AP World Summer Assignment 2019-2020 · Sumer Harappa Mesopotamia Indus river valley 3100 Start of Egypt Nile river valley 3000 – 2600 Mohenjo-Daro Indus river valley 2000 – c

AP World Summer Assignment 2019-2020

Student will log in to schoology.com and register for AP World History

using code: KVBMB-DTQX6. Students will then print out the Unit One and

Unit 2 Review Packets and complete them using the study guides that can

be found in the same folder and internet resources including the online text

book. This packet will be collected during the first or second meeting of

class.

1

Unit 1 Packet c. 8000 BCE to c. 600 BCE

NAME : ______________________________________________

Note: Keep this packet until the end of the year so you can study it!

2

Timeline

Dates (all dates are BCE) Event Location(s)

10,000 – 8,000 Agricultural Revolution

First domestication of plants/animals

Occurred at different times around

the world

5000 – 1750

5000 – 1500

Sumer

Harappa

Mesopotamia

Indus river valley

3100 Start of Egypt Nile river valley

3000 – 2600 Mohenjo-Daro Indus river valley

2000 – c. 485 Babylon Mesopotamia

1700 – 1200 Hittite civilization Anatolia (modern-day Turkey)

1600 – 1046 Shang Dynasty (first recognized dynasty

in Chinese history)

China

1200 – 400 Olmec civilization Mesoamerica

1046 – 256 Zhou Dynasty China

900 – 200 Chavin civilization South America

3

Key Concept 1.1 Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth

I. During the Paleolithic era, hunting-foraging bands of humans gradually migrated from their origin in East

Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas, adapting their technology and cultures to new climate

regions.

Where did the first humans originate? ___________________________________________________________________

A. What diverse and sophisticated tools were developed by humans to adapt to their new environments? (p10)

Tool Name Purpose: List at least 2 uses for each

Fire

Weapons

B. Economic structures focused on small kinship groups of hunting/foraging bands that could make what they

needed to survive. However, not all groups were self-sufficient; they engaged in trade that exchanged people,

ideas, and goods.

**The Paleolithic Era was characterized by simple tools and nomadic groups of people who hunted and foraged for food.

4

Define the following terms:

Agriculture:

Irrigation:

Domestication:

What effect did agriculture have on the environment?

Key Concept 1.2 The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies

I. Beginning about 10,000 years ago, the Neolithic Revolution led to the development of more complex

economic and social systems.

Neolithic Revolution = Agricultural Revolution

A. Label the following early permanent agricultural settlements on the map below:

Mesopotamia Nile River Valley Sub-Saharan Africa Indus River Valley

Yellow River Valley Mesoamerica Andes Papua New Guinea

B. From the settlements listed above,

identify a locally available plant or

animal that was domesticated. (p14)

Mesopotamia

Nile River Valley

Sub-Saharan Africa

Indus River Valley

Yellow River Valley

Papua New Guinea

Mesoamerica

Andes

5

C. Define Pastoralism: ___________________________________________________________________________

What impact did overgrazing have on Afro-Eurasian lands?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

II. Agriculture and pastoralism began to transform human societies. Put the following chain of events in

order: creation of permanent settlements and rise of cities, specialization of labor, more reliable and abundant

food supplies, development of new classes of people including elites, increased population.

A. Explain how these technological innovations improved agricultural production, trade, and/or transportation: (p15)

Innovation Impact on agricultural production, trade, and/or transportation

Pottery

Plows

Woven Textiles

Impacted trade by allowing more types of goods to be sold. Also allowed

people to travel in colder weather Metallurgy

(metalworking)

Wheels/wheeled

vehicles

Agriculture

And

Pastoralism

6

B. In both pastoralist and agrarian societies, elite groups accumulated wealth, creating more hierarchical social

structures and promoting patriarchal forms of social organization.

What is

patriarchy?

