Upload
lamquynh
View
212
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1
AP Chemistry Summer Assignment
Welcome to college chemistry!
Below is the full summer assignment with extra practice. If you want more information or help,
see my website www.mrwestfieldsclass.yolasite.com
Assignment:
Things to buy:
Lab Notebook: Lab Notebook 100 Carbonless Pages Spiral Bound; by Barbakam
(Author) (about $18 on Amazon). Note: If you have a carbonless notebook from
another AP science class you can use that if there are at least 50 pages left.
Classroom Materials: 3” 3-ring binder, paper, scientific calculator, writing utensils.
Things to Study and Practice:
Take the three naming practice quizzes sometime near the start of school. Score
yourself with the supplied answers. If you scored highly, then you will be ready to
take the naming quiz we will have on the second day of school. Use the provided
periodic table as a reference.
If you want to improve your score, see my website for more practice and help.
There is nothing to submit to me for the summer assignment. Just be ready for the
quiz as there will be no re-takes.
Again, welcome to our class. Please contact me at [email protected] if you
have any questions. During the school year, I will check this e-mail address regularly. During the
summer, I plan on not checking e-mail often.
Mr. Westfield
SEE BELOW FOR EXTRA PRACTICE AND
INFORMATION. SEE WEBSITE FOR VIDEO HELP.
2
Nomenclature (Naming) Practice
Instructions: Use the material provided below to review naming.
Notes: This is for a REVIEW and will not tell you how to name. If you need help to understand
any of this, you can go to my website or use other materials to help. You can also send me an
email if you have specific questions.
4
Common Element/Symbol List
NOTE: Spelling counts. Capitalization counts on symbols. In a symbol, the first letter is
ALWAYS a capital letter. If the symbol has two letters, the second is ALWAYS a lower case
letter.
Hydrogen H
Helium He
Lithium Li
Beryllium Be
Boron B
Carbon C
Nitrogen N
Oxygen O
Fluorine F
Neon Ne
Sodium Na
Magnesium Mg (NOT Manganese!)
Aluminum Al
Silicon Si
Phosphorous P
Sulfur S (Sulphur is British spelling)
Chlorine Cl
Argon Ar
Potassium K
Calcium Ca
Scandium Sc
Titanium Ti
Vanadium V
Chromium Cr
Manganese Mn (not Magnesium!)
Iron Fe
Cobalt Co (not CO)
Nickel Ni
Copper Cu
Zinc Zn
Gallium Ga
Germanium Ge
Arsenic As
Selenium Se
Bromine Br
Krypton Kr
Rubidium Rb
Strontium Sr
Yttrium Y
Zirconium Zr
Palladium Pd
Silver Ag
Cadmium Cd
Tin Sn
Antimony Sb
Tellurium Te
Iodine I
Xenon Xe
Cesium Cs
Barium Ba
Tungsten W
Platinum Pt
Gold Au
Mercury Hg
Thallium Tl
Lead Pb
Bismuth Bi
Radon Rn
Radium Ra
Uranium U
5
Polyatomic Ion List for AP Chemistry Some Rules:
-ite is one less oxygen than the –ate {ex: nitrate (NO3-) to nitrite (NO2
-)}
Hypo- is one less oxygen than the –ite {ex: chlorite (ClO2-) to hypochlorite (ClO-)}
Per- is one more oxygen than the –ate {ex: chlorate (ClO3-) to perchlorate (ClO4
-)}
Hydrogen can be added to -2 or -3 ions to make a “new ion” {ex: H2PO4 – is dihydrogen
phosphate (note the – charge went up 1 for each H+ added)}
Strategy: Learn the bold ions below first. They are the most important. Then, learn the others.
Use the Rules above to help. Make flashcards and practice a few minutes daily until you get
these!
