0R5�[�.� �D�:f0CFP.LQVFf0K �©MjI�P%CZhN¢8XaK%W:I

CFIqL¥¡vs3I`_.I`GJf._.P%CrX6LQVFf0KyA �DCTCFI5LQRNXaK!MjGJIiL)E�W:XaCFIHGJI�K:LJCFI�M)_.f:K%K%EHI?MJs8XaRJs8X:�vP%IiLNMHAD^yI�0� �� I?M¥L[P%K8I)G,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K�_.I)s%¢8X:MjI)X �0I?h~P8K%I)�6XaR9VFXaLQVFf0K¯_%I)C�n IHK+�0I�CTf:s%s3I,CFf0RNMZ_.I�MhN¢8X0K%W0I�GJIHKvL9MS_�n EiLNX6LNMHA3^Dn VTK.dgf:RQG)XaLQVFf0K5I�MjLmp)s%R9E�MQIHKvL{hHf+_%EHI~MQP%R{�)EHL9XaL9MO_.I~s%¢8X0MQIUIHLs3IHR9GJIiLOXaVFK8MQVzP%K5_.EH�%VTL{s%CFP8M�VFGJs!f:RjLNXaKvL��*k0�0u��+�%VTL -aM'pJCon EHGJVFM9MQVTf:K � A� ��/0�*4 /:=(�*1^zI?M hiVFR9hHP%VwLNM#s!f:P%R��[�.��Mjf:K:L hif:K8MQVF_.E�RQE?M(hHf0GJGJI EHL9X0K:L s8X0RQGJV.hiI�P! ~CFI�M#s%CFP8M _.V �,|

hHVTCFI�MDp[hHf0K8hHIH�:f0VFR�Aal Con VTK8MjL9X0R�_.I?MDK%f:RQGJI�M E?�vP%VT�6X0CTI�K:L9I�M�aP%K®_.I?MDs%R9VFK8hiVFs8XaP ef0� 0¥I�h L9Vwd*MI?M¥Lm_%Iehif:K8MQf0GJGJIHR{s3IHP¯_.IehHf0P%RNXaKvL{X &!K��vP%I~CFI�MOLQIHR9GJVTK!XaP! �MQf0VFIHKvLOLQRNXaK!Mjs3f0RQL9X0�%CTI?MIHLUCTI?MUs%CFP8M~X0P.LQf:K%f0GJI?MZs!fvMQMQVT�8CTI?MHA#� I�s!I�K8_%X0K:L�ys%CFP8Me�:P8I)s!f:P%R~CFI�MUX0P.LQR9I�MUK%f0R9GJI�M�CFI�Mes!I�Rjdgf:RQG)X0K8hiI?M~I�K �%R9P%VTLJ_.I?MehHVTRNhiP8VwLNM,MQf0KvLJhiR9P8hiVrXaCFI�MehHXaR,CFIqMQ¡.M¥L9£HGJIq_%f0VTLed*X0VTR9IhHf0¢8X0�%VwL9IHR P%KJW:R9X0K8_.I�K%f0Ge�%R9I�_%ISs!I�R9MQf0K%K8I�M s3f0P%RD_%I�MDh�XaK8X0P! ,_�n EHGJVrMQMQVFf0K.| RQE?hiI�s.LQVFf0KEHLQR9f0VTL9M�Az� f0P%R,X0M9Mjf.hiVFIHR~CFX`GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K<p`CrX`s!f:RjL9IHP8MQI�(s%CFP8MjVFIHP8R9MeMjf:CTP.L9VTf:K8MUf:KvL~EiL9ER9IHs%R9VrMjI?M'_8XaK8M�CFI[hHX0MS_%I�MOMQ¡.M¥L9£HGJI�MO�[�.�<A1}C#I�MjL\s3f:M9MjVF�%CFI~_.Ied*XaVFRQI~s8X0M9MjI�R{CrX®GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K��+VFX©CTI,MjVFW0G)X6|}_.I�CwLNX®_.I~CrX®�3f0P!hiCFIp©�0IHR9R9f0P%VFCTCrXaW:IU_.I~s8¢8X0MQI0Az� IHs3IHK8_8XaKvL��CFIe�%R9P%VTLZ_%Ie�vP8XaKvL9V#&!h�X6L9VTf:K�EHCFIH�:E~VFG,s3f:MQI,P%Kf:R9_.R9I�_.I¯�!f:P8hiCFI>EHCFIH�0E¯IiLqP%K¦EHL9XaW:I¯_.I¯s%R9Ei|}_.VFMjLQf:R9MQVFf0K _.P¦MQVFW0K8X0CmI�K�XaGJf:K:L?A ^(XMQf0CFP.LQVFf0K©CFX~s%CTP!M'hHf0P%RNXaGJGJIHKvL'P.LQVFCTVrMQEHI{I?M¥LS_�n P.LQVFCFVFMQIHR�CrXU�3f0P8hHCTIZ_.I\G,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K©_.f:KvLCFI{MQ¡vK8f0s.L9VF�vP%ImI�MjL R9IHs%R9E�MQIHKvLQESs!XaR�CrX &8W:P%R9IF�0A �?ª[�vP%ImC�n f0K)R9IiL9RQf:P%�0IO_8XaK8M CTI?M�hHVTRNhiP%VTL9M�ml{l{kvªakvªUIHL{�{l{lm�j�6¬6�,_.I[�D¢%VFCTVFs8M�A^zI\MjVFW0K!XaC3�8XaK8_%Im_.I\�8X0MQI � 1 � � pUCrX[dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI �

�I�MjL'_zn X0�!f:R9_)GJE�CFX0K%W0E�I �g�+VrX

CFI�MmGJEHCrXaK%W:IHP%RNM�� � IiL � � �{p®P%K>MjVFW0K8X0C(_.I~dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI~VFKvLQIHR9GJE�_.VrXaVFR9I � �� A�^zI &8CTLQR9I��� K%I{R9IiL9VTI�K:L��vP%IOCon E�K%IHR9W0VFI{p[CrX[dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI � � � " �

�A:�DP%VrM CFI{MQVTW:K8XaC!I�MjL�L9R9X0K8MjCrX6L9E

p\CrX{dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI � � XaPJGJf6¡0I�Ke_�n P%K%I 3j�!f:P8hiCFIS_.I�GJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0K24 Aa^zI�GJEHCrXaK8W0IHP8R � � I�MjLP.L9VTCFVrMjE®hHf0GJGJI�3j_%VT�+VrMjI�P%R 4)_.I)dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI:Ay^Dn f:M9hiVFCTCrX6L9IHP%R[CFf.hHX0C�X0M9Mjf.hHVTEJI�MjL~P%K<MQVFW0K8X0C_.I\dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI �� � � ���� � �

�A 1}C�LQRNXaK8MQCrX6LQI\CFIUMjVFW0K8X0C�_.I[Mjf:RjL9VTIZ_.P m�S� _.I[CrXUdgR9Ei|

�vP%I�K8hiI �� � p­CFX©dgR9E��vP%IHK!hiIJ_.I,hHf0GJs8X0R9X0VFMQf0K�_.P�hif:GJs8XaRNX6L9IHP%R\_.Ies8¢8X0MQIi|odgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI_.I­CFX��!f:P8hiCFI­_.I­GJf+_%P%CFXaLQVFf0K ���� " �

���^zI©GJE�CFX0K%W0I�P%RehHf0KvLQRNXaVFRQI�GJIHKvL~XaP<_.VF�+Vw|

MQIHP%ROhHCFX:MQMQVr�:P8IZ_%I[dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHIZKzn X0CwL9£HR9I[s8X0MOCFXJGJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K5_%P5MQVFW0K8X0C �iA8^yXJ�3f0P8hHCTIU_%IGJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K�I�MjLZCFX0RQW:I~�8X0K8_.I,s%P%VrMQ�vPzn IHCFCTIJ_.f:VwL[CrXaVrMQMQIHR\s8X0M9MQIHR{Con VTK.dgf:RQG)XaLQVFf0K�3jCrXaR9W0I 4

Page 29: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�a����������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

fmodfrffmodffi +

ffi fmodrff − −M2

M1

I

Q

OL FI (0°)

OL FI (90°)

Filtre IF Filtre de boucleVCOCP

OL RF

M3

������� �0A �?ª �®^yX~�!f:P8hiCFIZ_.ImGJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K �*�DRQVFK8hHVTs3I[_.P­hHVTRNhiP%VTLS�{l{lmk:ªv¬6�U_.I\�D¢%VFCFVTs8M �

�8XaK!_.I\_%P­MQVTW:K8XaCoA:�4"3I?h LQVF�0I�GJIHKvL'CFI�&8CwL9RQIZ_.I\�!f:P8hiCFImMQIZhif0GJs3f0RQLQI\hif0GJGJI{P8K­s8X:MQMQIi|�8X0MZ�+VrM¥|}p6| �+VFM\_.I)CrXqG,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K�_.IJs%¢8X0MQI)MjP8R[CTI)MQVTW:K8XaC VFK8hiVr_.I�K:LUX0P>hHf0GJs8XaRNX6L9IHP%R_.I~s8¢8X0MQIi|odgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI0A8�mI~s8CTP8M�3CFX)CrXaR9W0I�P%R{_.I~CFX)�!XaK8_.I,_.EiL9IHR9GJVTK%I~C�n IHR9RQI�P%Rm_%I~MjP8VT�+V_.IOCrX[�3f0P8hHCTI{MQP%R CTI{MQVFW0K8X0C�Av^yXZ�3f0P8hHCTI\MjP%VTL X �:I�h�P%K©hHIHRQL9X0VTK�3jRQIHL9XaRN_ 4�CFX[GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:KzA�DCFP8MOhiI�CTCFIi|}hiV�I?M¥LORNXas8VF_.I�+s%CTP!MSCFX,�3f0P8hHCTI[s3IHVFK%IUp,CrX,MQP%VF�+RQI�� � � � A�DP%VrMQ�vP%IUCFI &8CTLQR9IU_.IU�3f0P!hiCFIUMjI~hHf0GJs3f0RQLQI[hif:G,GJIUP8K`s8X0M9MjIH|o�!X0M'�+VFMj| pa|o�+VrMS_.P�MQVw|

W0K8X0C�G,f._.P8CTE�.VTC &8CTLQR9I[XaP8M9MQV�MQf0K­�%R9P%VwL?A!�mn I?M¥LSs3f0P%RN�vP%f0V�CFIZ�%RQP8VwL�LQf:CTE�RQEZMQP%R�CTI[MQVTW:K8XaCGJf+_%P%CTEeIiLm_%f0K8heMjP%RmC�n f:M9hiVFCFCFXaLQIHP8ROCTf.h�XaC 1SI?M¥L{s8CTP8MmVFG,s3f0RQL9X0KvL�� � '� � �� +�� ����� � p' � ���{_.I�CrXOs3f0RQLQI�P8MjI�� � � � �iA6� I�s!I�K8_%X0K:L hiIHLjLQI�XaRNhN¢%VTLQI?h LQP8RQI K%I s!I�RQGJIHL(s8X:MyCrX�LQRNXaK!M¥|CFXaLQVFf0K©_%I\MQVTW:K8XaP ,GJf._.P%CFE�M�pUI�K+�0IHCFf0s8s!I\hif0K!M¥LNXaKvLQI �o�[�.� � s%P%VrM9�:P8I{CrXUGJf._.P%CrX6LQVFf0Ks8X0M9MQI©s8X0ReCFI m�S��IiLJK%I­s3IHP%L)_%f0K8h©s8X0MJM�n X0s%s%CFVF�vP%I�R,p�CFX¯K%f0R9GJI©���Z�\�OAD�4"3I?h |LQVF�0I�G,I�KvL��CTIJhif:GJs8XaRNX6L9IHP%R{_%Ies%¢!X0MQIi|odgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI~K%Ied*XaVTL\s!X0M9MjI�Rm�vP%I,CFX­hif0GJs3f:M9XaKvLQIXaK%W:P%CrXaVFRQIZ_.IZC�n VFK.dgf0R9G)X6LQVFf0KyA^yX &8W:P%RQI.�:A �?�Js%R9E�MQIHKvLQIZP%K%IeXaRNhN¢%VwL9I�hiLQP%R9I[hif0GJGeP%K%I�M{XaP! qK%f0R9GJI�M{�[�.�`| �[���v|

�'���v|¥�\��¤{�~IiL#���\�\� X:_.f0s.L9EHI s!f:P%R(CFI hHVTRNhiP8VwL _.I���¢%VTCFVFs8M G~P%CTLQVT| K%f0R9GJI�My�ml{lmk:ªak+¬+A^Dn XaRNhN¢%VwL9I�hiLQP%R9IUs3f0P%RmCFX©RQE?hiIHs%LQVFf0K`I�MjLm_.I~L¥¡+s!I���� 1 � �{I�X0R��3I�RQf 1}KvL9IHR9G,I?_.VrX6LQI

R9I��vP%I�K8hi¡ � A�^Dn f:M9hiVFCTCrX6L9IHP%RzCFf.hHX0CaI�MjL(hif:GJG~P%KZs3f0P%R(C�n EHGJVrMQMQVTf:KZIiLyCrXSR9E�hiI�s.LQVFf0K HhiID�vP%Is!I�RQGJIHLOCTI[s%R9VFK8hiVFs!Ie_.I[s8XaRQL9X0W0IZ_.IZLQI�GJs8MHA3�OK`MQIHP%CzfvMQhHVTCFCrX6LQI�P%ROp)�vP8XaRQL�,ZI?M¥LOP.L9VTCFVrMjEs!f:P%R#dgf0P%R9K%VFR(CrXmRQEHdgEHR9IHK8hHI XaP,Mj¡+KvLQ¢8EiLQVrMQIHP%R _.I dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI'¤ IiL dgf0P%R9K%VFR(Con ¢%f0R9CTf:W0I�_%I�Mhif:Kv�:IHRQLQVrMQMQIHP8R9MO�'l � IiLZ� �mlUA3^yX)�3f0P8hHCTIUp®�0IHR9R9f0P%VFCTCrXaW:I\_%IUs%¢8X:MjI[P.L9VTCFVrMjE�Iehif:GJG,If:M9hiVFCTCrX6L9IHP%R#CFf+h�XaC+IHK,EHGJVrMQMQVFf0KehHf0GJGJI I�KeR9E�hHIHs.L9VTf:Ke_.f:VwL W0E�K%EHR9IHR _.I?M#dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�M(LQR9£�Ms%R9E�hiVrMQI�M IHL�LQR9£�M�M¥LNXa�%CFI�M�A:�mI{G �HGJI�0CFI�M ¢%f0R9CTf:W0I?M _.I�M hif0K+�:IHRNMjVFf0K8M _.I?M MQVFW0K8X0P! eI�K:L9RQICTI?M{hHVTRNhiP%VTL9MmXaK8X0CTf:W0Vr�vP%I�MSIHLmK+P%GJEHR9Vr�:P8I�MO_.f:VT�:IHKvLmX �:f0VFROCTI?MOG �HGJI?M{�vP8XaCFVTLQE�M\hif:GJG,IK%f0P!MSX �0f0K!M s8PqCFIZ�0f:VTR�s%R9E�hHE�_.I�G,GJI�K:L?A

�������%$ � 8;�Q��"� #2846;<��� +�� ���q #�9�!�v46�?"%$8+ 2�� �*$����U�+$*�+/023;<;>=( #�*/:".1���2! ���z��1��+;���DCTCFI{P%LQVFCTVrMjI{C�n l{��¤O� � � ��k � �iA:^yX\L9R9X0K8MQG,VrM9MjVFf0K �gE�GJVFM9MjVFf0KJIHL�RQE?hiI�s.LQVFf0K �#I?M¥L'hif0KvL9Vw|

K+P%I'MQP%VF�6XaKvL(CFI GJf._.I�pOs8X0RjLNXaW:I�_.I dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�M#MjP%R#P%K%I'�8X0K8_.I _%I �� ��� � ���{h�XaK8X0P! MjP8R'CrX,�8XaK!_.I ' ������ ��� � ���� � ��� �iA:^yIZ_%EH�%VTL{_.I)3j_%f0K%K%E�I�M 4��o� ¢%VFs5R9XaLQI �DI?M¥LO_.I

Page 30: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� � � � ���.�/�8����� �.� �/��� � � � � � � � � �8� ��� ����� ���������'� �0]

de

Bande

Base

Q

I

Analogique Numérique

TX

RX

deFiltre

Bande

90°

DIV

90°

CAN

Mélangeur

DIVLNA

PLL Fract-N

DIV

CAN

Polyphase

������� �:A �?� �­�[�.�5|}�[���v|o�����v|}�\� ¤{�v| ���\�\� �%�{lml{k:ª0kv¬e_.IZ�D¢%VFCFVTs8M

��� � � � ���!AH^yXmGJf._.P%CrX6LQVFf0KeI�MjL _%I�L¥¡+s3I'� �m� �� ���O¡+�%R9VF_.I �mP8X:_.RNX6LQP8RQID��¢8X0MQI��.¢%Vwd LZI�¡vVFK%W �mp5Con EHGJVFM9MQVTf:K>IHLJ� �m� �� �o��"�MQIiL �mP8X:_.RNX6LQP8RQIJ�D¢8X:MjI©�.¢%Vwd L ZIH¡+VTK8W �Zp5CrXL9R9X0K8MjGJVrMQMQVFf0KzA� ��/0�*4 /:=(�*1

f0VrhiVSCFI�MJhN¢8X��rK8I�MJ_.IqLQRNXaK8MQGJVFM9MQVTf:K<IiL®_.I5R9E�hiI�s.LQVFf0K �{���O� - � �'�m��l � � VF_.I�8X0K8_ � f._.Iq�{VF�+VFMQVTf:K �`P8CwL9VTs%CFI5lShHhiI?MQM �U_%I­�D¢8VTCFVTs!M �9&8W8A��:A �6¬ � A�1}CShif0GJs3f0RQLQI©LQR9f0VrMs8X0RjL9VTI?M �'CFX<hN¢!X � K%I�_.I¯RQE?hiIHs%LQVFf0K _�n XaRNhN¢%VTLQI�hiLQP%R9I � 1 �*¤)� Shif:Kv�:IHRNMjVFf0K�_.VFRQI?h L9I�� CrXJLQRNXaK!MjGJVrMQMQVTf:K��*��� 3s8MQIHP8_%f©�OEHLQEHR9f._.¡+K%Ieh�XaROCrXJdgR9E��vP%I�K8hiIUVFKvLQI�RQGJE�_%VFX0VTR9IUI�MjL{�6X6|R9VFX0�%CFI�� IiLSCon X0G,s8CTV &!hHXaLQI�P%RO_.I[s%P%VrM9MQX0K8hiI:A

RF PLL

RF PLL

deBase

TX

RXFiltre

deBande

Bande

Duplexeur

Isolateur

2 Ghz

ou

26 Mhz

Mélangeur Filtre de canal

ou

Horloge

CAN

CNA

PA

LNA

AGCMélangeur

AGC

Mélangeur

1.92 Ghz

120 Mhz

61.44 Mhz

61.44 Mhz

13 Mhz

13 Mhz

������� �0A � ¬ �©�{���O� �8�ml{l{kvªa�:c .�{lml{k:ª0�j�ZIiL{�ml{lmk:ªa] �~_%I[�D¢%VFCTVFs8M� I¯hHVTRNhiP8VwLqI�MjLqE�W:XaCFIHGJI�K:L­G~P%CTLQVT|oGJf._.I¯s%P%VrMQ�vPzn VTC\L9R9X0VwL9I�CFI�MqMjVFW0K8X0P! �[�.��IHL

�m���O��Ay^(X©dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI)_�n E�hN¢!XaKvLQVFCTCFf0K!XaW0IJ_.I?M[MjVFW0K8X0P! ¯�m���O�¯K%I)MjI®_.E?_.P%VTLUs8X0M[_%IhHIHCFCTI,_�n P8K>MQVTW:K8XaC �[�.� A��mIHP! �s3f:M9MQVT�%VFCFVwL9E�MZXas%s!XaRNXaVrMQMQIHKvL�A 1}C I�MjLms3f:M9MjVF�%CFI,_�n P.L9VTCFVFMQIHR

Page 31: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

k0c���������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

P%K _.I�P! .VT£�G,I�f:M9hiVFCTCrX6L9IHP%R©p �vP8X0RjL ,��hHIHs3IHK8_8XaKvL©s3f0P%R­E�hif:K%f0GJVrMjI�R)P%K hif:GJs!fvMQX0K:LI/ +LQI�RQK8I�.VFCyX,EiLQEU_%E�hiVr_.EU_.I[W:EHK%E�RQI�R�CFXedgR9E��vP%IHK!hiIZ�0f:P%CTP8I �� � �� �� ���ep,s8X0RjL9VTRO_zn P%KMj¡+KvLQ¢8EiLQVrMQIHP%R\VTKvL9IHR9K%I,p©s8XaRQLQVFRZ_.IJC�n f:M9hiVFCTCrX6L9IHP%R\p­�vP8X0RjL ,ep, � � ���)P.L9VTCFVFMQEJs!f:P%R\CTI�[�.� A�+V CFXqK%f:RQGJIJ�{���O��I�MjL[GJf0VFK8M[hif:K:L9R9X0VTW:K8XaKvL9I~�vP%I)hiIHCFCFI,_.P<�[�.��MQP%RZCTI?MZs!I�Rj|

dgf0R9G)XaK8hHI�M'IHK5�%R9P%VTL{_.P`hiVFR9hHP%VwL�.IHCFCTI[K8E�hiI?MQMQVTLQI\LQf:P 0¥f0P%RNM�CFI�M�G �HGJI�M'L9I�hN¢%K8VF�vP%I?MHA

�������/� ����� ;��"� #2846;<� � � � � � � �*�3�g1�"8$ � =y462!-��+"% � 2846&#$*�+��� �'�+$*�v-#�#23 (� �� IiLjL9IeK8f0R9G,IeMjI~h�XaRNX0hiLQEHR9VrMjI[s8X0RmM9X)W0RNXaK!_.I �8I +VF�%VFCTVTLQE�!IHL\p)Con f0s%s3f:MQEe_.P>�[�.��

Mjf:K�d*XaVF�%CFI¯hif��.L��M9X d*XaVF�%CFI¯hHf0K8MQf0GJG)X6L9VTf:K IHLqs3IHP�_.I¯hHf0KvLQRNXaVFKvLQI�M­hif:K8hiI�RQK8X0KvL®CTIMjs3I�hiLQR9I{p[Con E�GJVFM9MjVFf0KyA+� ¢8X:�:P8ISP.LQVFCTVrM9X6LQI�P%R hHf0K8MjLQVTLQP8I{P%K)R9E�MQI�X0P,CFf.hHX0C!X �0I?hSMQXUs%RQf:s%R9IM¥LNX6L9VTf:K¯_.IJ�8X:MjI,IiL[Con f:K¯s3IHP.LZd*X0VTR9IeCon E�hif:K%f0GJVFI,_%I,Con VTK.dgRNX0MjLQR9P8hiLQP%R9I,hHf��.L9IHP8MQI��hHCFX:M¥|MjVr�vP%I~_.P�RQE?MjI?XaP�&8CrXaVFRQI:A8�DCFCFI~s3IHR9G,IHLmCrX)GJf0�%VFCFVwL9Ee_%X0K8MOCrX ,Hf:K%Ie_%I~hif:P%�0I�RjL9IUs8XaRmCFXM¥LNX6L9VTf:K<CTf.h�XaCFI0A ^yX�hHf0GJG~P8K%VFh�X6L9VTf:K<P.LQVFCFVFMQI­Con l{��¤ � � � ��u � �UIHL,CFI­GJf._.I5p�s8X0RjLNXaW:I_.IZLQI�GJs8MHA3^yXJ�8X0K8_.I~X0CTCFf0P8EHIZI�MjL '����� � ��� � '������ � ���!A �)P%LQVFCTVrMQXaLQI�P%R9M�P%LQVFCTVrMjI~CTIG �HGJI{hHX0K8XaC!_.I ' � � � � ���\IHK,LQI�GJs8MDs8X0RjLNXaW:E0A '� �\P.LQVFCFVFM9X6L9IHP%RNM s3IHP%�:IHKvLDLQE�CTE�s%¢%f:K%IHRMjVFG~P8CwLNXaK%E�G,I�KvL�A ^yX`GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K<I�MjL,_.P L¥¡+s!I5� � ���ZXaP!MQMQVFX0K R9I��vP%I�K8hi¡ �+¢%VTd LZIH¡+VFK%W � � � �� A8� ¢8X:�vP%I\LQRNXaGJI �K��c0GJM �'hif:K:L9VTI�KvL �au,MQCTf0L9MS_.IZuv�0ce�%VwLNMShN¢8X0hHP%K� �es3f0P%RSCon E�GJVFM9MjVFf0KqIiLF� �Us3f0P8ROCFX,R9E�hHIHs.L9VTf:K­s3f0P%RSP8K5_%EH�%VTL{_.I ' � '� � � � � � � A

����/:�g46/0=#�g1�\R��:hiI®p�_.I?M~MQs!E?hiV &!hHXaLQVFf0K8MUIHK�LQI�RQGJI©_%I®�%R9P%VwL~dgRQE?�:P8IHKvLQVFIHC s%CTP!MUW0E�K%EHR9IHP!MjI�zCFX

hif:K8hiI�s.LQVFf0KJ_.I�MD��^y^(M I�MjLDs%CTP!MDMjVFGJs%CFI0A0�\XaK8M hHIOhiVFR9hHP%VTL �9&8W8At�0A �����#�vP%I�K%f:P8MDXaP8RQVFf0K8Ms%P5RQIHLQR9f0P%�:IHR�_%XaK!M�P%K%IUXas8s%CTVrhHXaLQVFf0Kq� CFP%IHLQf+faL9¢%CrXeGJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K­I�K©L9R9X0K8MQG,VrM9MjVFf0K5MjId*XaVTL�_%VTR9I�hiLQIHGJI�K:LSMQP%R CFI�m�S� s!I�K8_%X0K:LS�vP%I{CrXe�!f:P8hiCFIm� ^y^¯I�MjL'f:P%�0I�RjL9I0Av�#f:P%R�hif0G,|s!I�K8MQIHRSCFI�M�s3IHRQLQI�M{_%XaK8M�CFI'&8CTLQR9IUhN¢8XaR9W0I?XaKvL Con I�KvLQR9EHI[_.P m�S� �*IHKvLQRNX � K8XaKvLSMQXJ_.E�RQVF�0IIHKedgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI�� aVTC.I?M¥L K%E?hiI?MQM9XaVFRQI�_.I�R9IidgIHR9GJIHR s3EHR9VTf._.Vr�vP%IHGJI�K:L CrX\�!f:P8hiCFI�s!I�K8_%XaKvL CFI�MMjCFfaLNMOK%f:K�P.L9VTCFVFMQE�Mms8X0R{Con P.L9VTCFVrMQXaLQIHP8R{s3f0P%R\RQI?hiI�K:L9RQI�ROCFI m�S� p)CrX®�3f0K%K%I~dgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHI0A� IHCrX©I?M¥L[R9E�X0CTVrMjE,pqC�n XaVr_.IJ_�n P8K�_%VT�+VrMjI�P%RZIiLU_�n P%K>hHf0GJs8X0R9XaLQIHP8R\_.IJs%¢!X0MQIi|odgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI� 3Q�{I�GJV�Mj¡+KvLQ¢8E 4 � A�^yXq�3f0P8hHCTIJI�MjLUXaP8M9MQV dgIHR9G,E�IJCTf:R9M9�vP%IeCFI,LQE�CTE�s%¢%f0K8I,I?M¥L[I�K¯R9E�hHIHs.|LQVFf0KzA#�DK RQE?hiIHs%LQVFf0K<CFI­MQVTW:K8XaC'�8X0K8_.I­_%I©�8X:MjI­I�MjLef0�%LQIHK+P X0s%R9£�MUCrX`L9R9X0K8MQCFXaLQVFf0K IHKdgRQE?�vP%IHK8hHIeIHLUCFXq_.E�G,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K�_.I�M[MQVTW:K8XaP 1{IiL �eAz^(X­GJf._.P%CrX6L9VTf:K>_%IedgR9E��vP%I�K8hiILQRNX0_.P8VwL9I{IHK©LQI�K8MjVFf0K©I�MjL'hif:K+�0IHRQLQVFIOI�K)LQRNXaVFK©_.I\�%VTL9M'pUCon X0VF_.I\_�n P%K­hHf0GJs8XaRNX6L9IHP%R?A:^yI�M�%VTL9MOMQf0KvLOhiI�K:L9RQE?M�p ,�EHR9f)Xas%R9£�M��vP%I[CrXes!XaRQLQVFIZhHf0KvLQVFK+P%I[_.P`MjVFW0K!XaC�CTP8VyXaVTLSEiLQE[R9IiL9VTR9EHIs8XaRmP%K.3jI/ +LQRNX0hiLQI�P%R 4[_.IUL9IHK8MQVFf0K�hif:KvLQVFKvP8I0A!^yIeMQVTW:K8XaC(K+P%GJEHR9VF�vP%IUI?M¥LmE�hN¢8X0K:L9VTCFCFf0K%K%Es!f:P%R �iL9RQI\L9R9X0VwL9E[s8XaR�CFI[�%CTf.h\CFf0W0Vr�vP%I0A^yX��:f0CFf0KvLQE­_.I©d*X0VTR9I©P8K<s%R9f+_%P%VwL)XaP<d*XaVF�%CTIqhif��.LeVFGJs%CTVr�vP%IqCFX¯_.E/&8K8VwL9VTf:K _�n P%K%I

K%f0R9GJI`XaP! MQs3E�hiV &!h�X6LQVFf0K!MJCFX0RQW:I�M�A�1}C{IHK�RQE?MjP8CwL9Iqs3IHP _.I�hHf0KvLQRNXaVFKvLQI?M,MQP%R)CFI m�S��*hHf0GJGJI)IHK�LQE�GJf0VFW0K%I)CrX5�!f:P8hiCFI®p5�0I�RQR9f0P8VTCFCFX0W0IJ_.I)s%¢8X:MjI)f:P%�0I�RjL9IJIHK�dgf0K!h LQVFf0K8K%Ii|GJIHKvL �OIiLmMQP%R{CFI�M{¢%f0R9CFf0W0I?MS_.I~hHf0K+�0I�R9MQVTf:K`�'l � IHLZ� �{l hif0GJGJIUK%f:P8MOX �:f0K8MSs8P`CTI�0f:VTRS_%X0K8M�CFX,s8X0RjL9VTI �:A �%A u!A

Page 32: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�#� � � � ���.�/�8����� �.� �/��� � � � � � � � � �8� ��� ����� ���������'� kt�

l’écart dc

Q

I

Analogique Numérique

Duplexeur

90° Extracteur

Base

deBande

1/2

deFiltre

BandeMélangeurLNA

Filtre Polyphase

Limiteur

Pompe de charge

Démodulateur

SynthéDemi

Modulation

������� �:A �?���©�m�'�'� �8�{lml{k:ªau:�,_.I[�D¢%VFCFVTs8M

���/��� � � � � � ;�G G%;��� "¯ #2846;<�� IiLQLQI[K%f:RQGJI[XJEiL9EU_.E/&!K%VTI[s3f0P8RSCTI?MOhif:G,GeP%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K8M'IHKvL9RQIZL9IHR9G,VFK8X0P! ­MQP%RO_.I�M

_.VrMjL9XaK!hiI�M�CFVFG,VTLQE�I�M'L9IHCrMO�vP%IZC�n VTGJs%R9VFGJX0KvLQI�8C�n f0RN_.VFK8X6L9IHP%R�+CTIZL9IHR9G,VFK8X0C�G,f:�%VFCTI:ATAFA^yXZK8f0R9G,IO_%E/&8K%VTL�CrXZ�8XaK!_.I �6uvc � | �6uv�0cO����,{X �:I�hO¬6�[h�XaK8X0P! e_.IF�O����,OhN¢8X:hiP%KzA

^�n VFK.dgf0R9G)X6L9VTf:KqI?M¥L\GJf+_%P%CTE�IehHf0GJGJIUs!f:P%R\CTI~�m�'�'�xI�K¯� �� �*�����\c8A ª���X �0I�hUP%KVFK8_.VrhiI5_.IqG,f._.P8CFXaLQVFf0K G �\c8A k �.A(^yI�MJhif:GJG~P%K%VrhHXaLQVFf0K8M,MQI©dgf:K:LJIHK LQI�G,s!MJs8XaRQL9X0W0EX �:I�hmP%K`_.EH�%VTL{_.IU_.f:K%K%E�I�MS_.I.�?�`�%VTL9M -6M�A%lxhN¢8X0�vP%IZs8X:�:P8IiLSLQRNXaK!MjGJVrM�.CrXedgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHIhN¢8X0K%W0I �*X0P8M9MjVzX0s%s!I�CTE[CFI)3}dgR9I��vP%I�K8hi¡©¢%f0s%s8VTK%W 4 �iA� ��/0�*4 /:=(�*1�Of:P8M\s!f:P%�0f:K8MmK%f0P8M\R9IHs3f0RQLQI�R\X0P¯hiVFRNhiP%VTLZ�m�'�'� s%RQE?hiE?_.IHKvL�A�� "�I�hiLQVF�0I�G,I�KvLZCFI�M

K%f:RQGJI?M Mjf:K:L L9RQ£?M s%R9f.hN¢%I�M IHL�MjP%R�P%K)s%CrXaK)M¥L9RQVrh L9IHGJIHKvL dgf:K8h L9VTf:K%K%IHC�aCFI�M hiVFR9hHP%VwLNMDMQf0KvLVr_.IHKvL9VF�vP%I?MHAD�+P%RJCFI­s8CFX0K _.I?Mes3IHRQdgf0R9G)XaK8hHI�MeIHK �%RQP8VwL)_.P�hiVFR9hHP%VwL� CFX�LQf:CTE�R9X0K8hiI­I�MjLL9f0P 0¥f:P%R9M'CrXaR9W0I:A

� ����� $ �.,��'����DK�dgf:K8h L9VTf:K<_.I�M[K8f0R9G,I?M��IHLe_.I®Con Xas%s%CFVrhHX6L9VTf:K _.P Mj¡+KvLQ¢%EHLQVrMjI�P%R~_.I®dgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�M�

CFI�M,Mjs3E�hHV#&3hHX6L9VTf:K8MUI�K<�%R9P%VTLJhN¢8X0K%W0I�KvL�A(^yI®LNXa�%CFI�X0P �0A �®s%R9E�MQIHKvLQI­CTI?MeMQs3E�hiV &!h�X6LQVFf0K!MI�K©�%R9P%VTLS_%I�M'K%f0R9GJI�M'IiLO_.IZCFIHP%R���^(^�¤ X0M9MQf+hHVTE�I�M s!f:P%R�CFX,hN¢8X��rK%IZ_�n EHGJVrMQMQVTf:KzA8�mKs%R9E�MQIHKvL9IDEHWvXaCFIHGJIHKvLyP%K8I s3IHRQdgf0R9G)XaK8hHI�_.I�CrXO� ^y^®VFKvLQI�RQK%I'_�n P%K~XaK!XaCF¡+MQIHP8R(_.I'Mjs3I�hiLQR9I_.I)¤Sf:¢8_.I?M��U�.hN¢+��XaRQL�,:A��+P8VT�:IHKvL[CTI?MZs!I�Rjdgf:RQG)XaK!hiI�M\R9I��vP%VrMjI?M[_%XaK!M[_.I�M[X0s%s%CFVFh�X6LQVFf0K!M_.V "�EHR9IHKvLQI?MHA^zI?M��!f:P8hiCFI�MSp,�:IHR9RQf:P%VTCFCrXaW0Im_.I[s%¢8X:MjI\f0KvLSCTIU�vP8X:MjVT| G,f:K%f0s3f0CFIm_%I\CrXJMj¡+KvLQ¢8£�MQIZ_%I

dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?M{_%X0K8M{CFI�M\hiVFRNhiP%VTL9MmR9X:_.VFfa|odgRQE?�:P8IHK8hHI�M�!_.IeCFX©W0EHK8EHRNX6LQVFf0K�_%I~CrX©s3f0RQLQI�P8MjIephHIHCFCTI[_.I[Con ¢8f0R9CTf:W0IZ_.IZCFXJhif:K+�0IHRNMQVTf:K­_.I?MS_.f0K%K8EHI�M�A�\XaK8M~CTIqhN¢8Xas%VTLQR9I©MQP%VF� X0KvL�yK8f0P8MeXaCFCTf:K8MUI .X0GJVTK%I�R~_.V "3E�RQI�KvL9M~L¥¡vs3I�Me_.I©W:EHK%E�R9Xa|

L9IHP%R,_.I®dgR9E��vP%I�K8hiI?MUIiL,R9X0s%s3IHCFIHRe�vP%I�CF�vP%I?MUE�CTE�G,I�KvL9M~_%I©CrX5LQ¢%E�f0R9VTIq_.I®CrX��3f0P8hHCTI­p

Page 33: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

k � ��������� � ������ � ���!�� ����� ����'� � � � ������� ��� ���������'� �� �������� ��� �8����������� �����������

�{f0R9GJI � R9P%VTLO_.I[s%¢8X:MjI �'R9P%VTLSLQIHGJs3f0R9IHC��^y^z| ¤ � �m�'�'��� �� � ��� � ��� �� +�� ����� ���^(^�|}¤ � �[�.��� ���� � ��� � '� � � +�� �� � �

�+��l ¤Sf:¢8_.I?M��U�.hN¢+��XaRQL�,�� '�� � ��� � '� � � +�� �� � ��Of0R9CFf0W0I\s3f0P%Rm� �mlx�{���O� ' ' � �� ��Of:RQCFf0W:I{s3f0P%ROE?hN¢8XaKvL9VTCFCTf:K%IHP8R��'CFP%IiL9f+faLQ¢ ' � � �

��� � �0A � �)� .IHGJs%CFI�M�_.IZMjs3E�hHV#&!h�X6L9VTf:K8M�s3f0P8R�_%V#"�EHR9IHKvLQI?M�K8f0R9G,I?M�+_.V "3E�RQI�KvLQI�M dgf:K8h |LQVFf0K8M

�0I�RQR9f0P%VFCFCFX0W0Im_%I\s8¢8X0MQI[�:P8Vzs!I�RQGJIHLjLQI�KvL{_.IUhif:G,s8RQI�K8_.R9ImCFIHP%RNM�s3IHRQdgf0R9GJX0K8hiI?MHA

Page 34: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ,�#���6� � � �

� � �� � ������ �� �� ��������������

������� �"!$#&%(')�*�+!-,/.$'10/,2�3�"%(#4,/5762�*')�/!$! �98&�9'1:;.$�984:;.$�=<�>384>3?@�95A%�<�%)�$>3,A'(#B:;.$�9<C<D.$'84�9<E<(FG<D%(H9?@�9<�,A<)�I#48&8B�"5;%)<�.2%)#&84#4<(>9<J!-,/.$'E8B�1<(FG5;%(�$H=<D�K62�KLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�9<�!$.$#B<J6PO �/Q ,A')62�9'�84�9<�9�"'��/�R%)>3')#4<D%(#B:;.$�9<S62�T84��Q ,A.N�I84�@U*0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�162�1!N�N�/<(�T:;.$#XWP�"."YZ,/.$'�6[O �;.N#\W-�9<D%��I,/.$]'��"?@�35;%J.2%(#48&#B<(>3�^6$�"5 <�84�9<E�3#&'��I.$#&%)<_�/5N�"84,/VA#4:;.$�=<3`2���K<(F2<Z%)H3?@�a5$,/. <J<(�3')0G#&'���U18\O �b0/�95$#4'62�c'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�d6$�"5N<e8\O >I%).N62�c6$�9<fQ-,/. �I84�9<eU�0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�J6$�d'(�3%)�/')6[`Agd,/. <h%(�9'(?@#45$�3'),/5 <�3�I%D%)�a!N�"'(%(#4�a!N�"'E8XO #48&84.N<D%('��i%)#&,A5j62�=<E! �9'DLM,A'(?k�/5N�I�=<�62��6$�3.2l*m�nono<_6N�"5N<_62�=<_�"!$!N8&#B�3�"]%)#&,A5N<_62#&p->9'(�95A%)�9<9`q@r9s t@u@v1wyxjz_{o|~}��Z�jv�|~�b���_�@��|_vj��|

no�*<DFG5;%(�$H=<D�162�^LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�9<c'(�9! ,;<D�a%)')�A62#&%(#4,/5$5$�98&�9?@�35;%S<(.$'c84��!$')#&5 �I#4! �T62�9<S<DF2<D]%)H3?@�9<�,A<)�I#48484�/5A%�<3`bmf84.N<(#&�9.$'�<o%)�9���$5N#4:;.$�=<y�3l2#4<D%(�95A%=`i�f848&�=<h<D�E62#&p->9'(�95N�I#4�35;%�!N�"'�84�9<h�I,A?T]!-,A<)�"5;%)<J.2%)#&84#B<D>=<_�I%d!N�/'E8&�9.$'d!-�3'(LM,/')?@�/5N�I�K�35�Q$').$#&%9`�E�(�h�D� �����S�^�o�D�7�G�c��D���$�d�P�e�N�Z���d�o���/ d�A�2¡o¢£�o�7���;¤[�(�D�D��¥��$�

nP��<DF2<D%(H3?@�¦�=<Z%1QN�/<(>¦<D.N'�.$5��/?T!N8&#&§ �3�"%(�9.$'C�I,A5;%(')�I]¨'(>=�/�R%)#&,A5$5$>�©ª§NV `�«$`&¬A` �;­R`ony�<(,/'(%(#4�K®�6$>3!-�35N6�62�a8XO �95A%)'(>9�a¯°�3%c62�^8\O �$#B<Z%),/')#4:;.$�^62�=<E>30AH35$�9?T�95;%)<9`

X(p)H(p)

Y(p)R

1R

2

a b

Circuit actif Circuit résonant

±E²´³eµ[¶2·4¸d¹jºG»(0D¼(½6BT¾T0E¿�0)ÀIÁ4Â&ÂBÃ"Ä;¼A0ÅKÃ"Ä 01Â&¾�Æ2¿�BkÃ"Á4Ä$¾*Æ$¾�ÇoÃ/È$ÂBÃ/ÀI¾AÉPÂBÃ�0D¿�<D¼)Á&¾¦ÊTËMÈ-Ì�¾T0Z¼CÂ4Á+:3¾�ÍÎÂ^= ¾3Ä;¼2<$:3¾*Ï1ËMÈ-Ì�ÈNÃ�<�ÂBÃ

<)¾3ÂBÃi¼)Á&¿AÄ'0(Ð$Á&ÑiÃ/ÄA¼)¾/·ÒAÒ

Page 35: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%���®+*-,/.¯0*-,/.21 3 *-,/.4�5 3 *6,7. ©\«2`4¬=­

8 5 !$�$>95$,/?@H95$�¦6[O ,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)#&,A5 <(.$'C® �/!$!N�"'��:9B%^8&,A')<):;.$� 3 *-,<;=. 1 4 ©\�b0/�=�",<; 1> ?A@�B ;b­R`3m�,A.$'P:;.$�e�I�=<[,A<)�I#48484�"%(#4,/5N<[<(,/#4�35;%o<D%)�"QN8&�=<3W36$�3.2l^�I,A5N62#&%(#4,/5N<[5N>9�I�=<(<)�"#4')�9<�©M?k�"#B<!N�/<K<(.DC¦<(�/5A%)�9<�­RW 62#&%(�9<a62�FEE�"'HGi�".N<(�357©JI K�Lª­IW 6$,/#40/�35;%NMI%(')�T'(�=<D!-�9�I%(>3�=<PORQ 3 *-,<;=. 1 4 Q�I%�S * 3 *6,T;A.J. 1VU ©M,/. 4=W UYX �95 LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5 62.7<D#4V/5N�@6$�k84��')>I%)'(,/]¨�A�R%(#4,/5-­R` 8 5N�k,A<)�I#48 ]84�"%(#4,/57!-�3.$%T5N�A94%)'(��62.�Q$').$#&%T62.��I#4')�3.$#&%j©´�/8&,A')<�'(�9!$'(>=<D�95;%(>¦!N�/'1¯ ­R`RZG,/.$0A�35;%9Wy.$5$�!N�"'(%(#4���3,/?@!-,A<(>3�*6[O .$5��I#4')�3.$# %T'(>=<D,A5$5N�/5A%Cn�� �9<D%T#45N�38&.N<(��6N�"5N<18\O ,A<)�I#48484�"%(�3.N'C!-,/.$'<D>98&�=�R%)#&,A5$5$�3'�84�^LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�c62�c')>9<(,/5 �"5N�3�/`\[����N�/:;.$�d�3FG�38&�K6[O ,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)#&,A5PW/62�S8\O >35$�9'(VA#&�62. �3#&'��I.N# %a�9<D%K!-�3'�62.$�A`[�SO �9<D%a! ,A.$'):;.$,A#y#48��9<D%K5N>9�I�=<(<)�"#4')�C62�@�I,/?@!-�35N<(�3'a<(�9<S! �9'D%)�9<!N�"'S.$5 �3#&'��I.N# %a�/�R%)# LZ`[gc,/.N<S! ,A.$0/,A5N<c�/#&5 <D#�'(�9!$')>9<(�35;%(�9'd8&�@<(FG<D%(H9?@�C,A<)�I#48484�/5A%S!N�"'K84�§NV/.N'(��«2`4¬/` QP`nfO ,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)#&,A5j>98&�=�R%)'(#B:;.$�C�I,A'(')�9<(!-,/5N6jUk.$5+>=���N�"5$VA��6[O >35$�9'(VA#&�^�95A%)'(�C.$5+>384>3?@�35;%�3�/!N�/�3# %)# L��3%�.$5 >98&>9?@�35;%�#45N62.N�I%(#&LZ`�[°���N�A:;.$�+%('��"5 <ZLM�9'D%�6PO >95$�3')V/#4�/WJ62�9<�! �9'D%)�9<j<D�!$'),G6$.$#4<(�35;%K�I%^62�18XO >35$�9'(VA#&�T62,/#&%NM3%(')�C')>3#45;%('),G6$.$# %)�C!-,/.$'^�3,/?@! �95N<(�3'K8&�=<c!-�3'(%(�=<3`[no�! �9'DLM,A'(?k�/5N�I�C6$��8\O ,A<)�I#48484�"%(�3.N'c�9<D%K�9�"'��/�I%(>3')#B<D>9�K! �"'c84��L´�A�R%)�3.$'a62�C:;.N�/8&#&%(>^] �3,/')'(�=<Z]! ,A5N6$�/5A%c�/.�')�/!$! ,A'D%c6$�^8\O >35$�9'(VA#&��<D%(,2�_GA>3�^<D.N'd8\O >35N�3')V/#4�K!-�3'�62.$�C! ,A.$'d.$5$�^!->3')#4,G6$�/`gd,A.N<J! ,A.$0/,A5N<e?@,A5A%)'(�9'�:;.$�AWG6N�"5N<J84�K62,A?k�"#45$�S62�=<�LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�9<9WA8XO �95;%(')>3�K¯0* B .f�I%_84�<D,A'D%)#&�^®+* B .E<D,A5;%E84#4>9<E!N�/'_84�T')�38B�i%(#4,/5�<(.$#&0i�/5A%)�FI K�L�O```` ®a* B .¯b* B . ```` c 1 4d e c f B ;Bag c ©\«2` «/­

[o0A�9�h, 1 > ?A@�B WP�3% B 8XO >9�3�/'D%^�95 LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�k! �"'^'��"!$!-,/'(%�U�8B��!-,/'(%(�3. <D� B ; `onP�Q$').$# %�62#4?T#45G.$�e�95 4:i\B c `bnP���3#&'��I.N# %�,A<)�I#48&8B�"5;%o�=<Z%�6[O �/.2%)�/5;%o!$84.N<�<D>98&�=�R%(#&LN:;.$�e84�fL´�A�R%)�3.$'62��:;.N�"84#&%(>P] �=<Z%d>98&�90/>/WG%)')�A62.$#B<(�/5;%J84�9<EL´�/#&QN8&�=<E! �9'D%)�9<_62.�')>9<(,/5N�"%(�3.N'9`�E�D�h�X� jC�o�7�e�G¤[�(�D�Z���2�o�c�N�k 8N�Il2#B<Z%)�d!$84.N<(#&�9.$')<h%ZF;!-�9<�6[O ,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)�3.$'�<h:;.$# <(�c�3�/')�A�R%)>3')#4<(�35;%�!N�"'f84�3.N'fL´�/�I%(�9.$'e62�:;.N�"84# %)>�>384�30A>/W 8&�9.$'_LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�C62�CLM,/5N�I%(#4,/5$5N�3?@�35;%9W 8&�9.$'S<(#4?T!N8&#B�I#&%(>C6$�C')>9�"84#B<(�"%(#4,/5P`4`&`gd,A.N<_�"848&,A5N<_62>=�I')#&')�S84�9<d!$8&. <E.N<D.N�38B<3`l�m n^o7nqpYrtstsvuDwqm xzyAn�{}|~xzu�y=w=�

nP�d:;.N�"'(%��E�=<Z%f.$5¦�3'(#B<D%)�"8$6$�d<D#48&#B�I�_62,A5;%f84�^<D%(').N�R%).$')�J�=<Z%e6$#4<)<DFG?@>I%)'(#B:;.$�/`\Z$�^�I,/?T]!$')�9<)<D#4,/51�35;%('��:9ª5$�J.$5T6$>3!$8B�/�3�3?@�35;%f62�_<D�=<h���N�"')V/�=<o#45;%(�9'(5$�=<E©M�Ip �I%f!N#&�q�3,"]¨>384�9�I%(')#4:;.$�b­R`Z2��62#B<(<(FG?T>3%(')#&�T#45N62.$#&%�8\O �"!N!N�"')# %)#&,A5 62�k���N�/'(VA�9<S>384�9�I%(')#4:;.$�=<^U�<)��<D.$'(L´�/�3�/`~[£8\O �"#B62�6[O .$5$�@�I,/5;%)'(�3]X')>9�A�R%(#4,/5oW2#&8��9<D%S!-,A<)<(#&Q$84�16$�T�3'(>9�3'c.N5 ?@,262��©´?T>=�3�/5$#4:;.$�AW >98&�=�R%)'(#B:;.$�=­,A<)�I#48&8B�"5;%=`$nP�9<JLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<_62�^')>9<(,/5N�/5N�I�K62>3!-�35N6$�35;%S62�a8XO �/'('��"5$VA�3?@�35;%_�I')#4<D%)�/8&84#45j62.�I')#4<D%)�/8\W;62�S<)���3,/.$!-�c�3%J62�K<(�a%��"#48&84�/`;mf84.N<J<(�a%��"#48&84�S6$#&?@#45;.N�/W;!$8&. <e8B�^LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�c6PO ,;<Z]�I#48&8B�i%)#&,A5*�=<Z%_>384�30A>3�A`DZ2�9<E,A<)�I#48484�"%(#4,/5N<J<D,A5;%E<D%)�/Q$8&�=<J�I%_!$')>9�I#B<(�9<9`$�SO �9<D%_84�1'��"#B<D,A5*!-,/.$'84�A:;.$�3848&�S8&�=<J,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)�3.$'�<eUT:;.N�"'(%��S,/5;%J0G#&%(�K>I%)>K�A62,/!2%)>9<�!N�"'J8XO �$,A'(84,/VA�3')#&�A` k 8B<E�I,/5 <Z%)# ]%(.$�95;%�>3V;�"84�3?@�35;%*�/.iYZ,/.$'�6[O �G.$#c8XO �=<(<(�35;%)#&�98S62�=<*�$,A'(84,/VA�9<k62� '(>3LM>3')�35N�3�Î62�9<j�I#4'��I.$#&%)<>384�9�I%('),/5$#B:;.$�9<JV/'_�/�3�KUT84�3.$'cQ ,A5$5$�a! �9'DLM,A'(?k�/5N�I�a�35jQ$').$#&%c62�^!$�N�A<D�A`

Page 36: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T���Y�a���������� � ��!��-(%�� #���&"')(z�����%� ���l�m nFpYr yAp\x%r w=n^o<n=p\rvststu��/wqnFp\o��/w y7s�� nFm�� w=m �zn=rto��ZG#E8XO ,;<(�3#&8484�"%(�9.$'TU :;.N�"'(%���5$��!-�3')?@�I%¦6[O ,/Q2%)�35$#4'@:A.oO .$5�<D#4V/5 �"8EU .$5N�j<(�3.$84�¦LM')>I]:;.$�95N�I�AW[#&8f�=<Z%^!-,A<)<D#4Q$84�k62�¦�I,A5N�I�90/,/#4'a62�9<��3#&'��I.N# %�<a>384�9�R%)'(,A5$#B:A.N�9<a:;.$#fV/>95$H3')�35;%^62�9<<(#&VA5N�".$l*62�aLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�^�I,/5;%)'��A84�/Q$8&�A`l�m nFo7nqpYrtsvstuDw=m xzyAnF{ yAm stu�� u�wqrto��

nP�=<f,;<(�3#&8484�"%(�9.$')<eU^'(�984�"l$�i%(#4,/5@<(,/5;%�62�=<e<(FG<D%(H9?@�9<e6$,/5;%e8B�^V/'��"5N6$�3.$'e6$�c<D,A'D%)#&�c�9<D%!->3')#&,262#B:;.$�^5$,A5�<(#45;. <D,��X6$�/8&�K�35�8XO �/QN<(�35N�3��6[O �95;%(')>3�^0i�"')#4�/Q$84�a6N�"5N<_84�a%(�9?@!N<3W 8\O >35N�3'(]VA#&��>3%)�/5A%SLM,/.$')5$#4�C!N�/'S8B�k%)�35N<(#4,/5 6[O �"84#4?T�95;%)�i%)#&,A5P` k 84<K<D,A5;%S�I,A?T!-,A<(>9<K6[O .$5$�T<D,A.$')�3�6[O >35N�3')V/#4�c�I,A5A%)#&5G.$�c�IlG%(>9'(#4�3.$')�/W;6[O .$5*�I,A?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'c©\:;.$# ! �9'(?@�I%E62�S6$>I§N5$#4'J.$5$�d%)�352]<(#&,A5162�EQN�A<(�3.$84�3?@�35;%�­o�I%h.$5@')>9<(�3')0/,A#&'�6[O >95$�3')V/#4��:;.$#G§NlG�E8B�dLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�_62�E')>9<(,/5N�/5N�I�A`gc,/.N<c.2%(#48&#B<(,/5N<S8&��%(�3')?@�162�1'(�984�"l$�i%(#4,/5�!-,/.$'K�3�/')�A�R%(>9'(#B<(�3'd84��')�I%(,A.$'c!->3')#4,G6$#4:;.$�T62.<(F2<Z%)H3?@�E0/�3'�<�.$5k>3%)�i%e6$�d!$84.N<�L´�"#4Q$84�_>35$�9'(VA#&�A`"mh�"')?@#$�I�9<f,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)�3.$'�<3Wi5N,/.N<h!-,/.N0/,/5 <!N�/'(84�3'�62.*?1.$8 %)# ]¨0G#&QN')�"%(�3.N'��/<D%)�/Q$84�c�I,A?T!-,A<(>c6[O .$5j�"5$5$�=�".¦62�K�I�98&84.$84�9<JU�')�I%)�/')6+©M§NVN`«$` «A­R`nfO �"5N5$�9�/. �9<D%��I,A5N<Z%)# %).$>k6[O .$5 5N,/?CQN'(�T#&?@!N�/#&'����^62�k�I�98&84.$84�9<^U�'(�3%)�"'�6���©M!N�/#&'<9O #48S<9O �"V/#&%�6[O #45;0A�3'�<D�9.$'�<)­@62,A5;%�8B�762�3')5$#4H3')�Î�9<D%��3,/5$5$�=�R%)>3� U78\O �35;%(')>3�A`��1O �/!$')H9<¦84�9<�3,/5N62#&%(#4,/5 <o62� EJ�/'�Gi�/.N<D�95^I KAL;84��<(F2<Z%)H3?@�e,;<(�3#&848&��Ud8B�ELM'(>=:;.$�35N�3� B ; 1 4:i\? ����� 1 4Ai�� ;!-,/.$' 3 *-,7. 1 �"!$#&%�' `τ τ τ τ τ

(*),+�- «2` «�.�nfO ,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)�3.$'E�35��"5N5$�9�/.2lZG# 84�9<J62>38B�"#B<�<(,/5;%J0b�/'(#B�"QN8&�=<3WA84�CLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�S6[O ,A<)�I#48484�"%(#4,/5k8XO �=<Z%_�".N<)<(#\`$���S<(FG5A%)�$>I%)# ]<(�3.$'�62�dLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�c��8\O �b0i�"5;%)�/V/�d62�S5$�d!N�A<f!-,A<)<D>=62�3'J62�d')>9<(,/5N�"%(�3.N'en����35 �I,/?1Q$'��"5;%!-,/.$0i�/5A%E5$>=�I�9<)<(# %)�3'E.$5$�K%(�=���$5$,A8&,AV/#4�S!N�/'D%)#4�3.$84#&H9'(�A`$���9! �95N6$�/5A%=WG#&8o<9O �"V/#&%_�".N<)<D#[62�^<)�!$')#45N�I#4!N�"84�kL´�/#&Q$84�9<)<(�k!$.$#B<(:;.$��8&�=<�!-�3'(LM,/')?@�/5N�I�=<^�35�Q$'(.N# %@<D,A5A%1!$8&. <�V/'),A<)<(#&H9'(�=<3`Pno�L´�A�R%(�9.$'^62�k:;.N�"84# %)> ]£�9<D%aL´�"#4Q$8&�A`y���9<a62#B<D!-,A<(#&%(#&L´<^<D,A5A%a')>9<(�3')0/>9<KUj62�9<^�/!$!$84#4�9�i%(#4,/5 <!-�3.¦�3l2#&VA�9�"5;%)�9<f�95¦Q$').$#&%9`GnP�S<(!-�9�R%)'(�K62�cQN'(.$#&%_62�c!$� �/<(�0/�* B .f6[O .$5$�K�I�38484.$8&�K62>3!-�35 662�^<)�TV/#4V/.$�213�"4 � X65 7�8:9 I4¬qK�LX`TZ2#P8&��<(#4V/5N�/8 6PO �95A%)'(>9�^�9<D%_!$'(,A!$')�/W2�"84,/'�<NO/�* B . 1 B ;B c f 13�"4 � X65 7;8<9� ; g c ©\«$` � ­

ZG.$'a.$5 !$8B�"5 <D!-�9�I%('��"8XW-84�@Q$').$# %^62>=�I'),A9B%a62� ? U�=�> !N�"'a62>=�3�/6$�/` ZG.$'a.$5 !$8B�"5ÎLM')>I]:;.$�95A%)#&�98\W 8B�*VA#&VA.$�@<3O �/�9�I.$?1.$8&�T�IF2�I84�@�"!$')H9<a�IF2�38&�@�3�/'S84�@Q$'(.N# %a#4<)<(.N<a62�@84�j62�3')5$#4H3')��3�3848&.$84�c�=<Z%E')�35G0/,iFA>EUC8\O �35;%)'(>9�S62�K84�C!$')�3?@#&H9'(�A`;gc,/.N<J62#B<Z%)#&5NV/.$,A5N<e8B��VA#&VA.$�d!N�/'J6$�3.2l�9�i%(>9V/,A'(#4�9<9`$no�kVA#&VA.$�CU¦�3,/.$'(%d%)�3')?T��%('),/!+'��"!$#B62��!-,/.$'"MI%)'(�C�3,/')'(#4V/>a�3%K�I�98&84�1U¦8&,A5$V%)�3')?T�1! ,A.$0i�"5;%a8\O MI%)'(�T!N�"'K.$5 <DF2<D%(H3?@�T�IlG%(�9'(5N�/`-m�,A.$'K!N�"84#&�9'S8XO �/�3�3.$?C.N84�"%(#4,/5 62�T8B�VA#&VA.$�d<D.N'f8&�=<e�3FG�38&�=<f<(.N�3�3�9<)<D#&L´<3W/#&8-�9<D%e5$>=�I�9<)<)�"#4'(�_62�c6$#4<(! ,;<D�9'e6[O .$5$�d')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�d<D%)�/Q$84�!-,/.$'k�3,/')'(#4V/�9'�! >9'(#4,262#B:A.N�3?@�35;%k8&�jQ$').$#&%@62.<(FG<D%(H9?@�/`hgd,A.N<@<D,A?T?@�=<TU �I��5$#40/�=�".

Page 37: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%����I,A52LM'(,A5;%(>9<aU�.$5 !$'(,AQ$84H3?@�k62�k<DFG5N���$'),/5N#4<)�i%)#&,A5+�35;%(')�@84��!$�N�A<D�k62�k�I�3%D%)�T')>ILM>9'(�95N�I��I%c�3�3848&�^62.+�I#4'��I.$#&%9`l�m n^o7nqpYrtstsvuDwqm xzyAn�{ y� n=m y��<o7r y��Jl���

nP�9<¦,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)�3.$'�<@n���<(,/5;%kQN�A<D>=<k<D.$'k8B� !N�"'(%(#B�I.N84�/'(#&%(>+62�=<@#&5N6$.N�R%��"5N�3�9<k�3%k6$�9<�3�/!N�/�3# %)>9<aU�<9O >9���N�/5$V/�9'c!->3')#&,262#B:;.$�3?@�35;%^8XO >95$�3')V/#4�T:;.PO �38484�9<a�I,A5A%)#&�95$5$�95A%=` mf8&. <D#4�3.$'�<?@,/5;%)�/V/�9<1>384�9�I%('),/5$#B:;.$�9<T�3lG#B<D%(�35;% O�c�/'D%)8&�9F/We��,/84!$#&%D%�<3`4`&`�nP�j?T,A5;%)�"VA�j6$�Î��,A8&!N# %(%)<�9<D%^.$5 6$�9<K!$84.N<^�I,A.$')�/?@?T�95;%K.2%)#&84#B<D>k6$�/5N<a8&�=<K')�A62#&,/]¨�3,/?@?C.N5$#4�9�i%)#&,A5N<dVA'H�A�I�1U�<(�9<Q ,A5$5$�=<�!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�9<e! ,A.$'_62�cL´�/#&QN8&�=<f%)�35N<(#&,A5N<E6[O �"84#&?@�35;%��i%(#4,/5*�I%_<D,A5*Q-,/5¦L´�A�R%)�3.$'62��:;.N�"84#&%(>/`l�m �0o �/w=u��<m��%m���o<s��%rtw w=n

���S?@,/5;%��"V/�S�9<D%J�3,/5N<D%(#&%(.$>a6[O .$5*')>9<(�3')0/,A#&'�n����3%E6[O .$5$�K!N�/'D%)#&�K�/�R%)#&0A�POG.$5*%('��"52]<D#B<D%(,/'CQ$#&!-,/8B�"#4')� ©ª§NV `�«$` � ` �;­R` k 8E62>9?@�/'(')�kV/'_�/�3�¦�".2l�Q$').$#&%)<T62�9<1�I,/?@!-,A<)�"5;%)<9`z[ 84�'(>=<D,A5N�"5 �I�/Wi8XO #&?@!->96$�/5N�I�c6$.k'(>=<D�9'(0A,/#4'��=<Z%f')>3�98&84�C©\�I,/.N')�/5A%h�3%f%(�95N<D#4,/5¦<(,/5;%f�95k!$�N�/<(�=­�I%y<)��LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�e6[O ,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)#&,A5S0i�/.2% B ; 1 4:i * ?A@�� ��� .I`9no�J%)�35N<(#4,/5�62.a')>9<(�3')0/,/#4'[�/<)<D�9'D]0G# %�84�K<(,/.$'��I�J�/�R%)#&0A�K©´.$51%('��"5N<(#4<D%(,A'�­��9�98&84���=<Z%h�I,A5$5$�=�R%(>9�JUS8XO >9?T�3%D%)�3.$'=`"nP�E62>3!N�N�/<)�"VA�62� 4qW U X �9<D%E')�9<(!-�9�R%)>/` ���9! �95N6$�"5;%=W$8\O #4?T!->96N�"5N�3�K0G.$�k©´�35+62FG5N�"?@#B:;.$�=­JUT8\O >3?@�3%D%(�9.$'�9<D%_L´�"#4Q$84�*© 4Ai��8­I`-�SO �9<D%c! ,A.$'�:A.N,/#[.$5$��%('��"5N<DLM,/')?k�i%(#4,/5�62�^8XO #4?@! >=6$�"5 �I���=<Z%d5$>=�I�=<Z]<(�/#&')�/`$no�^?@,/5;%)�/V/�^62�^8B�T§NV/.$')�C«2` � ` Q�L´�"#&%S:;.PO UT8XO >9?@�I%D%)�3.$'=WN8B�@5$,A.$0/�98&84�a#&?@!->96$�/5N�I�0G.$�S0i�/.2%E�/8&,A')<N* 4����! i�� c . i�� 8 `2nP�K'��"!$!-,/'(% �! =i"� c !-�3')?@�I%d�"84,/'�<e6PO �/.$V/?@�35;%)�3'E84�0i�"84�3.$'d62�a8XO #4?@! >=6$�"5 �I�/`

IoIo

ba

CL

Valim

L

Q1

C2

C1

Valim

Q1

#�$&%�')(+* �-,/.10324�57698�:�0<;+0>=�4�?A@�BC6D69EFHG IKJML)N�O�PMG�QSR&THU7VWGXL)NYRZG7[

.\0]2^4_57698":_0`;+BCacbYde0Y576eBA0f?hgjik:M*l(+* m7n/of4�5�5M8"BC6qp�5k0`:�dr8"5M;+0`@c4�@�pk?A8�deBC6eb];�8"5kEs?A0YEotBAd9ofp�BC69Evulwyx/20�EDp�d90>z7p�0^?{8/690f5kEeBC4_5�;�| 8"?ABA2^0Y57698W69BC4_5`;+BA2BC5Xpk8�B}63of8�d~BA?�@M0Yde20t63;+02h8W�+BC2B{ED0Ydl?�| 8�2^@k?CBC6epk;�0>;�| 4_E9otBA?C?{8W69BC4_5 8���0�o<p�5�0-20YBC?A?C0Yp�d90�BC22>p�5�BC6eb>8�p+����depkB}6rE�;+0?Z| 8"?ABA2^0Y57698W69BC4_5K0f6;+p�Eep��kED6edr8W6Y*S��5�p+6eBA?ABAE98"576h;+0YE^�W8"d9BAoY8"@kE>0f5�:�p�B{Ee0q;+0�of8�@k8�ofB}69bYE�W8"d9BA8���?C0�Ef�X?{8>�&deb�z_pk0f5kof0�;�| 47EeofBC?A?{8W6eBA4�5s0YED6�ot4_5_69de�_?A8���?A0�*

Page 38: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T���Y�a���������� � ��!��-(%�� #���&"')(z�����%� ���

Q2

Valim

CL L C

Q1

(<),+ - «$` � . 8 5+?@,/5;%��"V/�a62#&p->9'(�95;%(#4�38��,/5 <D#B62>3'),/5 <1U !$')>9<(�35;%k8&�jQ$').$# %¦6[O .$5�'(>=<D,A5N�i%)�3.$'@�bFA�/5;%1.$5$�+�3,/?@! ,;<(�/5;%(�j'(>3]<(#4<D%(#40/�@Q$').$F;�"5;%(�A` k 8e��>I%)>¦?@,/5;%(')> I&¬��:L�:;.$�k8B��!$.$#B<(<)�"5N�3�¦62�kQ$').$#&%C62�¦!$�N�A<D�@!-�3.2%<9O �/!$!$'),bl2#&?@�3'E62�^8B�1L´���I,A5j<(.$#40i�"5;%(�FO

/�* B . 1 c������ ���� f 4������ %����� c g �Y4���� %��� � � � ©\«$` � ­[y0/�9� �

9"!$# O�84��!N.$#4<)<)�"5N�3�Î62�+84��!-,/'(%(�9.N<(�Î62�+LM')>9:;.$�35 �I� B ;AW B � 8B� LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�,&% 84��!-�35;%(�j62�¦8B�Î62>=�I'),/#B<(<)�"5N�3�@�357Q$').$#&%C!N�A<(<(�¦62� 4Ai�B�' U 4Ai�B c ©M§NV/.$')��«$` � ­R`ony�!-�35;%(�a�95 4Ai�B ' �=<Z%d62.N���".jQ$'(.N# %d�95 4Ai�B %��"5N6$#4<_:;.$���3�3848&�a�35 4Ai�B c �9<D%c62.$���".jQ$').$#&%Q$8B�"5 �K6$.��3#&'��I.N# %=` k 8P#45A%)'(,262.N# %d.$5jL´�A�R%(�9.$'d�I,A'(')�9�I%(#&L)(£:;.$#P�9<D%_LM,/5 �R%(#4,/5�62.+!$'),2�I>=62>%)�9���$5$,A8&,AV/#B:;.$�/`$no��Q$').$# %S!$84�/5N���$�9'c62��8XO >3%)�/V/�C62�1<D,A'D%)#&��62. *S�,+ ©´5$,/5�§N8&%(')>�!N�/'d84�')>9<(,/5N�"%(�9.$'_n��E­J�9<D%S�"%D%(�9#&5;%c�/.�6$�38BUk62� B � c 1 B ; i�? e ,�% e 1 ?A@�B.-/ �9<D%d84�aL´�/�R%)�3.$'62�K:;.N�"84# %)>S62.¦§N8 %)'(�A` k 8 �=<Z%JV/>35N>3'��"84�3?@�35;%�62.��".¦Q$').$#&%E6$�c8XO >3%)�"VA�c62�a<D,A'D%)#&�S62.0*S�,+©´Q$.2p �3'R­R`

log(f)

S(f)

Bruit de phase

fc1 fc2

d’un VCO libre

(<),+�- «2` � . EJ').$# %d62�^!N�N�/<(�^6[O .N5j?@,A5A%��"VA�^��,A8&!$#&%D%�<d<(�384,/5�nP�3�=<D,A5��,/5;%)')�/#&')�3?@�35;%CUÎ�3�9<1�I#4')�3.$# %�<1:;.$#J<DFG5;%(�N>I%(#B<(�35;%T62�=<^LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<��IlG]¨5$#4�$#&84,NW�62�9<<(F2<Z%)H3?@�9<�<DFG5;%(�$>3%(#B<D�95;%�62�9<eLM')>9:;.$�35 �I�9<�U�!N�/'D%)#&'J62�dLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�S62�c')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�A`G�SO �9<D%�84�

Page 39: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� K ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%����3�A<J6$�9<EQ-,/.N�38&�=<_U10A�3')'(,A.$#48&8B�"VA�c62�a!$�N�A<D�k©Mm�nony­I`NnfO #45A%)>3'HMI%_62�a%(�984<_<(F2<Z%)H3?@�9<J�=<Z%d62�! ,A.$0/,A#&'d�3,/?@!N�/'(�9'J!->3')#4,G6$#4:;.$�9?T�95;%c84�@!N�N�/<(�^�I%d8B�TLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3��62�C<(,/'(%(#4�^Uk�I�38484�9<d62.<D#4V/5 �"8h62�k')>ILM>3')�35 �I�@�I%�62,A5N�k6[O �"?@>384#&,A'(�9'a8&�=<a! �9'DLM,A'(?k�"5 �I�9<K�95 QN'(.$#&%�62�k!$�N�A<D�k62.<D#4V/5 �"8P62�^<(,/'(%(#4�/`

q@r)q ���_vj�E��������wy�_{°{o�����I|_{����j���3|_{ ���|E�y���������������| }j|� x���{o|

+SQ2%(�95$#&'*.$5$��LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�+0i�"')#4�/Q$84��<(�jL´�"#&%�U !N�"'(%(#4'¦6[O .$5 *S�,+1`����3!-�35 6$�"5;%9We8&�Q$').$# %¦<(.$'@84� %(�95N<(#&,A5�62�+�I,A5;%(';�/84�*�I%¦�3�384.$#E#4<)<D.62.��I#4')�3.$# %¦<(��')�I%)'(,A.$0/�95;%T6$�/5N<T8&�<D#4V/5 �"8[62��<(,/'(%(#4�/`N��,/?@?@�a5$,/.N<E8XO �b0/,/5 <e0G.+6$�"5 <E8&�^���N�/!$# %)'(�K!$')>9�3>962�95A%=W28&�=<E5$,/')?@�9<<D>90/H9'(�=<P�35C%(�9'(?@�E62��QN'(.$#&%h#&?@!$84#B:A.N�35;%�6$�9<y%(')H9<yQ ,A5$5$�=<y!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�9<�62�J84�S!N�"'(%�6$�9<<DFG5;%(�N>I%(#B<(�3.$'�<E62�aLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<9`Gm�,A.$'_?@#&5N#&?@#B<D�9'_8&�^Q$').$#&%d62�^!$�N�A<D�a62.+<D#4V/5 �"8 V/>95$>3')>/W#&8-�9<D%e!-,A<)<D#4Q$84�c6[O �/<)<D�9'(0G#4'e<)�^!$�N�A<D�c<(.$'J�I�38484�/W��D!$'),/!$')���d6[O .$5¦,;<(�3#&8484�"%(�9.$'eU�:;.N�/'D%H�C©´�IL<DFG5$,A!2%(#B:;.$�K§NVN`N«$` � ­R`

CP Filtreei

VCOϕvcovc

f0

ϕ0 +

Quartz

±E²´³fµ[¶$· ��¹�ºG»GÄ$¿/È2¼)Á��;Ð$¾�Æ�= Ð$ÄN¾��eÇoÇÇoÃkÆ2Á��Z:6<(¾9ÄNÀI¾�Æ$¾^È �NÃ�0(¾a¾3Ä;¼2<)¾�ÀI¾T0_Æ2¾3Ð/9�0(Á%8AÄNÃ"Ð(9�¾60D¼XBT¾T0DÐ <2:9¾^ÈNÃ3<_Ð$Ä+À3¿�B@ÈNÃ3<�Ã"!¼(¾9Ð/<JÆ$¾cÈ �NÃ�0D¾TË$#%��ÌSË'&48N· ¶2·)(iÌ�È$ÐNÁ+0JÀI¿AÄ;ÑA¾�<(¼(Á4¾dÈNÃ�<eÐ$Ä$¾SÈ ¿�B@È ¾aÆ2¾SÀ*� Ã3<$8/¾_¾3ÄjÀI¿AÐ/<)Ã/Ä;¼

+-,1·

Vc

eI

Référence

Sortie du VCO

0 t

±E²´³fµ[¶$·.(K¹0/�<�Ã"Ä4021M¿�<2BkÃi¼)Á&¿AÄ*Æ2¾^Â>= ¾6<2<)¾3Ð <EÆ$¾^È �NÃ�0(¾a¾3Ä�¼(¾9Ä 0DÁ4¿/Ä#e¾ ÀI¿AÐ/<)Ã/Ä;¼¦Á&Ä;¼2:68�<$:�ÈNÃ3<¦ÐNÄ3&N ¼$<(¾ ¾60D¼�ÀI¿AÄ;ÑA¾�<(¼(Á_¾9ļ(¾3Ä40DÁ4¿/ÄP·4#e¾3Â4Â&¾-!¨À3ÁSÀI¿AÄ;¼2<65/Â4¾Â&¾879#4:£Æ$¾81´Ã<;I¿AÄ Í�B@Á&ÄNÁ%B@Á10D¾6<^Â^= ¾�<$<(¾9Ð/<aÆ2¾@È �NÃ�0(¾/·>=cÄ$¾?1M¿/Á10^ÀI¾3¼D¼(¾@¾6<2<)¾3Ð/<^Ã/Ä$ÄGÐ$Â%:9¾/ÉÄ$¿/Ð40�Æ2Á10(¿/Ä 0JÆ2¾cÂBÃA@-¿/Ð ÀIÂ4¾9�;Ð�= ¾3Â4Â&¾KÃCÃAÀ3À5<)¿2À*�/:3¾A·<��¿/Ð <JÃbÑA¿/Á+<fÐ$Ä$¾SÁ4Æ(:9¾KÆ$ÐB1M¿/Ä ÀR¼(Á4¿/ÄNÄ$¾�!

