ANIXTER Guide to Cabling Standards

A REFERENCE GUIDE TO:

ISO/IEC 11801 : ISS2

ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B

ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A

ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A

THE ANIXTER STANDARDS

REFERENCE GUIDEDecember 2002

6ANIXTER: THE CABLING SYSTEMS EXPERTS 6

SCOPE OF THIS HANDBOOK 6

72ND EDITION 7

CABLING FOR CUSTOMER PREMISES 7Cabling Subsystems 7Campus Backbone Cabling Subsystem 7Building Backbone Cabling Subsystem 8Horizontal Cabling Subsystem 8Distributors 9Telecommunications Outlet (TO) 10Single-User TO Assembly 10Multi-User TO Assembly 10Consolidation Point 10Floor Distributor (FD) & Building Distributor (BD) 11Performance of Balanced Cabling 11Layout 12Insertion Loss/Attenuation 13Classification of Balanced Cabling 15Balanced Cabling Performance 15Optical Fibre Cables 15Multimode Optical Fibre Cables 16Singlemode Optical Fibre Cables 17Connecting Hardware 17Telecommunications Outlet Requirements 18Optical Fibre Hardware 19Screening Practices 19Test Procedures 19

ISO/IEC 11801

INTRODUCTION

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21PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD 21

The Standard Specifies 21

22GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 22

SIX SUBSYSTEMS OF A STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM 221. Building Entrance 222. Equipment Room 223. Backbone Cabling 234. Telecommunications Room 255. Horizontal Cabling 25

Multi-user Telecommunications Outlet Assembly 26Consolidation Point 27Centralised Optical Fibre Cabling 28

6. Work Area 29Work Area Components 29Telecommunications Outlet 29

CHANNEL AND PERMANENT LINK 31Definitions of Electrical Parameters 32

37BALANCED TWISTED-PAIR CABLING COMPONENTS 37

100 OHM UNSHIELDED TWISTED-PAIR CABLING SYSTEMS 37Horizontal Cable 37

Category 3 37Category 5e 37Category 6 37

Bundled & Hybrid Cable 40UTP Connecting Hardware 40UTP Patch Cords 42

ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.2


ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B

2

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Plenum/Ceiling 62Conduit 62Cable Trays 62Perimeter Pathways 63

CONSOLIDATION POINTS & MUTOA’S 64ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE 65FIRESTOPS 66

68PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD 68ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM 69CLASSES OF ADMINISTRATION 70

CLASS 1 70Infrastructure Identifiers 70Required Records 71




COLOUR CODING IDENTIFICATION 75Termination Fields 75

78LOOK BEYOND THE STANDARDS 78

REFERENCE DOCUMENTS FOR FURTHER INFO 78OBTANING ISO, TIA & EIA DOCUMENTS 79CONTACT ANIXTER 80

FURTHER INFORMATION

ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A

4

45OPTICAL FIBRE CABLING COMPONENTS 45

Optical Fibre Connector 46Optical Fibre Telecommunications Outlet 46Patch Cords 47

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GUIDE TO DIFFERENCES IN STANDARDS 48CATEGORY 6 TO CLASS E COMPARISON 48

54PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD 54DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 55

SERVICE ENTRANCE PATHWAYS 55ENTRANCE FACILITIES 56EQUIPMENT ROOM 57

Location 58Perimeters 58Limited Access 58Other 58HVAC 58Lighting 58Electrical 59Dust 59

INTRABUILDING BACKBONE PATHWAYS 59Backbone & Horizontal Pathways 60

TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM 60HORIZONTAL PATHWAYS 61

Multichannel Raceway 62Cellular Floor 62Trenchduct 62Access Floor/Raised Floor 62

ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A


ISO/TIA COMPARISON

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2ND EDITION

CABLING FOR CUSTOMER PREMISES

The following sections are extracts from the ISO/IEC 118012002 2nd Edition, Cabling for Customer Premises, theinformation contained has been taken from the finalstandards document.

EN 50173 follows the same path as 11801 and theinformation is the same as this document.

Cabling SubsystemsThere are three generic cabling subsystems: campusbackbone, building backbone and horizontal cabling. These subsystems are connected together to form a generic cabling structure as shown.

Campus Backbone Cabling SubsystemThe campus subsystem extended from the campus distributor(CD) to the building distributor (BD) is usually located inseparate buildings. When installed this includes:• Campus cables.• Jumpers and patch cords.• Connecting hardware at both ends to terminate the

campus cable.