+1
ammonium, NH4+
-1
acetate, C2H3O2-, or CH3COO -
chlorate, ClO3-
cyanide, CN-
hydrogen carbonate, HCO3- (also called bicarbonate)
hydroxide, OH-
hypochlorite, ClO-
nitrate, NO3-
nitrite, NO2-
permanganate, MnO4-
perchlorate, ClO4-
-2
carbonate, CO3 -2
chromate, CrO4 -2
dichromate, Cr2O7 -2
peroxide, O2 -2
sulfate, SO4 -2
sulfite, SO3 -2
-3
phosphate, PO4 -3
phosphite, PO3 -3
6
Periodic Table and Ionic Charges
You need to know:
1. Group 1A ions always have a +1 charge (i.e. Li+)
2. Group 2A ions have a +2 charge (i.e. Ca2+
3. Group 3A ions typical have a +3 charge (i.e. Al3+)
4. Group 4A ions vary
5. Group 5A ions typically have a -3 charge (i.e. N3-)
6. Group 6A ions typically have a -2 charge (i.e. O2-)
7. Group 7A ions typically have a -1 charge (i.e. Cl-)
8. Noble gases only form ions in extreme cases
9. Transitions elements typically have variable charge, however you need to know these
fixed transition element ion charges:
a. Silver ion Ag+
b. Zinc ion Zn2+
c. Cadmium ion Cd2+
Common Diatomic and Polyatomic Elements
These elements, when uncombined with other element, exist as diatomic or polyatomic elements:
Hydrogen H2 Nitrogen N2 Oxygen O2 Fluorine F2
Chlorine Cl2 Bromine Br2 Iodine I2 phosphorous P4
Common Names of Common Chemicals
1. H2O water
2. CH4 methane
3. NH3 ammonia
Hydrates
Water loosely attaches to many ionic compounds.
Example: CuSO4.5H2O copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate
7
Ionic Naming Practice 1
Name the following ionic compounds:
1) NH4Cl _____________________________________
2) Fe(NO3)3 _____________________________________
3) TiBr3 _____________________________________
4) Cu3P _____________________________________
5) SnSe2 _____________________________________
6) GaAs _____________________________________
7) Pb(SO4)2 _____________________________________
8) Be(HCO3)2 _____________________________________
9) Mn2(SO3)3 _____________________________________
10) Al(CN)3 _____________________________________
Write the formulas for the following compounds:
11) chromium (VI) phosphate _____________________________________
12) vanadium (IV) carbonate _____________________________________
13) tin (II) nitrite _____________________________________
14) cobalt (III) oxide _____________________________________
15) titanium (II) acetate _____________________________________
16) vanadium (V) sulfide _____________________________________
17) chromium (III) hydroxide _____________________________________
18) lithium iodide _____________________________________
19) lead (II) nitride _____________________________________
20 silver bromide _____________________________________
8
Answers: Ionic Naming Practice 1
1) ammonium chloride
2) iron (III) nitrate
3) titanium (III) bromide
4) copper (I) phosphide
5) tin (IV) selenide
6) gallium arsenide
7) lead (IV) sulfate
8) beryllium bicarbonate
9) manganese (III) sulfite
10) aluminum cyanide
11) Cr(PO4)2
12) V(CO3)2
13) Sn(NO2)2
14) Co2O3
15) Ti(CH3COO)2
16) V2S5
17) Cr(OH)3
18) LiI
19) Pb3N2
20) AgBr
9
Ionic Naming Practice 2
Name the following ionic compounds:
1) NaBr __________________________________
2) Sc(OH)3 __________________________________
3) V2(SO4)3 __________________________________
4) NH4F __________________________________
5) CaCO3 __________________________________
6) NiPO4 __________________________________
7) Li2SO3 __________________________________
8) Zn3P2 __________________________________
9) Sr(CH3COO)2 __________________________________
10) Cu2O __________________________________
11) Ag3PO4 __________________________________
12) YClO3 __________________________________
13) SnS2 __________________________________
14) Ti(CN)4 __________________________________
15) KMnO4 __________________________________
16) Pb3N2 __________________________________
17) CoCO3 __________________________________
18) CdSO3 __________________________________
19) Cu(NO2)2 __________________________________
20) Fe(HCO3)2 __________________________________
10
Write the formulas for the following ionic compounds:
21) lithium acetate __________________________________
22) iron (II) phosphate __________________________________