B@¾3Ä;¼cÆ2¾^ÂBÃC@-¿/Ð ÀIÂ4¾�Í@Ñ/¾�<$<)¿/Ð$Á4Â&ÂBÃ38A¾SÆ2¾^ÈD�NÃ�0(¾/É2Á4ÂP¾60D¼dÄ/:=ÀI¾60$0)Ã"Á+<(¾aÆ2¾�ÀI¿AÄ 0(Á4Æ(:6<(¾6<4�AÐN¾^Â&¾ÀI¿�BTÈ Ã3<�Ãi¼(¾9Ð/<�Æ2¾_È �NÃ�0D¾_Ã"Á4Ä 0(Á �;Ð$¾EÂ&¾E79#4:CÉ30(¿/Ä;¼hÐ2¼(Á4Â&Á102:60hÆ$Ã/Ä 0�Â&¾9Ð/<GF3¿AÄ$¾_Æ2¾_Â4Á&Ä/:=Ã3<)Á ¼$:/·

Page 40: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� �T��� &��&������ �%& ����(%� � �������)( ��� �������z�������)(z ���z�� � !�� �����N� ��� ��E�X�E�D� �����S�^�o���G�d�7�D� �$�d�P�e�N�Z� ��\�c¥d���^�e�c¤[�D�� ��e�o�$�$�e�S�D�D�D���f���c�

�S�d�h�;��K�"5N<�8XO >3%(.N6$��%)�$>3,A'(#B:;.$�E62�E84�SQ ,A.N�I84�_Uc0A�3')'(,A.$#48&8B�"VA�e62�E!$�N�A<D�J5$,/. <�<(.$!$!-,A<(�3'),/5 <:;.$�a84�9<_0i�"')#B�"Q$84�9<E0i�"')#4�35;%d�I,/5;%)#&5G.$�9?T�95;%9`$nP�=<_0i�"')#4�"%(#4,/5N<E62�90G'(,A5A%d62,A5N�hMI%)'(�KL´�/#&Q$84�9<�951�I,A5N<(#462>9')�/5;%�:;.$�E8\O .$5$#&%(>J%)�3?@! ,A'(�98&84�E�9<D%�6$>I§N5$#4�E!N�"'�8B�K! >9'(#4,262�J6$�9<h�I,A?@!N�"'��"#B<D,A5N<62. ��m�`Nm�,A.$'d�I�984��W$8B�TQN�"5 62�^!N�/<)<)�"5;%(�^62�^8B�@Q ,A.N�I84��62,A# %M3%(')�^#&52LM>9'(#4�3.N'(�^U�¬���6$�8B��LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�^62�^�3,/?@!N�"'��"#B<(,/5P`��c�^!$84.N<9W25$,/. <J<(.$!$!-,A<(,/5 <J:;.$�K%),/.2%)�9<E84�9<E!N�/'D%)#&�=<J6$�8B�TQ ,A.N�I84�^U@0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�c62�^!$� �/<(�SLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5$5$�95A%c6N�"5N<E84�3.$'_! �"'(%(#4�K84#45$>9�/#&')�/`

� � �&�YyAu�svr w � nno�jQ-,/.N�38&�k62�@')>I%)'(,;�/�R%)#&,A5 �/<)<(�3')0;#&%S8B�j!$�N�A<D��� 4 � X U�8B��!$�N�/<(���%;@6$.�<(#4V/5N�/8�6$�')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�K©ª§NV `i«$` � ­R`bnP�E�I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'y6$��!$� �/<(���I,A5G0/�3'(%(#&%y�951�3,/.$'��"5;%��3�I%(%(�J�3')'(�9.$'�6$�!$� �/<(�/` k 8[�9<D%d�3�"'��/�I%(>9'(#B<D>c!N�"'d<(,/5�VA�"#45�� �

!�Il2!$')#&?@>K�35���� ��� =! `TZG.$'_.$5N�K!->3')#4,G6$�62.¦<(#4V/5N�/8 � ;/W/8B�^0i�"84�3.N'e?@,iF/�95$5$�d62.¦�3,/.$'��"5;%#"%$J�9<D%e!$'),/!-,/'(%(#4,/5$5N�3848&�d�/.@6$>3!$�N�A<(�/V/�A`���@�I,A.$')�/5;%S�9<D%a#&5;%(>9V/')>1<(,/.N<S8B�¦LM,A'(?@�@6[O .N5$�C%)�35N<(#4,/5 1'& !N�/'S.$5 §N8&%(')�1! �/<)<D�3]XQN�A<62�KLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5�6$�a%('��"5N<DLM�3'(%(� � !*),+,7 $:*-,/.R`-no�T0i�"')#4�"%(#4,/5�6$�aLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3� 1 B UT84�k<(,/'(%(#4�^62.*S�,+1W�#45N62.$#&%(�+62��8B� 0i�/'(#B�i%)#&,A5�62�j%(�95N<D#4,/5��35��35;%)'(>9�/Wh62>3!-�35 6�62�+<(,/5�VA�"#45-� 4 � X�3lG!N'(#4?@>K�95 3/. �0& `��K�"5N<_84�^62,/?k�/#&5$�^62��ny�"!$8B�/�3��O

12 3 "4$�*-,7. 1 � �!*5�%; *6,7. 5 � 4 � X *6,7.J.687!:9 *-,/. 1 � � !;),+,7 $ *-,/.1 B *-,/. 1 � 4 � X 1'& *6,7. ©\«$` � ­

�f5 <(�C!N84�&�3�"5;%c6$�/5N<S8&�C6$,/?k�"#45$�C62�Tno�/!$84�A�I��<(#<� 4 � X 62>9<(#&VA5$��8XO �9'(')�3.N'c62��!$� �/<(�UT8B�T<(,/'(%(#4�^62. *S�,+ O� 4 � X *-,/. 1 1 B *6,7.,

gd,A.N<��35*62>=62.$#B<D,A5N<f8B�aLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5*62�d%)')�/5N<DLM�3'(% 3 *-,/.h�95A%)'(�=�&4 � X *-,/.h�3%>�%;Y*6,7.�I&¬ � L%O3 *-,/. 1 � 4 � X� ; *6,7. 1 � 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $A*-,/., � � 4 � X � � ! � � !*),+,7 $ *-,/. ©\«$` � ­

m�,/.$'?�?$A*6,7. 1 �z; *-,/. 5 � 4 � X *-,7.y')�3!$')>9<(�35;%��"5;%y8XO �9'(')�3.N'�62�J!$�N�A<D�AWb5$,/.N<�62>3§N5$#B<(<(,/5 <3 $:*-,/.E�I,A?T?@�^8B�1LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5�62�a%('��"5N<DLM�3'(%d62�a84�k�3,/')'(�=�R%)#&,A5*62�^8B�1Q-,/. �I84�/`3 $:*-,7. 1 �?$� ; *6,7. 1 ,, � � 4 � X � � ! � � !*),+,7 $ *6,7.nP�=<�! �9'DLM,A'(?k�/5N�I�E62�E84�SQ-,/.N�38&�_<(,/5;%f�"84,/'�<y62>3%(�9'(?@#45$>3�=<�!N�"'�8B�cLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5T6$��%)')�/5N<D]LM�9'D%d62.j§N8&%(')��62�aQ ,A.N�I84�/`nP�a%)�$>3,A'(H9?@�K62�=<_0i�"84�3.$'�<J§N5N�/8&�=<_62#&%c:A.N�)O

@:A;B+5C�D �?$A*5EJ. 1 @:A;B! C ; , 3 $A*6,7.F�%; *-,7. ©\«$` � ­

Page 41: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%���nP,/'�<):A.N�T8B��LM,/5;%(#4,/5 � � !;),+,7 $�*-,7.K5oO ��!N�A<^62�k!��/84�@6$,/.$Q$84�k�35 U WP�"84,/'�<3W[<(.$# %)�¦U�84�'(>9! ,A5N<(�aUT.$5+<)�".2%d62�^!N�N�/<(�/W25$,A.N<_�b0/,A5N<NO

�%; *-,/. 1 1 �%; i , @;A:B+5C D ��$�* EJ. 1 UnP�^<DF2<D%(H9?T�K%)�35N6�62,A5N�SU@�/5$5G.$8&�9'E8\O �3')'(�9.$'_62�a!$�N�A<D�a�Il2#B<Z%��"5;%E�35;%(')�a8&�^<(#&VA5N�"8[62�'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�@�I%C84�¦<D#4V/5 �"8e62�¦<(,/'(%(#4�/`yno�j§NVA.$'(�¦«$` K�#48&84.N<D%(')�k8&�=<aLM,/5 �R%(#4,/5 <�62�k%)')�/5N<ZLM�9'D%3 *-,/.J�I% 3 $ *-,/.J! ,A.$'_84�9<_0i�"84�3.N')<E62�^!N�/')�/?@HI%(')�9<E62�^Q-,/. �I84�a<(.$#40i�"5;%)<hO� �! 1 4 U �� ��� � � = � 4 � X 1�� 4 U�� 3/. �0& (^*-,7. 1 � /� ! !

�b0/�9� � 1���UYU�� �3% � 1 4 � ��� ( 6$,/5$5N�/5;% B � 1 ? U\U�� 3 . `no�+§ V/.$')�¦<D.N#&0i�"5;%)�*#48&84.N<D%(')�*:;.$�*84��<(F2<Z%)H3?@�¦5$�j�I,/')')#&VA�T! �/<�84�*QN'(.$#&%T6$�*!$�N�A<D�!$'),G���N�K62�K8B�CLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�a62.�<D#4V/5 �"8 62�a'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�/`N��,/?@?@�S5N,/.N<E�"8484,/5N<J84�K0A,/#4'�! �"'E84�<D.N# %)�/W;8&�c���N,/#&l@62�c84�aLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�S62�S�3,/.$!$.N'(�c6$.k§N8&%(')�/WA6$�9<fV;�"#45N<e6$.*�I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'f62�!$�N�A<D�a�I%c6$. *S�,+�,/5;%_.$5$�^#45N�I#B62�95N�I�^<(.$'_8&�=<_!-�3'(LM,/')?@�/5N�I�=<E62�^84�TQ-,/.N�38&�A`

104

105

106

107

108

−60

−50

−40

−30

−20

−10

0

10

Frequence en Hz

Atte

nuat

ion

en d

B

He(f)

H(f)

(<),+ - «$` K2. 3 *-,/.J�I% 3 $ *6,7.l�u]��o7x�yAn=xzrtwqm��%m�� y�� |~x%m �zpYm n

gd,/. <a! ,A.$0/,A5N<a�3�"'��/�I%(>9'(#B<D�9'S8B���3�/!N�/�3# %)>T62�@8B�jQ ,A.N�I84�kU�0A�3')'(,A.$#48&8B�"VA�162�@!$�N�A<D�U�<D.$#40G'(�@84�9<a0i�"')#B�i%(#4,/5 <K6$�T!N�N�/<(�9<a,A. 62�TLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<3`y���984�j�9<D%�#4?T!-,/'(%)�/5;%a84,/'�<):A.N�84� Q ,A.N�I84��U 0/�9'('),/.$#48484�/V/�¦62�j!$�N�A<D�¦�=<Z%@.2%)#&84#4<(>3��! ,A.$'T%('��"5N<(8B�i%(�9'��35�LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�*.$5<D#4V/5 �"8�62>ZYDU*?T,262.N8&>T�I%a! ,A.$'a�I,/5N5N�:9B%(')�C8B�kL´�&�I,/5 62,/5N�C8&�TQ$').$#&%a62�184��')>ILM>3')�35 �I���=<Z%%('��"5N<(?@#4<KU�84��<D,A'D%)#&�A`[���9'D%��"#45$�9<K�"'����$#&%(�9�I%(.$')�9<K�I,A?@?T�T8B�C�DQ ,A.N�I84�T6$�1?@,262.$8B�i%)#&,A5 �62>9�3'(#&%(�16$�"5N<d8&�C��� �"!$#&%(')�^!$')>9�I>=62�35;%d.2%)#&84#B<D�95A%a�I�3%D%(��%(�9���N5$#4:;.$�16$�"5N<d8&�C�9�/62')��6[O .$5$��"!$!N8&#B�3�"%(#4,/5�� Z�� `/ZG,/#&%=�?$K8\O �3')')�3.$'d62�C!$�N�/<(��62.$�1Uk84�k6$# p >3')�35N�3���35;%)'(���3�3848&�C6$��84�'(>3LM>3')�35N�3��z;^�3%c�I�98&84�^:A.N�K8B�@menyn �"')'(#40/�KU1')�3!N'(,262.$#4')�/`2�f848&�^0i�/.2%2O�?$:*-,7. 1 , �%; *-,7., � � 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $ *6,7. ©\«2` KA­

Page 42: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� �T��� &��&������ �%& ����(%� � �������)( ��� �������z�������)(z ���z�� � !�� �����N� ��� ¬�K�"5N<S8&�T�3�A<c6[O-.$5 <)�".2%K62�C!$� �/<(��1 �%; O �z; *-,/. 1 1 �z; i , �I% � � !;),+,7 $A* U .��1 U �3%5$,A.N<E,/Q$%(�35N,/5N<hI4¬ � L�O

@:A:B+5C�D �?$A*5EJ. 1 @:A;B! C ;

, 1 �z;, � � 4 � X � � ! � � !*)*+,7 $ *6,7.P1 Uno�cQ ,A.N�I84�E�I,/')')#&VA�e62,/5 �e�I�3%�>=�3�/'D%�62��!N�N�/<(�/`"���3!-�35N6N�"5;%��3��5oO �=<Z%�!N�/<y.$5$�E�I,A'(')�9�I]%)#&,A5+#&5N<D%)�/5;%)�"5N>3�^�I%S8&�^%)�3?@!N<K6[O �/�3:;.$#B<(# %)#&,A5�6$>3!-�35N6Î6$�9<d! �"'��"?@HI%)'(�=<_62��8B�kQ ,A.N�I84�/`mf84.N<E84�9<E0i�"')#B�i%(#4,/5 <J6$�^!$�N�/<(�a<D�9'(,A5A%E'��"!$#B62�9<9W2?@,/#45N<E8B�1Q-,/. �I84�a<(.$#40G')�N`�]S. �"5;%(#&§N,/5 <�3�a6$>9�3�/84�/V/�A`ZG.$!N! ,;<D,A5N<a.$5$�k0i�"')#B�i%(#4,/5 �I,A5A%)#&5G.$�k62�@8B�j!$�N�/<(�k�3�/')�A�R%(>9'(#B<(>3�C! �"'^.$5 >9�9�"'(%^6$�!$.N84<)�i%)#&,A5 1�� 1 1�� ; i , c !N�/'^')�/!$! ,A'D%^U�84�j!$.$8B<)�i%(#4,/5�62.�<D#4V/5 �"8X`/[y0/�=�C8XO >9:;.N�i%)#&,A5«$` KNW;5N,/.N<_�b0A,/5N<NI4¬ � L�O

@;A:B+5C D � $ *-,7. 11�� ;� 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $A* U . 1

1�� ;� 4�b0/�=� � 4 1 � 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $ * U .�8B�^�I,A5N<D%)�"5;%)�E6$�d0/>98&,2�I#&%(>A` k 8 <9O �/V/#&%f62�d8XO �9'(')�3.$'f6$�!$� �/<(�c:;.$#[<3O �iYZ,A.2%(�c�/.*<(#&VA5N�"8-U�8B�C<(.$# %)�S62�a�I�K<(�/.2%J6$�dLM')>9:;.$�35 �I�/`Ggd,A.N<J�b0/,/5 <f62,/5 �%),/.2%@#&5;%)>3'HMI%TU ���$,A#4<(#&'1.$5$���I,A5N<Z%��"5;%(�j62�j0/>384,2�I#&%(>�#&?@!-,/'(%)�"5;%)�j�"§N5�62�j?@#&5$#4?@#4<(�3'�3�I%D%)�a�3')'(�9.$'d62�a!$�N�A<D�a5$,A5j')>96$.N�R%)#&Q$84�/`

�6����xzm �%p\m �%x��%stw yAm �%m�o7xzpYstmmf84.N<18&�=<��I,A5A%)')�/#&5;%)�9<^�95 Q$'(.N# %1<(�3'),/5;%^#4?T!-,/'(%)�/5;%(�9<9Wo!N8&.N<C#&8J<D�9')��5N>9�I�=<(<)�"#4')�@6$��3,/5N�3�30/,A#&'c.$5 § 8 %)'(�@<D>98&�=�R%)# Le�3%a6$,/5N�T6[O ,/'�62'(�C>384�30/>A`[nP�1���N,/#&l+6$. §N8&%(')�@62>3!-�35N6 62�9<�3,/5N62#&%(#4,/5 <e62�K<Z%��"Q$#48&#&%(>AW;6$�c8B��QN�/5N62�c! �/<)<(�/5A%)�d�I%E62�c8B��0G#&%(�=<(<(�c6[O �/�9:A.N#4<(# %)#&,A5¦�I%E62�9<!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�9<J�35jQ$').$# %c6$�^84�TQ-,/.N�38&��UT0/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�c6$�^!$�N�/<(�^�i%(%(�35 62.$�9<9`��u�nh�%m n��o<x%p\svm n� � o<yW��yAm�� �K�"5 <_.$5�!$')�3?@#&�9'c�3�A<3W2#4?k�"VA#&5$,A5N<E.$5$�^Q-,/. �I84�U 0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�¦62�j!$�N�/<(��<)�"5 <�§N8&%(')��©�(^*-,/. 1 4 ­I`hno�ÎQ-,/. �I84���=<Z%@�"84,/'�<16[O ,/'�62')�ά/`gc,/.N<S! ,;<D,A5N< � 1 � 4 � X � � ! `F� �=<Z%^U¦8B�*LM,/#B<c84�1V;�"#45 62�TQ ,A.N�I84�C�3%K8XO #&5G0/�9')<(�C62�T8B�!$.N84<)�i%)#&,A5j62�^�3,/.$!$.N'(�^62�^8B�TQ ,A.N�I84�¦©�� � 1 4Ai � ­R` +S5��aO

3 *-,/. 1 �� � , ©\«$` �;­8 5 � 4 � X #&?@!-,/'(%)�"5;%a�".$VA?T�95;%(�T8&�1VA�"#45 6$�1Q-,/.N�38&�1�I%�62#4?@#&5G.$�T84�¦LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�T6$��3,/.$!$.N'(�AWI�35;%('��:9ª5N�/5A%P.N5^!$8&. <PV/'��"5 6c§ 8 %)')�/V/�f62�=<[Q$').$# %�<o62�e84�_')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�h�3%y62�f8B�d<(,/'(%(#4�62.��3,/?@!N�/')�"%(�3.N'[�I%o?@,/#45N<y62�h§N8&%('��"VA�f62�9<oQ$'(.N# %�<P#B<(<(.N<o6$�9<[§ 8 %)'(�=<3` 8 5$�eVA')�/5N62�h0i�"84�3.N'� �!�/.$V/?@�35;%)�T8B�j'(>=�/�I%(#40;#&%(>@62�k8B���I,/')')�9�R%)#&,A5Î!-,/.$'^.$5N�T�9'(')�3.N'a6$�T!N�N�/<(�k62,/5$5N>3�/`[y0/,A#&'y.$51VA')�/5N6aVA�/#&5T62�JQ ,A.N�I84��!-�3')?@�I%�.$51�A<(<(�3')0G#4<)<(�3?@�35;%o!$84.N<�'��"!$#B62�S©\62�E?k�"5$#4H3')�<(#&?@!$84#&§N>3�0��� ��� 1 ?A@ �7`N���9! �95N6$�"5;%=W25$,/.N<J5$�a62#B<D!-,A<(,/5 <�<(�3.$84�3?@�95A%d:;.$�a62��� !-,/.$'62>3§N5$#4'_5$,"%)'(�aQ-,/.N�38&���3�^:A.N#P�3?@!7M9���$�^6[O �i%(%(�3#45N62')��62�=<E,/Q2YZ�=�R%(#&L´<d�3,/5;%('��/62#B�R%),/#4'(�=<3`

Page 43: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� « ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%����PuTn �%m n �o<x%p\svm n � � o<y��zyAm � ��,/5N<(#B62>3'),/5N<+U!N'(>=<D�95A% 8&���9�/<Î6PO .$5 § 8 %)'(�6[O ,/'�62'(�@¬�62�aLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5Î62�a%('��"5 <ZLM�9'D%2O!� � !;),+,7 $A*-,/. 1

!�� �S ` neO >=:;.N�i%)#&,A5 ©X«2` �A­E62�90;#4�35;%�"84,/'�<NO

3 *-,7. 1 � 4 � X � � !,z*�� , �$4 . � � 4 � X � � ! 1� c�, c �b?�� � � , � � c� ©X«2`4¬ � ­

gd,/. <f5$,A?T?@,A5N< � 84�c�3,;� C¦�I#4�35;%�6[O �"?@,/'(%(#B<)<D�9?T�95;%f�I% � � 8B�aLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�d5 �i%(.N'(�98&84�/`� � 1 � 4 � X � � !� � 1 c�� %�� � %� ©X«2`4¬/¬=­ZG# 8&�a�I,G� C¦�3#&�95A%E6[O �"?@,/'(%(#B<(<(�3?@�95A%J�9<D%�5G.$8XWG8&�=<e!��/84�9<E62�S84�CLM,/5N�I%(#4,/5*6$�c%)')�/5N<ZLM�9'D%<D,A5;%E#4?k�"VA#&5N�/#&')�9<J�3%E84��<(FG<D%(H9?@�K,;<(�3#&8484�/`+S5162#B<D!-,A<(�eUc!$'(>=<D�95;%�62�E62�3.$la84�30G#4�3'�<P!-,/.$'�62>3§N5$#4'�5N,"%(')�fQ-,/.N�38&�NO �C�I%�� 4 � X � � ! `k 8N�=<Z%e62,A5N�E!-,A<)<D#4Q$84�c6[O �b0/,/#4'�.$5$�dQ �"5N62�_>3%('),/#&%(�_�3%e.$5kVA�/#&5@#4?@! ,A'D%��"5;%e�".k62>3%(')#&?@�35;%6[O .$5+L´�"#4Q$84�C�I,G� Ck�3#&�95;%K6[O �"?@,/'(%(#B<)<D�9?T�95;%9`-��,A?T?@��5N,/.N<c8&�10/�3')'),/5N<E!N�/'d8B�*<(.$# %)�/W 8&�� #46$>9�"8[0i�/.2% U ��� U �G`m�,A.$'@62#4<(!-,A<(�3'16PO .$5�8&�90;#4�3'@<(.$!$!$84>3?@�35;%��"#4'(�AWo5$,A.N<C!-,/.N0/,/5 <C62,A5N�k�35G0G#B<(�/V/�3'C8&�§N8&%(')�@©M§NVN`-«2` �A­J62�aLM,/5 �R%(#4,/5�62�a%)')�/5N<ZLM�9'D%d<(.$#40b�/5;%(�

(^*-,/. 1 , � c � 4,%*,� H� � c . � 4 ��� ��� � 1 � t� � E � c 1 � c �3 *-,/. 1 , � � * ?��h5 � � i � 4 � X � � ! . � � c�, c �b?�� � � , � � c� ©X«2`4¬=«/­

��� ��� � 1 4? � � 4 � X � � !� � � c f � c � 4� 4 � X � � ! g � E � � 1 � � 4 � X � � !� � � cgd,/. <C!-,/.$0A,/5N<C62,/5N�����$,/#B<(#&'C6$�*?k�"5$#4H3')�k#45N62>3!-�35 6$�"5;%(��8&��VA�/#&5PWy8&���I,G� C¦�I#4�35;%6[O �"?@,/'(%(#B<(<(�3?@�95A%E�I%d8B�1LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�a5N�i%).$'(�98&84��62�a8B�1Q-,/. �I84�/`

R1

R2

C

(<),+�- «2` � .���#48 %)'(�^62�^Q-,/. �I84�m�,A.$'_.$5�!$'),262.$#&% � 4 � X � � ! VA')�/5N6[WG8B�CLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5+62�K%('��"5N<DLM�3'(%d62�30G#4�35;%

3 *-,/. 1 ?�� � � , � � c�, c �0?�� � � , � � c���� ��� � 1 � c? � � 4 � X � � !� 4 � E � � 1 � � 4 � X � � !�

Page 44: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� �T��� &��&������ �%& ����(%� � �������)( ��� �������z�������)(z ���z�� � !�� �����N� ���Y���u�n^�zm n��o<x%p\svm n-� � oTyW�zy:m n�nqx�� � yArtm x�yAn no�9<J�I,/5;%)')�/#&5;%(�=<e62.N�9<E�".2lk5$,A'(?@�=<

� Z�� #&?@!-,A<(�35;%e8XO .2%)#&84#B<(�"%(#4,/5*62�c§N8&%(')�9<e6PO ,A')62')� � ,A. � ` 8 5*,A')6$'(�_!$84.N<�>384�30A>d! �9'(?@�3%62�*'(�DYZ�I%(�9'T6PO �b0i�"5;%��"V/�k62��Q$').$# %T�35�6$�3�$,A')<�6$�*8B�ÎQN�/5N62�¦!N�A<(<)�"5;%)�*62�¦8B�ÎQ-,/.N�38&��U0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�E62�S!$�N�/<(�/` [y0/�9�d.$5$�c')>ZYZ�=�R%)#&,A5¦<D.$!->3')#4�3.$')�/WA#&8-�9<D%�!-,A<)<D#4Q$84�c6[O �".$VA?@�35;%(�9'8B�TQN�"5N6$�K! �/<)<(�/5A%)�S�3%c62,/5 �^62�^62#&?@#45G.$�3'd84�K%(�9?T! <d6[O �/�3:;.$#B<(# %)#&,A5P`�6����xzm �%p\m �%x$p\o m�� pYrtm �/w^� � uk� oTy:w=rtn=nqmX� m �/w �

gd,A.N<a%)')�&�I,/5 <S8B�jLM,/5 �R%(#4,/5�62�@%)')�/5N<ZLM�9'D%�6[O .$5$�kQ-,/. �I84�¦U�0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�162�@!$� �/<(�6[O ,/'�62')� � !-,/.N'�!$84.N<(#&�9.$'�<*0i�"84�3.N')<j62� � ©M§NVN`_«2`4¬ � ­R`Egd,/. <��3,/5N<D%)�"%(,/5 <¦84,/'�<(:;.$� �62#4?@#&5G.$�a:;.$�^<D# 8B��LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5�62�K%)')�/5N<ZLM�9'D%J�9<D%_!$8&. <J<(>384�9�I%(#40/�AW;�98&84�K!$'(>=<D�95;%(�a�".N<)<D# .$5N�<(.$'(%(�35 <D#4,/57�/.2l��/8&�95;%(,/.N')<�6$�*8B�+LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�*62�j�I,A.$!$.$')�/`�nP�¦V;�"#45 5PO �9<D%@�/8&,A')<^!N8&.N<.$5N# LM,A'(?@�_<D.N'h84�KQN�/5N62�E!N�/<)<)�"5;%(�A`bno�d���$,/#&lC62� � 1 � cc �9<D%fQ ,A51.N5@�3,/?@!$'),/?@#B<y�95;%(')��3�9<K62�3.2lÎ:;.N�/8&#&%(>=<S�/5A%��"VA,/5$#B<Z%)�9<9` ���3%D%(�10i�"84�3.$'a�*�/.N<(<(#�8\O �b0i�"5;%)�/V/��62�T?@#&5$#4?@#4<(�3'K8B��3,/5;%(')#&QN.2%(#4,/5j62.�Q$'(.N# %c62.+<(#&VA5N�"8P6$�K')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�^�/.�5$#40/�=�".�62�^8B�T<(,/'(%(#4�/`

102

103

104

105

−25

−20

−15

−10

−5

0

5

10

Frequence en Hz

Fon

ctio

n de

tran

sfer

t en

dB

ζ=0.3 ζ=3

ζ=0.707

(<),+ - «2`4¬ � . 3 *6,7.J�35�LM,/5 �R%(#4,/5+62� ��hp �9�I%(#40/�3?@�95A%=W �3,/5N<(#46$>3'),/5N<E.$5+QN'(.$#&%=�%;Y* > ��. 1 �%;*©´<(.$!$!-,A<(>�Q$8B�"5N�=­EU@8\O �35;%)'(>9�62.+�3,/?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'_62�^!N�N�/<(�/`TZG,A# %�� c

9'(�9!$'(>=<D�95;%(�a<(�k�3,/5;%(')#&QN.2%(#4,/5j�35�Q$').$#&%9W$#45;%(>3VA'(>9�6$�/5N<_84�C62,A?@�/#&5N��62�9<dLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�9<9`$�f5Î�I,A5N<(#462>9')�/5;%d84�TLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5Î62�^%('��"5 <ZLM�9'D% 3 * > ��.©\62�^8\O >9:-`N«$`&¬ � ­RW25N,/.N<_�b0A,/5N<"O

� c9 1 � D; Q 3 * > ��.qQ c � ; * > ��. ���; * > ��. = � 1 � c; � D; Q 3 * > ��. Q c = � 1 � c;� -

� - 1 � D; Q 3 * > ��.qQ c 1 � �? f �~� 4d � g� ! 4 ©\«2`4¬ � ­�+#45$#4?T#B<(�3'a84�j�I,A5;%(')#&Q$.$%(#4,/5 62. Q$').$#&%a62. <D#4V/5 �"8�62�@'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�/W �"O �9<D%a���$,A#4<(#4'S.$5N�QN�/5N62�¦! �/<)<(�/5A%)� � - 8B�+!$84.N<�L´�/#&QN8&�¦!-,A<)<(#&Q$84�/`�no�jLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5 ��� � - * � .��"%D%(�9#&5;%T.$5?@#45$#&?1.$?�! ,A.$' � 1 U ��� U �G` +S'S8&�C���N,/#&l�62�C84�kQ �"5N62�C!N�/<)<(�/5;%(���k.$5N�C�I,A5N<D>=:;.$�35N�3�62#4')�9�R%)�^<D.$'_.N5$���3�/')�A�R%(>9'(#B<D%(#B:A.N�c�9<)<(�35;%(#4�3848&�^62�^8B�Tmenon ON8&�K%(�9?@!N<d6[O �/�9:A.N#4<(# %)#&,A5P`

Page 45: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�\� ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%���� � � �zrtwqrvo ���%x wqmX����n-� � u�pY|~xzrvnqrtwqrto��

nP�Î%)�3?@!N<j6[O �/�3:;.$#B<(# %)#&,A5 62>I%)�3')?@#&5$� 8&� %(�9?T! <�:;.PO #&8SL´�".$%�!-,/.$'�:;.$� 8B� Q-,/.N�38&�U@0/�9'('),/.$#48484�/V/�a62��!$�N�A<D��<(,/#&%d,/!->3'��i%)#&,A5$5$�98&84�/` k ?k�/V/#45$,/5N<E.N5Î�I#4')�3.$# % � Z � :;.$#o62,A# %%('��"#&%(�9'y8XO >9?@#4<)<D#4,/5C�I%y8B�d')>9�3�3!2%)#&,A5CUc6$�9<yLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<y�I%�6$�"5N<�62�=<y#45;%(�9'(0i�"8484�9<o6$�e%)�3?@!N<62#&p->9'(�95A%�<@©X���N�/!$# %)'(��¬=­I` ny�*Q-,/. �I84�TU*0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�C62�T!$�N�A<D�T62,/#&%NM3%(')�T�9�"!N�/Q$84�162�<DFG5;%(�N>I%(#B<(�3'�6$�3.2l@LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�9<J62#&p->9'(�95;%(�9<JU����N�A:;.$�S<(8&,/%J6[O >3?@#B<(<(#4,/5k�I%_62�S'(>=�I�3!$%(#4,/5P`�SO �=<Z%�!-,/.N'):;.$,A#\Wo�/!$')H9<a.$5$�*!$�N�/<(�k6[O >3?@#4<)<(#&,A5PWP8B��Q ,A.N�I84�*U�0/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�T62�¦!$�N�A<D�62,/#&%^MI%)'(���/<)<D�q�?�D')�/!$#B62���*!-,/.$'k!-,/.N0/,/#4'��D�A�3�I'),2���$�3' �*U 8B� LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�j62��')>9�3�3!2%)#&,A5�b0i�"5;%_8&�^<(8&,/%_6$�^'(>=�I�3!$%(#4,/5P`�Î�i%)�$>3?k�i%)#4:;.$�9?@�35;%9W 8B�*0i�"84�3.N'K62�T8B�*�I,A5G0/�3')V/�95N�I�^5oO �=<Z%JYD�"?k�"#B<K�i%D%)�3#45;%(�/W[�/O �=<Z%! ,A.$'�:A.N,/#XW=5N,/.N<h62>3§N5$#B<(<(,/5 <�6$��L´�&�I,A5T�/'(Q$#&%('��"#4')�e.$5T%(�9?@!N<hUK!N�"'(%(#4'h62.N:;.$�3828B�K0i�"84�3.$'�I,A5;0A�3')V/�=�"5;%(���9<D%�<(.DC¦<(�/?@?T�95;%o!$'),G���N�e62�e<)�_84#&?@#&%(�/`bnP�e%(�9?T! <o6[O �/�9:A.N#4<(# %)#&,A5��d62�9.2l�I,A?T!-,A<)�"5;%)�9<9`+S56$�3?k�"5N6$�j�95V/>35N>3'��"8_�".2l�Q ,A.N�I84�9<kU 0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�j62�+!$�N�A<D��VA>35$>9')�/5A%@84�9<! ,A'D%)�3.N<(�9<e6$�"5N<e8&�=<��/!$!$84#4�9�i%)#&,A5N<h?@,/Q$#484�9<e6$�c!-,/.$0A,/#4'e<DFG5;%(�N>I%(#B<(�3'f.$5N�c8B�"')V/�_VA�/?@?T�62�_LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<3` k 8 �"')')#&0A�9:;.$�E84�^LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�d#&5N# %)#4�/8&�c<(,/#&%e>98&,A#&VA5$>3�c6$�c�I�98&84�d0G#4<(>3�c�I%�:;.$�84� Q ,A.N�I84��U 0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�¦6$��!$� �/<(�*5$��<D,A# %@!N�A<C�95�?@�9<(.$')�j62���I,A'(')#4V/�3'C! ,A.$'T6$�9<!N�"'��"?@H3%(')�9<_62��8B�@Q-,/.N�38&�C6$,/5$5$>=<3` 8 5Î62#B<D!-,A<(#&%(#&Lh6PO �/#462�1U@84�¦�3,/5G0/�9'(VA�35N�3�S�=<Z%K62,/5N�5$>9�3�9<)<(�/#&')�/`Pno�k%(�9?@!N<C6[O �/�9�I'),2���$�k<D�¦62>=�I,A?T!-,A<(�¦�"#45N<(#e�95�6$�3.2l�!N�"'(%(#4� Oo84�k%)�3?@!N<62�¦')�9���$�9')���N�T62�=<�Q-,/5N<�!N�"'��"?@HI%)'(�=<k©M#48�<9O �/V/#&%��35 VA>35$>9')�/8f62�k84� �3�"! �/�I#&%(>k62.�§ 8 %)'(�'(>=<D,A5$5N�/5A%J62. *S�,+a­f�I%E8&�c%(�3?@!N<E:;.PO #&8-L´�/.2%EUC84�CQ ,A.N�I84�c!-,/.N'E�A�3�3'(,2���$�9'f! ,A.$'E�I�I%(%(��I,A52§NV/.N')�"%(#4,/5P`

�E�\�E�X� jC� �^�e�S¤[�Z�� �e�P�N�$�e�c�(�D�D�<�e���d���S�c�h�A� £�c�%�_�(�G�Z�e¥ �o¥��2�D¡P�$�no�1Q ,A.N�I84�KU10/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�d62�K!$�N�A<D�aUT62#&0G#B<D#4,/5*�35;%(#4H3')�S�=<Z%E.2%)#&84#4<(>3�K!-,/.$'EV/>95$>3')�3'.$5+<D#4V/5 �"8[6[O .$5$�aLM')>9:;.$�35 �I� B 4 � X ?C.$8&%(#4!$84��62�^�I�98&84�^62.+<D#4V/5N�/8[62�^'(>3LM>3')�35N�3� B ;/`Ngc,/.N<�35�%('),/.$0A,/5N<E6$�/5N<J8&�=<_�I#4')�3.$#&%)<_62�K%(�9'(?@#45N�".$l*?@,/Q$#48&�=<E5$,/'�6*�/?@>3')#4�9�"#45�62�a8B�15N,/')?T�k Z;] �A� I K�LX`<Z2�^')�"YZ,/.2%)�K�/.j<(FG5$,/!2%)#4:;.$��6PO .$5N�^Q ,A.N�I84�^U10A�3')'(,A.$#48&8B�"VA�S62�^!$� �/<(�a<(#4?T!N8&�!$')>9<(�35;%(>9��!$')>9�3>962�9?@?T�95;%T.$562#40G#4<(�3.$'¦6$��LM')>9:;.$�95N�I��©M! �"' � ­1�35;%(')��84� <(,/'(%(#4�j62.*S�,+��3%c62.Î�I,A?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'d62�^!N�N�/<(�I]XLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�k©´�RL�§NV ` «2`4¬/¬b­R`Nno�9<d<(#4V/5N�/.2l*#45N�I#B62�35;%�". �3,/?@!N�/')�"%(�3.N'¦>I%��"5;%j�A<(<(�3')0G#4<k�95 !$�N�A<D� �I%��35 LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�Î84,/'�<):A.N�Î84��Q ,A.N�I84� U�/�9�I'),G���N>3�/WG84�^<D#4V/5N�/8P62��<(,/'(%(#4�S0i�". 62')�@62,A5N� B 4 � X 1 � B ;/`

CP Filtre VCOf0

ϕvcovcei

Div N

ϕ0

ϕdiv

+

Quartz

(<),+ - «$`&¬A¬ .aZGFG5$,A!2%(#B:;.$��6[O .$5$�^Q-,/.N�38&�^U@0/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�c6$�^!$�N�/<(�^U@62#&0G#B<D#4,/5j�35;%)#&H9'(����I%D%)�d�"'����$#&%(�9�I%(.$')�J5PO �=<Z%f! �/<h�"!N!$'(,A!$')#&>9��!-,/.$'h8B�K5$,/')?@� � Z ���9�"'h5$,A.N<h�".N'(#4,/5N<Q �=<D,A#&5�6[O .N5$�dLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�c6$�c')>ILM>3')�35 �I�c62� ? UYU�� 3 . !-,/.N'�QN�/84�bFA�3'h8B��QN�/5N62� � Z�� ` �c�

Page 46: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� ���%�z� ��)( ��� � ���%�����)(� �z���� � !"� ���"�"� �/� !"��zJ�D � � #���2���% � ���������������!$84.N<9W[8&�=<a�3�"! �/�I#&%(>=<a62. § 8 %)'(�k62�@Q-,/.N�38&�@�35NV/�35 62'(�95;%K.$5N�T?@,262.$8B�i%)#&,A5 6[O �"?@!$84#&%(.N62�U�8\O �35;%(')>3� 62. *S�,+ 62. L´�"#&%�6$� 84�3.$'�LM.$#&%(�A`Eno�9<j�3�/!N�/�3# %)>9<jU L´�"#4Q$84�9<�! �9'D%)�9<�<(,/5;%VA>35$>9')�/8&�9?T�95;%h�A<(<(� �c0/,/84.$?@#45$�3.N<(�9<f�I%e5$�S! �9.$0/�95;%�MI%)'(�d#45;%(>9V/')>3�9<e6$�"5N<e8&�S�I#4')�3.$# %=`Ano�§N8&%(')�16$�1Q-,/.N�38&�j©M!N�A<(<(�I]¨QN�A<)­E!-�3')?@�I%^6[O �i%D%)>35G.$�9'S84�1!N�$>35$,A?@H35$�T<D#�8B�kLM')>9:;.$�35 �I�16$�?@,262.$8B�i%)#&,A5 �=<Z%C<(.DC¦<(�/?@?T�95;%�V/'��"5N62�k62�90i�"5;%^84�jLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�k62�*�3,/.$!N.$'(�k62. §N8&%(')�/`mh�"'(%(#4'S6PO .$5N�CLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�T62� ? ��� 3 . <(�3'��"#&%c8XO #B62>=�"8h�3�/'c84�9<K:A. �"'(%��9<S�I,A'(')�9<(! ,A5N6$�/5A%�<<(,/5;%¦Q-,/5?k�"'����$>+�I%*8B� LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�+�9<D%*>98&,A#&VA5$>3�Î62�+8B��LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�Î62� �I,/.N!$.$')�Î62.§N8&%(')��©´:;.$�38B:;.$�9<a62# �9�/#&5N�9<a62� � 3 . ! ,A.$'a.$5$�@Q-,/.N�38&�@U*0A�3')'(,A.$#48&8B�"VA�C62�@!$�N�A<D�T6[O .N5%)')�/5N<D?@�3%D%(�9.$' � Z�� ­I`om�,/.N'�<DFG5;%(�$>3%(#B<D�9'�62�9<^LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�9<^�b0/�=�@62�9<^! �/<^62� ? U\U�� 3 .�b0A�9�^.$5 %(�98�:;.N�/'D%H�/W #&8��9<D%a5$>9�3�9<)<(�/#&')�C62�1?C.$8&%(#4!$84#&�9'K8B�kLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�T62�T'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�C!N�/'.$5+5N,/?CQN'(�^LM'��/�I%(#4,/5$5N�38X` �SO �9<D%c! ,A.$'S�3�9<c')�/#4<(,/5N<c:A.N��8&�=<dQ-,/.N�38&�=<cUk0A�3')'(,A.$#48&8B�"VA�a6$�!$� �/<(�aU@62#40G#4<(#4,/5�LM')�A�R%(#4,/5N5$�3848&�a,A5A%_>3%(>��I,A5 �I.N�9<9`q@r�� � ������j� �I| ��|E������������-�A��| }j| � x���{y| }���� �I{ ���v

�b�����fw����vjv�|4���3|�E���E�D� � �N�(¥c¤[�Z�^�y�ZG# 8XO ,A5¦5$�S<)�"#&%�! �/<eL´�"#4'(�d.N5$�K6$#&0G#B<D#4,/5kLM'��/�I%(#4,/5$5N�3848&�d#45N<D%)�/5A%��"5$>9?@�35;%9W;#&8-!-,A<)<D#4Q$84�62�J8B�dL´�/#&')�e�951?@,iF/�95$5$�J<D.$'�.$5T#&5;%)�3')0b�/8&84��6$��%)�3?@!N<9`�+S5C'��iYZ,/.$%(��6$,/5N��.$5@�I,/5;%)'��A8&�9.$'62�_62#40G#4<(#4,/5@US8XO �"'����$# %)�9�I%(.$')�J6$�J8B�KQ ,A.N�I84�_UK0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA��62�E!$� �/<(�EUa62#40G#4<(#4,/5T�35;%(#4H3')�!$')>9�3>962�95;%(�k©ª§NV `N«2`4¬=«A­R`

CP Filtre VCOf0

Σ∆

ϕvcovcei

ϕdiv

ϕ0

+

Div

Quartz

Controleur

K

(<),+�- «2`4¬=« .^ZGFG5$,/!2%)#4:;.$�K6[O .$5$�cQ-,/. �I84�SU^0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�_62�S!$�N�A<D�cU162#40;#B<(#&,A5@LM')�A�R%(#4,/5$]5$�98&84�

� � �&�YyAu�svr w � nno��?C.$8&%(#4!$84#4�9�i%)#&,A5 LM'��/�R%)#&,A5$5$�98&84� 62� 8B�7LM')>9:;.$�95N�I� 62� ')>ILM>9'(�95N�I� B ;�<D� L´�"#&%j�95�/8 %)�3')5N�"5;%E84�T0i�"84�3.$'_62�a8B�@62#&0G#B<D#4,/5�©M! �"' � W � � 4 `&`4` ­J62�^8B�CLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�a6$.�<(#4V/5N�/8 6$�<(,/'(%(#4�K6$. *S�,+ ©ª§NV ` «2`4¬ � ­R`nP,A')<):;.$�e8B�dQ-,/. �I84�J�A�3�I'),2���$�/W984�S?@,iF/�95$5$��6$��8B�dLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�JUc8B�c<(,/'(%(#4��6$.T62#40G#4<(�3.N'B ! 4J>3V;�"84�e8B�_LM')>9:;.$�35 �I��6$��')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�A`9gd,A.N<��35C6$>962.$#B<(,/5N<�:;.$��8B�_LM')>9:;.$�95N�I��?@,iF/�35N5$�

Page 47: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�_� ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%���

moy

to

erreur fréquentielle instantannée

fdiv

fvco/(N+1)

fdiv

fvco/Nt

(*),+�- «2`4¬ � . �$')>9:;.$�95N�I�^UT84�@<(,/'(%(#4�^62.+62#&0G#B<D�9.$'

U_8B�_<D,A'D%)#&�e6$. *S�,+ B 4 � X �9<D%y>3V;�"84�f�".a!$'),262.$#&%�62�f8B�ELM')>9:;.$�95N�I�f62.1<D#4V/5N�/8/62�f')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�!N�"'_8B�T?@,iF/�35N5$���T62�^8B�@62#&0G#B<D#4,/58 5*�3,/5;%(';�/84�3.$'S©MV/>95$>3'��"84�3?@�95A%f.N5��<1�WA62,A5A%�5$,/.N<e0/�9'('),/5N<f8&�=<f!$')#&5 �I#4!N�".2l@�b0i�"52]%)�/V/�9<�.$8&%(>9'(#4�3.$')�3?@�95A%R­f62>3%(�9'(?@#45$�S84�9<�0i�"84�3.$'�<J62�9<J62#40;#B<(#&,A5N<��/.*�I,A.$'�<�62.*%(�9?T! <3`2no�0i�"84�3.$'E?@,iF/�95$5$�a62�a84�T62#40;#B<(#&,A5��C6$>3!-�35N6�6[O .$5j?T,/%_Q$#&5 �"#4'(���°6$� � Q$#&%)<_�3,/?@?k�"52]6$�"5;%a8&�k�3,/5;%(';�/84�3.$'=` nP�9<KQ-,/.N�38&�=<^U*0A�3')'(,A.$#48&8B�"VA�C62�T!$�N�/<(�@Uj6$#&0G#B<D#4,/5 LM')�A�R%(#4,/5N5$�3848&�<D,A5;%E8B�"')V/�9?@�35;%J')>3! �"5N62. <_6$�"5N<E84�9<_<(F2<Z%)H3?@�9<_6$�^')�A62#&,/]¨�3,/?@?C.N5$#4�9�i%)#&,A5P`no�C6$# p >3')�35N�3�c�95A%)'(�c84�C?T,iFA�35$5N�c62>9<(#4'(>9�d�I%E84��0b�/8&�9.$'J#&5N<D%)�/5;%)�"5N>3�c62�S84�162#40;#B<(#&,A5'(�9!$')>9<(�35;%(�Î.N5$� �9'(')�3.$'j62��:A. �"5;%(#&§ �3�"%(#4,/5P`JnP� Q$').$# %�62��:A. �"5;%(#&§ �3�"%(#4,/5 5PO �9<D%�!N�/<§N8&%(')>*!N�/'18B� Q-,/. �I84��6[O �/<)<D�9'(0G#B<(<(�3?@�95A%1�I%k<D��'(�3%('),/.$0A�*62,/5 �*U 84� <D,A'D%)#&�j62. *S�,+1`�SO �=<Z%f!-,/.N'):;.$,A#\W",[email protected]%(#48&#B<(�_8&�d!N8&.N<e<D,A.$0/�95A%h84�9<h?@,262.$8B�i%)�3.$'�<f<(#&VA?k�i] 62�38&%)�@© 1��E­IWA:;.$#,/5;%_84�T!$'),/!N'(#4>I%)>a6$�a§N8 %)'(�9'_8&�^QN'(.$#&%d62��:;.N�"5;%)# § �9�i%)#&,A5�QN�A<(<(�KLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�FI «$¬ Ly�I,A?@?T�8\O �Il2!$84#B�I#&%(�K84�C§NV/.N'(�a«2`4¬ � ` ZG.$'_�I�3%D%)�c§NVA.$')�c�9<D%E'(>9!$'(>=<D�95;%(>c84�K5$#&0A�9�/.¦'(�984�"%(#&Le©M�95 = � ­62. Q$'(.N# %�62�k:;.N�"5;%)# § �9�i%)#&,A5 <(.$'a8&�k62,A?@�/#&5N�T62�=<KLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<K!N�/'K'��"!N! ,A'D%^�". Q$'(.N# %62��:;.N�"5;%)# § �9�i%)#&,A5�UT84�TLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�^6[O >9��� �"5;%(#48&84,/5N5N�"VA�K62.��<1 ©´#4�3# � 4�� d � � 3 . ­)�

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

−120

−100

−80

−60

−40

−20

0

Frequences en Hz

Pui

ssan

ce d

e br

uit e

n dB

Bruit de quantification a la sortie d’un Σ∆ d’ordre 1

# $&%H'�(�*Ym�,q=�4�d9d90Yo 69BC4_5s;+p���d9p�BC6�;+0�z7pk8"5769B}iMoY8W69BC4_5

.\0<��d9p�B}6�;�0<z7pk8�576eBCiMof8"6eBA4�5/�&d9bYz7p�0Y576eBA0f?\8"pk:�20f576e0<x^20YEep�de0<z7p�0<?C0�E��&deb�z7p�0f5kof0YEotd94�B{EeEe0f576�*��~d/of4�220�5�4�pkE?A0���0Yded94�5kE^@k8�dh?A8 Eep�BC6e0���BA?l@c4�p�d9dr8� f6ed90siM?}69deb @k8�dh?A8�M4_pkot?A0�*

Page 48: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� ���%�z� ��)( ��� � ���%�����)(� �z���� � !"� ���"�"� �/� !"��zJ�D � � #���2���% � ���������������[ 8XO #4?k�"V/�^62�=<JLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<9W25$,/. <E! ,A.$0/,A5N<E>9�3'(#4'(�)O

� 4 � X 1 � � ! 4 ©\«2`4¬ � ­�f5+�I,A5N<(#462>9')�/5;%J8XO �3l2!$'(�=<(<(#4,/5+«2`4¬ � WG8XO >=:;.N�i%)#&,A5�«$` � 62�90;#4�35;% O

3 *6,7. 1 � 4 � X�%; *-,/. 1 � 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $ *-,/., � � � 4 � X � � ! � � !*)*+,7 $A*6,7. ©\«2`4¬ � ­no��LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5 62�T%)')�/5N<ZLM�9'D%KL´�"#&%C�"!N!N�"'��:9B%(')�C84�TL´�/�R%)�3.$'�6$�@6$#&0G#B<D#4,/5 � ©\�I,/?@?@� �<(�3'��"#&%f�"!$!N�/'(.k6$�/5N<f84�c�9�/<f6[O .$5$�cmenonÎUC62#&0G#B<D#4,/5@�95A%)#&H9'(�b­R` +S5T!-�3.$%J62>DYDU^0/,A#&'d©´5$,/.N<�/8&84,/5N<e8&�K62>I%��"#48&84�3'J!N�/'e8B�C<(.$# %)�=­e:A.N�c!-,/.$'E62�9<eLM')>9:;.$�35 �I�9<J�I,A?@!$'(#B<(�9<e6N�"5N<e84�CQN�"5N6$�!N�A<(<)�"5;%)�(�&4 � X 1 � �%;A` k 8 �=<Z%�6$,/5N�_!N'(>3LM>3'��"Q$84�/W/<(#N84�S<(#4V/5N�/8N62�d')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�d�=<Z%�Q$'(.NFA�"5;%=W62�T?@#&5N#&?@#B<D�9' �G`~[c#&5N<(#XW-�95ÎLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5 62�=<SQN'(.$#&%)<a62. �I#4')�3.$#&%9W-L´�".N6$')�"]\%(]X#48�6$>I%(�9'(?@#45$�3':;.$�984<E!N�/')�/?@HI%(')�9<J5$,A.N<E!-�3')?T�3%D%)�35;%c62�a?@#&5$#4?@#4<(�3'c8&�^Q$').$#&%dU18B�k<(,/'(%(#4�/`

�E���E�\� j���¤[�Z�N¤[�S� �l�m�� ���no��!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�k�35�Q$').$#&%162�¦8B��menon 62>3!-�35N67�35�V/'��"5N6$�k!N�"'(%(#4�¦62. *S�,+1`ono�?@,/5;%��"V/�¦6$����,/84!$#&%D%�<1�3,/?@?@�¦5$,/. <�8XO �b0A,/5N<^0G.7!N'(>=�I>96$�3?@?@�35;%T�+!N8&.N<(#4�3.$'�<C�b0i�"5$]%��"V/�=<3`�Z2�KVA')�/5N62��LM,/'��I�J'(>=<D#B62�_6$�"5 <�84�K!$')>9<(�35N�3�J6PO .$5@')>9<(,/5N�"%(�9.$'�n�� 6$�/5N<�8B�SQ-,/. �I84�62�a')>I%)'(,;�/�R%)#&,A5PW2�I�^:;.$#P84.$#P!-�3')?@�I%c62�K%(')H9<dQ ,A5$5$�9<E!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�9<J�35�Q$').$#&%9`

l�m �zr�� rtn=m x�ymf')�35$,A5N<^8XO �3l2�3?@!$84�¦6[O .N5�6$#&0G#B<D�9.$'^!N�"' �����"��� ©ª§NV `y«2`4¬ � ­R`�ZG,A5 LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5$5$�9?T�95;%')�3!-,A<(��<(.$'k62�3.$l�!$')#&5N�3#&!-�9<�Oh8B��62#&0G#B<D#4,/5�6[O .$5�?1.$8&%(#4!$8&� � !N�"#4'k6[O .N5$�jLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3��3%a84�@V/84#4<)<(�3?@�35;%^6[O .N5$�k! >9'(#4,262�k62.�<D#4V/5N�/8h6[O �95;%(')>3�@8&,A')<):;.$�T5$,/.N<a0A,/.$84,/5 <c,AQ2%(�95$#&'84�9<¦6$#&0G#B<D#4,/5N<¦!N�"' ��#4?@!N�"#4'=`�nfO �35 <D�9?CQ$84�+�9<D%��I,A?@! ,;<D>Î6[O .$5 62#40G#4<(�3.N'*<DFG5N���N'(,A5$��3%a6[O .$5�62#40;#B<(�3.$'^�/<(FG5N���$'),/5$�H� 6$�/5N<K5$,"%)'(�T�3�/<9W 84�*LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�@6[O �95;%(')>3�C�=<Z%�6[O �"Q-,/'�662#40G#4<(>3�*!N�"'18&�j62#&0G#B<D�9.$'@<DFG5N���$'),/5N�ΩM!N�/' � ­RW�!$.$#B<C')�ZYZ,A#&5;%C.$5�62#40;#B<(�3.$'T�/<(F;5 ���$'(,A5$�©´!N�"'@¬ � ­R`y���k62�9'(5$#4�3'��A�R%)#&,A5$5$�@.$5 V/84#4<)<D�9?@�35;%�6[O .N5$�@! >9'(#4,262�k:A. �"5N6 <D�=< � <D,A'D%)#&�=<0i�"84�35;% �3¬/¬A¬/¬��a©M84��¬ � H3?@�E>I%)�"%�62.k�I,A?@!2%(�9.$'�­f:A. �"5N6¦��� � 8&,A')<):;.$�_8XO ,A5@<(,/.N�N�"#&%(�_.$5N�62#40G#4<(#4,/5j!N�"' ��� `

l�m p\oc����uDyAuDwqm xzy/�zm �%u�nqm8 5 �I,A?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'j62� !N�N�/<(� <(�3.N8S5$��!-�3')?@�I%�!N�/<�6[O �/<)<D�9'(0G#4'��3,/')'(�=�R%(�9?@�35;%*8B�Q-,/.N�38&�_UK0/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�e6$�J!N�N�/<(�/`A���984�S%(#4�35;%f�".$lC8&#4�35 <��35;%(')�E84�S!$�N�A<D�E�I%f8B�cLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�©´>9:-`N«2`4¬ � ­e�3%c�".�L´�"#&%c:;.$�a8&�=<_�3')'(�9.$'�<e#45$#&%(#B�"84�9<(� * U .J�I% B * U .J62,/#40/�95;% M3%(')�^�I,/')')#&VA>3�9<9`� *5EJ. 1 � * U . � � +; B *,�T. = � ©\«2`4¬ � ­

Page 49: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� K ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%���

QD

H

B

Q

QD

H

B

Q

QD

H

B

Q

QD

H

B

Q

Q

QD

H

B

Q

QD

H

B

C

Q

QD

H

B

Diviseur assynchrone par 16

Diviseur synchrone par 4 ou 5

f entrée

f sortie

(<),+�- «$`&¬ � . �S#40;#B<(�3.$'_!N�/' ��� �W���k 8;�=<Z%�5$>=�I�9<)<)�"#4'(�e6PO .2%)#&84#B<D�9'y.$5T�I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'o!N�N�/<(�I]XLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�f!$84.2%��/%�:;.PO .$5T�I,/?T]!N�"'��i%)�3.$'E62�a!$�N�A<D�a�3�/'_�I�a62�3')5$#4�3'E5$�a! �9.2%d�/<)<D�9'(0G#4'J�3,/')'(�=�R%)�3?@�35;%J:;.$�^62�=<E<D#4V/5N�/.2l62>3!N�N�/<(>9<E?k�"#B<d62�C?)M9?@�9<ELM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<3` �S��!$84.N<9W$84�k�9�"'��/�I%(>3')#B<Z%)#4:;.$�^�I,A.$'��"5;% � �3')'(�9.$'62�¦!$� �/<(�k�9<D%C.$5$�kLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5 ! >9'(#4,262#B:A.N�*6$�"5 <^8&���3�/<C6[O .N5��I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'�62�¦!N�N�/<(�/`�SO �=<Z%¦!-,/.N'):;.$,A#d#&8S�9<D%*62>9�3,/5N<(�3#4848&>Î62� 8\O .2%(#484#4<(�3'¦84,/'�<):A.N�j8B��LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�Î<(FG5A%)�$>I%)#4<(>3�#&5N# %)#4�/8&�^�=<Z%_84,/#45�6$�K8B�1LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3��62�a'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�/`l�m2pYoM����uDyAuDw=m xzyl�%m<� %u�n=m � � y�� |~x%m �zpYm n3�9������� nP�f�I,A?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'[62�f!N�N�/<(�I]LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<E�=<Z%d�I,A?@! ,;<D>^62��62�9.2l*QN�A<(�3.$84�9<:���3%c6[O .N5$�^! ,A'D%)�^gc�"5 6 ©M§NVN`N«$`&¬ � ­I`

QH

R

D

QH

D

R

PdVco

Référence

"1"

"1"

Pu

(*),+�- «2`4¬ � .���,/?@!N�/')�"%(�3.N'J62�^!N�N�/<(�I]XLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�ZG.$!$!-,A<(,/5N<�:;.PO Ud8XO ,A'(#4V/#45$��6$�9<o%(�3?@!N<9W=%(,A.N<o84�9<�<(#&VA5N�".$la<(,/5;%y5G.$8B<9`=[�8\O �b0/H95$�3?@�95A%62. LM'),/5;%�?@,/5;%)�/5A%�62. !N'(�9?T#4�3'�©M! �"'��Il2�3?@!$84� 8&��<D#4V/5 �"8a62� ')>ILM>9'(�95N�I� �I,A?T?@� 8&�?@,/5;%(')��8B�@§NV/.N'(�C«$`&¬ � ­RW 84�*<D,A'D%)#&� ��� 62�C8B�kQN�A<(�3.$8&�C�Il$�I#&%(>�!N'(�95N6�84�¦0b�/8&�9.$'S6$�� O4 ©vZ2�k<(,/'(%(#4�S�=<Z%cU 4 O$#48P�9<D%d�35��b0i�"5N�3�=­S` ���+')�9<D%(�^U 4 YZ.N<(:;.PO �".jLM'),/5;%_?@,/5;%)�/5A%d62.<D#4V/5 �"8f62�¦<(,/'(%(#4�k62. *S�,+ �I% � = !N�/<)<(�@U 4 >3V;�"84�3?@�35;%=`[m��A<^!-,/.$'a%)'(H=<^8&,A5$V"%)�3?@!N<�I�9! �95N6$�"5;%@�3�"'1�I�9<T62�9.2l�<(,/'(%(#4�9<�©´62��0i�"84�3.$' 4 ­^�A�R%(#4,/5N5$�35;%18B�+')>3#45$#&%(#B�"84#4<)�i%)#&,A5�6$�9<QN�/<)�I.N8&�=<1©´0;#B��84��! ,A'D%)�TgS�"5N6 ­R`[�f5��I,A5N�I84.N<(#&,A5PW-<(.$'a8B�*!$')�3?@#4H3')�1<(,/'(%(#4�1�3# %)>3�/W[5N,/.N<

Page 50: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� ���%�z� ��)( ��� � ���%�����)(� �z���� � !"� ���"�"� �/� !"��zJ�D � � #���2���% � ������������� ��b0A,/5N<E.$5N��#&?k�/V/��62.Î62>9!$�N�A<(�/V/�^62�9<S62�3.$l�<(#&VA5N�".$l W$%)�"5 62#4<S:;.$�^84�¦?T,A5;%(>3��U 4 <D.$'8B�@62�3.2l2#4H3?@�^<D,A'D%)#&�^<9O �=<Z%dU@!-�3#45$�aL´�"#&%_'(�9?k�"'�:A.N>3�/`

t

Vco

Référence

Pu

Pd

(<),+ - «$`&¬ � . [c<)<(�3')0;#B<)<D�9?T�95;%E62�^8B�T!$�N�A<D�a�I%c6$�^84�1LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�EJ#&�95*:;.$�c84�dQ$').$#&%J62.��I,/?@!N�/')�"%(�9.$'e62�S!$�N�/<(�c�3l2#4<D%(�d5N,/.N<e8&�S5$>3VA8&#4V/�9'(,A5N<f62�90b�/5;%�3�384.$#[V/>95$>3')>a!N�"'E8B�@! ,A?T!-��62�^���N�/'(VA�/`

l�u`��oc����mq�%m p zuDyW�7mnP�e'(>=<D.$8&%)�"%y62��84�d�3,/?@!N�/')�/#4<(,/5K�35^%)�35N<(#4,/5^�9<D%��3,/5G0/�9'D%)#"�35��3,/.$'��"5;%o! �"'P8B�_!-,/?@! �62�1���N�"')V/���b0i�"5;%S6PO M3%(')�C#45A%)>3VA'(>�! �"'c84��§ 8 %)'(�C6$�CQ-,/.N�38&�A`-no�9<K62�3.2l+<(,/'(%(#4�9<c6$. ��m ��3,/5;%(';�/84�35;%E84�@���N�/'(VA�S,A.�8B�@62>9���N�/'(VA�S�95+�I,/.N')�/5A%_62.j§N8&%(')�^62�^Q ,A.N�I84�¦©ª§ VN`N«2`4¬qK;­R`

de phasefréquences

Vcc

Vvco

DétecteurV

Pd

in

de boucleFiltre

I cp

I cp

Vctrl

Pu

(<),+ - «$`&¬=K�.¦m�,/?@!-��62�^���N�"')V/�no�T!-,/?@!-�C62�����N�/'(VA�S�=<Z%c�3,/5N<D%(#&%(.$>9�^62��62�3.$lj<(,/.$'��I�=<J6$���I,/.N')�/5A%=`$nP,A')<):;.$�Sme.0i�".$%��I¬���W$.N5$�C<(,/.$'��I�^62�C�3,/.$'��"5;%d���N�/'(VA�K84�^§N8&%(')��62��Q-,/. �I84�/` no,/'�<(:;.$�ame6�0i�/.2% �3¬��RW84�j�3,/.$'��"5;%T�9<D%k6$')�/#&5$>jU 84� ���N�"')V/��62.�§ 8 %)'(�A`fnfO �/<)<D�9'(0G#B<(<(�3?@�35;%C>3%)�/Q$8&#XW�84� !-,/?@! �62����� �"')V/�a�9<D%d%(�N>3,/')#B:A.N�3?@�35;%d#45N�/�I%(#40/�/` ���3!-�35N6$�/5;%S62�3.$lj!$�N>35$,A?TH95$�9<dQ$'(.N# %)�35;%c8B�%)�35N<(#&,A5 6$�¦�I,/5;%)'��A8&�k62. *S�,+1`PnP�=<��3�/!N�/�3# %)>9<SLM.$#4�35;%�%),/.iYZ,A.$')<a.N5 !-�3. �3%C�I�984�j#4?1]!$84#B:A.N�c:;.$�d8B�^! ,A?@! �K62�S���N�/'(VA�E5PO �=<Z%yYD�"?k�"#B<f�3,/?@!$84HI%(�9?@�35;%J�/.k'(�9! ,;<3` �S�c!N8&.N<9W;.$5

Page 51: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� � ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%���Q$').$# %K�IF2�I84,"] <Z%��i%)#&,A5$5N�"#4')�SUk8B�TLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3��62���I,A?@!N�"'��"#B<D,A5j6����/.2lj�3#&'��I.N# %�<_8&,AV/#B:;.$�9<62.+�I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'J�Il2#4<D%(�A`l�m��s wqyAm

���$,/#B<D#B<)<D,A5N<*84� �3�A<�6[O .$5�§N8&%(')� ! �/<)<D#&L1U�%('),/#B<*!��/84�9<j�I%+.$5 �3>9'(,�©ª§NV `c«2`4¬ �N` �;­62,/5N5N�"5;%d.$5$�CQ ,A.N�I84�C6[O ,/'�62')� � `NnP�=<d0i�"84�3.N')<_62�=<c�9�"!N�A�I#&%(>9<E�3%S62�=<d')>9<(#4<D%)�/5N�I�=<_<D,A5A%62>I%)�3')?@#&5$>9�9<1�35�LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5�6$�9<1!N�"'��"?@HI%)'(�=<C62�j8B�ÎQ-,/.N�38&��62>9<(#4'(>=<+O?� 4 � X W?� � ! W B �LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�Î62�ÎV;�"#456$�ÎQ ,A.N�I84�Î.$5N# %��"#4'(�AW B�� LM')>9:;.$�95N�I� 62.$�3>9'(, W B!�3�3848&� 6$. ! �A8&�!$')#&5N�3#&! �"8�© B � 1 � B��:B

!­R`[no�k?k�/'(VA��62�CV;�"#45 62�C8B�kQ-,/.N�38&�1�I%a<(�k?k�/'(VA�C62�C!N�N�/<(�/W�I,A5N62#&%(#4,/5�6[O .N5$��<Z%��"Q$#484# %)>�<D,A5A%_,A!2%(#4?@#4<(>3�=<E8&,A')<):;.$� B � i\B���� ? `

i i

R1

C1

C2 C3

R2

C1

R1i C2

R2

C3

n1 n2

n

a b

±E²´³eµ[¶2·4¸���¹�Á4 ¼$<(¾�Æ$¾�@ ¿AÐNÀIÂ4¾ÇP¾60�ÑiÃ/Â&¾9Ð/<$0�Æ2¾_À3¿�B@È ¿C0(Ã/Ä;¼�À*�$¿AÁ+0(Á4¾609É=Á4Â/<)¾60D¼(¾EÍKÑ/¿/Á+<�Â&¾9Ð/<fÀI¿AÄA¼$<(Á�@$Ð2¼)Á&¿AÄ1¾9ÄC@ <(Ð$Á&¼h¾I¼Æ2¾X06= Ã�020(Ð/<)¾�<��AÐ�= Á4Â$Ä�= ¾60D¼fÈNÃ�0�8��3ÄNÃ/Ä;¼9·"ÇP¾4@ <(Ð$Á&¼Y: �;Ð$Á4ÑiÃ"Â4¾3Ä;¼f¾3Ä@ÀI¿AÐ/<)Ã/Ä;¼� ���Ë'& 8 ·A¶2·4¸��N· @ Ì

<)Ã�B@¾3Ä/:^ÍTÂ^= ¾3Ä;¼$<2:9¾I0(¾^À3Ã/Â4À3Ð$Â&¾a¾9Ä�Ã/È$È$Â4Á��;ÐNÃ/Ä;¼EÂ4¾IB@¿GÆ$½3Â4¾�Æ2¾��d¿�<D¼)¿/Ä�Ã"Ð�ÀIÁ+<)À3Ð$Á ¼=·ÅSÃ/Ä 0dÂ4¾�À3Ã�0dÆ= Ð$Ä$¾A@-¿/ÐNÀ3Â&¾�Í@ÑA¾�<$<(¿AÐ$Á4Â&ÂBÃ38A¾SÆ2¾�ÈD�NÃ�0(¾�Æ= ¿�<�Æ(<(¾�¶$É$¾3Ä+¾�9GÈ <(Á+BkÃ"Ä;¼_Â&¾@/<)Ð$Á ¼_¾9Ä01M¿AÄNÀR¼)Á&¿AÄjÆ$¾60EÈNÃ�<)Ã�BT½3¼2<)¾60JÆ2¾aÂ4Ã?@-¿/ÐNÀ3Â&¾AÉ$Ä$¿AÐ 0JÈ ¿AÐ$Ñ/¿AÄ 0�B@¿/Ä;¼2<)¾�<4�;Ð$¾�� ¶������

���� ���� �

!�"$#%'& �

�( ��)� ����d¿/Ð40E¾3Ä�Æ(:9Æ2ÐNÁ+0(¿/Ä 04�;Ð�= Í % ¾I¼ & �B&/9(:609ÉGÂ^= Ã"Ð/8�B@¾3Ä;¼)Ã"¼(Á4¿/Ä�Æ$Ð�8;Ã"Á4Ä�Æ2Ð 79#4:�¾3¼dÂ4ÃÆ2Á+BTÁ4ÄGÐ2¼(Á4¿/Ä+Æ2Ðg8;Ã"Á4ÄjÆ2Ð�ÀI¿�B@ÈNÃ3<�Ãi¼)¾3Ð/<_Æ2¾^È � Ã�0(¾�! 1�<2:��AÐN¾3ÄNÀ3¾KÆ(:68�<�Ã/Æ2¾9Ä;¼JÂ4¾�@/<)Ð$Á ¼=·

*,+.-0/214365�7�8�+$3:9<;>=�?@-A7 16+B5�8�7DCFEHGI#e¿�B@B@¾+Ä$¿/Ð 0¦Â^= ÃbÑ/¿AÄ 0?:3Ñ/¿ �;Ð/:+È/<$:9À�:9Æ2¾6B@BT¾9Ä;¼9ÉhÂBÃl0Z¼$<(ÐNÀI¼(Ð/<)¾JEHG B@Á4Ä$Á+BTÁ10(¾ÎÂ4ÃÀI¿AÄA¼$<(Á�@$Ð2¼)Á&¿AÄjÆ$Ð @/<(ÐNÁ ¼cÆ2¾C�AÐ Ã"Ä;¼(Á�& À3Ã"¼(Á4¿/Ä�Æ2Ð]B@¿2Æ2Ð$ÂBÃi¼(¾9Ð/<cÃ/Ð(9B1�<$: �;Ð$¾3Ä ÀI¾60X<(¾9Â4Ã"¼(Á4Ñ/¾�!

B@¾3Ä;¼C1´Ã/Á�@NÂ&¾T0TÆ$¾3ÑiÃ"Ä;¼�0(à 1�<2:��AÐN¾3ÄNÀ3¾jÆ= �$¿�<(Â4¿�8A¾/·��d¿/Ð401Ã/Â&Â4¿/Ä 0TÁBÀIÁ�<�Ã"È$È-¾3Â4¾�<8�;Ð$¾3 �;Ð$¾60:3Â+:�B@¾3Ä;¼A0�¼ �/:9¿�<)Á��;Ð$¾T0fÃ"& Ä@Æ$¾XB@Á&¾9Ð(9@À3¿�B@È/<)¾3ÄNÆ/<(¾EÂ4¾60fÂ4¾3ÑGÁ4¾�<A0Y0DÐ <fÂ&¾T0 �;Ð$¾9Â+02KZ¿/Ð$¾6<fÈ-¿/Ð/<B@Á&Ä$Á+B@Á+0(¾�<X0)Ã@ÀI¿AÄA¼$<(Á�@$Ð2¼)Á&¿AÄ�¾9Ä @/<(ÐNÁ ¼cÃ/Ð�Ä$Á4Ñ/¾=Ã"Ð�Æ2¾aÂ4Ã�0(¿�<(¼(Á4¾aÆ2¾^Â4Ã?�eÇyÇf·LM9'=ON4P�=RQ,+JS ÇoÃTÆ2Á4ÑGÁ+0(Á&¿AÄ*Æ2¾�T�( ��) ¾60D¼�8�:3Ä/:6<)Ã/Â&¾6BT¾9Ä;¼JÀI¿AÄ;¼2<65/Â+:3¾dÈNÃ�<�ÐNÄ'B@¿2Æ2Ð$ÂBÃ"!¼(¾9Ð/<UEHG�· º2ÃTÑiÃ"Â4¾3Ð/<_¾T0Z¼cÆ2¿AÄ$Ä/:9¾KÈ Ã3<_Ð$ÄgB@¿"¼_Â4¿�8/Á �;Ð$¾^Æ2¾ " @$Á ¼A03· ÇP¾aÈNÃ�0 1�<$: �;Ð$¾9Ä;¼(Á4¾3ÂÑiÃ"Ð2¼cÃ/Â&¿�<$0UV�W !YX Æ2¾aÂ^= Á&Ä;¼)¾�<)ÑbÃ/Â&Â4¾^Æ2¾6041�<2:��AÐN¾3ÄNÀ3¾60\0(»;Ä;¼6�/:I¼)Á+0)à @$Â4¾609·

Page 52: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� ���%�z� ��)( ��� � ���%�����)(� �z���� � !"� ���"�"� �/� !"��zJ�D � � #���2���% � ������������� ¬gd,A.N<h8XO �b0A,/5N<�0G.@!$')>9�3>962�9?T?@�95A%=W",/5T%)'(,A.$0/�E84�_Q$'(.N# %�6$.T?@,262.$8B�i%)�3.$' > � ©´�35$VA�352]62'��"5;%�8&�_QN'(.$#&%e62�_!$� �/<(� � � �"!$')H9<�84�d62#40;#B<(�3.$'R­�6$�"5N<�84�_Q$').$#&%e62�E!$�N�/<(�_Ua84�a<(,/'(%(#4�_62.*S�,+1`-nfO �b0b�/5;%)�"VA��62�@�I��%ZFG!-�162�1?@,G6$.$84�"%(�9.$'S�=<Z%a6[O �b0/,/#4'd.$5 Q$').$# %a62�1:;.N�/5;%(#&§ �3�"]%)#&,A5TQ �/<hUKL´�"#4Q$84�ELM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�/`YZ2,/5@Q$').$# %eU^6$�9<�LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<�!$8&. <h>384�30A>3�9<�')�3?@,A5A%)�E?@�/#4<#48[�9<D%d�i%D%)>35G.$>a!N�/'J84�K§N8&%(')�a6$�KQ-,/. �I84�a:;.$#y<D�a�I,A?T!-,/'(%(�^�3,/?@?@�S.$5j§N8&%(')�a!N�/<)<(�I]¨QN�/<9`�hl$�/?T#45$,A5N<a.$5 �<1 6$. !$'(�9?@#&�9'�,/'�62')�1!-,/.$'C�357�I,A?@!$'(�95N62')�@8&�k!$')#45N�I#4! �A`onfO ,/'�62')��3,/')'(�=<D!-,/5N6+�/.Î5$,A?CQ$')�162�1LM,/#B<K:A.N�18XO ,A5Î#45A%)H3VA'(�184��62# p >3')�35 �I�T�35;%(')�C8B�*<(,/'(%(#4���+�3%8XO �95;%(')>3���o`��S�/5N<_84��62,/?k�"#45$��62�^8B�T%('��"5 <ZLM,A'(?@>3�a�95 . W$84��<DFG5$,A!2%(#B:;.$�^<D�^')�3!N'(>=<D�95A%)��3,/?@?@�1<(.$'a84�¦§NV/.$')�k«2` « � `-nfO #&5 62#4�3�'"J')�3!N'(>=<D�95A%)�C84�1'��"5NV�62�T8\O #&%(>3'��i%)#&,A5 62�@�3�/84�3.$8\`���98&.$#&] �I#P<(�SL´�/# %c�/.�')F;%(�$?@��62�a8XO �N,/')8&,AV/�a62.+<D#4V/?k�i] 62�98 %��1U@8B�1LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3� B

9`

x i yiz−1+

+

+

+

+

e

wi

i

(<),+ - «2` « � .aZG#4V/?k� �c�98 %��k6[O ,/'�62'(�T¬+S5�� O

� ! 1 � ! 5 � ! � ! 1 � ! � * � ! 5 � ! .+S5j! ,;<D� � ! 1 � ! 5 � ! 8B�T?T,262.N84�"%(#4,/5�62�^8\O �3')')�3.$'=`� * . . 1�� * . . * 45 . .

gc,/.N<J!-,/.$0A,/5N<J�Il2!$')#4?T�9'J<)�T62�35N<(#&%(>^<D!-�9�I%('��"84�S�95*LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5j6$�K8B�1?T,iFA�35$5N�K:;.N�A62')�"]%)#4:;.$�_62�E8XO �9'(')�3.$' � 7�8:9 © I «/«:LM­y�I%h8B�cLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�E6[O >9���N�/5;%(#48&84,/5$5 �"V/� B 9 62.1?@,262.$8B�i%)�3.$'�O� * B . 1�� * B .qQ 4�5 � � c���� Q 1 � 7;8:9 � ?B

9?� " � * @ BB

9. ©\«2`4¬ � ­

� F;!N#4:;.$�9?T�95;%9WN.N5+?T,262.N84�"%(�3.N'��<1 �3,/5G0/�9'D%)# %d.N5Î<D#4V/5N�/8o�I,262>1<D.$' � Q$# %�<d�95+.$5�/.2%(')�e<(#&VA5N�"8;�I,262>�<(.$'�?@,/#45N<y6$�eQ$#&%)<�Ob#&8G<3O �"VA# %�6[O .$5C62>9?C.$8&%(#4!$84�Il$�"VA�/`:[ LM')>9:;.$�35 �I��6$��3,/5G0/�9')<(#&,A5¦62,/5N5$>3�AW284�@<(,/'(%(#4�S')���NH3%(�K?@#&�9.2l*8XO �95A%)'(>9�^<D#[�98&84�a�9<D%_�3,262>3�a<D.N'_.$5�VA')�/5N65$,A?CQ$')�c62�SQ$#&%)<9`;ny�C�I,A5$5N�/#4<)<(�/5N�I�d6$.*Q$').$#&%J62�K:A. �"5;%(#&§ �3�"%(#4,/5k�=<Z%_<Z%)')�"%(>9V/#B:A.N�d6$�"5N<84�S62,A?k�"#45$�c62�S84�C?T,262.N84�"%(#4,/5¦5G.$?@>3')#B:A.N�/` �c>3%(�3')?@#&5N,/5N<e8&�K8&#4�35*�35;%(')�d8B�C62#4?@�35N<(#&,A562�K8B�T<(,/'(%(#4� �°�I%_8B�C!N'(>=�I#B<D#4,/5�'(�984�"%(#40/�S�9�"'��/�I%(>3')#B<D>9�d!N�"' / i � 7�8:9 '��"!$!-,/'(%_62.j<(#4V/5N�/8<(.$'_8XO �9'(')�3.$'E?@,iF/�95$5$�A`ZG.$!N! ,;<D,A5N<P:;.$�h8XO �9'(')�3.$'P�E.N5$�f>9:;.$#4!$'),/QN�/Q$#48&#&%(>h62�f0i�/8&�9.$'P6$�"5 <[8\O #45A%)�3')0i�"848&��� 5 1 i�? � 1 i�?�� `ZG#J62�¦!$84.N<9Wy5N,/.N<1<D.$!N! ,;<D,A5N<�:;.$�¦8XO �9'(')�3.N'C�Î62�=<�!$'),/!$')#4>I%(>=<�<D%)�i%)#4<D%(#B:;.$�9<C#&5 62>3!-�352]6$�/5;%(�9<J62.j<D#4V/5N�/8-6PO �95A%)'(>9�1©´?)M9?@�K<(#[�I�38B���=<Z%EV/>95$>3'��"84�3?@�95A%�L´�".2lN­IWG�/8&,A')<e5$,/. <e!-,/.2]0A,/5N<@8XO �A<(<(,2�I#4�3'kU�.$5Q$').$#&% I «A«=LX`JnP�Î<(#&VA5N�"8dU�:;.N�/5A%)# § �3'¦�=<Z%¦8B��62'(,A# %)��� 1 �o` k 8

Page 53: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� « ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%����9<D%T�3,G6$>j<(.$'FKÎQ$#&%)<j©ª§NV `f«2` «2¬=­I`%ZG,A#&�95;% 1°84��!N�A<16$��:;.N�"5;%)# § �9�i%)#&,A57�I% � 7�8:9 8XO �9'D]'(�9.$'C62��:A. �"5;%(#&§ �3�"%(#4,/5P`ygd,/. <�!-,/.$0A,/5N<^�3l2!$'(#4?@�3'�8XO �3')'(�9.$'��35�LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5762.7!N�A<�62�:;.N�"5;%(#&§ �9�i%(#4,/5}O

� c7;8:9 1 41� 6�� c 6�� c � c =��N1

1 c4=? ©X«2`4¬qKA­

23∆

∆2

−2

− 3∆

∆2

∆2

∆2

e

x x

(*),+�- «2` «2¬ .�]S.N�"5;%)# § �9�i%)#&,A5�62�^8XO �9'(')�3.N'm�,A.$'�.$57<(#4V/5N�/8e�I,262>*<(.$'Cg Q$# %�<3Wy,/5�!-�3.2%T�Il2!$')#&?@�3'�<)��0i�"84�3.$'C'(?k< /

7;8:9!N�"'c��c � c 1�`T[c#&5 <D#P84�^'��"!$!-,/'(%E<(#4V/5N�/8P<D.$'_QN'(.$#&%d0i�".2% O

f /7�8:9� 7;8:9

g��� 1�� � � 4 ��� W ©X«2`4¬ �A­nP�^'��"!$!-,/'(%E<9O �"?@>384#&,A'(�a62� ��= � U@���N�A:A.N�SQ$#&%S<(.$!$!$84>3?@�95A%��"#4'(�A`l�m2n=r��c� u3�%m stwqu>� � oTyW�zy:m l�� nfO ,/'�62')�h62.�<D#4V/?k�"]¨62�98 %��E�I,/')')�9<(! ,A5N6S�/.a5$,/?1Q$'(�6[O �/�3�3.$?C.N84�"%(�3.N')<E�3�A<(�9�/62>=<3`2neO >=:A. �i%(#4,/5+«2`4¬ � 62�90;#4�35;%2O�0* B . 1 � * B . ``` 4�5 � � c ��� ``` - 1 � 7�8:9 � ?B

9

f ? " � f @ BB g"g - ©X«2` « � ­nP�dQ$').$#&%e�".$VA?@�35;%(�dUa?@�9<(.$')�d:;.$�_8&�=<hLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<h�".$VA?T�95;%(�35;%f0A�3'�< B i\? ` �S�/5N<8&�T�3�A<S6[O .$5 � [cg ,/. 6[O .$5 �Jg�[�W #48��9<D%S5$>=�I�9<)<)�"#4'(�C6$�C§N8&%(')�3'K84�1<(#&VA5N�"8E©ª§N8&%(')�@62>9�3# ]?k�i%(�9.$'R­f�i%(%(>95;. �"5;%�84�cQ$').$#&%��N�/.2%(�SLM')>9:;.$�35 �I�/`��S�/5N<�8&�a�3�A<e62.j�I,/5;%)'��A8&�d62.j62#40;#B<(�3.$'6[O .$5$�^menyn LM')�A�R%(#4,/5N5$�3848&�^gCWN�I�K§N8&%('��"VA�K�=<Z%_')>9�/8&#B<D>K!N�/'_8&�a§N8&%(')�^62�^Q-,/.N�38&�A`ZG,/#&% � c; 84�@!$.N#4<)<(�/5N�I��6PO �9'(')�3.$'S6$�"5N<c84�@Q �"5N62�162��?@,262.$8B�i%(#4,/5 � U �:� B ; � `�+S5Î<(.$!2]! ,;<D�^:;.$� B ;� B O

� c; 1 � � �; Q � * B .qQ c = B�P; 1 � 7;8<9 @ -

� ?�� � 4 *���/ � . - � c ©X«2` «2¬=­

Page 54: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� ���%�z� ��)( ��� � ���%�����)(� �z���� � !"� ���"�"� �/� !"��zJ�D � � #���2���% � ���������������+hZ�� '(�9!$'(>=<D�95;%(��84�T�3,G� C¦�I#4�35;%K6$�T<(.$'(]X>=���N�"5;%(#4848&,A5$5N�"VA�k© +S0/�9')<)�"?@!$84#45$V��d�"%(#4,;­R`�SO �9<D%K8B�j62#&0G#B<D#4,/5 62�T84��QN�"5 62�T6$�1?@,262.$8B�i%)#&,A5 !N�/'K8B�*LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�T6[O >9��� �"5;%(#48&84,/5 �"V/�A`no�kQ$'(.N# %1���G.2%)�¦62���<* ?"��� 4 .^62>=�I#4Q �984<C8&,A')<):;.$�@8\O +hZ���62,A.$Q$84�/Wo�3�*:;.$#e>=:A.N#&0i�".$%CU�/.$V/?@�35;%)�3'@84� ')>9<(,/84.2%(#4,/562��84��<(,/'(%(#4�j6$� ��� 4:i�? Q$#&%)<9`J���3!-�35 6$�"5;%9Wf�/.�6$�38BU 6$�8XO ,A')6$'(�d«2W/8&�=<f<D#4V/?k�a62�98 %��a'(�95N�I,A5A%)'(�95;%h6$�9<f!N'(,AQ$8&H9?@�9<h62�d<D%)�/Q$#&84#&%(>c:;.$#N�3,/?@!$84#4:;.$�95;%84�3.$'d�3,/5N�3�3!2%)#&,A5P`gd,A.N<P!-,/.N0/,/5 <[U_!$')>9<(�35;%o62>I§ 5$#&'o84�d�3,/5;%(')#4Q$.2%(#4,/5a�95^Q$'(.N# %y6$.^?T,262.N84�"%(�3.N'o<D#4V/?k�"]62�98 %��$`�ZG,A#&�95;% B

98B��LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�k6[O >=���N�"5;%)#&848&,A5N�"VA�T6$. ?@,262.$8B�i%)�3.$' 1��S`ono�kQ$').$# %C6$�!$� �/<(��� � * B .E�iYZ,/.$%(>3�a!N�/'_8&�^<(#&VA?k�i] 62�38&%)�T6[O ,/'�62'(�^n I « � L�O� � * B . 1 B ;

�@B9

1� 4=? � ?B

9

f ?� " � f @�BB9gg - ©\«2` «/«A­

ZG#[8XO ,A5��3,/5N<(#46$H3')�S:;.$� � �9<D%_V/'��"5N6¦�I%d:;.$� B ; � B9�"84,/'�<e8XO >=:;.N�i%)#&,A5*!$')>9�3>962�95A%)�62�90G#&�95A% O

� � * B . � � B ;�

@ 1B 4 � Xf ? " � f @�BB ; g�g - ZG#K8\O ,/5 ���N�3'����$�ÎU ')>962.$#4')�Î84���I,/5;%)'(#4Q$.2%)#&,A5 ?@�"l2#&?k�"84�+�35 Q$'(.N# %�6$� !$�N�A<D� 62.?@,262.$8B�i%)�3.$' 1��SWN,A5+���$,/#B<D#4'��C!-,/.$'c.$5$�^LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�^62�C<(,/'(%(#4� B 4 � X 62,A5$5$>3�AW$.$5$�aLM')>I]:;.$�95N�I�a62�a'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�S!-�I%)# %)�¦©M#48 L´�".N6$')�@62,A5N�c!N'(�95N62')�S.$5�5$#40/�=�".j62�^62#&0G#B<D#4,/5�>384�30A>=­R`���9! �95N6$�"5;%=WN�I�984�@')>962.N# %c62.+?FM9?T�1�I,/.N!j8B�@QN�/5N62��6$�/5N<_8B�/:;.$�38484�^8&�^Q$').$#&%S62�^!$� �/<(�>3%)�"#&%d<(�"%(#B<ZL´�/#4<)�"5;%=`

�E���E� � j����S�N�c�Z���c���D���^���c¤[�Z�� ��e�P�$�$���c�D�(�Z���f� �d���S�c���;�� �c�%�_����;�D�e¥����$�h¤-�2�D�e¥c¥c�o�D�D�

no�1§NVA.$')�a«$` «A«^!$')>9<(�35;%(�K84�a<(FG5$,/!$%(#B:A.N�a6PO .$5N�KQ-,/. �I84�aUT0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�S62�a!$�N�/<(�aU62#40G#4<(#4,/5¦LM'��/�I%(#4,/5$5N�3848&�K�b0/�9�S<D�=<E<D,A.$')�3�9<J62�aQ$').$# %=`�ZG,/5;%_UC!$')�35 62'(�K�35��I,A5N<(#462>9')�"%(#4,/584�9<TQ$').$#&%)<@!$'),i0/�95N�"5;%T6$.�<(#&VA5N�"8_62��')>ILM>9'(�95N�I� � �� �7 + � ©´62�+!$.N#4<)<(�/5N�I��� c �� �

7 + � ­RWh84�Q$').$#&%d62�^:A. �"5;%(#&§ �3�"%(#4,/5�62.�<D#4V/?k�i] 62�98 %���� � W284�aQ$'(.N# %c62.��I,A?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'_62�a!$�N�A<D�a�3%62�a8B�T! ,A?T!-�C62�^���N�/'(VA� � �!WN�I�98&.N#o62.j§N8&%(')��� � !;),+,7 $ �3%d8&�^Q$').$#&%d62. *S�,+ � 4 � X `ZG,A#&�95A%��

9 � W � 9 � W � 9� W � 9 � �3% � 9�� 84�3.$'�<E�I,/5;%)'(#4Q$.2%)#&,A5N<e')�9<(!-�9�R%)#&0A�9<J�".�Q$'(.N# %J%(,/%)�"8�9`Nno�9<JLM,/5 �R%(#4,/5 <_62�a%('��"5N<DLM�3'(%d<D,A5;%E84�9<_<(.$#40i�"5;%(�=<hO

�9 � 1 3 *6,7. � �� �

7 + � 1 � 4 � X � � ! � � !*)*+,7 $ *6,7., � � � 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $A*-,/. � �� � 7 + ��9 � 1 5 3 *-,/. � � 1 5 � 4 � X � � ! � � !*),+,7 $:*-,/., � � � 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $ *-,/. � ��9 � 1 3 *6,7.� �

!� �! 1 � 4 � X � � !;),+,7 $:*6,7., � � � 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $A*-,/. � � !

