Upload
sukanta-parida
View
216
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Anti-Defection Law _ Erewise
Citation preview
12/27/2014 AntiDefectionlaw|Erewise
data:text/htmlcharset=utf8,%3Ch1%20itemprop%3D%22name%22%20style%3D%22outline%3A%200px%3B%20margin%3A%200px%200px%2010px 1/3
13
AntiDefectionlaw20Jan2014 Comments(0)
IntroductionDefectionsimplybydictionarymeaningmeanswithdrawingsupportorhelpdespiteallegianceorresponsibility.Inrelationtopolitics,defectionmeanswithdrawingonesloyaltytowardshisownpoliticalparty&acceptingotherpartysmembership.Defectionwasverycommonin1980sand1990sandhencetheAntiDefectionlawwasenactedin1985soastomaintainthepoliticalstability.WhatisAntiDefectionLaw?
AntiDefectionisthelawbywhichthepersonswhododefectionarepunishedaccordingtotherulesofthelaw.ApersonsofounddoingdefectionisdisqualifiedtobeamemberofParliamentorstatelegislature(asthecasemaybe).
SomepointstorememberaboutAntiDefectionLawAntiDefectionLawcreatedby52ndAmendmentAct,1985.Itchangedfourarticlesintheconstitution&addedtenthscheduletotheconstitution.By91stAmendmentAct,2003,aprovisionwasomittedinthelaw.Itomittedanexceptionprovisioni.e.disqualificationongroundofdefectionnottoapplyincaseofsplit.
NoteontheAntiDefectionLawUnderthetenthschedulefollowingprovisionaregivenforthedisqualificationofmembersofparliamentandstatelegislatureonthegroundofdefection:
12/27/2014 AntiDefectionlaw|Erewise
data:text/htmlcharset=utf8,%3Ch1%20itemprop%3D%22name%22%20style%3D%22outline%3A%200px%3B%20margin%3A%200px%200px%2010px 2/3
1.PowerofthePresidingofficerThepresidingofficercanmakerulestogiveeffecttotheprovisionofthetenthschedule,allsuchrulesmustbeplacedinhousebeforethe30days.Themembersofhousemayapproveormodifyordisapproveit.Thepresidingofficercanresorttodefectiononlyifanymemberofhousegivesacomplaintagainstit(bynewSupremeCourtDecisionAnypersonwhoisnoteventhememberofthehousecancomplainttothePresidingofficeraboutthedefection).Presidingofficerhastogiveachancetotheaccusedpersontoputhissideinfrontofthehousebeforetakingthefinaldecision.
2.Disqualification:A.ForaPoliticalpartymemberApersonisdisqualifiedofbeingamemberofthehouseif
Thatmembervotesordoesntgivevotewhichiscontrarytohispoliticalpartysdecision.Priorpermissionofthepartyisneededinsuchacase.Thatmembergivesuphismembershipofthepoliticalpartyonhisowni.e.byselfdecision.
Inshort,amemberofapoliticalpartyhastoobeyallthedirectionsgivenbytheparty.B.ForanindependentmemberAnindependentmemberisdisqualifiedtobeamemberofthehouseifhejoinsanypoliticalpartyaftertheelections.Thisprovisionhasbeenputbecauseanindependentmemberwinselectiononhisown¬becauseofanypoliticalparty.Joiningapartyamountstocorruption&thatiswhysuchaprovisionhasbeenput.C.ForanominatedmemberNominatedmembersofthehouseareallowedtojoinanypoliticalpartywhichtheywishfor.Buttheyhavetodothisinadefinitetimeframe.Theyneedtojoinapoliticalparty(iftheywish)withinaperiodofsixmonthsfromthedateofjoiningofanyofthehouse.Iftheyjoinanypoliticalpartyaftersixmonthsfromthedateofjoiningthehouse,theyaredisqualifiedtobeamemberofthathouse.3.SomeExceptionstothelawDisqualificationbecauseofdefectiondoesnotapplyinthefollowingtwocases:
Ifanymemberofthehouseresignsfromhispoliticalpartybecauseofthereasonthathispoliticalpartyhasgotmergedwithsomeanotherpoliticalparty.(Mergertakesplaceiftwothirdmembersofthepoliticalpartyinquestionarereadyforsuchamerger)Ifanymemberofhouseresignsfromhispoliticalpartybecauseofthereasonthatsuchamemberhasbeenelectedasthepresidingofficerofthathouse.(PresidingofficerofLokSabhaSpeaker,DeputySpeaker.PresidingofficerofRajyaSabhaViceChairman.ChairmanisnotincludedinthiscaseasheistheVicePresidentofIndia.)