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ISO/IEC 11801INTRODUCTION

ANIXTER: THE CABLING SYSTEMS EXPERTS

Look to Anixter when you need any type of communicationinfrastructure. Whether you’re looking for data, voice orvideo networks, wired or wireless, in an office, campus orfactory, Anixter is the company to turn to. We are the onedistributor with both the technical understanding to help youdetermine the right products for your application and theunparalleled global distribution capabilities to get you thatproduct, when and where you need it.

In an effort to continually support you, we have pulledtogether some valuable information from ISO/IEC andANSI/TIA/EIA. The information contained within thisreference guide covers the key aspects of the ISO/IEC11801, ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B, 569 and 606-A standards.We hope you find its contents informative and useful.

SCOPE OF THIS HANDBOOK

This document is meant as a reference that highlights the keypoints of the ISO/IEC 11801, ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B, 569and 606-A standards. It is not intended as a substitute forthe original documents. For further information on any topicin the guide, refer to the actual standard. See the sectioncalled Reference Documents for instructions on how to ordera copy of the standard itself.

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Work area and equipment cords are not considered part of the horizontal cabling subsystem because they areapplication specific. Horizontal cable from the FD to the TO shall be continuous unless a CP is installed.

DistributorsThe number and type of subsystems depends on therequirements of the end user and the size and geography of the site. Usually there would be one campus distributorper campus, one building distributor per building and onefloor distributor per floor.

When designing the FD the lengths of patch cords/jumpersand equipment cords should be kept to a minimum andadministration should ensure that the design does notexceed the required lengths of this standard.

Distributors should be located as to maintain the cablelengths required by the channel performance requirements.

Not all applications are supported to the maximum channeldistances set down in Table 1 of the standard using a singlecable type.

For floor spaces that exceed 1,000m2, a minimum of one FD should be provided for every 1,000m2 of floor spacereserved for offices. If the floor space is to be sparselypopulated such as a reception area then this may be fedfrom an adjacent floor.

Maximum Channel DistancesChannel Length (m)Horizontal 100mHorizontal + building backbone + campus backbone 2000mNOTE: In some implementations of the horizontal cabling subsystem in clause 7 of ISO/IEC11801, the FD may not support TO’s up to the maximum distance shown.

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If a BD does not exist then the campus subsystem extends tothe floor distributor (FD). Campus backbone cable may alsoconnect BD’s. Such connections are in addition to thoserequired for basic hierarchical topologies.

Building Backbone Cabling SubsystemThe building cabling subsystem extends from the BD to the FD. When installed this includes:• Building backbone cables.• Jumpers and patch cords.• Connecting hardware at both ends to terminate the

backbone cable.

Building backbone cables may also interconnect floordistributors. However these are classed for back up and inaddition to those required for basic hierarchical topologies.Building backbone cables shall not contain consolidation points.

Horizontal Cabling SubsystemThe horizontal cabling subsystem extends from the floor distributor to the telecommunications outlet (TO) and includes:• Horizontal cable.• Mechanical termination at the TO of horizontal cable.• Mechanical termination at the FD including connecting

hardware e.g. of the interconnect or cross connect.• Cross connections to application specific equipment at

the FD.• Consolidation point (CP) (optional).• Telecommunications outlets.

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• The CP shall be placed so that one work area is servedby at least one CP.

• The CP’s shall be limited to serving a maximum of 12 work areas.

• For balanced cabling the CP shall be placed a minimumof 15m from the FD.

• The CP shall be placed in an accessible position.• A CP shall be part of the administration system.

Floor Distributor (FD) & Building Distributor (BD)The FD shall provide all facilities (space, power,environmental, control etc.) for passive components, activedevices, and external network interfaces housed within it.Backbone cabling shall have direct access to the FD.

The BD is a location within a building that houses equipment. BD’s are different from FD’s due to the nature of the complexity of the equipment (e.g. PABX or computerequipment). More than one distributor may be housed in an equipment room. If a FD serves more than one BD itshould be considered an equipment room.

Performance of Balanced CablingThis specifies the minimum performance of generic balancedcabling. The performance specifications are placed in six classes A to F for balanced cabling. This allows forsuccessful transmission of applications over channels.

Channel performance requirements described in thisdocument may be used for the design and verification of any implementation of the ISO11801 standard.