Page 55: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�A� ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%���

+−Kpfd

fref

DIVN/N+1

Σ∆

Kvcopie

ϕdiv

vc

quartz cp filtre vco

n

Quartz Oscillateur (VCO)

Modulateur

Comparateurde phase (CP)

ϕs

ϕ0

Filtre

F(p)

K

ϕ ϕ ϕ ϕ

ϕ

j

(*),+�- «2` «/«2.*nP�=<EQ$'(.N# %�<_6[O .N5$�^menonP] �N')�A�R%)#&,A5$5$�38484�I] g

�9 � 1 � 4 � X, � � � 4 � X � � ! � � !*)*+,7 $ *6,7. � � !;),+,7 $

�9� 1 f 4�5 4

�3 *6,7. g � 4 � X 1 ,, � � � 4 � X � � ! � � !;),+,7 $ *-,7. � 4 � Xno�1Q ,A.N�I84�S<(�S�3,/?@! ,A'D%)�S62#&p >3')�3?@?@�35;%E<(.$#40i�"5;%�8XO ,A'(#4V/#45$�K62�9<�Q$').$# %�<NOG�3,/?@?@�c.$5§N8&%(')�J! �/<)<D�3]XQN�A<o!-,/.N'#� �� �7 + � W � � W � � ! �3%8� � !;),+,7 $bW/�I,A?@?T�E.$51§N8&%(')�_!N�/<)<(�I]¨�N�".2%�!-,/.$'� 4 � X `Nno�KQN'(.$#&%c62�^!$� �/<(�S%),"%��"8PUT84�@<(,/'(%(#4�a0b�/.2%c62,A5N��

9 1 � 4 � X f 4�5 4�3 *6,7. g � � � !*),+,7 $

3 *6,7.� �!� � !*),+,7 $:*-,/.

� f * � �� �7 + � 5 � � . � � �

!� �!g 3 *6,7. ©X«2` « � ­

nP,/'�<):A.N� � � � �"84,/'�< 3 *-,7. � �G`$nP�aQ$').$#&%_6$. *S�,+�5oO #45;%(�3')0G#&�95;%E! �/<9`GneO >=:;.N�i]%(#4,/5�!$')>9�3>962�95A%)�K6$�30G#&�95;%c�"84,/'�<"O�9 1 � f � �� �

7 + � 5 � � � 4� �!*5� �!� � � !*),+,7 $ . g ©X«2` « � ­

���C')>9<(.$8 %��i%K5$,/.N<c?@,/5;%(')�1:;.PO #&8��9<D%S!N'(>3LM>3'��"Q$84�C62�T���$,/#B<D#4'd.$5 �TL´�"#4Q$84�C!-,/.$'S?T#&]5$#4?T#B<(�3'*8XO #&5 � .$�35N�3� 62. Q$'(.N# %�6$. §N8&%(')�/WE62. :;.N�"'(%��+�3%j62� 8\O �35 <D�9?CQ$84� 62#40G#4<(�3.$'��I%<D#4V/?k�"]¨62�98 %��16N�"5N<E8B�TQN�"5N6$�^!N�/<)<(�/5;%(�a62�^84�TQ-,/.N�38&�A`nP,/'�<):A.N� ��� � � �"84,/'�< 3 *-,/. � U �I%���� !��� � !�� 1 U �9�"' 3 *6,7.K�I%T6[O .N5 ,A')6$'(�@!$84.N<

>384�30A>c:;.$�=� � !;),+,7 $ *-,/.R` +S5¦�35*6$>962.$#&%_:A.N�c84�cQ$').$#&%J�".�62�38BU�62�K84�^LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�c5N�"%(.$')�3848&�62>3!-�35 6j6$.jQN'(.$#&%c62. *S�,+ O�9 1 � 4 � X ©X«2` « � ­

Page 56: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� ���%�z� ��)( ��� � ���%�����)(� �z���� � !"� ���"�"� �/� !"��zJ�D � � #���2���% � ������������� �� xzw yAm n ��m y:wqxzy %uDw=rto��zn!� � x&�%m �o7xzpYstm {>�<m y:y:o7x%rtstsvu��7m��zm�� %u�n=m nP,A')<):;.$�8XO ,A51.$%(#48&#B<D�_.N5$�dQ-,/.N�38&�_Ua0/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�J62�_!$�N�A<D�E�35@Q-,/.N�38&�_,A.$0/�9'D%)�/Wi.$5k���N�/5$V/�9?@�35;%<(.$'K84�¦%(�35 <D#4,/5 6$�T�3,/5;%(';�/84�C62. *S�,+ <D�C%('��/62.N# %a!N�"'S.$5$�@62>3')#40/�16$�18B�kLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�TU<)�+<D,A'D%)#&�Ω��D6$'(#&Lª%2�D­R`h���9<��N. �R%(. �i%(#4,/5 <�!-�3.$0A�35;%�!$'),i0/�35N#&'�62�*84�+!-�3'(%(�¦6$�9<C�9�"!N�A�I#&%(>=<62.j§N8&%(')�C62�^Q-,/. �I84�/` �S�^!$84.N<9WN84,/'�<(:;.$�a8B�@Q ,A.N�I84�C<9O ,A.$0G'(�a�I%c<(�^LM�9'(?@�/WN84�k���N�/'(VA�^62.*S�,+ ���N�"5$VA�S�3%c<(�1LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�^62�^')>9<(,/5N�/5N�I�S>3V;�"84�3?@�35;%�©��D!$.$848&#45$V �Z­I`�K�"5N<^�3�3'(%)�"#45N<^<(F2<Z%)H3?@�9<9W[84��LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�k62. <(#&VA5N�"8h#B<(<(.�62. *S�,+ �9<D%^!$'),G���N�@6$��3�3848&��62.<D#4V/5N�/8_62�j<(,/'(%(#4��62��8\O �"?@!$84# §-�3�i%)�3.$'k62��!$.N#4<)<(�/5N�I�A` +S'1.$5N�j! �"'(%(#4�j62�+�3�62�9'(5N#&�9'j<(#&VA5N�"8a62� LM,/'(%(� !$.$#B<(<)�"5N�3� !N�/'(0G#4�35;%j�/. *S�,+°�3%�62>90G#&� 84�7LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3� 6$�')>9<(,/5N�/5N�I�A`[����N�A:A.N�aLM,/#B<_:A.N�^8\O �"?@!$84# §-�3�i%)�3.$'S62�^!$.$#B<(<)�"5 �I�^<3O �"8484.$?@�¦©M,/.+<9O >3%(�9#&5;%�­IW$84�aLM,/'(%�/!$! �98K6$� �I,A.$'��"5;% ©M,A. #45;0A�3'�<D�9?@�35;%�­k��� �"5$VA�Î84�7%(�95N<D#4,/5�6[O �/8&#4?@�35;%)�"%(#4,/5P`d��� :;.$#!-�3'(%(.$')Q-�K84�9<E!-,/8B�"')#B<(�"%(#4,/5N<J:;.N�"5N6�84�9<E!$')>9�9�".2%)#&,A5N<J5PO ,A5;%E! �/<J>I%)>^!$'(#B<(�9<9`$���=<_���N�"5$]VA�3?@�35;%)<a62�@!-,/8B�"')#4<)�i%)#&,A5 <(.$'^8&�=<K0b�/'(#B�3�/!N<a62. *S�,+ #45N62.$#B<D�95;%a.N5 ���N�/5$V/�9?@�35;%a6$�8B�1LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�a6PO ,;<(�3#&8484�"%(#4,/5�© �Z!$. <D�$#45$V �Z­I`

� ��¥c¤[�D�S�G�Z�e¥�S>I%(�9'(?@#45$,/5 <*84� Q$').$#&%j62� !$�N�A<D� U78B��<(,/'(%(#4� 62. *S�,+°!-,/.$'�.$5�<(#4V/?k�762�98 %��6[O ,/'�62')�T«j62,A5A%^8B��<(,/'(%(#4�@�9<D%��I,262>3�@<(.$'C«¦QN# %�<^�I%�62,A5A%^8XO �95;%(')>3�T�9<D%a.N5 ?@,/%^6$�k« �Q$#&%)<9`<[c8&,A')<d84�k!N'(>=�I#B<D#4,/5�0i�".2%�O 4:i\? c ; � 4 U ��� 62�18\O #&5;%)�3')0b�/8&84��62�^LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<_0G#4<(>/`m�,/.N'f62�9<f�9�"8B�I.$8B<h�".T!$')�3?@#4�3'h,/'�62')�/Wi5$,A.N<�5$>9V/84#&VA�3'),/5N<�� � !*),+,7 $J�I%8� ! `"m�,/.$' B B � W8XO �3l2!$'(�=<(<(#4,/5�6$.jQN'(.$#&%d62��<(,/'(%(#4�a6$>I%(�9'(?@#45$>3�a!$')>9�3>962�9?@?T�95;%^©´>9:-` «$` « � ­J62�30G#4�35;% O

� X � + * B . 1 � *5� �� �7 + � * B . 5 � � * B .�.

�S,/5N�a!-,/.$' B B � O� X � + * B . 1 � f � �� � 7 + � � B ;

�?

� 4=? � ?B9

@B9 " � f @�BB

9gg ©\«2` « � ­

[d.j62�38BUT62�S8B��Q �"5N62�K!N�A<(<)�"5;%(�K62�K84�CQ ,A.N�I84�/WG84�SQ$').$#&%E6$. *S�,+ 62�90G#&�95A%J?k�iYZ,/')#&]%��"#4'(�¦©´84�@Q-,/.N�38&�1<D���3,/?@! ,A'D%)���I,A?T?@�^.$5�§ 8 %)'(��! �/<)<D�3]X�N�/.2%�­I`NnP�^!N84�/5N���$�3'S62��Q$').$#&%�=<Z%d62>3%(�3')?@#&5N>^!N�"'_84�aQ$.2p �3'c62��<(,/'(%(#4�a62. *S�,+1`m�,/.$' B � B � W"5$,/. <e62>=62.$#B<D,A5N<f62�=<h>9:;.N�"%(#4,/5N<e«$` � �3%J«2` « � Wi84�a!N.$#4<)<)�"5N�3�d62�dQ$').$#&%62�a!$� �/<(�a<(.$#40i�"5;%(�^O

� c9* B . 1 ? ( � ��

9 ! #� 4�� f B � cB g c�� f 4�� B � Q B Q g ©\«2` « � ­

���I%(%(�Î')�38B�i%)#&,A5�')�9<D%(�+0i�/84�/Q$8&��%��"5;%*:;.$�+84�ÎQ$').$# %*6$. *S�,+ ')�9<D%(��!$')>962,A?@#&5$�95;%62�90i�"5;%J84�aQ$').$# %_!$8B�"5 ���$�3'_62.��I#4')�3.$#&%9`2�f5j8\O ,2�3�3.$'(')�35 �I�/WG84�aQ$'(.N# %d62.jQ$.2p �3'd62�^<(,/'(%(#4�62�a8B�TQ ,A.N�I84��UT0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�S62�^!N�N�/<(�^62>I§N5N#&'��T8&�aQ$').$#&%d!$84�/5N���$�9'9`

Page 57: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�"� ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%����E� �E��� ��S�S�D�(¤ ���2�D�e¥c�

�hl$�"?@#&5N,/5N<^U�!$')>9<(�35;%K84�9<K!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�9<S�35 Q$'(.N# %^62�@!$�N�A<D�T,/Q2%)�35G.$�=<KU�!N�/'D%)#&'62�9<f>9:;.N�i%)#&,A5N<h!$')>9�3>962�95;%(�9<e62�d62�3.$lTQ-,/.N�38&�=<fUa0/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�E62�d!$� �/<(�d�".2l1LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5N<62#&p->9'(�95A%)�9<E62,A5A%_5$,A.N<E�I,A?T! �"')�3'),/5N<e8&�=<E! �9'DLM,A'(?k�"5 �I�9<J�b0/�=�c�3�3848&�=<_62�S5N,A<_<(F;5;%)�$>I%)# ]<D�9.$'�<_62�KLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�9<_6$�/5N<E8&�=<d���N�/!$# %)'(�=<E<D.$#40i�"5;%)<9`nfO .$5$� VA>35$H9'(�+8B� !-,/'(%(�9.N<D��©´U�� U\U � 3 . ­C!-,/.$'�8\O >3?@#B<(<(#&,A5 6[O .$5 <(#&VA5N�"8 � Z�� W8\O �".$%(')�¦8\O �$,A'(84,/VA� ©´U � 4 � d\d � 3 . ­c!-,/.N'184�9<T�I,A5;0A�3'(%(#B<(<(�3.N')<C�Jg"[ �3%k� [cg ! ,A.$'T8&�<D#4V/5 �"8[QN�/5N62�^62�^QN�A<D� 8 � � Z `� � � � yAuDwqrvo ���%m stu���o<y:wqm xzn=m�c>3%(�3')?@#&5N,/5N<K84�9<a�3�/')�A�R%(>9'(#B<D%(#B:A.N�9<d6[O .$5$�@Q-,/.N�38&�@U¦0A�3')'(,A.$#48&8B�"VA��62�1!N�N�/<(�T6N�"5N<8&�j�3�A<�62�*8B�Î<(FG5A%)�$H9<(�*62��84�+LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3��� � 6[O .$5��I#4'��I.$#&% � Z�� ! ,A.$'C8B��%('��"5 <D?@#B<Z]<D#4,/5�©M�$,A?T,262FG5$�b­R`hnP�j���$,/#&l762�j84� �I,/5G0A�3'�<D#4,/5762#4')�9�R%)�*#4?@! ,;<D�j84� <DFG5;%(�NH9<(��6[O .$5$�LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3� B 4 � X 1 � UYU�� 3 . `hgd,/. <¦���$,/#B<(#4<)<D,A5N<@�I,A?T?@�+LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�Î6$�Î�I,/?@!N�/')�/# ]<D,A5 B7$ � 1 ? � � 3 . !$'),i0/�35 �"5;%�6[O .N57,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)�3.$'1UÎ:;.N�"'(%��AWP84�+LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�*62�¦V;�"#4562�¦Q-,/.N�38&�*.$5$#&%)�"#4')� B � 1 ��U � 3 . !-,/.$'T<(�"%(#B<ZL´�/#&')�k.$5$�*0;#&%(�=<(<(�*6[O �/�9:;.$#4<(#&%(#4,/5�?@#&5$#&]?C.$?�`ogc,/.N<K§NlG,A5N<a84�9<^!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�9<a62. *S�,+ Oo<(,/5 VA�/#&5 � 4 � X 1 � U � 3 . � & WB � 1 4 U�� 3/. © 5 � � = � � � 3 ­��3% B � c 1 d U�� 3/. © 5 4 � � = � � � 3 . ­RW;�I�98&84�9<f6$.¦�I,/?T]!N�"'��i%)�3.$'h62�_!N�N�/<(�hO � �

! 1 4 � � 4 U � ��� � � = W/6$.1§ 8 %)'(�_6[O ,/'�62')� � �3%e62. �<1�6[O ,/'�62'(�«2`2nP�^<(#&VA5N�"8 62�a')>ILM>3')�35 �I�S6$,/5$5$�a.$5jQ$').$#&%E62� 5 4 d � = � � � 3 . ` 8 5j<(#&?1.$8B�i%(�9.$'E.2%(#&]8&#B<)�"5;%S84�9<dLM,/')?C.$84�9<S!$')>9�I>=62�3?@?@�35;%a62>9�3'(#&%(�=<d5$,A.N<S6$,/5$5$�18&�=<c')>9<(.$8&%)�"%)<c6$�C8B�k§NVA.$'(�«2` « � `

(<),+�- «2` « � . E�').$#&%c62�^!$�N�A<D�^6[O .$5$�^m�non ! ,A.$'d8B� � � ©\U � ��� � �b­ � Z���SO �=<Z%�.$5 �3lG�9?@!$8&��62�=<*!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�9<¦!-,A<)<(#&Q$84�9<�6[O .$5$� Q ,A.N�I84� U�0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�62� !$�N�/<(� ��� © � '��"5N<(?@#4<)<D#4,/5-­¦6[O .$5$���"!$!N8&#B�3�"%(#4,/5 � Z � `_nP� Q$'(.N# %�!$'),G���N� 62� 84�

Page 58: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�T� ���%�z� ��)( ��� � ���%�����)(� �z���� � !"� ���"�"� �/� !"��zJ�D � � #���2���% � �������������&�LM')>9:;.$�95N�I��62�1'(>3LM>3')�35N�3���I,A'(')�9<(! ,A5N6jU¦�I�98&.$#�62. <(#&VA5N�"8y62��')>ILM>3')�35 �I�/`Nmf.$#B<c0G#4�35$5$�95;%84�9<�Q$').$# %�<E62. *S�,+��3%E6$.¦§N8&%(')�T© � c ­R`D[c.j62�984�162� d U\U � 3 . 62�S8B��!-,/'(%(�9.N<(�/WG8&�KQ$').$#&%62. *S�,+ 62�30G#4�35;%�?k�iYZ,/')#&%)�"#4')�/` [��I�3%D%)�@LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�/WP84�kQ$').$# %�0i�/.2% 5 4=? d = � � � 3 . �3%_�/.+62�38BU@62� �\UYU�� 3 . #48[�9<D%d?T�9#&8484�3.$'d:;.$� 5 4:? � = � � � 3 . `� � �&�YyAuDw=rto���� � x �%m�zo<yAstoc�<m �%m p\o��)�<m y:wqrvnqn=m x�yAn[J%D%��/���$,A5N<K5$,/. <KUj!$')>9<(�35;%^U*8B�jV/>95$>3'��i%)#&,A5 6[O .$5$�@�$,/')84,/V/�TU � 4 � d\d � 3 . !-,/.$'.$5��I,A5G0/�3'(%(#B<)<D�9.$'E5;.N?T>9'(#B:;.$�I] �"5 �"84,/V/#B:;.$�d!-,/.$'d6$�9<d62,A5$5$>9�9< 8 � � Z `

�f5�LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5j62�S8XO �"'����$# %)�9�I%(.$')�S62�a5$,/%(')�S<(F2<Z%)H3?@�S�3%E6$�9<J! �9'DLM,A'(?k�/5N�I�=<�62�a5$,/%(')��3,/5G0/�9'D%)#4<)<D�9.$'=Wo5$,A.N<T#&?@!-,A<(,/5N<kU 84� Q-,/.N�38&�+U 0/�9'('),/.$#48484�/V/�*62��!$� �/<(� c 6[O �b0/,/#4'T.$5Q$').$#&%c62�^!$�N�A<D�a#452LM>3')#4�3.$'cU 5 4 U\U = � � � 3 . <(.$'_.$5$�^QN�/5N62��62� 4 U\U � 3 . �".2%),/.$'d6$�<)�aLM')>9:;.$�35 �I� B ;"W2�I�a:;.$# >=:;.$#&0i�/.2%EUC.$5$�KV/#4V/.$�S?k�il2#&?1.$?�62� 4=? � � , `Agd,A.N<�!$'(�95$,/5 <B7$ � 1 ? ��� 3 . W[84�¦?FM3?@� *S�,+ :;.$�*6$�/5N<�84���9�/<^!N'(>=�I>96$�35;%9Wy8&��?)M9?@�*<D#4V/5 �"8�6$�')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�AW;84�^?FM3?@���I,A?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'E62�^!$�N�A<D�a�3%d8&�a?FM3?@�a§N8&%(')��62�aQ ,A.N�I84�/`nP�=<1<(!->9�I#&§ �9�i%(#4,/5 <16$�/5N<T8&�j�3�A<16[O .$5$���I,A5G0/�3'�<(#&,A5 5;.N?T>9'(#B:;.$�I] �"5 �"84,/V/#B:;.$�¦<(,/5;%<(>30AH3')�9<��3%¦<D,A5A%k�i%(%(�9#&5;%(�=<@!N�"'@�I�3%D%)�jm�non 6[O ,/'�62'(� � 62,/5;%@8&�=<1!-�3'(LM,/')?k�"5N�3�9<@<(,/5;%')>9<(.$?@>3�=<�! �"'_8B�C§ V/.$')��«2` « � `

(<),+ - «2` « � .aEJ'(.N# %d62�^!$� �/<(�a6PO .$5N�^menon�!-,/.$'_.N5$�^�$,/')84,/V/�T©´U � 4 � d\d � 3/. ­ 8 � � Z+S5a'(�=<D!-�9�I%(�h8B�_�I,A5A%)')�/#&5;%)��6$�f?k�"#45A%)�35$#4'[.$5^Q$').$#&%y62�h!$� �/<(�h#&52LM>9'(#4�3.N'oU 5 4 UYU = � � � 3 . <(.$'K84��QN�"5 62�k62� 4 U\U � 3 . ` �K�"5N<a�I�3%D%)�@�3,/52§ V/.$'��i%)#&,A5PW 84�TQ$'(.N# %�62�T84��')>ILM>3')�35 �I�T�9<D%!$')>3!-,/5 62>3'��"5;%TU 62�=<CLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<C!N'(,2���$�=<T6$��8B� !-,/'(%(�9.N<(�/W�!$.$#B<T0;#4�35;%k84��Q$').$#&%¦62.*S�,+�:;.$# �b0b�/5;%e84��LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�S62�K�I,A.$!$.$')�d�9<D%e§ 8 %)'(>S!N�"'�8&�S§N8&%(')�S62�SQ ,A.N�I84�/` [d.*6$�38BU62���3�I%(%(�^LM')>9:;.$�95N�I��62�1�I,/.N!$.$')�/W$84��Q$').$#&%S62�^8B�kQ ,A.N�I84��U@0/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�a62��!$� �/<(�^�9<D%�3l2�A�R%)�3?@�35;%_8&�aQ$').$#&%c62. *S�,+1`

Page 59: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� K ������� ��������������������������� ��!"�$#%�&"')(����)�%���� �vj���I�j{ �-�v

nP�9<eQ ,A.N�I84�9<�U^0/�9'('),/.N#&8484�/V/�_62�d!N�N�/<(�c<(,/5;%��"."YZ,/.$'�6[O �;.N#N84�9<e<(FG5;%(�$>3%(#B<D�9.$')<e62�dLM')>I]:;.$�35N�3�9<C8&�=<C!$84.N<1! �9'DLM,A'(?k�/5A%�<3`h���3!-�35N6N�"5;%9W�8&�9.$'@:A. �"84# %)>*�9<D%T6$.$�*!$')#45N�I#4!N�"84�3?@�95A%Uk84�3.$'d')>9<(,/5 �i%(�9.$' ��� `[���9<c>384>3?@�35;%)<S<D,A5;%d0/,/84.$?@#45$�3.2l��I%KU¦�3�/.N<D��6$.Î���N�"?@!+?k�i]V/5$>3%(#B:;.$�@#&5N6$.$# %�! �"'a8\O #45N62.N�I%)�"5 �I�/Wy<D,A5A%^Uj8\O ,/')#4V/#45$�T6$�k!$�$>35N,/?@H35$�=<a!N�"'��/<(#&%(�9<K:;.$#<D,A5;%CV\M95N�"5;%)<C! ,A.$'T8&�=<162#&p >3')�35;%(�=<�!N�/'D%)#&�=<C62.��I#4')�3.$# %=`h���984�Î! �9.2%)M3%(')�¦.$5�LM'(�9#&5�U8\O #45A%)>3VA')�"%(#4,/5�6$���I�9<JLM,A5N�R%)#&,A5N<^©M0A,/#4'S���N�"!N# %)'(�@¬=­I`�SO �=<Z%d!-,/.$'�:;.$,/#XWG#&8y<D�9')�/# %E#&5;%)>3')�9<)<(�/5A%_62�a0/,A#&'_<(#P6[O �".2%)'(�=<_<DF2<D%(H3?@�=<_62�^<DFG5;%(�$H=<D�62�ELM')>9:;.$�35 �I�9<e�3�"! �"Q$84�9<h6[O MI%)'(�_#45;%(>9V/')>9<h�".$lT�I#4'��I.$#&%)<�5G.$?@>3')#B:A.N�9<9W/<D,A5;%e<D.N<)�I�9!2%(#4Q$84�9<62�k<D.N!$!$84>3�3'��/.2l Q-,/.N�38&�=<�Uj0/�9'('),/.$#48484�/V/�C62�k!N�N�/<(�k6$�"5N<a84�9<^�3#&'��I.N# %�<a! ,A.$'^84��%)>384>I]!$�$,A5$#&�a?@,/QN#&84�/`�c�a')>9�I�95;%)<h%)')�b0i�/.2l I «��:L[,/5;%e%)�35;%(>a62�K?T,A5;%(')�3'�:;.$�a62�=<�<(F2<Z%)H3?@�9<�QN�/<(>9<J<(.$'J6$�9<8&#4V/5N�9<_U1'(�3%)�"'�6*<(,/5;%d�3�/!N�"QN8&�=<J6$�SLM,A.$')5$#&'_.N5$�KLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3� � �7!-,/.$'_.$5N�a�/!$!$84#4�9�i%)#&,A5[ �+m Z�©v[_620i�"5N�3�96 �Î,/Q$#48&�Tmf�$,A5$�^ZGF2<Z%)�3?¦­R` ZG�9.$8&�9?@�35;%^84�*8&#&%D%)>3'��i%(.N'(�@�I,A5N�I�9'(5N�/5;%�I�=<_8&#4V/5N�9<_U@')�I%)�/')6��9<D%S<(.N�3�3#&5;%)�^�I%d5$,/%(')�^'(�9VA�"'�6*<(.$'d�98&84��62,A# %M3%(')���"!$!$'),"LM,A5N62#X`$nP����N�"!N# %)'(�a<D.N#&0i�"5;%d�T! ,A.$'E,/Q2YZ�=�R%)# L�6[O �95+62'(�=<(<(�3'J.$5$�a>3%(.N62�a%)�$>3,A'(#B:;.$�a�i§N5�62�a?@#&�9.2l�35�0/,A#&'E84�9<E!-,A<)<D#4Q$#48&#&%(>=<E�I%d84�9<_84#4?T#&%(�=<3`

Page 60: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��������� � �

� � � � �����E � � � � ������� ��� ������� � �_�

no�9<@Q-,/.N�38&�=<kU 0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�j62�+62>38B�"#B<k<(,/5;%k84�/'(VA�3?@�35;%@.2%(#48&#B<(>3�9<k6N�"5N<@84�9<k�3#&'��I.$#&%)<5G.$?@>3')#B:A.N�9<9`h�f8&84�9<S<D,A5;%E84���I,G�9.$'c62��<(FG5N���$'),/5$#B<(�"%(�9.$')<J62��<(#&VA5N�".$l I « � L¨W 6[O �$,/')84,/V/�=<UK!$�N�A<D�=<�?C.$8&%(#4!$84�9<�I � L¨WA62�_?1.$8&%(#4!$8&#4�3.N')<h62�ELM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=< I « � L¨`&`4` �Î�"#B<��3848&�=<h<D,A5;%�?@,A#&5N<!$')>9<(�35;%)�9<^6$�/5N<^84�*62,/?k�/#&5$�¦�/5N�"84,/VA#4:;.$�A`*gd,A.N<�!-,/.N0/,/5 <^�I�3!-�35 6$�"5;%C>90/,2:;.$�3'^84�3.$'.2%)#&84#B<(�"%(#4,/5�6$�"5N<E.N5j,;<(�3#&848B�i%(�9.$'E8&,2�9�"8XW$6[O .N5$�����N�:9ª5$�^62�a%)')�/5N<D?@#B<(<(#4,/5 I « �ALX`nP�9.$'K!$'(#45N�3#&!N�/8y�b0i�"5;%��"V/�C�9<D%K62�1V/>35N>3')�3'S6$# p >3')�35;%(�=<d!$� �/<(�9<K6[O .N5Î?FM3?@�T<(#4V/5N�/862�aL´�&�I,A5j<D%)�/Q$8&�AW$!$')>9�3#4<(�^�I%d?@,/#45N<_QN'(.$F;�"5;%(�=<_:;.$�^8&�=<d<(FG<D%(H9?@�9<E>9:;.$#40i�"84�35;%)<cU@QN�/<(�6[O ,A<)�I#48484�"%(�3.N')<c�35��"5$5$�=�".2l~I4¬qK=Lf6$�/5N<K8&�=<(:;.$�98y#48h�Il2#B<Z%)�1.$5N�T62>9'(#40/�C%(�9?T!-,/')�38484�T62�T8B�!$� �/<(�/`�no��<D%(').N�R%).$')�c6[O .$5$�cQ-,/. �I84�SU^0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�_62�S62>38B�"#B<f')�3!$')�35 6@�35¦!N�/'D%)#&�S�I�38484�6[O .$57,;<(�3#&848B�i%(�9.$'��95��"5$5N�9�".$l ?k�"#B<�!-�3')?@�I%@6[O �A<(<(�3')0G#&'1U+84�Î! >9'(#4,262��62.�<D#4V/5N�/8\W�8B�!$� �/<(��62.Î<D#4V/5 �"8PUk8B�k<D,A'D%)#&��6$�^84�¦6$�3')5$#&H9'(�^�3�3848&.$84�/`�[c#&5N<(#XW �I,A?@?T�^5N,/.N<_84��0A�3')'(,A5N<!$')>9�3#4<(>3?@�95A%@!$84.N<T%)�/')6PWf8\O �/�9�I.$?1.$8B�i%(#4,/5�62.�Q$'(.N# %¦�".�I,A.$'(%@62.�%(�9?@!N<k:;.$#_�Il2#B<Z%)�!-,/.$'_8XO ,A<)�I#48&8B�i%)�3.$'E�35��"5N5$�9�/.2l[W25PO �T!$84.N<_�3,/.$'�<3`hno�KQN'(.$#&%c62�a!$�N�A<D�^�/.2l�<(,/'(%(#4�9<E62�9<�3�3848&.$84�9<y�9<D%�5$�I%(%(�3?@�95A%h')>962.N# %��I%h8B�c62>9'(#40/�e%(�3?@!-,/')�38262�J84�S!$�N�A<D�J�9<D%h�"5$5G.$84>3�A`z[d.$%(')��b0i�"5;%��"V/�1?k�iYZ�3.N'9WP�3�@<(F2<Z%)H3?@�@�9<D%^'(>=�"84#4<)�"Q$84�C! �"'^.$5 !$'),G�3>962> � +hZ ` k 8e! �9.2%��"#45N<D#M3%(')�K#45;%(>9V/')>K�/.�<(�3#45�62���I#4')�3.$#&%)<E5G.$?@>3')#4:;.$�=<3`�f5��3,/5N<(#B62>3'��"5;%^8&�=<�5$,A.$0/�=�".2l ,/Q2YZ�=�R%)# L´<�6$�9<�#45N62. <Z%)'(#4�38B<�84#&>=<C�/.2l �"%D%(�95;%(�9<162�9<�3,/5N<(,/?@?k�i%)�3.$'�<ΩM!-,/'(%)�/Q$#48&#&%(>AWd?C.$8&%(#&]¨5$,/')?@�9<¦�3%j?1.$8&%(#&]XQN�/5N62�=<)­IWd#&8a<(�3'��"#&%*#&5;%)>3')�9<D]<)�"5;%c62��V;�"VA5$�3'_�95Î<D#4?@!$8&#B�I#&%(>162�C�I,A5N�I�9!2%(#4,/5+�3%S6[O .$5$#&LM,/')?@#4<(�3'd84�9<c!$'),G�3>962>=<3`d�SO �9<D%!-,/.$'�:;.$,/#;')>9�"84#B<D�9'y.$5N�E<(FG5;%(�$H=<D�E62�JLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<��b0/�=�f.$5@<(FG<D%(H9?@�J62�J%ZFG!-��5G.$?@>3')#B:A.N�<(�3'��"#&%S�b0i�"5;%)�/V/�9.2l[W-U��I,/5 62# %)#&,A5 62�T')�9<(! �=�R%(�9'S84�9<K�I,A5;%('��"#45A%)�9<S62�1QN'(.$#&%a!$'(,A!$')�9<c�/.62,A?k�"#45$�^�"5N�/8&,AV/#B:A.N�/`nfO >I%��i%16$�*8XO �/'D%16$�¦84�+%(�$>9,/')#&�¦>3%)�/# %C!-�3.�<(�"%(#B<ZL´�/#4<)�"5;%9`+no�9<�>3%(.N6$�9<�>3%)�/#&�95A%1! �9.5$,A?CQ$')�3. <D�=<3W�#45N�I,A?T!N8&H3%(�9<1�I%@�I,A5N�I�9'(5N�/#&�95;%1<D.N'D%),/.2%T8&�=<1�/!$!$84#4�9�i%(#4,/5 <C5G.$?@>3')#B:A.N�9<9`k 8�?@�/5N:;.N�"#&%162,A5N�k.$5N�¦%(�N>3,/')#4�k!$'(>=�I#B<D��62.7Q$').$#&%162�¦!$� �/<(�*:;.$#��=<Z%1.$5$�*VA')�/5N62�9.$'!$�GF2<(#4:;.$�E!$'),/!$')�_�".T?@#&84#&�9.¦�"5N�/8&,AV/#B:;.$�/`ono�9<h!N'(#45N�I#4!N�/.2l1�"'(%(#B�I84�9<h<(�_')>ILM>3'��"#4�35;%�!$')#&52]�3#&!N�/8&�9?@�35;%��".2lÎ%)')�b0i�/.2l 62�T%(�$H=<D�¦6$�¦���N#&�95 �3%�� �9#&V;�"5N62%k©JI « � Wf¬=K:Lª­IWy:;.$#f5N�T!N'(,/]!-,A<(�35;%d:;.PO .N5$�^>I%).N62���"!N!$'(,bl2#4?k�i%(#40/�K62.�Q$').$# %c6$�K!N�N�/<(�/`

� �

Page 61: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� ������� ����� �D����� ��)( ������� �%�����)(� �z���� �$!"� !�&��z�J�gd,/. <_�"848&,A5N<E62,/5N�K!$'),/!-,A<(�3'E6$�/5N<E�I�I%(%(�a!N�/'D%)#&�a.$5$�^62�=<(�3'(#4!2%)#&,A5*!$84.N<J§N5$�a�3%_6$�9<?@,G6$H384�9<�62�kQN'(.$#&%)<C<D#4?@!$8&#&§N>=<KL´�/�I#484�3?@�35;%��Il2!$84,/#&%)�/Q$84�9<a!N�/'�8\O #45$V/>95$#&�9.$'�62�¦�3,/5N�3�3!2]%(#4,/5P`

�¦r3s ��x��4����I|nP�9<@�/'D%)#4�38&�=<C,A.7%(�NH9<(�9<T'(>=�I�95A%)�9<C%('��"#&%)�/5A%k62�j84� %(�N>3,/')#4�j62.�Q$').$# %¦62�=<TQ ,A.N�I84�9<UÎ0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�k62��62>984�/#4<C5$��!N'(�95$5$�35;%T!N�/<C�35��3,/?@!2%)�*8XO �3p-�3%@62��84� Q ,A.N�I84�/`hgc,/.N<!$'),/!-,A<(�3'),/5N<f6$,/5N�d6N�"5N<J�I�3%D%(�S!N�"'(%(#4�c.N5$�dLM,A'(?1.$84�"%(#4,/5¦�3,/?@!$84HI%(�K62.¦Q$').$#&%E6$�c!$�N�A<D��35jLM,/5 �R%(#4,/5�62�=<E>384>3?@�35;%)<d! �9'D%).$'(Q �i%(�9.$'�<J6$.��3#&'��I.N# %=`gd,/. <C�I,A?@?T�95N�I�9'(,A5N<^�I�3%D%)�¦!N�"'(%(#4�k!N�/'^8&�¦'��"!N! �98e62�9<C!$')#&5N�3#&!-�9<C62�9<^Q-,/. �I84�9<CU0/�9'('),/.$#48484�/V/�S6$��62>38B�"#B<3`2me.$#4<d5$,/.N<d>I%(. 62#&�9'(,A5N<E!$84.N<E�35+62>3%)�/#&8P84�9<d>384>3?@�35;%)<E')�I%��"'�6$�i]%(�9.$')<E�3%d8&�9.$'d<(FG<D%(H9?@�a6$���I,/5;%)'��A8&�A`

�E�D�h�(� � �o¥d�o�$�h�D� �2�o�8 5$�@Q-,/.N�38&�kU�0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�C62�@')�I%)�/')6 �/<)<D�9'(0G#&%S�35 !$�N�A<D�@62�9.2l <(#&VA5N�".2lÎ62�TLM')>I]:;.$�35N�3� B ; Wi8XO .N5 /7$ � <D�9'(0i�"5;%h62�_')>ILM>3')�35 �I��%(�3?@!-,/')�3848&�E�3%f8\O �".2%)'(� / 9 �I�_?FM3?@�_<(#&VA5N�"8

/7$ � ?k�"#B<_')�I%)�/')6$>^!N�"'_.$5N��8&#4V/5N��U@'(�3%)�"'�6 ©ª§NV ` � `4¬=­I`Ngd,A.N<d<(.$!$!-,A<(,/5N<_:;.$�^84�9<c>384>I]?@�35;%)<�62. �I#4')�3.$#&%)<@LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5$5$�35;%�6N�"5N<*8&�9.$'¦!N�/'D%)#&�Î84#45$>9�/#&')�/` 8 5 �I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'¦62�!$�N�A<D�¦© � ��­EV/>95$H3')�^.$5+�I,A.$')�/5;%d?T,iFA�35 "�<(.$'d.$5N��! >9'(#4,262��62.Î<(#&VA5N�"8y62�^'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�/W!$'),/!-,/'(%(#4,/5$5$�98NUa84�3.$'J62# p >3')�35 �I�d62�S!$�N�/<(� 1 �J`;no�d�I,/?@!N�/')�"%(�9.$'h�9<D%��3�/')�A�R%)>3')#4<(>E!N�"'<D,A5*V;�"#45 � �

! 1 " i 1 ����� � � =! `2nP�^�I,A.$'��"5;%��=<Z%E#&5;%)>3V/')>K!N�"'J.$5�§N8 %)'(�a!N�A<(<(�I]¨QN�A<e62�LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5 6$�C%)')�/5N<ZLM�9'D%�� � !*)*+,7 $A*6,7.I` no�C')>9<(.$8&%)�i%a62�T8\O #&5;%)>3V/'��i%)#&,A5�%('��"5N<DLM,/')?@>��35 .$5$�%(�95N<D#4,/5�& � ?@,262#&§N�K8&�=<�')�I%��"'�6$<J62�cL´�&�I,A5�UC�3,/')'(#4V/�9'e8XO �9'(')�3.N'�62�a!$�N�A<D�A`;gc,/.N<E62#B<(,/5N<:;.$�a84�@Q-,/.N�38&�a�=<Z%c�A�3�I'),2���$>3�S8&,A')<):;.$�a8&�=<_62�3.$lj<(#&VA5N�".2l*<(,/5;%_�35�!$� �/<(�aU ?�@ !$')H9<9`

V

CP

SS

de filtre

boucle

DL

i

Comparateur de phase

Ligne à retard

c

sref

(*),+�- � `4¬ .¦ny�TQ ,A.N�I84��UT0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�S62�a!$� �/<(��E�D�h�X� jC� ¤ �o�(�D�c�D� �N�[�2��� �8 5$�C�3�3848&.N8&�CU@')�I%��"'�6?�D')�I%)�/')6$���a6N�"5N<_84�a%(�9?@!N<d.$5Î<(#4V/5N�/8\`Ngc,/.N<d'(�9!$'(>=<D�95;%(�3'),/5 <�I�3%D%(�@LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5 �D62>984�/#.�@!N�"'^84�¦<(F;?1Q ,A8&�k62�k8B�j§NVA.$'(� � ` «$` 8 5 <D#4V/5 �"8�%(�9?@! ,A'(�98 B * EJ.�9<D%_'(�3%)�"'�62>a6[O .$5�84�/!N<_62�K%(�9?T! <<�j62,A5$5$>A`NnP�^<(#&VA5N�"8[62�^<(,/'(%(#4� � * EJ.J<9O �3l2!$'(#4?@�a!N�"'hO

Page 62: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�����Y� ���& � �� � � ¬

� * EJ. 1 B * E 5 �T. © � `&¬b­τ g(t)f(t)

(<),+�- � ` «2. Z2F;?1Q ,A8&�^6[O .$5$���3�3848&.N8&��62�a')�I%��"'�68 5�<(#&VA5N�"8 >384�9�I%(')#4:;.$�a6[O �"?@!$84# %).N62�� W$62�a!$.$8B<(�"%(#4,/5 ��<D,A.N<E<(�CLM,/')?@�K�3,/?@!$84�Il2�<9O �3l2!$'(#4?@�S! �"' O

B *5E � ��. 1 � � ��� +nfO >9:;.N�"%(#4,/5 � `4¬^<3O >9�3'(#&%d�"84,/'�<J6$�K8B�TL´���3,/5�<D.N#&0i�"5;%)�)O

� * E � ��. 1 � ��� � B * E � ��. © � ` «A­�E�(�h� � j�� �(�%�e¥c�� �$�[�2���N�8 5��95N<D�9?CQ$84�a62�^�I�38484.$8&�=<_UT'(�3%)�"'�6¦�9�/<)�3�/6$>3�9<E�3,/5N<D%(#&%(.$�a.$5N�K84#4V/5$�aUT'(�3%)�"'�6 ©M§NVN`� ` � ­R`7Z2,/#4�35;%�O /

7$ � * EJ.CW / ! * EJ.c�I%�/ 9 *5EJ.d84�9<K<D#4V/5 �".2l�'(�=<D!-�9�I%(#40/�9?T�95;%K62�18\O �35;%(')>3�AW-6$�8B�@<D,A'D%)#&�a62�^8B�1#4H3?@���3�3848&.$84�^�I%d62�^8B�@<D,A'D%)#&�^62�^8B�@���N�:9ª5$�A`

ττS1 Si

τSsSref

(<),+ - � ` � .aZGFG?CQ-,/84��6[O .N5$�����N�:9ª5$�a62���I�98&84.$84�9<_62�^')�I%��"'�6ZG,A# %T84��LM,A5N�R%)#&,A5762. %)�3?@!N<�E � *5EJ.^%)')�A62.$#B<(�/5A%�84�*')�I%��"'�6 #&5;%('),262.$#&%1!N�/'C.$5N��3�3848&.$84�/`GnP�K<D#4V/5 �"8N#45N�3#462�95;%</

7$ � �9<D%�')�I%��"'�62>c62� � * EJ.e�35 / `$���S62�9'(5$#4�3'J<3O >9�3'(#&%J6$�c8B�L´�&�I,/5�<(.$#&0i�/5A%)�FO/ *5EJ. 1 / 7 $ � * E 5 � * EJ.�.[ 8B�T<(,/'(%(#4�^62�^8B�T6$�3.2l2#4H3?@�^�I�38484.$8&�^O

/ c *5EJ. 1 / * E 5 � * EJ.J. 1 / 7 $ � * E 5 � *5EJ. 5 � * E 5 � *5EJ.J.H.���38B� 6$�30G#&�95;%T0G#&%(���3,/?@!$84�Il2�/`��hp �9�I%(#40/�3?@�95A% / c <3O �Il2!$')#4?T���35�LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5�6PO .$5N��/.2%(,/]X?@,262.$8B�i%)#&,A5 62�T84�¦LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5�62�1')�I%��"'�6 �[` +S'=W !-,/.$'^62�=<K0b�/'(#B�i%)#&,A5N<d84�35;%)�9<a62�I]0i�"5;%_8B�1!->3')#4,G6$��62�^'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�/WG,/5�!-�3.2%c�3,/5N<(#B62>3')�3'_:;.PO .$5$�^0i�"')#4�"%(#4,/5*%(�3?@!-,/')�3848&��6$�E � * EJ.S�¦84��%)�3?@!N<a62�1<(�C!N'(,A!N�"VA�3'c�3,/?@!$84HI%(�9?@�35;%S0A�3'�< /9*5EJ.d�3%S!-�3.2%^62,A5N�2M3%(')��3,/')'(#4V/>9���9`

������ ������ �� �������������� ��������� ����������� �!"�#��$����%& �')(*�� ������� ���+�� ����,�.-/ ��.'0�.(1���-/ ���������2���

3 ���, 0�4�� �����5���������,�� ������67'0�78�������9����������/���:���9'0�78;�� ��'��

Page 63: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� « ������� ����� �D����� ��)( ������� �%�����)(� �z���� �$!"� !�&��z�J�gd,/. <1!-,/.N0/,/5 <1�/8&,A')<1�I,/5 <D#B62>3')�3'T:;.$��8B� LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5 E � * EJ.1�9<D%@�3,/5N<D%)�/5;%(�/W�#X` �

� E���� � * EJ. 1 � � 5$,A.N<_�b0/,A5N<NO/ ! * EJ. 1 / 7 $ � *5E 5 " � � . 1 � � ��� � + ! ��� � 1 / 7 $ � * EJ. � ��� ! ���

�am svu �&� p\m n=nqrtw ��� � u�n=nqm y�� r y svm nPyAm wquDyW�%n��gd,/. <����$�3'����$,A5N<aU+62#4<(!-,A<(�3'�62�k!$84.N<(#&�9.$'�<a!$�N�/<(�9<^6PO .$5 ?FM9?T�¦<(#4V/5N�/8\`Pny��8&#4V/5$�U+')�I%)�/')6�')>3!-,/5 67U �3�¦Q �=<D,A#&5o`h���9! �95N6$�"5;%=Wy84�9<10i�"')#4�"%(#4,/5N<162�*!$'),2�I>=62>9<C�I%184�9<10i�i]'(#B�i%)#&,A5N<¦62�Î%(�3?@!->3'��i%).$'(� 62. �I#4')�3.$#&%*?@,G6$# §N�95;%�84� �I,A?T!-,/'(%(�9?@�35;%*>384�9�I%(')#4:;.$�Î6$�9<�I,A?T!-,A<)�"5;%�<3`A�f5j�3,/5N<(>9:;.$�95N�I�S62�K:;.$,A#\W;84�9<E62>38B�"#B<�'(>=�"84#4<(>9< �N.N�R%).$�35;%=`$gd,/. <e!N�/8&84#4,/5N<8&�=<^#45N�I�9'D%)# %).N62�9<C<D.$'C8&�¦')�I%��"'�6 �95�8&�=<��/<)<D�9'(0G#B<(<)�"5;%=` neO �/.2%(')�¦�b0i�"5;%)�/V/�@62.7�I,A5;%(';�/84�62�9<a')�I%��"'�6$<K<D�9')��62�@'(�95N62')�1,A! >9')�"%(#4,/5$5$�98�8&�k�I#4'��I.$#&%K!-,/.N'^!$8&. <D#4�3.$'�<SLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<a62�<D#4V/5 �".2l[` ny�k!$8B�"VA�^LM'(>=:;.$�35;%(#4�38484��1 B ! ,;<(<(#4Q$8&�162>3!-�35N6 62�C8B�*6$F;5 �"?@#4:;.$�162�C')�I%��"'�6 13��<(.$'d8XO �35N<(�3?1Q$8&��6$�9<d�3�3848&.$84�9<d�I%S62�C84�TLM')>9:;.$�95N�I��62�^')>ILM>9'(�95N�I� B ; 1 4:i�� ;"` �f848&��9<D%d62,/5$5N>3�^!N�/'

1 B 1 4� ; 5 13� 5 4

� ; � 13�62,/5$5 �"5;%2O

1 B 1 ?YB ; 6 � �4�5 � 6 � � � c © � ` � ­gd,/. <y�b0A,/5N<o#&5;%(>9'�M3%�US���$,/#B<D#4'o.N5$��62FG5N�/?@#4:;.$�J62��')�I%��"'�6a>384�30A>3�f!-,/.$'�,/Q$%(�35N#&'�.$5$�62FG5N�"?@#B:;.$�@LM'(>=:;.$�35;%(#4�38484�k#&?@!-,/'(%)�"5;%)�/`����9! �95N6$�"5;%=Wo<D#�84�+6$F;5 �"?@#4:;.$�¦6$�k!$�N�/<(�¦62�84�C8&#4V/5N�cU�')�I%��"'�6@�9<D%J<(.$! >9'(#4�3.N'�U ?�@ WA8B��Q-,/. �I84�c')#4<):;.$�c6[O �/�9�I'),G���N�3'e<(.$'J.$5¦?k�".$0i�/#4<>I%��i%*62�+!$� �/<(�/`fgd,A.N<@�Il2!$84#B:A.N�3'),/5N<@!$84.N<@%��"'�6��3,/?@?@�35;%*�I��')#4<):;.$�+��>I%)>+!$'(#B<@�35�I,A?T!$%(�^6$�"5 <_84�@�3,/5N�3�3!2%)#&,A5j62.+�3#&'��I.$#&%9`

�E�D�h��� j M�h�;�;�P� �_�(�G�A�y¢ �y¥e��c���$�P�G���N�no��Q-,/. �I84�KUC0/�3')'),/.$#48&8B�"VA�d62�K'(�3%)�"'�6@�9<D%E'(�9!$'(>=<D�95;%(>3�S<D.$'J8B�^§NVA.$'(� � ` � `�h%(. 62#&,A5N<

KluKlu

Kfiltre

Kcp

Klu

e e eϕref u−pτ u−pτ u−pτ

ϕ1

ϕ2

ϕ3

±E²´³fµ Ò · �1¹*ÇoÃ?@-¿/ÐNÀ3Â&¾�Æ= Ã�� �(¾�<)Ñ;Á�� �D¾6BT¾9Ä;¼Í�È <2:��D¾9ÄA¼jÂ&¾�ÀI¿�B@È ¿�<D¼)¾�B@¾3Ä;¼+Æ2¾ À3¾I¼(¼(¾ @ ¿AÐNÀIÂ4¾ Æ$Ã"Ä���Â4¾ Æ2¿�BkÃ"Á4Ä$¾ Æ$¾��jÈ �NÃ��D¾��3·EÇP¾

Page 64: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�����Y� ���& � �� � �Y��3,/.$'��"5;% "_*5EJ.E�9<D%d!$'),/!-,/'(%(#4,/5$5N�38[U@84�k6$# p >3')�35N�3��62�^!$�N�A<D�^62�=<d<(#&VA5N�".2l�#&5N�3#46$�35;%)<d�/.��m *5� ' * EJ. 5 � 7 $ � *5EJ.J.3`

" *5EJ. 1 � �!*5� ' * EJ. 5 � 7 $ � * EJ.�. © � ` � ­

� �!�9<D%��"!$!-�384>d84�dVA�/#&5¦6$.¦�I,/?@!N�/')�"%(�9.$'e62�d!N�N�/<(�/`;gd,/. <f62>I§ 5$#4<)<(,/5N<e>3VA�/8&�9?@�35;%!N�/'�� ) � 8&�kV;�"#45�6PO .$5N�*�I�98&84.$84�¦U�'(�3%)�"'�6 �I% � ) 84�kVA�/#&5 62�¦8XO �35N<(�3?1Q$8&�¦6$�9<��3�3848&.$84�9<U*'(�3%)�"'�6[`-m�,/.$'K.$5$�@�I�98&84.$84�/W-8&�@62>3!N�N�/<)�"VA��#&5;%)'(,262.$#&%a0b�/.2%FO�� � � * EJ. 1 � ) � * EJ. & � *5EJ.R`m�,/.N' � � �3�3848&.$84�9<E#48P0i�".$%2O

� � * EJ. 1 �3� � ) �<*5EJ. &�� +,7 ) *5EJ. 1 � ) * EJ. &��:* EJ.�K�"5N<_84�^62,/?k�/#&5$�^62��ny�"!$8B�/�3��O

� ' *6,7. 1 �7$ � *6,7. � �! � 5 � � *-,7.�� 4�� � !���� � � ! c �����

� ' *6,7. 1 �7$ � *6,7. � �! � 5 � ) � � ! � � !;),+,7 $�*-,7. *5� ' *6,7. 5 � 7 $ � *6,7.J.�� 4�� � !���� � � ! c �����6[O ,�% O

� ' *-,/. 1 � �! � � � ) � � ! � � !*)*+,7 $:*6,7. � 4�� � �!�� � � � �! c � � �4�� � ) � � ! � � !;),+,7 $ *-,7. * 4�� � �!�� � � � �! c � � . �7$ � *-,/. © � ` � ­

no�ÎQ ,A.N�I84�¦<D���I,/?@!-,/'(%(�¦�3,/?@?@�¦.$5 !N�A<(<(�@%(,A.2%9`�nfO �"?@!$84# § �9�i%)#&,A5762. Q$').$# %1�9<D%?@#45$#&?@�c©JI � «:LM­ �I%y! �9.2%zM3%(')�f5$>3VA8&#4V/>9�/`Im�,A.$'o62�=<P!-�3'(%(.$')QN�i%)#&,A5N<o6$�hLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<[!N'(,2���$�=<62�_�3�3848&�d62�E8B�a'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�/Wb5$,A.N<f�b0/,A5N<<,�� ��� U #4� B � �3� B ; ©Mm�,/.N'�%(,/. <�8&�=<f�3�/84�3.$84<h6$�Q$').$#&%)<yU_0/�95$#&'=W35N,/.N<o5$,/.N<y?k�"#45;%(#4�35N62'),/5 <PUd�I�J�3�A<)­I` �S�e?FM3?@�/WbUd62�=<PLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=< %(')H9<!$'),2���$�9<^6$�¦84�Î! ,A'D%)�3.N<(�/WP5N,/.N<^!-,/.N0/,/5 <^>3V;�"84�3?@�35;%�>9�3'(#4')� � �! � 1 4 `�nfO >9:;.N�"%(#4,/5� ` � 62�30G#4�35;%�9*-,/. � �

7$ � *-,/.

�S�^!$8&. <3WN<9O �"V/#B<)<(�/5A%E6[O .$5j§N8 %)'(�^! �/<)<D�3]XQN�A<3W @:A;B! C�D � � !;),+,7 $ *-,7. 1$U W$6$,/5N�FO

@:A;B! C�D � 9 *6,7. 1 � �! � � 7 $ � *-,7.l�m wqmX����n-� � u�pYp�yAo p %u��<m

nP�a%)�3?@!N<d6PO �A�3�I'),2���N�"VA�K6$�^84�TQ-,/.N�38&�^�=<Z%d84�a%(�9?T! <d5$>=�I�9<)<)�"#4'(�a�".�<DF2<D%(H9?T�^! �"'(]%��"5;%a6PO .$5 >I%��i%a#&5$#&%(#B�"8h!-,/.N'K�A<(<(�3')0G#&'S�35 !$�N�/<(�C8XO �35;%(')>3�T�I%a84�j<(,/'(%(#4�162�T84��84#&VA5$�T6$�')�I%��"'�6[` �y#&l2,/5N<@.N5$�+62>I§N5N# %)#&,A56$.�%)�3?@!N<k6[O �/�9�I'),2���N�"VA� E � `eno��<(F2<Z%)H3?@�+62>3?k�/'(')��b0A�9�S.$5$�^�3')')�3.$' 1'& ; <(.$' &��9`� ) * & � *-,/. � 1'&T; *6,7.�. 1 �

9*6,7. 5 �

7$ � *-,/.

Page 65: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� ������� ����� �D����� ��)( ������� �%�����)(� �z���� �$!"� !�&��z�J�gd,/. <�! ,;<D,A5N< 1��?$A*6,7. 1 1 � 9 *-,7. 5 � 7 $ � *-,7.y8XO �9'(')�3.N'�6$��!$� �/<(���95A%)'(�E8XO �95;%(')>3�J�I%h84�<D,A'D%)#&�A`G�h% 1 ��$�*-,7. 1 1 � 9 *-,/.E<D#[8B�T!$�N�/<(�� 7 $ � �=<Z%d���$,A#4<(#4�a�3,/?@?@�a5$,"%)'(�K'(>3LM>3')�35N�3�/`& � *6,7. 1 � � !*),+,7 $:*-,/.��7*-,/. � E��7*-,/. 1 � �

!1 ��$

�c�=<d62�3.$l�>9:;.N�"%(#4,/5N<J!$')>9�3>962�95;%(�9<9W25$,A.N<E,/Q2%)�35$,A5N<hO1 �?$1'& ; 1 � )4�� � ) � � ! � � !;),+,7 $ *6,7. © � ` � ­

�SO �=<Z%d.$5+<(F2<Z%)H3?@�^�/<)<D�9'(0G# #&5 �I,/5 62# %)#&,A5$5$�98&84�3?@�35;%c<D%)�/Q$8&�FI « � L¨` �K�"5N<E84���3�A<E,�%j8&�§N8&%(')�K�=<Z%c�3,/5N<D%(#&%(.N>�6[O .N5$�^<D#4?@!$8&���9�"!N�A�I#&%(>FO!� � !;),+,7 $ *-,7. 1 4:i�� ,oW25$,A.N<_�b0/,A5N<NO1�� $ 1 , � ) 1'& ;, � ��� � %

© � ` � ­�S�/5N<_84�a6$,/?k�"#45$�K%(�9?T!-,/')�38XW$8B�T'(>9! ,A5N<D�^UT.$5�>9���N�384,/5�62�K%(�35 <D#4,/5�1'&�;^�=<Z%2O

1��?$A*5EJ. 1 � ) 1'&�; � � � � % ���� +gd,/. <f62#B<D,A5N<h:;.$�_84�KQ-,/.N�38&�d�a�A�3�I'),2���$>J! ,A.$'?E �c6$>I§N5$#N!N�"' � �� � %� +�� � c� 1 � ©M84�*<(#&VA5N�"8f�+�"%D%(�9#&5;% �\� � 62�*��0i�"84�3.$'�§N5N�"8ª­T`yno�@%(�9?T! <C6[O �/�9�I'),G��� �"V/�T!-�3.2%@62,/5N�MI%)'(�a�9<D%(#4?@>^!N�"' OE � 1 ?A@1�� ) � � !

© � ` KA­�6�%p\o��)� � �zrvm �/wqnh�%m n ��l�l�n[ 8\O ,/')#4V/#45$�_62�9<�%)�3?@!N<h5N,/.N<h5N�c<(�b0A,/5N<�!N�A<h:;.$#N62�=<e62�9.2lT<(#&VA5N�".$lC�9<D%f�35k�b0i�"5N�3�/`8 5*<(#4V/5N�/8N�35*'(�3%)�"'�6T! �9.2%_�"!$!N�/')�A94%)'(�d�/.¦�I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'e62�S!$�N�A<D�c�3,/?@?@�c�95¦�b0b�/5N�I�<D#f�3�¦62�3')5$#4�3'��3,/5N<(#46$H3')�184�@LM'(,A5;%^6PO .$5N�k! >9'(#4,262�@!$'(>=�I>=62�35;%(�A`y���38B�j�35;%('��:9ª5$�k:;.$�k84�Q ,A.N�I84�^�/�9�I'),G���N�c�"84,/'�<E:A.N�S8XO �95;%(')>3�K�I%_84�@<(,/'(%(#4�S<(,/5;%_62>3!$� �/<(>3�9<E62� d @ ,/. � @ `4`&`$no�9<62>3!N�N�/<)�"VA�9<d�95;%(')�T�3�3848&.$84�9<K5$�@<(,/5;%a�/8&,A')<c!$84.N<a>3V;�".2lÎU ?�@zi ���K?@�/#4<a�/. 62,/.NQ$8&�@,A.�".�%)'(#4!$84�C62�1�3�I%(%(�C0i�/8&�9.$'9` mf84.N<D#4�3.N')<S<DF2<D%(H3?@�=<d84,/V/#B:;.$�9<d,/5;%c>I%)>C!$'),/!-,A<(>9<hI � L�!-,/.$'62>I%)�9�I%(�3'd<(.$'d:;.$�98&84�^!$�N�A<D�a8B�1Q-,/. �I84���/�3�3'(,2���N�/# %=`k 8��=<Z%a!-,A<)<D#4Q$84�162�@<D�1!N�/<)<(�3'a62��%)�38B<K<(F2<Z%)H3?@�9<S�35*YZ,/.N�/5;%K<(.$'S8B�j62FG5N�"?@#B:A.N�162�'(�3%)�/')6¦6$�9<_�I�98&84.$84�9<J�I%d<(.$'E8\O #45$# %)#4�/8&#B<)�i%(#4,/5j�"'(%(#&§ �I#4�38484�K62�=<E0i�"84�3.$'�<E62�K6$>3!N�/'D%d�I,A?@?T��I�984�k<(�3'��1L´�"#&%c! ,A.$'c84�9<c�I#4')�3.$# %�<d')>9�/8&#B<D>=<3`TZ2#o8XO ,A5�<(,/.N�N�"#&%(���b0A,/#4' � 1 4 �I%c>90;#&%(�9'd84�9<0i�"84�3.$'�<a<D.$!->3')#4�3.$')�9<9W[#&8f<(.DC@%C:;.$�@8&�=<2� � �I�38484.$8&�=<^�"#4�35;%^.$5$�k62FG5N�/?T#B:;.$�@�35�!$�N�A<D�<Z%)'(#B�R%)�3?@�35;%_#452LM>3')#&�9.$')�aU c�

# %�/.2%(,A.$'d62�^84�3.$'_!-,/#45;%c6[O >9:;.$#48&#4Q$')�/`

�¦r)q � |��j������w �C�� { ^�yw �I|_{ }�|_{��J|4���I���I|_{nfO ,/Q2YZ�=�R%(#&Lh62�C�I�3%D%)�^!N�"'(%(#4�a�9<D%c62��:;.N�"5;%(#&§N�9'_84�k�3,/5;%(')#&QN.2%(#4,/5�62�9<c62# p >3')�35;%�<_>384>I]?@�35;%)<KQ$').$FA�/5;%)<K62. �3#&'��I.$#&%�6$�"5 <c84�k62,/?k�"#45$�C%(�3?@!-,/')�38��I%^84�T6$,/?k�"#45$��LM')>9:;.$�95;%(#4�38�".2lT<D,A'D%)#&�=<h62�9<h�3�3848&.$84�9<e62�E'(�3%)�"'�6[`A��,A5A%)')�/#&')�3?@�95A%h�".$lC!$')#&5N�3#&! �".2l�%)')�b0i�/.2l1:;.$#$,A5A%>I%)>_'(>=�"84#4<(>9<h<(.$'f84�d<D."YZ�I%�I « � L¨W/5N,/.N<h�3,/5N<(#46$>3')�3'),/5N<�8XO �A�R%(#4,/5k62�c84�aQ-,/.N�38&�d<(.$'f84�_Q$').$#&%9`

Page 66: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� �T� � � � �)(� �0�F(�� � � ���% ����!"��� �%������(z����� ���

�E�X�E�D� � �$�o�;�o¥��2���$�Z�e¥��d�o���c�����P�$�o¥��$� �c� �c� �$�mf84.N<(#&�9.$')<_<(,/.N')�3�9<_62�aQ$').$#&%)<_�3lG#B<D%(�35;%=`$nP�9<_�3�3848&.N8&�=<_V/>95$H3')�35;%E.$5�Q$'(.N# %c62�a!$� �/<(�

�� ! ')�/?@�35$>jUÎ84�3.$'k<(,/'(%(#4���yno��Q$84,2��6$�j�3,/?@?k�"5N62���I%k84�*§N8&%(')���3,/5;%(')#4Q$.$�35;%@�35�.$5Q$').$#&%f�35@%)�35N<(#&,A5@')�/?T�95$>dUa8XO �95A%)'(>9�d62�d8B�^�I,A?T?k�/5N62�d62�d')�I%��"'�6 �� �8 �/nfO ,A<)�I#48484�"%(�3.N'U+:;.N�/'D%H�T!-,A<)<(H962�¦<(,/5�Q$').$#&%162�¦!$� �/<(� ��

7$ � �ynP�¦�3,/?@!N�/')�"%(�3.N'�62�k!$�N�A<D�k�3%162�*<)�

!N�/'D%)#&�T!-,/?@! �k62�@���N�/'(VA�1�I,A5;%(')#&Q$.N�35;%K�95 .$5��I,A.$'��"5;%K62�@Q$').$#&% � " �!`PnP�@<(���N>3?k��6$�8B�1§NV/.$')� � ` � !N'(>=<D�95A%)�a8&�=<_<D,A.$')�3�9<E62�^Q$').$#&%)<d6$.��3#&'��I.N# %=`

Kfiltre

Kcp

KluKluKlu

e e e

Vcmd

I cp

ϕref

−pτ u −pτ u −pτ u

ϕ ϕcell

(i)

ϕ

1

3

(<),+�- � ` � . Z2F;5N,/!2%)#4:;.$�^62�^8B� �Snyn �b0/�9�K<(�9<EQ$').$#&%)<

�E�X�E�\� j����c�N�S� ���c��¥S���D���c�e¢£���(¥d� ���$���E�d�o¥��$�Z�y��S>I%(�9'(?@#45$,/5 <yUS!$')>9<(�35;%y8B�c�3,/5;%(')#&QN.2%(#4,/5C6$�9<�62# p >3')�35;%�<oQ$').$#&%)<�!$')>9<(�35;%(>=<o�/.CQ$').$#&%62�T!$�N�A<D�T62�9<a<(#&VA5N�".$l+�/.2l <(,/'(%(#4�9<K62�9<a�I�98&84.$84�9<9`~[ %)# %)'(�k6[O �Il2�3?@!$84�/W >3%(.N62#4,/5 <S8XO #&52]

�N.N�35N�3�Î62� �I�=<¦Q$').$#&%)<¦<(.$'¦84�ÎQ$').$#&%�62�Î!N�N�/<(�ÎU 8B� <D,A'D%)#&�Î62� 84��!$')�3?@#4H3')�Î�I�98&84.$84��� `�6���%x%m �zpYm 62.ÎQ$').$#&%cV/>95$>3')>�!N�/'d84�¦! ,A?T!-�16$�1���N�/'(VA�K�3%S!N�/'c84�C�I,A?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'2OZG.N!$! ,;<D,A5N<_:;.PO #&8P�3l2#4<D%(�^.$5�Q$').$#&%cUT84�k<(,/'(%(#4�^62�a84�@!-,/?@!-��62�����N�"')V/���" �

!` �c>3%(�3')?@# ]5$,A5N<�<D,A51#45N�3#462�95N�I�_UK8B�S<(,/'(%(#4�J6$�_84�K�I�98&84.$84�/`"no�S%)�35N<(#&,A5'& �

8 US8\O �35;%(')>3�_62.@<(FG<D%(H9?@�62�^�3,/?@?k�"5N62�^62�=<_')�I%)�/')6N<�0i�/.2%2O

& �8 1 � � !*),+,7 $ � " � ! � � " � ! ����I%(%(�c%(�35 <D#4,/5k#45N62.$#&%E.$5*62>9!$�N�/<)�"VA�(� � U^8B��<(,/'(%(#4�c6[O .$5$�K�I�38484.$8&�K62�d')�I%��"'�6T%(�38484�:;.$�FO& �8 � ) � 1 � �

nP�T�I,A.$')�/5;%cV/>95$>3')>C!N�/'c84�T�3,/?@!N�/')�"%(�3.N'c62>3!-�35 6 62. 62>3!$� �/<)�"V/���# %

5 �%;T�3'(>9>�/.2l*�IlG%)'(>9?T#&%(>=<_62�^8B�184#4V/5$�^62�^')�I%��"'�6Î`-���98&.$#&] �I#[0i�".2%2O" �! 1 5 � �

!* �#&%

5 �z;:. 1 5 � �!� � � 4�� � �!�� � � � �! c � � �

Page 67: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� ������� ����� �D����� ��)( ������� �%�����)(� �z���� �$!"� !�&��z�J��c�=<E%('),/#B<E!$')>9�I>=62�35;%)�9<E>9:;.N�"%(#4,/5N<9WG5$,/. <_�b0/,/5 <"O

� � !*),+,7 $ � � " � ! 5 � � ! � � � 4�� � �!���� � � ! c � � � � 1 � �� ) �gd,/. <C�I,A5N<(#462>9'(�9'(,A5N<^�I,A?@?T�*5$,/.N<�8\O �b0/,A5N<^!$')>9�3#4<(>k!$')>9�I>=62�3?@?@�35;%�© � `4¬/` � ­a:;.$�� !�� � 4 `�[d#45N<D#

� ) � � � !;),+,7 $ � " � ! 1 � � * 4�� � �!� ) � � !;),+,7 $ .#&�A` � �

� " �!1 � ) � � � !;),+,7 $4�� � �

!� ) � � !;),+,7 $^1 4

� �� ) � � !;),+,7 $4�� � �!� ) � � !*),+,7 $�CO ,�%

�� � " �!1 4� �

� ) � � !*)*+,7 $4�� � �!� ) � � !;),+,7 $nfO �/�R%)#&,A5 §N8&%(')� 8B�7! �"'(%(#4� QN�A<(<(�ÎLM')>9:;.$�95N�I� 62. Q$').$#&% � " �

!` k 8a!-�3.2%��Il2#B<Z%)�3'j.$5$��I�9'D%��"#45$��>95$�3')V/#4��6$��Q$').$#&%fUc8B�dLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�E62�E�I,A?T! �"'��"#B<D,A5¦©´�3�A<�:A.N�J5N,/.N<�')�I%('),/.N0/,/5 <6$�"5 <�8&�=<�menony<)­I`YZG#284�E§N8 %)'(�E5$�E8XO �"%D%)>35G.$�_!N�A<3Wb5$,A.N<�84�K')�I%)'(,A.$0/�9'(#4,/5N<�62,A5N�E�".T5$#&0A�9�/.62�^8B�T<(,/'(%(#4�a62�^84�@�3�3848&.$84�/`k 5 �N.$�95N�I� �%x QN'(.$#&%aV/>35N>3')>�!N�"'a84�1<(F2<Z%)H3?@�T6$�T�3,/?@?k�"5N62�aO[gd,/. <K�3,/5N<(#B62>3'),/5N<84�@!N'(>=<D�95N�I�^6[O .$5+Q$').$#&%c�35j%(�95N<(#&,A5 �&��

8 U@8XO �35;%(')>3�^62.Î<(F2<Z%)H3?@��62�C�3,/?@?k�"5N62�A`$nP�LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5$5N�3?@�35;%c62�a8B�1Q-,/. �I84�^#&?@!-,A<(�K84��<(FG<D%(H9?@�a<(.$#40i�"5;%2O

1��2��3 � & �

8 � �& �

8 � � ) � 1 � �& �

8 1 � � !*),+,7 $ � " � ! � � " � ! �" �! 1 5 � �

!�3� � �k 8P0G#&�95A%2O

�� �& �8 1 4� �

� )4�� � �!� ) � � !*)*+,7 $

�6� ��x%m��%p\m 6[O .$5kQ$').$#&%eV/>95$>3')>_!N�/'f.$5$�K�I�38484.$8&�POA62�_L´�&�I,A5@�/'(QN# %)')�/#&')�/W"���$,A#4<(#B<(<(,/5N<62�1�9�"8B�I.$84�3'S84���I,A5A%)'(#4Q$.2%)#&,A5Î62. QN'(.$#&%SVA>35$>9'(>C!N�"'S84��62�3.2l2#4H3?@�1�3�3848&.N8&� �� � $ ),) * ? .d<(.$'8&�^QN'(.$#&%E%(,/%)�"8o,/QN<(�3')0/>KU@84�@<(,/'(%(#4�K62�^8B�T!$')�3?@#&H9'(�^�3�3848&.$84�¦©ª§ VN` � ` � ­I`$gd,A.N<d�b0/,A5N<"O� ' 5 �%; 1 & �

8 � ) � �� � $ ),) * ? .