23) titanium (II) selenide __________________________________
24) calcium bromide __________________________________
25) gallium chloride __________________________________
26) sodium hydride __________________________________
27) beryllium hydroxide __________________________________
28) zinc carbonate __________________________________
29) manganese (VII) arsenide __________________________________
30) copper (II) chlorate __________________________________
31) cobalt (III) chromate __________________________________
32) ammonium oxide __________________________________
33) potassium hydroxide __________________________________
34) lead (IV) sulfate __________________________________
35) silver cyanide __________________________________
36) vanadium (V) nitride __________________________________
37) strontium acetate __________________________________
38) molybdenum (VI) sulfate __________________________________
39) platinum (II) sulfide __________________________________
40) ammonium sulfate __________________________________
11
Answers: Ionic Naming Practice 2
Name the following ionic compounds:
1) NaBr sodium bromide
2) Sc(OH)3 scandium (III) hydroxide
3) V2(SO4)3 vanadium (III) sulfate
4) NH4F ammonium fluoride
5) CaCO3 calcium carbonate
6) NiPO4 nickel (III) phosphate
7) Li2SO3 lithium sulfite
8) Zn3P2 zinc phosphide
9) Sr(CH3COO)2 strontium acetate
10) Cu2O copper (I) oxide
11) Ag3PO4 silver phosphate
12) YClO3 yttrium(I) chlorate
13) SnS2 tin (IV) sulfide
14) Ti(CN)4 titanium (IV) cyanide
15) KMnO4 potassium permanganate
16) Pb3N2 lead (II) nitride
17) CoCO3 cobalt (II) carbonate
18) CdSO3 cadmium sulfite
19) Cu(NO2)2 copper (II) nitrite
20) Fe(HCO3)2 iron (II) bicarbonate
12
Write the formulas for the following ionic compounds:
21) lithium acetate LiCH3COO
22) iron (II) phosphate Fe3(PO4)2
23) titanium (II) selenide TiSe
24) calcium bromide CaBr2
25) gallium chloride GaCl3
26) sodium hydride NaH
27) beryllium hydroxide Be(OH)2
28) zinc carbonate ZnCO3
29) manganese (VII) arsenide Mn3As7
30) copper (II) chlorate Cu(ClO3)2
31) cobalt (III) chromate Co2(CrO4)3
32) ammonium oxide (NH4)2O
33) potassium hydroxide KOH
34) lead (IV) sulfate Pb(SO4)2
35) silver cyanide AgCN
36) vanadium (V) nitride V3N5
37) strontium acetate Sr(CH3COO)2
38) molybdenum sulfate Mo(SO4)3
39) platinum (II) sulfide PtS
40) ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4
13
Ionic Naming Practice 3
Write the formulas of the following ionic compounds
1) iron (II) arsenide _____________________________________
2) lead (II) sulfate _____________________________________
3) lead (IV) hydroxide _____________________________________
4) copper (II) acetate _____________________________________
5) beryllium chloride _____________________________________
6) ammonium chromate _____________________________________
7) silver oxide _____________________________________
8) potassium sulfide _____________________________________
Write the names of the following ionic compounds
9) KI _____________________________________
10) Mn2(SO3)7 _____________________________________
11) SnBr4 _____________________________________
12) Mg3P2 _____________________________________
13) NaF _____________________________________
14) Sr(MnO4)2 _____________________________________
15) Cr(PO4)2 _____________________________________
16) Al2Se3 _____________________________________
14
Answers: Ionic Naming Practice 3
Write the formulas of the following ionic compounds:
1) iron (II) arsenide Fe3As2
2) lead (II) sulfate PbSO4
3) lead (IV) hydroxide Pb(OH)4
4) copper (II) acetate Cu(CH3COO)2
5) beryllium chloride BeCl2
6) ammonium chromate (NH4)2CrO4
7) silver oxide Ag2O
8) potassium sulfide K2S
Write the names of the following ionic compounds:
9) KI potassium iodide
10) Mn2(SO3)7 manganese (VII) sulfite
11) SnBr4 tin (IV) bromide
12) Mg3P2 magnesium phosphide
13) NaF sodium fluoride
14) Sr(MnO4)2 strontium permanganate
15) Cr(PO4)2 chromium (II) phosphate
16) Al2Se3 aluminum selenide
15
Naming Acids and Bases
Memorize the acids and bases in the table below first. If needed, see summer assignment web
page for more help on how to name acids and bases.
