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8/6/2019 Apologizing in English and Japanese
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APOLOGIZINGAPOLOGIZING
IN ENGLISH AND JAPANESE :IN ENGLISH AND JAPANESE :
SOCIOSOCIO CULTURALCULTURAL
DIMENSIONSDIMENSIONS
( Yamamoto, Motoko)( Yamamoto, Motoko)
By Agnez PBy Agnez P
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I.I. IntroductionIntroduction
II.II. SummarySummary
III.III. CriticismCriticism
IV.IV. ConclusionConclusion
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IntroductionIntroduction
Apology is act for attaining the purpose of solving theApology is act for attaining the purpose of solving the
problem or the friction between speakers and hearersproblem or the friction between speakers and hearers
and restoring human relationand restoring human relation
Apology has the effect ofpaying off a debt,Apology has the effect ofpaying off a debt, thusthus
compensating the victim for the harmcompensating the victim for the harm done bydone by
the offencethe offence(Kumagai:2001)(Kumagai:2001)
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SummarySummary
A. The differences in responding apology in English andA. The differences in responding apology in English andJapaneseJapanese
EnglishEnglish
a. Some hearers do nota. Some hearers do not
acknowledge the apologyacknowledge the apology
b. English hearers usuallyb. English hearers usually
say lightly Its Okaysay lightly Its Okay
c. English tend to maintainc. English tend to maintainautonomy by offeringautonomy by offering
nothing to remedynothing to remedy
situationssituations
JapaneseJapanese
a. Japanese hearers tend toa. Japanese hearers tend to
acknowledge apologyacknowledge apology
b. Japanese hearers may ask theb. Japanese hearers may ask the
reason why speaker apologizesreason why speaker apologizes
c. Japanese puts more importancec. Japanese puts more importanceon expressing of regret andon expressing of regret and
more willing to offer andmore willing to offer and
receive apologyreceive apology
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ContCont
Example:Example:
EnglishEnglishAndrew with AIDS requests Joe to become his lawyerAndrew with AIDS requests Joe to become his lawyer
because he was dismissed for the unjust reason. However, Joebecause he was dismissed for the unjust reason. However, Joe
refuses for fear of infection ofAIDS.refuses for fear of infection ofAIDS.
(Andrew rises, thoroughly business(Andrew rises, thoroughly business--like.)like.)
Andrew : Thanks for your time.Andrew : Thanks for your time.
Joe : Beckett?Joe : Beckett? Im sorryIm sorry about ..whats happened toabout ..whats happened to
you.you.
Andrew : (a smile).Andrew : (a smile). Dont send flowers, Joe. Im not deadDont send flowers, Joe. Im not deadyet.yet. (Andrew exits)(Andrew exits)
(Philadelphia 1993)(Philadelphia 1993)
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ContCont
JapaneseJapanese
Kyoko :Kyoko : SumimasenSumimasen, sensei, okamai dekinakute, sensei, okamai dekinakute
Pardon mePardon me, Ms. Yazaki (teacher), for our poor, Ms. Yazaki (teacher), for our poor
service.service.
Yoko : Iinoyo sonna koto. Anata ga otoutoYoko : Iinoyo sonna koto. Anata ga otouto--san to imoutosan to imouto--sansan
no mendouno mendou wo miterun dattewo miterun datte ??
((Dont mention itDont mention it. You take care of your younger. You take care of your younger
brothers and sisters,brothers and sisters, don't youdon't you ?)?)(Shokuinshittsu 1997)(Shokuinshittsu 1997)
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B. The similarity in responding apology in English andB. The similarity in responding apology in English andJapanese, which are:Japanese, which are:
a. Both hearerspurposely ignore the apology anda. Both hearerspurposely ignore the apology and
changes the subjectchanges the subject
b. Both hearers do not forgive speakers andb. Both hearers do not forgive speakers and
explain the reason of their angerexplain the reason of their anger
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ContCont
EnglishEnglish
AnneAnne : Im sorry, Mrs. Cadbury, but I wasnt paying attention: Im sorry, Mrs. Cadbury, but I wasnt paying attention
Mrs. Cadbury :Mrs. Cadbury : You havent beenpaying attention for the pastYou havent beenpaying attention for the past
six monthssix months(Anne of Green Gables 1985)(Anne of Green Gables 1985)
JapaneseJapanese
JintaroJintaro : Ashita ?: Ashita ?
Tomorrow?Tomorrow?
Tadashi : Kyuna hanashi de sumimasenTadashi : Kyuna hanashi de sumimasen
Pardon me for sudden talk.Pardon me for sudden talk.Jintaro : (kirete)Jintaro : (kirete) Ikeru wake nee janai ka, bakayaro!Ikeru wake nee janai ka, bakayaro!
(going berserk)(going berserk) How the hell do you think I can go?How the hell do you think I can go?
Get away with you ?Get away with you ?(Aikotoba wa yuuki 2000)(Aikotoba wa yuuki 2000)
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This article discusses the remedial interactions ofThis article discusses the remedial interactions of
Japanese and English speakers based on anJapanese and English speakers based on ananalysis of data collected from scripts and TVanalysis of data collected from scripts and TV
dramas consist of 8 Japanese TV dramas and 25dramas consist of 8 Japanese TV dramas and 25
American/ English films include comedies, loveAmerican/ English films include comedies, lovestories, and adventuresstories, and adventures
The typical apologetic expressions analyzed such as:The typical apologetic expressions analyzed such as:
sorry, excuse, apologize, forgivesorry, excuse, apologize, forgive andandpardonpardon ininEnglish andEnglish and ggomennasai, sumimasen, waruineomennasai, sumimasen, waruine
andandshitsureishimashitashitsureishimashita in Japanesein Japanese
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CriticismCriticism
Methodology :Methodology : The subjects (scripts of movies/ dramas) are notThe subjects (scripts of movies/ dramas) are not
in equal numbersin equal numbers
The subjects (scripts of movies/ dramas) areThe subjects (scripts of movies/ dramas) aretaken only from some different backgroundtaken only from some different background
It is a bias samplingIt is a bias sampling The data is taken only from set up environmentsThe data is taken only from set up environments
It is based only on scripts which means fromIt is based only on scripts which means fromsubjective view of the script writerssubjective view of the script writers
There are no clear explanation about how theThere are no clear explanation about how theauthor getting the dataauthor getting the data
Result :Result :
The findings are confusingThe findings are confusing
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ConclusionConclusion
The presenter disagrees about the findings of thisThe presenter disagrees about the findings of this
article because they have some uncleararticle because they have some unclear
explanations that are needed to be discussedexplanations that are needed to be discussed
more and it needs more empirical studies tomore and it needs more empirical studies to
support the validity of this article. However,support the validity of this article. However,
the author has succeeded in term of usingthe author has succeeded in term of using
interesting style of language in the examplesinteresting style of language in the examplesthat make it interesting to be read.that make it interesting to be read.
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