AP Chemistry Chapter 8 and 9 Jeopardy

AP ChemistryAP ChemistryChapter 8 and 9 JeopardyChapter 8 and 9 Jeopardy

Jennie L. BordersJennie L. Borders

Round 1 – Chapter 8 Round 1 – Chapter 8 Basic Concepts of Basic Concepts of

Chemical Bonding Chemical Bonding

Lattice Lattice EnergyEnergy PolarityPolarity Lewis Dot Lewis Dot

StructuresStructuresFormal Formal ChargeCharge ResonanceResonance SurpriseSurprise

100 100 100 100 100 100

200 200 200 200 200 200

300 300 300 300 300 300

400 400 400 400 400 400

500 500 500 500 500 500

Round 2 – Chapter 9 Round 2 – Chapter 9 Molecular Geometry Molecular Geometry

and Bonding Theories and Bonding Theories

Click to go to Round 2Click to go to Round 2

Lattice Energy 100Lattice Energy 100

Define lattice energy.Define lattice energy.

Lattice energy is the energy Lattice energy is the energy required to completely separate a required to completely separate a

mole of a solid ionic compound mole of a solid ionic compound into its gaseous ions.into its gaseous ions.

Lattice Energy 200Lattice Energy 200

Which factors govern the Which factors govern the magnitude of lattice energy of an magnitude of lattice energy of an

ionic compound?ionic compound?

The magnitude of charge and the The magnitude of charge and the size of the ions.size of the ions.

Lattice Energy 300Lattice Energy 300Explain the following trend in lattice Explain the following trend in lattice

energy: BaO > KF.energy: BaO > KF.

BaO has a larger magnitude of BaO has a larger magnitude of charge (+2 and -2), KF only has +1 charge (+2 and -2), KF only has +1

and -1.and -1.

Lattice Energy 400Lattice Energy 400Explain the following trend in lattice Explain the following trend in lattice

energy: CaFenergy: CaF22 > BaF > BaF22..

CaFCaF22 has a smaller cation, so has a smaller cation, so lattice energy is larger.lattice energy is larger.

Lattice Energy 500Lattice Energy 500Arrange the following compounds Arrange the following compounds in order of lowest to highest lattice in order of lowest to highest lattice

energy: ScN, KBr, MgO, NaF.energy: ScN, KBr, MgO, NaF.

KBr, NaF, MgO, ScNKBr, NaF, MgO, ScN

Polarity 100Polarity 100

Of the following pair, which one is a Of the following pair, which one is a molecular substance and which molecular substance and which one is an ionic substance: PbClone is an ionic substance: PbCl44

or RbCl.or RbCl.PbClPbCl44 = molecular = molecular

RbCl = ionicRbCl = ionic


What is the most electronegative What is the most electronegative atom in the following set: Ge, As, atom in the following set: Ge, As,

P, Sn.P, Sn.

PP

Polarity 300Polarity 300Which of the following bonds are Which of the following bonds are polar: B – F, Cl – Cl, Se – O, or polar: B – F, Cl – Cl, Se – O, or

H – I.H – I.

All of them except Cl – Cl. All of them except Cl – Cl.


Draw the dipole moment for the Draw the dipole moment for the following bond O – P.following bond O – P.

O – PO – P


Draw the dipole moments for the Draw the dipole moments for the following molecule: NOfollowing molecule: NO33

--..

3 resonance structures, dipoles 3 resonance structures, dipoles point toward the O’spoint toward the O’s

Lewis Dot Structures 100Lewis Dot Structures 100

Draw the Lewis dot structure for Draw the Lewis dot structure for SiHSiH44..

Lewis Dot Structures 200Lewis Dot Structures 200Draw the Lewis dot structures for CO.Draw the Lewis dot structures for CO.


Draw the Lewis dot structure for Draw the Lewis dot structure for CC22HH22..


Draw the Lewis dot structure for Draw the Lewis dot structure for ClOClO22

--..


Draw the Lewis dot structure for Draw the Lewis dot structure for AsOAsO33

3-3-..

Formal Charge 100Formal Charge 100

Determine the formal charges on the Determine the formal charges on the atoms of ClOatoms of ClO44

--..Formal charge on Cl = +3 and on all the O = -1


Determine the formal charges on the Determine the formal charges on the atoms of NOatoms of NO++..

Formal charge on N = 0 and O = +1


Determine the formal charges on the Determine the formal charges on the atoms of SOatoms of SO22..

Formal charge on S = 0 and on both Formal charge on S = 0 and on both O = 0O = 0


Determine the formal charges on the Determine the formal charges on the atoms of SOatoms of SO33. (make sure all atoms . (make sure all atoms

follow the octet rule)follow the octet rule)Formal charge on S = +2, on the Formal charge on S = +2, on the

double bonded O = 0, and on the 2 double bonded O = 0, and on the 2 single bonded O = -1single bonded O = -1


Determine the formal charges on the Determine the formal charges on the atoms of SOatoms of SO33

2-2-. (make sure all atoms . (make sure all atoms obey the octet rule)obey the octet rule)

Formal charge on S = +1 and on all Formal charge on S = +1 and on all O = -1O = -1

Resonance 100Resonance 100

Draw the resonance structures for Draw the resonance structures for NONO22

--..