Formula Name
Acids H2SO4 sulfuric acid
HCl hydrochloric acid
HBr hydrobromic acid
HI hydroiodic acid
HClO3 chloric acid
HClO4 perchloric acid
HNO3 nitric acid
HF hydrofluoric acid
CH3COOH acetic acid
H2CO3 carbonic acid
Bases LiOH lithium hydroxide
NaOH sodium hydroxide
KOH potassium hydroxide
RbOH rubidium hydroxide
CsOH cesium hydroxide
Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide
Sr(OH)2 strontium hydroxide
Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide
NH3 ammonia
Name the following acids and bases:
1) NaOH _______________________________________
2) H2SO4 _______________________________________
3) H2SO3 _______________________________________
4) H3PO4 _______________________________________
5) NH3 _______________________________________
6) HCN _______________________________________
7) Ca(OH)2 _______________________________________
8) Fe(OH)3 _______________________________________
9) H3P _______________________________________
16
10) CH3COOH ______________________________________
11) KOH ___________________________________
12) HNO3 ________________________________________
13) HNO2 ________________________________________
14) HClO3 _____________________________________
15) HClO4 ________________________________________
16) H2CO3 _______________________________________
Write the formulas of the following acids and bases:
17) hydrofluoric acid _______________________________________
18) hydroselenic acid _______________________________________
19) carbonic acid _______________________________________
20) lithium hydroxide _______________________________________
21) nitrous acid _______________________________________
22) cobalt (II) hydroxide _______________________________________
23) sulfuric acid _______________________________________
24) beryllium hydroxide _______________________________________
25) hydrobromic acid _______________________________________
26) nitric acid _________________________________________
27) ammonia ____________________________________
28) acetic acid ______________________________________
17
Answers: Naming Acids and Bases
Name the following acids and bases:
1) NaOH sodium hydroxide
2) H2SO4 sulfuric acid
3) H2SO3 sulfurous acid
4) H3PO4 phosphoric acid
5) NH3 ammonia
6) HCN hydrocyanic acid
7) Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide
8) Fe(OH)3 iron (III) hydroxide
9) H3P hydrophosphoric acid
10) CH3COOH acetic acid
11) KOH potassium hydroxide
12) HNO3 nitric acid
13) HNO2 nitrous acid
14) HClO3 chloric acid
15) HClO4 perchloric acid
16) H2CO3 carbonic acid
Write the formulas of the following acids and bases:
17) hydrofluoric acid HF
18) hydroselenic acid H2Se
19) carbonic acid H2CO3
20) lithium hydroxide LiOH
21) nitrous acid HNO2
22) cobalt (II) hydroxide Co(OH)2
23) sulfuric acid H2SO4
24) beryllium hydroxide Be(OH)2
25) hydrobromic acid HBr
26) nitric acid HNO3
27) ammonia NH3
28) acetic acid CH3COOH
18
Covalent Naming Practice
Write the names of the following covalent compounds:
1) SO3 ____________________________________
2) N2S ____________________________________
3) PH3 ____________________________________
4) BF3 ____________________________________
5) P2Br4 ____________________________________
6) CO ____________________________________
7) SiO2 ____________________________________
8) SF6 ____________________________________
9) NH3 ____________________________________
10) NO2 ____________________________________
Write the formulas of the following covalent compounds:
11) nitrogen trichloride __________________
12) carbon tetrachloride __________________
13) dinitrogen trioxide __________________
14) phosphorus pentafluoride __________________
15) methane __________________
16) sulfur dibromide __________________
17) diboron tetrahydride __________________
18) oxygen difluoride __________________
19) carbon disulfide __________________
20) nitrogen monoxide __________________
19
Answers: Covalent Naming Practice
Write the names of the following covalent compounds:
1) SO3 sulfur trioxide
2) N2S dinitrogen monosulfide
3) PH3 phosphorus trihydride
4) BF3 boron trifluoride
5) P2Br4 diphosphorus tetrabromide
6) CO carbon monoxide
7) SiO2 silicon dioxide
8) SF6 sulfur hexafluoride
9) NH3 ammonia
10) NO2 nitrogen dioxide
Write the formulas of the following covalent compounds:
11) nitrogen trichloride NCl3
12) carbon tetrachloride CCl4
13) dinitrogen trioxide N2O3
14) phosphorus pentafluoride PF5
15) methane CH4
16) sulfur dibromide SBr2
17) diboron tetrahydride B2H4
18) oxygen difluoride OF2
19) carbon disulfide CS2
20) nitrogen monoxide NO
20
Practice Quiz 1
Name each compound.
1) Na2CO3 _________________________________________
2) NH4OH _________________________________________
3) NH3 _________________________________________
4) FeSO4 _________________________________________
5) SiO2 _________________________________________
6) Ga(NO3)3 _________________________________________
7) H2SO4 _________________________________________
8) B2H4 _________________________________________
9) CO _________________________________________
10) HClO4 _________________________________________
Write the formulas of the following chemical compounds:
11) dinitrogen trioxide _________________________________________
12) nitrogen _________________________________________
13) methane _________________________________________
14) lithium acetate _________________________________________
15) phosphorus trifluoride _________________________________________
16) vanadium (V) oxide _________________________________________
17) aluminum hydroxide _________________________________________
18) zinc sulfide _________________________________________
19) carbonic acid _________________________________________
20) silver phosphate _________________________________________
21
Answers: Practice Quiz 1
Name each compound.