� ' 5 � ; 1 " � � !;),+,7 $ � ) � �� � $ ),) * ? . © � ` �A­8 5$�@#4?T!N.$84<(#4,/5 �95 �3,/.$'��"5;% "EU�8B��<(,/'(%(#4�T6$. �I,A?@!N�"'��i%)�3.$'K62>3!$� �/<(�184�T<(#4V/5N�/8�U84�@<(,/'(%(#4�^6[O .N5$���I�98&84.$84�a6$��� � %(�38484��:A.N�^O

Page 68: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� �T� � � � �)(� �0�F(�� � � ���% ����!"��� �%������(z����� ���

" � � !;),+,7 $ � ) � 1 � ��S,/5N�

" 1 � �� � !;),+,7 $ � ) ��S�^8\O >9:;.N�"%(#4,/5N< � ` �NW25$,/.N<E,AQ2%(�95$,/5 <hO��

�� � $ ),) * ? . 1� �

�� � $ ),) * ? . 1 5 4� �

� �!� � !;),+,7 $ � )4�� � �!� � !*),+,7 $ � )

© � `4¬ � ­�6���%x%m �zpYm 62.+Q$').$# %K�"!$!-,/'(%(>C6$��8\O �IlG%)>3')#&�9.$'d!N�/'d8\O �$,A'(84,/VA��62��')>ILM>3')�35 �I�^O gc,/.N<�b0A,/5N<K?@,/5;%(')>k!$')>9�3>962�9?T?@�95A%C:;.$�k8B��Q-,/.N�38&�¦<(�*�I,A?@! ,A'D%)�@�3,/?@?@�k.$5 !N�A<(<(�I]X%(,A.2%0G#B<Z] Ui]¨0G#4<J62.+<D#4V/5 �"8P62�a')>ILM>3')�35 �I�/` k 8o�35��9<D%d62�^?FM3?@�^! ,A.$'d<(,/5jQ$'(.N# % ��

7$ � O

�� ��7$ � 1 4 © � `4¬/¬b­

��o��zpYstx%nqrvo � � nP�kQ$').$#&%C62�¦!$� �/<(�@U�8B�+<(,/'(%(#4�¦62�k84��!N'(�9?T#4H3')�¦�I�98&84.$84�k�9<D%C62,/5 ��3,/?@! ,;<D>@62. Q$').$# %^VA>35$>9'(>T!N�"'a8B�*!N'(�9?T#4H3')�k�I�98&84.$84� �� � $ ),) * 4 .RWP62�=<^�I,/5;%)'(#4Q$.2%)#&,A5N<a62.Q$').$#&%E6$�c%),/.2%)�9<J8&�=<E�I�38484.$8&�=< �� � $ ),) * � .e0G#B�C8B�1Q ,A.N�I84�K6$�S')>I%)'(,;�/�R%)#&,A5k�I%E§N5N�/8&�9?@�35;%E6$��& �8 W �� �!` �S�/5N<^84�¦�3�/<a>90G#462�95;%�,�%�8&�@§ 8 %)'(�¦62�kQ-,/. �I84�¦<D�k')>9<(.$?@�kU�.$5$�¦�3�/!N�/�3# %)>')�384#&>9�^U18B�T?k�/<)<D�AW25$,/.N<_�b0A,/5N< � � !;),+,7 $ 1 4:i�� ,j�3% O

�� 1 ��7$ � � � ) i"�, � � � �� � !�3� � , � ), � � � �& � 8 �3� � �� � $ ),) * 4 . 5 � �, � � � '���� �� � $ )*) * � .�3� © � `4¬=«A­

no�jQ-,/.N�38&�k<(�¦�I,A?T!-,/'(%(�@�I,A?@?T�@.$5 §N8&%(')�k!N�A<(<(�I]¨QN�/<S0G#4<D] Ui]¨0;#B<a62�9<aQN'(.$#&%)<a#B<)<D.N<62�=<E�I�38484.$8&�=<J�I%d62.��I,/?@!N�/')�"%(�9.$'J6$�S!$� �/<(�S�3%_�3,/?@?@�S.N5*§N8&%(')�a!N�/<)<(�I]¨�N�".2%J0G#4<D]¨U"]X0G#B<62.jQ$').$#&%c62.+<DF2<D%(H3?@�^62���3,/?@?k�"5N62�A`l�u��%m �zn=r w � nf��m p\w yAu�stm �%m%yAxzrtwFuTx$� nqo<y:wqrtm n�%m nFpYm svstx%stm n

�hl$�"?@#45$,/5 <E8&�aQ$').$#&%_U18B�T<(,/'(%(#4�a62�a84�T#4H3?@�^�I�38484.$8&� �� ! ©ª§ VN` � ` � ­I` k 8[�9<D%d�I,/?@!-,A<(>62. Q$').$# %^U�84��<D,A'D%)#&�@62�T8\O >I%��"V/�1!$')>9�I>=62�35;% �� ! WP62. Q$'(.N# %a')�/!$!-,/'(%(>C! �"'K84�j�I�98&84.$84��� � $ ),) * " .h�3%�62�c8B���3,/')'(�=�R%(#4,/5@62�S84�^Q-,/. �I84�/`Agc,/.N<e')�/!$!-�384,/5N<�:A.N�d5$,/. <e�b0/,A5N<h<(.$!$!-,A<(>:;.$�a84�^VA�"#45�6[O .N5$�^�I�38484.$8&�^')�9<D%(�a.$5N# %��"#4'(�a!-,/.$'E%),/.2%)�9<_84�9<JLM')>9:;.$�95N�I�=<3`nP�^QN'(.$#&%dUT84�k<(,/'(%(#4�K6PO .$5N���I�38484.$8&��<9O �Il2!$')#&?@�^�"84,/'�<E62�a84�TL´�&�I,/5�<(.$#&0i�/5A%)�

�� ! 1 ��7$ � � !���� �� * � . 5 "

���� � �, � � � #&%���� �� * � . � � ) i"�, � � � �� � ! � , � ), � � � �& � 8 �© � `4¬ � ­

Page 69: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� K ������� ����� �D����� ��)( ������� �%�����)(� �z���� �$!"� !�&��z�J�

Contribution du bruit des cellules via la boucle

Bruit équivalent du signal incident Contribution du bruit de la cellule i

i−1 i i+1

(<),+ - � ` � .*nP�9<dQ$'(.N# %�<_�".j5$#&0A�9�/.j6[O .$5$���3�3848&.N8&�ZG,/#&% / ! * B .�84�k6$�35N<(# %)>^<D!-�9�I%('��"84�a6$�^Q$'(.N# %cUT8B�T<(,/'(%(#4�^62�^���N�/�3.$5$�^62�=<d�I�98&84.$84�9<9`

/ ! * B . 1 �� ! * B . �� �! * B . © � `4¬ � ­gd,/. <��"848&,A5N<^<(.$!$!-,A<(�3'�:;.$�k84�9<^�I,A5;%(')#&Q$.$%(#4,/5N<^62�=<^Q$').$#&%)< �� �

!�I% �& �

8 <D,A5;%a5N>I]V/84#&VA�9�/Q$8&�=<C©´�;FG!-,"%)�$H9<(�1�3,/')'(,AQ ,A'(>9�^!N�"'S84��<D#4?C.$8B�i%)#&,A5 ­R`/[y0/�9��, 1 > ?A@�B �3% (^* B . 1� %� � � � % W$8\O �Il2!$')�9<)<(#&,A5 � `4¬ � 62�90;#4�35;%2O

�� ! * B . 1 ��7$ � * B . � !���� ���* � �_B . 5 "

� � (^* B . #&%���� �� * � �_B .no��62�35 <D#&%(>k<(! �=�R%('��"84� / ! * B .K<3O �Il2!$')#&?@�T�35 LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5�62�@84��62�95N<(# %)>@<(!-�9�R%)')�/8&�@62�Q$').$# %h62�E8XO �$,A'(84,/VA��62�J')>ILM>3')�35 �I�*/

7$ � * B .y�3%h6$�J�3�3848&�E62.@<D#4V/5N�/8262�J<(,/'(%(#4��6PO .$5N�E�3�3848&.N8&�UT'(�3%)�"'�6�/�* B .I`$gd,/. <J%('),/.$0A,/5N<a©M0A,/#4'd�"5$5N�Il2� [S­NO

/ ! * B . 1 /7$ � * B . �

" � � � � " � Q (^* B . Q c 5 ? � � *�(^* B .J. � ��3� /�* B .� ��� ���,/5;%(')#4Q$.2%(#4,/5�62�=<_�I�38484.$8&�=<

© � `4¬ � ­/ ! * B .h<(�d'(>=<D.N?T�S�".2l@�Il2!$')�9<)<D#4,/5 <h<D.$#40i�"5;%(�=<f')>9�3#&!$'),2:;.$�3?@�35;%e6$�/5N<f�3%e�35¦6$�3�$,A')<62�^8B�1Q �"5N62�FO� � B B � ( � *-,/.�� 4 � E / ! * B .�� / 7 $ � * B . � � # % ! �# % " /�* B .

� B � B � (^*-,/.�� U � E / ! * B .�� / 7 $ � * B . � " /�* B . © � `4¬ � ­�S�/5N<�84�cQN�"5N6$�e!N�A<(<)�"5;%(�AW=Uc84�S<D,A'D%)#&�J62�e8B�K�I�38484.$8&� "�W98B�cQ-,/. �I84���d.N5C�Ip �I%h�I,A'(')�9�I%(#&L©M�95j84#45$>9�/#&')�=­J<(.$'_8&�aQ$').$#&%d#4<)<(.�6$�9<_�I�98&84.$84�9<_62�^O

��� � 1 � � 5 "� � © � `4¬ � ­

Page 70: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� �T� � � � �)(� �0�F(�� � � ���% ����!"��� �%������(z����� � �no���3,/')'(�=�R%(#4,/5�<3O �"?@!$84# § �j84��8&,A5$V 62��84� 84#&VA5$�+U ')�I%��"'�6[`R[�84��62�9'(5N#&H9'(���I�98&84.$84�©5" 1 � � ­RW/5N,/.N<h')�I%)'(,A.$0/,A5N<�8&�dL´�"#&%�:;.$�_8&�cQ$'(.N# %�6$�9<f�3�3848&.$84�9<e6$�"5N<e84�aQ �"5N62�_! �/<)<(�/5A%)�62�c84�^Q-,/. �I84�d�9<D%f%(,/%)�/8&�9?T�95;%��I,A'(')#&VA>/`�[c.k?T#484#&�9.*6[O .$5$�d84#&VA5$�cU^')�I%��"'�6[W"8B���I,A'(')�9�I%(#4,/5�"%D%(�9#&5;%d�"#45N<(#[62>ZYDU � = � V/'_�/�3�KU18\O �/<)<(�3')0;#B<)<D�9?T�95;%9`Gno�1§NV/.N'(� � ` � #4848&.N<D%(')�a.$5�<D!-�9�I%(')�%ZFG!$#B:;.$�^U18B�@<D,A'D%)#&�^6[O .$5$���3�3848&.N8&��:;.$�984�3,/5N:;.$�A`

S (f)i

Puis

sanc

es

f cf fréquences0

Contribution de l’horloge de référence d’une cellule

Contribution du bruit des cellule

LégendeDensité spectrale de bruit à la sortie d’une cellule

refc

#�$&%�'���*��3,/.10�ED@c0Yot6ed90<0f5���d9p�B}6!@�d94+o���03x^?A8Ee4�de6eBA0<;\| p�5k0�ot0f?A?Ap�?C0�z7p�0Y?Aof4�5kz7p�0� p�d�of0t6e6e0ik:_p�de0_��?C0��d9p�BC6-;+0?Z| ��4_de?A4�:_0^;+0hd9bt�&bYde0Y5kot0^0YED6�@�d9bY;+4_2BC5k8�576�� pkE9z7p\| x

?{8��&d9bYz7p�0f5Mot0��� ��� Eep�d�?A0 �kdep�BC6>;+0�E-of0f?A?Cp�?A0YEY*�.\0/��d9p�BC6>;+0�E-ot0Y?C?Ap�?A0YE>0YED6>;+bf6e0fd92BC5kb6���bf4_deB{z7p�0f20f576�@k8�d�?A83�&4�d92-p�?A0���* ��+*���pkE9z7p\| x~?{8<�&d9bYz7p�0Y5kot0l;+0lof4�p�@kp�de0l;�0l?A8<�c4�pMot?A0 � p�5�0h@k8�dD69BC0h;+p ��d9p�BC6�0YED6-ot4�d9d9BC:_bf0�*\=�0t6e6e0/5k4�p��_0f?A?C0^�&4�d92-pk?A8"6eBA4�5�;�p Ee@c0Yo 69de0/z7p�BEY| 4_@�@c4_Ee0vxot0Y?C?A0�;+0�� (��+���_(�����Ee0fdr8^��8�?CB{;+bY0<;k8"5kE ?A0YElo��M8"@�BC6ed90YE Eep�BC�W8�5_6rEf*��� ���!� "$#&%('�)+*-,/.(021+3546#7.(8:9;02*<1=#7,>#?9;@A8B'C#?4D JcL)NfVWRFE2G1N�R�JcL�NIHSU7JMVWRKJLGSG QMGNESVOG�R�NhQ�GQPSR�GX[�[!G�[ZGQPUT][�O]PMRZPVGSGWl4_pkE�5k4�pkE3@kde4_@M47ED4_5kE�;�| 0t�+@�d9BC20Yd�?A8 of4�576ed9BA��p+6eBA4�5 ;�p���depkB}6>;�0YE-of0f?A?Cpk?C0�E-x�?{8:_BC:_p�0+XZYK[�\ x-?{8ED4_dD69BC0<;+03o��k8�ofp�5�0<;�| 0f576ed90<0f?A?C0�Ef*M=�4_2^20<@�d9bYofbY;+0Y2^20Y5_6��X@M4_p�dl;+0YEdr8"B{ED4_5kE<;+0/EeBC2@�?AB}icof8W69BC4_5kE�;+0�E3of8�?Aofp�?AEY�\5�4_pkE3Eep�@�@c4_Ee0fd94�5kE3z7p�0^]_Ya`�\Abdc/;�8�5kE<?{8�k8�5k;+0/@M8�E9Ee8�5_690/0t6S]_Y�`�\Ubfe 0Y5K;+0I��4�drEf* � 4�BC6UXCghji YF[�\-0t6kXCgl�h YK[-\�?C0�E-@kp�BAE9E98"5kof0YE-;�0��d9p�BC6lBC5769bf:�d9bf0�E deb�otBA@�d94Xz7p�0Y20f576�;�8"5ME!0t6(�k4�drE!;+0�?{8�k8"5k;�03@k8�E9Ee8�576e03;+0�?{8�M4_pkot?A0�*W�4�pkE!8��_4�5kE 8"BA5kEeB�m�[�n

XCgoYF[�\pb q crOs Ot�u gMv �6wtyxLz Y!L\6{-| }�~ � � q crOs OtCu gMv/�?�� w xLz Y!L\�{-| }�~ �XCghFi YF[�\ XCgl�h YF[�\ gK��* I�7n�>| 4��q0Y5�@M47Ee8�5_6�n

Page 71: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� � ������� ����� �D����� ��)( ������� �%�����)(� �z���� �$!"� !�&��z�J�1�2�3 � c� ! 1 � c� � � � c�� � %; /�* B . = B� c� � 1 � c � �&� c � � D� % /�* B . = B

gd,/. <�<(.$!$!-,A<(,/5N<e:A.N�S�I�=<e62�9.2lk#&5;%)>3V/'��"84�9<f�Il2#4<D%(�95;%9`Agc,/.N<�,/Q$%(�35N,/5N<e�35k.2%)#&84#4<)�"5;%8&�=<E>9:;.N�"%(#4,/5N< � `&¬ � �3% � `4¬qK � "O� � c�!* " . 1 ! � # % ! �# %

� c�!� c� � *5" . 1 " � c� � © � `4¬ �A­

nfO �$#4<D%(,AV/'��"?@?@� � ` K�!-�3')?T�3%�62�@'(>=�"84#4<(�3'a:;.N�"5;%)�"%(#40/�9?T�95;%K8B�*')>3#45;%('),262.N�R%)#&,A5 62.Q$').$# %d�/.�5$#40/�=�".j62�9<_�3�3848&.$84�9<9` �K�"5N<E84�^�3�/<_6PO .$5N�K84#4V/5$�^UT'(�3%)�/')6��I,/5 <Z%)# %).$>3�^62�^<(�3!2%�I�98&84.$84�9<9W 8B�*�3,/')'(�=�R%(#4,/5Î6$�C8B�*Q-,/.N�38&�T<D�1'(>9!N�"'(%(#&%K<(.$'K8\O �35 <D�9?CQ$84�162�=<S�3�3848&.N8&�=<3` �S�/5N<5$,"%)'(�+�9�/<9Wf5$,/. <@'(�3%('),/.$0A,/5N<T.$5 <(�3!2%)#&H9?@�Î62�9<kQN'(.$#&%)<*�"!$!-,/'(%(>=<@!N�"'¦���N�A�I.$5N��6$�9<�I�98&84.$84�9<_�".�5$#40/�=�".j62�^8&�9.$'d�I,A?@?@�/5N62�A`

01

7

de la cellule C1

de la cellule C2

de la cellule C3

de la cellule C4

de la cellule C5

de la cellule C6

de la cellule C7

Contribution du bruitcompris dans la bande

C7C6C5C4C3C2C1Cellules

Puissancede bruit

2

2

bp

bp

ττ

(<),+�- � ` K�.j��,/5;%)'(#4Q$.2%)#&,A5j62�^8B�TQ ,A.N�I84��<(.$'_84�TVA#&VA.$�^�".2l�<(,/'(%(#4�9<E62�=<d�I�98&84.$84�9<������� ������� nP�=<K>9:;.N�i%)#&,A5N<S!$'(>=�I>=62�35;%(�=<K! �9'(?@�I%(%(�95A%=W[�35;%(')�1�/.2%(')�9<9W 8\O #45 �N.$�95N�I�62�9<j0i�"')#B�i%(#4,/5 <�62� !$'),2�I>96$> �3lG#B<D%)�"5;%)�9<j�"!$')H9<�84��')>9�"84#B<(�"%(#4,/5 62.��I#4')�3.$#&%9` k 8^<3O �"VA# %5$>9�/5$?@,/#45N<c6$�1�I,A5N<(#462>9'(�9'S:;.$��84�C5N,/?CQN'(�T62�C5$,;<c�3�3848&.$84�9<S�9<D%K<(.DC¦<)�"?@?@�35;%cV/'��"5 6! ,A.$'_.2%)#&84#4<(�3'_84�9<d8&,A#4<_62��6$#4<(! �9')<(#4,/5P`nfO �$#4<D%(,AV/'��"?@?@� � ` �1'(�9!$')>9<(�35;%(�S8\O >30A,/84.2%(#4,/5*6$�K8B�1V/#4V/.$�a�".2l¦<(,/'(%(#4�9<E62�a<D�9!2%d�I�98 ]8&.N8&�=<_U@'(�3%)�"'�6*�3,/5N<D%(#&%(. �"5;%_.$5$�^84#&VA5$�^U@'(�3%)�"'�6[`no��5$,/.$0A�3848&��LM,/')?C.$8B�i%)#&,A5+%(�$>9,/')#4:;.$�1!$')>962#&%a�/#&5 <D#�.$5$�TV/#4V/.$�C?T,A#&5 <S#4?@! ,A'D%��"5;%(�:;.$�^8&�=<d�"5 �I#4�35$5$�=<_!$')>962#B�R%)#&,A5N<_:;.$#P5$>9V/84#&VA�9�/#&�95A%_8XO �A�R%)#&,A5�6$�^84�@Q-,/.N�38&��<(.$'d84�^Q$').$#&%9`no�TQ-,/.N�38&�a')>3#45A%)'(,262.N# %d.$5j?k�il2#4?C.$?�62�aQ$'(.N# %c�/.�5$#40/�=�".�62�9<c�I�38484.$8&�=<_�I�95A%)')�/8&�=<3`

Page 72: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� �T� � � � �)(� �0�F(�� � � ���% ����!"��� �%������(z����� � ¬

hb

2

de bruitPuissance

C7C6C5C4C3C2C1Cellules

τde la cellule 1

de la cellule 2

de la cellule 3

de la cellule 4

de la cellule 5

de la cellule 6

de la cellule 7

Contribution du bruit hors de la bande

Contribution du bruit hors de la bande

Bruit réintroduit par la boucle

Gigue sans l’effetcorrectif de la boucle

(<),+�- � ` �2.¦mf.N#4<)<(�/5N�I�^62�^QN'(.$#&%_%(�9?@! ,A'(�98P�".2l�<(,/'(%(#4�9<_6$�9<_�I�98&84.$84�9<

�6����xzm �%p\m �%m � y�� |~x%m �zpYm`�%m p\o7x1��x�yAmmf.$#B<):A.N�18B���3,/')'(�=�R%)#&,A5Î62�1QN'(.$#&%^<3O �"!$!N8&#B:;.$�T�/.2l�LM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�9<S#&5$LM>3')#&�9.$'(�=<aU B �9W #&8�=<Z%^!$')>ILM>9')�/Q$8&�k62�k?k�"lG#4?@#4<(�3' B �C<D#h84�@%(�9?@!N<�6[O �/<)<D�9'(0G#B<(<(�3?@�95A%^62�k8B�jQ ,A.N�I84�k5PO �9<D%!N�A<�.$5$�d:;.N�"84#&%(>_�I')# %)#4:;.$�A`"no�S§NVA.$'(� � `&¬ � ?@,/5;%)'(�E8XO >90/,/84.2%)#&,A5162�_8B�KV/#4V/.$�E�".2lT<D,A'D%)#&�=<62�=<d�I�98&84.$84�9<_�95jLM,/5N�I%(#4,/5+62��8B�@QN�"5 62�^!N�/<)<)�"5;%(�A` ���38B�k�@>I%(>��9�"8B�I.$84>^!-,/.$'d.N5$�^8&#4V/5N�U^')�I%��"'�6k�I,A?T!-,A<(>3�S62� ���I�38484.$8&�=<fVA>35$>9')�/5A%J���N�/�3.$5$�d.$5*Q$'(.N# %E62�c!$� �/<(�S�I,A5N<D%)�"5;%�6$�5 4 d U = > � � 3 . YZ. <(:;.PO U@.$5$�KLM')>9:;.$�35 �I��62� ? � ��� . 62�a8B�@! ,A'D%)�3.N<(�/`

1 2 3 4 5 6 75

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Sorties des cellules

Gig

ue e

n ps

Bande passante: 0 HzBande passante: 1e6HzBande passante: 3e6Hz

(*),+�- � `4¬ � . k 5 �N.$�95N�I��6$�K8B�TQN�"5 62�^!N�/<)<)�"5;%(�a<D.N'_84�TV/#4V/.N�a�/.2l�<(,/'(%(#4�9<_62�=<_�I�98&84.$84�9<[d.�5$#40/�=�".�62�k8B�j6$�3')5$#&H9'(�k�3�3848&.$84�/W[8B��V/#4V/.N�T<9O �/?@>384#&,A'(�@62� 4=? � �35 ���$,A#4<(#B<(<)�"5;%.$5N��LM')>9:;.$�35 �I�@62�1�3,/.$!$.N'(�T62� B � 1 �

� 3 . �/. 84#&�9. 62� B � 1 4 � 3/. `-nP�1���N,/#&l+6$�8B�+LM')>9:;.$�95N�I��62���I,/.N!$.$')��62�j84� Q-,/.N�38&�j�9<D%@6$,/5N��.$5�>98&>9?@�35;%T#4?@! ,A'D%��"5;%k6$�"5N<18B��3,/5N�3�3!2%)#&,A5j62.��I#4'��I.$#&%d8&,A')<):;.$�K8&�^Q$').$#&%c62�9<_�3�3848&.N8&�=<E�9<D%c<D#4V/5$#&§ �9�i%(#&LZ`

Page 73: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� « ������� ����� �D����� ��)( ������� �%�����)(� �z���� �$!"� !�&��z�J��¦r � � |~� �R��������w

gd,/. <C%)')�/# %)�3'),/5N<T6$�/5N<@�I�I%(%(�j!N�"'(%(#4��62�9<@���$,A# l�6[O �"'����$#&%(�=�R%(.N'(�=<��I%¦62�=<@�I,/?@!-,"]<(�/5;%)<9`�gc,"%)'(�j,/Q2YZ�=�R%)# La�9<D%T�95�!N'(�9?T#4�3'k84#4�3.62��0b�/8&#B62�9'T8XO �Il2!$')�9<)<D#4,/5�62��84� 62�35 <D#&%(><D!-�9�I%('��"84��62��Q$').$#&%9`-no�@0i�"84#46N�i%(#4,/5+62�=<_�Il2!$')�9<)<(#&,A5N<_62>I§ 5$#&�=<d!$')>9�3>962�9?@?T�95;%c<D�^LM�9')��9<)<D�95;%(#4�3848&�9?T�95;%S84,/'�<S62�@8XO >3%(.N6$�T62�=<a<DFG5;%(�$>3%(#B<D�9.$'�<S6$�/5N<K8&�=<S��� �"!$#&%(')�9< d �3% � ` 8 5$�LM,/#B<^84�@���N,/#&l 62�k8XO �/')���$#&%(�=�R%).$'(�@�3%C�I�384.$#e6$�9<^!N�/')�/?@HI%(')�9<a62�kQ-,/. �I84�9<^�"')'HMI%(>=<3W[5N,/.N<�"Q-,/'�62�3'),/5 <[8\O >I%).N62�E62�9<�<)���$>3?k�A<P>384�9�I%(')#4:;.$�=<o�3%y84�J�9�"8B�I.$8G62�=<o!N�/')�/?@HI%(')�9<y62�JQ ,A.N�I84�9<�35jLM,/5 �R%(#4,/5�62�=<E>384>3?@�35;%)<c62.+�I#4')�3.$# %=`gd,/. <_%('��"#&%(�9'(,A5N<_62,A5N�a8&�=<d62#&p->9'(�95;%(�9<c!N�"'(%(#4�9<_6$.Î�I#4')�3.$# %�O$84�¦8&#4V/5$��6$��'(�3%)�/')6��I%<D�=<C�3�3848&.$84�9<1�"#45N<(#e:;.$�¦84�3.$'T<DF2<D%(H3?@�*6$�*�I,A5A%)'��A8&�AWP84�*�I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'C62�*!$�N�/<(�k�I%@<(�! ,A?@! ��62����� �"')V/�c�3%d�352§ 5j84�a§N8&%(')�^62�^Q ,A.N�I84�k©ª§NV ` � `4¬/¬b­R`

Filtre de boucle

Cellule à retard

Ligne à retard

C Système de controle

PC

CP

Comparateur de phase

Pompe de charge

(<),+ - � `&¬A¬ .aZGFG5$,A!2%(#B:;.$��62�a84�TQ-,/.N�38&��UT0A�3')'(,A.$#&848B�"V/�K62��62>984�/#4<�E� �E�(� � �c�e�����d�o���c���$�h¢£¡[�2�$�o���c� �^���c¤[�Z�

nP�9<P! �9'DLM,A'(?k�"5 �I�9< �95^Q$').$# %��I,/?@?@�h8B�E0;#&%(�=<(<(�f6[O �/�9:A.N#4<(# %)#&,A5K6$�f84�EQ-,/. �I84�/WI#4?@! ,;<D�.$5 �3�3'(%)�/#&5Î�3,/?@!$'),/?@#4<S6$�"5 <c84�9<a���$,A# l+62�9<S!N�/')�/?TH3%(')�9<S62�CQ-,/.N�38&�A` 8 5 6$�9<S!$'(#45N�3# ]!N�".$l��b0b�/5;%)�"VA�9<T62��84� �Knon��9<D%¦6[O MI%(')��.$5<DF2<D%(H3?@��#45N�I,A5N62#&%(#4,/5$5$�98&84�3?@�95A%¦<D%)�/Q$8&��b0/�=�d.$5�§N8&%(')�K62.j!$')�3?@#4�3'E,/'�62')�/`$���c§N8&%(')�^62>I%)�3')?@#&5$�K8B�10G#&%(�=<(<(�K6PO �A�3:;.$#B<D#&%(#4,/5¦�3%_8&�§N8&%('��"V/�S%)�/5;%��"%d<(�^�I,/?@!-,/'(%)�/5A%J%)�/5;%��"%d�3,/?@?@�K.N5*§N8&%(')�^!N�A<(<(�I]¨�N�".$%9W;%)�/5A%;�"%d�I,A?@?T�.$5k§N8&%(')�c! �/<)<D�3]XQN�A<h�35¦LM,/5N�I%(#4,/5*62�S8\O ,/')#4V/#45$�d62�9<J<(#&VA5N�".2l[`;nP�cQN'(.$#&%�Q �/<)<D�_LM')>9:;.$�95N�I�U^8B�C<(,/'(%(#4�c62.k§N8&%(')�c?@,262.$84�c84�S<(#4V/5N�/8$%('��"5 <D#&%)�/5A%E6$�"5 <f8B��84#&VA5$�cU�')�I%��"'�6[`Ano�9<e! �9'D%)�9<62.T§N8&%(')�9<f<(,/5;%e�I,A?@! �95N<D>9�9<h! �"'h84�E%('��b0b�/#&8$6$�d84�a!-,/?@!-�d62�c���N�/'(VA���3%��I�984�a<(�E%('��/62.N# %!N�"'E62.jQ$').$# %_U�8B�CLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�K62�K')>ILM>3')�35 �I�/`Gno�CLM')>9:;.$�35 �I�S6$�K�3,/.$!$.N'(� B � 62>3!-�35 6�62.Q$').$# %dQ �/<)<D�SLM'(>=:;.$�35N�3�K%(,/84>3')>^<D.N'_84�1%(�95N<(#&,A5�6$�a�3,/5;%(';�/84�k©´�IL�>=: ` � ` � ­R`nP�_���$,/#&l�62�E84�cLM')>9:;.$�35 �I�E62�J�3,/.$!N.$'(�E62>9! �95N616$��8XO �/!$!$84#4�9�i%)#&,A5C0G#4<(>3�A`�ZG#28&�E<(#&VA5N�"86[O �35;%(')>3���9<D%y?@,262.$84>/Wb84�cQ ,A.N�I84�E62,/#&%zM3%(')���3�/!N�"QN8&�J62��<(.$#40;')�e84�9<y0i�"')#4�"%(#4,/5N<y62.1<(#4V/5N�/8\`nfO #&5;%)>3V/'��i%)#&,A5�62�a8B�@�3�"! �/�I#&%(>^�/.j�3#&'��I.$#&%_5$,/. <E�3?@!<M=���$�^62�����$,A#4<(#&'_62�K%)'(,A!�VA')�/5N62�9<

Page 74: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� ��� � ���% � �N(� � ���0i�"84�3.N')<9`;�SO �9<D%�!-,/.$'�:;.$,/#XW"5$,A.N<PYZ,A.$�3'),/5 <f<D.N'e84�9<fV;�"#45N<e6$.*�I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'f62�S!$�N�/<(�d�3%62�C84�*8&#4V/5$�1U¦')�I%)�/')6+<(#o5N>9�I�=<(<)�"#4')�/`Nno�1���$,A# l+62��� �

!62>9! �95N6 62�184�*�I,/5 <D,A?T?k�"%(#4,/50A,/.$84.$�k62.$'��"5;%�8B��!N�N�/<(�¦6[O �/�3�3'(,2���N�/V/�1!$.$#B<(:;.$�k84�*�I,A.$'��"5;%K?@,iFA�35 U�<(�+<(,/'(%(#4�@�9<D%!$'),/!-,/'(%(#4,/5N5$�38PU@8XO �9'(')�3.N'd62��!$�N�A<D�^?@�=<D.$')>3�A` k 8y6$>I%(�9'(?@#45$�C�/.N<(<(#o<)�k<D�95N<(#&Q$#484# %)>��".2l�9'(')�3.$'�<9`��S�^?FM3?@�/W2.$5N�^0b�/8&�9.$'E>384�30A>3�^62.jVA�"#45�62�a84�T84#&VA5$�^U1')�I%��"'�6 � �

!�/.$V/?@�95A%)�8B�@<D�95N<D#4Q$#48&#&%(>^U@8B�1%(�35 <D#4,/5�62���I,A5;%(';�/84�/`nP�hV;�"#45^62.��I,A?T! �"'��i%(�9.$'[62�h!$�N�A<D�f<(�3'��E62�f8XO ,A')6$'(�h62�hVA')�/5N62�3.N' � �

!� 4 U �� ��� � � =! `gc,/.N<[!N'(�95N62'),/5N< .$5N��LM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�f62�e�I,A.$!$.$')��'(�984�"%(#40/�9?T�95;% #4?@! ,A'D%��"5;%(�d© B � ��4 � 3/. ­!-,/.$'E!$84.N<(#&�9.$'�<�'��"#B<(,/5N<9`G���^<(FG<D%(H9?@�c%)#&')�S.N5j�b0i�"5;%��"V/�S�I�3'(%)�/#&5j62�a! ,A.$0/,A#&'�§N8&%(')�3'E84�Q$').$#&%e6$�"5 <h84�aQ �"5N62�d6$�d�I,/.N!$.$')�E6$�d84�aQ-,/. �I84��©´�I,A5;%('��"#4'(�9?T�95;%��/.2l1menyno<�­R`;nP�_Q$').$#&%

�& �8 <D�9')�c�35T!N�"'(%(#B�I.$84#4�3'�?T#4�3.$l1�i%(%(>35G.$>A` 8 5$�JV/'��"5 62��Q �"5N62�E62�_�I,A.$!$.$')�e!-�3')?@�I%(%('��>9VA�"84�3?@�95A%E6[O ,/QN<(�3')0/�9'e8B�C�I,A'(')�9�I%(#4,/5*6$�S8B��Q-,/.N�38&�a<(#-5N,"%(')�K�$,/')8&,AV/�c6$�S')>ILM>9'(�95N�I�S�9<D%Q$').$F;�"5;%(�^©M,A5k<D.$!N! ,;<D�c:;.$�d<(,/5@Q$').$#&%�Ua8B�KLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3� B � <(�3'��^�"84,/'�<�?@#&5$,A'(#&%)�/#&')�=­IWi�352]§N5oW"�I�38B�S'(�95N62'��c84�J<(F2<Z%)H3?@�E'(>=�/�I%(#&LZ`"���N,/#B<D#4'�.$5$�EV/'��"5N6$�J�9�"!N�A�I#&%(>a©M')�38B�i%(#40/�9?@�35;%�US8B�62�95N<(# %)>d62�d�3�/!N�/�3# %)>_! �9'(?@#B<D�_!N�/'h8&�_!N'(,2�I>=62>=­�?@#45$#4?T#B<(�3'��a8\O #&5�N.$�35 �I�d62.kQ$').$#&%e62�_8B�!-,/?@!-�E6$�E��� �"')V/�J�I%f62.@�I,/?@!N�/')�"%(�9.$'_©´�RL-�9:-` � `4¬ � ­R`A[!N�/'D%)#&'h62�_�I�=<h�I,A5N<D#B62>9')�"%(#4,/5N<9W5$,A.N<_�b0/,A5N<�'(>=�"84#4<(>a.$5+�I#4')�3.$# %d:;.$#o�T84�9<_�9�"'��/�R%)>3')#4<D%(#B:;.$�9<E<(.$#40b�/5;%(�9<hO� �! 1 4 � � 4 U � ��� � � =! O$8&�^V;�"#45j6$.��3,/?@!N�/')�"%(�3.N'J62�^!N�N�/<(�� ) 1 ? � � = � & O$84�^VA�/#&5�62�9<E84#4V/5$�=<_U1')�I%��"'�6

� 1 �\U , (VON84�@�3�/!N�/�3# %)>^62.j§N8 %)'(�^62�^Q-,/. �I84����38B�T�35;%('��:9ª5$�FOB � 1 W �\U�� 3 . O28B�TLM'(>=:A.N�35N�3�a6$���I,/.N!$.$')�K62�^8B�TQ ,A.N�I84�¦©´6$,/5$5$>a!N�/' � ` KA­E � ��� 1 4 � 4qW � O2%(�9?T! <d6[O �/�3:;.$#B<(# %)#&,A5 ©\62,/5$5N>K! �"' � ` KA­�E���E�\� j�� �(�%�e¥c�� �$�[�2���N�l�u pYm svstx%stm { yAmYw=uDyW����uDyArtu �stm

mf84.N<(#&�9.$')<1�"'����$#&%(�9�I%(.$')�9<^6$�*�I�98&84.$84�9<CUÎ'(�3%)�"'�6 �Il2#4<D%(�95;%9`ygc,/.N<C! ,A.$0/,A5N<^84�9<162# Lª]LM>9'(�95N�I#4�3'd<(�384,/5�:;.PO �98&84��<(,/5;%c�I,A5A%)'��A84�/Q$84�9<E�I,A5A%)#&5G.$�9?@�35;%C© I4¬qK:L I4¬qK2W « � LM­E,/.+62#B<(�3'(H3%(�3]?@�35;%@© I « � LM­R` �K�"5N<K62�9<S<DF2<D%(H9?T�=<c,&%Î84�CQ$').$#&%K62�1!$�N�/<(���=<Z%K.$5 �9�"'��/�R%)>3')#4<D%(#B:;.$���I')#&]%)#4:;.$�AW[8&�=<a0b�/'(#B�i%)#&,A5N<a62#B<(�3'(H3%(�9<K!-�3.$0A�35;%��b0/,A#&'K.$5$�k#45N�I#B62�95N�I�@#4?T!-,/'(%)�/5;%(�kU*?@,A#&5N<62�^62#B<(! ,;<D�9'd62�^!N�/<J%)'(H=<JL´�"#4Q$84�9<^©´�3��:;.$#[#&?@!-,A<(�^.$5$���3,/?@!$84�Il2# §-�3�i%)#&,A5�62.+�3#&'��I.$#&%�­I`nP�J�I,A5A%)'��A8&���I,/5;%)#&5G.C62.1'(�3%)�/')6^�=<Z%��"#45N<(#A!$')>ILM>9'(>�! ,A.$'�8&�9.$'y!N8&.N<�VA')�/5N62�f!$')>9�3#4<(#4,/5?k�"#B<o�/.N<)<D#A! ,A.$'y84�3.N'y<(#&?@!$84#4�3# %)>�62��'(>=�"84#4<)�i%)#&,A5P`9no�h§N8&%(')�e84�e!$84.N<�<D#4?@!$84�e�9<D%��3,/5N<D%(#&%(.N>6[O .$5$�a')>9<(#4<D%)�/5N�I�S�35j!N�"'��"8484H384�S6[O .$5$�^�3�/!N�/�3# %)>/`2no�10i�"')#4�"%(#4,/5*6$.j62>9!$�N�A<(�/V/�S6$>9�I,A.$84�6[O .$5$�@0i�"')#B�i%(#4,/5 62�@84���9�"!N�A�I#&%(>�©M0i�"')#4�9�"!��9­K,A. 62�k8B�*')>9<(#B<Z%��"5N�3�j©M%('��"5N<(#4<D%(,A' � +hZ����� � �������� ��� 3 ���� 0��8�'�� ����� � ���$��'�����/� ��� ����'� ��� ��� ��� '$� ���� � �� ���&�� ��/��� 6 �������� ��� ��8��, ������$�� ����� ������ �� ��� ���������9��� �����������:�� ��������� 3 ���� ��9����'����'0�:�;��'0���� ����4�� ��� %���� �� �;��/� �� ���� ;'0� 3 ��'��� ��

���9'0����������� ���:������������ ����������� �'�'���� �� � ��� ���� ����5���9'0� (*�����2�� � 3 ��$���! "$#�%'&���)( ����*+ ,.-�/�0/21

3 3 ��4���5*$'0�:� �������� ���9��� '0�6�,���� �� ��� �;�� �� ���5� ��'0���, ��#�4�� ��� �'�'���%8789"'0� �� : ��,����9���5�;������$�� ���'�� +����;�������2'0�������.��� �����������.�� �����������%�7$; '0�.������ ��� ������'� �- ����.�� 8;���,��.��� '0� �� �� ����� � ���� �� �����4�� ��� ���9'0�������� ���267����)8;������� ������8���:'0� 3 ��'��� �� ���9'0� ��������� �����

Page 75: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� �������� ��� ������������������������������ �!����"#%$&'$�(��!�*)+�,.-0/0-01.243658791�1.5�:<;=76>�3�>�/0-?762@58AB-C,B2@DFEGIH 58AKJKL6-C,B>MJF,.+6AB>�/054N6/?+91�JF;=+6AK58OPOP><7Q,I+�,.-0/0-01.2<>�R S0TMU�VWDX>@1 ,YJ<;Z7[1*,.-?,.+[2<>�3 H +67\5ZO�N[/?-?]6^J<58,.><+[A#36-C_`2<AB><7Q,.-0></badc[5=1*>e3�>f,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZAK1Yhjiekl3�;=7=,#/0>M1�3�AK58-07[1#JKL[58ABmZ>M7Q,Y/0>M1�][/?,.AB>M13�2<N[L[5Z1B587Q,&/0>P1*-0mZ7[5Z/�3 H >M7=,BA.2M>ZE G >�OP;Z7Q,B5ZmZ>d36-C_`2<AB><7Q,.-0></�><_n>@Jo,.-0pZ>MOP><7Q,Mqr5s,.,.2M7Q+[>t/0>M1N9>MA*,B+6ABc[5s,B-?;=7[1�N6A.;sp=><7[5Z7Q,!3�>#/ H 58/0-0O�>M7Q,B5s,B-?;=7t><,X36+�1.+6c[1*,.AK5s,@E�u�;Z+[1�5�p=;Z7[1�JF>MN9>M7[36587Q,pZ;=+6/?+v,B>M1*,.><At/05wNn;=1B1*-0c6-0/?-?,.2\36>xA.2@58/0-01.><A�/ H 5ZOPN6/?-?]9JM5s,.>M+6At5�p=>MJP3�>M1�,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=AB1fc6-0Nn;8^/05Z-?AB>M1PRW][m[E�y[E?T�zZDFEb{Y>M+�|}^~J<-X;ZN�,B-?OP-g1*>M7Q,4/?>xmQ58-07j3�>@14JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1e>F,4Nn><ABOP>F,.,.AB;Z7[1eN[5ZA�/051*+[-C,B>43�>�3�-01.Nn;=1.><A�3�>41.-?m=7[58+6|�3�2<N6L95Z1.2M1I�*N6/?+91�J<58ABAB2o�oE

C /2

S

Valim Valim

Q1E Q2

Io

R β R β

S

Vbias Vbias

Cp

RpRp

CpB A

Cellule de retard

�#�W�Y� y[E?T�ze� G 5PJF></0/0+6/?>�3�>�AB>F,K58AK3G >#1*-0mZ7[5Z/Z>M7�,.>M7[1*-0;Z7da�3�2MN6L[5Z1.><A�� � � 58ABA.-0pZ>X>M7t;=N6N9;Q1*-?,.-0;Z7436>YN6L95Z1.>�1*+[A!/g5�c[5=1*>3�>M1�,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZAK1�c6-0N9;=/05Z-?AB>M1ME G >M1fJF;=+6AB5Z7Q,B1�J<;Z/0/?>@Jo,B><+6AK1�JKL[5ZA.m=><7Q,�/0>M1�][/C,BA.>@1&���9����>F,JFAB2<>M7=,�+67�1.-?m=7[58/b5Z/C,B><AB7[5s,B-C�X� � ��JF;=A.AB>M1.Nn;Z7[365Z7Q,#5Z+�1.-?m=7[58/b3 H >M7=,BA.2M>�3�2<N6L95Z1.2ZE[u�;Z+[11*+[N6N9;Q1*;=7[1��Q+6>�/g5�,.AK587[1BJF;=7[3�+[JF,B5879JF>�3�>�/g5PN[58-0A.>436-C_`2<AB><7Q,.-0></0/0>�N9>MA.OP>F,f58+�JF;=+6AB5Z7Q,JF;=/?/0>MJF,.><+[Al3�>�1*>�N6A.2@1*>M7Q,.><A�58+%]9/C,BA.>v5�pZ>MJ�3�>M1��WA.;=7Q,B1�1*+��\1B58OPOP><7Q,lAK58-g3�>@1\Nn;Z+6AJF;=7[1*-g3�2MA.>MA�/g5PJKL[58ABmZ>e3�>e/g5xJ<58N95ZJF-?,.2e1.;Z+[1#+67w2@JKL6></0;Z7w3�>4JF;=+6AK587Q,ME� ;=7[J8q�a4�I���6qQ/?>�][/C,BA.>f>M1*,�JKL958ABmZ2�N[5ZAY+[7lJF;=+6AK587Q,YJF;=7[1*,B587Q,Y�F�=E�u�;=+[1�1*2MN[58AB;Z7[1/05�N[5ZA*,B-?>�J<;Z7Q,.-07}+6> � {�3�>�/g5dN958A.,.-0>e5Z/C,B><AB7[5s,B-?p=>f36+w1.-0mZ7[5Z/b��{&E���W�*��� � � � �t�� ¡�¢�£=¤ ¥¦Z§s¨s§!©ª «F¬ ­¯® °9±K²?³?´ ¢ � � �o�¡ª «o¬ ­µ � ¶l� R·y6E¸z8¹=D

G >e1*-0mZ7[5Z/ �#�W�*�Y>M1*,�>M7l;=N6Nn;=1.-C,B-?;=7�3�>eN6L[5=1*>f1*+6A����º�*�oE6u�;Z+[1�3�2F]976-01B1.;Z7[1�N[5ZAY»l/?>A.><,B5ZAB3\,.><OPNn;ZAB></b-07Q,.AB;�3�+6-?,#N958A�/g5�J<></0/?+[/?>=E6¼½/bps58+�,4¾»\�����9�I��¿WÀI� ¡ � R·y6E¸z�T@DG 5Pps58AB-058,.-0;Z7w3�>�/g5Pp�5Z/?>M+6A�3�>4/g5�A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>4Á�� � -?793�+6-?,�/05Pps5ZA.-g5s,B-?;=7�3�+wAB>F,K58AK3Ád»j¾ Ád»�� Ád���9���e¿ºÀI� ¡ �

Page 76: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6� �6���b �% ��f�� � ������������� ����������������������� �!�����!" �$# G 5\,.>M7[1*-0;Z7j3�>tm=A.-0/?/0> ° %'& 3�+�,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=A( hviek R ][m9E9y[E?T@y=D�J<;Z7Q,.A*)Z/0>�/05�ps58/0><+6Af3�>t/g5xAB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>t36>tJ<5Z7[58/����bE G >t,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=A>@1 ,�Nn;Z/g58AB-01.2f3[587[1�1B5�:<;=76>e/?-0762M5Z-?AB>PR ° %+& ¢ ° ,.- ° / & DFE

Vgs

dsV

s

g

d�#�W�Y� y6E0TMy4� G >e,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZA ( hjiekG >POP;�3!0</0>PJF;Z7Q,B-?7}+j1.-0O�N[/?-?][2x3�+j,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=A ( hjiek R*S y[TFVWD��W;Z+6AB76-?,f/ H ><|�N6A.>@1.1.-0;Z73�+wJF;=+6AK587Q,�3�>�3�AB5Z-?7�><7��W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7w36>f/g5�N9;=/05ZA.-g1B5s,.-0;Z7�3�+�,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZAe¾1 / � ° %'& � ° / & ��� ¡3254 � � ° %'& ¢ ° , � ° / & ¢  ¡ ° 6/ & ©

5�p=>MJ 2 4 �87:9Z�<;>=? @ >F, ° , /05l,B><7[1.-?;=7 3�>�1.><+6-0/·E�{Y>\�=+[-�3�;Z7[76>\58+�N6AB><OP-0><A�;ZAK3�AB>Nn;Z+6A�+[76>e,.>M7[1*-0;Z7 ° / & �º5Z-?c6/0>Zq[/05�ps58/0><+6A�36>�/05�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>e3�>4J<5Z7[58/r���w1.+6-0ps587Q,.>P¾� � � ° %+& �I�BA ° / &A 1 /

�  ¡32 4 � ° %'& ¢ ° , �Rºy6E¸zZz=D

G 5PAB2M1.-g1 ,K587[J<>&76>4362<Nn><7[3��Q+6>43�>�/g5�,.>M7[1.-?;=7�3�>�m=A.-0/0/?> ° % Nn;Z+6A�+[76>�,.>M7[1.-?;=7 ° / &�º5Z-?c6/0>ZE � >lN[/?+[1P/g5��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7 >@1 ,x3�2@JFAB;Z-g1.1B587Q,.>l1 ,BA.-gJo,B><OP><7Q,ME G 5�76;=7 c6- C >MJF,.-0p}-C,B2w36>J<>F,*,B>f�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7�58+6AK58-?,�A.>M7[3�+�/ H 5ZJMJFAB;�JKL[58m=>&3�>�/g5�c9;=+[JF/0>�58/02M5s,B;Z-0A.>=EGIH 58OPN6/0-?]9J<58,.><+[AP36-C_`2<AB><7Q,.-0></�1.>�JM58AK5ZJF,.2<AB-g1*>\N958A�+67�mQ58-07 ><7�OP;�3�>�36-C_`2<AB><7Q,.-0></DFE ¤ E m=AB5Z7[3�3�>Mp�5Z7Q,&/0>dmQ58-07�><7�OP;�3�>PJF;=O�Od+67 DFE�G E E � >Mps587Q,f/0>tAB-g1.�Q+6>�3 H 5�p=;Z-0A+67tA.2@1*-g3�+43�>�1*-0mZ7[5Z/QJ<;Z7Q,.-07}+4�Q+6-Z]976-?AK58-?,!N958A!1B5s,B+6AB><A�/0>M1!JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1�3�+4�º5Z-C,�3�>�/0><+6A�m=5Z-?7�q76;=+[1f5�pZ;Z791�JKL6;=-01.-!3�>P3�2@JF;Z+[N6/?>MA&/0>M1&2F,K58m=>M1&><7Q,.AB>M1&><+�|�N[5ZA&+[76>�JM58N[5=JF-?,.2P� 9 EIH�7[>76;=+6pZ>M/?/0>xNn;Z/g58AB-01B5s,B-?;=7v3�>�/ H 2F,K58mZ>x>M7 5�ps58/�1 H 5�p=2<AK58-?,43�;Z7[JP7[2MJF>@1.1B58-0AB>�RWp}-05�� 9 DoEX{Y>1>J�1 ,*0<OP>�5d/ H 5�p�5Z7Q,B58m=>f36>�76>�N[5Z1�J<;Z7[1.;ZOPOP><A�3�>4J<;Z+6AK587Q,4Rº�K9d>@1 ,�m=AB5Z7[3�>@DFE9{Y><Nn><7�^365Z7Q,�/05tps58/0><+6AYA.>M/058,.-0pZ><OP>M7=,Im=AB5Z7[3�>�36>&�K9xR   ��L�M�D�762MJ<>M1B1.5Z-?AB>�a4/g5�cn;Z767[>�-g1*;=/058,.-0;Z73�>�/ H 58/0-?OP><7Q,K5s,.-0;Z7xAK5�C ;=+�,.>#+67�c6A.+[-C,I76;=7x762<m=/?-0mZ>@58c6/0>ZE=h�58-g1X/ H ;=c!C >MJF,.-?�`N[A.>MO�-0><A�2F,B5Z7Q,3�>fOP>F,.,.AB>f>M7l2Mp}-03�>M7[JF>e/g5dJ<;ZABA.>@Jo,B-?;=7�3�+wc6AB+6-C,�3�>@1#JF></0/0+6/?>@1#N[58A#/g5tcn;Z+9JF/0>Zq6JF>�JKL6;=-C|>@1 ,�N[5ZA.+wJF;=O�OP>�JF;=7}pZ><7958c6/0>ZE

N �O ���PQ�SRT������!��� >@1 ,x3�;Z79J�JF;=7[1*,.-?,.+62M>�3�>�/ H 5=3UC ;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7 36>�J<>M1dc6/?;�JM1<EVH�7[>3�>MA.7[-W0MA.>tJ<></0/?+[/?>Pa\AB>F,K58AK3�JKL[58ABmZ>4/g5�36><AB76-W0MA.>dJF></0/0+6/?>P3�>d/05�/?-0mZ76>�a\AB>F,K58AK3�5s][7j�=+[>JKL[5=JF+67[>�3�>M1YJF>M/?/0+6/0>M1�3�>�/g5�/0-?m=76>�1.;Z-0><7Q,YJKL[5ZA.m=2<>M1�3�>�/g5�OYX<OP>&1.;ZA.,.>�>F,��Q+ H 58-07[1.-[/0><+6AJ<;ZOPN9;=A*,B><OP><7Q,�1.;Z-?,#/0>eN6/0+[1�1.><Otc[/05Zc6/?>=E

Page 77: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

��� �������� ��� ������������������������������ �!����"#%$&'$�(��!�*)��������� ��� ��������������������������� �! ��������#".��Y�� �����U�������

G 5�ps58AB-058,.-0;Z7l36>�/05�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>e3�>�J<5Z7[58/r>M7=,BAB5�$g7[>fJ<></0/?>�3�>�/g5d,.><791*-0;Z7wJF;=/?/0>MJF,.><+[AME��][7l3 H 2Mp}-C,B><AY3 H -07}pZ><AK1.><AX/g5�N9;=/05ZA.-g1B5s,.-0;Z7Pc[5=1*><^~J<;Z/0/?>@Jo,B><+6A�36>M1X,BAB5Z7[1.-01*,.;=AB1�c6-0Nn;Z/g58-0A.>@1<q/05�,.>M7[1*-0;Z7 ° / 3�;=-C, XF,BA.>Y762MJ<>M1B1.5Z-?AB><OP>M7=,�5Z1B1*>MA.p}-0>ZE<¼½/Q�º5Z+�,�36;Z7[JYJF;Z79JF><p=;Z-0A�+67�1 J�1*,>0MO�>�Q+6-bAB2<mZ+[/?>f/?>4J<;Z+6AK587Q,#><7��W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7w3�>�/g5�p�5Z/?>M+6A�3�>�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>e3�>4JM587[5Z/·EG >fN6A.-07[J<-?Nn>fJ<;Z7[1.-g1 ,B>&adA.>MN6A.;�3�+[-?AB>�+676>eJF>M/?/0+6/0>�,B2<OP;Z-07lJ<;Z7[1*,.-?,.+[2<>&3 H +67l,.AK58791*-g1 ^,.;=A ( hviek�JF;=OPO�>�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>4ps5ZA.-g58c6/0>t><,e3 H +67[>�1.;Z+6AKJF>�3�>PJF;Z+[AB5Z7=,f/?>�JKL[58ABmZ>@587Q,ME{Y></0/?><^~J<-�>M1*,\AB2<mZ+[/?2M>w36>w,.></0/0>�1*;=A*,B>��=+[>�/05j,.>M7[1.-?;=7 36>�3�AB5Z-?7%3�+�,BAB5Z7[1*-g1*,.;ZAxAB>M1*,.>JF;=7[1 ,K587Q,.>=E( ;=+6APJF></g56q�76;=+[14+�,B-?/0-g1*;=7[1t/ H 58AKJKL6-C,B>MJF,.+6AB>�1.+6-?ps5Z7=,B>�S¸z8y�Ve¾ G 5�,B><7[1.-0;Z7 3�>�3�AK58-07° / >@1 ,�J<;ZOPN[58AB2<>fat+[76>�,B><7[1.-0;Z7l36>fAB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF> ° %'&�( ><,�+67[>fcn;Z+9JF/0>f3 H 5Z1B1.><ABpQ-g1B1*>MO�>M7Q,OP;}36+6/?>�/05w,B><7[1.-0;Z7 3�>\m=A.-0/0/?>�Rº>F,d5Z-?7[1.-�/g5�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>x3�>lJ<587958/ D�3�>x�º5*)F;Z7 awmQ58AK3�><A° / � ° %+&�( �Q+6></g�Q+6>�1.;Z-?,t/0>lJF;=+6AK587Q,��W;Z+6AB76-�� / E�{Y>lJ<;Z+6AK587Q,4>@1 ,d36;Z7[Jx+[76>�-0Ox58mZ>3�>e/05d,B><7[1.-?;=7�36>eJ<;ZOPOx587[36> ° , ´ / H�7�,BAB5Z7[1.J<;Z7[36+[Jo,B><+6A�3�>f,.AK58791.J<;Z7[3�+9Jo,B5Z7[JF> D ´,.AK587[1*�W;ZABOP> ° , ´ / >M7 1 / RW][m[E[y[E?T � DFE

−−V

VV

VV

V

GmV

2GmV

+

Re

A

Valim

B

+

Re

BM

C pole

Valim

C

I A

Tcmd

d

ref

g

cmd

cmd

S

E

βC

S

E

Cellule

βd

�#�W��� y6E0T � � G 5PJ<;ZOPOx587[3�>{Y;ZOPOP>\76;Z+914/ H 5�p=;Z7[1�3�-?,tN6AB2MJ<2M3�>MOPO�>M7Q,Mq�-0/�>@1 ,d>M1B1*>M7=,B-?>M/��Q+6>\/g5��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7 AB>F^/?-g587Q,�/0>M1�ps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1�3�>dA.><,B5ZAB3w5�pZ>@Jf/?>@1�ps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1�3�>�,.>M7[1.-?;=7�1*;=-?>M7=,�c[- C >@Jo,.-0pZ>@1<E G >,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZA ( hjiekP36;Z-?, XF,BA.>�Nn;Z/g58AB-01.2�365Z7[1I1B5e:<;Z7[>�3�>�/0-?762@58AB-C,B2ZE G >#�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7[76><OP><7Q,/?-0762@58-0A.>P3�+�,BAB5Z7[1.-01*,.;=A&>@1 ,�m=5ZAB5Z7Q,.-�><7�][|�5Z7Q,f/g5�p�5Z/?>M+6Ae3�>P/05�,.>M7[1*-0;Z7�3�AK58-07�^½1*;=+6ABJ<>3�+�,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZA�a�+676>e,.>M7[1.-?;=7 ° / � ° %'&�(.- ��/ 0 ° 1s¿W�oE2436587�2+96: 3<;!{Y><,*,.>e,B><7[1.-0;Z7w3�><p}AK5 X<,.AB>e1*,B5Zc6/0>e�Q+6>M/0�Q+6>41.;Z-?,#/05d,.>M7[1.-?;=7w3 H 5Z/?-0OP><7�^,B58,.-0;Z7%;Z+%/0>�AB>F,K58AK3�p=;Z+6/0+bE�{Y></g5�-?OPN6/0-0�Q+6>v�Q+ H a A.><,B58AK3 3�;Z7[762ZqY76;Z+[1l5�pZ;=7[1P+676>JF;=7[1*;=OPOP58,.-0;Z7v3�;Z767[2<>ZE ( /?+[14/05l�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>x3�>PA.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>P>M1*,e2M/?>MpZ2M>ZqrN6/0+[1e»�>F,4� �1*;=7Q,#Nn>F,B-C,K1�>F,�36;Z7[JfN6/0+[1�/g5PJF;Z791*;=O�Ox58,.-0;Z7l36>4JF;Z+[AB5Z7=,�� � >@1 ,�m=AB5Z7[3�>ZE

N � "�=Q��� � # H�76>#c9;=+[JF/0>#3 H 5=1.1.><ABp}-01B1.><OP><7Q,!>@1 ,IJ<;ZOPN9;Q1*2M>�3 H +67d,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZA!,.2MO�;=-?7R�>v�9DY-g3�><7Q,B-0�Q+6>4aPJF>M+�|l3�>@1�JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1�a�A.><,B5ZAB3�>F,�3 H +67�58OPN6/0-C]nJ<5s,B><+6A�36>fmQ58-07 µ E G >76;}><+[3t3�>�,B><7[1.-0;Z7 ° % q@J<;ZABA.>@1*Nn;Z7[3[587Q,!a�/g5�m=A.-0/0/?>�36+4,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZAb>@1 ,�+674Nn;Z-07Q,�36>�L[5Z+�,.>

Page 78: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6� �6���b �% ��f�� � �&�-0OPN92@36587[J<>ZqZJ H >@1 ,XNn;Z+6AK�Q+6;Z- qs-0/6>M1*,�JKL6;Z-g1.-�N9;=+6AXN6/g5ZJF>MAX/?>�N:)Z/0>�N6AB-?79JF-0N[58/6J<;Z7[1*,.-?,.+62�36>/g5tJM58N[5=JF-?,.2f� 9�; ² & 58][7l3�>e1*,B58c[-?/0-01.><A�/0>f1>J�1 ,*0<OP>ZE6{Y>F,.,.>eJ<58N95ZJF-?,.2f>M1*,�,BA>0@1#1*+6Nn2<AB-0><+6AB>aw/g5�J<5ZN[5ZJ<-C,B2\2M�Q+6-0ps58/0><7Q,.>�N[58AK5Z1.-C,B>\JF;=A.AB>M1.N9;=7[365Z7=,4a�/g5�1.;ZOPOP>\3�>M1�J<5ZN[5ZJ<-C,B2M1436>m=A.-0/?/0>M1�3�>M1�,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=AB1�hviekw3�>�,.;=+�,.>@1�/0>M1&JF></0/0+6/?>@1�axAB>F,K58AK3rE G�H 5=1.1.><ABp}-01B1*>MOP><7Q,�>M1*,3 H 58+6,B587Q,�N6/0+[1�><�xJM5ZJ<>f�Q+6>�/0>�m=5Z-?7 µ 3�>�/ H 58OPN6/0-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7�>M1*,�mZAK587[3rEN�� ��� " �������!�� ��� # {Y>F,f58OPN6/0-C]9JM5s,B><+6Af3�;Z-?,&5�pZ;=-?A�/0>4mQ58-07�OP58|�-?Ox58/�5s][7�3 H 5=1.1.><A.^p}-0A�58+�OP-0><+�|w/05�,B><7[1.-0;Z7 ° / Enu�;=+[1�5�p=;Z7[1�JKL6;=-01.-�3�>dJ<5Z1BJ<5=3�><A�36><+�|�58OPN6/0-C]nJ<5s,B><+6AK1MEG >\N6AB><OP-?>MAt>@1 ,t+[7 58OPN6/0-C]nJ<5s,B><+6A�3�-?_n2MA.>M7=,B-?>M/�a�c[5Z1.>�3�>x,BAB5Z7[1.-01*,.;=A4c6-0N9;=/05Z-?AB>ZEX{Y>, J}Nn>�3 H 5ZOPN6/?-gJ<58,.>M+6A\;8_`AB>�+67%OP><-0/?/0><+6A�m=58-07 N[58A�AB5ZN6N9;=A*,\a�/g5 1*,.AB+[Jo,B+6A.>�2@�Q+6-?ps58^/0><7Q,.>f�*hjiekQ�KE G >t1.>MJF;=7[3w2F,K58m=>�>M1*,�+67�-07}pZ><AK1.><+6A&{�hjiekw�Q+6-�Nn><ABO�><,&3 H 58+6m=OP><7Q,.>MA1.+6c[1*,B5Z7=,B-?>M/?/0><OPOP><7Q,�/0>�m=58-07w3�>e/ H ><7[1.><Odc6/0>\R ][m=+6A.>�y[E?T � DoE

Vd

Rc

Valim

Vref

I

Vg

�#�W��� y[E?T � �lk�JKL[2<Ox5�2</0>MJo,BA.-g�Q+6>�3�>e/ H 58OPN6/0-?]9J<58,.><+[AN � ��� ����*=Q�����3�� � � # G >&,BAB5Z7[1BJF;Z793�+[Jo,B><+6A�RW][m[E�y6E0T � D�J<;Z7}pZ>MA*,B-C,#/g54,B><7[1.-?;=7�36>J<;Z7Q,.A*)Z/0>�36>�AB>F,K58AK3 ° , ´ / ><7 J<;Z+6AK587Q, 1 / Eb¼½/X>@1 ,tJ<;Z7[1*,.-?,.+62x3 H +67�OP-?AB;Z-0A43�>xJF;=+6AK587Q,J<;ZOPN9;Q1*2f3�>e3�><+�|x,BAB5Z7[1.-01*,.;=AB1�c6-?Nn;Z/g58-0AB>M1Y-03�>M7Q,.-g�=+[>M1����>F,� 6 E G 5dAB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>�2@�Q+6-C^ps58/0><7Q,B>\58+ JF;=/?/0>MJF,.><+[At3�>�� � >M1*,tJF;Z7Q,BA>)=/05Zc6/?>=E G >�J<;Z+6AK587Q, 1 / 3�AK58-0762xN[5ZA�� 6 / H >M1*,3�;=7[J�58+91.1.-·E G 5PAB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>436;Z7Q,�76;=+[1�pZ>M76;Z791�3�>4N[5ZA./0><A�>M1*,&JF;=O�Nn;=1.2<>43 H +67[>4A.2@1*-g1*^,K587[J<>\� 6 >M7vN958AK58/0/W0M/?>x5�pZ>@JP� � ><,t+67v,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZA4hjiek >� bE!k}-�>� >M1*,��W><ABO�2=qb/0>J<;Z+6AK587Q, 1 / RWOP-?7[-?Od+6O\DI>@1 ,�]6|�2�N[5ZAY� 6 R·ad����><,����f3�;=76762@1BDFE}k}- >� \>M1*,Y;=+6pZ>MA*,@qZ/0>J<;Z+6AK587Q,&3�2MN9>M7[3v3�>�� ����� � 6 R·JF;Z+[AB5Z7=,fOx5s|�-?Od+6O\DoE�{Y;Z7Q,BA>)=/?>MA�/g5\,B><7[1.-?;=7j3�>�mZAB-0/?/0>° % 3�> >� AB><p}-0><7Q,xa��º5Z-?AB>lps5ZA.-0><A�/?>wJF;=+6AK587Q, 1 / ><7Q,.AB>�/?>@1�36><+�| ><|Q,BA>XMOP>M1P3�2F]976-01N6AB2MJ<2M3�>MOPO�>M7Q,ME��]97 3�>\JF;=7[JF>MpZ;Z-0A�JF>@14JF-0ABJ<+6-?,B1Mqb-?/�>M1*,4762MJ<>M1B1.5Z-?AB>�3 H ><|}N[A.-0OP><A4/g5w1*>M7[1*-0c6-0/?-?,.2l3�+J<;Z7Q,.A*)Z/0>�3�>@1!AB>F,K58AK361!><74�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7d3�>@1�3�-C_`2<AB><7Q,K1�2M/?2MO�>M7Q,[email protected] ,K587[J<>M1Mq<,BAB5Z7[1*-g1*,.;ZAK1ME?E0E3�+wJF-0AKJF+6-?,ME� �������� ����!����=Q� ��� �� �� �����"�� �� ��� ��S� =:� � ���: � 2 ²� 2F,.>MA.OP-076;Z791\/g5 1*>M7[1.-?c6-0/0-C,B2�3�+'JF;=7Q,.A*)Z/0><+6A�36>�A.><,B5ZAB3 2 ² ��� , 2 ²�� Nn;Z+6Al+67J<;Z+6AK587Q, 1 / 3�;Z7[762ZEn{Y><,*,B>�p�5Z/?>M+6A�/0-?>4/0>M1#ps5ZA.-g5s,B-?;=7[1�3�>�AB>F,B5ZAB3�axJF>M/?/0>M1�36>�/05�,B><7[1.-?;=73�>�J<;Z7Q,.A*)Z/0> ° , ´ / R·Jo��][m[E6y[E?T�DoE

Page 79: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� U �������� ��� ������������������������������ �!����"#%$&'$�(��!�*)

dI

R1R2

R3 R4

Q1 Q2

Gnd

Valim

M

cmdV

α

T

�#�W�Y� y6E0T � � G >f,.AK587[1BJF;=7[3�+[JF,.>M+6Au�;Z+91f1.+6N6Nn;=1.;Z791&/g5lc9;=+[JF/0>�1*,B5Zc6/0>d><,��Q+6>�/0>M1e3�-?_n2MA.>M7=,K1f2</02<OP><7Q,B1e1.;Z7Q,e+�,.-0/?-g1.2M13658791!/0><+[A!:M;Z76>#3�>Y�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7676>MOP><7Q,�/0-0762M5Z-?AB>ZEsu�;=+[1!N9;=+6pZ;=7[1�2@JFAB-?AB>Y�Q+6>�/0>�mQ58-07t3 H +676>JF>M/?/0+6/0> 2 ²�� ps58+�,4¾

2 ²�� � ����������

1 � A � �A ��� A � �A 1 /ª «o¬ ­ A 1 /

A ° , ´ /ª «F¬ ­� ;=+[JF/0>f36>4JF;Z7Q,BA>)=/?>� !AB5Z7[1.J<;Z7[36+[Jo,B><+6A R·y6E¸z8y=D

� � ����� � ��� ���� § # G >x3�2MN6L[5Z1B58m=>����

�><,4/?>@1ep�5ZA.-g5s,B-?;=7[1f3�>xA.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>��s����1*;=7=,/?-02M1#N958A�/g5dAB></g5s,B-?;=7�1.+6-0ps587Q,.>P¾

A � �A ��� �8A � �A » A »A ��� � ¡���� � � � ¿ºÀI� ¡ �

u�;Z+91YNn;Z+[pZ;Z791�AB><Ox58AK�Q+6><AY-0J<-r�=+[>&/0>f362<N6L[5=1.5ZmZ>&>M1*,#3 H 58+6,B587Q,#N6/0+[1#1*>M7[1*-0c6/0>&�Q+6>/05�ps58/0><+[A�3�>t� � >@1 ,�mZAK58793�>ZE� �������� ����� ��� =:� � ��� §

� ³ 1# ( /05*)F;=7[1�76;Z+[1#365Z7[1#/0>f3�;=Ox58-076>f36> G 58N6/g5ZJ<>ZE G 5t,.>M7�^1*-0;Z7 3�AK58-07�^½1*;=+6AKJF>x3�+�,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZA> � >M1*,t/0-?2M>�58+ J<;Z+6AK587Q, 1 / ><,daw/g5�ps58/0><+6At36>�1.5A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>e3�>4J<5Z7[58/b� � N[5ZA�/ H >F|�N6AB>M1B1.-?;=7l1.+6-?ps5Z7=,B>P¾

A � �A 1 /

���`�I�  1 6 / ���`� � °n±K²C³0´ ¢ ° / ���n�.���  1 6 / ���`� � °n±K²C³0´ ¢ ° / ���n�° %'&�( ° %'&�( ©k};Z-?, µ ���n��/0>�m=58-07w3�>e/ H 58OPN6/0-C]nJ<5s,B><+6A�><,������n�#JF>M/?+[-�3�+�,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZA ( hjiek`E

Page 80: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6� �6���b �% ��f�� � ���

µ ���`�I� ° % ���n�° %'&�( ¢ ° / ���n�

�l���`��� °n±K²C³0´ ¢ ° / ���n�° ±K²C³0´ ¢ ° % ���n�

k};=-C,�� ���n�I� �1�� 9����� �

/0>�m=5Z-?7w3�>e/05Pcn;Z+9JF/0>&�W>MA.OP2M>ZE6¼½/b1 H 2@JFAB-C,�¾� ���`�I� µ ���`� �l���n�

  ¢ µ ���n� �����`�¼½/bp}-0><7Q,�¾

A ���A 1 /

���n�I�  1 6 / ���`� � °n±K²C³0´ ¢ � ���n� ° %'&�( � Rºy6E¸z � D� ������ � ����!����=Q� �� µ ���n� # G >�1BJKL62<Ox5d2M�Q+6-0ps58/0><7Q,�Nn>F,B-C,�1.-0mZ7[5Z/`36>f/ H 58OPN6/0-C]6^JM5s,.>M+6A#>M1*,�A.>MN6AB2M1.><7Q,.2e1*+[A�/05d][m=+6A.>�y[E?T � E6k};Z-0><7Q,���� >F,��M�41*>@1#A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>M1#3 H ><7Q,BA.2M>><,X36>�1*;=A*,B-?>=EZk};Z7�m=5Z-?7 D ��>@1 ,�J<;ZOPN9;Q1*2�3�+PmQ58-07�3�>�/g5fN[58-0AB>#36>�c[-?Nn;Z/g58-0A.>#><,�3�>�JF>M/?+6-3�>&/ H -07Qp=><AK1*>M+6A@E GIH 58OPN6/0-C]nJ<5s,B><+6A#JKL[5ZA.m=>�/?>@1�m=A.-0/?/0>M1�3�>@1I,BAB5Z7[1*-g1*,.;ZAK1�>v��36>�,.;=+�,.>@1�/0>M1J<></0/?+6/0>M1�a&A.><,B5ZAB3rE8i&7t7[2<mZ/0-0mZ><AK5�/g5fJ<58N95ZJF-?,.2�2M�Q+6-0ps58/0><7Q,.>#3�>Y,.;=+�,.>@1XJF>M1�m=A.-0/?/0>M1�3�>Mp�5Z7Q,/g5PJ<58N95ZJF-?,.24� 9�; ² & AK5�C ;=+�,.2M>f362F,.>MA.OP-07[587Q,�76;Z,.AB>fN:)Z/0>�N6AB-?79JF-0N[58/IR ¡ � ���4DoE

ro

VGAAGref−VdV Cpole

RAVg

A

�#�W�Y� y6E0T � �lk�JKL62<Ox5P2@�=+[-?ps58/0><7Q,�Nn>F,.-?,�1.-?m=7[58/b3�>�/ H 58OPN6/0-C]9JM5s,B><+6Au�;=+[1�5�pZ;=7[1f¾

° % ���`�I� µ ���n�b� ° / ���n� ¢ ° %+& ( �>F,4¾µ ���n�I� µ �

� ® � 9 ; ² &5�pZ>@J�� 9�; ² & �   � � 9�; ² & � 9�; ² & E}i&7\JF;=7[1.-03!0MA.>��Q+6>�/g5eAB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>�3�>�mZAB-?/0/?>�36>�>v�P>M1*,-07�][76- q[3�;=7[Je� 9�; ² & ���M�ZE

Page 81: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

UZ¹ ������������� ������������������������������� �!����"#%$&'$�(��!���*)

Vg Valim IdsCgs Valim

G D

S

Rds Vd

�#�W�Y� y6E0TMU4��k6JKL62<Ox5�2M�Q+6-0ps58/0><7Q,�3�+ ( OP;=1� �������� �����!��� =:���� �����`� # u�;=+[1Ip=;Z+6/0;Z791X+�,.-0/0-01.><AY/?>�,BAB5Z7[1.-01*,.;=A ( hjiekx3[587[11.5�:M;Z76>�3�>�/0-?7[2M58AB-?,.2ZE G 5d][mZ+[A.>�y6E0TMUdN6AB2M1.><7Q,.>e/0>41.JKL[2<Ox5�2M�Q+6-0p�5Z/?>M7Q,�3�+�,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=AMEk};Z-0><7Q,�� %'& 1B5PJ<5ZN[5ZJ<-C,B2e36>�mZAB-?/0/?>f>F,�� / & 1.5�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>e3�>4J<5Z7[58/ E��+wN6AB><OP-?>MA�;ZAK3�AB>d¾

° / ���`��� ° ±K²?³?´ ¢ 1 / ���`�¡�2 À � � ° % ���n� ¢ °n±K²C³0´ ¢ ° � � �� ;=7[J�aPJF;Z+[AB5Z7=,�3�;=76762 1 / ���n�f¾�����n��� A ° /A ° %

���`��� ¡�2 À � 1 / ���n���� 6� ���n�

7v�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7676>MOP><7Q,43!J}7[58OP-g�=+[>Zq �<�xJF;=A.AB>M1.Nn;Z7[3�5Z+�|�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>@1&36>PJM587[5Z/�36>M1,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZAK14u�hjiek >F, ( hjiek%R·JF;=7[1 ,B-C,B+[587Q,P/ H 2F,K58m=>\-?7}p=><AK1*>M+6Ad3�>�/ H 5ZO�N[/?-?]9J<58,.>M+6AKDOP-01.>M1�>M7�N[58AK58/0/ 0</0>ZE[�!pZ>@Je/05PNn;Z/g58AB-01B5s,B-?;=7�3�;Z767[2<> �<�4� ¡Z¡ L MfE6�!pZ>MJ4� ² ; ± / � ¡ � � �Pq/05d�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>�3�>4J<;Z+6N6+[A.>e><7�cn;Z+[J</?>�;=+6pZ>MA*,B>&ps58+6,4¾ � , �� ����L ���lEG 5t][mZ+6AB>e3�+lmQ58-07\><7�cn;Z+[J</?>f;Z+6p=><A.,.>fy6E0T � 7[;Z+[1�OP;Z7Q,.AB>e3�>M1�Ox58ABmZ>@1Y3�>fm=5Z-?7l>F,3�>fN6L[5Z1.>&1.+��\1B587Q,.>@1�Nn;Z+6A#5Z1B1.+6A.>MA�/g5d1*,B5Zc6-0/?-?,.2f3�>&/g5dc9;=+[JF/0>dRºA.>@1*Nn>MJF,.-0pZ><OP>M7=, ¡ �����>F,   �Z� � £ � ����DoE� � ����� F� D ´ � A 1 / � A ° , ´ / # D ´ 362MJF;=OPN9;Q1*>x58+91.1.-I3�>x/g5��º5*)F;=7�1.+6-0ps587Q,.>P><7�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7w3�>M1�p�5ZA.-g58c[/?>@1�36+wJ<-?AKJF+[-C,�3�+�,.AK58791.J<;Z7[3�+9J<5s,B><+6Ae¾

D ´ �BA 1 /A 1

A 1A 1

A 1 A ° , ´ /

R·y6E¸z � Dk};Z7\JM58/gJF+6/�RºpZ;=-?AI/ H 587676><|�> � DI3�2<cn;Z+[JKL[>ZqZ/0;ZAK1B�=+[>�/g5ecn;Z+[J</?>�5�5=J<J<A.;�JKL62=q81*+6AY/ H >F|}^N6AB>M1B1*-0;Z7�362<Nn><7[365Z7Q,#3�>f/g54,B><7[1.-?;=7l3�>eJF;=7Q,.A*)Z/0> ° , ´ / q�3�>f/05t,.>M7[1.-?;=7l3 H 58/0-?OP>M7=,K5s,B-?;=7

° ±o²C³?´ qn3�> 2 À �����7:9=�<;>=? @�� 3�2<Nn><7[3[587Q,&3�>@1�1.N92@JF-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7[1�36+�,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZA ( hjiek>� rqn3�>t1B5�,.>M7[1*-0;Z7�3�>d1*>M+6-?/ q936>4/05PAB2M1.-g1 ,K587[J<>4� � R·���e� ¡ ���Zq9>F,&� 6 >M1*,�m=AB5Z7[3�>e>F,762<m=/?-0mZ2M>@D&¾

D ��� 2 À �� ° , ´ / ¢ ° � ®�° ±K²?³?´ ¢ � � 1 / �  ® ¡32 À � �s� ° , ´ / ¢ ° � ®�°n±K²C³0´ ¢ � � 1 / � R·y6E¸z � DG ;ZAK1B�=+[>�/?>e1>J}1*,>0MOP>&5t58,*,B><-07=,#1*;=7\AB2<mZ-0OP>�Nn><ABOx5876>M7=,@q=/ H 58N6N6/0-gJ<5s,B-?;=7\7}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>3�>f/ H 2M�Q+[58,.-0;Z7�y[E z � 3�;Z7[76>�+67[>&ps58/0><+[AY-g3�><7Q,B-0�Q+6>fatJF>M/?/0>e3�;Z767[2<>�N958A�/05d1*-0Ot+6/g5s,B-?;=7b¾

Page 82: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6� �6���b � � ��f����� U[T

100.01.0k

10.0k100.0k

1.0M10.0M

100.0M1.0G

(LOG)

-60.0

-50.0

-40.0

-30.0

-20.0

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0 (LIN)

-200.0

-150.0

-100.0

-50.0

0.0

50.0

100.0

150.0

200.0

(LIN)

Mar 27, 200215:35:36

boucle_pstar

Analysis: AC

User: suspluga Simulation date: 27-03-2002, 15:35:28

File: /user/suspluga/Personal/Spectre/spectre445.art/simulation/boucle_pstar/Pstar/schematic/netlist/term.sdif

F

- y1-axis -

DB(GV)

- y2-axis -

PHA(GV)

���W�Y� y6E0T � � � � -g58m=AB5ZOPO�>@1#3�> � ;}36>f>M7wc9;=+[JF/0>e;Z+6p=><A.,.>�3�> µ � �Y� ��� �Y�

D ´ � ¡ / ��   � ¤ � µ / ° ¤ ������ 3<; G >M1#ps5Z/?>M+6AB1#3�>@1�ps58AB-05Zc6/0>M1#1*;=7Q,#AK5Z1B1.><Otc[/?2M>M1�><7l][7�3�>4JKL[5ZN6-C,BA.>=E243 5.7 249 : 3 ;�/ H >F|�N6AB>M1B1.-?;=7�Nn;Z+6ABAB5Z-C,<XF,BA.>43 H 5�ps587Q,K58mZ>f1*-0OPN6/0-C][2M>x¾