The channel, permanent link and CP link performancespecification of the relevant class shall meet all temperaturesat which the cabling is intended to operate.

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Functions of multiple distributors may be combined, as an example the CD and BD may be in the same roomphysically, this is common when a small site is occupied or the link to other BD’s requires very little space.

Telecommunications Outlet (TO)Each work area should be served by a minimum of twoTO’s, for work area size refer to ISO/IEC TR 14763-2.• The first outlet should be for four pair balanced cable

terminated on a eight position outlet as described onpage 18.

• The second outlet may be for optical fibre or anotherfour pair outlet.

Single User TO AssemblySingle user TO’s should be located in user accessible locations.

The copper or fibre outlet should be selected to ensurechannel performance is maintained.

Multi-User TO Assembly (MUTOA)In open office environments an assembly of multipule TO’s may be used to serve more than one work area. A multi-user TO assembly should be limited to serving amaximum of twelve work areas. This assembly should beuser accessible and mounted on a permanent location suchas a building column or permanent wall.

The length of the work area cord should be limited to ensurecable management in the work area.

Consolidation PointInstallation of a consolidation point (CP) in the work area ispermitted between the FD and the TO. The CP shall onlycontain passive connecting hardware and shall not be usedas a cross connect.

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Insertion Loss/AttenuationPrevious editions of the ISO11801 standard used the term‘attenuation’ which is still widely used in the cable industry.However due to impedance mismatches in cabling systemsthis characteristic is better described as ‘insertion loss’. In this guide insertion loss is used to describe the signalattenuation over the length of the channel, links andcomponents. However it should be clearly understood that insertion loss is not a length specific characteristic.

The performance limits for the permanent link are given in the following tables, these figures are for maximumimplementation. These limits are derived from theperformance limits assuming that the permanent link is composed of 90m of solid conductor cable and three connectors.

Class E Permanent LinkFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 4.0 65.0 62.0 64.2 61.2 21.0

16.0 7.1 54.6 52.2 40.1 37.1 20.0100.0 18.5 41.8 39.3 24.2 21.2 14.0250.0 30.7 35.3 32.7 16.2 13.2 10.0

Class D Permanent LinkFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return


16.0 7.7 45.2 42.2 34.5 31.5 19.0100.0 20.4 32.3 29.3 18.6 15.6 12.0

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Compatibility between cables used in the same channel orpermanent link shall be maintained throughout the cablingsystem. For example, connections between cables withdifferent nominal characteristic impedance shall not be made.

LayoutThe channel comprises of only passive sections of cable,connecting hardware, work area cords, equipment cordsand patch cords.

The channel is composed of 90m of solid conductor cable,10m of cord(s) and four connections.

The insertion loss for CP cable to TO may differ from that of both fixed horizontal cables and cords. Table 21 withinthe standard gives equations for calculating maximumchannel lengths.

The performance of a permanent link is specified forhorizontal cabling at and between the TO and the first patchpanel at the other end of the horizontal cable. This maycontain a CP.

For Definitions of Electrical Parameters see page 32.

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Classification of Balanced CablingISO/IEC 11801 standard specifies the following classes for balanced cabling.

Class A is specified up to 100kHz.

Class B is specified up to 1MHz.

Class C is specified up to 16MHz.

Class D is specified up to 100MHz.

Class E is specified up to 250MHz.

Class F is specified up to 600MHz.

Channels, permanent links and CP links shall be installed to provide a minimum of Class D performance.

Balanced Cabling PerformanceThe nominal impedance of channels, permanent links and CP links is 100 ohm.

Optical Fibre CablesThere are four types of optical fibre specified to supportvarying applications, three multimode types and onesinglemode type.

Class F ChannelFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return


16.0 8.1 65.0 62.0 57.5 54.5 18.0100.0 20.8 62.9 59.9 44.4 41.4 12.0250.0 33.8 56.9 53.9 37.8 34.8 8.0600.0 54.6 51.2 48.2 31.3 28.3 8.0

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The performance limits of the channel are given in the following tables, these figures are for maximumimplementation. These limits are derived from theperformance limits assuming that the channel is composed of 90m of solid conductor cable, 10m of cord(s) and four connectors.

