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January 2017
The cold spell of January 2017 caused a strong increase in gross electricity
demand (+14.3%) compared to January 2016. The French exchange balance
was in favour of imports for the second consecutive month.
Demand recorded a peak on 20/01/2017 at 94.2 GW. It is the highest peak
since February 2012. Corrected electricity demand trend stabilised in
January 2017.
Fossil fuel thermal generation was 8.3 TWh up by 71% compared to January
2016.
Solar production grew significantly compared to last year with a 37.7%
increase.
The balance of exchanges was in favour of imports for the second
consecutive month with a total of 0.95 Twh of electricity imported.
4 new installations went into service in January 2017.
2Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly Electrical Energy Overview
January 2017
The regions whose gross electricity demand increased the strongest as a result
of the cold spell in January, were Occitanie, Nouvelle-Aquitaine and
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.
French prices were at their highest since February 2012.
GENERATIONFossil fuel thermal generation has increased constantly since May 2016. It reached a new record level since February 2012
at 8.3 TWh. At the same time, hydraulic production fell by 8.1%. Nuclear generation fell only by 2.6% compared with
January 2016.
WIND AND SOLARSince wind conditions were not favourable enough for wind generation, it again fell by 29% compared to January 2016.
Solar generation increased significantly by nearly 38%.
INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGESThe balance of exchanges was in favour of imports for the second consecutive month and reached a new record with a
total of 0.95 TWh of electricity imported. 516 hourly points were in favour of imports which is an historic record. Since
November 2016, the export balance for France has become increasingly in favour of imports with respect to Great Britain.
The balance became in favour of imports with Spain for the first time since April 2016. In terms of physical exchanges, this
was the highest import balance since January 1980.
3Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly Electrical Energy Overview
January 2017
NEW INSTALLATIONSThe purpose of the 4 installations commissioned in January 2017 was firstly to increase and secure the power supply in the
territories in question and secondly, to connect a customer distributor.
DEMANDGross demand increased by 14.3% compared to January 2016, due to the cold spell that persisted in the month. This cold
spell triggered a demand peak on 20/01/2017 at 94.2 GW, the highest since 2012. Demand corrected for weather vagaries,
which was moving slightly downwards since November 2016, stabilised in January 2017. The increase in demand by large
industry seen since September 2016 slowed a little in January 2017.
TERRITORIES AND REGIONSThe regions of Occitanie and Nouvelle-Aquitaine were those which increased more significantly their gross demand in
comparison to January 2016 with respectively +21% and 19%. The most important increase were for the regions for
which the difference of temperature compared to January 2016 were better than 4°C. Grand-Est and Auvergne-Rhône-
Alpes managed to moderate the increase in their demand compared to the drop record in temperatures that they
suffered.
ELECTRICITY MARKETSPrices are very high in most countries, in particular during the cold spell which affected Europe in the third and fourth
weeks of the month. It reached €78/MWh as the monthly average in France, but also exceeded €70/MWh in Italy,
Belgium, Spain, Slovenia and Portugal. The reduced availability of the nuclear base in France but also in Germany, the
poor wind conditions and the increase in gas and coal prices were also factors contributing to the price increases.