Key Concept 1.3 The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral,

and Urban Societies

I. Core and foundational civilizations developed in a variety of geographical and environmental settings

where agriculture flourished. Identify these core and foundational civilizations that developed in diverse

geographic and environmental settings:

Mesopotamia

Nile River Valley Egypt

Indus River Valley

Yellow River Valley

Mesoamerica

Andes

II. The first states emerged within core civilizations in Mesopotamia and the Nile Valley.

A. Early states were often led by a ruler who was believed to have divine support and/or who was supported by the

military. For the civilizations listed below, explain how their ruler justified their power:

China (Xia and Shang)

(p24, look up ‘mandate of

heaven’)

Egyptian Civilization

(p21)

Pharaohs claimed ‘divine authority’, they were thought to be

responsible for the sun rising

Mesopotamia (Sumer)

(p20)

B. As states grew and competed for land and resources, the more favorably situated — including the Hittites, who

had access to iron — had greater access to resources, produced more surplus food, and experienced growing

populations. These states were able to undertake territorial expansion and conquer surrounding states.

Explain how having greater access to resources, more food, and population growth lead to states taking over surrounding

territories and states: _________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

7

C. Pastoralists were often the developers and disseminators of new weapons and modes of transportation that

transformed warfare in agrarian civilizations. Explain the impact of these weapons and modes of transportation:

Weapon (compound bow, iron

weapons)

These weapons allowed people to attack or defend with better

results. It also allowed people to engage others from a further

distance (ie. Using a bow allows you to attack an enemy from far

away) Mode of Transportation

(chariot, horseback riding)

III. Culture played a significant role in unifying states through law, language, literature, religion, myths,

and monumental art.

A. Complete the grid below as examples of monumental architecture and urban planning amongst early civilizations:

Identify/Label

Ziggurat

What civilization created it?

Approximately when was it created?

What purpose does it serve?

Identify/Label

Pyramid




8

Identify/Label

Terra Cotta Army




Identify/Label

Giant Head




9

B. Systems of record keeping arose independently in all early civilizations and subsequently spread. Complete the

grid below as examples of systems of record keeping: (Options: cuneiform, hieroglyphics, alphabets, quipu)

Type of Writing System


Identify a unique characteristic of the writing system

Used pictographs




Used wedge-shaped writing




Used knots tied in ropes

C. What are some aspects about the Code of Hammurabi that show it was an example of a developed legal code that

reflected existing hierarchies and facilitated the rule of governments over people?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10

D. Complete the grid below to identify how new religious beliefs that developed during this period, continued to

have strong influences in later periods:

Vedic Religions Hebrew monotheism (p28)

Zoroastrianism

(p84)

Theism (mono, poly, etc) Polytheistic Monotheism (first

monotheistic religion)

Relative Location

From Iran and

traveled to India

Middle East (Israel)

Approx. Founding ~1500 BCE ~2000 BCE

Religious Text(s)

Vedas (written in

Sanskrit)

Hebrew Bible

Torah

Key God(s)

- Indra (warlike god)

- Varuna (upholder of

moral and cosmic

laws)

- Several other deities

God (only 1)

Key Figures/Prophets

- No one person is

mentioned

- Abraham credited

with starting it

- Jacob

- Moses

Moral Philosophy/Main

Idea

- Perform rituals to

gods

- God is omnipotent

- Jews are specially

chosen by God

- Jews must follow

God’s laws

- No real idea of

eternal afterlife

11

E. Trade expanded throughout this period from local to regional and transregional, with civilizations exchanging

goods, cultural ideas, and technology.

