AP Biology Summer Assignment: 2020 Hello! Welcome to AP Biology! I’m excited to be your teacher next year and show you how awesome

living things can be!

These assignments can be completed online and/or while using the Cliff’s AP Biology 5th Edition study guide.

Purchasing an AP Biology study guide NOW will help you out all year, and you will want one at the end of the

year to prepare for the AP exam. It can be found for around $10 used on Amazon and it will help so much! Cliff’s

is a basic overview of the course content and good for a crash course at the end of the year prior to the exam. It is

required reading for this class: https://www.amazon.com/CliffsNotes-Biology-5th-Phillip-

Pack/dp/0544784685/ref=sr_1_2?keywords=cliff%27s+ap+biology&qid=1578498023&sr=8-2 ISBN-13: 978-0544784680 ISBN-10: 0544784685

You need to buy the Cliff’s guide, but if you can get two, consider the Pearson Test Prep Series for AP

Biology as well. A bit more expensive than the Cliff’s, but it goes with our textbook. If you can, consider

purchasing one of these….you can probably find a cheap, used copy! This book is not required for class.

https://www.amazon.com/Preparing-Biology-School-Pearson-

Education/dp/0133458148/ref=sr_1_3?keywords=Pearson+Test+Prep+Series+for+AP+Biology&qid=157

8500502&sr=8-3 ISBN-13: 978-0133458145 ISBN-10: 9780133458145

In addition, the Barron’s book is also very good as a supplement. It is in-depth and great to use throughout

the year as practice. Barron’s costs around $13 from Amazon, so if you are interested, take a look. This book is not

required for class. https://www.amazon.com/Barrons-Biology-Deborah-Goldberg-M-

S/dp/1438008686/ref=sr_1_1_sspa?keywords=cliff%27s+ap+biology&qid=1578498089&sr=8-1-

spons&psc=1&spLa=ZW5jcnlwdGVkUXVhbGlmaWVyPUFZT1VTUUtUVkRTTksmZW5jcnlwdGVkS

WQ9QTAwMjQzMTAzNUVOUjNGNUNFN0lQJmVuY3J5cHRlZEFkSWQ9QTAxOTY2ODRMR1c5

V0E3Wk1ORlQmd2lkZ2V0TmFtZT1zcF9hdGYmYWN0aW9uPWNsaWNrUmVkaXJlY3QmZG9Ob3R

Mb2dDbGljaz10cnVl ISBN-13: 978-1438008684 ISBN-10: 1438008686

Over the summer, I would like you to study some chemistry and cell biology. These two subjects are the

basis for everything we will learn this year. The websites will get you started, and your study guide or some internet

research should fill in the blanks. Please look over the Chemistry section of the Cliff’s guide (pages 11-30 of the 5th

Ed. Cliff’s AP Biology guide), but don’t worry about understanding it all right now. We will cover this in class

also.

I would also like you to review ninth/tenth grade biology, so I am including a website that reviews many

topics. Please go over it once in July, and then go through it again in mid-August. Having a background in biology

is critical for AP Bio. We are forced to go at an accelerated pace, so the more you know on the first day of school,

the better off you will be. In biology class you learned many details about ecology, so please complete the online

sections for ecology and study the animal behavior and ecosystems sections of Big Idea 4 in the Cliff’s guide

(pages 227-260 of the 5th Ed. Cliff’s guide) to prepare for a quiz in September. I think you can do this on your own

because the concepts are easier than chemistry and the cell and you are more familiar with them already.

Can’t wait to see you next year!

-Ms. Clark

A. Biochemistry and the Cell

Try to access this website, or use Cliff’s guide and online searches.

http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0070271348/student_view0/chapter1/elearning.html#

Complete Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Please read the eLearning summaries and try out the tutorials.

Please complete any of the activities that can run on your computer, paying special attention to the Key

Term Flashcards, Testing Your Knowledge, Thinking Scientifically, and Art Quizzes.

1. Complete Ch. 1 tutorials and activities. (Some may not work and that’s okay. Pay special attention to

the flashcards and eLearning summaries.) Complete the chapter quiz. Copy questions 6, 8, 18, and 19

with answers. Then, write 5 characteristics of life and 2 other main ideas from this chapter.

2. Complete Ch. 2 tutorials and activities. The number of electrons in the outer shell is important! (Some

may not work and that’s okay. Pay special attention to the flashcards and interactive summaries.)

Complete the chapter quiz. Copy questions 6, 9, 13, 15, 21, and 22 with answers. Write 3 main ideas

from this chapter.

3. Complete Ch. 3 tutorials and activities. Complete the chapter quiz. Copy questions 10, 14, and 20 with

answers. Write 4 main ideas from this chapter.

4. Complete Ch. 4 tutorials and activities. Complete the chapter quiz. Copy questions 2, 3, 10, and 25 with

answers. Write 4 main ideas from this chapter.