1) Na2CO3 sodium carbonate
2) NH4OH ammonium hydroxide
3) NH3 ammonia
4) FeSO4 iron (II) sulfate
5) SiO2 silicon dioxide
6) Ga(NO3)3 gallium nitrate
7) H2SO4 sulfuric acid
8) B2H4 diboron tetrahydride
9) CO carbon monoxide
10) HClO4 perchloric acid
Write the formulas of the following chemical compounds:
11) dinitrogen trioxide N2O3
12) nitrogen N2
13) methane CH4
14) lithium acetate LiCH3COO
15) phosphorus trifluoride PF3
16) vanadium (V) oxide V2O5
17) aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3
18) zinc sulfide ZnS
19) carbonic acid H2CO3
20) silver phosphate Ag3PO4
22
Practice Quiz 2
Name each compound.
1) HI ______________________________________
2) CaSO4 ______________________________________
3) C2Br6 ______________________________________
4) Cr(CO3)3 ______________________________________
5) Ag3P ______________________________________
6) IO2 ______________________________________
7) HCl ______________________________________
8) PbS ______________________________________
9) CH4 ______________________________________
10) N2O3 ______________________________________
Write the formulas of the following chemical compounds:
11) tetraphosphorus triselenide ____________________________________
12) potassium acetate ______________________________________
13) iron (II) phosphide ______________________________________
14) disilicon hexabromide ______________________________________
15) titanium (IV) nitrate ______________________________________
16) diselenium diiodide ______________________________________
17) copper (I) phosphate ______________________________________
18) ammonium oxide ______________________________________
19) nitric acid ______________________________________
20) phosphorus ______________________________________
23
Answers: Practice Quiz 2
Name each compound.
1) HI hydroiodic acid
2) CaSO4 calcium sulfate
3) C2Br6 dicarbon hexabromide
4) Cr(CO3)3 chromium (VI) carbonate
5) Ag3P silver phosphide
6) IO2 iodine dioxide
7) HCl hydrochloric acid
8) PbS lead (II) sulfide
9) CH4 methane
10) N2O3 dinitrogen trioxide
Write the formulas of the following chemical compounds:
11) tetraphosphorus triselenide P4Se3
12) potassium acetate KCH3COO
13) iron (II) phosphide Fe3P2
14) disilicon hexabromide Si2Br6
15) titanium (IV) nitrate Ti(NO3)4
16) diselenium diiodide Se2I2
17) copper (I) phosphate Cu3PO4
18) ammonium oxide (NH4)2O
19) nitric acid HNO3
20) phosphorus P4
24
Practice Quiz 3
Name each compound.
1) NaBr ______________________________________________
2) Ca(C2H3O2)2 ______________________________________________
3) P2O5 ______________________________________________
4) HBr ______________________________________________
5) FePO4 ______________________________________________
6) K3N ______________________________________________
7) SO2 _____________________________________________
8) CuOH ______________________________________________
9) Zn(NO2)2 ______________________________________________
10) V2S3 ______________________________________________
Write the formulas for the following chemical compounds:
11) silicon dioxide _________________________
12) nickel (III) sulfide _________________________
13) manganese (II) phosphate _________________________
14) silver acetate _________________________
15) diboron tetrabromide _________________________
16) magnesium sulfate heptahydrate _________________________
17) potassium carbonate _________________________
18) ammonium oxide _________________________
19) acetic acid _________________________
20) ammonia _________________________
25
Answers: Practice Quiz 3
Name the following chemical compounds:
1) NaBr sodium bromide
2) Ca(C2H3O2)2 calcium acetate
3) P2O5 diphosphorus pentoxide
4) HBr hydrobromic acid
5) FePO4 iron(III) phosphate
6) K3N potassium nitride
7) SO2 sulfur dioxide
8) CuOH copper(I) hydroxide
9) Zn(NO2)2 zinc nitrite
10) V2S3 vanadium(III) sulfide
Write the formulas for the following chemical compounds:
11) silicon dioxide SiO2
12) nickel (III) sulfide Ni2S3
13) manganese (II) phosphate Mn3(PO4)2
14) silver acetate AgC2H3O2
15) diboron tetrabromide B2Br4
16) magnesium sulfate heptahydrate MgSO4.7H2O
17) potassium carbonate K2CO3
18) ammonium oxide (NH4)2O
19) acetic acid CH3COOH
20) ammonia NH3