Draw the following early trade routes on the map:

Mesopotamia ↔ Egypt Egypt ↔ Nubia Mesopotamia ↔ the Indus Valley

F. Social and gender hierarchies intensified as states expanded and cities multiplied.

Key Vocabulary

Agriculture Nomads Pharaoh

Domestication Pastoralism Monotheism

Irrigation Diffusion Polytheism

Paleolithic Era Ideology Hittites

Neolithic Revolution City-state Demography/demographic

Surplus Sumer Code of Hammurabi

Patriarchy Babylon Harappa/Mohenjo-Daro

Stratification Ziggurat Egalitarian

Hierarchy Cuneiform

1

Unit 2 Packet c. 600 BCE – c. 600 CE

NAME : _______________________________________________

Note: Keep this packet until the end of the year so you can study it!

2

Timeline

Dates Event Location(s)

900 BCE – 600 CE Assyrian Empire Middle East

753 BCE – 476 CE Roman Empire (Western Roman

empire ended in 476, Eastern

empire continued on as

Byzantine Empire)

Europe, northern Africa, Eurasia

553 BCE – 651 CE Persian Empires Middle East

c. 500s BCE Life of Confucius, Buddha, Lao

Tzu (start of Confucianism,

Buddhism, and Daoism)

East Asia and India

400s BCE Greek golden age of philosophy

(Socrates, Plato…)

Europe

322 BCE – 186 BCE Mauryan Empire India

221 BCE – 207 BCE Qin Dynasty China

206 BCE – 220 CE Han Dynasty

Official establishment of the Silk

Road

China

100s CE Start of Christianity Middle East

200s – 900s Golden age of Maya civilization Mesoamerica

300s Start of Trans-Saharan trade

route

Northern Africa

320 – 550 Gupta Empire India

Chapter 2: Classical Civilization: China

Chapter 3: Classical Civilization: India

Chapter 4: Classical Civilizations in the Mediterranean and Middle East

Chapter 5: The Classical Period: Directions, Diversities, and Declines by 500 CE

3

Key Concept 2.1 The Development and Codification of Religious and Cultural Traditions

I. Organization and further developments of religious traditions gave people two things: a common bond

and an ethical code to live by.

A. Jews were conquered by various groups (Assyrian, Babylonian, and Roman empires) at different times, which

caused “Jewish diasporic communities” around the Mediterranean and Middle East.

Define Diaspora: ___________________________________________________________________________________

B. The core beliefs outlined in the Sanskrit scriptures formed the basis of the Vedic religions, which later became

Hinduism. Define/explain the following core beliefs of Hinduism (look in Chapter 3)

Brahma

(p68 – 69)

Reincarnation

(p69)

Caste System

(p63 – 64)

4

II. New belief systems and cultural traditions emerged and spread, often establishing universal truths.

A. Complete the grid below about Buddhism: (p70 – 71)

BUDDHISM

Theism (mono, poly, etc)

Key God(s)

Relative Location


Approx. Founding

Moral Philosophy/Main Ideas

Religious Text(s)

Explain how the following caused Buddhism to spread throughout South Asia: (p70 – 71)

Ashoka

Monasteries

5

B. Complete the grid below about the Confucian philosophical system: (p48 – 49, 53 – 54)

CONFUCIANISM

Theism (mono, poly, etc) Not a religion, a

“system of ethics” Approx. Founding

Relative Location


Key Text(s)

Moral Philosophy/Main

Ideas

During the time of Confucius, the Five Classics were written/edited and became the basis for the civil service

examinations. What were the civil service exams? _________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

C. Complete the grid below about Daoism: (p50 – 51)

DAOISM

Theism (mono, poly, etc) Not a religion, just a

belief system Key God(s)

Relative Location


Approx. Founding

Moral Philosophy/Main Ideas

Religious Text(s)

Daoism influenced medical practices and architecture:

Use of acupuncture

Architecture blended with landscape

6

D. The grid below is about Christianity:

CHRISTIANITY

Theism (mono, poly, etc) Monotheistic (some

say it’s polytheistic) Key God(s)

God

Relative Location Jerusalem/Middle

East Key Figures/Prophets

Jesus – son of God

Approx. Founding

1st century CE Moral Philosophy/Main Ideas

Religious Text(s)

- Christian Bible

- 10 Commandments

- Jesus died to save all people in the world

- One must believe in God/Jesus and do good

things in order to achieve eternal salvation

Explain how the following caused Christianity to spread throughout Afro-Eurasia: (p120 – 124)

Emperor Constantine: Ruler of Roman Empire who made Christianity the official religion of the

empire. Commissioned Christian churches to be built around Constantinople (the capital).