Class E ChannelFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return


16.0 8.3 53.2 50.6 39.2 36.2 18.0100.0 21.7 39.9 37.1 23.3 20.3 12.0250.0 35.9 33.1 30.2 15.3 12.3 8.0

Class D ChannelFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return


16.0 9.1 43.6 40.6 33.3 30.3 17.0100.0 24.0 30.1 27.1 17.4 14.4 10.0

Class F Permanent LinkFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return


16.0 6.9 65.0 62.0 59.3 56.3 20.0100.0 17.7 65.0 62.0 46.0 43.0 14.0250.0 28.8 60.4 57.4 39.2 36.2 10.0600.0 46.6 54.7 51.7 32.6 29.6 10.0

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Singlemode Optical Fibre CablesAs with multimode fibre there are three requirements:• Optical fibre requirements: The optical fibre shall

conform to IEC 60793-2 type B1 and ITU-T G.652.• Cable transmission performance requirements:

a) Attenuation, each optical fibre in the cable shallhave an attenuation in accordance with themeasurement requirements in IEC 60793-1-40.b) Cut-off wavelength, of cabled singlemode opticalfibre shall be less than 1260nm in accordance tomeasurement requirements in IEC 60793-1-44.

• Physical cable requirements: Indoor and outdoor cablesshall meet mechanical and environmental requirementsfrom IEC 60794-2 and IEC 60794-3.

Connecting HardwareConnecting hardware refers to the connectors, panels andancillary products that are terminated on to the copper orfibre cable. This is installed in the:• Campus Distributor (CD)• Building Distributor (BD)• Floor Distributor (FD)• Consolidation Point (CP)• Telecommunications Outlet (TO)

In addition to the location of connecting hardware it shouldalso be designed to provide:• Means to identify cabling for installation

and administration.• Means to permit cable management.• Means to access, monitor or test cabling

and components.• Protect against physical damage and contamination.

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The following table gives the optical attenuation as amaximum in dB’s per kilometre.

Multimode Optical Fibre CablesThere are three parts to the requirements of multimodecables, they are:

• Optical fibre requirements: The optical fibre shall be graded index with nominal 50/125 µm or 62.5/125 µm core/cladding diameter and numericalaperture complying with IEC 60793-2.

• Cable transmission performance requirements: Eachoptical fibre shall meet the performance of the abovetable. Attenuation and modal bandwidth shall bemeasured in accordance with IEC 60793-1.

• Physical cable requirements: The indoor and outdooroptical fibre cable shall meet mechanical andenvironmental requirements from IEC 60794-2 and IEC 60794-3.

The following table gives modal bandwidth for multimodeoptical fibres shown as the minimum modal bandwidth asMHz.km.

Optical Core Diameter Overfilled Launch Effective LaserFibre Type In µm Bandwidth Launch Bandwidth

850nm 1300nm 850nmOM1 50 or 62.5 200 500 UnspecifiedOM2 50 or 62.5 500 500 UnspecifiedOM3 50 1500 500 2000

OM1, OM2, & OM3 Multimode OS1 SinglemodeWavelength 850nm 1300nm 1310nm 1550nmAttenuation 3.5 1.5 1.0 1.0

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Optical Fibre HardwareTelecommunications outlet optical fibres shall be terminatedon to the horizontal cabling at the TO with a duplex SCconnector as specified in IEC 60874-19-1. Connectors at locations other than the TO shall meet the optical,mechanical and environmental requirements of IEC 60874-19-1.

Screening PracticesThe procedures must provide adequate earthing for bothelectrical and EM performance, are subject to local andnational regulations, always in accordance with ISO/IEC TR 14763-2.

Earthing and bonding shall be in accordance withapplicable electrical codes or IEC 60364-1.

Test ProceduresTesting of balanced cabling channels, permanent links and CP links shall follow test procedures as specified in IEC 61953-1.

Testing of optical fibre channels are specified in IEC 61280-4-1 Ed.1.0, IEC 61280-4-2 Ed.1.0 and IEC 61280-4-3 Ed. 1.0.

All figures shown in the tables are informative. For fullcalculation values please see the latest full standard.

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• Space efficiency for termination density and ease of administration.

• Means to ensure screening and bonding requirementswhen required.

Telecommunications Outlet RequirementsCabling Classes A to F; each horizontal balanced cable shall be terminated at the telecommunications outlet with an unkeyed socket and shall comply with the pin and pairassignments as shown.