D ´ �  ¡ � � � ¡ /�   � ¤ � µ / ° ¤ �{Y>F,.,.>\3�>MA.7[-W0MA.>��W;ZABOP>P>F|�N6/0-0J<-C,B>x/05�3�2MN9>M7[365Z7[JF>\3�>x/g5l,.AK587[1BJF;=7[3�+[JF,B5Z7[JF>P3�>x/g5AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>�� � qXN9;=+6Ax3�>M1�ps58/0><+[AB1P3�>�A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>M1�� 6 qI���8qI���l][|}2M>M1�>F,xNn;Z+6AP+67[>Nn;Z/g58AB-01B5s,B-?;=7�3�;Z7[762<>@1<Eb{Y>F,.,.>�A.>MOP5ZAB�Q+6>t76;Z+[1e1.><ABp}-?AK5xNn;Z+6A&][7[5Z/?-g1*>MA&/g5�J<;Z7[J<><N�,B-?;=73�>�J<>F,�2F,K58m=>ZE� =:���� ������=Q�� 587[1�/0>4J<5=1�;Z+w/?>�mQ58-07 µ >@1 ,�-07�][7[-b>F,��Q+6>�76;=+[1#76;=+[1�,.AB;Z+6p=;Z7[1#365Z7[1�/g5�c[587[36>3 H 5Z1B1.><ABpQ-g1B1*>MO�>M7Q,�3�>�/g5�c9;=+[JF/0>458/0;ZAK1<q � ���n�I�   >F,�/ H 2M�Q+[58,.-0;Z7wy6E¸z � 3�>MpQ-0><7Q,�¾

A � �A 1 /

� °9±o²C³?´ ¢ ° %'&�(1 6 / Rºy6E¸z � D

Page 83: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

U=z ������������� ������������������������������� �!����"#%$&'$�(��!���*)��-07[1*- q[5�p=>MJf/ H 2M�Q+[58,.-0;Z7wy6E¸z � qQ/0>em=5Z-?7�+676-?,B5Z-?AB> 2

�N[5ZA�JF></0/0+6/?>eps58+6,4¾

2 ²�� � ¡���� �@���[¿WÀI� ¡ �r� ° %'&�( ¢ ° ±o²C³?´ �1 6 /D ´ R·y6E¸z8U=D

{Y>F,*,B>f�W;ZABOt+6/g5s,B-?;=7�3�+�mQ58-07�3�>e/g54/0-?m=76>fadAB>F,B5ZAB3�3�;Z767[>&3�>@1YAB2M1.+6/?,B58,B1#JF;=L62<AB><7Q,B158+�,B;Z+6A�3�>�/g5e,B><7[1.-?;=7\3�>&J<;ZOPOx587[36> ° , ´ / 58+xAB><mQ58AK3P3�>M1�1*-0Ot+[/058,.-0;Z7[1&RWOP>M1.+6AB>M1�1.+6A/05�][m=+6A.>�y6E¸z8¹QDbJF;=OPN�,.>�,.>M7}+d3�>@1�1.-0O�N[/?-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7[1!�º5Z-C,B>M1�N9;=+6A�/?>#J<5Z/0J<+6/ E G�H 5ZN6N6/0-0JM5s,B-?;=77}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>�3�>�/ H 2M�Q+[5s,B-?;=7%y6E¸z8U 3�;=7676> RW/0>M1�ps58/0><+6AK1x3�>M1�ps58AB-05Zc6/?>@1x1*;=7Q,\><7�][7'3�>JKL[58N[-C,BA.>�Doq65�pZ>@J�/0>M1�36;Z76762M>M1#N6L J�1.-0�Q+6>@1�3�+�JF-0ABJ<+6-C,tRºpZ;=-?A#/0>�N[58AK58m=AB5ZN6L6>&y[E � D&¾2 ²�� ����/ ������ / ° ¤ �

,&3�;=7[JfN9;=+6A� , ����q2 ² � ¡ /   ����� / ° ¤ �GIH >F|�N92MA.-0OP><7Q,B58,.-0;Z7�76;Z+91#N9>MA.OP>F,.,.AK5P3�>�A.><,.AB;Z+6p=><A#JF><,*,.>�ps5Z/?>M+6AME

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

Vctrl en volts

Kl e

n ra

d.V

−1

Sensibilité du système de controle

�#�W�Y� y[E zZ¹t� G 5P1*>M7[1*-0c6-0/?-?,.2 2 ² ><7��W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7�3�>�/g5d,.>M7[1*-0;Z7 ° , ´ /��������� ��� ���������� � � � � � ���� �� �

G >4JF;=OPN[58AK5s,B><+6A�3�>�N6L95Z1.>�+�,.-0/?-g1.2�>M1*,�-03�>M7Q,.-g�=+[>4axJF><+6|�+�,.-0/0-01.2M1�3[587[1�/0>M1�58AKJKL6-C^,.>@Jo,.+[A.>@1 (�G�G 3�2 C*a�3�2MJ<A.-?,43658791e/?>\JKL[5ZN6-?,.AB>�N[A.2@JF2M36><7Q,ME G ;ZAK1f36>x/05wJF;=7[JF>MN�,.-0;Z7�3�>76;=1fJF-0AKJF+6-?,B1Mq97[;Z+[1f5�pZ;=7[1�AB2MJF+[N92MA.2�36587[1�/05�c6-0c6/?-0;8,BL 0M�Q+6>P3�>d/ H ><7Q,.AB><N[A.-g1*>t+676> (�G�G3�2 C*aeAB2M5Z/?-g1.2<>�3�;Z7Q,I/g5�1*>M7[1.-?c6-0/0-C,B2 2 , 9e�   /   � ¤ � µ / ����� ¤ � E}k�5eJF;Z7Q,BA.-0c6+�,B-?;=7�>M7Pc6A.+[-C,3�>�N6L[5=1*>�1.><AK5t7[2<mZ/0-0mZ>M5Zc6/0>&N[5ZA.OP-bJ<></0/?>@1�3�>M1�5Z+�,.AB>M1�c6AB+6-?,B1ME

Page 84: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6� �[���b%�#������ $�Y) ��Y�������bY) U=y��������� � ��� ��� � ��� ��� ��������G 5�c9;=+[JF/0>\>M1*,d-07[J<;Z7[3�-?,.-0;Z7[76></0/?>MOP><7Q,d1*,B58c[/?>�5�pZ>MJP+[7�][/C,BA.>�3�+ N6AB><OP-0><A4;=AB36A.>=E¼½/YN9>M+�,�1.>\AB2M1.+6OP><Ata�+[76>l1.-?OPN6/0>�JM58N[5=JF-?,.2��Q+6-��º5ZJF-0/0-C,B>l58-07[1.-Y1.;Z7�-07=,B2<m=AB58,.-0;Z7bE!k65�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7�3�>e,BAB5Z7[1*�W><A.,#ps5Z+�,�¾

2 ( ³?² , %'& ���`�I�   � � � Rºy6E¸z � DGIH -0O�Nn2M3[587[J<>�3�+P][/?,.AB>�2F,B5Z7Q,I-?Ox58m=-?7958-0A.>�N6+6AB>Zq8/0>#][/?,.AB>�7 H >M1*,�N[5Z1�c[A.+ JQ587Q,ME8u�;Z+[15�p=;Z7[1Xp=;Z+6/0+\JKL6;=-01.-?A�+676>�ps5Z/?>M+6A��*OP;�JZ><7[76>o�4R·��� �8� ���4DoE G >�J<-?AKJF+6-?,YAB2M5Z/?-g1.2�N9>MA.OP><,><_n>@Jo,.-0pZ>MOP><7Q,�36>YAK5�C ;=+�,.>MA�+676>#J<5ZN[5ZJ<-C,B2�><|Q,B><AB76>�><7d1.2<AB-0>Y3�>#JF>M/?/0>F^½JF-Q;Z+d><7tN958AK58/0/W0M/?>=EG�H ;=c!C >MJF,.-?�92F,K58-?,I3�>�1*>#AB><7[36A.>#JF;=O�N6,.>�3�>#/ H ><_n><,�3�>#/05fc[5Z7[3�>�3�>�JF;=+6N6+6AB>�1*+[A�/0>�c6AB+6-?,;=c[1*>MA.ps5Zc6/?>f><7w1.;ZA.,.-0>ZE��� �� ������������� ����� �� � �!� ��

{Y;ZOPOP>�7[;Z+[1�><7�5�p=;Z7[1I�º58-?,Y/ H L J}N9;Z,.L 0@1*>&N6AB2MJF2@3�><OPOP><7Q,@qZ76;=+[1YJ<;Z7[1.-g3�2<AB;Z7[1��=+[>/0>M1Pc6AB+6-?,B1Pm=2<762MA.2@1PN[58Ax/0>M1xJ<></0/?+6/0>M1P><,�JF>M/?+6-&3�>�/05vAB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>w1*;=7Q,PN[A.2MN9;=7[3�2<AK587Q,K11.+6A�/?>@1�58+�,BA.>@1<E�{ H >@1 ,�Nn;Z+6AK�Q+6;Z- q�76;Z+[1�2<,.+[3�-0><AB;Z791l/ H -?OPN[5=Jo,�3�>v/05�1 ,BA.+9Jo,.+[A.>�3�>M1,BAB5Z7[1*-g1*,.;ZAK1 ( hjiek�1*+6A�/0>#c6A.+[-C,I3 H ><7[1.><Odc6/0>Y><,I76;Z+[1�JKL6>MABJKL[><AB;Z7[1!36587[1�+[7�3�>M+�|�-W0MOP>,B><OPN[1�a�2<ps58/0+6>MA�/?>dc6AB+6-C,eax/g5\1*;=A*,B-?>d3 H +[76>dJ<></0/?+6/0>�,K587Q,f365Z7[1�/0>d36;ZOx58-076>t1.N9>@Jo,BAB5Z/�Q+6>f,.>MOPN9;=A.>M/·E����� ��" � ��� � �$# � �&% � � �� � � � �����(' ��������� �

( +6-g1B�=+[>�76;=+[1d5�p=;Z7[1�5=3�;ZN6,.2�+[76>l1*,.AB+[Jo,B+6AB>�3�-?_n2MA.>M7=,B-?>M/?/0>�7[;Z+[1t762<m=/?-0mZ>M;Z7[1�/0>M1c6AB+6-?,B1&3�>t/ H 5Z/?-0OP><7Q,B58,.-0;Z7bqn3�>4/g5xOx5Z1B1*>=q93�>d/05�1*;=+6ABJ<>43�>dJ<;Z+6AK587Q,�><,&/0>tc6AB+6-?,&1*+[A�/g5,B><7[1.-?;=7\3�>�m=A.-0/0/?>f3�>&h T�>F,�h�z�EQu�>fA.>@1 ,B><7Q,Y�Q+6>�/0>M1Yc6AB+6-?,B1�,.L6>MA.OP-g�=+[>M1��=À � § �s� � �I><,�=À � § 6 � � �#36>M1�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>@1�3�>4J<5Z7[58/b36>M1�hjiekl+�,B-?/0-g1*2@1�3658791�/?>M+6A�:M;Z76>�3�>�/0-?7[2M58AB-?,.2ZqJ<><+�|e�ZÀ*) �8� � �`>F,!�=À*) 6 � � �IRWc6AB+6-?,!3�>�m=A.>M7[58-0/0/?>�>F,�,.L6>MA.OP-g�=+[>�3�>M1�A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>M1�3�>Ic[5=1*>@1N6AB-07[JF-0N[58/0><OP>M7=,oD�36>M1!,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZAK1�c6-0Nn;Z/g58-0A.>@1�+dT�>F,,+eztRW][m[E8y[E z6T@Db>F,�][7[5Z/?>MO�>M7Q,�J<><+�|N6AB;spZ>M7[587Q,Y36>M1#AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>@1Y�K9�¾��ZÀ � 0 � � � �Y>F,��=À � 0 6 � � �FE G >@1�1.-0Ot+6/g5s,B-?;=7[1�O�;=7Q,.AB><7Q,�Q+6>e76;=+[1#N9;=+6pZ;=7[1#762MmZ/0-?m=><A#/?>�c[A.+6-?,�3�>�mZAB><7958-0/?/0>f36>M1#,BAB5Z7[1*-g1*,.;ZAK1Yc6-?Nn;Z/g58-0AB>M1ME����� ��- . ��� � � �/#������ � �/0 1# *� � �� � �2�� �3#������ � 54�6G >\,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=Athjiek�N958A.,.-gJF-0N9>�5Z+ c6AB+6-C,P3�>�3�>M+�| Ox5876- 0<AB>M1436-C_`2<AB><7Q,.>@1<E �tH +676>N[5ZA*,�-0/6mZ2M7 0<AB>�36+dc6AB+6-?,   � � RWp=;Z-0AI{YL958N6-?,.AB>&T�DoqZ3 H 5Z+�,.AB>YN958A.,Mq81B5&AB2M1.-g1 ,K587[J<>Y3�>�JM587[5Z/N6AB;�3�+6-?,Y+67lc6AB+6-C,Y,.L6>MA.OP-g�Q+6>ZE�k}-`/?>&N6AB><OP-?>MAYc[A.+6-?,�3�2<Nn><7[3�><7\N958A.,.-0>&3�+�36-?OP><791*-0;Z7�^76>MOP><7Q,&3�+�,BAB5Z7[1.-01*,.;=AMq6/0>t1.>MJ<;Z7[3�3�2MN9>M7[3�3�+�A.><,B58AK3w�Q+6>476;=+[1�/0+6-�1*;=+6L[58-?,.;=7[1�p=;Z-0AAB2M5Z/?-g1*>MAtRºalJ<5ZN[5ZJ<-C,B2d����3�;Z767[2<>@DFE G >M1�N6AB;}J<2M3�2@1�76>�Nn><ABO�><,*,B><7Q,&N[5=1&36>tmZAK5�pZ>MA�3�>M1JM58N[5=JF-?,.2M1�3�>M7[1*>@1<EZ{ H >M1*,XN9;=+6AB�Q+6;=-}76;Z+[1�JKL6;=-01.-0A.;=7[1b/g5fN6/?+91!m=AB5Z7[3�>Y,B5Z-?/0/?>#3�>�J<5ZN[5ZJ<-C,B25=J<JF>MN�,B5Zc6/0>�58+\p}+�36>�/g5t1.+6A*�º5=JF>�,B;8,K58/0>&3�+�J<-?AKJF+[-C,@E}u�;Z+[1�><7�3�2M3�+[-?AB;Z7[1�/05tps58/0><+6A�, J=^N6-g�Q+6>�3�>����x>F,Y5Z-?791*-6/0>�3�-0OP><7[1.-0;Z7676>MOP><7Q,I>F,�/g5�Nn;Z/g58AB-01B5s,B-?;=7�36+P,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=A ( hjiek`E{Y;ZOPOP>�76;=+[1X/ H 5�p=;Z7[1�p}+\365Z7[1X/0>�N6A.>MOP-?>MA�JKL[58N[-C,BA.>=q8/?>�c[A.+6-?,I,BL6><ABOP-0�Q+6>�>@1 ,IN[A.;Z^Nn;ZA.,.-0;Z767[></`at/g54ps58/0><+[A#36>&/g54AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>�Rº3�;=7[Jf58+�AK58N[N9;=A*,�7 �98 D�>F,#/0>&c6AB+6-?,�>M7�T9:@�

Page 85: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

U � ������������� ������������������������������� �!����"#%$&'$�(��!���*)

E

C p

pR

S

pR

C p

Valim Valim

E

Io

R β βR

βC /2S

InIn

InRp 1

β β

InRp 2

Q2Q1

InQ1

InQ2

R 2R 1

B

A

�#�W��� y[E z6T�� G >M1#c6AB+6-?,B1�365Z7[1#+676>4J<></0/?+6/0>43�>�AB>F,K58AK3>M1*,�-07Qp=><AK1*>MOP><7Q,�N6A.;=N9;=A*,B-?;=7676>M/�aP/05�1*+6A.�º5ZJ<>43�>4/g5PmZAB-?/0/0>\R�7 8 DFE9u�;Z+[1�A.>@JKL6><AKJKL6;Z791/?>�OP>M-?/0/?>M+6A�JF;=OPN6A.;=OP-01#>M7=,BA.>�J<>M1�3�>M+�|lc[A.+6-?,B1#><,�/05x1.+6Nn><A.]9JF-0>�3�+�,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZA�a�+676>�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>�36;Z76762M> � � ® � & Eb��+vN6A.>MOP-?>MAf;=AB36A.>=q9/g5�N6+6-g1.1B587[J<>t,B;8,K58/0>�3�>Pc6AB+6-?,Mqra�/053�-g1 ,K587[J<>e�WA.2@�=+[><7Q,.-0></0/?> � & 36>�/05PNn;ZA.,.>M+[1*>=q6>M1*,�JF;=OPN9;Q1*2M>43�+wc6A.+[-C,�,BL6><ABOP-0�Q+6>436>4/05A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>f>F,�3�+wc6AB+6-?,�><7   � � E

��� %��³ , � � � 7 8ª «o¬ ­ ®

� 6� 6 7 8ª «o¬ ­

� ��� 1 �!��� £ � � 1� � £ � �� 1 � £ À �(

R·y6E yZ¹=D5�pZ>MJP��� � � � 6 � �w� 6 Ei&7 ]6|�> 7�� �98 � RWAB>M1.N9>@Jo,.-0pZ>MOP><7Q,x/05ZA.m=><+6A�>F,x/0;Z76m=+6><+6Ax3�>wm=A.-0/?/0><AP3�+�,.AK58791*-g1 ^,.;=A >v�[D�>M7�,.>M7[587Q,&J<;ZOPN�,B>d3�>d/05\J<;Z7[1.;ZOPOx5s,B-?;=7�1*;=+6L[58-?,.2M>4Nn;Z+6A&+67����[�o�d3�;=76762av/05��WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>�3�>��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7676>MOP><7Q,MEYi&7�N9;=+6ABAB5Z-C,xJKL6;Z-g1.-?AxJF>wAK58N6Nn;ZA.,x3�>��º5 )F;=7�aOP-?76-0OP-01.><At/05�1.+6A.�º5ZJF>x;�JMJF+6Nn2<>=E�i&7 58+6AK58-?,t58/0;ZAK1f/?>\AK58N[N9;=A*,�? ����@

����5�pZ>@J 8 ´#³ 4 �Q+6->M1*,�/05l/?;=76mZ+[><+6A�3�>PmZAB-0/?/0>dOP-076-0Ot+6O N9>MA.OP-g1*>�N[58Ae/0>PN6A.;�J<2M3�2=Eb{Y>MN9>M7[365Z7=,@qb5s][7�3�>3�-0O�-07}+6><Af/g5lJ<;Z7Q,.AB-?c[+�,.-0;Z7�36+�c6AB+6-?,f>M7   � � 76;Z+[1fJKL6;=-01.-01B1.;Z7[1&3 H 5Z+6mZOP>M7=,B><Af/05l1*+[A*^�º5ZJ<>l��� 7 � 8 � 3�+�,BAB5Z7[1*-g1*,.;ZA@Eb¼½/Y>F|�-01*,.>l58/0;ZAK1 � A.2M></ qr,.>M/��Q+6> 8 � � � 8 ´�³ 4 >F,

7 � � � 7 ´#³ 4 E9i&7�N9>M+�,�3�;Z79J�><|}N[A.-0OP><A�/g5d1.+6A.�º5ZJF>f><7��W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7�3�+�AK58N6Nn;ZA.,#JKL[;Z-g1*->F,�3�>e/g5P/?;=76mZ+[><+6A 8 ´#³ 4 E � � � 6 7 ´#³ 48 ´#³ 48 6´#³ 4i&7�N9>M+�,&58-07[1.-�3�2<,.><ABOP-?7[><A�Nn;Z+6A&+676>��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>436;Z76762M>�/?>tc6A.+[-C,�3�>tN6L[5Z1.>\R ]9m[Ey6E¸zZz=D#N9;=+6Ae+67�AK58N6Nn;ZA., 7 � 8 3�;=76762�>F,f+676>P1*+6A.�º5ZJ<>��%36;Z76762M>lRºpQ-g5l/05�p�5ZA.-g58c[/?>�>F, 8 ´�³ 4 36;Z76762M>�N[58A�/0>eN6AB;}J<2M3�2�DoEi&7�JKL6;Z-g1.-C,�7�� �98 �x�   6qQ3 H 58N6A*0M1�/05e]9mZ+6AB>�y6E¸zZze;=7x76>�mQ58mZ7[>�N6/0+[1X,B></0/?>MO�>M7Q,Y><7c6AB+6-C,�N9;=+6A ��� 0dR ( ;Z+6A�/?>�JF-0ABJ<+6-?,�AB2M5Z/?-g1*2=q<76;=+[1�5�pZ;Z791bJKL6;Z-g1.- � � �QDoE8i&7tJF;=7[1.-03!0MA.>axN6AB2M1.><7Q,f�Q+6>t/05l1*+6A.�º5ZJ<>t3�>d76;=1�,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=AB1�hjiekw>M1*,f1.+��\1B58OPOP><7Q,�mZAK58793�>4Nn;Z+6A7 H ><7�JF;=7[1*-g3�2MA.>MA#�Q+6>e/0>�c6AB+6-C,#,BL6><ABOP-0�Q+6>=E

Page 86: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6� �[���b%�#������ $�Y) ��Y�������bY) U �

2

4

6

82 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

−150

−145

−140

−135

N

W/L

Optimum du bruit en fonction de N et de W/L

Bru

it de

pha

se e

n dB

c/H

z

�#�W��� y[E z=z���R 7 � 8 D�i&N�,.-0Ot+6O����� ��� � ��� � �$# �5' ��� � ���/# ��� � � �4� � � � N ������ � �����I�� � � ��� �<" ������ ����P:��

G 5jJF>M/?/0+6/0>l><,P1.;Z7 2<,B5ZmZ>l36>�Nn;Z/g58AB-01B5s,B-?;=7 1*>wJF;=O�Nn;ZA.,.>lJF;ZOPOP>�+67 ][/?,.AB>ZE���]973 H 2<p}-?,.>MA�/ H 58OPN6/0-C]9JM5s,B-?;=7�3 H +676>�J<;ZOPN9;Q1.5Z7Q,.>#JF;Z7Q,B-?7}+6>�N[58AK5Z1.-?,.>#3�+�1.-0mZ7[5Z/}36-C_`2<AB><7Q,.-0></N[5ZAX/?>@1IJF>M/?/0+6/0>M1I�Q+6-9N9;=+6ABAB5Z-C,I1 H 5ZO�N[/?-?][><AX/0>�/0;Z76m�3�>�/05eJKL[5�$g76>�><,I][76-0AIN[5ZAXc6/0;}�Q+6>MAI/0>�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7676><OP>M7=,�36>M1�3�>MA.76- 0<AB>M1�J<></0/?+[/?>@1<q[J<></0/?>@1 ^½JF-b1.;Z7Q,�1.2<N[5ZA.2M>M1#N[5ZA�+67�3�2MJ<;Z+6N6/g58m=>5=JxRW+676>dJ<58N95ZJF-?,.24� 9x><7�1*2MA.-0>@D�><,�+67�2<,B58m=>43�>�Nn;Z/g58AB-01B5s,B-?;=7bE G >t1BJKL62MOP5�2M/?>@Jo,.AB-g�=+[>2@�=+[-?ps58/0><7Q,x3 H +676>�JF>M/?/0+6/0>l>@1 ,xAB><N6AB2M1.><7Q,.2lN[58AP/g5�]9mZ+6AB>�y[E zZy6E GIH 2F,K5s,x3�>wN6L[5Z1.>�>M1*,N6AB2</0><p=2�5ZN6A*0M1�/ H 2F,K58m=>#36>�Nn;Z/g58AB-g1.58,.-0;Z7bEZ{ H >M1*,IN9;=+6AB�Q+6;=-}76;Z+[1X362F,.>MA.OP-076><AB;Z791!/0>�c6AB+6-?,5Z+l76;}>M+[3 µ E

Cβ Rβ Rp

Cp

In InRpRβ

AB

�������� ������������������� �"!$#&%���')( *"+�,-(.+/#0+213#&4�*���!�5

67!�1�8�!9,-:�#&*;+=<?>7')(@1BA�CD!$#)+/1�+/�$(�C/�E#&�"!$(@1E8�( 1EC/� 1D#&13+/��*��.(@1B8$(F� �G*���!�5H(.+�8�(F'I�

Page 87: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

U � ������������� ������������������������������� �!����"#%$&'$�(��!���*)A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>e� 96q�AB>M1.N9>@Jo,.-0pZ>MOP><7Q,��ZÀ � § � � ��><,��ZÀ � 0 � � �#1.;Z7Q,#][/?,.AB2M1�3�-?_`2<AB><OPOP><7Q,ME� 5Z7[1�/05fN6AK5s,B-0�Q+6>#/g5�AB2M1.-g1 ,K587[J<>��K9&>M1*,XmZAK587[36>Y5s]97�3�>�c[-?>M7d-g1*;=/?>MA�/ H 58/0-?OP>M7=,K5s,B-?;=73�+j1.-0mZ7[5Z/#Rº76;Z+91fJKL[;Z-g1*-0A.;=7[1   ��L M�DFEbk�5�ps5Z/?>M+6A&>@1 ,�c6-0><7v1*+[N92MA.-0><+6AB>Pa�/g5�AB2M1.-g1 ,K587[J<>3�>�JM587[5Z/Y���`EXk�5�J<;Z7Q,.AB-0c6+�,.-0;Z7 5Z+ c6A.+[-C,P1*>MAB5�3�;=7[JxN6/0+[1t-?OPNn;ZA.,B587Q,B>ZE G >M1dJ<58/gJF+[/01avN[58A.,.-0Ax3�+ O�;�3!0M/?>�3�>�u�;ZA.,.;Z7 3�+ JF-0ABJ<+6-?,\2M�Q+6-0p�5Z/?>M7Q,P7[;Z+[1�Nn><ABO�><,*,B><7Q,�3�>�3�-0A.>�Q+6>�/ H -07��[+6>M7[JF>jN6AB-?7[J<-?N958/0>�3�>�/g5 AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>��K9 1*>�AB>M1B1.><7Q,FC +[1B�=+ H a /05��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>� 9��   � ¡�� � 9��K9�a�N[58A.,.-0A�3�>P/05=�Q+6></0/?>P1.;Z7vc6A.+[-C,�>M1*,e][/?,.AB2�><,4/?>@1�3�><+6|�A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>M1JF;=7=,BA.-0c6+6>M7Q,t1*>M7[1*-0c6/0><OP><7Q,da�/05�OYXMO�>�L[58+�,B><+6A@E G ><+6AK14J<;Z7Q,.AB-?c[+�,.-0;Z7[1t1*;=7=,4>M7[JF;=A.>365�ps587Q,B5ZmZ>&][/?,.AB2<>M1�5Z+�36></ga�36>�/05d�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF> � � �   � ¡�� � � � � Eu�;Z+91�5�pZ;=7[1�>M7 µ ¾

� 4 � � �I� � 9 � � �*�ZÀ � 0 � � � ® � � � � �*�ZÀ � 0 R·y6E y6T@D5�pZ>MJ �d��� � �Y>F, � 96� � �I/0>M1#3�>M+�|x�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z791�36>&,BAB5Z7[1*�W><A.,Y><7 µ 3�>M1�c6AB+6-?,B1#mZ2M762<AB2M1N[58A�� 9 ><,�� � E /0/0>�p�5Z/?>M7Q,� 9[� � �I�  �

�0 ®

������� ¨ 0 � G ��¦Z§ ����� ¨�§ � R·y6E y=zZD�d��� � �I��� 9 ��¦Z§ G�� 6� �� § ( ¢ �� 6� �� 0 (� 9 ®

��¦Z§ G�� 6� �� § ( ®�� 6� �� 0 ( R·y6E yZy=D

>F, �=À 6�0 � � ��� 0 L��� 9 � � R·y6E y � D

�=À 6� § � � �I� 0�L��� � � � R·y6E y � D

� =Q������������!��� =:� ��� � � � "����� ���( ;=+6A�JF;=O�N[A.>M7[3�AB>4/ H -0O�N95ZJo,�3�+jc6A.+[-C,�3�>M1eJM587[5Z+�|w36>M1&,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZAK1<q976;Z+[1f58/0/0;Z7[1/ H 2F,B+[3�-0><A�5Z+�1.><-07w3�>�/05PJ<></0/?+6/0>�-07[3�2<Nn><793658OPOP><7Q,�3�>�/ H 2<,B5ZmZ>e3�>�N9;=/05ZA.-g1B5s,.-0;Z7�EN "�������Y���S� �S� ��� �������� =Q�U� !������ ¾[k}+6A�/0>�76;}><+93 ��q6/?>ec6AB+6-?,�><7l,.>M7[1*-0;Z7ps58+�,4¾

� 4 � � �I�'�ZÀ � § � � � � �  ® �}¡ � ���[��� �i&A�/05�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>����lmZ2M7 0<AB>e/?>ec6AB+6-?,�><7�JF;=+6AK587Q,#1.+6-0ps587Q,�¾

�=À � § � � �I� � 0�L����� � �u�;Z+91�><7w3�2M36+6-01.;Z791#/05x3�>M7[1.-C,B2e1.Nn>MJo,BAB5Z/?>e>M7l,B><7[1.-0;Z7v¾

� 64 � � �Y� 0�L��� � �������

  ® �}¡ � � � � � � ����6� � R·y6E y � D

Page 88: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6� �[���b%�#������ $�Y) ��Y�������bY) U �( ;Z+6Af+67�1.-0mZ7[5Z/!3�-?_n2MA.>M7Q,.-0></ q9-0/��º58+�,eJF;Z791*-g3�2<AB><A&/?>@1�N6+[-01B1.5Z7[JF>@1&36>tc6AB+6-?,f3�;=+6c6/0>R ¡ �=À 6= � � �.DoE G 5436><7[1.-C,B2&1.N9>@Jo,BAB5Z/?>�36>�c6AB+6-?,�3�>fN6L[5=1*>&��� � �X><,Y/0>�c6AB+6-?,��WAB2M�Q+6>M7=,B-?>M/9>M7,B><7[1.-?;=7 � 4 � � �#1*;=7Q,�5Z-?791*-rAB></0-?2@1#N[58A�¾

��� � �I� ¡ � ¡���� �/��/ , �W�½�s���6 � 64 � � � Rºy6E y � D

u�;=+[1\1.+6N6Nn;=1.;Z7[1P/0>M1x,.AK587[1BJF;=7[3�+[JF,B5879JF>M1P3�>@1P,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZAK1Pc6-0N9;=/05Z-?AB>M1x1.+��\1.5ZO�^OP><7Q,b-0OPN9;=A*,K587Q,.>@1rN9;=+6A�5�p=;Z-0A`36>M1r2@JKL6></0;Z7[1r36>�JF;=+6AB5Z7Q,r5Z+e76-?p=>M5Z+e36+&]9/C,BA.>�R·��� � ���9DoE� �½�f�'¿WÀI� ¡ � ���9���l/g5PN9>M7=,B>Zq[362M3�+6-?,.>436>f/ H 2M�Q+[5s,B-?;=7�y[E zZ¹�p�5Z+�,�¾� ��=� �º�½�@��� �o�¡ � � Rºy6E yZUQD

k};=-C, � , /g5�N6+6-g1.1B587[J<>e><7��v58,*,�JF;=7[1.;ZOPOP2<>eN[58A�/g5PJF>M/?/0+6/0>ZE /0/0>�p�5Z+�,�¾� , ��� 6� � � Rºy6E y � D>F,�»�/0>�A.><,B58AK3�J<A.2M>eN[58A�J<></0/?><^~J<-X¾

»������9���[¿ºÀI� ¡ � Rºy6E � ¹QD� >M1d2M�Q+[5s,B-?;=7[1�y6E y � q�y6E yZU[q!y6E y � q!y[E y � q�y[E � ¹6q�/g5�36><7[1.-C,B2�1.Nn>MJo,BAB5Z/?>l3�>�c6AB+6-?,P36>N6L95Z1.>&3 H +676>eJF>M/?/0+6/0>&Nn;Z+6A�3�>@1Y�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>M1 �� � ��1 H >F|�N6AB-?OP>f3�>&/g5t�º5 )F;=7�1.+6-?ps5Z7=,B>d¾��� � �I� ¡ L��

� ,� � �� , ¿WÀI� ¡ � © 6 � � Rºy6E � T�D

G >�c6AB+6-?,X36>YN6L95Z1.>�1 H 5ZOP2</0-?;=A.>�3�> ���� /0;ZAK1.�Q+6>Y/ H ;Z7P3�;Z+[c6/?>�/g5�N6+[-01B1.5Z7[JF>�JF;=7[1*;=O�^OP2<>\Rº>F,&36;Z7[J�/0>4JF;=+6AK587Q,�JF;=7[1*;=OPO�2�DoE[u�;Z+[1�A.><,.AB;Z+6p=;Z7[1#58+91.1.-b/0>��º58-?,&�Q+6>�Nn;Z+6A&+671.-?m=7[58/r3�>f�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF> � ��3�;Z7[762<>=q�N6/?+91#/?>e76;=Otc6AB>f36>eJ<></0/?+[/?> � , >M1*,#-0OPN9;=A*,K587Q,Mq�N[/?+[1/0>PA.><,B58AK3�alAB2M58/0-g1*>MA&N[5ZA�+676>xJF>M/?/0+6/0>P>M1*,f�º5Z-?c[/?>P>F,43�;=7[J�N6/0+[1e/?>Pc6AB+6-?,458N6Nn;ZA.,.2PN[5ZA+67[>e36-?OP-07Q+[>ZEN "����� �Y� � R ������ ����� ��� ���� �K9� >�Ox5Z76-W0MA.>�587[5Z/?;=mZ+6>�a�/ H 2M�Q+[5s,B-?;=7�y6E � T=q97[;Z+[1fOP;Z7Q,.AB;Z791<qn76>PJF;Z791*-g3�2<AK587Q,e�=+[>/ H 2<,B5ZmZ>�3�>�N9;=/05ZA.-g1.58,.-0;Z7bq@�Q+6>I/g5�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>I�K9�J<A.2M>�365Z7[1�+[76>Y1*,.AB+[Jo,B+6AB>�3�-?_n2MA.>M7=,B-?>M/?/0>Zq/g5P3�><7[1.-?,.241.N9>@Jo,.AK58/0>e3�>�c6AB+6-C,4¾

��� � �I� ¡ L����K9 � 0 �� , ¿WÀI� ¡ �  

°n±o´ 9© 6 � �

u�;=+[1eAB>F,.AB;Z+[pZ;Z791�/0;ZmZ-g�Q+6><OP>M7=,4365Z7[1eJF><,*,.>��W;=A.Od+6/?>P/0>��º58-?,��Q+ H -0/X>M1*,eN[A.2<�W2<AK58c6/0>3�>�JKL6;Z-g1.-?Ad+676>l5ZOPN6/?-?,.+93�>l3�>w1.-?m=7[58/YmZAK587[3�>�N9;=+6A��Q+6>l/?>lc6AB+6-C,@q!AB></g5s,B-?p=><OP><7Q,d5Z+1.-?m=7[58/ q61.;Z-?,�O�;=-?791�-?OPNn;ZA.,B5Z7=,@E[u�;=+[1�JKL6;=-01.-0A.;=7[1�2<m=5Z/?>MOP><7Q,�/05Pps5Z/?>M+6A�/05PN[/?+[1��º58-0c6/0>5=J<JF>MN�,B5Zc6/0>f3�>�/g5�A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>�� 9�E

Page 89: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

UZU ������������� ������������������������������� �!����"#%$&'$�(��!���*)� =Q��� ������ =:�

�AK5 )<;Z7[1�Ox58-07Q,.><79587Q,�/0>M1�p}AK58-g1!7[-?p=>M58+6|�36>M1X3�>M7[1*-?,.2@1X1*Nn>MJF,.AK58/0>M1�af/05f1*;=A*,B-?>#3 H +676>JF>M/?/0+6/0>�R·3 H +[76>d/0-0mZ76>�a\AB>F,B5ZAB3�3�> � , � �\J<></0/?+6/0>M1KD�1B58791�/ H -07��[+[><7[J<>�3�+jc6AB+6-C,�3�>�/05A.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>ZE G 5�]9mZ+6AB>xy6E¸z � O�;=7Q,.AB>�/0>M1ec[A.+6-?,B1t3�+[1�a��K9l>F,t����Rº2M�nE�y6E y6T�Doq`/0>xc6A.+[-C,,.;Z,B58/��Q+6-#>M1*,P/05v1*;=OPO�>�3�>M1PJ<;Z7Q,.AB-?c[+�,.-0;Z7[1P3�>wJF>@1P3�><+�| c[A.+6-?,B1Pa�/05v1*;=A*,B-?>�3�>w/05�Q+[5s,BA.- 0<OP>4JF>M/?/0+6/0>d365Z7[1�3�>M+�|�1*-?,.+[58,.-0;Z7[1t¾95�p=>MJe>F,e1.5Z7[1�/g5\JF;=A.AB>MJF,.-0;Z7w3�>4/g5xcn;Z+[J</?>RW2@�9E`y6E0T � DoE G >�JF-0ABJ<+6-C,e>M1*,f5Z/?-0OP><7Q,.2dN[58Af+67vJF;Z+[AB5Z7=,f�o�d�   / �   � ¤ � µ E G >M1f1*-0mZ7[5Z+�|3�>��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF> � ��� ¡ � > ����;Z7Q,�Nn;Z+6A�5ZOPN6/?-?,.+93�> ° ±o´ 9d� � /   � ° E G >M1&J<5Z/0J<+6/01�1*;=7=,�º58-?,B1�5�p=>MJf/?>@1#ps58/0><+6AK1�1*+[-?ps587Q,B>M1e¾� 9t�   ��L Mfq6� 94� �   � ¤ � 6 � �Pq[����� 0   � ¤ � 6 ���Pq

104

105

106

107

108

−175

−170

−165

−160

−155

−150

−145

−140

−135

−130

−125

Fréquences en Hertz

Pui

ssan

ce z

n dB

c

Bruit de phase

du à Rpdu à R

βtotal sans correctiontotal avec correction

�#�W��� y6E¸z � � � A.+[-C,�3�>�/g5PJF></0/0+6/?> �{Y>F,*,B>I][m=+6AB>XO�;=7Q,.AB>Ic6-0><7�/g5�JF;=A.AB>MJF,.-0;Z7�3�+�c6AB+6-?,!�Q+6>I/ H ;=7�N9>M+�,�58,*,.>M7[3�AB>�3 H +67�,B></1 J�1*,>0MO�>=E G >ec6AB+6-?,�JM58/gJF+6/02�1.5Z7[1#/g5�J<;ZABA.>@Jo,B-?;=7�3�>e/05�cn;Z+[J</?>4J<;ZABA.>@1*Nn;Z793\aPJF></0+6-b�Q+6>/ H ;Z7x5Z+6AB5Z-C,X;=c�,.>M7Q+xaeN[5ZA*,B-?AI36+xO�;�3!0M/?>�36>�S zZy�V EQ� /05�1.;ZA.,.-0>�3�>�/g5��Q+[5s,BA.- 0<OP>�JF>M/?/0+6/0>Zq/?>ec6AB+6-?,�>@1 ,�>M7��º5Z-C,�JF;=A.AB-0mZ2&36>&N6A*0M1#3�> 0 ��� 1.+6A#/05dc[58793�>�3�>ec9;=+[JF/0>�RºA.2@1*+[/C,K5s,B1#�Q+6>76;Z+91&AB>F,BA.;=+6pZ>MA.;=7[1�365Z7[1f/ H >F|�Nn2<AB-?OP>M7=,K5s,B-?;=7j3�2@JFAB-C,B>�365Z7[1f/?>PJKL[5ZN6-C,BA.><0QDFE G >�c6A.+[-C,3�2MJ<A.; $0,fN[58Ae/g5l1.+6-?,.>P3�>   ����� / � £�� ¤ � a�N[5ZA*,B-?Ae3�>P/g5\�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF> � 9��   � ¡�� �K98� 9l�

*> � ��>F,�3�> ¡ ����� 5Z+w36></ga�36> � �\�   � ¡�� ���������   *> ���9EGIH -?7��9+6><7[J<>Y3�>Y/05�c9;=+[JF/0>Y1.>IAB2<Nn><AKJF+�,B>�3�-?_n2MA.>MO�OP>M7=,�1*+[-?ps587Q,�/?>@1�JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1ME G 5�JF;=A*^A.>@Jo,B-?;=7x>M1*,YNn><+�-0OPN9;=A*,K587Q,.>&a4/g541*;=A*,B-?>&3�>&/g5�N6AB><OP- 0<AB>�JF>M/?/0+6/0>dRW][m[E}y6E¸z � DoqZOP;�J=><7676>a�/05P1.;ZA.,.-0>e36>�/05P�Q+[5s,BA.- 0<OP>e>F,��W;=A*,B>�ad/g5P1*;=A*,B-?>�3�>e/g5x3�><AB76- 0<AB>fJ<></0/?+[/?>\Rº/05 � 1 � £ DoEG 5 ]9mZ+6AB>�y6E¸z � N6A.2@1*>M7Q,.>�/0>M1�JF;=A.AB>MJF,.-0;Z7[1\36+6>M1�a /g5 cn;Z+[J</?>va / H >M7[1.><Otc[/?>�36>M11*;=A*,B-?>@1t3�>@1dJ<></0/?+[/?>@1<EI{Y>F,.,.>wJF;ZABAB>MJo,B-?;=7 1 H 5ZJMJFAB;�$g,da�OP>@1*+6AB>��Q+6>�/ H ;Z7�1*>lAB5ZN6N6AB;}JKL[>3�>t/g5�1.;ZA.,.-0>t3�>d/05�/?-0mZ7[>ta\AB>F,K58AK3w>F,�]976-!N958A XF,.AB>�,B;8,B5Z/?>�a\/g5\1.;ZA.,.-0>t3�>�/05\36><AB76-W0MA.>JF>M/?/0+6/0>ZE

Page 90: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6���}��������� �<����� �<��� U �

104

105

106

107

108

−165

−160

−155

−150

−145

−140

−135

−130

−125

Fréquences en Hertz

Pui

ssan

ce z

n dB

c

Bruit de phase

Cellule 1Cellule 4Cellule 7

�#�W��� y[E z � � � AB+6-C,�36>�/05PJF>M/?/0+6/0> �� �������� ����!����=Q� ���S"�������Y�� � "�=Q���

G 5d3�2F,B><ABOP-?7[58,.-0;Z7�,.L62M;ZAB-0�Q+6>f3�>&/g54m=-?m=+6>&�Q+6-`>@1 ,#+676>f+676-?,.2e3�>fO�>@1*+[A.>&A.2@1*>MA.p=2<>5Z+jOP;Z793�>P7Q+[O�2MA.-g�Q+6>�>M1*,4N6/?+91�3�-C�\J<-?/0>ZE�{Y>MN9>M7[365Z7=,@qr+67�AB5ZN6-g3�>�JM58/gJF+6/XNn><+6,476;Z+[1-07[3�-g�Q+6><A�365Z7[1e+67v;ZAK3�A.>�3�>PmZAK587[36><+6A�JF;=L62<AB><7Q,e/05�JF;=7Q,.AB-?c6+6,.-0;Z7j36>�/g5wJF>M/?/0+6/0>Pal/g5m=-?m=+6>�,B;8,K58/0>fOP>@1*+6AB2<>=Eu�;=+[1�AK58N[N9>M/?;=7[1��Q+6>4/g5\m=-?m=+6>�»�3 H +676>dJF></0/0+6/?>d>M1*,&AB></0-?2M>tax/g5\3�>M7[1*-?,.2�1*Nn>MJF,.AK58/0>3�>ec6AB+6-?,&��� � ��aP/g5P1*;=A*,B-?>�3�>e/g5�J<></0/?+[/?>�N[5ZA�/05�AB></g5s,B-?;=7j¾» 6 � � � �¡�� © 6�� G��

¤ � ��� � � � �G >M+6AYJM58/gJF+6/`a�N[5ZA*,B-?A�3�>M1�1.-?Od+6/058,.-0;Z7[1�c[5Z1.2<>@1�1.+6A�/ H 2M�Q+[5s,B-?;=7�y6E0T � OP;=7=,BA.>&�=+[>�/g5m=-?m=+6>4J<5Z+[1*2M>4N[5ZA�/?>@1&J<></0/?+[/?>=q93�>d/05xN[A.>MO�- 0<AB>tax/g5\3�>MA.7[-W0MA.>=q6ps5�3�> � / 0 � �da   0 � � � �=ERºpZ;Z-0AP][m9E�y6E¸z � DoE G 5 J<;Z7[1.-g3�2<AK5s,B-?;=7�3�+%c6AB+6-?,�58N6Nn;ZA.,.2�N958Ax/ H L6;=A./0;Zm=>�3�>�A.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>AK5�C ;=+�,.>l+67�c[A.+6-?,\3�>���/� � ���76;=+[1�76;Z+[1P1.;ZOPOP>M1Pc[5=1*2@1d1.+6Ax/0>M1�Nn><A.�W;ZABOP5Z7[JF>@1P3�+m=2<762MAB58,.><+[A�3�>41.-0mZ7[5Z+�|�+�,B-?/0-01.2e/?;=AB1�36>�/ H >F|�Nn2<AB-?OP><7Q,K5s,.-0;Z7�RWp=;Z-0A�JKL[58N6-?,.AB> 0QDFE

��� �� � � � ��� � �������� ����" � 0�� � � � � � �� ��� � � � # ���

u�;=+[1�N[5ZA*,B;Z7[1�36>�/05x3!J}7[5ZOP-0�Q+6>43�>tA.><,B58AK3��=+[>�/05P/0-?m=76>43�;=-C,�AB2M5Z/?-g1*>MAME 7w�W;=7[Jo^,B-?;=7�3�+P76;=Otc6AB>�3�>�JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1X�Q+6>�76;=+[1�76;=+[1I1.;ZOPOP>M1�]6|�2<>@1<qs7[;Z+[1�;=c�,.>M76;Z7[1�/g5�3!J}7[58^OP-g�=+[>&,B><OPNn;ZAB></0/?>eN[5ZA�JF></0/0+6/?>=E[�!pZ;Z-0A#+676>emZAK58793�>�3!J}7[58OP-g�=+[>&,B><OPNn;ZAB></0/?>e;ZN6,.-0O�-g1.>76;Q1&JKL9587[J<>M1�36>t�º5Z-?AB>d5=J<JFAB;�JKL6><A�/05lc9;=+[JF/0>ZE`u�;=+[1eJKL6;Z-g1.-01B1*;=7[1�+67[>�3!J}7[5ZOP-0�Q+6>�58+�|

Page 91: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ¹ ������������� ������������������������������� �!����"#%$&'$�(��!���*)

104

105

106

107

108

−20

−18

−16

−14

−12

−10

−8

−6

−4

−2

0

Fréquences en Hertz

Pui

ssan

ce z

n dB

c

Bruit de phase

cellule 1cellule 2cellule 3cellule 4cellule 5cellule 6cellule 7

�#�W�Y� y6E¸z � �l{Y;=A.AB>MJF,.-0;Z7�3�+6>4a�/05�cn;Z+[J</?>=q[58+6|l1*;=A*,B-?>@1�3�>M1�J<></0/?+[/?>@158/0><7Q,.;=+6AK1�3 H +67[>�3�><OP-?^ Nn2<AB-0;}36> R·Ád» � ¡   � ��N9;=+6A � � � ¡ �*> � �QDFE ( /?+[1�����>@1 ,mZAK587[36>ZqsN6/0+[1I/g5�3!J}7[5ZO�-g�Q+6>�/ H >@1 ,�2Mm=5Z/?>MO�>M7Q,MEZu�;Z+[1IJKL[;Z-g1*-g1.1.;Z791�36;Z7[J#+67[>�ps58/0><+6A�J<;8^L62<AB><7Q,B>#5�p=>MJ�/05e3�>M7[1 ,B2�3�>�J<5ZN[5ZJ<-C,B2#�Q+6>#76;=+[1�;8_`AB>Y/0>�N6AB;}J<2M3�2Y,.>@JKL676;=/?;=mZ-g�=+[>Y+�,B-?/0-g1*2R·������0 ���4DoE`u�;=+[1�>M7j3�2@3�+6-g1*;=7[1&/05l3!J}7[58OPOP-0�Q+6>�3�>d���j�Q+6>d/ H ;Z7�36;Z-?,e58,*,.>M-?793�A.>RW2@�9E6y[E � ¹=DFE ( ;=+6A�OP-?76-0OP-01.><A�/ H -?OPNn;ZA.,B5879JF>e3�+wc6A.+[-C,@q�-?/`�º5Z+�,�Ox5s|�-?OP-g1*>MA#/ H 58OPN6/0-C,B+[3�>3�+t1.-?m=7[58/ E<u�;8,.AB>IN6AB;�JF2@3�2X,.>@JKL676;=/?;=mZ-g�=+[>X76;Z+[1�N9>MA.OP><,!3 H 58/0-?OP><7Q,B><A�7[;=1�J<-?AKJF+[-C,K1�1.;Z+[1°9±o²C³?´ � ¡ / � ° 1s¿W� �=Esu�;=+[1�JKL6;Z-g1.-?AB;Z7[1!+676>�,B><7[1.-?;=7 ° %+& ( � ¡ / �� ° 1s¿º� ��N9>MA.OP><,*,B5Z7Q,X5Z+�|,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZAK1I3�>&�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7676>MAYJ<;ZABA.>@Jo,.>MOP><7Q,ME GIH 58OPN6/0-C,B+[3�>e3�>&J<;Z+6AK587Q, 1 / 1*>f3�2M36+6-C,�3�>/ H 2M�Q+[58,.-0;Z7wy6E¸z���E?E0E�� N6A.2@1*>M7Q,Mq�2F,B+[3�-0;Z7[1�/05PJF;=7[JF>MN�,.-0;Z7w3�+�,.AK58791.J<;Z7[3�+9Jo,.>M+6A@EG >�JKL6;=-C|P3�>M1�ps58/0><+6AK1X3�>�� ��>F,�� 6 >M1*,X�º58-?,�A.>@1*Nn>MJF,.-0pZ>MO�>M7Q,Mq8>M7P�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7\3�+\J<;Z+�^AB5Z7Q, 1 OP-?7[-?Od+6O ><,�Ox5s|�-0Ot+6O ,.AK5�pZ><AK1B587Q,�/0>e,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZA����3�+wO�-0AB;Z-0A�3�>tJ<;Z+6AK587Q,MEG >�JKL6;Z-?|w36>�� � ><,e� � 1.>4�W>MAB5l3�;Z7[Jt><7��W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7�3�>d/ H 58OPN6/0-C,B+[3�>P�Q+6>t/ H ;=7�5�JKL[;Z-g1*-N9;=+6A#/?>�J<;Z+6AK587Q, 1 N9;=+6A�5s,.,.><-07[3�AB>e/ H 58OPN6/0-?,.+[3�>�3�>eps58AB-g5s,.-0;Z7�3�>�� / 3�2<,.>MA.OP-0762<>eN6AB2F^JF2@3�><OPOP><7Q,ME GIH ><791*>MOtc6/0>d3�>@1�ps58/0><+[AB1fJKL6;Z-g1.-?>@1�3�>M1fJF;=OPN9;Q1.5Z7=,K1�>@1 ,fAB5=1.1.><Odc6/?24a�/05][7�3�+�JKL[58N[-C,BA.>=E� �!��� �3�������������I� � ��� ��� ������ �

G 5�cn;Z+[J</?>�Nn><+�,�5Z1B1*>MA.p}-0AP36>M1\1.-?m=7[58+6|�3�;Z7Q,\/0>M1P�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1PpZ;=7=,\3�>   � > � �a 0=�*> � ��Nn;Z+6A�+[76>�,.><791*-0;Z7�3 H 58/0-?OP><7Q,K5s,.-0;Z7�3�> ¡ /� ° E 7�A.2MmZ-0O�>PNn><ABOx5876>M7=,@qr/05JF;=7[1*;=OPOP58,.-0;Z7�,.;8,K58/0>�1*>�AB2<N[5ZA*,B-C,�3�>�/g5d�º5 )F;=7�1.+6-0ps587Q,.>x¾G 5eps58/0-03[5s,.-0;Z7P3�>@1X>F|�N6AB>M1B1*-0;Z791�36>�c6AB+6-C,�36>�N6L[5Z1.>#>F,Y36>�/05fmZ-0mZ+[>�pQ-0><793�A.;=7Q,X3[587[1/?>4JKL958N6-?,.AB>41*+[-?ps587Q,@E _`>MJo,B-?p=><OP><7Q,@q[-0/�2F,K58-?,�3�-?�xJ<-?/0>t3�>�OP>@1*+6AB><A&JF>M1�N9>MA*�W;=A.Ox5879JF>M13�-0A.>@Jo,.>MOP><7Q,dJ<5ZAt58+9JF+676>l1*;=A*,B-?>xN6L J�1.-0�Q+6>x7 H 2F,K58-?,tN6AB2<p}+6>�Rº76;Z+9142F,B-?;=7[1�/0-?OP-?,.2lN[58A/?>w76;=Otc6AB>�3�>\� N95s,*,B>M1 �w3�>w76;Z,.AB>�JF;ZOPNn;=1B587Q,KDFE G 5jps58/0-03658,.-0;Z7 1*>��W>MAB5v762@5876OP;Z-07[1N[58A�>F|},BAB5ZN9;=/058,.-0;Z7\>M7�5Z7[58/ J�1.5Z7=,�/?>@1�N9>MA*�W;=A.Ox5879JF>M1Y><7lc6AB+6-C,�3 H 58+6,.AB>M1��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7[1#�Q+6-

Page 92: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6���}��������� �<����� �<��� � T

1 2 3 4 5 6 76

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Cellules

Gig

ue e

n ps

Gigue aux sorties des cellules

Gigue due aux cellules seulesGigue avec le bruit de l’horloge

�#�W�Y� y[E z �f� G 5�mZ-0mZ+6>e58+�|�1*;=A*,B-?>@1�3�>M1�J<></0/?+6/0>M1{Y;=7[1*;=OPOP58,.-0;Z7�&G �� µ{ ( �� µ

!;8,B5Z/ ��� µ������� y6E0T�� G 5PJF;Z791*;=O�Ox58,.-0;Z7�><7wJF;Z+[AB5Z7=,�3�>e/g5 �&G!G R � �f� ¡ � > ���QD

3�2MN9>M7[3�>M7=,�36>eJ<></0/?>@1�3�>e/g5Pc9;=+[JF/0>�adp=><ABA.;=+6-0/?/g58m=>&3�>43�2M/05Z-01MEN �� � " � � � � �;�I������������=Q�� >M1�3�;=76762<>@1�N6A.2@JF2@3�><7Q,.>@1<q}76;=+[1�><7�3�2M3�+[-01.;Z7[1#�Q+6>e/g54�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>e3�>�JF;=+6N6+6AB>f36>/g5�cn;Z+[J</?>Ips5Z+�, � , � ���8��L ���[E �dH ;��4/0>X,.>MOPN[1!3 H 5=J<�Q+6-g1*-?,.-0;Z743�;=-C,!p�5Z/?;=-?A!� ± ,� �   / ¡ 7��=EG 5�1.-0Ot+6/g5s,B-?;=7 RW][m[E!y6E¸z8U=Df3�;=7676>x� ± ,� �   / 0�7��wE�u�;Z+[14N9;=+6pZ;=7[1�3�;Z79Jx3�-?AB>\�Q+6>x/0>OP;�3!0</0>�3�>�/g5dp}-?,.>@1.1.>�3 H 5=J<�Q+6-g1*-?,.-0;Z7w3�>�/g5�c9;=+[JF/0>e>M1*,�5ZJ<J<><N�,K58c6/0>ZE��� ����- � � � �� ��� �

u�;=+[1�5�p=;Z7[1IN[58AB/?2�N[A.2@JF2M36><OPOP><7Q,Y3�>�/ H -?7��9+6><7[J<>&1.-?m=76-?]9J<58,.-0pZ>�3�+\c[A.+6-?,Y1*,B58,.-g�=+[>>M76mZ>M7[3�AB2dN[5ZA�/?>@1eps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1f3�>xN6AB;�JF2M362M1MEb{Y>MN9>M7[365Z7=,4/0>M1eps5ZA.-g5s,B-?;=7[1&36>xN6A.;�J<2M3�2@12MpZ;Z/0+6>M7=,�3[587[1Y/ H >M1.N[5=JF>Zq9Rº3�;=N[58m=>�76;Z7x+[76-C�W;=A.OP>f36587[1�/ H >M1.N[5=JF>ZE0E0E DFEQk}+6A�+676>fJF>MA*,K58-076>1.+6A.�º5ZJF>#76;=+[1�Nn;Z+6p=;Z7[1XJ<;Z7[1.-0362<AB><AX�Q+6>�/?>@1Xps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1�1.;Z7Q,X�º58-0c6/0>M1ME8u�;=+[1I5�pZ;=7[1�3�;Z79J-07Q,.2<A*XF,�a\AB5ZN6N6AB;}JKL[><A�58+wOx5s|�-0Ot+6O�/0>M1�2M/?2MOP><7Q,B1��Q+6-�3�;=-?p=><7Q,KXF,BA.>�-g3�><7Q,B-0�Q+6>@1�>F,faN6AB2M1.><ABpZ>MAY/0><+[A�;ZAB-?>M7=,K5s,B-?;=7bEk};=7=,�JF;=7[JF>MA.7[2M1�>M7�N[5ZA*,B-0J<+6/0-?>MA&/0>M1�,.AK587[1.-g1 ,B;ZAK1�hjiek�3�>M1fJF>M/?/0+6/0>M1e3�>�A.><,B58AK3 RºJF�Ox5Z1B�Q+6>P3�+vJ<-?AKJF+[-C,458+�JKL[5ZN6-C,BA.> � DFE G >@1�1*;=+6ABJ<>M1f3�>xJF;=+6AB5Z7Q,e3�>@1�JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1ea�A.><,B58AK3

Page 93: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� z ������������� ������������������������������� �!����"#%$&'$�(��!���*)

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 30

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

Temps en µs

Ten

sion

Vc

tacq

mesuré �#�W�Y� y6E¸z8U4� �>MO�N91�3�>4JF;=7}pZ><ABmZ>M7[JF>f3�>e/05�,B><7[1.-0;Z7w3�>4JF;=7=,BA>)=/?>3�;Z-0pZ>M7Q,�5Z+[1B1*-`�W;=+6A.7[-?A�/0>�OYX<OP>4JF;=+6AB5Z7Q,ME9{ H >M1*,#Nn;Z+[AB�Q+6;=-·q�>M/?/0>M1�1.><AB;Z7Q,�58+91.1.-b3�-g1*Nn;8^1*2M>M1�J )8,.>�aPJ')Z,.>=Eu�>w,.AK5�ps58-0/?/g587Q,PN[5Z1xa�3�>@1��WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>M1�2</0><p=2<>@1<qX/0>M1P/0;Z76m=+6><+[AB1P3�>@1xJF;Z7[76>MJF,.-0;Z7[11*;=7Q,YOP;Z-07[1�p}-C,K58/0>M1�36587[1�/0>M1#1*,.AB+[Jo,B+6A.>@1Y1>J}OP2F,.AB-g�=+[>M1ME�{Y>M/05tN9>MA.OP>F,�+67[>fJ<;Z7[J<><N�,B-?;=7N6/0+[1�58-g1.2<>f>F,�N6/0+[1�AK58N6-g3�>�3�+wOx5Z1B�Q+6>f36+wJ<-?AKJF+[-C,@E���� � ������� �!� � � �

{Y>fJKL[5ZN6-?,.AB>f5�ps58-?,YNn;Z+[AY;=c!C >MJF,.-?��3�>fN6AB2M1.><7Q,.>MA�/0>M1�N6AB-?7[J<-?Nn>M1#3�>&�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7[76><OP><7Q,3�>#/05fcn;Z+[J</?>�afpZ>MA.AB;Z+[-?/0/05ZmZ>�36>�N[L[5Z1.>ZE8� N[5ZA*,B-?AX3�+P1>JQ7[;ZN�,B-0�Q+6>�365Z7[1�/?>�3�;=Ox58-076>�36>M1N6L[5=1*>@1<q�76;=+[1�5�pZ;=7[1Y>F|�N6/0-0J<-C,B2�/?>4J<;ZOPN9;=A*,B><OP><7Q,�3�>e/g5dcn;Z+9JF/0>�>F,�1.;Z7w5ZJo,B-?;=7l1.+6A�/0>M13�-?_n2MA.>M7=,K1�c6A.+[-C,K1�3�+lJ<-?AKJF+6-?,ME6u�;Z+[1#5�p=;Z7[1YN6AB;ZNn;=1.2�+676>e2<,.+[3�>&,.L[2<;ZAB-g�=+[>f3�>e/ H 5=Jo,B-?;=73�>�/g5�cn;Z+[J</?>�1*+[Ad/0>�c6AB+6-?,�3�>@1dJ<></0/?+[/?>@1t�Q+6>lJ<>l1.;Z-?,d365Z7[1t/0>l36;ZOx58-076>�1.N9>@Jo,BAB5Z/Y;=+,.>MO�Nn;ZAB></ E G >M1IN[A.>MO�-0><AK1�AB2M1.+6/C,K5s,K1X-01B1.+[1�3�>@1XOP>M1.+6AB>M1XAB2M5Z/?-g1*2M>M1X1.+6A�J<-?AKJF+6-?,�OP;Z7Q,BA.>M7=,+676>�L6;ZOP;=mZ2<7[2<-?,.2t>M7Q,.AB>tNn><A.�W;ZABOP5Z7[JF>@1�><,&,BL62<;=A.-0>ZEb{Y;ZOPOP>d7[;Z+[1&/?>�AB><pZ>MA.;=7[1�3[587[1/?>e�Q+[5s,BA.- 0<OP>fJKL[58N6-?,.AB>ZqQ76;=+[1�OP;=7=,BA.;=7[1�JF/g58-0A.>MO�>M7Q,Y/ H ><_n><,�36>&/g54cn;Z+[J</?>e1.+6AY/0>fc6A.+[-C,3658791�1.5�c[5Z7[3�>eN[5Z1B1B587Q,.>�JF;=7Q,.AK58-0A.>MO�>M7Q,�58+6|\,.AK5�ps58+�|l36>�S¸z8ysV E� � ��� � ��� � � �*� ��� �! �� �!� ����� ���!� �

G >#JF-0ABJ<+6-C,�>M1*,XJF;Z7 )F+tNn;Z+[A!�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7676>MA!-g3�2M5Z/?>MOP><7Q,�a&/g5��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF> � � � ¡ � > � �� =:�� ��� � �� �." ��� ��� �I�� �LP�   / �   � ¤ 6 � / 2 £ ¿ � 1 À ¤ � ¾6/g5�J<;Z7[1*,B5Z7Q,.>�3�> � ;Z/?,.:<Ox5Z7� �   / �   � ¤ ��� � ¾6/g5PJKL[58ABmZ>e3 H +67w2</0>MJo,BA.;=77:94� 0��Z� � �

6 / ° ¤ � / � ¤ � ¾6/g5dOP;=c6-?/0-?,.243�>@1#,.AB;Z+[1#365Z7[1�/0>�1*-0/?-gJF-0+6ON � ���!��� ��������������� �I�� �5�� "���= ������ � � � � � �7 ´#³ 4 ����/ ¡ �.7 � ¾�/g5P/g58ABmZ><+[AYOP-076-?Od+6O 3�>emZAB-?/0/?>° , �'� / �   ° ¾[/05d,.>M7[1.-?;=7w36>e1.><+[-?/�36>M1�,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZAK1#hjiek° � £ �%��/ � � ° /g5d,.><791*-0;Z7w3�>43�-0;�3�>ZE0E?E

Page 94: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�6���}�j�����d������)��<��� � y�<; =t� ¾6/g5�36><7[1.-C,B243�>4J<5ZN[5ZJ<-C,B2f3 H ;�|!J�3�>� ��� �������� �� ���������� �

° ±K²C³0´ � ¡ /� ° ¾[/05d,.>M7[1.-?;=7w3 H 5Z/?-0OP><7Q,B58,.-0;Z7° %+&�( � ¡ / �� ° ¾[/05d,.>M7[1.-?;=7�3�>�AB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>eNn;Z+6A�/g5�N9;=/05ZA.-g1B5s,.-0;Z7�3�>M1�J<></0/?+[/?>@1N ����� � �� � � � = ��� � ��

° , ����/ � � 1s¿º� ��¾}/05t,.>M7[1*-0;Z7l3�>fJ<;Z7Q,.A*)Z/0>&36>&AB><Nn;=1YN9;=+6A�+67l1.-?m=7[58/`ad/054�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>� � �o����=�Z� 7 µ ¾[/0>4JF;=+6AK587Q,�JF;Z791*;=O�OP2eN[5ZA�/05PN[5Z-?AB>43�-?_n2MA.>M7Q,.-0></0/?>4aP/g5d�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>� � N � ��� ������ � =�� !������ �

7 � ¡ �Z� 7 � ¾6/g5�/05ZA.m=><+6A�3�>emZAB-0/?/0>8 �   7 � ¾6/g5�/?;=76mZ+6>M+6A�3�>emZAB-0/?/0>{Y></g5�><7Q,.AK5 $ 76>P¾2 À \� 7:9=� ;>= ?��@

��   � ¤ �N �F��� ��������� ��� �Y���S����� ����� =:�����3������� � � ¡ L M� 6 � �Z�KL M����� �Z�Z� M���&� ¡ �8� MD ´ � ¡   � ¤ � µ / ° ¤ � 58+6,.;Z+[A�3�+wN9;=-?7Q,�3�>f�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7[76><OP><7Q,N� ��� " �������!�� ��� #

D � � �Z� � � ¾�><7wcn;Z+[J</?>�;=+6pZ>MA*,B>ZE0E?E{Y></g5�><7Q,.AK5 $ 76>2 ² � ¡ ����� / ° ¤ � ¾6mQ58-076>�3�>e/05P/0-?m=76>�a�A.><,B58AK3l;Zc�,B><7}+�36>�/ H 2M�Q+[58,.-0;Z7wy6E¸z8U6EN ����� � �� � R��U����!���

°n±o´ 9 ����/   � ° /g5t,B><7[1.-0;Z7wJFA*XF,.>�3�+�1.-?m=7[58/� � � 0 � � ¾6/g5�JM58N[5=JF-?,.2��.3�>eA.><,B58AK3Q�N � ��� ������ � =�� !��������

7��\���Z� 7 � ¾6/g5�/05ZA.m=><+6A�3�>em=A.-0/?/0>8 �\� �<7 � ¾�/05P/0;Z76m=+6><+[A#36>�mZAB-?/0/?>{Y></g5�><7Q,.AK5 $ 76>P¾2 À`�\� 7:9Z�<; = ? §@ §���\��KL M�¾[/05�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>e3�>4J<5Z7[58/b5Z+lAB><Nn;=1�5�p=>MJ&/ H 2M�Q+[58,.-0;Z7wy6E¸zZzN� ����� P: � "�=Q ��!�������!����=Q�� 94� � � � ¾6/05PJM58N[5=JF-?,.2�3�>�3�2MJ<;Z+6N[/05ZmZ>e5ZJ�K94�   �KL M�¾[/05�AB2M1.-01*,B5Z7[JF>e3�>�Nn;Z/g58AB-01B5s,B-?;=7

Page 95: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�8� ������������� ������������������������������� �!����"#%$&'$�(��!���*)

Page 96: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��������� � �

� � �����������������������! "$#

%'&)(+* �$#, ��-#

. � � � � �!�!� � �����u�;=+[145Z/?/0;Z7[1t58cn;ZAK3�><A�365Z7[14JF>lJKL[58N6-?,.AB>P+67 JF-0AKJF+6-?,t3�>\1>JQ7Q,BL 0M1.>\3�>x�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1c[5=1*2#1.+6AI+676>#cn;Z+[J</?>�afp=><ABA.;=+6-?/0/g58mZ>�3�>�3�2</g58-g1�RW2<,.+[36-?2M>�3658791�/?>�JKL[5ZN6-C,BA.>#N6AB2MJ<2M3�>M7Q,KDoEG >4N6AB-?7[J<-?Nn>d36>t/g5\Ot+[/C,B-?N6/0-gJ<5s,B-?;=7�3�>d/05P�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>�3 H +67�1.-?m=7[58/�3�>tAB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>4AB2M1.-g3�>365Z7[1b/g5�J<A.2@5s,.-0;Z7�3 H +67�]9/C,BA.>YA.2@J<JF+[AB1.-C�6a�N958A.,.-0A�3 H +676>�cn;Z+9JF/0>Ya�p=><ABA.;=+6-?/0/g58mZ>X3�>Y3�2</g58-g1<q][/?,.AK587Q,#,.;=+�,.>@1#/?>@1�L[5ZA.OP;Z7[-0�Q+6>@1�1B58+6�!+676>43 H +67�1.-?m=7[58/b36>&�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF> � �=EG 5�][m=+6A.> � E0Tt><|}N[/?-gJF-?,.>�/?>�N6AB-?79JF-0N9>P3 H +676>d,.></0/0>�;=N92MAB58,.-0;Z7�N[5ZAe+676>P1*;=O�Ox58,.-0;Z7/0;Zm=-0�Q+6>=E �AB;Z-g1\1.-?m=7[58+6|�7}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>@1�� � �W�*� � � 6 �W�*� � � �Z�W�*��3�>�Nn2<AB-?;�3�> �n��A.><,B58AK3�2@13�> �`� � lJKL[5=JF+67jN[58AfAK58N6Nn;ZA.,e5Z+�N6AB2MJ<2M3�>M7Q,e1.;Z7Q,�1*;=O�OP2@1&Nn;Z+[Ae36;Z7676>MAe+67v1.-0mZ7[5Z/3 H +676>��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>Py\�W;=-01eN[/?+[1f-0OPN9;=A*,K587Q,.>=Ebu�;Z+91&p=><ABA.;=7[1&N[58Af/05w1.+6-?,.>P/?>@1f2</02<OP><7Q,B13�>f,BL62<;=A.-0>eN9>MA.OP>F,.,B5Z7=,�36>4J<58AK5ZJF,.2MA.-g1*>MAYJ<>�N6A.;�J<>M1B1*+[1ME

Signal non retardé et propre

Sortie du premier délai

Sortie du deuxième délai

Sortie du systèmecorrespondant à la

somme des trois précédents

To

t

� ��� /� 10 �32 ( ,$C/#)*���#),-( 8�( 'I�E�?!$')+D#&,$'&#&� � +D#&:�*F8�(54 C/� �"!$( *��.(6 ( +87�,-( 8�( �.#&C/��!$#0+ ( 13+�!�+/#)'&#I13� 8$�G*�1�8�( *�:��?A�CD( !�5 ��#)C��.!�#0+�1=*�!$�E��C/#&�"!$(@1:9 �<;>=

��:��E�E( ,���C (.5�(��E,$'&( ')(@1��$:�C/'&:�4�(@1 C��G,�#&8�(@1 , :;!$C '&�E1?7�*����$C/:�*$#I1D�G+D#&:�* 8$( 1��E���E:�#&C/( 1

@<A

Page 97: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� � ������������� �6�������%��� � �½��� �<����� �<����$&����(����� �d��h�58-g1�1*>@14N6- 0F,BA.>@1tNn><A.�W;ZABOx587[J<>M14>M7 c6AB+6-?,�3�>lN6L[5Z1.>�/ H ;Z7Q,d2@J<58A.,.2l3�>M1�58N6N[/?-gJ<58,.-0;Z7[1587[5Z/?;=mZ-g�Q+6>M1ME#i&A�-?/�1 H 5�p�0<AB>��Q+6>�1*-e/0>jc6AB+6-?,�3�>jN[L[5Z1.>�>@1 ,wOP;�JZ><7 a 0Q�Z��L ��� ;=+  > ����JF;=O�N958AK5s,.-0pZ>MOP><7Q,la J<></0+6-��Q+6>jNn;Z+[A.AK58-?,�3�;=7676>MAl+67 1 J�1*,>0MO�>�a c95Z1.>j3�>c9;=+[JF/0>ea4pZ>MA.AB;Z+[-?/0/05ZmZ>�3�>&N6L[5=1*>=q}1.;Z7�c6A.+[-C,�3�>�N[L[5Z1.>&a�3�>M1��WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>M1�,.A*0M1YN6AB;�JKL6>M13�>�/g5dNn;ZA.,.>M+[1.>fNn><+6,KXF,.AB>f,.A*0M1�5�ps5Z7=,K58m=><+�|rE}u�;Z+91�58/0/?;=7[1#>F|�N6/0;Z-?,.>MA�JF>F,.,.>4�Q+[5Z/?-?,.2e><7A.2@58/0-01B587Q,#+67w;=1BJF-0/?/g5s,B><+6A#/0;�J<58/b36>e�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>&][|}>eNn;Z+6A�+676>�58N6N[/?-gJ<58,.-0;Z7���k�h E� +d�º58-?,I�=+[>�J H >@1 ,X+67d, J}N9>#3�>�JF-0ABJ<+6-?,�5Z+�C ;Z+6AK3 H L}+6-}N6A.-07[J<-?N[5Z/?>MOP><7Q,�+6,.-0/?-g1*2#365Z7[1�/?>3�;ZOx5Z-?76>�7}+6OP2MA.-g�Q+6>Zqs76;=+[1I3�-g1.N9;Q1*;=7[1X3�>#,.A*0M1IN9>M+\3 H 2M/?2MOP><7Q,B1I1.+6AI/0>M1IN9>MA*�W;=A.Ox5879JF>M1587[5Z/?;=mZ-g�Q+6>M1�36>dJF><,*,B>t�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7bEr{Y>dN6AB;Zc6/ 0<OP>4>@1 ,eJF></0+6-X3�>@1�cn;Z+[J</?>@1�a�pZ><ABAB;Z+6-0/?/g58m=>3�>43�2M/05Z-01�5Z+[�Q+6></�76;Z+[1&5�pZ;=7[1Y,.><7Q,B2t3 H 58N6Nn;ZA.,.>MA�+676>4AB2<Nn;Z7[1.>4365Z7[1�/0>4JKL[58N6-?,.AB>�N6AB2F^JF2@3�><7Q,ME G�H ;=c!C >MJF,.-?��3�>eJF>eJKL[58N[-C,BA.>&>M1*,�36;Z7[Jf3�;Z+[c6/?>=E � 5Z7[1�+67lN[A.>MO�-0><AY,.>MOPN[1<q�7[;Z+[158/0/?;=7[1�N6AB;ZNn;=1.><A�+67dOP;�3!0M/?>#N6AB2MJ<-01�3�>#c6AB+6-?,X36>�N[L[5Z1.>Zq�>F,@q83658791�+67�36><+�|�- 0<OP>�,.><OPN[1MqOP;Z7Q,.AB><A��Q+ H -?/I>@1 ,�Nn;=1B1*-0c6/0>\3�>PA.2@58/0-01.><Ae+67�;Q1.J<-?/0/058,.>M+6Ae/?;�J<5Z/XN9;=+6A�+676>\5ZN6N6/0-0JM5s,B-?;=7587[5Z/?;=mZ-g�Q+6>Ym=A�=JF>�a�1.>M1Xcn;Z767[>M1XNn><A.�W;ZABOx587[J<>M1�><7xc[A.+6-?,�N6AB;�JKL6>ZE G 5eA.2@58/0-01B5s,B-?;=7�3 H +67N6AB;8,.;Z, J}N9>�1.><AK5t/ H ;�JMJ<5Z1.-0;Z7l36>�p�5Z/?-g3�>MA�76;8,BA.>f,.L[2<;ZAB-0>ZE �� �(���� � � � �! ��� � � � � � ��" � " ��� ��� �/# � ��# � �/#���� � ���'�/0��� � �� � � >�/ H >F|�>MO�N[/?>4N[A.2@JF2M36><7Q,Mqn76;Z+91�5�pZ;=7[1�J<;Z7[1*,B58,.2t�Q+ H -?/�1 H 5ZmZ-g1.1B58-?,�3 H +676>tOd+6/?,.-0N6/?-?^J<58,.-0;Z7�N[5ZA�+67�>M7=,B-?>MAMEr{Y>F,f><7Q,.-0><AfJF;ZABAB>M1.N9;=7[3w58+�76;=Otc6AB>43�>4�W;=-01�� , �Q+6>t/0>t1.-?m=7[58/3�>�AB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>�>M1*,�1.+[J<J<>M1B1*-0pZ>MO�>M7Q,�A.><,B5ZAB3�2&3�> �`� � � , E�{Y>fJ<5=1�Ox58AKJKL6>�Nn;Z+[A�+676>&Ot+6/?^,.-0N6/0-0JM5s,.-0;Z7wN[5ZA�+67w76;ZOdc6AB>�-?OPN[5Z-?A@E G ;=AB1B�Q+6>e/ H ;Z7w1*;=+6L[5Z-C,B>�+676>�Ot+[/C,B-?N6/0-gJ<5s,B-?;=7wN[58A+67�7[;ZOtc[A.>4N958-0AMqn/?>dA.2@1*+[/C,K5s,&>@1 ,f2M�Q+6-0ps58/0><7Q,&>M7�A.><,B5ZAB365Z7Q,�/?>@1&1.-0mZ7[5Z+�|w36> �`� � ¡ � , E� 5Z7[1fJF>tJM5Z1*^ /ga6q9/?>�JF;ZOPN[5ZAB58,.>M+6A�3�>4N[L[5Z1.>d3�>Mp}AB5\J<;ZOPN[5ZA.>MA�3�>M1&1*-0mZ7958+�|�3�2<N[L[5Z1.2M13�> � E( ;=+6A#/?>e3�2MpZ></0;ZN[N9>MO�>M7Q,�3�>f/05t,.L[2<;ZAB-0>Zq}JF;ZOPOP>fN9;=+6AY/g5dA.2@58/0-01B5s,B-?;=7bqZ/g5tOd+6/?,.-0N6/?-?^J<58,.-0;Z7�1.><AK543 H ;ZAK3�AB>�-?OPN[5Z-?A@E=� / H -0Ox58mZ>f3�>M1�][/?,.AB>M1Y7}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>@1<q=76;Z+[1Y+�,B-?/0-01.><AB;Z791I/0>M1,.AK587[1*�W;ZABOP2<>@1Y>M7 �PNn;Z+[A�><7w3�2MJ<A.-0AB>f/0>f�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z767[><OP><7Q,MEN � � �� ����#" ������!��� =:� � � �U���I� ������

k};Z-?,l+67 1*-0mZ7[5Z/&3�>��WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<> � ��AB>F,K58AK3�2M1l3�>�» �   � � ´ �   � ��� , � �@�\a 1*;=7N[5Z1B1B58mZ>l36587[1d/0>M1��*J<></0/?+[/?>@1da�A.><,B58AK3Q�lJ<;Z7[1*,.-?,.+[5Z7Q,d+676>�/0-?m=76>l3�>�AB>F,B5ZAB3�R ][m9E � E z=DoE� 5Z7[1�/0>d36;ZOx58-076>t3�>@1�,BAB5Z7[1 �W;=A.OP2M>M1�>M7�:Zqn/?>tA.><,B58AK3w-07=,BA.;�3�+[-C,fN[58A�+[76>dJ<></0/?+6/0> � ¤ �>M1*,�3�2F][7[-�JF;=O�OP>41.+6-?,4¾� ¤ � � £ ¤ � 6� (�� � £ ¤ � 6� (����+( u�;8,BA.>eN6AB;�JF>@1.1.+[1�A.>@1.1.><Odc6/0>fa�+67�][/?,.AK58m=>&7}+6OP2<AB-g�=+[>ZE _`>MJF,.-0pZ><OP>M7=,@q6/0>M1�][/?,.AB>M17}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>@1I1*>�AB2M1.+6OP><7Q,Y1.;Z+[pZ><7Q,Ia43�>@1��*O�;�J=><767[><+6AK1XaeN9;=7[3�2MAB58,.-0;Z7}��3�>�3�-?_n2MA.>M7Q,B11*-0mZ7958+�|rE8u�;=+[1X1.;Z+6L[5Z-C,B;Z7[1X5�p=;Z-0A�+67x3�2<N6L95Z1B58mZ>�3�> ¡ � >M7Q,.AB>�/ H ><7Q,.AB2<>�3�>�/g5fN6AB><OP-W0MA.>JF>M/?/0+6/0>�>F,�/05x1.;ZA.,.-0>e3�>�/05P3�>MA.7[-W0MA.>=E � ;=7[J8q�76;=+[1�Nn;Z+6p=;Z7[1�2@JFAB-?AB>P¾� ¤ � � £ ¤ � � �� � £ � � ¤�� � �  