*without energy sector
* Perimeter France excl. Corsica, losses included
Monthly energy consumption
Peak consumption*January 2017
57 325
0
10 000
20 000
30 000
40 000
50 000
60 000
70 000
Feb
-16
Ma
r-1
6
Ap
r-1
6
Ma
y-1
6
Jun
-16
Jul-
16
Au
g-1
6
Sep
-16
Oct
-16
No
v-1
6
De
c-1
6
Jan
-17
Monthly gross consumption
Period 2015-16
Period 2016-17
GWh
-0,1%
-0,5%
0,0%
-2%
-1%
-1%
0%
1%
1%
2%
Feb
-16
Ma
r-1
6
Ap
r-1
6
Ma
y-1
6
Jun
-16
Jul-
16
Au
g-1
6
Sep
-16
Oct
-16
No
v-1
6
De
c-1
6
Jan
-17
Trend by sector in sliding year
adjusted from the climate effect
Adjusted national consumption
Direct RTE customers *
Adjusted consumption on PDN
94,2 GW
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
ma 1 je 3 sa 5 lu 7 me 9 ve 11 di 13 ma 15 je 17 sa 19 lu 21 me 23 ve 25 di 27 ma 29
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
Gross monthly consumption at the peak and actual temperature
Deviation from norm (°C) Gross consumption : daily peak (GW) Actual temperature
°CGW
102,1 GW 94,2 GW
29,5 GW
56,7 GW
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110GW Evolution of monthly power extrema
Max power Min Power Absolute max Absolute min
4Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly electrical energy overview
January 2017
January 2017January 2017Installed capacity (MW) Energy generated (GWh)
Focus on generation sectors
Nuclear
63 130
Wind
11 710
Solar
6 772
Other RES
1 918
Conventional
Thermal
21 847
Hydro-electric
25 484
Nuclear
40 499Wind
1 996
Solar
366
Other RES
797
Conventional
Thermal
8 256
Hydro-electric
5 250
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Feb
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Jun
Jul
Au
g
Sep
Oct
No
v
De
c
Jan
Nuclear generation
Period 2015-16 Period 2016-17
GWh
GWh
5Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly electricical energy overview
January 2017
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
Feb
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Jun
Jul
Au
g
Sep
Oct
No
v
De
c
Jan
Hydro-electric generation
Period 2015-16 Period 2016-17
GWh
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
Feb
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Jun
Jul
Au
g
Sep
Oct
No
v
De
c
Jan
Fossil-fuel thermal generation
Period 2015-16 Period 2016-17
GWh
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
Feb
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Jun
Jul
Au
g
Sep
Oct
No
v
De
c
Jan
RES generation excl. hydro-electric
Period 2015-16 Period 2016-17
GWh
* Refer to glossary for category definitions
Wind capacity awaiting connection at Enedis as of 31/12/2016: 5 552 MW
** data available up to December 2016 Solar capacity awaiting connection at Enedis as of 31/12/2016: 2 089 MW
101 MW 3
30
571 MW 4
0 MW 14
7
3 192 MW 0 0 MW
Wind
Monthly generation
Planned fleet on the PTNFleet development in France
661 MW
Installed
capacity*
at
31/01/17
Technology
Cumulative
powerNb
Cumulative
powerNb
Projects in
preparation*
Queued
projects *
58 MW
of which
Offshore
Photovoltaic
2211 MW 272 MW
0
1 169
2 338
3 508
4 677
5 846
7 015
8 184
9 354
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
01
-ja
nv.
03
-ja
nv.
05
-ja
nv.
07
-ja
nv.
09
-ja
nv.
11
-ja
nv.
13
-ja
nv.
15
-ja
nv.
17
-ja
nv.
19
-ja
nv.
21
-ja
nv.
23
-ja
nv.
25
-ja
nv.
27
-ja
nv.
29
-ja
nv.
31
-ja
nv.
MW
Load factor of wind generation
January 2017
Mean load factor by half-hour interval (%) and associated power
Mean monthly load factor (%) and associated power
11 710
6 772
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Jan
10
Ma
y 1
0
Sep
10
Jan
11
Ma
y 1
1
Sep
11
Jan
12
Ma
y 1
2
Sep
12
Jan
13
Ma
y 1
3
Sep
13
Jan
14
Ma
y 1
4
Sep
14
Jan
15
Ma
y 1
5
Sep
15
Jan
16
Ma
y 1
6
Sep
16
Development of generating fleets in France**
Wind farm Solar photovoltaic
MW
6Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly electrical energy overview
January 2017
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Feb
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Jun
Jul
Au
g
Sep
Oct
No
v
De
c
Jan
Wind generation
Period 2015-16 Period 2016-17
GWh
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Feb
Ma
r
Ap
r
Ma
y
Jun
Jul
Au
g
Sep
Oct
No
v
De
c
Jan
Photovoltaic generation
Period 2015-16 Period 2016-17
GWh
3,5%
11,5%
0,3%
0,0%
5,0%
10,0%
15,0%
20,0%
Jan
12
Fe
b 1
2M
ar
12
Ap
r 1
2M
ay
12
Jun
12
Jul
12
Au
g 1
2S
ep
12
Oct
12
No
v 1
2D
ec
12
Jan
13
Fe
b 1
3M
ar
13
Ap
r 1
3M
ay
13
Jun
13
Jul
13
Au
g 1
3S
ep
13
Oct
13
No
v 1
3D
ec
13
Jan
14
Fe
b 1
4M
ar
14
Ap
r 1
4M
ay
14
Jun
14
Jul
14
Au
g 1
4S
ep
14
Oct
14
No
v 1
4D
ec
14
Jan
15
Fe
b 1
5M
ar
15
Ap
r 1
5M
ay
15
Jun
15
Jul
15
Au
g 1
5S
ep
15
Oct
15
No
v 1
5D
ec
15
Jan
16
Fe
b 1
6M
ar
16
Ap
r 1
6M
ay
16
Jun
16
Jul
16
Au
g 1
6S
ep
16
Oct
16
No
v 1
6D
ec
16
Jan
17
Rate of coverage of consumption by wind
generation (%)
Average value Maximal value Minimal value
Monthly electrical energy overview
January 2017
Distribution of regional generationDistribution of regional
consumption
Impact of the cold spell of January 2017 on gross regional demand
8
Aperçu mensuel sur l'énergie électrique
Septembre 2015
7Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly electrical energy overview
January 2017
GWh
5 000
4 000
3 000
2 000
87
During January 2017, all regions felt a cold spell with difference temperatures compared to January between -2°C and -6°C.