5. Complete Ch. 5 tutorials and activities. Complete the 2 animated tutorial quizzes. Copy questions 3, 4,

9, 10, 22, and 24 with answers. Write 5 main ideas from this chapter. Be sure to know the function of

the organelles!

B. AP Review:

We will use Kahn Academy a lot in class next year. View as many of these videos as you can,

especially the first 5: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/crash-course-biology-science You

should answer the following questions based on your own knowledge with help from the Cliff’s guide,

these videos, Chapter 2 from the Life link above, and your own internet searches if necessary.

1. Distinguish between the main types of chemical bonds: covalent, ionic, and hydrogen bonds. Also

describe van der Waals forces.

2. Water is polar. What does this mean?

3. Because water is polar it can form hydrogen bonds between water molecules. This gives water special

properties. What are they?

4. Alcohols have hydroxyl groups (-OH), organic acids have ___________________ groups. Amino acids

have nitrogen in a(n) _______________ group, but since they are acids, they also have a

_________________ group. The building block of DNA is nucleotides, which include a 5- sugar called

_______________________, a nitrogenous base, and a _______________________ group.

5. What purpose do carbohydrates serve in living organisms? (http://www.wisc-

online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13104 may be helpful to watch in addition to the Kahn

Academy videos.)

6. Give an example of a monosaccharide.

7. An example of a disaccharide is __________________________, which is formed during a

_____________________ synthesis reaction.

8. Name the 4 main types of polysaccharides and a function of each.

1.

2.

3.

4.

9. Identify the 4 main types of lipids and their main roles in the living organisms.

(http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13204 may also help.)

1.

2.

3.

4.

10. The building blocks, or monomers, of proteins are __________________________, which are joined

together with __________________ bonds during ____________________ synthesis.

(http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13304 has extra info on proteins.)

11. Summarize the structure of proteins. 1.

2.

3.

4.

12. Clearly define an enzyme.

13. List factors that affect enzyme function.

14. Draw a graph (not on the website; You have to figure it out yourself) to illustrate the effect of pH on

enzyme activity. Label the x and y axes, label IV and DV. Include a title.

15. Some poisons are irreversible inhibitors of enzymes involved in cellular respiration. The cell routinely

uses reversible inhibition to control the amount of product produced. Reread the description of inhibitors,

and explain allosteric (“other shape”) inhibitors.

C. Ecology

Go to http://www.biology-pages.info/T/TOC.html Scroll down and find Ecology. Choose Food

webs and food chains, Freshwater ecosystems, Marine ecosystems, Net productivity, Nitrogen cycle,

Population Biology, and Symbiosis. Use this website, Chapter 56 of the online text below, and other

online sources to answer the following questions and prepare for an essay question (FRQ) on food webs

and succession. (Optional: You could return to https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/crash-

course-biology-science and scroll down to the section on Ecology and use those videos to find answers/

review.)

Go to http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0070271348/student_view0/chapter41/elearning.html

Complete Chapters 41 through 45. (You can change chapters on the upper left.) Read the interactive

summaries then complete the tutorials and complete any of the activities that can run on your computer,

paying special attention to the Key Term Flashcards, Testing Your Knowledge, Thinking Scientifically,

and Art Quizzes. Complete the chapter quizzes and write down 6 key terms with definitions and 3 main

ideas for each chapter. Even if you can’t access these activities, use your Cliff’s book and online searches

to answer the following:

1. State the 3 types of symbiosis, define, and give an example of each.

2. Explain succession and distinguish between primary and secondary succession.

3. Explain the carbon cycle.

4. Explain the role of bacteria in the Nitrogen cycle. Be sure to distinguish between the different

processes that different bacteria do.

5. Please study animal behavior. Read Chapter 15 of the Cliff’s study guide, then use these online

resources:

http://www.biology-pages.info/I/InnateBehavior.html

http://www.biology-pages.info/L/LearnedBehavior.html

http://www.biology-pages.info/T/Taxes.html

Distinguish between kinesis and taxis.

6. Complete this table:

BEHAVIOR DEFINITION EXAMPLE

instinct

fixed action

pattern

imprinting

associative learning

(classical conditioning)

trial and error learning (operant

conditioning)

habituation

observational

learning

insight

spatial learning

D. Interpreting Ecological Data

1. Graph 1: Rabbits Over Time

a. The graph shows a __________

growth curve.

b. The carrying capacity for rabbits is

______

c. During which month were the

rabbits in exponential growth?