Missionaries:

E. The core ideas in Greco–Roman philosophy and science emphasized logic, empirical observation, and the nature

of political power and hierarchy.

F. Fill the grids below as examples of how art and architecture reflected the religions and belief systems:

(Options: Hindu, Buddhist, Greco-Roman)

Identify

The Great Stupa (Ruwanweliseya)

Religion associated with the image

Identify a unique characteristic of the art/architecture

This style generally has a dome and is

surrounded by a fence.

7

Identify

Angkor Wat



This style is meant to resemble Mt. Meru,

home to the religions deities.

Identify

Parthenon



This style consists of straight lines, tall

columns made of stone, and symmetry.

III. Belief systems generally reinforced existing social structures while also offering new roles and status to

some men and women. For example, Confucianism emphasized filial piety, and some Buddhists and

Christians practiced a monastic life. Define the following: (not specifically in the book)

Filial piety: ________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

Monasticism: ______________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

Look at pages 118 – 122 in the textbook. Give at least ONE specific example for each question:

How have religious

beliefs/practices

reinforced existing

social structures?

How have religious

beliefs/practices

impacted roles and

status of men?

How have religious

beliefs/practices

impacted roles and

status of women?

8

IV. Other religious and cultural traditions continued parallel to the codified, written belief systems in core

civilizations.

Define the following and give an example Where did it persist?

(Where was it)

Shamanism

A religion that is characterized by belief in an unseen world

of gods, demons, and ancestral spirits responsive only to

the shamans (medicine man or woman)

Northern Europe

Siberia

Animism

(p124)

Africa

Americas

Ancestor

Veneration

(Think

Mulan)

Africa

East Asia

Andes

Mediterranean

9

Mesoamerica: Teotihuacan, Maya city-states Andean South America: Moche

North America: from Chaco to Cahokia

Key Concept 2.2 The Development of States and Empires

I. The number and size of key states and empires grew dramatically as rulers imposed political unity on

areas where there originally were no competing states. On the map provided, label the key states and

empires by using different colors:

Southwest Asia: Persian empires

East Asia: Qin and Han empires

South Asia: Mauryan and Gupta empires

Mediterranean region: Phoenicia, Greek city-states, and Roman empires

Then label the following imperial cities: (Note: see the dots on the map)

Persepolis Pataliputra Carthage Alexandria Teotihuacan

Chang’an Athens Rome Constantinople

A. Select ONE of the imperial cites listed above to answer the following questions:

How did the city serve as a center of trade?

How was it an example of public performance of religious rituals?

What was its political administration like?

10

II. Empires and states developed new techniques of imperial administration.

A. In the grid below, explain how in these regions rulers created administrative institutions, including centralized

governments/bureaucracies as well as elaborate legal systems:

Centralized Government, Bureaucracy, and/or Legal System

China

(p46 – 48)

Persia

(p83 – 84)

- Authoritarian-style rule with local officials (satraps) to carry out orders

- Centralized tax collection

- Had an established court system

Rome

(p90 – 92)

South Asia

(p66 – 67)

B. Select ONE imperial government listed above and explain how it promoted trade and military power over areas

by each of the following:

Civ 1:

Persia

Issuing Currency

Gold coins used since Cyrus the

Great (c. 550 – 530 BCE)

Diplomacy

Tolerance of neighboring

languages, cultures, etc

Development of

Supply Lines

Paved road systems with rest

stops and postal service

Construction of

Fortifications, Defensive

Walls, and Roads

Persian emperor Darius I rebuilt

Royal Road to improve

trade/travel

Expanding the Military by

Drawing from New

Locations or Conquered

Populations

11

III. Unique social and economic dimensions developed in imperial societies in Afro-Eurasia and the

Americas.