The increase in regional demand varies from 8% to 21%.
It's worth noting that the regions that suffered the most important drop in temperatures, Grand-Est and Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, are not those
that had the strongest increase in their demand. It seems then, that eco-citizen gestures have been more applied in these regions.
Demand of the regions of the South of France increased the most
GWh
6 000
3 000
1500
500
Daily average value evolution of the spot prices during the month
Moyenne sur le mois
Spot prices in Europe Actuality ofMonthly average value Market mechanisms
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1-Jan 4-Jan 7-Jan 10-Jan 13-Jan 16-Jan 19-Jan 22-Jan 25-Jan 28-Jan 31-Jan
€/MWh
Belgium Netherland France Germany/Austrich Great Britain Spain Italia (north)
8Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly electrical energy overview
January 2017
78,00
72,65
50,7752,37
61,37
71,4971,52
61,36
62,91
58,9761,36
73,87
78,1976,80
37,00
31,00
33,55
33,99
31,93
30,26
29,9031,29
price < FR price
0
Spread direction
78,00
price > FR price
The hourly French price exceeded €100/MWh 113
times in the month (almost always between 8.00
and 20.00), including 102 times between 16 and
26 January, the most difficult period in the French
market. These peaks are more frequent but lower
than in the last quarter of 2016: the hourly price
reached a maximum of €206 /MWh on
Wednesday 25 January between 8.00 and 9.00.
Very frequent price peaks in France in January
Price(€/MWh)
The energy values described correspond to contracted exchanges on Euronext.
Commercial exchangesJanuary 2017
Monthly exchange balances on each border
-1000
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
feb
ma
r
ap
r
ma
y
jun
jul
au
g
sep
oct
no
v
de
c
jan
GWh With Great Britain
2015-16 2016-17
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
feb
ma
r
ap
r
ma
y
jun
jul
au
g
sep
oct
no
v
de
c
jan
GWh With Switzerland
2015-16 2016-17
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
feb
ma
r
ap
r
ma
y
jun
jul
au
g
sep
oct
no
v
de
c
jan
GWh With Italy
2015-16 2016-17
-600-400-200
0200400600800
10001200140016001800
feb
ma
r
ap
r
ma
y
jun
jul
au
g
sep
oct
no
v
de
c
jan
GWh With Spain
2015-16 2016-17
9Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly electrical energy overview
January 2017
1 340
1 011
768
281
EXPORT : 3 433 GWh
IMPORT : 4 383 GWh
GWh
BALANCE : -951 GWh
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
feb
ma
r
ap
r
ma
y
jun
jul
au
g
sep
oct
no
v
de
c
jan
GWh With CWE zone
2015-16 2016-17
-8 537
8 128
-10 000
-5 000
0
5 000
10 000
1/1
1/2
1/3
1/4
1/5
1/6
1/7
1/8
1/9
1/1
0
1/1
1
1/1
2
1/1
3
1/1
4
1/1
5
1/1
6
1/1
7
1/1
8
1/1
9
1/2
0
1/2
1
1/2
2
1/2
3
1/2
4
1/2
5
1/2
6
1/2
7
1/2
8
1/2
9
1/3
0
1/3
1
MW Daily extrema of the export balance
Minimal balance Maximal blance
10Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly electrical energy overview
January 2017
Overhead line Underground line Substation
63 to 150 kV
63 kV substation
63 kV underground cable
Messimy-Nemoz
Messimy-Nemoz - Piquage à
Chaponost
Rhône (69)
connection of a distributor
customer
63 kV underground cable
Remise - Trie-Château
Oise (60)
Strengthening of the electricity
supply of the Trie-Château
substation
225 kV overhead-underground line
Plessis-Gassot - Villiers-Le-Bel
Val d'oise (95)
Partial burial of cables as part of the
reconstruction of the 225 kV
substation of Villiers-le-Bel
11Monthly Overview - January 2017
Monthly electrical energy overview
January 2017
Data sourcesThis document relies on metered data collected by RTE and also on data sent by the french DSOs, especially eRDF and EDF SEI.
