Deflection Analysis of a Truss

Problem: Consider the balcony truss as shown below with dimensions. It is required to

determine the deflection of each joint under the loading. All members are made from

Douglasfire wood with a modulus of elasticity of E = 1.9x106 lb/in2 and a cross-sectional area of

8 in2. It is also required to calculate the average stresses in each member. Solve the problem

using ANSYS.

Solution:

1. Starting: Click → start → ANSYS → ANSYS product launcher: Launch – ANSYS Multiphysics File management → browse the directory for saving and retrieving the files. Click → run

2. Preferences → tick → structural → ok

3. Title: Utility menu → File → Change title → “Balcony Truss” → ok. Utility menu → plot → replot 4. Element:

Main menu → Preprocessor → element type → add → add → structural → Link → 2D spar 1 (LINK1)→ ok

5. Real Constant: Main menu → Preprocessor → real constant → add → ok → enter the c/s area 8

6. Material Properties : Main menu → Preprocessor → material prop → material models → structural → linear → elastic → isotropic → enter EX = 1.9e+05 & NUXY = 0.3 → ok

7. Modeling:

(a) Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → nodes → in active CS. (b) Enter→ node number as 1 and its location (x,y,z values) → apply & continue for other

nodes → ok N1 → 0,0 ; N2 → 36,0 ; N3 → 0,36 ; N4 → 36,36; N5 → 72,36

Note: ensure that no duplicate of node numbers are entered (c) Utility menu → plot ctrls→ numbering → node numbers → ok Utility menu → plot → nodes (d) Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → elements → auto numbered →

through nodes → select by cursor node 1& 2 → apply → select node 2 & 3 → apply → select node 3 & 4 → apply → select node 2 & 4 → apply → select node 2 & 5 → apply → select node 4 & 5 → ok.

(e) Utility menu → plotctrls→ numbering → element numbers → ok Utility menu → plot → elements

8. Boundary Conditions and Loads :

(a) Main menu → solution → define loads → apply → structural → displacement → on nodes → select by mouse node 1 & 3 → select all DOF → ok

(b) Main menu → solution → define loads → apply → structural → force/moment → on nodes → select by mouse node 3 & 4 → apply → enter FY = -500 → ok

9. Solution:

Main menu → Solution → solve → current LS 10. Post Processing :

Gen. post processor → plot results → deformed shapes → deformed + undeformed → ok

Gen. post processor → list results → nodal solution → DOF solution + displacement vector sum → ok

Gen. post processor → element table → define table → add → enter ETABLE as axforce → select by sequ/num → select SMISC and enter 1 → apply enter ETABLE as axstress → select by sequ/num → select LS and enter 1 → apply

Main menu → Gen. post processor → element table → plot elem table → select axsress → ok ( for plotting the axial stress in the members)

Main menu → Gen. post processor → element table → plot elem table → select axforce → ok ( for plotting the axial force in the members)

Main menu → Gen. post processor → element table → list elem table → select axsress, axstress → ok ( for listing the axial stress & force in the members)

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Thermal Static Analysis of Composite Wall

Problem: A wall of an industrial oven consists of three different materials as shown in Figure

below. The first layer is composed of 5 cm of insulating cement with a clay binder that has a

thermal conductivity of 0.08 W/mK. The second layer is made from 15 cm of 6-ply asbestos

board with a thermal conductivity of 0.074 W/mK. The exterior wall consists of 10 cm common

brick with a thermal conductivity of 0.72 W/mK. The inside wall temperature of the oven is

200°C and the outside air is at 30°C with a convection coefficient of 40 W/m2K. Determine the

temperature distribution along the composite wall. Solve the problem using ANSYS.

Solution:

1. Starting: Click → start → ANSYS → ANSYS product launcher: Launch – ANSYS Multiphysics File management → browse the directory for saving and retrieving the files. Click → run

2. Preferences → tick → thermal → ok

3. Title: Utility menu → File → Change title → “Composite Wall” → ok. 4. Utility menu → plot → replot 5. Elements:

Main menu → Preprocessor → element type → add → add → thermal → 2D thermal conduction 32 (LINK32) → apply → convection 34 (LINK34) → ok

6. Real Constants:

Main menu → Preprocessor → real constant → add → add → select “type 1” → ok → enter the c/s area 1 → ok → add → select “type 2” → enter c/s area for convection as 1 → ok → close

7. Material Properties :

Main menu → Preprocessor → material properties → material models → material model 1 → thermal → conductivity → isotropic → enter KXX1 = 0.08 → ok Material → new model → material ID 2 → material model 2 → thermal → conductivity → isotropic → enter KXX2 = 0.074 → ok Material → new model → material ID 3 → material model 3 → thermal → conductivity → isotropic → enter KXX3 = 0.72 → ok Material → new model → material ID 4 → material model 4 → thermal → convection → enter HF = 40 → ok

8. Modeling:

Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → nodes → in active CS → enter node number as 1 and its location (x,y,z values) → apply & continue for other nodes → ok N1 → 0,0 ; N2 → 0.05,0 ; N3 → 0.2,0 ; N4 → 0.3,0; N5 → 0.3,0 Note: ensure that no duplicate of node numbers are entered