4.DecisionmakingauthorityAllthedecisionsinregardtodefectionunderthetenthscheduleisdecidedbythepresidingofficerofthehouse(IncaseofLokSabhaSpeaker/DeputySpeaker.IncaseofRajyaSabhaChairman/ViceChairman)Initiallythedecisionofthepresidingofficerwasconsideredasfinal&wasnotallowedtobequestionedinthecourtoflaw.ButSupremeCourtinKihotoHollohanCase(1993)ruledthatthewayinwhichthepresidingofficerfunctionundertenthscheduleislikeatribunal.Hence,unlikeallothertribunals,thedecisionofthepresidingofficerissubjecttoreview.Inshort,SupremeCourtdeclaredtheprovisionofpresidingofficers
12/27/2014 AntiDefectionlaw|Erewise
data:text/htmlcharset=utf8,%3Ch1%20itemprop%3D%22name%22%20style%3D%22outline%3A%200px%3B%20margin%3A%200px%200px%2010px 3/3
decisionasfinalasconstitutionallyinvalid&asittakesawaythepowerofSupremeCourt&HighCourt.
USESOFTHEACTdiscourageandpreventpoliticaldefections.Itstabilizesthepoliticalparties.ItsmainintensionistostrengthentheIndianparliamentarydemocracybycurbingunprincipledandunethicalpoliticaldefection.
ADVANTAGESItreducesthepoliticalcorruption.Itgivesthegreaterstabilityinpoliticalbodiesbyavoidingthemovingfromonepoliticalpartytoanother.Itgivesconstitutionalrecognitiontotheexistencesofpoliticalparties.
CRITICISMVestingallthedecisionmakingpoweronsuchanimportantmatterofi.e.defectioninthepresidingofficeriscriticizedontwogrounds:1.Presidingofficermaynotactinanimpartialmannerashealsobelongstooneortheotherparty.2.Presidingofficerlacksthelegalknowledgeandexperiencetogivedecisionsonsuchcases.
DefectionVs.Dissent:Nodifferencehasbeenputaboutthesetwoterms.Dissentmeansusingoneownsopinionincaseofvotingonsometopicinthehouse.AccordingtoAntiDefectionlaw,amemberhastofollowhispartysdecision&hecantusehisownopinionwhilecastingavote.Inshort,thislawmakesthepoliticalpartytheboss&hencethehighcommandcultureflourishes.NominatedVs.Independent:Thislawisbiasedagainstnominated&independentmembersofthehouse.Anynominatedmemberisallowedtojoinanypoliticalpartywhileanindependentmemberisnotallowedtojoinanypoliticalparty.IndividualVs.GroupDefection:Thislawworksonlyinthecaseofindividualdefection.Ifagroupinanypoliticalpartydefects,thenthislawcantbeappliedinthatcase.Thislawdoesnotprovideforexpulsionofalegislatorfromhispartyforhisactivitiesoutsidethelegislature.
Amendment91stAmendmentActof2003broughtaboutsomechangeswhichhelpedtolimitthesizeoftheCouncilofMinisters,sothatdefectors(personsfoundunderdefection)cantholdanypublicoffice.
ForCenter:Thetotalnumberofministers,includingthePrimeMinister,intheCentralCouncilofMinistersshallnotexceed15%ofthetotalstrengthoftheLokSabha.ForState:TheTotalnumberofministers,includingtheChiefMinister,intheCouncilofMinistersinastateshallnotexceed15%ofthetotalstrengthoftheLegislativeAssemblyofthestate.Butthenumberofministers,includingtheChiefMinister,inastateshallnotbelessthan12.Adefectorcantbeappointedasaminister.(itappliesinthecaseofcentralaswellasstatelegislature.Adefector(incentralorstatelegislature)cantholdanyremunerativepoliticalpost.Theprovisionofthetenthschedule(antidefectionlaw)pertainingtoexemptionfromdisqualificationincaseofsplitbyonethirdmembersofthelegislaturepartyhasbeendeleted.Itmeansthatthedefectorshavenomoreprotectionongroundsofsplits.