Gross national demands and actual temperatures
Daily peak for perimeter France excl. Corsica
For more information on how actual
temperatures and reference temperatures are
calculated, visit RTE's website:
http://www.rte-
france.com/lienrapide/media_apercus_an
Extreme capacity value trend
Max/Min Power:
Maximum/minimum power consumption in France over the month,
excluding Corsica
Absolute extreme value:
Extreme value for consumption observed since 1st January 2008
GenerationThe "Hydro-electric" category includes all types of hydro plants (impoundment, run-of-river, etc.). Consumption for pumping by pumped storage facilities is not deducted from generation.
The "Nuclear" category includes all nuclear units. Consumption by auxiliary units is deducted from generation.
The "Fossil-fuel thermal" category includes Coal, Oil and Gas-fired technologies.
The "Other RES" category includes PV solar, Biomass, Biogas and paper/card waste.
The installed capacity values are valid for the end of the month, with the exception of the "Other RES" category, which is valid for the start of the month.
Monthly gross consumption
Perimeter : France with Corsica, losses included
Wind Generation Coverage of demand
Load factor :
Ratio of wind power generated to nominal installed
wind capacity
Coverage rate :
Ratio of wind power generated to gros national consumption
at a given time
Generation
Nb
Puissance
installéePuissance
cumulée
Projets en file
d'attente
Projets en
préparation
NbPuissance
cumulée
Filière
Eolien
dont Offshore
Photovoltaïque
361 MW 22
24 MW 9
42% 80%
238 MW 1 30 MW
2131 MW 9 2559 MW
Wind: onshore and offshore wind projects. The share of offshore capacity is indicated in the row below
Installed capacity:
Cumulative capacity of installations for which a connection agreement has been signed.
Queued projects:
Projects which have entered the connection queue under RTE's connection procedure, i.e. projects which have signed a "queuing proposal" with RTE, following a detailed
connection study or a "technical and financial proposal".
Projects in preparation:
Connection projects for which RTE has been asked to provide a detailed study or technical and financial proposal, currently being examined by RTE, or for which the
Trend by sector in sliding year adjusted from the climate effect
Total consumption: Consumption of France, with Corsica, losses included.
Adjusted from climate effect.
Adjusted consumption on PDN: Represents the consumption of
resditential and SMEs/SMIs sector. Data adjusted from weather effect.
Direct RTE customers : Industrial sites connected directly to the PTN
(excluding consumption at source). Energy sector is excluded
Trend in sliding year : growth between the last 12 cumulative monthly
values and the previous 12
International exchanges
Glossary
Prices in EuropeMonthly average of spot prices in the different price zones of the coupled area. France is always represented in white, the other areas are coloured based on the difference
in price compared with France (blue: lower price, red: higher price, the deeper the colour, the greater the difference).
Daily spot price changes
Change of the spot price in France and in the coupled neighbouring
regions, over a month in daily average, (NB: for Italy the price of
the northern area is shown, for Nordic countries the average of the
areas displayed on the map is shown).
Spot price: Wholesale price of electricity, determined by the power exchanges the day
before for delivery the following day, for each hour of the day.
Spread : Price differential between two price areas (here between each price area and
France).
Price area: Geographic area inside which the electricity price is identical and where
exchanges are done with no allocation of capacity. A price area may combine several
countries (for example: Germany, Austria, Luxembourg) and a country may be subdivided
into more than one price area (for example: Italy, Norway).
Daily extrema :
Extrema of the half hour mean power value of the global international
commercial exchanges, observed daily.
Type of installation
Name of installation
(or substation)
Département
Nature of work