Utility menu → plot ctrls→ numbering → tick node numbers → ok. Utility menu → plot → nodes Main menu → Preprocessor → meshing → mesh attributes → default attributes → select element 1 ; material 1 ; real const 1 → ok

Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → elements → auto numbered → through nodes → select by cursor node 1 & 2 → ok

Main menu → Preprocessor → meshing → mesh attributes → default attributes → select element 1 ; material 2 ; real const 1 → ok

Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → elements → auto numbered → through nodes → select by cursor node 2 & 3 → ok Main menu → Preprocessor → meshing → mesh attributes → default attributes → select element 1 ; material 3 ; real const 1 → ok Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → elements → auto numbered → through nodes → select by cursor node 3 & 4 → ok

Main menu → Preprocessor → meshing → mesh attributes → default attributes → select element 2 ; material 4 ; real const 2 → ok

Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → elements → auto numbered → through nodes → select by cursor node 4 & 5 → ok. Utility menu → plotctrls→ numbering → element numbers → ok. Utility menu → plot → elements

9. Boundary Conditions :

Main menu → solution → define loads → apply → thermal → temperature → on nodes → select by mouse node 1 → select temp → enter VALUE = 200 → ok Main menu → solution → define loads → apply → thermal → temperature → on nodes → select by mouse node 5 → select temp → enter VALUE = 30 → ok

10. Solution: Main menu → Solution → solve → current LS. 11. Post Processing :

Gen. post processor → plot results → nodal solu → DOF solu → temperature → ok (to plot temperature distribution) Gen. post processor → list results → nodal solu → DOF solu → temperature → ok (to list temperature distribution)

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Analysis of a Stepped Bar

Problem: The structure consists of two bars. An axial load P = 15kN is loaded as shown in the

Figure below. Take E = 20 x 106 N/cm2. Let us determining the following using ANSYS.

(i) Nodal displacement

(ii) Stress in each bar

(iii) Reaction force

Solution:

1. Starting: Click → start → ANSYS → ANSYS product launcher: Launch – ANSYS Multiphysics File management → browse the directory for saving and retrieving the files. Click → run

2. Preferences → tick → structural → ok

3. Title: Utility menu → File → Change title → “Stepped Bar” → ok. Utility menu → plot → replot 4. Element:

Main menu → Preprocessor → element type → add → add → structural → Link → 2D spar 1 (LINK1)→ ok

Main menu → Preprocessor → element type → add → add → structural → Link → 2D spar 1 (LINK2)→ ok

5. Real Constant: Main menu → Preprocessor → real constant → (LINK1) → ok → enter the c/s area 10 → ok

Main menu → Preprocessor → real constant → (LINK2) → ok → enter the c/s area 6 → ok

Click on → Close

6. Material Properties : Main menu → Preprocessor → material prop → material models → structural → linear → elastic → isotropic → enter EX = 20e+05 → ok

7. Modeling:

(a) Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → nodes → in active CS. (b) Enter→ node number as 1 and its location (x,y,z values) → apply & continue for other

nodes → ok N1 → 0,0 ; N2 → 50,0 ; N3 → 125,0 Note: ensure that no duplicate of node numbers are entered

(c) Utility menu → plot ctrls→ numbering → tick ON node numbers → ok Utility menu → plot → nodes

(d) Main menu → Preprocessor → meshing → mesh attributes → default attributes → select element 1 ; material 1 ; real const 1 → ok

(e) Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → elements → auto numbered → through nodes → select by cursor node 1 & 2 → ok.

(f) Main menu → Preprocessor → meshing → mesh attributes → default attributes → select element 2 ; material 1 ; real const 2 → ok

(g) (h) Main menu → Preprocessor → Modeling → create → elements → auto numbered →

through nodes → select node 2 & 3 → ok.

(i) Utility menu → plotctrls→ numbering → element numbers → ok Utility menu → plot → elements

8. Boundary Conditions and Loads :

(a) Main menu → solution → define loads → apply → structural → displacement → on nodes → select by mouse node 1 & 3 → select all DOF → 0 → ok

(b) Main menu → solution → define loads → apply → structural → force/moment → on nodes → select by mouse node 2 → apply → enter FX = 15000 → ok

9. Solution:

Main menu → Solution → solve → current LS 10. Post Processing :

Main menu → Gen. post processor → list results → Nodal solution → select list nodal solution → DOF solution ok → Displacement vector sum → ok

PRNSOL Command → note UX displacements for nodes 1, 2 & 3 respectively

Main menu → Gen. post processor → element table → define table → Add

Define Additional Element Table Item dialog box → enter “Stress” for user label for item.

In the scroll box on the left → click By Sequence Num → highlight LS → enter 1 after LS, in the box below the right scroll box. → ok

Main menu → Gen. post processor → element table → list element table → highlight stress → ok

Main menu → Gen. post processor → list results → reaction solution→ all items → ok

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