A. The social structures of empires displayed hierarchies that included cultivators, laborers, slaves, artisans,

merchants, elites, and caste groups. Provide an explanation of social/economic/political/religious hierarchies within

each:

Rome:

South Asia:

B. Imperial societies relied on a range of methods to maintain the production of food and provide rewards for the

loyalty of the elites. These methods of ensuring production were:

Corvee labor

Define the following:

Corvee labor

Tribute

C. Patriarchy continued to shape gender and family relations in all imperial societies for this period.

Slavery Rents and

tributes

Peasant

communities

Family and

household

production

12

IV. The Roman, Han, Persian, Maurya, and Gupta empires encountered political, cultural, and

administrative difficulties that they could not manage, which eventually led to their decline, collapse,

and transformation into successor empires or states.

A. List factors that led to the collapses of the following empires. Circle or highlight similarities:

Han Dynasty

(p112 – 113)

Gupta Empire

(p113)

Rome

(p113 – 114)

Maurya Empire

13

Key Concept 2.3 Emergence of Interregional Networks of Communication and Exchange

I. Land and water routes became the basis for interregional trade, communication, and exchange

networks in the Eastern Hemisphere.

A. On the grid below, describe the varying factors for each trade route:

Climate / Location Trade Goods Ethnicity of People Involved

Eurasian Silk

Roads

Rice, cotton, silk, tea,

porcelain

Trans-Saharan

caravan routes

Indian Ocean

Rice, cotton

Mediterranean

Sea

On the map, draw each of

the FOUR main trade

routes. Try to be as

accurate as possible.

14

II. New technologies facilitated long-distance communication and exchange.

A. New technologies permitted the use of domesticated pack animals to transport goods across longer trade routes.

How does the use of pack animals influence trade? __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Identify and explain ONE maritime innovation that stimulated exchange along routes from East Africa to East

Asia: (Options: compass, astrolabe, lateen sail)

Maritime Innovation:

How did a more advanced knowledge of monsoon winds help stimulate trade from Africa to Asia? __________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

III. In addition to goods being traded, an exchange of people, technology, beliefs, food, animals, and

diseases also took place.

A. How does the transfer of crops encourage changes in farming and irrigation techniques?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is the qanat system? ____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. Put the following events in the order in which they occurred:

Decline of empires, Spread of diseases through trade, Diminishes urban populations

15

C. For each of the religions listed below, explain where they spread to and how they changed during this time:

Where it spread How it Changed

Christianity

(p120 – 122)

Europe

Buddhism

(p118 – 120)

China, Southeast Asia

Key Vocabulary

Diaspora

Reincarnation

Caste system/varnas

Monotheism

Polytheism

Missionary

Filial Piety

Monasticism

Shamanism

Animism

Ancestor veneration

Shi Huangdi

Zhou dynasty

Qin dynasty

Han dynasty

Great Wall

Maurya

Gupta

Ashoka

Rome

Currency

Bureaucracy

Fortification

Hellenism

Corvee labor

Chattel slavery

Tribute

Silk Road

Trans-Saharan trade route

Alexander the Great

Julius Caeser

Oligarchy

Democracy

Syncretism

Sanskrit

Stupa

Buddha

Confucius

Jainism

Christianity

Confucius

Cyrus the Great

Royal Road

Daoism

Legalism

satraps

Shamans

White Huns

Yellow Turban Revolution

Documents

AP World Summer Assignment 2019-2020 · Sumer Harappa Mesopotamia Indus river valley 3100 Start of Egypt Nile river valley 3000 – 2600 Mohenjo-Daro Indus river valley 2000 – c