Draw the resonance structures for Draw the resonance structures for NONO22

++. .


Use resonance structures to explain Use resonance structures to explain why the C – C bonds in benzene why the C – C bonds in benzene

are all the same length.are all the same length.Benzene can be drawn with Benzene can be drawn with alternating single and double alternating single and double

bonds. Since resonance bonds. Since resonance structures can be drawn, each structures can be drawn, each bond is considered a 1.5 bondbond is considered a 1.5 bond

..


Predict the ordering of the C – O Predict the ordering of the C – O bond lengths in CO, CObond lengths in CO, CO22, and , and

COCO332-2-..

CO, COCO, CO22, CO, CO332-2-


Based on the Lewis structures, Based on the Lewis structures, predict the ordering of N – O bond predict the ordering of N – O bond

lengths in NOlengths in NO22--, NO, NO33

--, and NO, and NO++..NONO++, NO, NO22

--, NO, NO33--

Surprise 100Surprise 100

What is the difference in an ionic, What is the difference in an ionic, covalent, and metallic bond.covalent, and metallic bond.

An ionic bond is the transfer of electrons An ionic bond is the transfer of electrons between two atoms.between two atoms.

A covalent bond is the sharing of electrons A covalent bond is the sharing of electrons between two atoms.between two atoms.

A metallic bond is the attraction of the A metallic bond is the attraction of the positive metal nuclei for the sea of valence positive metal nuclei for the sea of valence

electrons. electrons.


Define electronegativity and list the Define electronegativity and list the periodic trends.periodic trends.

Electronegativity is the ability of an Electronegativity is the ability of an atom of attract an electron.atom of attract an electron.

Electronegativity increases as you go Electronegativity increases as you go across a period and decreases as you across a period and decreases as you

go down a group.go down a group.


Write the electron configuration for Write the electron configuration for FeFe2+ 2+ and Feand Fe3+3+..

FeFe2+ 2+ = 1s= 1s222s2s222p2p663s3s223p3p663d3d66

FeFe3+ 3+ = 1s= 1s222s2s222p2p663s3s223p3p663d3d55


What is the electronegativity What is the electronegativity difference for nonpolar, polar, and difference for nonpolar, polar, and

ionic?ionic?

NonpolarNonpolar <0.5<0.5 PolarPolar 0.5 – 2.00.5 – 2.0

Ionic Ionic >2.0>2.0


How do you calculate bond enthalpy How do you calculate bond enthalpy for a reaction?for a reaction?

VocabularyVocabulary Bond Bond AnglesAngles

VSEPR VSEPR ModelModel PolarityPolarity Hybrid Hybrid

OrbitalsOrbitalsMultiple Multiple BondsBonds

200 200 200 200 200 200

400 400 400 400 400 400

600 600 600 600 600 600

800 800 800 800 800 800

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

Vocabulary 200Vocabulary 200

What does VSEPR stand for?What does VSEPR stand for?

Valence Shell Electron Pair Valence Shell Electron Pair RepulsionRepulsion


What is a hybrid orbital?What is a hybrid orbital?

An orbital that has the properties An orbital that has the properties of more than one orbital.of more than one orbital.

Vocabulary 600Vocabulary 600What is the difference in molecular What is the difference in molecular

geometry and electron domain geometry and electron domain geometry?geometry?

Molecular geometry is the geometry solely Molecular geometry is the geometry solely based on the arrangement of atoms. based on the arrangement of atoms.

Electron domain geometry is the geometry Electron domain geometry is the geometry based on both the location of the atoms and based on both the location of the atoms and

the location of the lone electron pairs.the location of the lone electron pairs.


What are localized and delocalized What are localized and delocalized electrons?electrons?

Localized electrons can be located Localized electrons can be located because they are associated with only because they are associated with only 2 atoms. Delocalized electrons occur in 2 atoms. Delocalized electrons occur in molecules with resonance and cannot molecules with resonance and cannot

be located because they are be located because they are associated with many atoms.associated with many atoms.

Vocabulary 1000Vocabulary 1000What is a sigma bond and a pi bond?What is a sigma bond and a pi bond?

Sigma bonds are single bonds and the Sigma bonds are single bonds and the electron density is concentrated between electron density is concentrated between

the 2 nuclei.the 2 nuclei.A pi bond is located in all multiple bonds A pi bond is located in all multiple bonds

and is located above and below the central and is located above and below the central axis of the nuclei.axis of the nuclei.

Bond Angles 200Bond Angles 200

What are the bond angles in the What are the bond angles in the following molecule: BFfollowing molecule: BF33..Bond angles = 120Bond angles = 120oo

Bond Angles 400Bond Angles 400What are the bond angles in the What are the bond angles in the

following molecule: SFfollowing molecule: SF66..