Plugs and sockets shall be intermateable and backwardcompatible with previous category performance. Backwardcompatibility means that mated connectors shall meet all ofthe requirements of the lowest performingcomponent.

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THE PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD

• Establish a generic telecommunications cabling standardthat will support a multivendor environment.

• Enable the planning and installation of a structuredcabling system for commercial buildings.

• Establish performance and technical criteria for variouscabling system configurations.

The Standard Specifies:

• Minimum requirements for telecommunications cablingwithin an office environment.

• Recommended topology and distances.• Media parameters which determine performance.• Connector and pin assignments to ensure

interconnectability.• The useful life of telecommunications cabling systems

as being in excess of ten years.

Building telecommunications cabling specified by thisstandard is intended to support a wide range of differentcommercial building sites and applications (e.g. voice, data,text, video and image). Typically, this range includes siteswith a geographical extent from 3000-1,000,000m2 ofoffice space, and with a population of up to 50,000individual users.

This standard replaces ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A dated 6 October 1995. This standard also incorporates andrefines the technical content of TSB67, TSB72, TSB75, TSB95 and TIA/EIA-568-A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4 and A-5.

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Notes

ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B

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telecommunications rooms. Any or all of the functions of a telecommunications room may be provided by anequipment room.

3. Backbone CablingThe backbone cabling provides interconnection betweentelecommunication rooms, equipment rooms and entrance facilities.

It consists of the backbone cables, intermediate and maincross-connects, mechanical terminations and patch cords orjumpers used for backbone-to-backbone cross-connection.This includes:• Vertical connection between floors (risers).• Cables between an equipment room and building

cable entrance facilities.• Cables between buildings (interbuilding).

Specified Backbone Cabling Topology: Star

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GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

THE SIX SUBSYSTEMS OF A STRUCTURED CABLING SYSTEM

1. Building EntranceBuilding entrance facilities provide the point at whichoutdoor cabling interfaces with the intrabuilding backbonecabling. The physical requirements of the network interfaceare defined in the TIA/EIA-569-A standard.

2. Equipment RoomThe design aspects of the equipment room are specified inthe TIA/EIA-569-A standard. Equipment rooms usuallyhouse equipment of higher complexity than


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4. Telecommunications RoomA telecommunications room is the area within a buildingthat houses the telecommunications cabling systemequipment. This includes the mechanical terminationsand/or cross-connects for the horizontal and backbonecabling system. Please refer to TIA/EIA-569-A for the design specifications of the telecommunications room.

5. Horizontal CablingSpecified Horizontal Cabling Topology: Star

The horizontal cabling system extends from the work area telecommunications (information) outlet to thetelecommunications room and consists of the following:• Horizontal Cabling.• Telecommunications Outlet.• Cable Terminations.• Cross-Connections.• Patch Cords.

Four media types are recognised as options for horizontalcabling, each extending a maximum distance of 90m:• 4-pair, 100 ohm UTP/ScTP cable (22 to 24AWG

solid conductors).• 2-fibre, 62.5/125µm or 50/125µm optical cable.

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Other Design Requirements:• No more than two hierarchical levels of backbone

cross-connects.• Star topology.• Bridge taps are not allowed.• Main and intermediate cross-connect jumper or patch

cord lengths should not exceed 20m.• Avoid installing in areas where sources of high levels of

EMI/RFI may exist.• Grounding should meet the requirements as defined in

local regulations.

Note: It is recommended that the user consult withequipment manufacturers, application standards and system providers for additional information when planning shared-sheath applications on UTP backbone cables.

Note: Backbone distances are application-dependent. Themaximum distances specified above are based on voicetransmission for UTP/ScTP and data transmission over fibre. A 90m distance applies to UTP/ScTP at spectral bandwidths of5–16 MHz for CAT 3 and 20–100 MHz for CAT 5e.

Current state-of-the-art distribution facilities usually include a combination of both copper and fibre optic cables in the backbone.

Maximum Backbone DistancesMain to Main to Intermediate

Media Horizontal Intermediate to HorizontalType Cross-Connect Cross-Connect Cross-Connect

Copper (Voice*) 800m 500m 300m Multimode 2000m 1700m 300m

Single-mode 3000m 2700m 300m

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secured furniture cluster. Work area cables may then berouted through furniture pathways and directly connected towork area equipment. Each furniture cluster should have oneMUTOA which serves a maximum of 12 work areas. Ceilingand access floor mounting is not allowed by TIA/EIA-569-A.

