What is Anthropology?

Zungu L. D. Lindsey, Phaedra, Fiona,

Kaleigh, Aki MARXIST Mr. Max Teody T. Quimilat

Interests in Anthropology

Interested in discoveringWhen, where and why humans appeared on earthHow and why they have changed since then.How and why modern human populations vary in certain physical features.

How and why societies in the past and present have varied customary ideas and practices.

The Scope of Anthropology

Who are the anthropologists?

Stereotyped

Why broad?

Concerned with all varieties of people throughout the worldConcerned in people of all periods

What belief motivates anthropology?

Any suggested generalization about human beings, any

possible explanation of

some characteristic of human culture or biology, should be shown to apply at

all times and places of human existence.

ANTHROPOLOGICAL EVIDENCES

The truth is;

IN MANY PARTS OF THE WORLDS WHERE MILKING ANIMALS ARE KEPT, PEOPLE DO NOT DRINK FRESH MILK INSTEAD THEY SOUR IT OR MAKE IT INTO CHEESE BECAUSE IT COULD CAUSE INDIGESTION.

History of the areaPhysical environmentOrganization of family lifeGeneral features of their languageSettlement patternsPolitical economic systems, religion, styles of art and dress

Anthropological Curiosity

It is all inclusive human scienceCurious about the typical characteristics of human populationsOn how and why such populations and their characteristicsHave varied through the ages.

Fields of Anthropology

Anthropology

Biological

CulturalArchaeologyLinguisticsEthnology

Biological anthropologySeeks to answer two distinct set of questions

1. About the emergence of humans and their l later evolution.

2. About how and why Contemporary human Populations vary biologicallyHuman paleontology, paleoanthropologyHuman variation

In order to reconstruct evolution, paleontologists search for fossils- hardened remains or impressions.

Cultural anthropologyInterested in how populations or societies vary in

Their cultural features.

Branches

Archaeology study of past culture, primarily through their material remains

Ethnology study of existing and recent cultures

Linguistics anthropological study of language

Applied Anthropology

Very useful for practicality

Today half of all professional anthropological are applied practicing anthropologist

Karl Marx (1818-1883)Born 1818 in Trier

Jewish parentageStudied philosophy and economics in BerlinMarried Jenny von WestphalenEarned his living (badly) as a journalistDied 1883 in London having only written 3 of the planned 8 volumes of Das Kapital

Friedrich Engles (1820-1895)

Born in 1820 in Barmen, PrussiaSon of a wealthy cotton manufacturerHad a strained relationship with his parents due to his atheismBecame editor of New Rhenish Newspaper: Organ of Democracy along with MarxDied in 1895 in London.

Mid-Late 19th Century Europe

Classical Marxism: Key Points

a. Dialectical and Materialist Perspectiveb. Distinct Phases of Human Societiesc. Base (Infrastructure)

1. Forces of Production2. Relations of Production

d. Superstructure

Distinct Phase of Human Society

Primitive Commun

ismSlavery Feudalis

m

Capitalism

Socialism

Communism

Base

Forces of Production

MeansOrganizati

on of Production

Social Relations

of Productio

nHuman

Relations

1. Description2.Aims, Knowledge and Skills3.Teaching Method4.Assessment System5.Contents6.Basic Bibliography

Teaching Program

Post-Modernity has eroded the traditional and ideological frameworks of meaning, which have allowed us to experience our personal desires and social structures as one thing.William Wallace (Braveheart): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lEOOZDbMrgE

Description

1. To make an in-depth inquiry into the human being and his humanhood.

2. To learn how the human image and concept has varied in Western Culture.

3. To acknowledge diverse anthropological conceptions: traditional, modern, and post-modern.

4. To explore the impact of media and new technologies on us, our skills, our literacies, and our way of thinking about and imagining ourselves.

5. To study the theory of social imaginaries and to find out how it can clarify our relationship with media and new technologies.

Aims, Knowledge, and Skills

• Charles Taylor (1989): Sources of the Self. The Making of the Modern Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Raymond Martin and John Barresi (2006): The Rise and Fall of Soul and Self. New York: Columbia University Press.

• Nicholas Carr (2010): The Shallows. What the internet is doing to our brains. New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company.

Core Bibliography

- Linguistic Anthropology is the study of how language effects social life.-It also Studies communication in the context of human social and cultural diversity, past and present.

What is Linguistic Anthropology?

- Anthropologists in the Linguistic field study modern communication methods, or a lost language from a long ago group of people.

- They also work with people trying to preserve their language for extinction.

What do Linguistic Anthropologists do?

- Work for museums as researchers or consultants.- They may teach English overseas.- Work for the government at historic sites or

trusts, as translators for different agencies, or with refugee or migration groups.

Possible Careers

USAYou always refer to your elders as Mam, or Sir. You must be respectful. It is polite to assist them with their tasks. Be respectful at all times, when riding in the car it is polite to let the elder sit in the front seat. BritishThe traditions of the British are very similar to that of the USA, although there are slight differences. You might offer to make your elder tea or a hot drink. The formality of speaking to your elders is not as respectful

How To Speak to your elders

America-The middle finger to someone’s face is widely known as an aggressive gesture but it is mostly used in America to signal the “F” word.South America-The middle finger is considered aggressive and surprisingly is also the “OK” sign. It is also used as a substitute for the middle finger.Europe-In England, the middle finger is barely used. Instead, they use the gesture of putting up your middle and index finger, nails facing the other person, blowing your cheeks out with your tongue out. Asia (Philippines, Korea, Japan)-In Japan, The gesture “Talk to the Hand” is used to show great disrespect. The motion consists of putting your hand (palm towards them) to their face and turn their head.

What is considered aggressive

America-It is not considered rude in America to prolong eye contact when showing you are listening to someone.-It is considered a sign of confidence when you stand with your hands on your hips in public.-It is rude to pick your nose in public.South Africa-It is rude to prolong eye contact and to pick your nose in public.-It is rude to stand very close to a stranger in public, put your hands in your pockets for a long time in public and also to cross our arms in public is a sign of arrogance. AsiaNose picking is very ugly to watch in Western Countries, though in Asia, especially China, it is perfectly acceptable to pick your nose in public.Prolonged eye contact is considered rude mostly everywhere in Asia.

What is and is not considered rude

REFFERENCES

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