AP World HistoryAUGUST 31, 2015

Warm Up – August 31, 2015

Was the Zhou dynasty a success or failure? Write your argument in 4 complete sentences, using your reading and notes to support your opinion.

Agenda◦ Warm Up◦ Qin Dynasty◦ Chinese Philosophy Activity

Don’t forget! ◦ Reading – Chapter 3 (Reading Guide due Friday, August 28th)

Essential Question

What makes a dynasty last?

Classical Civilization China

Zhou dynasty (1029-258 BCE)

Revolt so fierce that the blood in the streets of the capital was deep enough to float blocks of wood.

Zhou Mandate of Heaven Mandate of heaven

◦ Government receives it right to govern by heaven approval.◦ The responsibility of people to overthrow governments when ruler

loses the approval of the Gods.◦ Governments lose approval if they are unjust and ineffective.

Zhou Dynasty (1029-258 BCE)

(Pronounced like “Joe”)

Zhou acquired most of the Shang Culture and Technology

Last Shang King was said to be a physical giant and monster of depravity, among his cruelties was that he made drinking cups of the skulls of his vanquished enemies. Slaves and Zhou vassals revolted against Shang cruelties. (1050 B.C.)

Zhou Economic Growth

Iron tools like axes and ox drawn iron plows replaced wooden farm tools.◦ Made farming better because farmers could produce more food.

First time coin money began to be used.◦ Made trade better because a merchant could carry money a lot easier then a herd of cows.

Zhou Political System

Political system like feudal Europe◦ Serfdom and Hereditary Lords

◦ Land is endowed for oaths of military service. ◦ Local Lords were culturally and linguistically different.

Zhou Destruction

771 BCE, Wei Valley capital of Zhou is sacked ◦ Vassals become rival states.

◦ Qui in the west ◦ Jin in the north◦ Yan to north east◦ Chu to the south◦ Qi to east

◦ No dominant Chinese culture or National identity

Class Divisions A Sharp class division existed between the landowning aristocracy, educated bureaucrats and laboring masses.

Warring States 400-225 B.C.E

Chaos and War (450-200BCE)

War becomes larger in scale and more ruthless

Stronger states conquered and absorbed weaker ones.

In response to crisis schools of thought were introduced: ◦ Confucianism (~500BCE)◦ Daoism (~100BCE)◦ Legalism (~400BCE)

Qin Dynasty (221-202 BCE)

Qin with legalism as its ideology succeeded in ending the Warring states era.

Qin defeated all its rivals to unite China King of Qin took the title of Qin Shi Huangdi or first Emperor.

Qin Dynasty – Economics Qin laid the basis for an enduring imperial order. Created unified Administrative system

◦ Standardized ◦ Weight & measures system◦ Cart axle width◦ Coinage◦ Writing

Qin Dynasty – Construction Standardize people’s thoughts

◦ Buried hundreds of scholars alive◦ Burned books and scholars to eliminate unorthodox ideas.

Imposed Taxes.

Massive Terracotta tomb.

Qin Dynasty – Great Wall Great Wall of China

◦ Protected north steppe border◦ Reportedly 1 million died in the building of the wall

Chinese Philosophers Activity1. Read each quote.

2. Decide what philosophy the quote best represents.

3. On your own sheet of paper, or on the back, explain which philosophy it represents and defend your choice in complete sentences.

4. You may use your device to help you with this activity.

This is homework if it is not completed in class.

Han Dynasty (202BCE-220CE)

Traded with Rome and Indian Empires.

Accepted Confucianism and the Han Dynasty was less cruel.

Han, Sciences

History records begin to be kept.◦ History of the elite.

Math, Science, Geography, and Astronomy.◦ Magnetic Compass.◦ Paper from wood pulp.◦ 5th century wood block printing.

Han, Medicine Acupuncture.

Figured out the function of internal organs.

Figured out the circulation of blood.

Metallic and Ceramic luxury items.

Han, Art Silk manufacturing. Bronze, Jade, and Ceramics used for art.

Poetry. Landscape art. Instrumental music.

Han, Economics Canals Built. Road System. Iron.

◦ Plows, Horse harnesses increase horse power.

Fertilizer.◦ Animal wastes.

Han, Government Functioned through complex Bureaucracy.

Confucius Ideas.

Tests to be in Bureaucracy.◦ Took the best regardless of social class.

Han, Foreign Affairs

Groups were assimilated by China. Developed trade contacts with India.

◦ Trade Commission sent to Rome.◦ Nothing of interest in Rome.

Diffusion of Buddhism.

Han, Problems Peasant Rebellions. Disloyal Bureaucracy. Over Taxation. Warlords gained more power.

Chinese Philosophy Activity