Note: No Work Area cable length may exceed 22m.

For optical fibre, any combination of horizontal, work areacables, patch cords and equipment cords may not exceed 100m.

Consolidation Point

Maximum Work Area Cable Length is Determined by the Following Table:

Length of Maximum Maximum combined lengthhorizontal length of work of work area cables, patch

cable area cable cords and equipment cablem m m 90 5 10 85 9 14 80 13 18 75 17 22 70 22 27

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Maximum Distances for Horizontal Cabling

In addition to the 90m of horizontal cable, a total of 10m isallowed for work area and telecommunications room patchand jumper cables.

Multi-user Telecommunications Outlet AssemblyOptional practices for open office environments arespecified for any horizontal telecommunications cablingrecognised in TIA/EIA 568-B.

A multi-user telecommunications outlet assembly (MUTOA)facilitates the termination of multiple horizontal cables in acommon location within a column, wall or permanently

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To connect fibre from the work area to the equipment room, within a single building, the user may use a splice or interconnect in the telecom room. The combined distancelimitation is 300m for horizontal, intrabuilding backboneand patch cords. Alternatively, the user may simply pullcables through the closet. In this last case, the fibrehorizontal and backbone consist of one continuous fibrepair, and the pull-through distance limitation is 90m.Cabling is 62.5/125µm multimode or 50/125µmmultimode. Sufficient space shall be allowed for slack,addition and removal of cables, spares and conversion to a full cross-connect system. Labelling shall be in accordancewith TIA/EIA-606-A, with additional labelling to identify A-B pairs with specific work areas.

6. Work AreaThe work area components extend from the telecommunications(information) outlet to the station equipment. Work areawiring is designed to be relatively simple to interconnect so that moves, adds and changes are easily managed.

Work Area Components• Station Equipment – computers, data terminals,

telephones, etc.• Patch Cables – modular cords, PC adapter cables,

fibre jumpers, etc.• Adapters (baluns, etc.) – must be external to

telecommunications outlet.

Telecommunications OutletEach work area shall have a minimum of two informationoutlet ports: one for voice and one for data. The cablingchoices are indicated in the following diagram.

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A consolidation point differs from a MUTOA in that itrequires an additional connection for each horizontal cable run.

Only one consolidation point (an interconnection point in the horizontal cabling) is allowed, at a distance of at least 15m from the telecom room. A transition point (transitionfrom round to flat under carpet cable) is not allowed. Aconsolidation point is installed in unobstructed buildingcolumns, permanent walls, ceilings or access floors (if accessible).

The multi-user telecommunications outlet and consolidationpoint methods are intended to be mutually exclusive. Labellingand allowance for spares is required. Moves, adds andchanges should be administered in the telecom room.

Centralised Optical Fibre CablingThe ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B-1 standard offers maximumflexibility for distributed electronics for multi-tenant buildingsby providing for single-tenant users who prefer centralisedelectronics (i.e. server farms) connected by a fibre horizontaland fibre backbone.

Centralised Cabling Scheme

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CHANNEL AND PERMANENT LINK

For the purposes of testing UTP/ScTP cabling systems, thehorizontal channel is assumed to contain a telecommunicationsoutlet/connector, a transition point, 90m of UTP/ScTPCategory 3, 5e or 6 cable, a cross-connect consisting of twoblocks or panels and a total of 10m of patch cords. Thefigure below shows the relationship of these components.

Two link configurations are defined for testing purposes. The permanent link includes the horizontal distribution cable,telecommunications outlet/connector or transition point andone horizontal cross-connect component, including themated connections. This is assumed to be the permanentpart of a link. The channel is comprised of the permanentlink plus cross-connect equipment, user equipment cord andcross-connect patch cable.

Minimum Bend RadiusHorizontal UTP (4-pair) 4 x diameterHorizontal ScTP 8 x diameterBackbone Cable 10 x diameterPatch Cord Not determined

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Telecommunications Outlet

8-Position Modular Jack Pair Assignments for UTP/ScTP

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Propagation Delay: The time needed for the transmissionof signal to travel the length of a single pair.

Delay Skew: The difference between the propagationdelay of any two pairs within the same cable sheath. Delayskew is caused primarily because twisted pairs are designedto have different twists per foot (lay lengths). Delay skewcould cause data transmitted over one channel to arrive outof sync with data over another channel.