Page 98: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�[���=�\���( �� ���X)w$� ����(&�# �½ � �

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

y(z)

Z-1

Z-1

Z-1

x(z)

�#�W��� � E z��lk J}76;ZN6,.-g�=+[>43�>�/05�Od+6/C,B-?N[/?-gJ<58,.-0;Z7w3�>e�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>�r� �}��1 H >F|�N6AB-?OP>�58-07[1.-b3�>�/g5t�º5*)F;=7�1.+6-0p�5Z7Q,.>P¾

�r� �}�X����� �}�  � , �   ® � ¤ � ® � ¤ 6 ® � ¤� / / ® � ¤ � � G � � R � E?T�D

G >\1.Nn>MJo,BA.>\36>xN6+6-g1.1B587[J<>\���%3�+ 1*-0mZ7958/I3�>�1.;ZA.,.-0>x1 H >F|�N6AB-0O�>x5Z-?7[1.-I>M7j�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=73�+w1.N9>@Jo,.AB>43�>eN6+6-g1B1.5Z7[JF>4� & 4 , %+&�& 3�+�1.-?m=7[58/b3 H >M7=,BA.2M>�3�>e/05��º5*)F;Z7w1.+6-?ps5Z7=,B>P¾���Y� � �I� � & 4 , %'&�& � � ��� �  � ,   ¢�£ ¤ � 6� � � ��   ¢�£ ¤ � 6� �� � 6ª «F¬ ­

� � ( �R � E z=D

-160

-140

-120

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

050 100 150 200 250

f

�#�W��� � E yt��6;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7�3�>f,BAB5Z7[1 �W>MA*,�3�+�][/?,.AB>{Y>F,.,.>e�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7�3�>e,BAB5Z7[1*�W><A.,eRW][m[E � E yl¾�[A.2@�=+[><7[J<>M1#><7 > ����><7�5Zc[1.J<-01B1.>Zq �e58-07>M7 � � � / ��� ¤ � ><7�;ZAK3�;Z767[2<>@D�1 H 587[7Q+[/?>�N9;=+6A � � L � �&� � ´ L � � , 1B58+6�9/0;ZAK1.�Q+6><L �� R� >M7[1*>MOtc6/0>�3�>@1X><7Q,.-0><AK1�Nn;=1.-C,B-C�º1KDoE GIH >F|},.AB><Od+6O 3�>�J<>F,.,.>#�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7P>@1 ,I;=c�,.>M7Q+PNn;Z+6A� � � ´ EIu�;Z,.;Z791\�Q+6>w/05�76;Z,.-0;Z7 3�>�Ot+[/C,B-?N6/0-gJ<5s,B-?;=7 >M1*,\+67%58c6+[1x36>�/05Z76m=5ZmZ>v¾I-?/1 H 5ZmZ-?,�>M7��º5Z-C,�3 H +67�][/?,.AK58m=>&N95Z1B1*><^ c[5Z7[3�>eJF>M7=,BA.2e1.+6A�/ H L[5ZA.OP;Z7[-0�Q+6> � , 36+w1.-0mZ7[5Z/`36>AB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>=E� �!��� �� ��� ����PQ�� R�������!����� # ¼½/�>M1*,&3�;=7[J�-0O�Nn2<AK5s,B-C���Q+6>t/?>�1*-0mZ7[5Z/b><7j�=+[>M1*^,B-?;=7�58-?,\3�>w/ H 2<7[><ABmZ-0>�aj/05 � , 0<OP>wL[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6>l><,\�=+[>wJ<></0/?><^~J<-�1*;=-C,x58OPN6/0-C]92<>�1*-

Page 99: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� U ������������� �6�������%��� � �½��� �<����� �<����$&����(����� �d��762MJ<>M1B1.5Z-?AB>ZE 7 N[5ZA*,B-0J<+6/?-0><A@q�/0>\]9/C,BA.>l76>\Nn><+�,x1*2M/?>@Jo,B-?;=7676><Ad/ H L[5ZA.OP;Z7[-0�Q+6> � , 3 H +671*-0mZ7958/`1*-07}+[1*;�� 3[58/[N[+6-01B�Q+6>e1*;=7�1*Nn>MJF,.AB>f1.>f/?-0OP-C,B>fad+67 � -0AB5=J�a � �8E 7lA.>Mp�5Z7[JKL6>=q=+671*-0mZ7958/}J<58ABAB2Y3�>#AK58N6Nn;ZA.,*^½J'J�JF/0-g�=+[>�¹6E � p=;Z-?,�1.;Z7d2<76>MA.m=-?>YA.2MN[58A.,.-0>�1.+6A�/?>@1�L[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6>M1-?OPN[5Z-?AB>M1ME� =Q��� PQ� ������ � ��� � " �3����

��-07[1*-#/0>l1.N9>@Jo,BA.>�36+�1.-?m=7[58/�3�>l1.;ZA.,.-0>\>M1*,d+[7 � -0AK5ZJ\a�/ H L[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6> � , 3�+�/05�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>v36+ 1.-?m=7[58/�3 H ><7Q,.AB2<>=E�i&7�Nn><+�,�3�;=7[J�N958AB/?>MA�3�>��*Ot+6/?,.-0N6/0-0JM5s,B-?;=7}�j3�>�/05�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>j3�+ 1*-0mZ7958/e3�>�AB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>jN[58A�+67�>M7Q,.-0><AwJF;ZABAB>M1.N9;=7[36587Q,�5Z+'76;ZOdc6AB>j3�>JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1�a�A.><,B5ZAB3rE� ��" � - � 0 � � � � # � � �/#���� � � ��� � #�� � ���� � *� ' ��� � ��� # �

{Y>F,*,B>xN[58A.,.-0>x5�N9;=+6A4;Zc C >MJo,B-C�#3 H 58N6N6AB;8�W;=7[3�-0Ae76;8,BA.>xJF;=OPN6A.2ML6><791*-0;Z7�3�>P/05w3�>M7�^1*-?,.2�1.N9>@Jo,BAB5Z/?>e3�>ec6AB+6-C,��Q+6>e76;=+[1�N9;=+6A.AB-0;Z7[1�OP>M1.+6AB><A�at/g5P1*;=A*,B-?>e3�+�Ot+6/?,.-0N6/0-?>M+6A�3�>�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>M1ME G 5P3�-?�xJ<+6/?,.2�AB2M1.-03�>f-gJF-�365Z7[1�/?>f�º5Z-C,��Q+6>e/g5t�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7�36>fc[A.+6-?,�7 H >M1*,�N[5Z11 ,K5s,B-?;=767[58-0AB>ZEn{Y><,�2F,K5s,&1.-?7[mZ+6/0-?>MA�76;=+[1�N6AB-0pZ>43�>@1�OP2F,BL6;�3�>M1&JF/g5Z1B1*-g�Q+6>M1�36>t3�2F,B>F,BO�-?^7[5s,B-?;=7�36+w1.Nn>MJo,BA.>e><,�762MJ<>M1B1*-?,.>e+67�,.AK58-?,.>MOP><7Q,�5Z3�L6;�J8EN � "� =Q" �� � �!�����I��# GIH >F|�>MO�N[/?>43 H +676>�/0-0mZ76>4aPAB>F,K58AK3lJ<;ZOPN9;Q1*2M>�3�> PJF>M/?/0+6/0>M1>M1*,�+�,.-0/?-g1.2P58][7�3�>x3�2F][7[-?A�/g5l�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7�3�>Pc6A.+[-C, �r�W�*�oE G >M1�3�2@J<5Z/05ZmZ>M1�,.>MOPN9;=A.>M/01�5Z+76-0pZ>M5Z+�3�>M1��WAB;Z7Q,B1&3�+�1.-?m=7[58/�3�>t1.;ZA.,.-0>tJF;=A.AB>M1.N9;=7[3�>M7=,�alJF>M+�|w36>M1fJF></0/0+6/?>@1<q`JF;=OPO�>/?>�OP;=7=,BA.>f/g5�][mZ+6AB> � E � Nn;Z+[A�+67�1*-0mZ7[5Z/b3�>eN92MA.-0;�3�>�� � E

Premier cycle de période To

t

Nouveau cycle

Sortie du premier délai

Signal non retardé et propre

Sortie du deuxième délai

Sortie du multiplieur de fréquences

�#�W�Y� � E � � ( AB-07[JF-0N9>436>�/05P1.;ZOPOx5s,.-0;Z7w3�>@1#c6A.+[-C,K1G >M1d�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7[1P3�>lc[A.+6-?,x58+�| 1.;ZA.,.-0>M1�3�>M1PJ<></0/?+6/0>M1P1.;Z7Q,�36-C_`2<AB><7Q,.>@1wRº�6q � � �W�*�d>F,

� 6 �º�*�*D#JF;=OPO�>�7[;Z+[1�5�p=;Z7[1YN6+w/?>�p=;Z-0A�36587[1#/0>e,.AB;Z-g1.-W0MO�>�JKL[5ZN6-?,.AB>ZE�r� 2 �`�M�Y�%�

� ��� �� ® L�� � ��� � �� � 6 � �� ® L��`� ��� � 6

Page 100: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�[���=�\���( �� ���X)w$� ����(&�# �½ � �

G >@1d�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7[1 � ³ 1*;=7=,x3�>@1�J<;ZOdc6-?7958-g1*;=7[14/0-?7[2M58-0AB>M1P3�>l�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7[1PJF>M7Q,.AB2<>M1�RW/0>M1J<></0/?+6/0>M1dmZ2M7 0<AB><7Q,�+67 c6AB+6-?,xc6/05Z7[J�36>lOP;�JZ>M7676>l7Q+[/?/0>@DFE G 5��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7 ��/ H >@1 ,x3�;Z79J2Mm=58/0><OP>M7=,@E /?/0>�>M1*,�3�;Z79J�1 ,K5s,.-0;Z7[7[58-0A.>e3 H ;ZAK3�AB>dT=EG 5��W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7�3�>�N6+6-g1.1B5879JF>�3�>4c6AB+6-?,�>M1*,�N92MA.-0;�3�-g�=+[>43�>�N92MA.-0;�3�>��`�ZE /?/0>t1 H 5=J<JF+6^Od+6/?>d1*+6A�+67�J'J�J</?>t36> xc6-?,B1Mq[N6+[-01f1*>tA.2M-?76-?,.-g58/0-g1*>=E6¼½/�1 H 58mZ-?,�/ga\3 H +67�3�>@1�N6AB-?79JF-0N[58+�|5�ps587Q,K58mZ>@1�3�>@1fOt+6/?,.-0N6/0-?>M+6AB1�36>d�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1�c95Z1.2M1e1*+[Af/0>M1 �fG�G 1<E G >�c[A.+6-?,e76>x1 H 5ZJF^J<+6Ot+6/0>4N[5=1�JF;=OPO�>dJF></g5\5x/0-0><+�5�pZ>@Je/?>@1�;Q1.J<-?/0/058,.>M+6AB1�><7�587[76>M5Z+�|vR·Jo��{YL[5ZN6-C,BA.>�T@DoE{Y>MN9>M7[36587Q,@q81*-}/g5��W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7 �r�W�*��>M1*,Xc6-?>M7t>MA.m=;}36-0�Q+6>=q@>M/?/0>#7 H >M1*,�N[5=1�1 ,K5s,.-0;Z7[7[58-0A.>�3 H ;ZA.^3�AB>&z6E�u�;Z+[1�76;Z+91�76>&N9;=+6pZ;=7[1IN95Z1I+6,.-0/?-g1*>MAY/ H 587[5Z/WJ�1.>�3�> [;Z+6AB-0><AI,BAB5=3�-?,.-0;Z7676>M/?/0>�58][73 H ;Zc6,.><7[-?A�/g5P3�><7[1.-?,.241.N9>@Jo,.AK58/0>�3�>ec6AB+6-C,@E +&+ H 5Z3�p}-0><7Q,*^~-?/b36+w1.Nn>MJo,BA.>�365Z7[1�JF>4JM5Z1��� � ��� ��� =:� P:� ������� � � �� � =:������� =:�S�� "����� � �`�º�*�� >tOx587[-W0MA.>�m=2<762MAB5Z/?>=q[/g5P�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7�36>4c6AB+6-C, �`�º�*��3�+j1*-0mZ7[5Z/!3�>4�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>4Ot+6/?,.-0N6/0-?2N[5ZA�� , a�N[5ZA*,B-?A�3 H +67�1.-?m=7[58/b3�>�Nn2<AB-0;}36> �`�eNn><+�,&1 H 2MJFAB-0A.>e3�>�/g5t�º5*)F;=7�1.+6-0p�5Z7Q,.>Z¾

�r�W�*�Y� G ��

��� ¤ ��º� ® � �s�º�*� �#�·� ¢ L�� � ¢ � ´ � ® � 6 �W�*� ���W� ¢ L�� � ¢ ¡ � ´ � ® / / /¸�

/0/?>�>M1*,�5Z/?;=AB1�/05&1*;=OPO�>�3�>I�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7[1�1 ,K5s,.-0;Z7[7[58-0A.>@1�3 H ;ZAK3�AB>Yz�E /0/?>#1*>YmZ2M762<AK58/0-01.>>M7b¾�r�W�*�I� G��

���� ¤ �

�� � ¤ ��

³ � �� ³ �º�*� ���º� ¢ L��`� ¢ 1 � ´ � � R � E yQD

¼½/r1 H 5ZmZ-?,�3 H +676>f�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7l><ABmZ;�3�-g�Q+6>&3�>eOP;ZOP>M7=,#7}+6/r3 H ;ZAK3�A.>dTfJM58A#J H >M1*,�+[76>�JF;ZOdc6-?^7[5Z-01.;Z7�/0-?762@58-0A.>�3�>#�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7[1IJ<><7Q,.AB2<>@1X1*+6AY�6E /?/0>�7 H >M1*,YJF>MN9>M7[365Z7=,IN95Z1X1*,B5s,B-?;=767[5Z-?AB>3 H ;ZAK3�AB>Pz6E 7�A.>Mp�5Z7[JKL6>=qbJ H >M1*,4+676>��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7 J'J�J</?;Z^~1*,B58,.-0;Z767[5Z-?AB>4><,476;Z+[1eNn;Z+[pZ;Z791>M7 >F|�N6AB-?OP><At/?>d�.1.N9>@Jo,.AB>o�oq�;Z+ N6/0+�,>)Z,d/0>�J'J�J</?;Z^~1.N9>@Jo,BA.>�� � � �% � � �PqX3�>\�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>\J J=^J</?-g�Q+6>x��J<;ZOPOP>\JF>M/05w5�2F,B2\3�2F][7[-�3658791e/ H 58767[>F|�>�{&E�h�58-07Q,.>M7[587Q,4�Q+6>P/ H >F|�-g1 ,B><7[J<>3�+x�.1*Nn>MJF,.AB>o�f>@1 ,�362<OP;Z7Q,.AB2Zq�3�2<,.>MA.OP-076;Z7[1#/0>ZEG 5d�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7 �r�W�*��1 H 2@JFAB-C,�2Mm=5Z/?>MO�>M7Q,#3�>�/g5d�º5 )<;Z7w1*+6-0ps587Q,.>=¾�r�W�*�I� � � ¤ ��

4 � �� G �

���� ¤ �

� 4 �º�*� �#�W� ¢ L�� � ¢ À � ´ � ��j>@1 ,d/05�1.;ZOPOP>�3�>��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7[1tN92MA.-0;�3�-g�=+[>M143�>lN92MA.-0;�3�> � � E G�H 2@JKL[587Q,B-?/0/?;=767[5ZmZ>365Z7[1�/0> ,B><OPN[1jA.>MpQ-0><7Q,ja'+676> Nn2<AB-?;�3�-g1B5s,.-0;Z7 36+ 1*Nn>MJF,.AB> 365Z7[1�/0> 3�;=OP5Z-?7[> 3�>M1�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1<E �dH ; �b¾

���� � �I�  � , � � ¤�

�4 � �

� G ��

��� ¤ �� �� 4 � � ¢ L�n� � © �

( +6-g1B�=+[>\/05wc9587[3�>\36>x�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>\3�+ c6AB+6-?,4>M1*,tc6-0><7 1.+6N9>MA.-0><+[A.>xaw/g5��WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>3�>�k�JKL[5Z7676;=7bq}/?>@1�1.Nn>MJo,BA.>@1Y1.>fA.>@JF;Z+[pQAB><AB;Z7Q,@E!u�;=+[1�76>f/?>fN6AB><7[3�AB;Z791�N[5=1�><7lJ<;ZOPN�,B>58][7�36>41*-0OPN6/?-?][>MA�/?>@1�J<58/gJF+[/01ME

Page 101: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TM¹=¹ ������������� �6�������%��� � �½��� �<����� �<����$&����(����� �d��u�;Z+91Y5�p=;Z7[1I5Z-?791*-`58+�,B;Z+6A�3�>�/g5��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF> � ´ /05436><7[1.-C,B2f36>&1.N9>@Jo,.AB>&36>�c6AB+6-?,�3�>N6L[5=1*>�1.+6-?ps5Z7=,B>Z¾

���� � � ����8� � �I�  � 6,�� � ¤ ��4 � �

�� 4 � � � � �� � ¤ ��4 � �

�� 4 � � � �>F|�N6AB>M1B1*-0;Z7��=+[-�1*>�3�2@JF;=O�Nn;=1.>eN9;=+6A�/0>M1#�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1#N9;Q1*-?,.-0pZ>@1<¾�À�����><7b¾

��#� � � ����=� � �I�  � 6,� � ¤ 6�4 � � � � ¤

��

³ � ��� ³ � � � ����³ G 4 � � �

i&Af7[;Z+[1f5�pZ;=7[1�OP;Z7Q,BA.2P�Q+6>d/0>�c6A.+[-C,�3�>�N6L[5Z1.>Pa\/g5l1.;ZA.,.-0>d3 H +676>PJF>M/?/0+6/0>Pp�5Z/05Z-C,58+�,B;Z+6A�3 H +67[>�N9;=A*,B><+[1.>�a � �&� � ´ � � , ¾�� ³ � � �I� �� %+& ( � � � ® ³�

��� ���#� � � ¢ 1

� , �x� � � � ����� �

��#� � �G >�c6AB+6-?,�3�>eN6L[5Z1.>�58+�,B;Z+6A�36>�/05d�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF> � ´ ps58+�,�36;Z7[JZ¾

� 1 � � � 6, �� ³ � � � �� �� � � �I� � 6

, �� %'&�( �� �%'&�( ® ��#� � � �� � � � � � � ®1 �� , �x� � � � � � � � ¢ 1 �

� , � � � � � ¢ 1 �� , �x� � � ©

� 1 � � �� ³ � � � ����� � � �I� � 6,�� �� %+& ( � 6 ® � ��#� � � � 6 � � ®

1 �� , � �x� � � � 6 ¢ 1 �

� , � ���8� � � ® �x� � �*� ©i&7�Nn;=1.> 1 � � ® À

� � À � - � , ¢ ¡ �� �>G 4 � � � � �� �� � � �I� � 6, � �� %+& ( � 6 ® � ��#� � � � 6 � � ®

� � � ® À��� , � �x� � � � 6 ¢ ¡ � £ � �x� � �.� � � � ® À��

� ,©

�tH ;��b¾��#� � � ����=� � �I� � �

6 � �� %'&�( � 6 ®  � , � � ¤6�

4 � � � ��#� � � � 6 � � ®� � � ® À��� , � �x� � � � 6 ¢ ¡ � £ � �x� � �*� � � � ® À��

� ,©

G >41.N9>@Jo,.AB>�a�/05x1.;ZA.,.-0>f1 H >F|�N6AB-?OP>�3�;Z79J&N958A� � � � � � �I� � 6

, � %+&�( � � � ®  � , ��¤ 6�4 � � � � ¤

4 ¤ ��� � � � �   ®

� � ® � À � �� ,

� � �x� � � � 6 ¢ ¡ � £ � �x� � �.� � ©k}-

�x� � �I� � ,� � ® � ,-?> � �x� � � � 6 ¢ ¡ � £ � �x� � �.�I� ¢ � 6,

� 6 ® � 6,G >4J'J�J</?;Z^~1.N9>@Jo,BA.>e3�>e�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>�J'J�JF/0-g�=+[>e��ps58+6,�58/0;ZAK1<¾

Page 102: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�[���=�\���( �� ���X)w$� ����(&�# �½ TM¹[T

� � � � � � �Y� � , � %'&�( � � � ® ��� � � � � ¤ 6�4 � � � � ¤

4 ¤ ��� � ��� 6,

� � , ® � � ® � À � � � � �x� � � � 6 ¢ ¡ � £ � �x� � �.� � �R � E � D

� 3 587�249 : 3�;#u�;Z+[1IA.><,.AB;Z+6p=;Z7[1!/ H >F|�N6AB>M1B1.-?;=7�3�+x1.N9>@Jo,BA.>�5ZN6N6AB;}JKL[2�3�>&{YL[-?>M7�S zZy�V Ek�5d�W;=A.Od+6/?>e76>eN6AB><793lN95Z1#><7�J<;ZOPN�,.>e/g5PJF;ZABAB>MJo,B-?;=7l3�>�/g5�c9;=+[JF/0>\R � , �'�QDoE{Y>F,.,.>l�W;ZABOt+6/0>l5j3�;Z79J\2F,B2�362F,.>MA.OP-0762<>l><7�5UJ=587Q,d1.+6N6Nn;=1.2l�Q+6>l/?>@1PJF></0/0+6/?>@1d36>AB>F,K58AK3\1*;=7Q,�5=1.1.-0O�-0/g58c6/0>M1�aP3�>M1�][/?,.AB>M1�N[5=1.1.>F^ ,.;=+�,�3�>em=58-07�+676-?,B58-0AB> ���Q+6>e/?>�1>J}1*,>0MOP>3�>�J<;ZOPOx587[3�>#1.+6-C,X/0>M1�OP;�3�+6/g5s,B-?;=7�3�>#/g5&,.><791*-0;Z7P3�>�JF;=O�Ox5Z7[3�>#a&/g5e1*;=A*,B-?>#3�+d][/?,.AB>3�>fcn;Z+[J</?> �Q>M7�][7�JF>F,.,.>&�W;ZABOt+6/0>f76>&N[A.>M7[3xN[5=1Y>M7lJ<;ZOPN�,.>&/?>fAB>MJF;=+6p}A.>MOP><7Q,�1.N9>@Jo,BAB5Z/-g1.1.+w3�>�/05P1.;ZOPOx5s,B-?;=7l3�>@1�1*Nn>MJF,.AB>M1MEGIH 2M�Q+[58,.-0;Z7 � E � 76;=+[1\OP;Z7Q,BA.>��Q+6>�/g5�Ot+[/C,B-?N6/0-gJ<5s,B-?;=7'3�>��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1xOt+6/?,.-0N6/0-?>3�>�/05wOYX<OP>�1.;ZA.,.>x/0>\c6AB+6-?,�3�>�N6L[5Z1.>\3�+ 1.-?m=7[58/Y3�>\AB2F�W2<AB><79JF>ZE�{ H >M1*,t><7��º5Z-C,d,.;Z+6,/0>Pc6A.+[-C,t3�>P�W;=7[3�3�>x/g5lcn;Z+9JF/0>\alp=><ABA.;=+6-0/?/g58m=>d3�>\3�2M/05Z-01��Q+6-�>M1*,4Ot+6/?,.-0N6/0-?2 C +[1B�Q+ H a3�>@1�76-0pZ>@58+�|��Q+6-�Nn><+[pZ><7Q,f>F|6JF/0+6AB>4JF>M1f1>J}1*,>0MOP>M1�3�>@1&5ZN6N6/0-0JM5s,B-?;=7[1�1.><7[1.-?c[/?>@1<Ef{Y><,*,B>JM58AK5ZJo,B2<AB-01*,.-g�Q+6>�7 H >M1*,fN95Z1&/05l1*>M+6/?>�a\/0-?OP-?,.>MA&/0>M1e58N[N6/?-gJ<58,.-0;Z7[1&3 H +67�,B></X1 J�1*,>0MO�>=E&¼½/>@1 ,�58+91.1.-`,.A*0M1�1.><7[1.-0c6/?>�5Z+�|�ps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1�36>fN[A.;�JF2@3�2M1ME� � " ��� � � � � #��$# � # � 0 � � �� ��� � � � ��� 2 ��� # � � # ��� � � � ��� 0 � 0

G >@1&1.Nn>MJo,BA.>@1�3�>@1&1.-0mZ7[5Z+�|w36>d1.;ZA.,.-0>t1*;=7Q,�, J}N6-g�=+[>M1MEnu�;Z+[1�A.><,.AB;Z+6p=;Z7[1�36>M1&AB5Z-?>@13 H 2<7[><ABmZ-0>458+�|�3�-?_n2MA.>M7=,B>M1&L[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6>M1�3�+�1.-?m=7[58/�36>tAB2F�W2<AB><79JF>ZEnu�;=+[1�5Z/?/0;Z7[1�36587[1J<>�N[5ZAB5ZmZAK58N6L6>�,B><7Q,.>MA�36>Y3�;=7676><A�+676>Y>F|�N6/0-0JM5s,B-?;=7ta�/0><+6A�N6AB2M1.><7[J<>ZE G >M1!L[5ZA.OP;Z7[-0�Q+6>@1N[5Z-?AB>M1�><,�-?OPN[5Z-?AB>M1�1.;Z7Q,�><7�mZAK587[36>fN958A.,.-0>e36+6>M1�5Z+�|�ps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1#3�>�N[A.;�JF2@3�2ZEN ��E��!��� =:��� �I�� � ��� " � � �� �

G >@1�ps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1�3�>#N6AB;}J<2M3�2@1�><7Q,.AK5 $ 76><7Q,X3�>M1X36-01.N9>MAB1.-0;Z7[1�1.+6A�/?>@1�p�5Z/?>M+6AK1�36>M1XJF;=O�^Nn;=1B587Q,B1!3�+dJ<-?AKJF+[-C,@E�� ,.AK5�pZ>MAB1�/?>@1�ps58AB-g5s,.-0;Z791�3�>@1!AB2M1.-g1 ,K587[J<>M1�36>YJ<5Z7[58/ q@/?>@1�ps58AB-g5s,.-0;Z7913�>�N[A.;�JF2@3�2�-07��[+6>M7=,#1*+[AI/ H 58OPN6/0-?,.+[3�>�>F,�/g5eN6L[5=1*>�3�+\1.-0mZ7[5Z/·EZu�;Z+[1ImZ2<7[2<AK58/0-01.;Z7[1�/ H -?7�^�[+[><7[J<>e36>M1�ps58AB-g5s,.-0;Z791�36>fN958AK58OY0F,BA.>@1�36>�/05�Ox5876- 0<AB>�1*+[-?ps587Q,B>ZEk};=-?>M7=,�� ³ ³ � � ><,��� ³ ³ � � /0>M1�ps58AB-g5s,.-0;Z791�1*+6A�/ H 58OPN6/0-C,B+[3�>4><,&1.+6A�/05PN[L[5Z1.>43�>M11.-?m=7[58+6|�58+�|l1.;ZA.,.-0>M1�36>M1�JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1ME�r� �}�X����� �}�  � ,

�� � ¤ ��

³ � � �   ® � ³ � � ¤� ³ G � � � � R � E � D

� ,B+[3�-0;Z7[1#/ H -07��[+[><7[J<>f3 H +676>fps58AB-058,.-0;Z7�3 H 5ZO�N[/?-?,.+[36>e1.+6A�/05t�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7�3�>&,.AK587[1*�W><A.,3�+�][/?,.AB>ZE � 5Z7[1�+67 J<5Z1l-g3�2M5Z/f; �',B;Z+[1�/0>M1 � ³ ><, � ³ 1*;=7=,�7}+6/01Mq > 6 � � �l1 H 58767}+6/0>Nn;Z+6A�/0>M1��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1#Ot+6/?,.-0N6/0>43�>M1 � ³ � L � � � � £�� � ��� � ¢ � , � E � 587[1#/0>4J<5=1J<;Z7Q,.AK58-0A.>=q�/?>�][/?,.AB>�5e+67Pm=5Z-?7�76;Z7P7}+6/6Nn;Z+[AIJF>M1X�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>M1ME={Y;Z7[1.-0362<AB;Z7[1�+676>�>MA.AB><+[A3 H 58OPN6/0-?,.+[3�>P-07Q,.AB;}36+6-C,B>\58+v76-0pZ>M5Z+j3�>x/g5wJF>M/?/0+6/0> 1 Ebu�;Z+[1�1.+6N6Nn;=1.;Z7[1eN958A�1*;=+[JF-I36>1.-?OPN6/0-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7w3�>M1�JM58/gJF+6/g1��Q+6> � ���� 1 � � ����E

Page 103: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TM¹Qz ������������� �6�������%��� � �½��� �<����� �<����$&����(����� �d��

�r� �}�X����� �}�  � , �   ® � ¤�® � ¤ 6 / / / ® �   ® � ³ � � ¤ ³ / / / ® � ¤ � �

G � �

�r� �}�X����� �}� � > � �}� ®  � , � ³ � ¤ ³ ©( ;=+6A��@�&� £ � 6� �� � �� :M2<AB;x3�>> � �}�&¾

�`� �@�@�I�  � , � ³ � ¤ ³ ��� �@�����-07[1*-!58+�|\�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1 � � L � �xR�L � ��DFq658+�/?-0><+�3�>e:<2MA.;Q1<q}76;=+[1#76;=+[1�,.AB;Z+6p=;Z7[1><7wN6AB2M1.><7[J<>f36>�m=58-07[1 � > ��L � �M� � 36;Z76762@1#N[58A�¾

� > ��L � � � � 6 � � � ³� , ©6 R � E � D

� /05��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF> � , � �Zq�/0>�m=5Z-?7wJKL[5Z76mZ>fN9>M+�¾� > � � , � � � � 6 �   R � E �8D

� ,.+[36-?;=7[1�2Mm=5Z/?>MO�>M7Q,b/ H -?7 �[+6><79JF>�3 H +676>�><ABA.>M+6Ab3�>IN6L95Z1.> � ³ 5Z+�76-?p=>M5Z+e36>I/05�J<></0/?+[/?>1 E�r� �}�I� �!� �}�  � , �   ® � ¤

�® � ¤ 6 / / / ® � ¤ ³ ¤ � � / / / ® � ¤ � �

G � �

�`� �Q�I� �!� �Q� � > 6 � �}� ®  � , � ¤ ³ � � ¤ � � ¢   � ©( ;=+6A � � � £ � 6� �� � �� :<2MA.;436> > � �}�X><,YNn;Z+6A�3�>M1��WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>M1 � � L � � ��� ��/ / ¡ � , � ���L �� � , � >F,�36>M1#><ABAB><+6AK1 � ³ - ¡ ����q � > � � � � � 3�>MpQ-0><7Q,tRºpZ;Z-0A#/ H 587[76>F|�> � D�¾

� > ��L � �@� � 6 � � ¡�� L � ³� 6,© 6 R � E U=D

� >P/ H 2@�=+95s,.-0;Z7�qn7[;Z+[1e3�2@3�+6-g1*;=7[1e�=+[>�/g5lN6+6-g1.1B587[J<>�36>M1fL[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6>M1f58+[mZOP><7Q,.>a�O�>@1*+[A.>��Q+6>�/ H ;=7�1.>eAB5ZN6N6AB;}JKL[>f3�> � , � � E ,ea�/05x�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>�� , � � q9/0>tmQ58-07�A.>@1 ,B>tN6AK5s,B-0�Q+6>MO�>M7Q,�-?79JKL[5876m=2�RWp=;Z-0A�/ H 5Z7676><|}>� Df¾� > � � , � �@� � 6 �   R � E � D

Page 104: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�[���=�\���( �� ���X)w$� ����(&�# �½ TM¹=yH�7j1*-0mZ7[5Z/!JM58ABA.2t36>4�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF> � �t�   � �`�xqr3�>dAB5ZN6N9;=A*,�J J�JF/0-0�Q+6> � ¹�� 3 H 58OPN6/0-C^,B+[3�>�76;ZABOx58/0-01.2<>�a�TP5�/0>�1.Nn>MJo,BA.>P1.+6-?ps5Z7=,@S?T=TKV~R GIH 2<76>MA.m=-?>P1.+6A&/ H L[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6>�� , >M1*,;=N�,.-0OP-01.2<>�D�E

� � � �I�  ¡ ®��9 � ¤ �

� ¢   � 9� � ¡ � ®   � � � � ¢ ¡ � ®  � � © R � E0TM¹QD¼½/0/?+[1*,.AB;Z791�N[5ZA#+67�><|}>MOPN6/?>f/ H -07��[+6>M7[JF>e3 H +676>eps58AB-058,.-0;Z7�36>dT@¹�� 1*+[A�/0>fA.><,B58AK3x><,/ H 5ZOPN6/?-?,.+93�>43�+�3�+w1*-0mZ7[5Z/·E

�r� �}�I� ��� �}� �   ® � ¤ � ®   /   � ¤ 6�� � ® � ¤� / / ® � ¤ � �

G � �k};=7v1.N9>@Jo,BA.>�>M1*,�A.>MN6A.2@1*>M7Q,.2�N[58Ae/g5\][m=+6AB> � E � RW>M7v5Zc[1.J<-01B1.>l¾r/0>M1f�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1&>M7

> ���9q}><7w;ZAK3�;=76762<>f/0>M1#N6+6-g1B1.5Z7[JF>@1#><7 ��� � / � � ¤ � DoE

-80

-60

-40

-20

050 100 150 200 250

f

�#�W�Y� � E � ��u�;=+6pZ>M/?/0>t�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7v36>d,BAB5Z7[1*�W><A.,fNn;Z+6A�/g5�ps58AB-058,.-0;Z7j3 H +67vN[5ZAB5ZO 0<,.AB>�36>T@¹��u�;=+[1�JF;=7[1*,B5s,B;Z7[1&+67�3�2<N[/05=JF><OP>M7=,�3�>@1eNQ)=/?>@1&><,43�>M1e:M2<AB;=1&><7Q,.AK5 $ 7[587Q,e+67vm=58-0776;=7 7Q+[/&a 3�>@1x�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1xN9;=+6A�/0>M1B�Q+6></0/0>M1x76;=+[1�5Z+6AB-?;=7[1x1*;=+6L[5Z-C,B2�A.> C >F,.>MA\,B;Z+�,B>2M76><ABmZ-0>ZE�4E u ¾ ( AB><7[;Z7[1P/ H ><|�><OPN6/0>w3 H +67[>�Ot+6/?,.-0N6/0-0JM5s,.-0;Z7 N[5ZA �}EX¼½Ox58m=-?76;=7[1xavN6AB2M1.><7Q,3�>@1�ps5ZA.-g5s,B-?;=7[1�3�>vN6AB;�JF2M362�><7Q,.AK5 $ 7[5Z7=,�+676>v><ABA.>M+6AjR·3�> T@¹���q � � >F,vT���Dl1*+6A�/0>AB>F,K58AK3\AB2M58/0-g1*2eN[5ZA�+676>4JF>M/?/0+6/0>ZE � >M1�2@�Q+[5s,B-?;=7[1#N6AB2MJF2@3�><7Q,B>M1Mq�76;Z+[1#>M7�3�2M3�+[-01.;Z7[1#/0>M1N6+[-01B1.5Z7[JF>@1rAB></g5s,.-0pZ>@1b3�>@1�L[5ZA.OP;=76-0�Q+6>@1rN[5ZA�AK58N6Nn;ZA.,�58+t1.-0mZ7[5Z/Z3�>Y1.;ZA.,.-0>�3�>I�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>

� � �xR ,B5ZcbE � E?T�DoEG 5wN[+6-01B1B587[J<>P36>M1eL[5ZA.OP;Z7[-0�Q+6>@1eN[58AK5Z1.-C,B>M1f>M1*,4><79JF;ZAB>P2</0><p=2<>PN9;=+6At3�>@1�><ABAB><+6AK1�º5Z-?c6/0>M1wR*T���DoE G >M1Pps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1�3�>wN6AB;�JF2M362��Q+6-�1.;Z7Q,xN6/0+[1P-?OPNn;ZA.,B5Z7=,B>M1�><OPN:XMJKL6>M7Q,3�;=7[Jf/ H +�,B-?/0-01B5s,B-?;=7�3 H +67[>e,.></0/0>458AKJKL6-C,B>MJF,.+6AB>&Nn;Z+[A�3�>e76;ZOdc6AB><+[1.>M1#58N[N6/?-gJ<58,.-0;Z7[1MEN ��E��!��� =:��� �I�� � "� ������

G ;=AB1B�Q+6>x/g5�N[58-0AB>�3�-?_n2MA.>M7=,B-?>M/?/0>\>@1 ,tN958A.�º58-?,.><OP>M7=,�58N6N[5Z-?AB2<>=qb/0>l1.-?m=7[58/�36-C_`2<AB><7�^,B-?>M/!7 H 5\N95Z1f3 H 2M76><ABmZ-0>d5Z+�|�L[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6>M1�N[58-0AB>M1ME � +��º58-?,f36>d/g5�3�[email protected]=3658N6,B5s,B-?;=7�3�>M1

Page 105: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TM¹ � ������������� �6�������%��� � �½��� �<����� �<����$&����(����� �d��L[5ZA.OP;Z7[-0�Q+6>@1 � � � � � � � � � �N[+6-01B1B587[J<>M1�><7�3�c`JeN9;=+6A ���'� /   ^½y6T ^ z � ^ zZz6E � ¹N6+[-01B1.5Z7[JF>@1#><7w3�c`JeN9;=+6A����%��/ � � ^½y � ^½y6T ^ z8U[E � ¹N6+[-01B1.5Z7[JF>@1#><7w3�c`JeN9;=+6A����%��/ �   ^ � T ^ ��� ^ � z6E � ¹� ����� � E?T&� ( +6-g1B1.5Z7[JF>@1�3�>M1#L[5ZA.OP;=76-0�Q+6>@1

JF;=O�Nn;=1B587Q,K1<q�J<></g5w7 H >M1*,tN6/0+[14/0>�J<5=1<E G >\mQ58-07v>M7 OP;}36>�JF;=O�Od+67 58+[mZOP><7Q,.>x><,d3�>/ H 2<7[><ABmZ-0>e5ZN6N[5ZAB5�$0,�58+�|lL[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6>M1�N[5Z-?AB>M1ME� ��" ��� . ��� �� �� #����

u�;Z+91epZ><7[;Z7[1f3�>x3�2F,B><ABOP-?76>MA�3�>t�º5*)F;=7�AB></g5s,.-0pZ>MOP><7Q,fm=2<762MAB5Z/?>d/05�3�>M7[1*-?,.2x1.N9>@Jo^,.AK58/0>�3�>�c6AB+6-C,Pa�/g5�1.;ZA.,.-0>�3�+�Ot+6/?,.-0N6/0-?>M+6A�36>\�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>M1�a � , J<></0/?+[/?>@1da�A.><,B58AK3rE{Y>F,.,.>w�W;ZABOt+[/058,.-0;Z7�N6A.>M7[3�><7%JF;=O�N6,.>�/ H 5=Jo,.-0;Z7 3�>�/g5vc9;=+[JF/0> RºJ<;Z7Q,.AK58-0A.>MOP><7Q,P5Z+�|OP;}3 0</0>M1#N6AB2MJ<2M3�>M7=,K1eS zZy�VWDoEGIH -?7Q,.2MA>X<,\3 H +[7�,B></�1>J}7=,BL62F,B-01.><+[A\3�>��WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>M1�N9;=+6Ax/0>M1xJF-0AKJF+6-?,B1P587958/0;ZmZ-g�Q+6>M158N6N958AK5 $g,�1*-�/?>@1�J<;Z7Q,.AK58-07Q,.>M1�><7�c6AB+6-?,f1.;Z7Q,�AB></g5ZJKL62M>M1ME _`>MJF,.-0pZ>MO�>M7Q,&/ H 2@�=+95s,.-0;Z7 � E �OP;Z7Q,.AB>�J</05Z-?AB><OP>M7=,P�Q+6>w/?>�76-0pZ>M5Z+�3�>�N6/g587[JKL[><Ax3�>�c6A.+[-C,K1x3�>M1PJF>M/?/0+6/0>M1P58+[mZOP><7Q,.>3 H +67 AB5ZN6N9;=A*,\3�> � , E�u�;=+[1x5�pZ;=7[1�2<m=5Z/?>MOP><7Q,\�=+9587Q,.-?][2�/ H -0OPN[5ZJF,�1*-0mZ76-?]9JM5s,.-?�f36>M1ps58AB-058,.-0;Z7[1I36>�N6AB;}J<2M3�2&1*+6AY/?>�76-?p=>M5Z+\3�>M1�AB5Z-?>@1IN[5ZAB5=1*-?,.>@1<E8¼½/n1*>MOtc6/0>�5Z/?;=AB1X7[2MJF>@1.1B58-0AB>3 H +�,.-0/?-g1.><AI+67[>��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7\3�>��*76><,*,.;�JQ58m=>o��3�>�c6A.+[-C,@E=u�;=+[1XNn;Z+6p=;Z7[1I-?Ox58m=-?7[><AX+676> (�G�G3�>�m=5Z-?7��WAB2M�Q+6>M7=,B-?>M/b+676-?,B5Z-?AB>�;Z+�/ H 5�C ;Z+6,�3 H +[7w][/C,BA.> G {%>M7�1*;=A*,B-?>xR*S z � VWDoE9h�58-g1�5�pZ>@JJF>@1X3�><+�|�1*;=/?+�,B-?;=7[1Mqs76;Z+[1�Nn><AK3�;=7[1�/ H 5�ps587Q,B5ZmZ>�A.>@JKL6><AKJKL62Zq�J H >M1*,�ae3�-0A.>#/g5f1.+6N6N[A.>@1.1.-?;=73 H +67�][/C,BA.>e>M7[JF;=Otc6AK587Q,ME ��� � ��� ���!� � �� �� � ���� � ��� � � ���� ��-�� " �5���*� � #��

u�;8,BA.>fN6AB><OP- 0<AB>&-07Q,.><7Q,B-?;=7�>M1*,�-0J<-r3�>ep�5Z/?-g3�>MA�/g5t�W;ZABOt+6/g5s,B-?;=7�3�>e/05�3�>M7[1*-?,.2�1.N9>@Jo^,.AK58/0>f�º58-?,.>4N6AB2MJ<2M3�>MOPO�>M7Q,ME _`>MJF,.-0pZ><OP>M7=,@q[+67[>e�W;Z-g1�JF;=A.AB;Zcn;ZAB2<>=qQ>M/?/0>�Nn><ABO�><,*,BAB5P3�>JF;=7[JF>MpZ;Z-0A#AB5ZN6-g3�><OP><7Q,�3�>e,B></g1�1>JQ7Q,BL62F,B-01.><+6A&3�>e�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>M1�5Z+�|�Nn><A.�W;ZABOx587[J<>M1�1.;Z+�^L[58-?,.2M>M1X365Z7[1�/0>M1�c6AB+6-?,B1�N6AB;�JKL6>M1�3�>�/g5fN9;=A*,B><+[1.>ZE8u�;Z+[1X5�p=;Z7[1!-?Ox5ZmZ-0762#+676>�1*,.AB+[Jo,B+6A.>L62F,B2<AB;�3!J}76>&3 H +67wJF-0ABJ<+6-?, ��k�h 3�;Z7Q,�/ H ;=1BJF-0/?/g5s,B><+6A�/0;}JM58/`3�>&�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>�-07=,B><ABOP2M3�-g58-0A.>�W;Z+6AB76-?,I+67\1.-?m=7[58/[a   � ¡ > ���[E�u�;=+[1I+6,.-0/?-g1*;=7[1X+67\�Q+[5ZA*,B:�,.A*0M1XAB2<N[5Z7[3�+P>F,Yc9;=7�Ox5ZA*^JKL62�3�> ¡ � > ��� /�u�;Z+[1�AB2M5Z/?-g1.><AB;Z7[1�3�;Z79J#+67xJF-0ABJ<+6-C,�J<;Z7[1*,.-?,.+[2#36>���J<></0/?+[/?>@1IafA.><,B58AK3rEGIH 2F,B+[3�>e1 J�1*,>0<OP>�R S¸z � VWD�-?OPNn;=1.>�+67lc6A.+[-C,�3�>fN6L[5Z1.>&a   > � �43�>f/05dN9;=A*,B><+[1.>�ps5Z/05Z7=,58+�OP;Z-07[1 ¢   ¡ � � � � / ��� ¤ � E� ��-�� - ��� # � �� #��

G >�JF-0ABJ<+6-?,�>@1 ,xJF;=7[1 ,B-C,B+62w3 H +[76>wc9;=+[JF/0>�ajpZ>MA.AB;Z+[-?/0/05ZmZ>�36>�3�2M/05Z-01P3�2@JFAB-C,B>�3[587[1/?>lJKL[58N6-?,.AB>xN6AB2MJ<2M3�>M7=,@E!k};=7=,dAB53C ;Z+�,B2M1e+67 J<-?AKJF+6-?,d3�>�A.>@JF;ZOdc6-07[58-g1*;=7j1.;ZOPOx587Q,4/0>M1

Page 106: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�[� �[�j� � ��f����� � ����I(Y � �� ���[��� �<��� TM¹ �1.-?m=7[58+6|�3�2MN6L[5Z1.2M1l>F,�+67�5ZO�N[/?-?]9J<58,.>M+6Al3�>vN6+6-g1B1.5Z7[JF>�36>   ����� 5s][7�36>�Nn;Z+6p=;Z-0AOP>M1.+6AB><A#/0>M1#c6AB+6-?,B1�3�>�N[L[5Z1.>�5s,*,B><7[36+[1<Eu�;=+[1#JKL6;Z-g1.-01B1*;=7[1�36>f1.;ZOPOP><AY/?>@1�1.-0mZ7[5Z+�|x>F|�N6AB-?OP2M1Y><7�JF;=+6AB5Z7Q,B1I>M7lJ<;Z7[1.><ABps587Q,/g541*,.AB+[Jo,B+6A.>f3�-?_n2MA.>M7=,B-?>M/?/0>ZE � , N[5Z-?AB>M1Y3�>�,BAB5Z7[1.-01*,.;=AB1I1.><ABpZ>M7Q,Y3�;Z79J�3�>�,.AK587[1BJF;=7[3�+[JF^,B><+6AK1Y5Z+�|\1*-0mZ7958+�|�R ]9m[E � E � DFE G >M1�JF;Z+[AB5Z7=,K1�R·JF;Z/0/0>MJo,B><+6AoD�A.>@1*Nn>MJF,.-?�º1Y3�>eJKL[5=�=+[>�N[5Z-?AB>1.;Z7Q,�1*;=OPO�2@1#36587[1�+676>eA.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>�3�>�JKL[58ABmZ>e� , Eu�;=+[1f5�pZ;Z791�p}+�58+�N958AK58mZAK58N[L6> � E0TZE y6q[/g5x762@JF>@1.1.-C,B2d3�>�1*;=OPO�>MA&3�>@1&1.-0mZ7[5Z+�|w36>�W;=A.OP>xJ<5ZA.AB2<>d>F,t3�>xAK58N6Nn;ZA.,�J'J�JF/0-0�Q+6>x� / �lNn;Z+6A45�p=;Z-0A&/0>POP58|�-?Od+6O 3 H 2<7[><ABmZ-0>�a�/g5�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>e3�>41.;ZA.,.-0>ZE�� /05P1.;ZA.,.-0>f36>f/g5PJF>M/?/0+6/0>4atAB>F,K58AK3rq�/?>�1.-?m=7[58/`>M7l,B><7[1.-0;Z7�>M1*,�36>�W;=A.OP>�><|�N9;=76><7Q,.-0></0/0>&><,#3�;=-C,<XF,BA.>&A.><�W;ZABOP2�Nn;Z+6A�1.>�AK58N6N6AB;�JKL6><A�3 H +676>&�W;ZABO�>eJ<5ZA.AB2<>=E{ H >M1*,dNn;Z+6AK�Q+6;Z-�/0>M1t,.AK587[1.-01*,.;=AB1t+�,.-0/0-01.2M1dN9;=+6A�/05v1*;=OPOP58,.-0;Z7 3�>@1P1*-0mZ7[5Z+�| 1*>MA.p=><7Q,5Z+[1.1.-r3 H 58OPN6/0-C]9JM5s,B><+6A4R·3�>�m=5Z-?7 � �w� , ��� � � �6 ��� JF�!][m9E � E � DFE

ϕS S S S S Sϕ

ssS S

ϕ ϕ ϕ ϕ211 2 3 3

Io Io Io

Q6Q5Q3 Q4Q2Q1

Rc Rc

�#�W��� � E � � ( AB-?7[J<-?Nn>43�>�/g5�A.>@JF;ZOdc6-07[58-g1*;=7�3�>@1�1*-0mZ7958+�|G 5�,.><791*-0;Z7�at/05t1*;=A*,B-?>&� & ;=1BJF-0/?/0>�Nn;Z+6A � � J<></0/?+6/0>M1�><7Q,.AB>d� � , ®   � � ¡ � % >F,e��� , ¢  � � ¡ � % E G 5�N[58A.,.-0>PJF;Z7Q,B-?7}+6>�3�+jJ<;Z+6AK587Q,&ps5Z/05Z7=, � , � % � ¡ qn/g5\N958A.,.-0>�J<;Z7Q,.-07}+6>d3�>�/g5,B><7[1.-?;=7xa�/05�1.;ZA.,.-0>�ps58+6, ° ±o²C³?´ ¢ � , � , � % � ¡ E � , 7[>�N9>M+�,.X<,.AB>�,.AB;ZNPm=AB5Z7[3P58+xAB-01B�Q+6>3�>eNn;Z/g58AB-01.><A#>M7l-07}pZ><AK1.>&/g5�C ;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7�c[5Z1.>F^½JF;=/?/0>MJF,.><+[A#36>M1�,.AK58791*-g1 ,B;ZAK1�c[-?Nn;Z/g58-0A.>@1<E!H�7� , mZAK587[3�N9>M+�, XF,BA.>xJF;=OPN9>M7[1*2PN[5ZAe+67 � , �º5Z-?c[/?>=E�k}-I/g5�J<;Z7Q,.AB-0c6+�,.-0;Z7j><7vc6AB+6-C,t36>J<>f3�>MA.7[-?>MAY>@1 ,�N6/0+[1Y�º58-0c6/0>�Rº></0/?>e>M1*,�3�>f,.;Z+6,.>&�º5 )F;=7�-07��W2<AB-0><+6AB>f5Z+�c6AB+6-?,#36>&/g5 �fG�G Doq/ H 5ZOPN6/?-?,.+93�>43�+�1*-0mZ7958/r3�-0O�-07}+6>4JF>��Q+6-�362<mZAK5Z36>f1.;Z7�AB5ZN6Nn;ZA.,�1.-0mZ7[5Z/`1.+6A�c6AB+6-?,ME� � -���� � � �/0 � ��� � � G >�J<-?AKJF+6-?,X>M1*,XA.2@58/0-01.2�3[587[1�+67�N6AB;�JF2M362 � -W{�hjieklRº��/ ¡ �37 �wDFE�¼½/}�W;Z+6AB76-?,�+[7P1.-0mZ7[5Z/aP+67[>��WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<> �d�W;=-01�1.+6Nn2<AB-?>M+6AB>4a\JF>M/?/0>t3�>4/ H ><7Q,.AB2<>4ax+[76>4N6+6-g1B1.5Z7[JF>43�>   � ��� �1.;Z+[1�+676>�58/0-?OP><7Q,K5s,.-0;Z7436> ¡ /� ° 1s¿W� �=E G 5�N6/g58m=>�3�>I�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1bNn;Z+6A�/g5Z�Q+6></0/0>I/?>�JF-0ABJ<+6-?,�*Ot+6/?,.-0N6/0-?>F��/g5v�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>�ps5v36>   0 > ���ja 0Q�*> ���9E 7%3�><L[;ZAK1x3�>�JF><,*,.>�N6/05ZmZ>=q/0>l7[-?p=>M58+ 3�>@1dL958ABO�;=76-g�=+[>M1P1 H 2</ 0<p=>lAK58N[-03�>MOP><7Q,�><,x/05jc9;=+[JF/0>w>M1*,\1*+[JMJF>MN�,.-0c6/0>w36>3�2@JFAB;�JKL6><A@E[� /05\�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>t3�>d�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7676>MOP><7Q,�, J}N6-g�Q+6>lR � � � ¡ �*> ���}D�/?>�JF-0ABJ<+6-?,3�AK58-076>f+67�JF;=+6AB5Z7Q,����   � � µ EN "����� �Y������� � � = � � ���� � ���"�I� � �����

u�;=+[1�A.>MOx58AK�=+[;Z7[1�1*+[A�/g5t][mZ+6AB> � E �e/g5tN6+[-01B1.5Z7[JF>f-0O�Nn;ZA.,B5Z7Q,.>e3�>M1�L[5ZA.OP;Z7[-0�Q+6>@13�>l/05��WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>l3�>lA.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>ZE G >M1dL[5ZA.OP;Z7[-0�Q+6>@14N[5Z-?AB>M1t>F,P-?OPN[5Z-?AB>M1tN6A.;sp}-0><767[><7Q,

Page 107: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TM¹ � ������������� �6�������%��� � �½��� �<����� �<����$&����(����� �d��3�>�/g5x3�-01.Nn><AK1*-0;Z7w3�>�/g5Pp�5Z/?>M+6A�3�>@1�JF;=OPN9;Q1.5Z7=,K1�>F,&3�>@1�3�[email protected][58-0AB><OP><7Q,B1#3�>@1�N[5Z-?AB>M13�-?_n2MA.>M7=,B-?>M/?/0>M14-?7[36+6-C,B>M1d3�>M1tp�5ZA.-g5s,B-?;=7[1�3�>\N[A.;�JF2@3�2ZE G >x76-0pZ>@58+ 3 H 2<76>MA.m=-?>\3�>@1�L[5ZA*^OP;Z76-g�Q+6>M1�-0OPN[58-0AB>M1�>@1 ,4L6;=OP;Zm�0M76>x5�pZ>@JxJF><+6|v�Q+6>x76;=+[1�Nn;Z+6ABA.-0;Z79145s,.,.><793�A.>\3 H +67N6AB;}J<2M3�2�3�;Z7[7[587Q,&+[76>�36-01.N9>MAB1.-0;Z7�3�> � � � � RW2@�nE � E U[q � E?T@¹=D�1.+6Af/?>@1fp�5Z/?>M+6AK1&3�>@1&JM5s^N[5ZJ<-C,B2M1����w;Z+w3�>M1�AB2M1.-g1 ,K587[J<>M1#3�>�J<5Z7[58/b3�>@1����bE

�#�W��� � E ���wk�N9>@Jo,.AB>�OP>M1.+6AB24N9;=+6A�+67[>��WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>43�>4AB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>�3�> ¡ �*> ���P><,�Nn;Z+6A� , � �lR � ´ �   � ¡ > � �QD

u�;Z+91dAB>F,BA.;=+6pZ;=7[14/ H 58/0/?+6AB>l36+�1.N9>@Jo,.AB>w3�>lc[A.+6-?,x5s,*,B><7[36+�J<;ZOPOP>�/0>lOP;Z7Q,BA.>�/05][mZ+[A.> � E U�; � 1.;Z7Q,\AB><N6AB2M1.><7Q,B2M1P/0>M1�1.Nn>MJo,BA.>@1P,.L[2<;ZAB-g�=+[>�>F,�OP>M1.+6AB2�>F,�/0>M1\N9>MA*�W;=A*^Ox587[J<>M1e3�+�mZ2M762<AK5s,B><+6Ae3�>\1.-?m=7[58+�| R k�h���H 3�>���;ZL[36>M1e>F,tk�JKL��#58A.,.:�D��Q+6-��W;=+6A.7[-C,/?>41.-0mZ7[5Z/`36>�A.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>ZE G >436-01.N9;Q1*-?,.-?��>F|�N92MA.-0OP><7Q,B5Z/bJF;=O�N[A.>M7[3�+[7w5ZOPN6/?-?]9JM5s,.>M+6A�3�>¡ � ��� 1.+6N6N6/02<OP><7Q,K58-?,.>P><7 1.;ZA.,.-0>dNn><ABOP>F,*,K587Q,t3�>POP>M1.+6AB><A�/0>M1e76-0pZ>@58+�|�3�>xc[A.+6-?,\Rºa/ H 587958/ J}1.><+[A�3�>#1.N9>@Jo,.AB> �k �%3�>���;ZL[36>M1��4k�JKL���5ZA*,B:@Dr3 H +67P1*-0mZ7958/}3�>�1*;=A*,B-?>�3�>YN[+6-01*^1.5Z7[JF>   ����� � RW/0>4JF-0ABJ<+6-C,�1.;ZA.,�+[7�1.-?m=7[58/r3�>eN6+[-01B1.5Z7[JF> ¢   ��� � ��DoE G 5 (�G�G -07Q,.>MA.76>3�>�/ H 587[5Z/WJ�1.><+6AfNn><ABO�><,e36>�OP>@1*+6AB><A ¢   ¡ � � � / ��� ¤ � a   ��L ����3�>d/g5lN9;=A*,B><+[1.>ZE G >c6AB+6-C,�3�+41*-0mZ7958/Z3�>�A.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>X>M1*,�N6AB2<Nn;Z7[3�2MAB5Z7Q,!C +[1.�Q+[a�0Q�Z��L ����3�>I/g58Nn;ZA.,.>M+[1.>ZE<u�;Z+[1A.><,.AB;Z+6p=;Z7[1�>M7[1*+[-C,B>�/?>�76-?p=>M5Z+P36>�c6AB+6-C,YN6A.2@3�-?,�N[58A�/05eOP;�3�2</0-g1.58,.-0;Z7�,.L62M;ZAB-0�Q+6>=E=u�;Z+[1A.>MOx58AK�=+[;Z7[1�>F_`>MJo,B-?p=><OP><7Q,#�=+[>&/g5tcn;Z+9JF/0>&5s,.,.2M7Q+[>&/0>&c[A.+6-?,C +[1.�Q+ H a4/g5t�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>&3�>JF;=+6N6+6AB>�5s,.,.>M7[3�+6>vR � �Z�*> ���}DoEbu�;Z+[1tOP>F,*,B;Z7[1�58-07[1.-�>M7 2<p}-g3�><7[J<>\+67 N[L62<76;=OY0<76>�Q+6-I7 H 5�ps58-?,eN95Z1e><79JF;ZAB>�2F,.2\362MJFAB-?,eN[A.2@JF-g1*2MO�>M7Q,�3[587[1e/g5�/?-?,*,B2<AK5s,.+[A.>=Ebu�;Z+91�A.><,.AB;Z+�^pZ;=7[1t+[76>��W;=A.OP>�, JQN[-0�Q+6>w3�+�1.Nn>MJo,BA.>�3 H +676>wJF></0/0+6/?>=E G 5�36-?OP-07Q+6,.-0;Z7 m=AB5=3�+6>M/?/0>l3�+c6AB+6-C,��Q+6>e/ H ;=7l;=c[1.><ABpZ>fN6A.;sp}-0><7Q,�3�+�][/?,.AK58mZ>e3�+wc6AB+6-?,�-?7Q,.AB;�3�+6-?,�N[58A�+67[>4JF></0/0+6/?>=Eu�;Z+91�OP>M1.+6A.;=7[1�+67�c6AB+6-?,�36>�N6L[5Z1.>�58+�,B;Z+6A�36> ¢   ¡ ����� � / ��� ¤ � a   > ���P3�>�/05N9;=A*,B><+[1.>�Ox5Z-01Y-?/`>@1 ,#at76;Z,.>MA��Q+ H atJ<>F,*,B>��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>&-?/`>@1 ,�76>F,.,.><OP>M7=,�3�2MmZAK5Z3�2�N[58A�/05

Page 108: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�[� �[�j� � ��f����� � ����I(Y � �� ���[��� �<��� TM¹ �

104

105

106

107

108

−135

−130

−125

−120

−115

−110

Fréquences en Hz

Pui

ssan

ce e

n dB

c

Spectre de sortie

Contribution du générateurContribution théorique de la celluleSpectre théoriqueSpectre mesuré

���W�Y� � E Ut��{Y;ZOPN[58AK58-g1.;Z7�3�>@1#c6AB+6-C,K1�3�>�N6L95Z1.>fOP>@1*+6AB2e>F,#,.L[2<;ZAB-g�=+[>J<;Z7Q,.AB-?c[+�,.-0;Z7�3�>d/05�A.2@1*-g1*,B5879JF>4�K9x><,f�Q+6>�JF>F,.,.>dN9>MA*�W;=A.Ox5879JF>4Nn><+�, XF,BA.>t76>F,.,.><OP>M7=,5ZO�2M/?-0;ZAB2<>d><7v2<p}-?,B587Q,�/ H 2<,B58m=>�36>xN9;=/05ZA.-g1.58,.-0;Z7bEb{Y>M1eNn><A.�W;ZABOx587[J<>M1f1*;=7Q,�1.+��\1B587Q,.>@1Nn;Z+6AfAB2M58/0-g1*>MA&3�>@1�;Q1.J<-?/0/058,.>M+6AB1�/?;�JM58+�|�3�>d�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>M1�-?7Q,.2MA.OP2@3�-05Z-?AB>M1�]6|�>�3[587[1f3�>M15ZABJKL6-?,.>@Jo,B+6A.>@1�L62F,B2<AB;}3 JQ7[>4aPc9;=+[JF/0>43�>�OP;�3�+6/g5s,.-0;Z7�E[u�;=+[1�Nn;Z+6ABA.-0;Z791�, JQN[-0�Q+6>MO�>M7Q,/0>M1�A.><,.AB;Z+6p=><A�365Z7[1�36>M1f58N6N6/0-gJ<5s,B-?;=7[1�36>tAK5Z3�-0;8^½JF;=O�Od+676-gJ<58,.-0;Z7wa\c[5Z7[3�>42<,.AB;Z-?,.>d36>, J}Nn>e�&h ( k�;=+l¼*k�h E� � �� � � = � ����� �� � "�=Q�U

u�;=+[1XAB>MJKL6>MABJKL[;Z7[1�5�pZ>@J�/g5eOP>M1.+6AB>�3�+Pc6A.+[-C,X,B><OPN9;=A.>M/[aeps58/0-036><AX/ H ;=AB3�AB>�3�>�m=AB5Z7�^3�>M+6AX3�>M1�N6+[-01B1.5Z7[JF>@1!36>Yc6AB+6-?,I58+�|41.;ZA.,.-0>�3�>@1�JF></0/0+6/?>@1�a�AB>F,K58AK3rE G 5�]9mZ+6AB> � E � OP;Z7Q,.AB>/0>M1Xm=-?m=+6>M1�OP>@1*+6AB2<>@1X1*+[AI+676>�Nn2<AB-?;�3�> � � 3�+\1.-0mZ7[5Z/63�>�A.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>ZEs/g5emZ-0mZ+6>�5Z+6mZOP>M7=,B>J<;ZOPOP>\76;Z+91t/ H 5�p=;Z7[1t>F|�N6/0-0�Q+62�36587914/ H 2<,.+[3�>l,.L[2<;ZAB-g�=+[>ZE!u�;Z+[1�5Z1B1.-?OP-0/?>MA.;=7[1476;Z,.AB>m=-?m=+6>�,.L62M;ZAB-0�Q+6>w»%a�/ H 2MJM58A.,x, J}N9>�3�;=76762�N[5ZAx/ H 58N[N[58AB><-0/�3�>�OP>M1.+6AB>�� 6´ & & � %'& E G 5m=-?m=+6>dOP>@1*+6AB2<>PawJKL[5Z�Q+6>d�WAB;Z7Q,41*+[JMJF>@1.1.-C�º1eJ<;ZABA.>@1*Nn;Z7[3j58+�|�m=-?m=+6>M1e5Z+�|j1.;ZA.,.-0>M1e3�>M1J<></0/?+6/0>M1ME[u�;Z+[1&1*+6N[N9;Q1*;=7[1��Q+6>4/0>tJF-0AKJF+6-?,&JF;=7Q,.AB-?c6+[>4N9;=+6A�+67[>tN6+6-g1B1.5Z7[JF>4J<;Z7[1*,B5Z7=,B>3�>tc6A.+[-C, � 6, & , �Q+6>476;=+[1�3�>MpZ;Z791�A.><,.AK587[JKL[><A�aP/g5xN6+6-g1.1B5879JF>43�>4c[A.+6-?,�OP>M1.+6AB2<>�Nn;Z+6AAB>F,BA.;=+6pZ>MA�/?>�c6AB+6-?,e3�>�76;Q1&J<></0/?+6/0>M1ME ( ;Z+6Ae1*-0OPN6/0-C][>MAe/?>�J<58/gJF+[/�7[;Z+[1f1*+[N6N9;Q1*;=7[1f�=+[>/g5�mZ-0mZ+6>�1.>e362MJF;=OPN9;Q1*>�3�>e/g5t�º5*)F;=7w1.+6-0ps587Q,.>P¾» 6´ & & � %'& � 1 ��� � 6, & , ® 1 » 6,

u�;=+[1Y><7�3�2@3�+6-g1*;=7[1I>M7�+�,B-?/0-g1.5Z7=,�/ H 2M�Q+[58,.-0;Z7xN6AB2MJ<2M3�>M7Q,.>�Nn;Z+6A 1 �   ><, 1 � � , /g5ps58/0><+[A�3�>emZ-0mZ+6>eABOP1�36+w1.-0mZ7[5Z/b3�>�1*;=A*,B-?>P¾» , � � » 6´ & & � %+& � � , � ¢ � 6´ & & � %'& �   �� , ¢  

Page 109: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TM¹=U ������������� �6�������%��� � �½��� �<����� �<����$&����(����� �d��

1 2 3 4 5 6 76

8

10

12

14

16

18

Sorties des cellules

Jitte

r en

ps

Bruits aux sorties des cellules

�#�W�Y� � E � � �f-0mZ+[>fOP>@1*+6AB2<>�3�+�1.-?m=7[58/r3�>41.;ZA.,.-0>�a   � ¡ > ���

G 54m=-?m=+6>�ABOP1�mZ2M762<AB2<>�N958A�+[76>&J<></0/?+6/0>�ps58+6, � � ��,K587[36-01��Q+6>�/g543�><AB76- 0<AB>�3�2MN[5Z1B1*>/?2Mm�0MA.>MO�>M7Q,   � � �=EI{Y>M1dA.2@1*+6/?,B58,B1�1*;=7Q,�JF;=L62<AB><7Q,K1d5�p=>MJ�J<>l�Q+6>�N9>M+�,xN6AB2M3�-0A.>l76;8,BA.>�W;ZABOt+6/g5s,B-?;=7l3�+�c6AB+6-?,��º5Z-C,B>43658791Y/0>�JKL[58N[-C,BA.>fN6AB2MJF2@3�><7Q,@E9{Y><Nn><7[365Z7Q,#7[;8,.AB>fO�;�3�2M/?-?^1.58,.-0;Z7P76>�J<;Z7[1.-03 0<AB>#�Q+6>�/0>M1Ic6A.+[-C,K1Ic6/g587[JM1I58/0;ZAK1��Q+6>�,.;=+�,X, J}N9>&3�>�c6AB+6-C,Y>F|�-01*,.>�3[587[1+67�JF-0ABJ<+6-?,MEn{Y>M/05PNn><+�,KX<,.AB>�><7wN[5ZA*,B-0J<+6/?-0><A�aP/ H ;ZAB-?m=-?76>e3�+�N6-gJ�3�>�m=-?m=+6>e;Zc[1.><ABpZ2eaP/051*;=A*,B-?>�3�>e/g5d,.AB;Z-g1*- 0<OP>�JF>M/?/0+6/0>ZEN � !FN N ���I�� � � ��� ��

� ;Z-gJF-�+676>d5ZN6N6/0-0JM5s,B-?;=7�7Q+[O�2MA.-g�Q+6>tOP;=7=,BAB5Z7Q,�/?>@1�Nn><A.�W;ZABOx587[J<>M1�3 H +67[> (�G!G �Q+6-1 J}7Q,.L[2F,.-g1.>&+67[>&�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>e3�>   � ¡ > ���datN958A.,.-0A#3 H +67[>&�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>e3�> ¡ � > ���d36;Z7�^762<>tN[58A&+67�;=1BJF-0/0/058,.><+[A�a\�Q+[58A.,.:\RW][m[E � E0TM¹QDoE G 5P�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>t3�>dm=5Z-?7�3�>dc9;=+[JF/0>4+676-?^,B5Z-?AB>�ps58+�, � , � �Z��L � �[E8u�;Z+[1�][|};=7[1X/0>M1�N9>MA*�W;=A.Ox5879JF>M1X36+ � {�i�¾Q1*;=7�mQ58-07 2 � , ;��� � > ��� / ° ¤ � q � , � �   ��L � �dR ¢ � ��� � � / ��� ¤ � D!><, � , 6 � 0=� > ����R ¢   � � � � � / ��� ¤ � DJF>M/?/0>M1�36+wJ<;ZOPN[5ZAB58,.><+[A#36>4N6L[5=1*>P¾ 2 , 9��   /�   � ¤ � µ / ����� ¤ � qn3�+�][/C,BA.>43 H ;=AB3�AB>�yP>F,3�+ � Á 3 H ;ZAK3�AB>ez6E G >41.-?m=7[58/r3�>�AB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>�3�;=7676>e+67wc6AB+6-?,�3�> ¢   0�� ��� � / ��� ¤ � EG >ec6AB+6-C,�3�>eN6L95Z1.>&>@1 ,#-?76�W2<AB-?>M+6A�a ¢   �Z����� � / � � ¤ � 1*+[A�+676>fc[587[36>e36>   �Z��L ���9E� 3�>@1��WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>M14N6A.;�JKL6>@143�>\/g5wNn;ZA.,.><+91*>=q!J H >M1*,t/0>\c6AB+6-?,d3�>\/g5wA.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>\�Q+6-�>@1 ,N6AB2M3�;=O�-076>M7=,@E ( +6-g14a�OP>@1*+6AB>x�Q+6>d/ H ;Z7�1*>PAK58N6N6AB;�JKL6>d36>�/g5l�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>�36>PJ<;Z+6N[+6A.>R �Z��L ���}D!/?>&c6AB+6-C,�3�+ � {�i�>F,�/0>�c6AB+6-?,Y3�+x][/?,.AB>tR·� 6 DI1.;Z7Q,I/?>@1�J<;Z7Q,.AB-?c[+�,.>M+6AB1IN6A.-07[J<-C^N[58+6|`E���+l3�>M/0a�3�>e/05t�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>&36>eJ<;Z+6N[+6A.>=q=/ H -?7��9+6><7[J<>�3�>f� 6 3�-0O�-07}+6>&,B58793�-01#�Q+6>/?>ec6AB+6-?,�7[>e362<Nn><7[3lN6/0+[1��Q+6>�3�>fJ<></0+6-b3�+ � {�idE��   > ����3�>e/05dN9;=A*,B><+[1.>Zq}/0>ec6A.+[-C,ps58+�, ¢   ��� � � / ��� ¤ � E( ;=+6A�+67 1>J}1*,>0MOP>P36>\JF>�, J}N9>=qb/05w1.;Z/0+�,.-0;Z7 �fG�G >M1*,4OP><-0/?/0><+[A.>x�Q+6>x/g5�1.;Z/0+�,B-?;=7(�G�G C +91.�Q+ H aP+676>��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>�3�> Z�Z��L ����3�>�/g5PN9;=A*,B><+[1.>Zq[5ZN6A*0M1��Q+6;Z-�/05 (�G!G mZA �ZJ<>58+�A.2@1*;=7[5s,B><+6A G {'Nn><+�,�][/?,.AB><A�1.;Z7�c6AB+6-?,�36>�N6L[5Z1.>ZE � 58791#/05�c[5Z7[3�> � � / / Z�=��L � � � /05�&G!G 5d58-07[1*-n+67lc6-?>M7\OP><-0/?/0><+[AYc6AB+6-?,Y><,�76;Z,.AB>&1>J�1 ,*0<OP>�Nn><+�,�5�pZ;=-?AIC +91.�Q+ H a ¡ � � � 3�>c6AB+6-C,�>M7lOP;=-?7[1ME

Page 110: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�[� �[�j� � ��f����� � ����I(Y � �� ���[��� �<��� TM¹ �

�#�W��� � E?T@¹���k}Nn>MJF,.AB>�3 H +[76> (�G�G m=2<762MAB5Z7Q,�+67�1.-?m=7[58/ba�T@U=zdh���:������� �� �3���������I� � �� � N.N �� ! � � �� �U� �SR������ ���

H�7[>j58N[N6/?-gJ<58,.-0;Z7'3�>@1�/0-0mZ76>@1�a AB>F,K58AK3%5 2F,B2�,.>M7Q,.2�N958A ( 5Z+6/ �fAK5UJ�S¸z � VfNn;Z+6A3�>@1�JF-0ABJ<+6-?,B1�3�>P76;=A.OP>P¼*kQ^KTMy �x+�,.-0/0-01.2<>@143658791&/g5l,.2M/?2MN6L6;Z7[-?>xOP;Zc[-?/0>x1*+6A�/0>POx58AKJKL6276;=AB3%5ZOP2<AB-0JM58-07bE G >j1>JQ7Q,BL62F,B-01.><+6A�AB2M58/0-g1*2�m=2<7 0MA.>�+676>j�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>�3�> � ¹Z¹ h���:vaN[5ZA*,B-?A&3 H +[7�;=1BJF-0/?/g5s,B><+6A&ax�=+958A.,.:ta�T@¹Z¹xh���:ZEnu�;Z+91�5�pZ;=7[1�OP;Z7Q,BA.2�N6AB2MJ<2M3�>MOPO�>M7Q,�Q+6>l/?>lc6A.+[-C,�N6/05Z7[JKL6>MAd3�>MpQ-0><7Q,�AB5ZN6-036><OP><7Q,t+67 �º5ZJF,.><+[Ad/0-?OP-?,B58,.-?��>F,P�=+[>�/ H 2M76><ABmZ-0>5Z+�|%L[58ABOP;Z76-g�Q+6>M1�3�>v/05 �WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>v36>jAB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>j2F,B5Z-C,w-0O�Nn;ZA.,B5Z7Q,.>ZE ( ;Z+[A�N958/0-?>MAJ<>M1�N6AB;Zc6/ 0<OP>M1P><,\5s,*,B><-07[3�AB>w/?>@1x1*Nn2MJ<-C]9JM5s,B-?;=7[1�pQ-g1.2<>M1MqX-0/�>M1*,P7[2MJF>@1.1B58-0AB>�3 H +�,B-?/0-01.><A+67�][/?,.AB>jAB2M1.;Z7679587Q,�3�>j�º5ZJF,.>M+6A�3�>v�Q+[5Z/?-?,.2vNn;Z+6ps587Q,wA.>@1 ,B><Al�º58-0c6/0>ZE GIH -?7Q,B2<A*XF,w>M1*,3�>lc92M762F]nJF-0><Ax3�>M1�AB><Ox58AK�Q+[58c[/?>@1�N9>MA*�W;=A.Ox5Z7[JF>@1t>M7 c6AB+6-?,P3�>�N6L[5=1*>�3�>M1 �fG�G 58+�|�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1�N6AB;�JKL6>M1e3�>P/g5�Nn;ZA.,.>M+[1.>d><,�3 H 58,*,.>M-?793�A.>PJF>M/?/0>M1fAB>M�Q+6-g1*>@1e58+�|��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1N6/0+[1#2M/?;=-?m=762<>@1#mZA �ZJF>ea�+67�][/?,.AB> G {&En{Y>M/05�Nn><ABO�><,�3 H 2<p}-C,B><A�/ H +6,.-0/?-g1.58,.-0;Z7�3 H +67�][/?,.AB>G { 36>��º5ZJF,.><+[Al3�>��Q+[5Z/?-?,.2�2</0><pZ2j�=+[>�/ H ;Z7%AB>F,BA.;=+6pZ>�3[587[1�/?>@1\OP;Z7Q,B5ZmZ>@1x3�>�, J}Nn>{Y;=/?N6-?,*,K1<E� � -�� � . ��� ��4� #����

u�;=+[1e5�pZ;=7[1�N6AB;ZNn;=1.2d3[587[1eJF>PJKL[5ZN6-C,BA.>d+676>P76;=+6pZ>M/?/0>4�W;=A.Od+6/058,.-0;Z7�36+jc6AB+6-?,e36>N6L95Z1.>Y3�>�JF>@1�1 J�1*,>0<OP>@1<E�u�;=+[1�5�pZ;Z791�>M7tN[5ZA*,B-0J<+6/?-0><A�OP;Z7Q,BA.>MA!/ H -07��[+[><7[J<>#36>Y/g5�cn;Z+9JF/0>1.+6A#/?>ec6AB+6-?,�3�>eN6L[5Z1.>eJF;Z7Q,BAB5Z-?AB><OP><7Q,#adJ<>e�Q+6>eNn;Z+6ps5Z-?>M7=,#N6AB2M3�-0AB>&/0>M1#OP;�3!0</0>M1#N[A.2<^J<2M3�>M7=,K1<EYu�;Z+91\5�pZ;=7[1POP;Z7Q,.AB><Ax>M7%;Z+�,BA.>��Q+6>�/0>M1�N9>MA*�W;=A.Ox5879JF>M1x58,*,B><-07=,B>M1xN958A�J<>, J}Nn>\3�>�1>J}1*,>0MOP>xN9>MA.OP>F,.,.>M7=,�3 H +6,.-0/?-g1*>MAt3�>@1 �fG�G 1tJF;ZOPOP>xc[5=1*>\3�>l1 J}7Q,.L62<,.-g1*>M+6AK13�>��WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>M1X-07Q,.><ABOP2M3�-g58-0AB>M1�]6|�>@1�365Z7[1I3�>@1�58AKJKL6-?,.>@Jo,.+[A.>@1XL62F,B2<AB;�3!J}76>M1Xc95Z1.2<>M1�1*+6A+67[>�cn;Z+[J</?>f3�>&OP;�3�+6/g5s,B-?;=7�RºJF��{YL[5ZN6-C,BA.>dT@DFE �fA �ZJ<>&a4/0><+[A��Q+[5Z/?-?,.2&><7\c6AB+6-?,�N[A.;�JKL6>=q76;=+[1INn;Z+[A.AB-?;=7[1X/0>M1�A.><,.AB;Z+6p=><AI365Z7[1�3�>@1Y5ZN6N6/0-0JM5s,B-?;=7[1XAK5Z3�-0;&�*c[587[36>�2F,BA.;=-C,B>o��3�>�, J}Nn>� ( h�kj;Z+�¼*k�h RW7[;ZABO�>@1�3�>P,.2M/?2MN6L6;=76-?>xOP;=c6-?/0>xNn;Z+6A�/0>xOx58AKJKL62P76;ZAK3j5ZOP2<AB-0JM58-079D5�p=>MJ4/ H 5Z3UC ;=7[Jo,B-?;=7j3 H +67v][/?,.AB> G {&E!{Y>F,�;=1BJF-0/?/g5s,B><+6Ae/0;�J<58/�AB2M5Z/?-g1.5Zc6/0>d5�pZ>@J4+67[>d,B>MJKL�^