Bond angles = 90Bond angles = 90oo


What are the bond angles in the What are the bond angles in the following molecule: ClOfollowing molecule: ClO44

--..

Bond angles = 109.5Bond angles = 109.5oo


What are the bond angles in the What are the bond angles in the following molecule: PClfollowing molecule: PCl55..

Bond angles = axial 90Bond angles = axial 90oo

equatorial 120equatorial 120oo

Bond Angles 1000Bond Angles 1000Explain the bond angle differences in Explain the bond angle differences in

CHCH44, H, H22O, and NHO, and NH33..The bond angles decreases as The bond angles decreases as

more lone pairs are added since more lone pairs are added since lone pairs take up more space lone pairs take up more space

than bonded electrons. than bonded electrons.

VSEPR Model 200VSEPR Model 200

What is the molecular geometry and What is the molecular geometry and electron domain geometry of the electron domain geometry of the

following molecule: XeFfollowing molecule: XeF22..

MG = linearMG = linearEDG = trigonal bipyramidalEDG = trigonal bipyramidal



following molecule: BrFfollowing molecule: BrF44..

MG = square pyramidalMG = square pyramidalEDG = octahedralEDG = octahedral

VSEPR Model 600VSEPR Model 600What is the molecular geometry and What is the molecular geometry and

electron domain geometry of the electron domain geometry of the following molecule: XeFfollowing molecule: XeF44..

MG = square planarMG = square planarEDG = octahedralEDG = octahedral



following molecule: ClFfollowing molecule: ClF33..

MG = T-shapedMG = T-shapedEDG = trigonal bipyramidal EDG = trigonal bipyramidal



following molecule: SFfollowing molecule: SF44..

MG = seesawMG = seesawEDG = trigonal bipyramidalEDG = trigonal bipyramidal

Polarity 200Polarity 200Is the following molecule polar or Is the following molecule polar or

nonpolar: SFnonpolar: SF66. (If polar, show the . (If polar, show the overall dipole moment.)overall dipole moment.)

Nonpolar – dipoles all point Nonpolar – dipoles all point towards the F’s and canceltowards the F’s and cancel


Is the following molecule polar or Is the following molecule polar or nonpolar: IF. (If polar, show the nonpolar: IF. (If polar, show the

overall dipole moment.)overall dipole moment.)

Polar – dipole points towards Polar – dipole points towards the Fthe F


Is the following molecule polar or Is the following molecule polar or nonpolar: CSnonpolar: CS22. (If polar, show the . (If polar, show the

overall dipole moment.)overall dipole moment.)Nonpolar – dipoles point Nonpolar – dipoles point

towards the S’s and canceltowards the S’s and cancel


Is the following molecule polar or Is the following molecule polar or nonpolar: IFnonpolar: IF55. (If polar, show the . (If polar, show the

overall dipole moment.)overall dipole moment.)Polar – dipoles point towards the F’sPolar – dipoles point towards the F’s

Polarity 1000Polarity 1000Is the following molecule polar or Is the following molecule polar or nonpolar: PClnonpolar: PCl33. (If polar, show the . (If polar, show the

overall dipole moment.)overall dipole moment.)Polar – dipoles point towards the Cl’sPolar – dipoles point towards the Cl’s

Hybrid Orbitals 200Hybrid Orbitals 200

What is the hybridization of the What is the hybridization of the molecule Hmolecule H22O?O?

spsp33


What is the hybridization of the What is the hybridization of the molecule COmolecule CO22??

spsp


What is the hybridization of the What is the hybridization of the molecule SOmolecule SO33??

spsp22

Hybrid Orbitals 800Hybrid Orbitals 800DrawDraw the hybridization of CH the hybridization of CH44..


DrawDraw the hybridization of BF the hybridization of BF33..

Multiple Bonds 200Multiple Bonds 200

How many sigma and pi bonds are in How many sigma and pi bonds are in NN22??

1 sigma and 2 pi bonds1 sigma and 2 pi bonds


Are the bonds in SOAre the bonds in SO33 localized or localized or delocalized?delocalized?

delocalizeddelocalized


Are the bonds in NOAre the bonds in NO22-- localized or localized or

delocalized?delocalized?

delocalizeddelocalized

Multiple Bonds 800Multiple Bonds 800Explain the sigma and pi bonds in Explain the sigma and pi bonds in

benzene.benzene.The C-H bonds are all sigma The C-H bonds are all sigma

bonds. The C-C/C=C bonds are bonds. The C-C/C=C bonds are delocalized pi and sigma bonds.delocalized pi and sigma bonds.


How many sigma and pi bonds are in How many sigma and pi bonds are in 1 – propene (C1 – propene (C33HH66))

8 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond8 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond

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AP Chemistry Chapter 8 and 9 Jeopardy