2. Graph 2: Average Toe Length

a. In 1800, about how many people

surveyed had a 3 cm toe? _______

How many in 2000? _______

b. The data shows the ____________

selection has occurred?

c. In 2000, what is the average toe

length? ______ What is the average

toe length in 1800? _______

3. Graph 3: Mexico and US

a. In Mexico, what percentage of the

population is between 0-4 years of

age? _______ In the US? ______

b. Which population is growing the

fastest? ________

c. Which age group has the smallest

number in both countries? _____

4. Chart 4: Trapping Geese

In order to estimate the population of geese in Northern

Wisconsin, ecologists marked 10 geese and then released

them back into the population. Over a 6 year period, geese

were trapped and their numbers recorded.

a. Use the formula to calculate the estimated number of

geese in the area studied? _____________

b. This technique is called ____________ &

______________

c. Suppose more of the geese found in the trap had

the mark. Would the estimated number of geese in

the area be greater or lesser? _____

Year Geese

Trapped

Number

with Mark

1980 10 1

1981 15 1

1982 12 1

1983 8 0

1984 5 2

1985 10 1

5. Chart 5: Mushroom Plots

Another ecologist uses a different method to estimate the

number of mushrooms in a forest. She plots a 10x10 area

and randomly chooses 5 spots, where she counts the number

of mushrooms in the plots and records them on the grid.

a. Calculate the number of mushrooms in the forest

based on the grid data: _________________

b. This technique is called _______________

6. Chart 6: Snakes & Mice

The data shows populations of snake and mice found in an

experimental field.

a. During which year was the mouse population at zero

population growth? ______

b. What is the carrying capacity for snakes? ______

c. What is the carrying capacity for mice? _____

d. What is the rate of growth (r) for mice during 1970? _____

During 1980? ______

Year Snakes Mice born Mice

died

1960 2 1000 200

1970 10 800 300

1980 30 400 500

1990 15 600 550

2000 14 620 600

2001 15 640 580

E. Population Growth: UMD Online Housefly Activity

Go to http://mathbench.umd.edu/modules/popn-dynamics_housefly/page01.htm.

1. After 28 days, how many descendants would Ms. Domestica the housefly have? Show your work.

Keep following the tutorial. When it gets to page 6, You Write the Equation, actually try before going to

the next page. You will have to:

a. Write an equation for this process.

b. Write the initial condition.

c. Iterate the equation for 12 months (use a calculator!)

d. Graph the population dynamics.

2. Let me see what you come up with BEFORE moving on to the next page! You should be able to

fill in this chart:

month #flies

1 3

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

3. Page 7: What does the population graph look like if r= 1? What is going on?

4. What does the population graph look like if r= 2? Why the big difference?

5. Page 9: What were the assumptions made for the exponential growth model?

6. Page 10: Under exponential-growth-with-mortality, the population grows more slowly, but

ultimately the result is the same. The result is:

7. Page 11: Write down the equation for exponential population growth (with mortality) reached at

the end of this page:

8. Page 12: Answer before going on! Jot down 3 possible reasons that not every fly will reproduce at

the same rate.

9. Page 15 (Memory jog: K for Kangaroos. R for roaches. Some organisms are K selected and

exhibit nice steady growth and then maintain at the carrying capacity, while others are more

involved in an initially high rate of reproduction (r-selected species)that take advantage of a good

situation while it lasts…they may crash later.)

If there are 12 AP Bio students, but my room has 27 seats, what percentage of slots are available?

________ (Let’s hope lots of people sign up for AP Bio next year. If N gets too low, the course can

crash!)

10. Page 16: What is the major claim of logistic growth?

11. How would you describe the population growth in a large mammalian species like elephants?

12. How would you describe the population growth in a small mammalian species like mice or voles?

13. Are the moths more likely k-selected or r-selected?

Continue with the tutorial, and hopefully you will get the idea. We do not need to worry about

understanding the mathematics of disturbances, but you should be able to interpret a graph that

demonstrates a disturbance, so finish the tutorial, please.

We may use other tutorials from UMD’s MathBench. http://mathbench.umd.edu/index.html

If you have time, check out some under cellular processes.

http://mathbench.umd.edu/homepage/cell_processes.htm

Or explore population growth more at http://mathbench.umd.edu/modules/popn-dynamics_exponential-

growth/page01.htm

F. The Scientific Method

Please go through the entire module at http://mathbench.umd.edu/modules/prob-stat_normal-

distribution/page01.htm, but do not worry about page 8. Complete the other activities, and record the

answers to all of the questions that you are asked.

P.1: read

1. P-2: Record the GOOD Procedure here:

2. p-3: Why have a large sample size, or replicates in an experiment?

3. P-4: We will practice actually calculating the means and Standard Deviation, but for now, explain what

each means.

4. P-5: a. Set the mean at 50 cm (or whatever size units). Now increase the SD. What happens?

b. Set the mean at 50 cm. Now decrease the SD. What happens?

c. Which model population, A or B, has a more diverse population?

5. P-6: Answer the questions on that page here:

6. P-7:

a) What percentage of fish fall between 25 and 28 cm?

b) What percentage of fish fall between 22 and 28 cm?

c) What percentage of fish are longer than 28 cm?

d) What percentage of fish are between 28 and 31 cm?

7. Read p.8. P-9: Summarize an ideal normal distribution:

8. What suggestions does this website have for comparing 2 data sets?

Totally Optional: Try some of these review activities to brush up on basic Biology before the start of the

year: http://www.sciencegeek.net/Biology/review/directory.shtml