Page 111: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TZT@¹ ������������� �6�������%��� � �½��� �<����� �<����$&����(����� �d��76;Z/0;Zm=-?>�hjiek Nn><+6,5XF,.AB>�-?7Q,.2MmZAB2l365Z7[1�/?>�J<-?AKJF+6-?,Pc[587[36>�3�>wc[5=1*>=E G >l,B58c[/?>@58+ � E z�º58-?,d+67[>l1>JQ7Q,BL 0M1.>�3�>@1t3�-?_n2MA.>M7[JF>@14Ox5�C >M+6AB>M14>M7Q,.AB>M14+[7 1 J�1*,>0MO�>�c[5Z1.2\/0>M1dc9;=+[JF/0>M1a�p=><ABA.;=+6-0/?/g58m=>t3�>PN6L[5=1*>�R (YG�G D&><,4/ H 58+�,BA.>�c[5=1*2P1*+[Af/0>M1ecn;Z+9JF/0>M1�alpZ><ABAB;Z+6-0/?/g58m=>t3�>3�2</g58-g1�R �fG�G DoE

(�G!G �fG�G6AB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1Yps5ZA.-g58c6/0> i&+6- u�;=7� A.+[-C,�3�>eN6L95Z1.> h�>M-?/0/0><+6A�>M7�c[A.+6-?,�/0;Z-07=,K58-07 h�><-0/0/?>M+6A�;Z+�2M�Q+6-0ps58/0><7Q,�><7�c6AB+6-C,�N[A.;�JKL6>�-0/C,BA.>43�>ecn;Z+[J</?> |Q,B><AB76> ¼½7=,B2<m=A.2{Y;Z791*;=O�Ox58,.-0;Z7 � ¢ � � µ � � µk}+6A.�º5ZJ<>   � � 6 � / ��� � 6

� ���!� � E z4��{Y;ZOPN[5ZAB58,.-?��3�>@1�1 J�1*,>0<OP>@1 (�G�G p�1 �fG�G

Page 112: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��������� � �

� � � "��������)��� "$# ������� #

G 5fOd+6/C,B-?N[/?-gJ<58,.-0;Z7x3�>M1�7[;ZABO�>@1X58+P1*>M-?7P3 H +67POYX<OP>�JF-0ABJ<+6-?,�;=c6/0-?m=>�/g5fN6AB2M1.><7[J<>#36>N6/0+[1.-?>M+6AK1�;=1BJF-0/?/g5s,B><+6AK1�ax�Q+[58A.,.:�Nn;Z+[A��W;Z+[A.76-0A�/0>M1�36-C_`2<AB><7Q,.>@1��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1�762MJ<>M1B1.5Z-?AB>5Z+�|j,BAB5Z-C,B><OP><7Q,K1t3�+ 1.-0mZ7[5Z/·EX{ H >@1 ,tNn;Z+[AB�Q+6;=-�/g5�1.;Z/0+�,.-0;Z7 ;=N�,.-0Ox58/0>�RWNn;Z+6AP3�>@14AK58-?^1.;Z7[1�2@JF;Z7[;ZOP-0�Q+6>@1BDY1.><AK58-?,#3�>�Nn;Z+[pZ;Z-0A#mZ2M762<AB><A#JF>@1��WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>M1�adN[58A.,.-0A�3 H +676>�1*>M+6/0>�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>f�W;Z+[A.76-0>eN[58A�+[7�;Q1.J<-?/0/g5s,.>M+6A�aP�=+958A.,.:ZEG >�AB><N[A.;�JKL6>e�Q+6>e76;Z+[1#Nn;Z+[A.AB-?;=7[1#3�;Z79Jf�º58-0A.>�58+w1>JQ7Q,BL62F,B-01.><+6A�N[A.2@JF2M36><7Q,Mq61.><AK58-?,�Q+6>\J<>P36><AB76-?>MA47 H >M1*,tJ<5ZN[58c6/0>x3�>\1>JQ7Q,BL62F,B-01.><At�Q+ H +676>P�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>POd+6/C,B-?N[/?>�RºN[58At+6776;=Otc6AB>�>M7Q,.-0><AoD�3 H +676>j�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>�3�>jAB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>=EY¼½/e>@1 ,�58-07[1.-e36-C�\JF-0/0>v3�>vNn;Z+6p=;Z-0A1>J}7=,BL62F,B-01.><A#+67[>e�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>e�Q+6-�>M1*,#+[76>e�WAB5=Jo,B-?;=7�3�>�/g5d�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>�3�>�A.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>ZEu�;=+[1�58/0/?;=7[1bN6AB;ZNn;=1.><A!36587[1�JF>YJKL[58N6-?,.AB>�+[7tJF-0ABJ<+6-?,!;ZAB-0mZ-07[58/8c95Z1.2<>�1.+6A�+676>�cn;Z+9JF/0>adpZ>MA.AB;Z+6-0/0/05ZmZ>�3�>�3�2M/05Z-01#AB2<Nn;Z7936587Q,�a�J<>F,.,.>�1*Nn2MJ<-C]nJ<5s,B-?;=7bE9{Y>eJF-0ABJ<+6-C,�Nn;Z+6ABAK58-?, X<,.AB>5Z+ Ot+[/C,B-?N6/0-0><+6A\3�>l�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>M1P3�+ JKL[5ZN6-C,BA.>�N6AB2MJ<2M3�>M7=,xJF>��Q+6>�/05 (�G!G av3�-0p}-01.-?;=7�WAK5ZJF,.-0;Z7676>M/?/0>f>M1*,�ad/g5 (�G�G aP3�-0p}-01.-0;Z7w><7Q,.- 0<AB>ZEG >�J<-?AKJF+6-?,��Q+6>e/ H ;Z7lp�5�2<,.+[3�-0><A�AB><Nn;=1.>e1*+6A�/g5dO�;�3�+[/058,.-0;Z7w3�>eN6L[5Z1.>e3 H +[7w1.-0mZ7[5Z/3�>�A.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>ZE G ;ZAK1.�Q+6>X/g5�OP;�3�+6/g5s,.-0;Z745Z76mZ+[/05Z-?AB>XJF;ZABAB>M1.N9;=7[3ea#+676>�ps5ZA.-g5s,B-?;=7f/0-0762M5Z-?AB>3�>f/g5tN6L95Z1.>&58+�JF;=+6AB1�3�+�,.><OPN[1Mq�/ H ;=N92MAB58,.-0;Z7\AB><p}-0><7Q,#at+676>�1>JQ7Q,BL 0M1.>&3�>&�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>ZEGIH ;Zc C >MJo,B-C��3�>�JF>�JKL[5ZN6-?,.AB>�>@1 ,\3�>�N[A.2@1*>M7=,B><AxJF><,*,B>�58N6N6/0-gJ<5s,B-?;=7�><,\3 H 2<,B5Zc6/?-0Ax/g5,BL62<;=A.-0>�36>\1*;=7�N6AB-?79JF-0N9>=E���N6A*0M1�5�p=;Z-0Af362F,B5Z-?/0/02�/0>\JF-0AKJF+6-?,�A.2@58/0-01.2�3[587[1e+67�N6AB;�JF2@3�2� -W{�hjiek`q876;=+[1XJF;=7��WAB;Z7Q,.>MA.;=7[1�/?>@1XA.2@1*+[/C,K5s,B1�3�>�/ H >F|�Nn2<AB-?OP>M7=,K5s,B-?;=7P5Z+�|d2M/?>MOP><7Q,B1I36>,BL62<;=A.-0>&2M76;Z79JF2M1ME � ����� ����� �� � � � �!����� � � ��� � � � ����� ��

G 5&OP2F,BL6;�3�>Y>@1 ,I3�-?_`2<AB><7Q,.>#3658791!/0>#J<5Z36A.>Y7Q+[O�2MA.-g�Q+6>ZE�H�76>#c9;=+[JF/0>�a&pZ>MA.AB;Z+[-?/0/05ZmZ>3�>�N6L[5Z1.>YJ<;ZOPNn;=1.2<>�3�> � , JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1�a�A.><,B5ZAB3fNn><ABO�><,�3 H ;Zc6,.><7[-?A � , N6L[5=1*>@1�3�-?_n2MA.>M7Q,.>M13 H +67POYX<OP>�1*-0mZ7958/bR ]9m[E � E0T@DFEs¼½/[1.+��P,�3�;Z7[J#3�>�JKL[;Z-g1*-0AX58+PJF;Z+[AB1�3�+�,.>MOPN[1X+676>#N6L95Z1.>N[5ZA.OP-`,B;Z+�,B>M1#Nn;Z+6A�AB2M5Z/?-g1*>MA#76;8,BA.>eOP;�3�+6/g5s,.-0;Z7�7}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>�3�>�N[L[5Z1.>ZE�!p�5Z7Q,x36>l�W;=A.Ox5Z/?-g1*>MAxJF>F,.,.>wOP;�3�+6/g5s,.-0;Z7�7}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>=qI3�2F]976-01B1.;Z7[1P�Q+6></g�Q+6>M1�ps5s^AB-05Zc6/0>M1f¾k};=-?>M7=,�¾TZT=T

Page 113: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TZT�z ���&��� ����� �}�l�!��� �#$l�!����� �<����$&%���&�&)}

∆ϕ u ∆ϕ u ∆ϕ u ∆ϕ u

ϕ0

ϕ0 Nc

2π+ ϕ0 Nc

+ 6πϕ0 Nc

+ 4π ϕ0 + 2π

���W�Y� � E0T&�5H�76>�/0-?m=76>�aPA.><,B58AK3� , ¾�/0>�76;=Otc6AB>�3�>�JF></0/0+6/?>@1�a�A.><,B5ZAB3rEÁt»�

� � �� �

¾6/0>43�2MJM58/g58mZ>&,.>MOPN9;=A.>M/r+676-?,B58-0AB>ZEu ¾6/?>�7[;ZOtc[A.>e3�>43�2@J<58/g58m=>M1Y,.>MOPN9;=A.>M/01#><_n>@Jo,.+[2M1�aPJKL[5=�=+[>fJ<;Z+6N�3 H L6;ZAB/0;ZmZ>=E� ¾�/g5POP;�JZ><7[76>f36+w1.-0mZ7[5Z/b3�>�1*;=A*,B-?>�3�+ � Á Rº/05�OP;�3�+6/g5s,B-?;=7�-0OPN9;Q1*2M>@DFE� � ¾6/g5t�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>�3�>�/g5�A.2<�W2<AB><7[J<>ZE��� ���º�*�f¾6/g5dN[L[5Z1.>�3�+�1*-0mZ7[5Z/b3�>�1*;=A*,B-?>��� £ ���!� ¡���� � �*�f¾[/05d�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7�3�+�1.-?m=7[58/r3�>�AB2F�W2MA.>M7[JF>��� ���W�*�&¾[J<></0/?>43�+�1.-?m=7[58/r3�>41.;ZA.,.-0>

���º�*��� £ � �d� �}¡���� � � ® � �#�W�*�*� R � E0T@D����" � " . ��� *��� � �/#���� � ��� � �'��� �/# ������� ������ 5Z7[1�76;8,BA.>f1 J�1*,>0<OP>=qQ+[7l1.2</0>MJo,B-?;=7676>M+6A�36>&N6L95Z1.>&3�2<,.><ABOP-?7[>fadJKL[5Z�Q+6>&76;Z+6p=>M5Z+�WA.;=7Q,�3�>f1*;=7\L6;ZAB/0;ZmZ>�/g547[;Z+6p=></0/?>&N6L[5Z1.>&36+�1*-0mZ7958/`atJF;=7[1.-03�2MA.>MAME GIH ;ZAK3�A.> ���W�*�Y3�>f/05JF;=O�Ox5Z7[3�>&36>f1B58+�,#3�>fN6L[5Z1.>�>@1 ,�+67l1.-0mZ7[5Z/9c6-07[5Z-?AB>�+67[-03�-0OP><7[1.-0;Z7676>M/`>F,�1*>&N6A.;�3�+[-C,a4/ H -07[1*,B5Z7=,��X�'� ³ E G ;ZAK1.�Q+6> ���W� ³ �I���6qQ/?>f1*2M/?>@Jo,.-0;Z7[76><+6A#3�2MN6L[5Z1.>�/0>f1.-0mZ7[5Z/93�> � 6�

� �Rº5�p=>MJ � � � � �   �K¡ / / � J<;}362�1*+[A4À c6-C,K1BDFq�Nn;Z+6A����W� ³ �t�   /?>l1*-0mZ7[5Z/X>M1*,d3�2MN6L[5Z1.2\3�>��� ®   � 6� � � E G >�3�2<N6L95Z1B58mZ>tO�;�J=><7�3[587[1&/?>d,.>MOPN[1fp�5Z+�,�� � ® � ´ � 6� � �

5�pZ>MJ�� ´ �� � / /   � Rº5�p=>MJ � ´ � �\� �l�W�*�*D�OP;�J=><7676>�3�> ���W�*��365Z7[1d/ H >M1.N[5ZJ<>�36>M1t,.><OPN[1KDoEX¼½/#>@1 ,3�;Z79J�>@1.1.><7Q,.-0></r3�>fNn;Z+6p=;Z-0A�J<;Z7Q,.A*)Z/0><AYN6A.2@JF-g1*2MOP><7Q,�/g5dp�5Z/?>M+6A�3�> � ´ E6u�;=+[1�+�,.-0/?-g1.;Z7[1N9;=+6A�J<></g5P+67�3�2<Od+6/?,.-0N6/?><|�><+6A�,BAB5Z7[1*�W;ZABOP5Z7Q,#+[7�O�;Z, 2 3�> Llc6-?,B1�><7w+67�OP;8,��l�W�*�1*+[A   c6-C,@E�{Y>xOP;8, 2 Nn><+�,d5Z+[1B1*-VX<,.AB>\3�2<Nn><7[3[587Q,t3�+v,.>MO�N9141*-�/ H ;Z7 1.;Z+6L[5Z-C,B>PN[58A>F|�><OPN6/0>�3�2MOt+6/?,.-0N6/0>F|�><At+676>\OP;�3�+6/g5s,B-?;=7bE G 5�N6AB2MJF-g1.-?;=7v1.+6A�� ´ 362<Nn><7[3 3�;=7[J\3�+76;ZOdc6AB>e36>fc[-C,K1 L`E9k�5�N6AB2MJ<-01.-0;Z7�AB></g5s,B-?p=>ep�5Z+�,�3�;=7[J   � ¡ � EG 5�ps58/0><+6A�3�> �#�W�*�#3�2MN9>M7[3l36;Z7[Je3�>e3�><+6|�OP;8,B1#/0;Zm=-0�Q+6>@1 � >F, 2 3�>e3�-?OP>M7[1*-0;Z7A.>@1*Nn>MJF,.-0pZ>dÀ c6-?,B1e>F, L�c[-C,K1<Eru�;=+[1fN9;=+6pZ;=7[1fJF;ZOPN[5ZA.>MA&J<>M1e3�><+6|�p�5ZA.-g58c[/?>@1&a�JF>M/?/0>M1+�,.-0/0-01.2<>@1&365Z7[1�/0>M1 � Á�3658791�/0>M1 (�G�G 1��WAK5ZJF,.-0;Z767[></0/?>@1 ^½u�;�� � A.>MN6AB2M1.><7Q,.>�/g5\N[5ZA*,B-?>><7Q,.- 0<AB>e>F, 2 /g5dN958A.,.-0>&�WAK5ZJF,.-0;Z767[></0/?>�3�>�/ H ;=AB36A.>e3�>�OP;�3�+6/g5s,.-0;Z7�EG 5 ]9mZ+6AB> � E¸z�><|}N[/?-gJF-?,.>v5�pZ>MJw+[7�>F|�>MO�N[/?>v1*-0OPN6/?>j/?>jN6AB;}J<>M1B1*+91\3�>M1�1B58+�,K1�3�>N6L[5=1*>@1<Enu�;Z+91�JKL6;=-01.-01B1.;Z7[1�+[7�1 J�1*,>0MO�>dax,.AB;Z-g1�J<></0/?+6/0>M1faxAB>F,K58AK3 R�� , � =Doq � � �6q+67 1.-?m=7[58/I3�>�N92MA.-0;�3�> �`�l�   � � �8E �AB;Z-g1�N6L[5=1*>@1�1*;=7Q,tJFAB2<2<>@1x¾�� � �W�*�oq � 6 �º�*�oq � �Q�W�*�3�2<N[L[5Z1.2<>@1#/ H +676>eN[5ZA�AB5ZN6N9;=A*,�a�/g5dN[A.2@JF2M36><7Q,.>�3�> ¡ � � 6E¼ JF- q�/?>�1.-?m=7[58/r3�>�1.;ZA.,.-0>e���º�*��1*>MA*,�3 H L6;ZAB/?;=mZ>f58+w3�2<Od+6/C,B-?N[/?><|}>M+6A@E6� JKL95Z�Q+6>&�WA.;=7=,3�>M1BJF>M7[365Z7=,�36>����º�*��ax/ H -07[1*,B587Q,�� ³ q9/0>tJKL6;=-C|w3�>t3�2MN6L[5=1*>MA�3�>t�x;=+�3�> ¡ � � P>M1*,��º5Z-C,><7l�W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7w3�>e/05dps58/0><+6A�3�> �l�W� ³ �oEn{Y;=7[1*-g3�2MA.;=7[1Y�Q+6>e/ H ;=AB36A.>f3�>eO�;�3�+[/058,.-0;Z7 2 >@1 ,JF;=7[1 ,K587Q,�1*+[A�+67�JF><A.,B5Z-?7l-?7Q,B><ABp�5Z/?/0>�3�>e,.>MOPN[1��9E

Page 114: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�}���=�\�� � ��� �½�I'$&'����� �#$l�!�!��� �<��� �\����(� ������ TZT@yϕ

1(t)

ϕ2(t)

ϕ3

B(t)

(t)

(t)S

To

t

1

0

1

0

�#�W�Y� � E¸ze� � -05ZmZAK58OPOP>f,.><OPNn;ZAB></i&7x3�2MJ<;ZOPNn;=1.> �l�W� ³ ��><7 � ´ RºN9;=+6A�1B5&N958A.,.-0>�JF;Z7Q,B-?7}+6>�D�>F, ����W� ³ ��N9;=+6A�1B5&N958A.,.-0>ps58AB-g58c6/0>f1.+6A���Rº¼½/�1 H 5ZmZ-?,�36+lc6AB+6-?,�3�>4�Q+[587Q,B-C]9JM5s,B-?;=7�3�+w3�2MOt+6/?,.-0N6/0>F|�><+6AoDoE

���º� ³ �Y� � ´ �º� ³ � ®����º� ³ � R � E z=D

( 58A�5Zc6+[1�36>�/05Z76m=5ZmZ>Zq};=7w5=1.1.;�JF-0>e/?>4OP;Z, 2 ax1.5Pps58/0><+[AME9i&7w76;Z,.> 2 � � ´ En�/ H -07[1*,B5Z7=,�� ³ q�/05��W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7�36>43�2<N6L95Z1B58mZ>fNn><+�,�1 H 2@JFAB-?AB>e3�>�/05�Ox587[-W0MA.>�1.+6-?ps5Z7=,B>P¾Á��#�º� ³ �I� ���º� ³ �<��� ®   � ¡ �� , ® �   ¢ ���º� ³ �.� �

¡ �� , R � E yQD

k}+6A�/ H -?7Q,B><ABp�5Z/?/0>�3�>f,.>MO�N91�JF;=7[1*-g3�2MA.2=qQ7[;Z+[1�5�p=;Z7[1�

³ � �Á �#�W� ³ �I� � ��� ®   � ¡ �

� , ¢ � ¡��� ,

© �

³ � ����º� ³ � ® � ¡��

� , R � E � Dk}+6A�+676>eN92MA.-0;�3�>43�>e/ H L6;=A./0;Zm=>&/0>43�2MN6L[5Z1B58m=>&OP;�J=><7�Á � ´ ps5Z+�,�58/0;ZAK1&¾

Á � ´ � ¡ �� , � 2 ® �j� R � E � D

G 5��WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>#OP;�JZ><7[76> � & 3�>����º�*�YR·Jo�n2M�nE � E0T@D�ps58+�,I3�;=7[J�N9;=+6A 2 ><, � 3�;=76762M1#¾� & � � � ®  ¡�� � �#�W�*�

�=� � � � ®  ¡�� Á � ´� & � 2�� ���-0/bp}-?>M7=,�¾

� & � � �  ¢ �

G��� �

R � E � Dk}- 2 �W�*��><,�� �W�*��1.;Z7Q,�3�>@1��W;Z7[JF,.-0;Z7[1�ps5ZA.-g58c6/0>M1#365Z7[1�/0>e,.>MO�N91<q6><,��Q+6>�/?>@1#ps58AB-058^,B-?;=7[1rAB>M1.N9>@Jo,.-0pZ>@1b1.;Z7Q,bc6-0><7�-07��W2<AB-?>M+6AB>M1ba#/g5#�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>I3 H L6;ZAB/0;ZmZ>X3�+4362<Ot+[/C,B-?N6/0>F|�>M+6AMq76;=+[1#Nn;Z+6p=;Z7[1#58/0;ZAK1�2MJ<A.-0A.>P¾

Page 115: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TZT � ���&��� ����� �}�l�!��� �#$l�!����� �<����$&%���&�&)}

� & �W�*�Y� � �  ¢ �

� , � G�� � , �� �

R � E �8D����" � - �� � � ������� � #���� � � � ����� ��0N � "�U� ������� =:� �� � � � �@�������������� � � �U���I� ����

H�7j,.></I1>J�1 ,*0<OP>�76;Z+[1fNn><ABOP>F,�3�;Z7[J�3�>POP;�3�+6/0><Ae><7jN6L[5Z1.>�>F,�><7��WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>d+671*-0mZ7958/�3�>��WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<> � �=E G 5�N6AB2MJF-g1.-?;=7�1.+6Ad/?>@1tN6L95Z1.>M1�>@1 ,P3 H 5Z+�,B5Z7Q,tOP><-0/?/0><+6AB>��Q+6>/?>l76;ZOdc6AB> � , 3�>M1dJF>M/?/0+6/0>M14>@1 ,�2</0><p=2ZE G�H >MA.AB><+[At3�>�N[L[5Z1.>\>M1*,�5Z+ Ox5s|�-?Od+6O 2<m=5Z/?>a ¡ � � � , Erk}-�/?>@1��W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7 � >F, 2 1.;Z7Q,fJ<;Z7[1*,B5Z7Q,.>M1&3658791�/0>t,B><OPN[1Mq9/0>d1>J�1 ,*0<OP>t>@1 ,5Z1B1*-0OP-?/02tax+[7�1 J}7Q,.L[2F,.-g1.><+6Ae3�>��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>=E ( +[-01B�Q+6>t/ H ;=7�7 H 5\�Q+ H +67�76;=Otc6AB>�][76-�3�>ps58/0><+6AK1#N9;Q1.1.-0c6/?>@1�3�> 2 q�;=7�7[>�N9>M+�,�;Zc�,B><76-0A��Q+ H +67w76;ZOdc6A.>f][7[-�3�>f�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>M1ME G >N[5Z1tA.>M/058,.-?��3�>M1t�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>M1d1 J}7Q,.L[2F,.-g1.2<>M1t>M1*,�3 H 58+6,B587Q,�N6/?+914][7��=+[>�/0>�76;=Otc6AB>�3�>c6-?,B1 L�36+�OP;8,�c6-07[58-0AB> 2 >M1*,e2M/?>MpZ2=E _n>@Jo,.-0pZ>MOP><7Q,Mqr76;=+[1&O�;=7Q,.AB;Z7[1PRWp=;Z-0Af5Z7676><|}> D#�Q+6>4JF><,*,B>�N6A.2@JF-g1*-0;Z7lA.>M/058,.-0pZ>�� (��(�� ps58+6,4¾Á � &

� & �  ¡ � � , �   ¢ �G��� �

� R � E U=D /?/0>�1 H 5=J<JFAB;�$g,X3�;Z7[J#5�p=>MJ � , ><, LtOx58-g1X1*>�3�2<,.2MA.-0;ZAB>Y/0;ZAK1B�=+[> � ® 2 5Z+6mZOP><7Q,B><7Q,ME{Y><Nn><7[3[587Q,�/0>M1�>MA.AB><+6AK1�36>#�Q+[5Z7Q,.-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7t1.>�,BAB5Z7[1*�W;ZABO�>M7Q,!><7d><ABA.>M+6A!36>�N[L[5Z1.>�;=+d3�>�WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>ZE G >fAK58N6Nn;ZA.,#J J�JF/0-0�Q+6>fOP;�JZ><7�3�>����W�*��3�2MN9>M7[3�2Mm=5Z/?>MO�>M7Q,#3�> � >F,�3�> 2 E� 2<,.>MA.OP-076;Z7[1Xa&N6AB2M1.><7Q,X/?>#/0-?>M7d>M7Q,.AB>Y/0>M1�>MA.AB><+6AK1�3�>��=+9587Q,.-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7bq8JM58AK5ZJF,.2<AB-g1 ,B-0�Q+6>@13�+\3�2MOt+6/?,.-0N6/0>F|�><+6A@qZ><,�/g541*;=A*,B-?>�36+xO�;�3�+[/058,.><+[A�7}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>=EZu�;=+[1�5Z/?/0;Z791X>F|�N6/0-0J<-C,B><AJF>e/0-?>M7w3[587[1#/0>43�;ZOx5Z-?76>�1.N9>@Jo,BAB5Z/·E

� ".���� �� � �� � =Q�U���� ���W�*�G 5�N6L[5=1*> �#�W�*�#Nn><+6,�1 H >F|�N6AB-?OP>MA�3�>e/05x1.;ZA.,.>�¾�#�W�*�I�  � &

� ,� � � � � � ´�®

������º»[� � �Z» 7�1*+[c[1 ,B-C,B+[587Q,�JF><,*,B>�>F|�N6AB>M1B1*-0;Z7�36587[1#/ H 2M�Q+[5s,B-?;=7 � E?T=q�76;Z+91�5�pZ;Z791&¾

�Q�W�*��� µ £ ���!� �}¡ ��� � �*� £ ��� � � � � ´� & � ® �  � &� ,� � � ����#�º»[� �=» ©

�Q�W�*��� µ £ ¤ � 6� � ( � G 1�� � � � � � , £ ¤ � ���� � � �� ¥�� � � � � � / �¼½/bp}-?>M7=,4¾�Q�W�*��� µ £ ¤ � 6� (�� , £ ¤ � ���� � � � � ¥�� � � � � � / � R � E � D

Page 116: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�}���=�\�� � ��� �½�I'$&'����� �#$l�!�!��� �<��� �\����(� ������ TZT �� >�N6/?+91<q6N[+6-01B�Q+6> �� >M1*,�+676>f�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7�3�-g1BJFA*0F,.>�365Z7[1#/0>e,.><OPN[14¾

� � �/ � � , � / , � � �I� �� & � 1 ÀI� (( � � � �/ � � , � � � ��� ¡ � 6

� , � 1 ÀI� (( � � � � � , � � � �u�;=+[1�5�pZ;=7[1Y][7[5Z/?>MO�>M7Q,�/?>�1.N9>@Jo,.AB>�1*+[-?ps587Q,4¾

��� � �I� ��� � ¢ � & � � ¡ � 6� , � 1 ÀI� (( � � � � � , � � � � R � E0TM¹QD

GIH >F|�N6AB>M1B1.-?;=7�N[A.2@JF2M36><7Q,.>4OP;=7=,BA.>t/?;=mZ-g�=+[><OP><7Q,��Q+6>tN[/?+[1�/?>d76;ZOdc6AB>t3�>tJ<></0/?+6/0>M1� , >M1*,�m=AB5Z7[3rq�N6/0+[1�/?>wc6AB+6-?,�>@1 ,xAB2M3�+6-?,ME G >M1P�Q+[58/0-?,.2M1P1.N9>@Jo,BAB5Z/?>�><7�c6A.+[-C,xN6AB;�JKL6>3�2MN9>M7[3�>M7=,#2<mQ58/0><OP><7Q,#3�>�JF></0/0>M1�3�+lOP;�3�+6/g5s,B><+6A�7}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>PR·� � � � �.DoE[k};=7�c6AB+6-?,#36>�Q+[5Z7=,B-C]nJ<5s,B-?;=7\1*>MAB5t3�2F,B><ABO�-07[5Z7=,#3658791�/0>M1YN9>MA*�W;=A.Ox5Z7[JF>@1�3�+�1>J�1 ,*0<OP>ZE GIH +�,B-?/0-01B5s,B-?;=73 H +67\OP;�3�+6/g5s,B><+6A � Á �Q+6-n54/05dJ<58AK5ZJF,.2MA.-g1 ,B-0�Q+6>�36>�][/?,.AB><A�/?>&c6AB+6-C,#3�>&�Q+[5Z7Q,.-?]9J<58,.-0;Z75Z+�|�c[5=1.1.>M1Y�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>M1#Nn><+6,�1 H 5�pZ2MA.>MA C +[36-0J<-?>M+[1*>=E� � =Q��� ��� �� ��� ���#" ��� � �

u�;=+[1�AB>F,BA.;=+6pZ;=7[1#3�;Z79J4aP/05�1*;=A*,B-?>�/0>t1.N9>@Jo,.AB>43�>4c[A.+6-?,&3�+j3�2<Od+6/C,B-?N[/?><|}>M+6A�J<;ZA.^AB-?m=2�3�+x�º5=Jo,.>M+6A (�� & ³ 4 � � �� � � EZ¼½/n>M1*,�-?7Q,B2<AB>M1B1.5Z7=,�36>&JKL6;=-01.-?A�+67 � Á 3 H ;=AB36A.>�1*,.AB-0JF,.>MO�>M7Q,1.+6Nn2<AB-?>M+6A�a   Nn;Z+6A�Nn;Z+[pZ;Z-0A#c92M762F]nJF-0><A�3�+l][/?,.AK58mZ>�3�+�c6AB+6-?,�3�>��=+9587Q,.-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7�58+�|c[5=1.1.>M1x�WA.2@�=+[><7[J<>M1ME G >v1*Nn>MJF,.AB>�3�>�c6AB+6-?,w� � � � � �x3 H +67 � Á 3 H ;ZAK3�AB> 8 RºJKL958N6-?,.AB>z=Dd36;Z7Q,x/05�1.;ZA.,.-0>l>@1 ,\1.+6A   c6-C,\><,\3�;Z7Q,x/05j�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>�3 H L6;ZAB/0;ZmZ>lps58+�, � & qI1 H 2MJFAB-?,� � � � � �I� �� � 6 + 6(�� � ¡ � 1 À � ((�� � � @ E}¼½/`pQ-0><7Q,#�=+[>&/0>f1.Nn>MJo,BA.>e3�+lO�;�3�+[/058,.><+[AY7}+6OP2F^AB-0�Q+6>e+�,B-?/0-g1.5Z7=,�+67 � Á 3 H ;=AB36A.> 8 p�5Z+�,4¾

��� � �I� ��� � ¢ � & � � ¡ � 6� �

 �   ¡� ¡� & � ¡ � 1 À � ���� & ©�© @ ¤ � R � E0TZT�D

� 587[1#+67wJ<5=1�-03�2@58/ q�;Z7lN9>M+�,�-?Ox5ZmZ-076><A#5�pZ;=-?A�/?>�1.N9>@Jo,BA.>e3�>�1*;=A*,B-?>fOP;Z7Q,.AB2fN[58A#/g5][m=+6AB> � E y6E[i&7 J\3�-g1 ,B-?76m=+6>e/?>&][/?,.AK58m=>f3�>@1�c6A.+[-C,K1�3�>��=+9587Q,.-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7�5Z+�|\�WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF>@1N6AB;�JKL6>M1t3�>\/g5wN9;=A*,B><+[1.>ZE G >\c6AB+6-?,d3�>@1tJF>M/?/0+6/0>M1d3�>\AB>F,B5ZAB3v>@1 ,d5Z/?;=AB14N6A.2@3�;ZOP-07[587Q,@E( +[-01Mq`AB5ZN6-036><OP><7Q,Mqn/0>dc6AB+6-?,43�>��Q+[5Z7Q,.-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7�3�>Mp}-?>M7=,fOx5�C ;ZAB-?,B58-0AB>ZE9��+6mZOP>M7=,B><Ae/0>76;=Otc6AB>�3�>4JF>M/?/0+6/0>M1�� , ><7Q,BAB5�$g76>e/ H 5Z+6mZOP>M7=,K5s,B-?;=7�3�+wc6AB+6-?,�3�>M1�JF></0/0+6/?>@1�>F,�>M7Q,.AK5 $ 76>/g5P3�-?OP-07}+�,.-0;Z7�3�>e/ H >MA.AB><+6A�36>e�Q+[5Z7Q,.-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7bEG >PJKL6;=-C|�3�> � , 3�2MN9>M7[3v3�>d/ H 58N6N6/0-gJ<5s,B-?;=7bEIH�7vAB5ZN6-g3�>dJM58/gJF+6/�Nn;Z+6ABAB5�76;Z+91&3�-0AB>J<;ZOtc[-?>M7\3�>fJ<></0/?+[/?>@1Y1.><AB;Z7Q,�762@[email protected].>@1I5s]97��Q+6>�/g54OP;�JZ>M7676>��Q+[5=3�AK5s,.-g�Q+6>�3�>fc6AB+6-?,3�>&/05d3�><AB76- 0<AB>&J<></0/?+6/0>PRW/g54N6/0+[1�c6AB+ J=5Z7=,B>@DXJ<;Z7Q,.AB-0c6+6>&36>&Ox587[-W0MA.>f587[5Z/?;=mZ+6>�5Z+\c6AB+6-?,3�>��Q+[587Q,.-?]9JM5s,.-0;Z7 � ��s± 4 , � �`� � ¡ � , R·a � � �6 � & DoE � 587[1fJF>PJ<5Z/0J<+6/!�Q+6-X5\/ H ;Zc!C >@Jo,.-?�3�>�OP;Z7Q,.AB><A�/ H ;=AB3�AB>l36>�m=AB5Z7[3�>M+6Ad3�+�76;=Otc6AB>l3�>�J<></0/?+6/0>M1�Nn><ABOP-01.>M1Mq�;Z7 7[2<mZ/0-0mZ><AK5/ H -07��[+[><7[J<>d3�>d/05�c9;=+[JF/0>d1.+6A�/g5\m=-?m=+6>�,B;8,B5Z/·E � ;Z7[JZq976;=+[1&N9;=+6pZ;=7[1�2@JFAB-?AB>4�Q+6> � , �� � , ��R �v/05�m=-?m=+6>�3���ad+[76>4JF>M/?/0+6/0>@DY>F,4¾

Page 117: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TZT � ���&��� ����� �}�l�!��� �#$l�!����� �<����$&%���&�&)}

21 3

2fsfs fs

Ps

ϕcellules

�#�W�Y� � E y4�lk}Nn>MJF,.AB>43�>41.;ZA.,.-0>f5�p=>MJ&+67 � Á

� � , � -� �¡ � ,¼½/bp}-?>M7=,4¾

� , - � �n�¡ � © ����u ¾ ( ;Z+[A ��� ¡ � �Zq � �\� ¡ � > ���l>F,� , � 0 ¡ ��q`;=7j;=c�,.-0><7Q, � , � � �

�s± 4 , �0 ¡ � �=E � 58791�JF>M1#J<;Z7[3�-?,.-0;Z791<q}/g5dm=-?m=+6>fA.Ox1#at/g5�1*;=A*,B-?>e3�>e/05�3�>MA.76- 0<AB>eJF></0/0+6/?>�1.><AK5t3�+OYX<OP>�;ZAK3�AB>f3�>�m=AB5Z7[3�>M+6A��Q+6>�/0>�N[5=1�3�>��=+9587Q,.-?]9J<58,.-0;Z7bE� = � " �!��� ��� =:� ���Q � ��� !FN N � ��� �3��� =:��� � ��� �

{Y;ZOPOP>&76;=+[1#5�pZ;=7[1IN6+l/?>fpZ;=-?AYN6AB2MJF2@3�><OPOP><7Q,@qQ/ H ;ZAK3�A.>f3�>f/05tc9;=+[JF/0>&7[2MJF>@1.1B58-0AB>58+xOP;�3�+6/g5s,B><+6A�JF;ZABAB>M1.N9;=7[3Pa�/ H ;ZAK3�AB>�3�>�]9/C,BA.>f3�>�cn;Z+[J</?>f58/0;ZAK1I�Q+6>�JF>M/?+[-n3�>&/05 (�G�G>M1*,�3 H ;ZAK3�A.>�N[/?+[1�2</0><p=2ZE G 5x1 ,K58c6-0/?-?,.2�>@1 ,f3�;Z7[Je;=c�,.>M7}+6>�N6/0+[1��º5=JF-0/?>MO�>M7Q,&3658791�76;8,BA.>J<5=1#>F,�/0>&]9/C,BA.>43�>ecn;Z+[J</?>�>@1 ,�5Z-01.2<OP><7Q,�-07=,B2<m=AB5Zc6/?>=E� 5Z7[1�/0>�JM5Z1b3�+tO�;�3�+[/058,.><+[A�7}+6OP2<AB-0�Q+6>�N6A.2@1*>M7Q,.2Zq</?>Yc6A.+[-C,!36+ � Á'7 H >@1 ,�N[5Z1`]9/C,BA.2N[58A&/?>t][/?,.AB>d3�>�c9;=+[JF/0>dJ<;ZOPOP>dJ<></g5x>M1*,&/0>dJM5Z1&N9;=+6A&+[76> (�G!G �WAK5ZJF,.-0;Z7676>M/?/0>F^½u4E G 5JF;=7[JF>MN�,.-0;Z7v3�+ � Á 1 H 5�p�0MA.>�58-07[1*-I362F,.>MA.OP-07[587Q,B>dNn;Z+6Ae;=c�,.>M76-?A�/0>M1�JM58AK5ZJF,.2<AB-g1 ,B-0�Q+6>@11*Nn>MJF,.AK58/0>M1�3�2M1.-0A.2M>M1ME=¼½/`>M1*,�,.;Z+3C ;Z+6AK1�N9;Q1.1.-?c[/?>e3�>&][/C,BA.>MA�J<>&c[A.+6-?,�mZA �ZJ<>�at+[76>f1.-0O�N[/?>(�G�G 3�;=7=,#/0>f1.-?m=7[58/r3�>fAB2F�W2<AB><79JF>&1.><AK58-?,Y/g5�1*;=A*,B-?>f3�>&7[;8,.AB>fO�;�3�+[/058,.><+[A�7}+6OP2MA.-g�Q+6>ZE� 5Z7[1�/0>dJM5Z1f3 H +676> (YG�G �WAK5ZJF,.-0;Z767[></0/?><^~utq9/ H >MA.AB><+[A�3�>tN[L[5Z1.>t>@1 ,eJF;ZOPN6AB-g1*>t3[587[1/ H -07=,B><ABps58/0/?> � ��/ / ¡ � � RºA.>M/058,.-?��a /05��WAB2M�Q+6>M7[JF> � � , ;w1 J}7Q,.L[2F,.-g1.2<>�N[5ZA\/0> ° ����DFE�{Y>M/05>M1*,�3�� 5Z+ �W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7[76><OP><7Q,d36-?p}-g1*>M+6Ad3�>��WA.2@�Q+6><7[J<>��Q+6-Y�º58-?,e�*mZ/0-01B1*>MA �P/?>�1*-0mZ7958/Y1.+6A+676>�Nn2<AB-?;�3�>436> � � , ;�/0;ZAK1B�=+ H -0/�JKL[5Z76mZ>e/g5�36-?p}-g1*-0;Z7bE G >�OP;�3�+6/g5s,.>M+6A�3�>tN6L[5Z1.>�5P+676>N6AB2MJF-g1.-?;=7l1.+6A�/05PN[L[5Z1.>eO�>M-?/0/0><+6AB>eN6+6-g1.�Q+6>e></0/0>�p�5Z+�,�58+�Ox5s|�-0Ot+6O ¡ � � � , E ��� ����� ����� �� � � ��

u�;8,BA.>�;Zc!C >@Jo,.-?��5�2F,B2�3�>�J<;Z7[J<><p=;Z-0A�+67 JF-0ABJ<+6-?,t76;Z+914Nn><ABO�><,*,K587Q,d3�>\ps5Z/?-g3�><Ad/053�>M1BJFAB-0N�,.-0;Z7j,.L62M;ZAB-0�Q+6>P3�>xJF>\1>J�1 ,*0<OP>�;ZAB-?m=-?7[5Z/·E G >PJ<-?AKJF+[-C,41 H 5ZA*,B-0J<+6/?>x5Z+�,.;=+6A�3�>x/05c9;=+[JF/0>�aepZ>MA.AB;Z+[-?/0/05ZmZ>#3�>�3�2M/05Z-01�3�2MJ<A.-?,.>�365Z7[1X/0>�JKL[5ZN6-C,BA.>�ye><,Y3 H +67\1 J�1*,>0MO�>�/0;Zm=-0�Q+6>

Page 118: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�}� �[�������� ����&� �f�!� TZT �3�>�1.2</0>MJF,.-0;Z7w3�>�/05�N6L95Z1.>eJ<;Z7[1*,.-?,.+[2e3 H +67wOP;�3�+6/g5s,B><+6A�7}+6OP2<AB-g�=+[>eJ<;ZOPOx587[3[587Q,�+67+67��*Nn;Z-07=,B><+6A*�\N6L[5=1*>=E�{Y;ZOPOP>x,B;Z+[1t/?>@1d1>J}7=,BL62F,B-01.><+[AB1436>\�WAB2M�Q+6><79JF>M1Mq!J<>�1>J}1*,>0MOP>3�>Mp}AB5 XF,BA.>eN6AB2MJ<-01Mq61 ,K58c6/0>e>F,�Nn><+wc6AB+ J=5Z7Q,ME! �������� " � �� ��� � ����� =:�$�� " �� ��

� JKL[5Z�Q+6>�J<></0/?+[/?>PRW><,�3�;=7[J&atJKL[5Z�Q+6>&N6L[5Z1.>@DI>M1*,�5=1.1.;�JF-02<>�+67[>&:M;Z76>&O�2MOP;Z-0A.>�;=+�*c6-?,Y3 H 5ZJo,B-?ps58,.-0;Z7}�tR�> � � > 6 � / / >� �

DFE G�H 2<,B5s,#3�>�N6L95Z1.>�>M1*,�1.2</0>MJF,.-0;Z76762�/?;=AB1B�Q+6>�/?>�c6-C,3 H 5ZJF,.-0ps5s,.-0;Z7�>M1*,�aP/ H 2F,K5s,�L[5Z+�,tR   DeR ][m9E � E � DoE

0 1 0 0

π

π ∆ϕu

∆ϕu ∆ϕ ∆ϕ ∆ϕu u u

cos(2 fot)

S(t)=cos(2 fot+ )

NcM1M M2 M3

���W�Y� � E � � ( A.-07[JF-0Nn>t3�>e/05P1.2</0>MJF,.-0;Z7w3�>�N6L[5=1*>� 587[1P76;Z,.AB>�JM5Z1d;���/ H ;Z7�JF;�3�>�/?>�JKL[5Z76mZ>MOP><7Q,P3 H 2<,B5s,@q�+67�AB><m=-01*,.AB>lav3�2@J<58/g58m=>Nn><+�,dA.2@58/0-01.><A4J<>F,*,B>\�W;=7[Jo,B-?;=7bE G >M1�:M;Z76>@1�OP2<OP;Z-0A.>@141.;Z7Q,d58/0;ZAK1�3�>@14c[5=1.J<+6/?>@1 � 5Z+,BAB5�p=><AK1\3�>M1B�Q+6></0/0>M1�JF-0ABJ<+6/?>v+676>vAB>F,.>M7}+6>ZE�{Y></0/?><^~J<-eN[5Z1B1*>v3 H +676>vc[5Z1BJF+6/0>ja / H 58+6,.AB>/0;ZAK1.�Q+6>f/ H ;=AB3�AB>f/?+6-�>M1*,�36;Z76762=E9{Y>F,�;=AB3�AB>e3�2<Nn><7[3w3�>�/g5�ps58/0><+6A�3�+�OP;8,�3�>�J<;Z7Q,.A*)Z/0>2 �W�*�\RºOt+6/?,.-?^~c6-C,K1BD��Q+ H +67 3�2MOt+6/?,.-0N6/0>F|�><+[AP5jJF;=7Qp=><A.,.-Y><7 +67�1*-0mZ7958/�c6-?7958-0A.>l+676-g3�-C^OP><791*-0;Z767[></ ���W�*�FE���p=>MJ�/0>vO�;Z, � qY76;=+[1�1*Nn2MJ<-C][;=7[1l/05�mZAK587[36><+6A�3�+�3�2MN6L[5Z1B58m=>R ��� � ��� �

�� � 6�

� �DoEI{Y;ZOPOP>�76;=+[14/ H 5�p=;Z7[1eOP;=7=,BA.2�N6A.2@JF2@3�><OPOP><7Q,t/0>�3�2MN6L[5s^1B58m=>�O�;�J=><7Pps58+�,#58/0;ZAK1 � � ´ � 6�

� �� 2 ® ���oE � ,.+93�-?;=7[1�a�N6AB2M1.><7Q,�/ H 5ZABJKL6-?,.>@Jo,B+6A.>&3�+Nn;Z-07Q,.><+[A�76;Z+[1#Nn><ABOP>F,.,B587Q,�+67[>&,B></0/?>�;=N92MAB58,.-0;Z7bE

��� -���" � �� �,# ����� � �G >lN9;=-?7Q,B><+6A�>M1*,d+67�1 J�1*,>0<OP>��=+[-�JKL6;=-01.-?,d/ H +67�3�>M1�1*-0mZ7958+�| 3�2<N[L[5Z1.2M1tN9;=+6Ad>M7�º5Z-?AB>x/?>\1.-0mZ7[5Z/�3�>\1.;ZA.,.-0>ZE�{Y;=7[JFA*0F,B><OP><7Q,Mq�+67 A.>MmZ-g1 ,BA.>xa�3�2@J<5Z/05ZmZ>x3�;Z7Q,4/g5wA.><,.>M7Q+[>J<-?AKJF+6/g587Q,B>&p}-0><7Q,�5ZJF,.-0pZ><A#+67�3�>@1#2F,K5s,B1�3�>eN6L[5Z1.>eN9>M+�,&1.+��xA.>=E

N ���P:����� �� R���� ��� �� P: ����� " �H�7�A.>MmZ-g1 ,BA.>�ax3�2@J<58/g58m=>�>M1*,&JF;=7[1*,.-?,.+62t36>4c[5Z1BJF+[/?>@1 � JM5Z1BJ<5Z362<>M1�><7�587[76>M5Z+�|l><,JKL[5Z76mZ>l3 H 2<,B58,�R � 4 D4>M7 �W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7�3�>�/ H >M7Q,.AB2<>l¶ a�JKL[5=�Q+6>x�WAB;Z7Q,dOP;Z7Q,K587Q,�3�>�1*;=7L6;=A./0;Zm=> � E G 5d,B5Zc6/?>�3�>�p=2<AB-C,B2�1*+6-?,ME{Y>M1tc[5Z1BJF+[/?>@14Nn><+6p=><7Q, XF,BA.>�5Z1B1*-0OP-?/02<>@14a�3�>@14OP2<OP;=-?AB>M1d�=+[-YN[5=1.1.><7Q,4>M7 OP;}36>�*2MJ<A.-?,.+6AB>o�ea�JKL95Z�Q+6>�5�p�0M76><OP><7Q,�3 H +67�1*-0mZ7958/b3 H L6;ZAB/0;ZmZ>xRW][m[E � E � DoEn{Y;=7[1*-g3�2MA.;=7[1#�=+[>

Page 119: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

TZT@U ���&��� ����� �}�l�!��� �#$l�!����� �<����$&%���&�&)}¶ 4 � � 4� � �  �  � 4 ¢ � 4 ¤ �

��� �!� � E0T&� !5Zc6/?>�3�>�p=2<AB-C,B2�3 H +[76>�c[5Z1BJF+[/?> �,.;=+�,.>@1�J<>M1dOP2<OP;Z-0A.>@1d1.;Z7Q,�-?76-?,.-g58/0-g1*2M>M1�al�����l1B58+6��+676>w�=+[-�/ H >M1*,Pa��   �oE���JKL[5Z�Q+6>�WA.;=7Q,�36>�/ H L6;ZAB/0;ZmZ>=q�JF>��   �fJ<-?AKJF+[/?>�3 H +676>�OP2<OP;=-?AB>�ad/g5x1.+6-?ps5Z7=,B>ZE

M MM M

Horloge

c

D

H

QD

H

QD

H

QD

H

Q

N

Nc 23 1

�#�W��� � E � � ��><m=-01*,.AB>�aP3�2MJM58/g58mZ>G 5\AB>F,B><7}+6>�JF-0ABJ<+6/?>P3 H +676>dc[5Z1BJF+6/0>dal/ H 5Z+�,.AB>dalJKL[5Z�Q+6>47[;Z+6p=>M58+��WA.;=7=,fOP;Z7Q,B5Z7=,3�>�/ H L6;=A./0;Zm=>ZE GIH 2F,K5s,�3�>@1�OP2<OP;Z-0AB>M1 > ³ 5=Jo,B-?p=>f/0>M1�+676>M1�5ZN6A*0M1#/0>M1�5Z+�,.AB>M1#/0>M1�N[L[5Z1.>M13�+w1*-0mZ7[5Z/·E G >e36-05ZmZAK58OPOP>�,.>MOPN9;=A.>M/b3�>&/g5d][mZ+[A.> � E � -0/0/?+[1*,.AB>f/?>f�W;Z79Jo,.-0;Z7[76><OP><7Q,�3�>/05P1.2</0>MJF,.-0;Z7w3�>�N6L[5=1*>eNn;Z+6A� , � [E

M

S(t)B(t)

M

M

ϕ2

ϕ3

ϕ1

t

Horloge du registreB(t)

S(t)

3

2

1

�#�W�Y� � E � � � -05ZmZAK58OPOP>�,B><OPNn;ZAB></� 5Z7[1�JF>4JM5Z1Mq�76;Z+91#N9;=+6pZ;=7[1#mZ2M762<AB><A�+67�3�2MN6L[5=1.5ZmZ>fO�;�J=><7w3�> 6�

� �2 ><7�3�2<N[L[5s^1.5Z7Q,e/0>\1.-?m=7[58/I3�>\�w;=+ 3�> 6�

� �a�JKL[5=�=+[>d�WAB;Z7Q,�OP;Z7Q,B5Z7Q,t3�>x/ H L6;=A./0;Zm=>ZE � ,.+93�-?;=7[1taN6AB2M1.><7Q,YJF;=OPO�>M7Q,Y76;=+[1INn;Z+6p=;Z7[1�mZ2M762<AB><AI+[7�3�2<N[L[5Z1B58m=>�OP;�JZ><7\36> 6�

� �� 2 ® �j�X><73�2<N[L[5Z1B587Q,�/?>�1.-?m=7[58/b36> 6�

� �� ;Z+w3�> 6�

� ���� ®   �oE

Page 120: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�}� �[�������� ����&� �f�!� TZT �N ���P:����� �� R���� ��� �� P: �*=Q� ��� �: ��

G >@1Xc[5=1.J<+6/?>@1 � 76>�1.;Z7Q,XN6/0+[1XAB></0-?2M>M1X3�-0A.>@Jo,B><OP><7Q,I><7Q,BA.>#></0/0>M1ME�H�7xJF-0AKJF+6-?,I/?;=mZ-g�Q+6>1.2<N[5ZA.>�Ox5Z-?7Q,.>M7[587Q,f/?>@1&1.;ZA.,.-0>M1&3�>M1&+676>@1&5Z+�|�>M7Q,.AB2<>M1&3�>M1f58+6,.AB>M1ME G >@1�/0-0><7[1f�Q+6-!/0>M1+67[-01B1*>M7Q,�1.;Z7Q,�3!J}7[58OP-g�Q+6>M1e><,t3�2<Nn><7[36><7Q,t3�>M1eps5Z/?>M+6AB1e3�> � >F,43�> 2 Ebk}+6N6Nn;=1.;Z7[1�Q+ H a\/ H -07[1*,B5Z7=,f� ³ q > ���   5�p=>MJ � �   q`58/0;ZAK1<qna�/ H 58N6N[5ZA.-?,.-0;Z7�3 H +67��WA.;=7Q,&OP;Z7Q,B5Z7Q,3�>�/ H L6;=A./0;Zm=>Zq9/05lA.><,.>M7Q+[>dN[5=1.1.>da > � 1*- �l�W� ³ ���   q`a > 6 1.-?76;=7bE G >P1.JKL[2<Ox5�3�>�/g5][m=+6AB> � E �tN6AB2M1.><7Q,.>e/0>e76;Z+6p=>M5Z+lAB><m=-01*,.AB>faP3�2@J<5Z/05ZmZ>ZE

M M M

Partie logique

Horloge

N

H

D3 Q3

H H

D2 D1Q2 Q1

Nc 2 1

����� A ;2��� (�4;#&13+DC/(��.:�*"+/C��;')�

� +3+������$:;*�1�� *$:;!�1��?,�CD�@13( *;+��'I����:�*���(�,�+/#):;*�8�( 'I��,��GCD+D#&( '):;4�#I�;!�(� � * ��:�*�1D#I8 ��C/(+/:�!�� :;!$C/1 �"!$(������� � *F�.:;*�13#I8 � CD(��"!�� !$*$(�C/(.+D( *�!$( %"#&(�*"+ 8�� �GC/C/#)%;(�C (�*�������'�� #&*�1 �+��G*"+"! # �$'&')(B, ( !�+ ,$C/: %�( *$#&C 8�(&%'� 1D#(�*),+�-.! #0/1�32E:;! 8�(&%42E1D#(�*),+�-.! #0/1�5�� 6 ( '&�B13( 8�� ��CD#)+ , �GC ')( 1D��������� '&:�4;#&�"!$(28�( 'I�76�4�!$C/( A 8� 9� ( 13+���:�8��21D!$C�� A$#)+/1�(�+ *�(,-(�!�+ % ��'):;#)C�,$'&!�1 8�(4:�

010

010

1

1

1

D31

0

0Q2

Q1

0N+B(t )

N+B(t )

Detection de la grandeur

du saut de phase

Deplacementde la retenue

i

i

����� A 8���2 ( �.:�*"+/C��;')( !$C 8�!�C/(�4;#&13+DC/(

� %�( � �.(�+87�,-(�8�(���:�8�!�'&�G+D(�!�C > ')(@1 % �G'&(�!$C�1 ,-:;1/1D#)A$'&( 1B8�(�� 8$��,-(�*�8�( *"+B(�* 4��G#)+8�! *$:��BA$CD(28�( �.(�'&'&!$')(@1 8$:�*"+ (@1 + �.:;��,-:;1D� 'I�7; 2 2 $��# '0� :�* C/� ��')#I1D( !$*�8$��,$���;1D��4�( 8$(< 8�(�=1-.!�/�>?6�4 A @A@ ��! ��:;�E(�*"+4! # 8�� !$* 8�( 1D( 1 4 C/:�*"+/1?8�( 1/�.( *�8$�G*"+�1�> :�* C��G,$,-(�'&'&(�"!$(�=1-B!�/ (@1 + �G! 1D1D# !�+D#&')#I1D�E��:��E�E(B��:�C/'):;4�(B8$! 8�� �?!$')+D#&,$'&(.5�(�!�C @ >C=1-B!�/D�5=FE�-.!�/ �"!$#% �G'I�G#)+"� , :;!$CG!IHJ! # �.:;�E��( *��.( 1D�B8�( 1/�.( *;+/( ,-:�!$C ,$C/(�*�8�C/( 'I� % �G'&(�!�C ,-:�!$CK!ILJ! # 8$(=1-.!�/G�M=FEN-B!C)POQR2S/G�T=�US-B!�/I�V�; ) & $7+ '&(���:�8�!�'&�G+D(�!�C 8�(�,$���;13( *$(��E:�8�!$'&( ,$')! 1�

W :;!�1 '&#)�E#)+D( CD:;*�1 �G#&*�1D# '&(54 :�*��.+D#&:�*$*$( �E(�*"+ 8�! �E:�8�!$'I� +D( !$C ,-:�!$C 8$( 1 % �G'&(�!�C/1 8$(�X)Y�DH[Z]\U R *�(�*?8��@8�!$#)+ '&( 1 4 CD�@�;!�(�*���( 1 ,-:;1/1D#)A$'&( 1(^R_ 1 7�*"+D���.+D#I1/�GA$'&( 1 2 � 4 CD�@�;!�(�*���(��� 5�#&���G'&(21?7�*;+/�$�.+/#&1/�GA�')(2+D( *�8 %�( C/12A^N` '):;C/1/�"!$(a�Yb �G!�4��E(�*"+D('c$#&(� d^S_"egf ^N`Shih 2A^N`kj

Page 121: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

T@zZ¹ ������� ������ �� � � ����� ��� � � ��������� ������� �

S1

S2

tS(t)

ti�#�W�Y� ��� � ��{�������� � � � , � ¡

N� ���� ����� ������ ��� =:� ��S�� PQ��� ���U�! �#"0m%$&�%')( �*�%+*,*" ���º�*� �-,.(�/�, +102"3$&/54&�%+�'6�87�"3+97;:&'<�=,*"<�%$>( '6�?+ , $�: (&�=$&�

' + m�"<�#,*+ .@ (�/A7A�='6�8m � { ,*, 7�"3+97;:&'<�=,*"<�%$B(�/�4 $C(B( ���W�*�FqC( � �W�*� ,D( '6�E�#��+#,1" (�:F(�/�05:G'H,1"34&' | :G+ ���º�*�e��:&" '3' ;I 0YX�0 q!(G/�4 $&(J( ���W�*� ,K( 2 �W�*� � ( :G"<�B�L:!M �=4 I4&�=+9�="6�1� $�,�4G'<:&�*" :G+1��NO�%:C7;' �Mq�'PM "3$&"H,1"<�%'3"6�*�=,*"<�%$Q(�:B� J��#,>0A0 R �-,D(�/�, +*02"<$&�=$L, ���pS�=$L,2'PM "<$G"H,1"<�%'3"6�1�S,*"<�%$�q)�%:&7;:G$ 4GT&��� $!M �-,E79TG��"<�*" VU ���º�*�P���LW ,X' (�/A0Y:G'3,*" I4G' | :G+Z$ 0E�=+979T 4&��� � � �?[[m%:&+ ���<\ ¹?+ 4&+*/]� $�, ' (�"6�8m�+1�%020 , 024O�%+ '^( '<�4GT&��� (_M "3$&"H,1"<�%'3"6�*�=,*"<�%$bq&'<�5[[m�:G+ �G�3\�\ (G/A7;+1"3,�' �>JL$&�%4�,1"0�L: � i�$��`��+17 'PM $L,*+1/ (!M :G$�   ��(G�=$C�a' + m%"6�-,1+ �@ (�/A7A�='6�8m � $87;+1/A�%$�,a:&$x�`+*��$L,a0X��$L,1�=$L, U �=W ,�:G$8$G"?p �%:XTC�=:�,U yLW @ 4&�=+*,*"<+2(_M :&$b�*"?m�$&�='�(_M "3$&"H,1"<�%'3"6�*�=,*"<�%$�� ¼c$G"3, � � � �>+ , $�: "<$�,1+*��(�:&"H, q�' �*"?m�$&�='���W�*���%4G4&�%+1��$<, ,�' � J��#,>0�0 ( p�" $�,��%:�,*��$G�%0 �

(t+δτ)Reset

(t+2δτ)Reset

(7)

(6)

(5)

(4)

(3)

(2)

(1)

Init. du registre(1) et non (2)

S(t)

(4) et (5)

H (3) ou (6)

Init(t)

t

�#�W��� �G�3\ ¹�� � "<�Zm%+9�=020 , 024O�%+ '����-�� - ��� � � ����� ��� � � ��� � 0 � # �� �

�! (�/A0Y:G'3,*"<4G' | :&+d�R4O�%:G+��`�%$&7;,*"<�%$E( 7��%$}p +#,1"3+^:G$E��+1(G+ ( 0X��(�:&'<�=,*"<�%$E7;��(�/�#:&+�4G'<:&�*" :G+9��NG"3,1� $V:G$>�*"?m�$&�=')NG"<$&�="<+ � � �?02��J $G$ (G�=$&�D' , 024&�R( 7 �*"?m�$&�='( �#��+#,1" � �#,�:G$ "<0E�8m ( 'PM $L,1+*/ (�:e(�/�05:G'H,1"34&' | :G+Rf �<�<� �1�Y02��J $G$ m%'<"<�1�1�=$L, �*"'PM $L,1+*/ � �-,a:&$ �`�%$&7;,*"<�%$E(�:X, 024&� U 'gM "3$L, +.pS�%'3' ( , 0X4C�a�#:&+^' ��: ' �-,X�h�%"H, 7 ,*,

Page 122: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�� �& � � ��� ���)� � �Z���� \ z \

∆τ

∆τ ∆τS(t)

(5)

(6)

(1) (2)

(4)

(3)Init

(7) H

D

Q

Init. du registre

Horloge du

Registrea decalage

demultiplexeur

�#�W��� �G�3\�\ �lk J�$G��4�,*"g�L: (�:B7;"<+17�:G"3,(!M "<$G"3,*"6�='<"<�1�S,1"3��$02��J $G$ (G/�4 $&(J( '<�\�`+*/@��: $&7 (_M TG��+*'<�Zm (�:V(G/�0Y:&'H,1"34G' | :G+9W�� � uD�=,*+ �%N!C 7 ,*"?�$!M /;,9�=$L,��L: ( pS�%'3"6( +X7 4G+*"<$&7�"34 ( 02��(G:G'<�=,*"<�%$bq)$G��:&�Y��p��%$&�K79T&�%"6�#"d:G$ ��7�7;: I05:G'<�=, :G+�0Y:&'H,1" I NG"3,1�Z7;�%020 (�/A0Y:G'3,*"<4G' | :&+�4O�%:G+�:G$ +1�%"<�*�%$B( �*"<0X4&'3"67;"3,*/ ,Z( +9�=4G"6(�"3,*/.( 7��%$&7 4�,1"3��$ � k ��4 +.�`�%+10E�=$&7 � $ NG+1:G"3,D�#��$L,7 +*, ��NG" $Q"3$��`/A+*" :&+ � @7 '<' �(_M :&$ � Á (_M �%+9(�+ �*:G4C/A+*" :&+ @ ¡ �! �������� " � � ������� � �� ��!�� ��� ��� ��� �*"�����

� M �%7A7;:G05:G'6�S, :G+ �#,K7;��0X4O���*/E(_M :G$ �%(G(�"3,*"<�%$&$ :G+.05:G'3,*" I NG"3,1� ,Y(_M :G$ NC�%�17;:G' � :�,1"3'<"<�*/ 4O�%:G+�, 024C��+*"6� +d' ����4C/A+1�=,*"<�%$&� U �G�3\ z%Wa�%:8+*JL,*TG0 (!M :G$ T&�%+1'3�=m � � � �*"?m�$&�='�( �#��+#,1" � 7;�%+1+ �*4C��$&( @ '6� + , $�: ( 'PM �%(&(�"H,1"3��$J( 'gM $L,*+1/ 2 ,K( '6�pS�=' :&+ @ 'gM "3$L,*/A+*" :&+�( '<�YNC��:&7;' 5U "<7�" ' , +10 �#+ , $L: �D$!M �K4&���a' 0YXA0 � $&����: '<�%+9�.�L:!M "<'L/�,1�%"H, 024G'<��J%/�4O�%:G+^' ��+ m�"<�#,*+ � @ (�/A7A�='6�8m W � � �Z+ , $�: pS�=:�,��   ��'3��+1�B�L: 'gM ��(G(�"3,*"<�%$ �1�S,1:G+ qQ���s�K�*"<$G�%$ � � �84C/A+*"<��( ( 'PM TG�%+1'<�Zm � 7;�%+1+ �*4C��$&( @ 7 '3' ( � ,�pS�=:�, � & � ( �%:G+D�*"<0X4&'3"3[ +�' ��/]7;+1"H,1:G+ �<q&4G'<�*);��$&� I $G��:&��(G�%$&�:G$ + 4:0�+ ( , 024&�(�"6�17;+ , U À W �

D Q

H

1 bit

ADD

k bits

k bits

K

B

���������� �������� �������������� ! �"$#�%�&"�'&()�*%+�,�*-�.�"/'&0�1�2434"5�7681�243&'9�: :�; ���%+<=�*.���'�>$"�'&?�@��BAC�D.E� �� F'�#�G�GH�:'�"�ID#�"�.�"/'4()�*%+���*J

�+���: !'K��"�.��L<M����#�.,�)�+���: N��"O681�243P'��� D�7QR�*��-�.�"/'K��"/(B�� D��.��SQ�%+>/ID#�"$ UT5"V�W� >/TYX!�� :�+��.�.��� !��Z�"��"�.[� �������������� ! �"$#�%�\!��.��:%+'�.,�M<M�)]�"$ ! �"=^�Z�.��,'�'+�* D��"B_���"F0`1R243V'�#���(C%Y�M.�"�'V()�*%+���*������ !'V��"6a1�243b�Ccd�: :�+%��: !'eID#�"f0`1R243�"�'g�h.E� ��<=��Z�"S'�#�%f@i-����h��"f6a1�243�T$����>S'�#�%hG�.�#U'9��"$#�%Y'�-��j�Y'$�

Page 123: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

\ z=z ������� ������ �� � � ����� ��� � � ��������� ������� �

i�$ �*:G4G4O��� �L: �#:&+B:G$ 7 +#,9�="<$ "<$L, +BpS�='<' ( , 024&��� '<��pS�=' :G+ 2 + �#, 7;��$&�-,9�=$L, �G7 '<' ;I 7;"9�*��M �%7A7;:G05:G' �Z(G�%$&�'gM ��7�7�:G0Y:G'6�S, :G+ U 02��(G:G'3�   W � ��79T&�Z�L: �`�%"6��L: 7 ,#, pS�=' :&+)(_M �%7A7;:G05:G'6�S,*"<�%$K(G/�4&���*� ' � :G"<'L[6|�/�4&�%+ ' $G��0YNG+ ( NG"3,1��:�,*"<'3"6�*/Zq�%$Q�����WÀ��Y�   q ���WÀ��I���2(G�=$C��' ���=:�,1+ ��7��%� � u���:&����p��%$&���="<$&�*"

�4 � �

�l�WÀ�� ® £ �WÀ��I� �4 � �

2 �WÀ����p 7 £ �WÀ��d:G$ �`�%$&7;,*"<�%$B(_M +1+ :G+ � uD�%:&��4O�%:6p��%$&��%:&�1�#"_/]7;+1"3+

 � 4 �4 � �

� ���ºÀ�� ® £ �ºÀ��*�I�  � 4 �4 � �

���WÀ�� ®  � 4X£ �ºÀ��I�  � 4 �4 � �

2 �WÀ��I� 2

� 4 �#,�'<�2(�"<0 $&�*"3��$e( � � ( :G"<�B�L: £ �WÀ�� �#,�NO�%+1$G/ ,��L: � �#,D�*:��?�*�%0X0 $�,m%+9�=$&( ( pS�%$�, � & U " � � 4 m�+1�%$&(&Woq�$&�%:&����N�, $G�%$&�e¾� � 2

� �02��J $G$ ( '<�D�#��+#,1" 7��%+1+ �#4O�%$&( �� 7;,*"0p 0 $L, @ 'gM $L,*+1/ ( 'PM �%(G(G"H,1"3��$G$ :&+ �{ 4 $&(&�=$L,Mq �#"�'6�8�*�%+*,*" 7��%+1+ �#4O�%$&( @ 'PM $L,*+1/ 5 $V0X��J $G$ qC7 $ M �-,Z4&�%��' 7���� @79T&�Z�L: "<$&�#,1�=$L, � i�$e(�/�[&$G"3,D4&�%+ �� '6�d�`�%$&7;,*"<�%$B(_M +1+ :G+�, '3' �L: � � � ®

�� �

� ����� � �� � =:��������=Q� ���� ��l�W�*� # � ���`��$&7 ,1"3��$ �#,�7 $L,*+1/ �U ( 02��J $G$ $L:&'3' W ,Z4 :�,�X�,*+ 4C/A+*"<��(�"g��: K $��`��$&7 ,1"3��$ ( '6�\pS�=' :&+D( 2 U [[m �:���<\ yLW � k�" 2 �   � ¡ � q�='<�%+9� � 4G+ $&(�+9�e'<��pS�=' :G+K(   ,1�%:&�K' � ¡ � 4C/A+*"<��( � � & � � �e4C/A+*"<��( ( 'gM +*+ :G+pS�=:&(�+9�X(��%$&7 ¡ � � & � '<' 7��%+1+ �#4O�%$&(G+1�Y/<m��%' 0 $L, @ '6�X4C/A+*"<��( ( 'gM +*+ :G+ � & �

B(t)

Te

Ts0 t

���W�Y� ���<\ yt� � �d�`�%$C7 ,*"<�%$Q(_M +1+ :G+ ��� �%+9�B��: �L: 2 �#,�4G+1��79T ( �5��:B(   q�'6�24C/A+*"<��( � (�/](�:G"3,��="6�#/A0 $L, �

� & � � &> 1 ÀI� 2��   ¢ 2 � U ���<\ z%W

� M /�$ +.m�" Z@ '6�4�`+1/M�L: $&7 � & 7��%+1+ �#4O�%$C(G�=$L, � + ,*+1�%:6p �*:G+d' �#4 7;,*+ [&$C�=' ,4 :�,KX;,1+ m�X�$&�%$�, �#" '3' R �#,,*+1�%4e4G+1��79T ( '6�X4C��+#, :&� �����-���� � #4��� �N � � � = "��� �I�� �� �����U�������

�! �>JL$&�%4�,1"0�L: (�:?7�"3+97;:&"H,a+1/A�%'3"6�#/ �#,�+ 4G+1/A� $L,1/��*:G+a'6�Z[[m%:&+ ���<\��C� i�$2+ ,*+1�%:6p :G$ t�Z� ��@ yE7 '3'<:G' �D( + ,1�%+1(Q(�/A'3"0p�+1�%$�,,1+*��"<��4GT&�%� �D(�"<�#,*"<$&7;, � � � � � 6 � � �Y(!M :G$

Page 124: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�� �G8��� ��� ��� � � �B� � � � � ����� \ zZy�*"?m�$&�=')( �`+*/@��: $&7 � �5"<�1�#:V(_M :&$>���17;"<'<'<�=, :&+ @ �L:&�%+#,�� � H�$J� J��#,>0�0 '3�=m%"g��: 7;��0 I4O���*/(_M :&$ � Á U $G�%,*+ �%7�7�:G0Y:&'<�=, :&+)05:G'3,*" I NG"3,1�9W�7;��0202�%$&( :G$2+ m%"6�#,*+ �@ (�/]7��='6�8m 7��%$L,*+*)%'</ � { ( +1$G" +)��7 ,1"3��$G$ ( �)"<$�, +1+*:&4�, :G+1�)( �h� )��%$ @ �*/�' 7 ,1"3��$G$ +�:G$ 4GTC�%� (�:F�*"?m�$&�='^4&�%+*02"^' �Z,1+*��"<�R4O���1�#"<NG' � � i�$V$ M �e4&���R+ 4G+*/]� $L,*/2�#:G+.' �>JL$&�%4�,1"0�L: ' 7�"3+97;:G"3,�(_M "3$G"3,*"6�='<"6�*�=,*"<�%$Q(�:Q+ m%"6�-,1+ R@ (�/A7A�='6�8m �

Quartz

Σ∆

Filtre

a

b

c

(a,b,c)=(1,0,0)B(t)

DL

K

N

k bits

n bits

S(t)

à décalageRegistre

Sélectionneur de phase

Boucle à verrouillage de retard

CP

de boucle

�#�W��� �G�3\ � �lk J�$G��4�,*"g�L: (�:Q02��(G:G'<�=, :G+

� � ��� �� � ���� � ��� � � �����������" � � � 0 � ��# � �/#���� � � # ��#4 # ���

�! 7�"3+97;:G"3, �#,N&�%�*/.�#:G+�'6�XNC��:&7;' .@ p +1+*��:G"<'3'6�8m ( (�/�'6�="6���L:G"_$G��:&����p �%"H,�� +Bp�"(G�%$&� 'PM �=4G4&'3"67��=,*"<�%$ 4&+*/]7;/A( $L, � � � , 79TG$&�%'<�Zm%" :G,*"<'3"6�#/ V �-, $&7;��+ :G$ �`�%"6�Q:G$4G+1��7;/](�/ � "W{��� \� / ¡ ��7 � ( ( TG"3'<"<4&� � � �Y'<"���$ R@ + ,1�%+1( �#,�(���$&7Z7;�%$C�-,1"H,1:G/ ( �7 '<'3:G' � ,D'6�5NO�%:C7;' K �#,D7;��$ );: 4O�%:G+��`�%$&7;,*"<�%$G$ +���� 7�:&$ �`+*/@�L: $&7 , J�4G"0�L: ( ¡ �*> ��� �

� ��:&�)+ 0E�=+K��:&�%$&�!��: M ��� 7a:&$ 0X��(�:&'<�=,*"<�%$57���(�/ �#:&+   ��NG"3,1���S"<' �#,)4O���1�#"<NG' ( ��/�$G/A+ +a:G$ �`+*/@��: $&7 ,*+*0A�d4G+1��79T YU =��/ � ¡ > � �LW)( '<�e�`+1/M�L: $&7 (_M /A79T&�%$�,1"3'<'<�%$&��� ( ��7��%$�� +#,1"<�1� :G+9� �%$&�='<����"0�L: �I $�:G02/�+1"g��: � Á ( 'gM �=+979TG"H, 7;,*:G+ TG��02��( JL$ H� � ( ( T&"3'<"34C� �� 'PM |�"6�-,9�=$L,�� ��M �#,�+9��C-��:�,*/�' 7;"<+17�:G"H,�( �#/A' 7 ,*"<�%$5( '6��4GTC�%� 7;��$&�#,*"3,*:G/�(_M :&$5�%( I(�"3,*"<�%$&$ :G+��#:&+   �RN&"H,9����(�:?+ ��"<�#,*+ �@ (�/]7��='6��� ,d( �1�.4&�=+*,*" '<���%"g�L: ( 7;�%$L,1+>)�' �� �*"��%$&�%'����W�*� �-,��=024G'<"3[&/.4&�=+�:G$B�%0X4&'3"3[C7��=, :G+�( 4G:G"6�1�*�%$&7 R $Q�*�%+*,*" �

Page 125: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

\�� � ������� ������ �� � � ����� ��� � � ��������� ������� �

N � " �!�U���� �=QP:���I�� �54&�=+*,*" '<����"0�L: �Y/�,*/R(�"<+ 7 , 0 $L,��>J�$L,*TG/�,*"6�#/ � $e7�"3+97;:G"3, @ 'gM �%"<( (�: '3� �%"67;" '

�"<'3"67;��$ $C� 0YNG' K@ 4&�=+*,*"<+�(�:Q02��( 0�' �h�%"H,D��� 7�' '<����"<7�" ' � � ��� �N ������ � �3����=Q�$� �� " �� ��

� �Y�*/�' 7;,*"<�%$?( '<�Y4GT&��� (G:8�#"��%$C�='C� �h�%"H, $8��7 ,1"��S�=$L,�'<�.4C�="<+ (G" � /�+ $L,*" '<' ( ,*+9�=$&�*"6�-,1�%+ 4C�=+ '6�Z�L: '3' ,1+1�%$&�*"H, ' �*"���$&�=' @ '6��4GT&��� �#��:GT&�%"H,1/ �U [ � �����<\�� W � �! 7�"3+97;:&"H, �#,a7;�%$C�-,1"H,1:G/( � , 4C�="<+ �)(G" � /�+ $L,*" '<' �^( ,1+1�%$&�#"6�#,*�%+9��NG"34O�%'6�="<+ � � {dTC�%7;:&$ '<�%"<�1� 4&�%�1� +��%:eNG'3���L: ' �(�" � /A+ $�,9���#"��%$&�%:�|8(�/A4GT&�%�*/A� � '3' ��*�%$L,��%7;,*"��%/ � �%+ �%7 Z@ ( �,*+9�=$&�*"6�-,1�%+9����� U > � � > 6 � / / / WZ�#"3,*:&/A� $L,*+ '<�e�#��:G+97 ( 7��%:G+9�=$L,e�o� , '<' � � � �N&�%�17;:&' �x¶ U � ³ W2(G: + ��"<�#,*+ e@ (�/]7��%'<��� 7;�%020E�=$C( $L,?7 �X,*+9�=$&�*"<�#,*��+1� ��� ( �h� )��%$ @ 7 ��: '6�X4&�="<+ ( ,1+1�%$&�*"<�#,*��+1���S,*,*+1"3N&:G/ .@ '<�X4GTC�%� �*�%:GTC�="3,*/ �*�%"3,��%7 ,1"�� ��! �*"���$&�='!( �*�%+*,*" ���W�*��7��%+1+ �#4O�%$&( �="<$&�*"!�=:Q�#"��%$&�%' @ 'PM /;,9�S,D( 4GTC�%� (G/A�*"3+1/ �

I 0

RC

RC

S (t)ϕ1S (t)ϕ1

S (t)ϕ2S (t)ϕ2

S (t)ϕ3S (t)ϕ3

S(t)

M2 M3M1

S(t)

Q1 Q2 Q3

�#�W��� �G�3\U� ��{d"<+17�:G"3,D( '<�E�*/�' 7;,*"<�%$Q( 4GT&�%� N � � � �I�

� �2[ ��:G+ ���<\ � 4G+1/A� $L, ' 0E�%�B�L: (�: 7;"<+97;:G"3,D+1/A�='<"6�#/.��� 7Z:G$ 4G+1��7;/A(G/ � "W{ I �� �� / ¡ ��7 � � ��$ J (�"6�-,1"3$ �%: '6�8'<"���$ 2@ + ,9�=+9(>7;��024C�L�#/ ( �87 '<'<:G' � @ + ,9�=+9(U :G$ T�:G"3,*" 0�0 � +*, @ 79T&�=+�� +K'<�V� 4�,*" 0�0 WK7;��'3'</ �Y' �5:G$ �5�%:�| �=:�,1+ �Y4O�%:G+5'3" I02"H, +R'PM "<$��&: $&7 ( ���S�%+*"6�S,1"3��$&�D( 4G+1��7;/A(G/�� ' 7;��0YNG"<$ :G+Z( 4&T&�%� :�,1"3'<"6�#/24O�%:G++*/]�='<"<� +�'<�.05:G'3,*"<4G'3"67��=,*"<�%$8( �`+1/M�L: $C7 4&�%+�:G$ $L,*" + � { '3:&" I 7;" �#,d4G'6�%7�/D�=:?02"<'3" :( �Z7 '3'<:G' �R�S[C$>( 02"<$G"<0X"6� +R' � +*+ :&+1��( , 024&�R( 4G+*��4&���L�S,1"3��$Q( �Z�#"��%$&�%:�|�L:G"&4O�%:G+1+9�="3,�(�/;,1/�+1"3��+ +a'<�K0Y:G'3,*"<4G'<"<7A�S,*"<�%$?( �`+*/@�L: $&7 ��0 XA0 �*"&' �X�`+1/M�L: $&7 �a( �`�%$&7;,*"<�%$G$ 0 $L, U 4 :e"3024O�%+*,1�=$L, �9Wa$ + $&( $L,�4C�%��7;+1"H,1"0�L: ��' ��4O���*"3,*"<�%$G$ 0 $L,1�( �d4&�%+#,1" � $L,1+ � '<' � � �! �#/A' 7 ,*"<�%$&$ :G+�( 4GT&�%� ��� 7�1�K4&�%+#,1" '3� �%"g�L: � �#,��*"3,*:G/$G�%$2'<�%"<$E( ' @ � ��$2+ ,*+1�%: � /��L�=' 0 $L,^' 7;�%024&�%+1�=, :G+^( 4GT&��� ,a'<�.7A�=4&��7;"3,*/�(�:[&'3,*+ ( NO�%:&7�' � � �%:&�)+ ,*+1�%: �%�%$C�!�=:&�1�*"L�*:G+^7 7;"<+17�:G"H,�'6���`��$&7 ,1"3��$Y( 0Y:G'3,*"<4G'<"<7A�S,*"<�%$( �`+*/@��: $&7 (�/]7;+1"H, (G�%$&��' 79T&�=4G"3,*+ �C� � M $&� 0YN&' ( 7 ��7;"<+97;:G"3,1�d:�,*"<' ����M /;, $&(�#:&+:G$ �*:G+*�h��7 ( ��/� � � 6 �

Page 126: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�� �G8��� ��� ��� � � �B� � � � � ����� \����

�#�W�Y� ���<\ � � ���.�L: (�:V7�"3+97;:G"3,R+ �%+1�%:G4&�%$L,�' ��( :�|��`�%$C7 ,*"<�%$C��( 0Y:&'H,1"34G'<"67��S,1"3��$4&�%+�:G$ $L,*" + ,�4&�=+:G$Q$G��0YNG+ �`+1��7 ,1"3��$G$ '��������- � � � �'� � � � � � ��� � � � ��� � 0��/# *� � � � ���'�/0��� � �� �

� � ������ �� �����

�! 7;"<+17�:G"H,d+ 4C�L� �*:G+�'6�.NO�%:&7�' �@ � +1+1�%:G"<'3'6��� ( (�/A'<�%"<�a(G/A7;+1"3, 4G+1/A7�/A( 020 $L,7��%$&7�: 4O�%:G+��`��$&7 ,1"3��$G$ +B��� 7 :&$ T&�%+1'3� � ( +1/F�`/A+ $&7 J@ ¡ �*> ��� � � ��4G'6��� ( ���`+1/M�L: $&7 �Y�>JL$L,1TG/;,1"<�1�=NG' � �#,X7��%$��`��+*0 ��� 7E7 '3' �%$G�%$C7;/ 4&�=+5'<� ,*TG/A�%+1" ¾( ¡ � > ��� @ 0 � � �*> ��� � � M �=4G4&'3"67��=,*"<�%$ (G+1�%"3$ :G$ 7;��:G+1�%$L,X(   � � µ ��� 7?:G$ �%'3"<0 $L,1�=,*"<�%$8( ¡ /� ° � � , 024&��( (�/�0E�%+*+9��� (�: �>J��-,*0�0 7;�%+1+ �*4C��$&(E�=:8, 024&��L: 0 ,)'6��NO�%:C7;' �@ �%7�7�+*��79T + � ¼c'��AM ���%"3,)(G�%$&7d(�:K, 024&��(_M �%7<�L:G"6�*"H,1"3��$4� ± ,� �   / ¡ 7�� �

Page 127: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

\�� � ������� ������ �� � � ����� ��� � � ��������� ������� �

� �� � �� ��$"����� � ������� � � = � � ���� �� � "�=��� �! NG+*:&"H,X, 0X4O�%+ '�0E�s|�"<02�%'�7��%+1+ �#4O�%$C( 7;�%020 7 '6�>�>/;,*/Q(�"3,2(&�=$&�5'PM /;,1:&(

,*TG/A�%+1"0�L: K@ :G$>�1�=:�,�( 4GT&��� � � M "<$�, +��S�='<' (_M +1+ :G+�4O�%:&+D:G$>�>J��-,*0�0 Y@ �27 '<'3:&' �S�=:�,�(G�%$&7�� ¢ � / / ��� � { '<�� ,*+9�%(G:G"H,�4&�=+�:G$.NG+1:G"H, , 024O�%+ '��-4G"67K� �!9 ³ , � ��/ �8À��^4O�%:G+'3��+1�B�L: '<�d�`+1/M�L: $C7 ( +1/F�`/�+ $C7 �S�=:�, ¡ �*> � � � � 9 ³ , ���/   0=À��Z4C��:G+ 0���/ �*> ��� �

� �� � �� � � ��� ���� ����!��� �� �� � � = � � ��� �� � � �U���I� ������ ,*,*�%$C� $ �S�=' :&+�'<�E7��%$L,*+1"<NG:�,*"<�%$ $BN&+*:G"3,D( 'gM ��7�7�:G0Y:G'6�S, :G+ � ( '6� )��%$&� I $G�%:&�

(G�=$C�Y' 7A�%�5��� 2 �#,54G+1��79T (   ¾ 2 � ��/ � � � 4O�%:&+t�h�%"3+ �%4G4&�=+9� $6,*+ :G$ 7'J I7;'<"<7�"H,1/ ( 'gM +*+ :G+ $��*�%+*,*" � �TG/���+*"g�L: 0 $�, � $ :�,1"3'<"<�1�=$L,X'PM /M�L:&�=,*"<�%$ �G�3\ � � $&�%:&��%N�,1" $&(�+1"3��$&�2:G$ �`+1/M�L: $&7 � & � ��/ �*> � � � ( �%:G+E$G�%,*+ 79TG�%"?| ( �S�=' :&+?( 2 �'<�l�`+1/M�L: $&7 ( �*�%+*,*" X �-,K(���$G$G/ 4C�=+R'<�l�`��+*05:G' �G� � � & � 0*0 /   > � � � ��$J4 :�,/��L�=' 0 $L,d( ��"3$ +d'6�K4&:G"<�1�1�=$&7 + '6�S,*"�� ( 7 ,#, TC�=+10X��$G"g��: � $e7;�%$C�#"6(�/�+9�=$L,��L: 'PM �%7A7;:G05:G'6�S, :G+)"3$L,*+1��(�:G"3,):&$ 02��(�:G'6�S,1"3��$Y( �`+*/@�L: $&7 �*:G4G4G'</�0 $�,9�="<+ ZU ��$57;��$&�*" I(!0�+ 4O�%:G+K7 '6����: M :G$ 0X��(�:&'<�=,*"<�%$J,*+1"<�%$ �%:&'<�%"3+ � :&$ "<$��&: $&7 �*"302"<'<�%"3+ E@ :G$ 02��(G:G'<�=,*"<�%$Q( , J�4 7����*"3$�:&� �

���W�*�I� � 1 Àx� ¡ ��� & � ® � � 1��Q� ¡ ��� & �*�*���� 7 � "3$&(G"<7 ( 02��(�:G'6�S,*"<�%$J( �`+*/@��: $&7 � ( �%:G+.( �D02��(�:G'6�S,1"3��$&�R( �h�%"3N&'

"3$C(�"<7 'PM T&�%+*02�%$&"0�L: 4&�=+9�%�*"3, �E7;�%020 4G:G"6�*�1�=$C7 ¾ � � �w�I� � ¡ � �¡ � ,

( ��:G+� , ��� ���%$e�%N�,1" $L,�:G$ 4G:G"6�1�*�%$&7 + '<�=,*"�� ( ¢   �� � � ��! �#4 7;,*+ 0 �#:&+*/ �#,.+ 4G+*/]� $L,*/2�#:G+R'6� [ �%:G+ ���<\ � � ¼c' �-,.7 $�,1+*/E�*:G+R'<�l�`+1/ I�L: $&7 �%/A$G/�+1/ � & � 0*0 /   > ��� � ��$B(�"6�-,1"3$ ��: ' �T&�%+*02��$G"0�L: ��4&�=+9�%�*"H, ��+9�=0 ;I$G/ ��4&�=+'gM �%7�7�:G0Y:&'<�=, :&+ @ ¢   ��� � �

,�/A7A�=+*,*/ ��( ��/� > � �5( '6�X4C��+#, :&� �

��������� � ������#4 � � # ��� �! NG+*:&"H,�, 024O�%+ '^(�:V0X��(�:&'<�=, :&+�$�:G02/�+1"g��: +1/A�='<"6�#/ �-,.7 +#, �D+ '<�=,*"�� 0 $�,

�%+9�=$&(K4C��:G+)7 +*,1�%"3$ ���%4G4G'<"<7A�S,1"3��$&���=:�|K�*4C/]7;"3[C7��=,*"<�%$&�)�#/���0A+ � � { 4 $&(&�=$L,�(!M �%:�,*+ �7;��0X0 'PM /A79T&�%$L,*"<'3'<�%$&��� $&/A7 �*�1�="<+ Y@ � > ���?(_M :G$F�#"��%$C�=' � '<: ,*���=,1T $L,*+ �1�8(G/ I02��(G:G'<�=,*"<�%$ ,��*�%$Y,*+9�="3, 0 $�,a$�:G02/A+*"g�L: ZU 7o�_79T&�=4&"H,1+ \ W�4 : � $L,VX;,1+ � $���"6�*���%/ � ��! � J��#,>0A0 ,*��'W0A+ :G$ R +1+ :G+d, 0X4O�%+ '<' �*:G+�' ���`+1�%$L,9��( 'gM T&�%+1'3� � (   ¡ /�sÀ�� U 7F�79T&�=4&"H,1+ \ W �

�! +*"6�.�L: (_M :G$ 02�%: �S�="6� TG�%+1'3� � �-,B( N&�="6�*� +e'6��� $&�*"3N&"3'<"H,1/V(�: 7;"<+17�:G"3, �� �%$&�?:&$ �%4G4G'<"<7A�S,*"<�%$ � '<: ,1���=,*T ��"<' �-,Q( 0E�=$C(�/ :G$ � $&�*"3NG"<'<"H,1/V( ¢ � � � � �4C��:G+8:&$ �t�4� �   � ¤ � � ( ��:G+80 �#:G+ +E:&$ � $&�*"<NG"3'<"3,*/��d"3'Z�#:6�X,Q( (�/�, +*02"<$ +' ,1�%:�| (_M +1+ :G+5N&"3$&�%"3+ @ '6� +1/A7 4�,*"<�%$�4C��:G+E(�" � /�+ $L, �54G:G"6�*�1�=$&7 �X( �#"��%$&�%:�|+ );: ��=:Q$G"�� �=:Q( 'PM �=$L, $G$ � $Q4G+9�S,1"0�L: �G�%$Q7;��0X4G,1�=N&"3'<"<� ' $G�%05NG+ �`��"<���L: 'PM "<$��`�%+10E�S,*"<�%$X02��(�:G'</ � $��%��J�/ �=:E7;"<+17�:G"3,^(G" � 0�+ ( 7 '3' 0 �#:&+*/ �@ '6�R�#��+#,1" 4O�%:G+:G$ �L:&�%$�,1"H,1/.(_M "<$��`��+*0E�S,1"3��$8,1+1�%$&�*0X"6� �

Page 128: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

�� �G8��� ��� ��� � � �B� � � � � ����� \�� �

�#�W��� �G�3\ �f� �4 7;,*+ ( '<�2�*�%+*,*" '3��+1�B�L: � �&� ¡ �*> ��� � 2 �'��/ � � � ,�� �  �! NC�=$&7Q( , �#,?0X"6� $b4&'<��7 Q �#,?' �*:G"��S�=$L, U [ � �.���<\�� W � H�$ ��/�$G/A+1�=, :&+2(

�*"���$&�=:6| $��%��" :G$ �*"��%$&�%'�+1��(�"<� I �`+*/@��: $&7 JU � ^W202��(G:G'3/ U � � WE( 4G:G"6�*�1�=$&7 �S�=+1"6�=NG' �@ 'gM $�,1+*/ (!M :G$Q7;"<+97;:G"3, � � '3: ,*���%,*T � � '6�X�*�%+*,*" ( 7 '<:G" I 7�" ��$G��:&��+1/A7;: I4O/�+1�%$&��' �*"���$&�='G(G/�02��(�:G'</ � ¼c'C��M ����"H,�(_M :G$?�*"���$&�='�N&"3$&�%"3+ ( �`+1/M�L: $&7   > � 1 � � / � ¤ � �¼c' �-, $&�#:&"H, �#:G+ I /A79T&�%$�,1"3'<'<�%$G$G/ @ �*> ��� �

UAA 3558PHILIPS

14

ModulateurNumérique

Compteur

∆τ

de signauxmodulés

Générateur

Sur−échantillonage

Quartz

Diviseur

32MHz

8MHz

26MHz

_+

CircuitBluetooth

���W�Y� ���<\�� � � �=$&7R( , �#,�! 7;"<+97;:G"3,X+ ,9�=+9(G�=$L,Y' �#"��%$&�%' �):G$b(�/�'6�="�S�=+1"<�%NG' 4 +*0 ,2( �>JL$C79TG+*��$G"6� +Y'

�*"���$&�='�(G: ��/�$G/A+1�=, :G+E(�: �#"��%$C�='+ );: � )"3$&�%' 0 $L,?' �?(�" � /A+ $&7 � $L,*+ ' �ENG"3,1���/�$G/A+*/]� ,D7 :�| @ '<�2�*�%+*,*" (�:B7;"<+17�:G"H,��*�%$L,�(�/�$&�%0YN&+*/ ��4&�%+�:&$Q7��%024�, :G+ �

$E4G+9�S,1"0�L: �='gM TG��+*'<��� @ �*> ��� �-,a��N�, $L: (_M :G$ K(����Q $L,*" 0�+ ;I � ,*+9�=$C�#'6�S,9�=$L,:G$Q�*"���$&�='_(   > � � @ �*> � � � � �%$&��$G�%,*+ Z |�4C/A+*" $&7 ��$G��:&��#��020 ��4&�=+*,*"6��(_M :&$

Page 129: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

\�� � ������� ������ �� � � ����� ��� � � ��������� ������� �

�L:&�=+*, �?:G,*"<'3"6�#/84C��:G+Y' �X7;"<+17�:G"3,1� � @ ¡ � > ��� � � �=,1+ 0X��(�:&'<�=, :&+Y$�:G02/�+1"0�L: 7;��$ � +*,*"3,d7 ,#, �`+1/M�L: $&7 � $ ¡ > ���t��: M :G$e(�"��L"6� :G+�( �`+1/M�L: $&7 ��4C�=+ 0Y+9�=0Y0�$ @ �*> ��� � ( ��:G+�7 '<� � �   , 2 �%��/   ¡ � ��! �e+1/A�*:G'3,1�S,9�Q�#��$�,e"<( $L,*"g�L: �w�L: 'g�L: �#��"H,Q' , J�4 (_M TG��+*'<��� :�,*"<'<"<�*/ � � �%:&�0 �*:G+*��$&��' ��� $&�*"3N&"3'<"H,1/A��*:G"�� �%$L, �e¾

(d� � 7;'6�%�1�#"g�L: B��(�:&'<�=, :&+$L:&0X/A+*"g�L: $&�*"3NG"<'<"H,1/ ¢ �   � � � ¢ �   � � �

� ���!� �G� � � $C�#"<NG"<'3"3,*/.0 �*:G+1/ $l�`�%$&7;,*"<�%$B( 'gM TG��+*'<��� (_M /A79TC�=$L,*"<'3'<�%$C��� { ��+*/]�#:G'3,1�=,1�_$ 79T&�%$ � $�,�4&�%�!��: 'g��: �#��"H,�' � �S�=' :&+1�!( 2 , � U �%$.+ 024G'6�%7

�='<�%+9�E'gM �L�*7�"3'<'<�=, :G+ @ �L:&�%+#,�� 4&�%+8:G$ ��/�$G/A+1�=, :G+8( �`+*/@��: $&7 �S�=+1"<�%NG' ��: 'PM �%$�%(G�%4�, �=:�| � , 2 79TG��"<�*"<� 4C��:G+��%N�, $G"<+)'<���`+*/@��: $&7 ¡ > ��� � � ��:&� $5(G/A(�:G"6�*�%$&�(��%$C7x��: $G�=,1+ �>J�$L,*TG/�,*"6� :G+Y( �`+1/M�L: $&7 �.$ 4 +*,*:&+*N 4&���.' �.0 �*:G+ �.0YX�0 ,*+*0A��[&$ ��( '6�2� $&�#"<NG"<'3"3,*/K(!M :G$B7�"3+97;:G"3, � '3: ,*���%,*T �

� � ������� �!� � � ��! 02��(�:G'6�S, :G+�$�:G02/�+1"0�L: ( 4GT&��� 4 :�,KX�,*+ :�,*"<'3"6�*/K7;�%020 � J�$L,*T&/;,*"6� :G+( �`+*/@�L: $&7 � � �%:&� $ ���%��$&���S�='<"<(G/E' �.4G+1"3$&7�"34 �K,*TG/A�%+1"0�L: �.(G�=$C�.:G$ �%4G4G'<"<7A�S,1"3��$

� '3: ,*���=,1T � � 7;"<+97;:G"3,Y+1/A�='<"6�#/ �-,5���*� �?�*"<0X4&' ? ,5'gM ��$ �#,5�%�1� �E'<�%"<$ ( �Y'3"<02"H, �( 7 , JL4 (_M �%+179T&"H, 7 ,1:G+ � � � |�4G+ �1�*"3��$&�,1TG/���+*"g�L: ���S�='<"<(�/ ��$G�%:C��4 +10 ,*, $L,7 4 $&(G�=$L,D(_M $���"6�*��� +�( NG" $Q0 "<'<' :G+ ��4 +*�`��+*0E�%$&7 � ,D( ��=4G4G'<"67��S,1"3��$&��4G'<:&�'<�%+ � � � { 4 $&(G�%$�, ��'<�X(�"6�*7�+*/�,*"6�*�=,*"<�%$8( '6�54GT&�%� Z ,'PM �=NC� $&7 ( [&'3,*+9��� (�:eNG+*:&"H,( �L:&�=$L,1"H[C7A�S,1"3��$X$&�%:&���`��$L,�(�"3+ �L: ' �a�%4G4G'<"<7A�S,*"<�%$C�^' �^4G'<:&� |�"�� �=$L, � $X, +*0 ( NG+1:G"3,( 4GT&�%� $ 4 : � $L, X;,*+ R $���"<�1����/ ����� 7�'PM �=+979TG"3, 7 ,*:&+ 4G+1/A� $L,*/ �

Page 130: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� � ������ � ��� � ( ( & � ��#

{ ,*, ,*T�0A� � 4C��:G+R�%N!C 7 ,1"C��( 02��$�,1+ +Z7��%020 $L,K( $G�%: � �%:�| � J��#,>0�0 �Z( �>J�$�,1T 0A� ( �`+*/@��: $&7 �Z4C�%, $�,1" '3' 0 $�,.+1/A�%'3"6�*�%NG' �Z(G�=$&�Z:G$J4G+1��7;/A(G/5$�:G02/�+1"g��: 4 : � $L,�,1+*��: � +' :G+D4G'6�%7 (G�%$&�D( �D�%4G4G'<"<7A�S,*"<�%$C���=$&�%'3� �%"g�L: ��4O�%:G+�' ��,*/A'3/]7;��0 I05:G$G"67��S,1"3��$&�)02�%NG"<' � � � �%:&�^�����%$&� �%��:G'3:X���%��"3+):G$ 7;��024G+*/AT $C�#"<�%$&�*(_M �=$&�%'3� �%"67;" $}�( �d� ��4 +*�`��+*0E�%$&7 � ,�$G�%:C�d�����%$&�^4&+*��4C�L�#/ $?4&�%+#,1"<7�:G'3" + �%:&$ �`��+*05:G'6�S,*"<�%$E4&+*/ I7�"<� ( �.7A�=+9�%7 ,1/�+1"<�#,*"g�L: �Z( NG+1:G"3,.( 4GT&�%� ( �.NO�%:C7;' 2@ � +1+*��:G"3'<'6��� ( (�/�'6�="6����%"3$&�*"#��: ( :�|��=+979TG"3, 7 ,*:&+ �5( �>JL$L,1TG/;,1"<� :G+9�X( �`+1/M�L: $&7 �57��%$&�#,*+1:G"3,1�2�=:G,*�%:&+(_M '<' � �{ ,*, 4G+*/]� $L, + � |�"<�%$Q"<$G"3,*"</ 4&�%+�'gM "<$&(�:&�#,*+1" � ��M �#,�4C��+#,1/ �*:G+�'PM �=4G4&'3"67��=,*"<�%$( ��NC��:&7;' � @ � +*+1�%:G"<'<'<��� ( (�/A'<�%"<���=:6| 7;"<+17�:G"3,1��4C��:G+�' �� J��#,>0A0 ��( 7��%020Y:&$G" I7A�S,*"<�%$e02�%NG"<' 2U � ��H� � � ��� H �� � � �3�<� W �{�M �#,84C��:G+K��:&�%" �a:G$ 4G+ 02" +?79T&�%4G"H,1+ � /;,*/ 7��%$&�1�%7�+*/ @ '6� 4G+1/A� $L,1�=,*"<�%$ ( �$G��+*0 �8( 7;�%0205:G$G"67��S,1"3��$&� 0X��NG"<' (�: 02�%0 $�, ��( �e�=+979TG"H, 7;,*:G+ � ( 7�"3+97;:G"3,1�7��%:G+9�=$L, � ,Y( �L: '0�L: �R+1�%4G4 '6�K�#:&+.' �K�#4O/A7�"H[O7;"3,*/A�Y(�: �#"��%$&�%' ,Y( �#��$JN&+*:G"3, �{ 79T&�=4&"H,1+ 5 �#,R$&/A7 �*�1�="<+ �S[&$F( 7;��0X4&+ $&(�+ 4O�%:G+K�L:G�%"�' NG+1:G"3,�� 4G+1� � $&�=$L,Z( (�"�� +1� �K�%+1"���"3$ ���)��C-��:�,*/8�%:��*"���$&�=' �#,5:G$ /A'3/A0 $L,X7�' �D'3��+1�B�L: 'gM ��$�7;��$ );� $<,X:G$7�"3+97;:G"3,�/�' 7 ,1+*��$G"g��: � ,�4G'<:&�)4&�=+*,*"67;:&'3" 0�+ 0 $L,):G$X�>J�$L,*TG/�,*"6� :G+)( �`+1/M�L: $&7 � � {�M �#,�*:G+�7 ( +*$G" + $ ��O ,f�L: + 4O��� :G$ �%+9�=$C( 4&�=+*,*" ( �D4 +.�`�%+10E�=$&7 � $ NG+1:G"3,(_M :G$B7;"<+97;:G"3, ��[C$ (_M �����%"<+�:G$ ��"6�#"<�%$Q�%N C 7 ,1"�� ( �4 +.�`�%+10E�=$&7 �( �D�>J�$�,1TG/;,1"<� :&+1�( �`+1/ I�L: $&7 NC�%�*/A�D�*:G+�' � �Z� � ���O$G�%:&�����%��$&��7;��$&�1�%7;+1/.' ( :�|�"W0A0 79T&�=4G"3,*+ Y@ '6�?4&+*/ I� $L,1�=,*"<�%$>( �Z� J�$L,*TG/�,*"6� :G+9��( �`+1/M�L: $C7 ��4&�%+*02")' ��4&'3:&�Z4 +.�`�%+10E�=$L,1� $ , +10 ( NG+1:G"3,D( 4GT&��� R ,�' ��4G'3:C�+*/A4&�=$C(�:&���=:�C-��:G+9(_M T�:G"X¾&' � (�� � � �

H�$ �`�%"6�X7 ,*, +*/<�`/�+ $&7 (�/�[&$G" �)$G�%:&�X���%��$&�.4G:�"3$L,*+1��(�:G"<+ ' �Y'<"���$ � @ � + I+1�%:G"<'<'<��� ( (�/A'<�%"<�2(G�%$&�X' ,*+1�%"6�*"W0A0 79T&�%4G"H,1+ � � �%:&�2�����%$&�5"3$C�#"6�-,1/e�*:G+2' �X4 + I�`��+*0E�=$C7 �Z�S,*, $&(�: ��4C�=+R'PM "<$ �%/A$G" :G+��#�%$&�='<����"0�L: �P¾_' NG+*:&"H,K( 4GT&��� � 7A�=+.7 ,#, ���#4 7;,���� �%"H,a/�,*/VC-:C�.�L:!M @ 4G+1/A� $L,a4 :?/;,1:&(�"</ @ 7��%:&� ( '6����:C�%�*" I :G$G"g�L: :�,*"<'<"H,1/D( ��Z� � �K4O�%:G+X' �Y7�"3+97;:G"3,1�5$�:G02/�+1"0�L: � � { 79T&�%4G"H,1+ � (��%$C7?/;,1/8'gM ��7A7��%�*"<�%$ ( 4&+*� I4O��� +:G$ �`�%+10Y:G'6�S,1"3��$ �%/�$&/�+9�=' 4&'3:&�D4G+1/A7;"6� ( �4 +.�`�%+10E�=$&7 � $BNG+*:&"H,�(&�=$&�' �(���0E�="<$ ���`+1/M�L: $�,1" '<� ,^, 0X4O�%+ '6� � �! 7;"<+97;:G"3,a+*/]�='<"<�*/�(_M :&$ NO�%:&7�' @ � +*+1�%:&"3'<'<��� ( (�/A'<�%"<�.�e/�,*/E(�/A7�+*"3, ,Y� �Z4 +.�`�%+102�%$&7 � �#,*"<0X/ ����+��7 2@ '6� ,*TG/A�%+1" /�$&�%$&7�/ �� M |�4O/�+1"<0 $L,1�S,1"3��$>02�%$L,1+ '<�e4G+1/A7�"<�*"<�%$>( 'gM �-,1"30E�=,*"<�%$ ,K�*�Q�*:G4O/�+1"3��+*"3,*/2�#:&+Z' �+9�=+ �d02��( 0�' ���L:G"_4O�%: �S�%" $�, |�"<�#, + �

�! �L:&�=,*+1"W0A0 79T&�=4G"3,*+ ,*+9�="3, (!M :G$ 4G+ 02" +B, J�4 ( � J�$L,*TG/�,*"6� :G+>( �`+1/ I�L: $&7 � � � �%:&�5Jb�����%$&� |�4O���*/Q,*T&/��%+1" 4G+*/]7;"6� (G: NG+*:&"H,8( 4GT&�%� B , '<� 4C�=+*,*" I

\�� �

Page 131: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

\�� ¹ ������� ������ �� � � ����� ��� � � ��������� ������� �

7;:G'6�=+1"3,*/�( (�/�, +102"3$ +�:G$ �*4 7 ,1+ (_M :G$ �`��$&7 ,1"3��$ 7 J�7�'3� I �#,1�=,*"<�%$G$C�="<+ � � ��:&�d�����%$&�02"<� $ /���"<( $&7 7;�%020 (G�%$&�2' ,*+1�%"6�#" 0�0 79T&�=4&"H,1+ 'gM ��O , ( '6�FNC��:&7;' �#:&+E' NG+1:G"H,�( 4GT&��� Z ,'gM "<$��&: $&7 $&�=,1�%NG' ( �� �%+*"6�S,1"3��$&��( 4G+*��7�/A(�/Z�#:G+�' �#4 7;,*+ (�:�#"��%$C�='G( �*�%+*,*" � � �), �#,1�a�*:G+�( �a7;"<+97;:G"3,1�^+1/A�%'3"6�*/A� ,�/�,*:&(G"3/]�a(G�=$C�a7 79T&�%4G"H,1+ ���S� I'3"6( $�,�'6�5,*TG/A�%+1" � �! ��4 +*�`��+*0E�%$&7 ��( 7 ��>J��-,*0�0 �D�#��:�,*" $G$ $L,'<�E7��%024&�=+9�="6�*�%$��� 7Y' �.�>J��-,*0�0 �R/@��:&"��S�=' $L,9� @ NC�%� ( (d� � ,.4 +10 ,#, $L, �%+ �%7 X@ ' :G+e�h�%"3N&' NG+1:G"H,�4G+*0A��( '<�4�`+*/@��: $&7 ( '<�Y4C��+#, :&� (!M X�,*+ :�,1"3'<"6�#/]��(&�=$&��( ���=4&4G'3"67��=,*"<�%$&��( +1��(�"<� I 7;�%0205:G$G"67��S,1"3��$ @ N&�%$&( /;,1+*��"H, ( , JL4 �� ( X�%:P¼ U 7��%020 ���17;"<'3'6�S, :G+'3��7A�=' ( �`+1/M�L: $&7 "3$L, +*02/](�"<�%"3+ (&�=$&��( ���=+979TG"3, 7 ,*:&+ �aTG/�,*/�+1��(!J�$ � @ NO�%:C7;' ( 02��(G:G'<�=,*"<�%$ �

�! 7�"3$9��:&"W0A0 > ,e( +1$G" + 79T&�%4G"3,*+ B |�4C�L� ' 4G+*"<$&7�"34 (_M :G$ �>J�$�,1TG/;,1"<� :&+ ( �`+*/@�L: $&7 �84G+*� �%+9�=020E�=NG' �2NC�%�*/>�#:&+ '6� 02��(�:G'6�S,*"<�%$ $L:&0X/A+*"g�L: (_M :G$ �*"��%$&�%'�( +*/<�`/�+ $&7 � � �%:&�Y���%�%$C�R4G+*��4C�L�#/E:&$ /;,1:&( ,1TG/���+*"g�L: �S�='<"<(G/ 4&�%+K'PM |�4O/�+1"30 $�,9� I,*"<�%$ � � �e+*/]�='<"<�1�S,1"3��$>(_M :G$ 7;"<+17�:G"H,.4G+1�=,1�=, J�4 �e4 +10X"6�.( �S�='<"<( +.�#��$J�%4G4G'<"<7A�S,1"3��$(G�=$C�K:G$ �=4G4G'<"67��S,1"3��$ ( 7��%020Y:G$&"<7A�S,*"<�%$ 02��NG"3' � { �>J�$�,1TG/;,1"<� :&+Y( �`+1/M�L: $&7 �#,��*:&7A7 4G,*"<NG' (_M � � +*"<+�:&$ �%'H, +1$&�S,1"�� �%:�| (�� � �)7��%020 TG��+*'<��� ( 7;��$ � +*,*"6�*� :&+�#�%$&�='<����"0�L: �I $�:G02/A+*"g�L: �R4C��:G+Z(G" � /�+ $L, �D$&�%+10 ��( 7;��020Y:G$G"67��=,*"<�%$ � � �?,*TG/A�%+1" /�$G��$&7;/ 0 , $ �S�=' :G+�' 4O�=, $L,*" '!( 7 ��� J��#,>0�0 � U 4&�=+�'gM :�,1"3'<"6�*�=,*"<�%$ ( 02��(�:G'6� I, :G+1� � Á 4G'<:&�/����%'<:G/A�9WY��: M "<'!+ �#, .@X |�4C/A+*"<0 $L, + �{ ,#, ���%" ? |�4G'<�%+9�S,1�%"<+ 2 �-, @ 0 ,*,*+ 8 $�4&�=+9�='<'W0A' ?@ (_M �=:�,1+ �K�%4G,*"<�%$&�5( + ;I79T +979T (G�%$&�E'6� 7;��:G+1� @ 'gM "<$L,*/���+1�=,*"<�%$ ( �87;"<+97;:G"3,1� � �"�$G�%:&� ���%��$&�2"<7�"D79T +179TG/@ 7�+*/ +2( �t�`�%$&7;,*"<�%$&�2�%$&�='<����"0�L: �Y��� 7E:G$ 4G+*��7�/A(�/ 0X"?|�, �%:b�=$&�%'3� �%"g��: � $&�%:&�4C��: �%��$&��=:C�*�*"_+ 79T +979T + @ + 024G'6�%7 +�' ��7��%024C�L�*�%$L,1��=$C�='<���%"g�L: ��4&�%+�( �D7;�%0 I4C�L�*�%$L,1�^$�:G02/�+1"g��: �a(G�%$&�^' �a7�"3+97;:&"H,9���=$C�='<���%"g�L: � U {dT � ( TG"3'<"<4&��¾L(�/�� '<�%4G4 0 $�,(�:Q4G+1��7�/A(�/ � I {��� GW �

�="6��+1���*� 05NG' +�#:&+:G$ 0YXA0 02��+17 �=:e( �*"3'<"<7�"3:&0 ,*��:�, ��' �#�`�%$&7;,*"<�%$&��/A' 7 I,*+1�%$G"g�L: ���AM ����0�+ � $&7;��+ (�"C�?7�"3' �%7;,*: '3' 0 $L,�4C��:G+a(�" � /A+ $L, �)+9�="6�#��$&� � � M �%024G'3"3[ I7��=, :&+a( 4G:G"6�*�1�=$&7 ( �#��+#,1" ( ��� J��#,>0�0 �)( 7;�%0205:G$G"67��S,1"3��$ �-,a4G+1"<$&7;"<4&�=' 0 $�,+*/]�='<"<�*/E�#:&+.:G$ �#:&N&�-,1+1�=,4�D� I �R���L: ' �#"<'<"<7�"3:G0 $ 4&�%+ ��" $L,K4&�%� @ /����%' + � � �e7�� IT&�=N&"H,9�S,*"<�%$ ( �.7;"<+17�:G"3,1�K�%$&�='<����"0�L: �Z��� 7X( �Y7;"<+17�:G"H,9�.$�:G02/�+1"0�L: �Z,*+*0A�.N&+*: JL�=$L,1�$!M �#,�4&�%��,1�%:�C-��:G+9��T :G+ :C� � � M �=:G,*+ ���*�%'<:�,*"<�%$C��=4G4&�%+1�%"<�1� $L,��%'3��+1���G7;��020 'gM $ I7��%4&�#:&'<�=,*"<�%$ ( ��(�" � /�+ $L,1�7�"3+97;:G"3,1�(&�=$&�:&$ NO�%"3,*" +�:&$G"H[O7��S, :G+ �

�! �?$G�%: � '<' � �%��" �E(_M /�,*:&( �%/A$ 0�+ $L,?79T&�%7�:G$ ( $&�%: � �=:6|�4G+1�%NG' 0�0 � � � �(�"�� +9�*"H,1/R( � ���%" �( + 79T +179T Z ,�'<� ��"��%: :G+�( � �� �%+*,1�(�/A4G'<��J%/A��4C�=+' �"<$&(�:&� I,*+1" '<���*:G+7 �*:�C ,���0 ,*, $L, $ '3:G02" 0�+ 'gM $�C :6| �1� $L,*" '`��: M �-,�'PM "<$�,1/���+1�=,*"<�%$E4G'<:&�4C��:&�1�#/ ( ���`�%$C7 ,*"<�%$C��/�' 7 ,1+*��$G"g��: ��4O�%:G+�7 (�/�NG:G,D( ���� ¼<0A0 �*"W0]7;' �

Page 132: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� �������������

������������������ �"!$#&%('�)+*,�"�.-0/213-4!$'653�.7 98;:=<>�@?BAC�"-�� #&?ED�13F����.#HGJI(1K-(#MLONBPQ!6R �S# 98;T+���@� �URVP@D�%(��!$�.�(�.#=)SW@7 ���3'X!6�Y!6��1K-Z���"'[/21B?B#&P 98;T9\]�@�&�URVP@D�%(��!$�.�(��#^)�W_7 ���3'X!6�Y!6��1K-Z���3'_`('67&a4%(#&-��U#VP 98;Tcbd�@�&�UR&P@De%(�Y!6������#M)SW@7&���"'$!$��!$�.13-f?(�"-�P���#Mgh# �S��P�^ 9ij/213-OA3#&'X!6�.P6P$# %('��_-��3��1Kk3�la4%(#Umon_%(�S7&'$�la4%(#�^i� p/213-OA3#&'X!6�.P6P$# %('�n_%(�S7&'$�la4%(#Umo�_-��3��1Kk3�la4%(#�^:d/21K�S���"'q�C!6# %('@?B#,GJI��KPX#�^:H\r/21K�S���"'q�C!6# %('@?B#,GJI��KPX# ms`�'$7Va4%(# -�� #t ��<vu��.k3��!6�3�h/213�S�=%(-��.�&�C!$�.13-�LONBPX!$# �tEw �^bdu��.k3��!6�3�yxJ%('613�z#&�3-�/21K'6?(��#VP$P�gh# �.# �(I(1K-(#tE{|{ u[# �l�}N9~y1B�q�K#&?9~�1O13������13%�� ��#H)�A3#&'$'6'$1K%(�.���l�"kK#�?B#M?B7&�.�3�.Pwct � w xJ-�I��"-�� #&?fuc�C!6����1K'�*HLBD�xJA31K��%(!$�.13-w b^<y�cxJ%�'$1K��#V�"-fg�7 �.7&�U1K�S�=%(-(�l� �"!$�.13-�L4!6�3-�?(�3'6?(P��o-�PX!$��!$%(!6P\@�,`('6#&a4%(#&-��U#,�o-4!$#&'$�S7&?(�.�3��'6#�E\�<���*,�3%�P$P$�l�"-Z`�'$#Va4%(# -�� NZLOI(����![�,#&N4�.-(k�E8�<���*,�3%�P$P$�l�"-fD���-����^%(��LOI��Y��![�,#&NO��-(k�E:HTE<�*c# -(#&'6�3�zG��K�q�3#U!_W_�K?B�.1+LB# '6A4�l�U#��<�8�*c�.13F��3��LONBPQ!6# ��D�13F(�.�.#�0� :=<��p��NOF('$�l?B#^�[%��K?B'q�C!$%�'$#[GJI��3P$#=LOI(����!��,# NO�.-(k{ i� �~�1C��n�13�lPX#H�_�S�(�.����# 'M� �_�S�(�.����� �"!$# %�'����"�.F(��#HF�'$%(��!i0�|�U\�n�#&�3'[�z# '61^�o-4!6# '6��#V?B�l�C!$#H`�'$#VaK%�# -�� N� � :=<y����� P$#U!c�[%��3?B'q�C!6%('$#cGJI��KPX#MLOI��Y��![�,#&NO��-(k: {|{ GJI��3P$#H~y1B�q�3#V?Z~�1O13���(�21K%��U�.#H)�A3# '6'613%(�.���l�"kK#[?B#H��I��3P$#T9\�W_�3?(��13��'$7VaK%�# -�� #T��+8�W_�"-�?B13�¡�@�&�U#VP$P@D�#&�S13'6N¢ 8£b^<>¤�-(��AK# 'qP$�3�yD�13F����.#Hg�#&��#V�U13�S�^%(-(�l� �C!6��1K-ELONBPX!$#&�¥ �S�§¦�13��!6�"kK#=/213-4!$'613�.��#V?E�cP6�U�.���l�C!613'¨ � t 8£ ª©��.?(#HF��"-�?�/21B?B#Mu[��AO�lPX�.13-fD�%(��!$�.�(�.#M�@� �U#VP$P

«&¬�«

Page 133: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

«&¬�� ���������� ���������������������������� ����!�"����#��

Page 134: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��������� �� � �§ � ��� � ����� � � �@� � ��� ��� ���� ��� �� ��� � � �@� � � ��� � � �@�

���ª�@��� ��� � � ����� � �@����� � � ]� � �n_1K%�PM�}AK13-�Pc�S13-4!$'67 ��7Va"! ¬ ! «&¬$# a4%(#+�.#+F('6%(�Y!=?(#+�(I��3P$#&%')(+*-,/. )f�l�EP$13'$!$�.#+?B#+�l�

� # �.��%(�.# , P10 #32O��'$�.�S#,?(#H�.�^���54 13-fPX%���AC�"-4!6#+�

6'87:9 6'<;>=/?A@ 7BCED<F 6'�*HGI.8J ,KMLON P LQR@ P LTS<UBCED:F 6'�*HGV.W@YX[ZH\^]QR@ P L 6_ La` @ Q XbZQR@ P L 6c Led�f1gn_1K%�P9�3���.13-�P9P$%(�(�z1KP$# '��.#&PE�U1K-K!6'$�.F(%B!6��1K-�P�?B#VP�F('6%(��!6P 6_3La` #U! 6chLed�f P$13-4!9-�7 k3�.��m

kK#&�"F���#VPO��I4NO�z1"!6I(R&P$#��U13'6'613Fz13'67 #+���3'��l�>PX�.�=%��.�"!$�.13- # ! �hA3#V� Qi9kjml+nWo # !bp *Hoq.b9? Ur ?tsW? Uvu �H0 #w2B�('6#&P6PX�.13-E?B# AO�.# -4!H�

6'<7x*Hoq.y9 6'8;x=/?h*zoq.{@ 7BCED<F 6'�*HG � oq.8J ,KRL p *Hoq. S8UBCwD:F 6'�*zG � oq.LO1K��#&-K!}| 7~*zoq. u | ;x=�?I*zoq. #U![| *Hoq. ��#VP=?B#&-�PX��!$7VP=P$��#V� !6'6�3��#VP=?B#�F�'$%(��!6P^?B#9�l�eP$13'$!$�.#?B#E�l��� # �.��%���# , u ?B#f�H0 I(13'6�.13k3#E?B#f'$7 ��7 '6# -�� #Z# !�?q0 %�-(#��U# �.�.%(��#�) '$# !6�3'6? �('$�lP$#EP$# %(�.# u'6#&P$��#V� !6��AK# �S# -4!1!(n�13%�P@�}AK13-�P[� | 7 *Hoq.y9 6' 7 *Hoq. 6'y�7 *zoq.

| 7 *Hoq.y9�� 6' ;>=/? *Hoq.{@ 7BCED:F 6'�*HG � oq.8J ,K L p *zoq. S<UBCED:F 6'�*HG � oq.z��� 6' �;>=/? *Hoq.W@ 7BCED:F 6' � *zG � oq.<J ,K L p � *Hoq. S<UBCED<F 6' � *HG � oq.z�~y#VP�F('6%(�Y!qP@k37&-(7 '67&P����3'@��#VP@�U#&���.%(�.#&P@P$13-4!_?B7&� 13'6'$7&��7VP�?(# %v2f)�?(# %v20�� ,��9�j '87~*zoq./' �r *zoq.�9��

«&¬K¬

Page 135: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

«&¬�� � � ������ � � �������" �� ������� ���� ��� � �" #����� #��"������ �� ��� ��� ��� # �� ��� � ��� ��� ��� �������u�1K-��S�

| 7 *zoq.�9 �� 6' ;>=/? *Hoq. 6' �;>=/? *Hoq.{@� 7 CED:F 6'�*zG � oq. 6' � *HG � oq.W@ � 7S<U��� p *Hoq. p � *Hoq.� S8UCED:F 6'�*HG � oq. 6' � *HG � oq.J 7S<U p *zoq.

7 CwD:F 6'�*HG � oq. 6' � *HG � oq.8J 7S<U p � *Hoq. 7 CED:F 6'�*HG � oq. 6' � *zG � oq.

~y#&P��U# �.�.%(��#VP�7U!q�"-4!@�.?B#&-4!$�laK%�#&P u # �.��#VP�13-4!@��#H���&��#HF�'$%(��!�?B#,�(I��KPX#$!u�1K-��>� G '�*zG � oq.�9�'�*Hoq.

�o�yAO��#&-K!M�| 7 *zoq.�9 6' ;>=/? *Hoq. 6')�;>=/? *Hoq.x@ 6' *zoq. 6'y�$*Hoq.��V,�@ , �KRL p *Hoq. p �^*zoq.<J , �KML * p *Hoq.W@ p �^*zoq.�.����AK#&� | ;>=/?I*zoq.�9 6'8;>=/?h*Hoq. 6' �;>=/? *Hoq. # ! | *Hoq.y9 6'�*Hoq. 6' � *Hoq. u -(13%�P�!$'613%(AK13-�P[�

| 7 *zoq.y9 | ;>=/? *Hoq.{@ | *Hoq. , � K L @ , ��� p *Hoq. � � J�l���� * p *Hoq.~. ���K L

Page 136: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��� �������"� �

� � �§ � ��� � ����� � � �@�

�� � ������������� � ��� � � � ��� �� � ������������� ��� �������� ������ � � ]� � �~h�=!6'6�3-�P6�U13-�?B%�� !q�"-�� #�� d �^7 !$7M?B7 ��-(�.#,���"'

� d 9 , f c Led�fc Led�f�#&PX!S�l� !$#&-�PX�.13- ?B#fk3'6�.���.#E?(#���� u , fE#&PX!+��#e� 13%('q�"-4!^!$'q�}A3# 'qP6�"-4!�� � u , �.#� 13%('q�"-4!�!$'q�}A3# 'qP6�"-4!�� F u , �E��#M� 13%('q�"-4!�!$'q�}A3# 'qP6�"-4!����{!��[-��

� d 9 , f , , , � , � c"Led�fn_1K%�P@P$%(�(�z1KP$13-�P�� F # !�� � �.?(# -4!$�la4%(#&P�# ! ��� 9 l���� ?B13-��"� , f , 9��l

�[-��U1K-�P$�.?BR&'$#+a4%(#9?��"-�P=�.���&13-(#�?B#���13-��U!$�.13-(-(#&�S# -4! u � � #&PX!M!$'6R&PM���S�z13'$!6�"-4!6#���3'2'q�"����1K'X!�)=�l�M'67&P$�.PX!6�3-��U#[7&a4%(�.AC�"�.# -4!$#,?B#c�.�^F('q�"-��qI(#����"'q�"�.��R&��#M� � F # -ZP$7 '6�.#[�}A3#V��l��'$7VPX�lPQ!q�"-�� #c?(#M� �"-��"� ?B%E!$'q�"-�P$�lPQ!613' # u uR0 1��y� , , �� ��[-9�z1KP$#�!#"$� 9 % 7'&%)( U+*-, �l�M!6'6�3-�P$� 13-�?(%�� !q�"-�� #[?B#.���{!/� dr�z# %(!��"�.13'qP2P10 7V�U'6��'6#3�

� d 9 �l !0"$�«&¬#1

Page 137: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

«&¬�� ���"��" �� ��� � �������" �� �������� ���� ��� �� � �#����� ��� ��� � ��� ��� ��� �� ��� �# ���� �� �������

dI

R1R2

R3 R4

Q1 Q2

Gnd

Valim

M

cmdV

α

T

����� �A! «� ~y#,!6'6�3-�P6�U13-�?B%�� !6# %('

u�1K-��"�� d 9 , f c Led�f 9 , f , , , � , � c Led�f 9 !#" �l~y#,!$'q�"-�PX�lPQ!613'�� � #&PX!�?B7&k37 -�7 '67[���3'@�.��'67&P$�.PX!6�3-��U# � F !/!0" � AC�"%(!��"�.13'qP �

!0"�� 9 !0"��� @ !#" � � Fn_13%�P_�}A31K-�P|�z13%�'_%(-��U1K%('6�3-4! , ?(13-(-(7K�

!#"�� 9 l X * c Led�f J c�� @ c�� Z 7 d J � F , .n_13%�P@# -f?B7&?(%(�.P$13-�P � d �

� d 9 X * c Led�f J c�� @ c�� Z 7 d J�l�� F , f .� @�l X � F * chLed�f J c � @ c � Z 7 d J l�� F , f .

Page 138: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��������� �

� ��� ��� ��� ��� ���� � ����� �

�M����� ����� �� � � � ��� � � � ��� � �����0� � ��� ��� � ��]�

��� ������� ����� �����������������! "$#%"�&' �w)(+*-,/.1032406587:9 ¤_-SPX�.k3-��3�3#VPQ!�?B��! 7&'$kK1O?(�.a4%(#2��1K'6P6a4%(#|P$#&P���13-��U!$�.13-�P PQ!q�C!6�.PX!$�la4%(#&P P$13-4!�.-�?B7&��#&-�?(�"-4!6#&P@?B#H�z0 #32B��7&'$�.# -�� #5!8 ,<;�=?>@5A.'BC,D(+.�(+=FEF9 �[-�?B7U��-(�Y!���#9��1K�S# -4!�?q0 13'q?B'6# « ?q0 %(-��('61B�U#VP$P$%�P o8*3GW.#&'$kK1O?(�.a4%(#c���"'@�l�^��13-��U!$�.13-��

GIHJ�K�*zo8*6GW.�.y9 " *6GW. �s/ ! « #K #&PX!_�"%�P6PX�y�3�(�z# �.7H�H0 x|P$��7&'6�3-��U#H?B%f�('61B�U#&P6P$%�P3!

8 ,<;�=?>@5A.'BC,D(+.�(+=MLN9 �[-�?B7U��-(�Y!���#9��1K�S# -4!�?q0 13'q?B'6# � ?q0 %(-��('61B�U#VP$P$%�P o8*3GW.#&'$kK1O?(�.a4%(#c���"'@�l�^��13-��U!$�.13-��

O HJ�K � o8*3GW. o8*6Gb@ O . � 9 � ?I* O . �s/ ! �$#� ? #&PX!��"%�P6P$�y�"�(�z# �.7 #,�l�=��1K-�� !6��1K-�?q0 �3%B!$1B� 13'6'$7&�.�"!$�.13-9?B%f�('61B�U#VP$P$%�P o8*6GW. !< 5QP%5803,<>�>1P%(+06587R9 ¤�- PX�.k3-��3�_#&PX!Z?B��!ZPX!6�"!$�.13-(-��3��'6#�P30 �.��#&PX!9#&'$kK1O?(�.a4%(#f#U!EPX��P$#&P�S13�S#&-K!qP=P$13-4!=!613%�P^�.-�?B7 �z# -�?(�"-4!6P�?B%v!6# �S��P1!|�[- ?B��!��"%�P$P$��a4%{0 %(-���'$1B�U#VP$P$%�P=#&PX!PX!6�"!$�.13-(-��3��'6#=�3% P$# -�Pc�l�"'6k3#^P$��PX#VP��S1K��#&-4!6P,?q0 13'q?B'$# « # ! � P$13-4![�.-�?B7&��#&-�?(�"-4!qPH?B%!6# �S��P1!

«&¬?S

Page 139: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

«&¬�� � � ���������� � � �#����� # ������� ���� � ��� �� ���� �� ������� �" �� ����� ��� ��� �� ��� � � # � ������� � �

��� 2��3,����Q5QP 5Q03,<>1>�P%(+035Q7M9 ���������������� !��"#%$&�'$&(!��$&���*) ~y#SAK1O�&�"F(%��.�3��'6#^# !M��#VP,-(1"!q�Cm!$�.13-�P@P$13-4!_�U#&���.#&P�%(!$�.���lPX7&#&P_?��"-�P��.#&P�'67U��7&'$#&-��U#VP@PX%(�.AC�"-4!$#VP,�,+ «+S u ¬K¬.- !¤_-S�('61O� #&P6PX%�Ph#VPQ!J?B��!|�UNB� ��13msPX!6�"!$�.13-(-��3��'6#|�.13'qP6aK%�#2P6����1K-�� !6��1K-�?{0 �3%B!$13ms� 13'6'$7&�.�"!$�.13-�A? #&PX!@?(7&�U1K�S��14P$�3F(��#,#&-EP$7 '6��#H?B#M`�13%('6�.# 't!� ��#%�0/�1 " �1# "$&' ��� �$ ���� )�?" #%� �4���32<#4/D���� � ���5/D&62@��� �?�)� � �875/D�)" #9;:=<6>�?

LO13��!�! *3GW. %�-��('61B�U#VP$P$%�PZ# '6k31B?B�laK%�# u ?B#>�S13�S# -4!�?q0 1K'6?('$# « �.-�?B7&��#&-�?(�3-K!e?B%!$#&����PZ# !E?B#��S13�S# -4!f?q0 1K'6?('$# � ��7&'$�.1B?B�laK%�# ?B#���7&'$�.1B?B# K !�~�#0�('61B�U#&P6P$%�P ! *6GW.-{0 #&PX!�?B13-��c���KP@PQ!q�C!6��1K-(-��"�.'6#c?q0 13'q?B'6# � !/2# �z# -�?(�3-4! u P6�e��1K-�� !6��1K- ?q0 �"%(!$1"mo�U1K'$'67 �l�C!6��1K->7U!6�3-4!S�z7 '6�.1O?(�.a4%(# u -�13%�P��z13%(AK13-�P�.�9?B7&� 13�S��14PX#&'_# -eP$7 '6�.#M?B#=`(1K%('6��#&'1!��o��#w2B�lPQ!6#=?B#VP_'67 # �lP � � �A@ � * O . �U1O#B+� ��#&-4!6P_?B#^�.�PX7&'$�.#c!$#&�.P@a4%(#+�

�}*3G � O .�9 BCDC�E � � ��@ � * O .�� r ��F �A@HG � / ! ¬$#I #VPQ!,�"�(�z# �.7M�l�+��'67&a4%(#&-��U#=� NB�U�.�.a4%(#$!hpd#VPQ![?(7 -(1K�=F('q�"F(�.# u �^0 #&PX![�z0 #&-�P$# �=F���#=?(#&PG !6# �lPHa4%(# I C #&PX!H%(-(#��UNB� ��13m ��'67&a4%(#&-��U#�?B#S�.�Z��13-�� !$�.13- G HJ �}*6G � O . !�~��9��13-�� !$�.13-

O HJ � � � � * O . #&PX!_�"�(�z# �.7 #H�l�S�UNB�U�.1"mo�U1K'$'67 �l�C!6��1K-�?B%f�('61O� #&P6PX%�P o8*3GW. !LO� ' #VPQ!c��7&'$�.1B?B�laK%�# u 13-0?B��!c�3��1K'6P[a4%(#=�.#=�('61B�U#VP$P$%�P_#VPQ!,�UNB�U�.1"moPX!6�C!6��1K-(-��3��'6#[��13%��7&'$�.1B?B�laK%�# �S# -4!_�U1K'$'67 �.7 # !BxJ-f��-OA3#&'6P6�"-4!��H0 7&a4%��"!$�.13-e/ ! ¬ u� � � @ � * O .�9KJMLONS PRQ �K S5S FBG D � �}*6G � O .��Sr ��F �A@�G � / ! � #

-(1"!6#H� � � � � * O . -(#@?B7 �z# -�?^���3P�?B# G !"�o�.TQ1K%(#���#@'653�.#�?(#@�.�[��13-�� !$�.13-S?B#@�U1K'$'67 �l�C!6��1K-?q0 %(-�PX�.k3-��3�yPQ!q�C!6��1K-(-��"�.'6#5!t 7AU�>�035Q0 ,->.WVM2 � 2�� ,X�Y�Z = 2 5 (+=

LO13��!_�.�^��1K-�� !6��1K-f� 13�S�(�.#w2B# | � � � u [ �U1K������#32O#S�[ HJ | � � � *\[m.y9 B

] C�^� � � � * O .=[

S]

[ HJ | � � � *\[m. #&PX!,�3�(��#&��7&#=�.#�� NB�U�.1"moPX�z#&�U!$'6#=?B#S�UNB�U�.1"m ��'$7Va4%(# -�� # I ?B% �('$1B� #&P6PX%�Po8*6GW. !�LO� [R9 � r ��F ? u �"�.13'qP2�l����13-�� !$�.13-f?B#&A4�.# -4!M�o HJ | � � �W_ � r ��F ?4`�o�y#w2B�lPQ!6#,�3%B!6�3-4!�?B#H�UNB�U�.1"moPX�z#&�U!$'6# | � � � a4%{0 ���yNZ��?(#M�UNB�U�.1���'$7VaK%�# -�� #&P I !De�"�lP@a4%(# ��P$�z#&� !6'$#,�S#&P$%('613-�P�-�13%�P@�3��1K'6P�)��H0 �"-��"�.NOP$# %�'�?(#MPX�z#&�U!$'6# �

Page 140: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

«&¬��� ��� �5/ �N� � � ��� 2<# / �������6 � ����� ����/���N� ��� 2<# / �D�1K-4!$'613-�P�a4%(#_�.#[P$�z#&� !6'$#���#VPX%�'$7@���3'|�z0 �3-��"�.NBPX#&%('J?B#�P$�z#&� !6'$#[�U13'6'6#&P$��1K-�?S),�.�,��1K-�� m!6��1K- | HJ | � � � _ � r ��F ? ` !�[-���#VPX%�'$#���#@P$��#V� !6'$# *Hoq. ?q0 %(-SPX�.k3-��"���+# '6k31B?B�la4%(#5!��[-^?B7 ��-(��!J�.�,P$%(�Y!6# S *zoq.!6# �ya4%(# *Hoq.y9 JMLON S PRQ S *zoq.

S *zoq.y9 �K �����S5S FBG D � � *6GW. � S r ��F ? G ����� �

S *zoq.y9 �K S S FB` D � S S FB` D � � * Q�. � *��^. � S r ��F ? � ` S � ��[-Z���"��!_��#M�qI��3-(k3#&�S# -4!�?(#HA}�3'$�l�"F���#VP�P$%(�.AC�"-4!&� QO9�Q #U! O 9�Q[J�� !

S *zoq.y9 �K S S FB` D �`B

] D `S� S S F �

� * Q�. � * QR@ O . �Sr ��F ? ]

S *zoq.y9 �K S S FB] DS� S S F � S S

FB` D � � * Q�. � * QR@ O . � S r ��F ? ] J�� F * K .<J�� � * K . �s/ ! 1$#�}A3#V�

� F * K .y9 �K S S FB` D � S S FB] D ` s F � * Qh. � * QR@ O . � S r ��F ? ]#U!

� � * K .�9 �K S S FB` D �`ShSB] DS� S S F �

� * Qh. � * QR@ O . �Sr ��F ? ]

�['@�.����7U!$7H�S1K-K!6'$7'+ ¬���- a4%(#K�JOLMNS PRQ � F * K .y9 JMLONS PRQ � � * K .y9 �` ��-��"�.# �S# -4!_�z0 7VaK%��C!$�.13-e/ ! 1 ?(# AO��#&-4!

*Hoq.y9KJMLONS PRQ S *Hoq. 9KJOLMNS PRQ �K S S FB] DS� S S F � S S

FB` D � � * Q�. � * QR@ O . � S r ��F ? ] *Hoq.y9 JMLMNS PRQ �K S S FB] D

S� S S F � S5S

FB` D � � * Q�. � * QR@ O . � S r ��F ? ]

Page 141: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

« ��� � � ���������� � � �#����� # ������� ���� � ��� �� ���� �� ������� �" �� ����� ��� ��� �� ��� � � # � ������� � �

?q0 1����}A3#&�[�z0 7VaK%��C!$�.13-e/ ! � *zoq.y9 JOLMNS PRQ �K S S FB] D

S� S S F �

� � � � * O .��Sr ��F ? ] 9 | � � � _ � r ��F ? `

~y#2P$�z#&� !6'$#2#&PX! ?(13-��J?(13-(-(72���"' �l���U1K�S��14P$�3-K!6#|�U1K-4!$�.-4%�#|?B#��.�_� NB�U�.1"mo�U13'6'67 �l�C!$�.13-W!�o��P30 �"kK�Y!c#w2B�(�.�.� �Y!6# �S# -4!H?B#S�.�9��1CNK# -(-�#^P$%(' O ?B#&P,� NO� ��13ms� 13'6'$7&�.�"!$�.13-�P�?B#=��'67&a4%(#&-��U#�UNB�U�.�laK%�#c-O%(�.�.# � � � � * O . !

Page 142: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��� �������"� �

� � � � � �@� � �@��� �§ ����� � � ���

� ������ �� � ��� � �@� �@� ��� ���

��� ��� ]� ��� ����� � � � � � � � ��� ���� � � ��� �@����� � � �M � � �������ª�

� !6%�?B�.13-�P��H0 ��-���%(# -��U#�?q0 %(-(#�# '6'6# %('+?B#��(I��3P$#�� 7 �"% -(�.A3#&�3% ?(#��.�>�U#&���.%(�.# , !�LB13��!� G * [ . �l��-(13%(AK# �.��#c��1K-�� !6��1K-E?B#,!6'6�3-�PX��# '$!@?(%Z���Y!6'$#$!q*\[m.89�:* [ . � G *\[m.y9�<*\[m.$�KML _ � @ [ S F @ [

S�� � � @ [

S7S���� � � @ [

S�S<U s F `q*\[m.89�:* [ . � � *\[m.{@ �K L [ S 7 _ [ S�� � J � ` �

�hA3#&� � [ � 9 � r ��F @����� * � C��C S<UeS � 7 '61KP�?B# � * [ .G 13%(' G \� K L K #U!�� 7�� �

q*\[ � . 9�:* [ � . �KML [ S 7� �[S�� �� J � �

� � G *zGVo � . � 9 �K L ��� [ S����� J � ���� � G *HGIo � . � 9 �KML ��� � S r ��F ��� @����� * J � ���� � G *HGVo � . � 9 �K L ��� � S r F � � @�� �� * ��� ��� � S r F � �

@�� ��* J � r F � �

@�� ��*���

« ��«

Page 143: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

« ��� ���"��" �� ��� � � � ����� ��� ��� �� #���" # ��� ���� #�� � � � �� # ��� # ���"��� # #��� ��� #�������� �� � �� � G *zGVo � . � 9 lK L�� , G � Gvn � 7K L �

LO� � 7�� � u �3��1K'6P&� � � G *HGVo � . � l+nWG � 7K �LG 1K%(' G[9 K L u 13-E13FB!6��#&-K!V�

� G * K L o � .y9 � @ �KRL �D[ S � �� J � � 9 ���� � @ �KML _ � S r F ��� J � ` ����

� � G *HGVo � . � 9 ���� � @ j lKML � S r�� � ��� � , G � n l � 7 � ����

G 1K%(' � 7 � � u 1K-f���

� � G *HGVo � . � ���� � @ j n � 7KML ����

?q0 1��y� � � G *HGIo � . � � �

Page 144: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��������� �� � � � � �M � � ��� ���ª� � ��� ���� � ��� �@� ��� � � �M � � ����� ���

�[-E'6�3�(��#&���.#Ma4%(#,�.�^��'67&a4%(#&-��U# o^( ��#&%B![P10 #32B�('$�.�S# '����3' ��7&ah! 1 ! � # �o^( 9 o �

� J S s��S8U�[-f�(� �o ( 9 o ( J�o( 9 o �

� J S s��S UJ o �� J S s � ��s F � � @ �S8U�o�yAO�.# -4!&� �

o ( 9io � N �� J S s��S UJ �� J S s��S U J FS<U � @

g�o^(�9�o � �� J S s��S8U N � J �� J F� @ � S U S�S5S � �

g�[-f�U13-�PX�l?BR '6#Ha4%(# l C � � u 1K-Z1KFB!$�.# -4!�?B1K-��"��

o^(�9�o^( � �l C * KML J K J X . �a4%(#H�z0 1K-Z�z# %B!��3%�P6PX� 7V�U'6��'6#H�U13�S�S#HPX%��Y!V��o^(o^( 9 �K L l C � � J S s��S<U

�« �4¬

Page 145: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

« � � � � ������ � � � � � � #��� � � ���" �� �"� � p�� ��� ��������������� �� ������ �� � ���" ��� #

Page 146: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��� �@��� � � ��� ���

+ «�-�� �3�&aK%�#&P�W@%B!6�+�"- u �q/2I��3'6�K� !$#&'$�'�&�"!$�.13-^1"� GJI��3P$#@�"-�?S`�'$#VaK%�# -�� N=�o-�PX!6�3F(���.��!$�.#&P��.-GJ'6#&� �.P$�.13-9`�'$#VaK%�# -�� N+LB13%('q�U#M�B` ����!$# #&-�J#V�"'qP|13�yGJ'$1Kk3'6#&P6P�E!3G|'$1B�U#&#&?B�.-(kM�ox|xJx u¦[�c~�! ��� u n_1"! � u PX#&�B!1! « �?S��+ �.-�� 1O#�GJI(�.�.���.��P@�"-�?��,# -E�,%(-�?B#&'X! u �$n_1K�.P$#��.-ZD�� 2B# 'qP u �cP6�U�.���l�C!613'qP u L(�"�S�(�.# 'qP2�3-�?~�13k3�l�^!z�_-e�o-4!6'$1B?B%��U!$�.13-f!61f/2NB�U�.1KPX!6�"!$�.13-��3'$N9n�13�lPX#� u �oxJxJx � � � � /2%�PX!$13�ª�o-Bm!6# k3'q�C!6#&?�/2��'q�U%��Y!qP�/213-B��#&'$#&-��U#$!

+ ¬�- �Q�3-f*,�3�Y!613- u �$u�#&�Y!q�CmQLO��kK�+�^uc�C!q�+/21K-OA3# 'qP$��1K-+��-E©���'6# �.#&P6P�g�'q�"-�P$� # �.A3# ' u �oxJxJx!6'6�3-�P3!B1K-Z�S�l�U'61C���}AK#_!6I(# 1K'$N9�3-�?9!$#&�qI�-(�.a4%(#VP u ¦�13�z! 1 � u n�1I! « u � �3-OA4�.# ' � � � � !+ � - `�# -(kKI��"1�D�% u �_-�?(# 'qP�x|?B�+�3- �3-�?]/2I('6�.PX!$#&'9LOA3#&-�P$13- u �$u[��kK�Y!q�"��D�%��Y!6���(I��3P$#/2�.1B�q���CG ��!X!$#&'$-�*c# -�# 'q�C!$1K'� u �oxJxJx � L(L�/ u ¦�1K�H! ¬�� u -�� � u ` 7&A4'6�.# ' « ��� � !

+ 1.- �J1K-(kKP6�"� D�1O13- u � 13-�kKP6�"-(k[/2I(1K� u �,NK# 13-�k3I(1_~�# # u �$�_-��_�.�Ymo�_-��3��1Kk[D�%��Y!6���(I��3P$#u[# �l�}N4ms~�1O�q�K#&?S~y1O1K�9¤�P$��-�k^�=W_# �(�.�.�&�=u[# �l�}N+~y�.-(#���1K'|©��l?B#UmoW_�3-(k3#H�[��#&'6�"!$�.13-�3-�?f~y1C��msk3�.k3%(#[G #&'X��1K'$�+�3-��U#� u �oxJxJx � L(L�/ u ¦�13�z! ¬�1 u -�� ¬ u De�"'qP � � � !

+ ��- ��'6%(-(1S© !z*,�3'$�.# �(� u �,# AO��-eL�!�u�1K-(-(# �.�.N u �$�rG 13'$!6�"F���#Mu[��kK�Y!q�"�yuc~�~>��1K'_�_�.k3IBmLO�z# #V?e/�D �,LZ�o-K!6# '$���3� #H/2�.'6� %(��!� u �oxJxJx � L(L�/ u ¦�1K�H! ¬�� u -�� 1 u D0�"� « ��� � !

+ SD- �J#&13-Bm � �3# � %�-(k u LO# %(-�k"ms© 1O13��~y#&# u uc�"#&NO%(-9LOI(�.� u ©�1B�qI��"-��,�.� u /2I��3-(k3IONO%(-�,�.� u �X�ru[%��"��ms~�1O13�fu�#&�.�}N4mo~y1B�q�3#V?+~y1O13�E%�P$��-(k+D�%��Y!6���(�.#,¦�13��!6�3k3#UmX/213-4!6'$1K���.#&?u[# �l�}N9~y�.-(#VP� u �oxJxJx � L(L�/ u ¦�1K�H! ¬ � u n_1"! 1 u De�}N � � �(« !

+ ��- ��# I �&�3?EW_� �&�}AO� u �$W_` De�.� '$1O# �.#&�U!$'613-(�l� P� u G|'$#&-K!6�.� #H���"�.�yG�!6'1!+ ��- xJ'6�l� � !CAC�"-+?B#&'2�z���"- u x !B/��"'6# �Bu[� TQ�O�+�"-�P u �$� � ! � �[©�/�D �,L �

�De1O?(%(�.�"!$1K'

��1K' LO�z# #V�qI�/21B?B�.-(k_�@��!$I � � ?BF=u[NO-��"�S�l�JW_�3-(k3#� u �oxJxJx TQ13%('6-��"�K1"��LO1K���l?OmQL4!6�"!$# m/2�.'6� %(��!6P u ¦�13�z! ¬�« u n_1"! « � u u[#&� # �=Fz# ' « � ��� !

+ « � - ���"'$mQ*c��1K'6��*c1K�.?BFz# '6kI!��$g�I(#^xJ�z#V� !6Pc13��/2��1B�q�'TQ��!X!$#&',13- uc�C!q�E/21K-4AK# 'qPX�.13-eu[#UmAO�l�U#&P�,De�.� '$1C���}A3# TQ1K%('6-��"� u �_%(kK%�PX! � � ��� !

+ «3«-�� #&�3-Bm G|��#&'$'6#�u[# �.�+�3P u � � ��7&��#&-4!6PM?B#�g�I�7 13'6�.#�?B%�LO�.k3-��"�@��~�#&PHP$��kK-��"%v20?(7U!$#&'Xm�S�.-(�.PX!$#VP� u xJ�.�.����P$#&P1!

+ « ��- G��3P6� �3�hG|I(���.�.�(��#��$g{2Omo~y1O13�egh'6�3-�P$����!c��'6�qI��Y!6#&� !6%('6#^�_-��"�.NOP$NBP� u ?(1O� %(�S# -4!,��-Bm!6# '6-(#

+ «&¬ - � ¬ *cGJG�g_L « 1(« m �(« � m « ¦ � ! � ! � ,?B#6TQ%(�.���.#U! � � ��� u W@# �.#&�KPX# � !+ « ��- � ¬ *cGJG g_L � 1 ! « ��« ?(#|?B7&� # �^F('$# � � ��� ��1K%('y�l�@-(13'6�S#J¤�Deg_L u � ¬ 'q?H*c# -(#&'6�"!$�.13-

G��"'$!$-�# 'qPXI(�.� GJ'$1�TQ#&�U! u gh#&�qI(-��.�&�"��LO�z#&� �Y���&�C!6��1K-�*c'613%�� �@�&�U#&P6P+n_# !Q�21K'$� u ¤�xW_�K?B�.1Sgh'q�"-�P$�S�.P6PX1K-Z�3-�?ZW_#&�U#&�B!$�.13-�` ucu�

« �01

Page 147: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

« � � � ��� ����� �� �"�� �

+ « 1.- �$u��.k3��!6�3��x|-(I��"-��U#&? /21K'6?B�.#&P6PSg�#&��#V�U1K���^%(-(�l� �"!$�.13-�P���*c#&-(# 'q�"��!6# '6���.-��3�_�C!X!q�Cm�qI(#&��#&-4!�'6#&a4%(�.'6# �S# -4!6P� u TQ%�-(# « ��� � !

+ « ��- uR!y�2'6%(-(#&� u /2�l�"%�?(#+/��3'$1K- u /2I('$�lPX!$13��I(#+/21K'6?(��#&'c�3-�?0x|���+�3-4%�# �|LO1K%�?B7 # u �X�I(�.k3I(�.NS�o-4!$# 'q�C!6#&? � ! � 1 %��d����/�D �,L9/2I(�.��P$#U!���13' ¬ *£¤�Deg_L �C©�/�ucDe�r���3-�?OmP$#U!_W_` LB%(FBmQLONBPQ!6# � u �ox|xJx � L(L�/ � � ��� !

+ «+SD- ` ��1CNB?ED�! *,�"'q?B-(# ' u �QG|I��3P$# �.1B�q��g�#V�qI(-(�laK%�#&P� u � 13I(-E©��.��#&N���LB13-�P u �o-��^!+ «D��- �$~y1C��msGJI��3P$#Umon_1K�.P$# u ~y1C��mog����S�.-(k"mMTQ��!X!$#&'�u�#VPX�.k3-Sg�#V�qI(-(�la4%(#&Ph��13'Ju[# �l�}N^/2# �.�(���CmP$#&?�¦[/@�cPE�"-�?�`('6#&a4%(#&-��UN LONO-4!$I(#VPX�'� #&'6P� u gh1O?�? /2I��3'$�.#&P9© #&��k4�"-�?O! u G|��u u¤_-���AK# 'qPX��!QN+1"�|/��"�.�Y��1K'$-��.� u ��#&'$�K# �.# N5!

+ « ��- uR!y� ! ~�# #&P$13- u �$�dLO���S�(�.#+D�1B?B# ��13��`�# #&?(F��3�q�0�cP6�U�.���l�C!613'qP[n�13�lPX#+LO�z#&� !6'$%�� uGJ'61B�^!B�oxJxJx u A31K� 1 � u `(# F « ��� � u ��� ¬�� � m ¬K¬ � !+ � ��- ¦�# -��U#&P$�l�}A ` !_�,'613%(��� u �$n_1K�.P$#�GJ'$1K��#&'X!6��#VPE1"�=G|~h~ LBNOPX!$#&�+P� u �oxJxJx�g�'q�"-�P3!

/213�S� ! u A313�z!�/@�cDfm ¬ � u ���{! � ����� m � � 1 � u �c� !613Fz# ' « ��� � !+ �(«�- gh13�� ! u�W@�.��#&N u D����.#&PZ� !@/213�z# �l�"-�? u gh�K? � !������3P$-(�.# �_P$�4� u �Xu[# ��!6�"moLB��kK�S�

D�1B?B%(�l�C!6��1K-H��-^`('q�3� !6��1K-��"��mon�`('6#&a4%(#&-��UNMLONO-4!$I(#VPX�lP u �oxJxJx � L(L�/ u ¦�13�z! ��� u n�1I! 1 uDe�}N « � �3¬ !+ � �.- L4!6# A3#&-EW !�n_1K'6P$��13'$!$ION u W@�l�qI��"'q?EL(�qI('$#&��#&' u *,�3'$Fz13'[/ !�g�#&��#VP3!��Uu[# ��!6�CmQLO�.k3�+�Cm

/213-OAK# '$!$# 'qP��+!3�ox|xJx�GJ'6#&P6P3!+ �3¬�- /2I(�.# -EG|��u u ¤�-(�.A3# 'qP$�Y!QN�13��/��3������13'6-(�l� u ��# '6�3#&��#&N5!+ ��� - G��3P6� �3�zG|I(���.�.�(��# u �$W_�"����1K'X!@�o-4!$#&'$-(#� u GJI����.����P�LO# �S��ms� 13-�?(%�� !6# %('qP3!+ ��1.- G��"%(� *c'6�}N u W@13Fz# '$!�D�# NK# ' u �X��-��"�.NBPX�lP@�"-�?Eu[#&P$�.k3-f1"���_-��3��1KkS�o-K!6# kK'6�"!$#&?�/2�.'Xm

�U%��Y!qP� u ©����.# N$!+ � ��- ��'$%�-(1S© !�*,�"'6��#&�(� u �,#&AO��-�L�!�u[13-(-�# �.��N u �$�rG 1K'X!q�"F(�.#Hu��.k3��!6�3��uc~�~���13'[�_�.k3IBm

LO�z# #V?�/�D��,L��o-4!$#&'X���K�U#=/2�.'6� %(�Y! u �ox|xJx � L�L�/ u ¦�13�z! ¬�� u -�� 1 u De�3� « ��� � !+ � SD- D��l�qI(# ��/21K�=Fz#&P u �H�"'6����u��.13%('6�(�"-�?^���.�3��-�*c'6# -(�.# ' u �X� G 13'$!6�3F(�.#_/2�.1B�q�=D�%(��!$��m

�(�.��#&'J*c# -(#&'6�"!$13'�¤[PX�.-(kHu��.k3��!6�3��/�D �,L�L4!6�3-�?(�"'q?�/2#&���lP� u �oxJx|x � L�/@/ u ¦�1K�H! L�/|m¬�� u n � 1 u �(� �K¬ � m ��� � u De�}N « ��� � !

+ ����- g�I(1K�S�KP,� !y~y#&# u � 13I(-�` !y�2%�� �V�3� �qI�# �.��� u �X� « 1�1 moD�I ��/2��1B�q�eW@#V�U1CAK# '6Nfu[# �l�}N�"-�?9GJI��3P$#c�.1B�q�3#V?9~y1O1K� u �ox|xJx8TQ13%('6-��3�z13��LB13�.�.?OmQL4!q�C!$# mQ/2�.'q�U%(��!6P u ¦�13�z!�L�/|m � S uu[#&�U#&�=Fz# ' « � � � !

+ � ��- *c# 1K'$kK#Z/2I(�.# - u G��3%(��W !�*c'q�}N u �$� � � � D�I �9~�1O�&�"�_�cP$� ���.�l�C!$1K'=¤�P$�.-(k � u[~h~ m����P$#&?H`�'$#VaK%�# -�� NcD�%��Y!6���(�.�.# ' g�#V�qI(-(�laK%�#���13'hG�/�LM���(�(�.�.�&�C!$�.13-�P� u �XL�L�/@/ � � � � uP$#&P6PX�.13- « � u `�'$#Va4%(# -�� NZLONO-4!$I(#VPX�'� #&'6P��3-�?fu��.AO�.?B#&'1!

+ ¬ ��- �[�.��AO�.# '2LO%�PX�(�.%(k4�3P u G��3P6� �"��GJI(�.���.�(�z# u �$~��HD�%(��!$�.�(�.�.�&�C!6��1K-9?B#@��'67&a4%(#&-��U#VP|)HF��KPX#?B#,Fz13%�� ��#M)�A3#&'$'613%����.�.�3k3#c?B#,'$# !6�"'q?(P� u /21K���.1BaK%�#,g �"�lP6� � � ��� !

+ ¬�«�- De�"!X!$I���#&% u �$g�I(7 1K'$�.#c?(#&P@�U1K�S��14P$�3-K!qP�7 �.#&� !6'$1K-(�laK%�#&P� u ¬ R �S#,x|?q! u De�3P6P$13-+ ¬��.- D�! m � !(x|?(���3'6?E~y#&# u ©��.�.���l�"� � !zu[�3���.N u gh'6# NZ`�'$#&# ' u � � ��!X!6# '�gh'6�3-�PX��# '$!�/��3I('q�3� m

!$#&'$�lPX!$�l� P�1"� u�#&�.�}N4mo~y1B�q�3#V?Omo~y1O13��P��Kg�I�# 13'6�.#&P@�"-�?Zu[#&P$��kK-Egh#&�qI�-(�.a4%(#VP+ ¬K¬�- GJI(�.�.���(�z#_/2��F(�l�C! u �q�[%(#&�.a4%(#VPy�('613F(�.R �S#VPh?q0 #&PX!$�.�+�C!6��1K-�Py'6# �l�C!6�Y��P �"%v2,!67 �.7&�U1K�S�=%Bm

-(�l� �"!$�.13-�Pc-(1K-�� 141K��7&'6�"!$�.A3#VP� u ��-(-(#32O#+uR! � u g�I(R&P$#+?B#S�H0 ¤_-���AK# 'qPX��!$7+?B#+De�3'$-(#�l�^¦J�3���.7 # u � � � � !

Page 148: Applications des boucles à verrouillage de délais à la synthèse de

� ��� ����� �� �"�� � « �%S+ ¬���- G8!J/2��F(�l�C! u G8! ~y1K%(F��C!613- u x�LO#&'$�z#&?B�.- u *M! *c�.# -(-��"�O�.P u �$��P$NO�S�B!$13!$�l�9�_-��"�.NOP$�lP

13���2�.�.-�? /2NB�U�.�l�9�U1K'$'6# �l�C!6��1K-v���KPX#V? LONO�=Fz13��W_�"!$#9x2PQ!6���+�C!6��1K- u �oxJx|x gh'6�3-�P u�o-B��1K'$�+�"!$�.13-fg�I(# 1K'$N u ¦�13� S u - � S u �(� « � � � m « �K¬�� u � %����.��# ! � � � � !+ ¬�1�- �[�.��AO�.# ',LO%�P$�(��%�kK�3P u G��KP$�&�"�yGJI����.������#��XDe%(�Y!6�YmoD�1B?B#+/2��1B�q�E*c#&-(# 'q�C!6��1K-�%�P$��-(kZ�u[# �l�}N9~y1B�q�K#&?E~y1O13� u xJ�.#&� !6'$1K-(�l�,��# !X!$#&'6P u A31K� ¬ � u n�1 � u � � ��7&AO'$�.# ' � � �3¬ !