The following tables show the limitations for both thepermanent links and channel.

Tests shall also measure physical length of each link, andemploy wire map to verify pin terminations at each end and identify simple electrical faults. Level III field testequipment accuracy is defined.

Category 3 Permanent Link Requirements

Category 3 Permanent LinkFrequency (MHz) Insertion Loss (dB) NEXT (dB)

1.0 3.5 40.14.0 6.2 30.78.0 8.9 25.9

10.0 9.9 24.316.0 13.0 21.0

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Definitions of Electrical ParametersInsertion Loss: This term has replaced the term‘attenuation’ (ATTN). It is a measure of the decrease ofsignal strength as it travels down the media.

NEXT (near-end crosstalk): A measure of theunwanted signal coupling from a transmitter at the near-endinto a neighbouring (non-energised) pair measured at the near-end.

PSNEXT (power sum near-end crosstalk): Acomputation of the unwanted signal coupling from multipletransmitters at the near-end into (non-energised) pairmeasured at the near-end.

FEXT (far-end crosstalk): A measure of the unwanted signal coupling from a transmitter at the near-end into a neighbouring pair measured at the far-end.

ELFEXT (equal-level far-end crosstalk): A measureof the unwanted signal coupling from a transmitter at thenear-end into a neighbouring pair measured at the far-end,relative to the received signal level measured on that samepair. (ELFEXT is FEXT adjusted to discount attenuation.)

PSELFEXT (power sum equal-level far-endcrosstalk): A computation of the unwanted signal coupling from multiple transmitters at the near-end into a pair measured at the far-end, relative to the received signal level on that same pair.

Return Loss: A measure of the degree of impedancemismatch between two impedances. It is the ratio, expressedin decibels, of the amplitude of a reflected wave echo to theamplitude of the main wave at the junction of a transmissionline and a terminating impedance.

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Category 5e Channel Requirements

Maximum channel propagation delay: 555ns @ 10MHzMaximum channel delay skew: 50ns @ 100MHz

Maximum Cat 6 permanent link propagation delay: less than 498ns@ 10 MHzMaximum Cat 6 permanent link delay skew: less than 44ns/100m @ 10 MHz

Category 6 Permanent LinkFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 1.9 65.0 62.0 64.2 61.2 19.14.0 3.5 64.1 61.8 52.1 49.1 21.0

10.0 5.5 57.8 55.5 44.2 41.2 21.016.0 7.0 54.6 52.2 40.1 37.1 20.0

31.25 10.0 50.0 47.5 34.3 31.3 18.562.5 14.4 45.1 42.7 28.3 25.3 16.0

100.0 18.6 41.8 39.3 24.2 21.2 14.0200.0 27.4 36.9 34.3 18.2 15.2 11.0250.0 31.1 35.3 32.7 16.2 13.2 10.0

Category 5e ChannelFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 2.2 >60 >57 57.4 54.4 17.04.0 4.5 53.5 50.5 45.4 42.4 17.08.0 6.3 48.6 45.6 39.3 36.3 17.0

10.0 7.1 47.0 44.0 37.4 34.4 17.016.0 9.1 43.6 40.6 33.3 30.3 17.020.0 10.2 42.0 39.0 31.4 28.4 17.025.0 11.4 40.3 37.3 29.4 26.4 16.0

31.25 12.9 38.7 35.7 27.5 24.5 15.162.5 18.6 33.6 30.6 21.5 18.5 12.1

100.0 24.0 30.1 27.1 17.4 14.4 10.0

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Category 3 Channel Requirements

Category 5e Permanent Link Requirements

Maximum link propagation delay: 518ns @ 10MHzMaximum link delay skew: 45ns @ 100MHz

Category 5e Permanent LinkFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 2.1 >60 >57 58.6 55.6 19.04.0 3.9 54.8 51.8 46.6 43.6 19.08.0 5.5 50.0 47.0 40.6 37.5 19.0

10.0 6.2 48.5 45.5 38.6 35.6 19.016.0 7.9 45.2 42.2 34.5 31.5 19.020.0 8.9 43.7 40.7 32.6 29.6 19.025.0 10.0 42.1 39.1 30.7 27.7 18.0

31.25 11.2 40.5 37.5 28.7 25.7 17.162.5 16.2 35.7 32.7 22.7 19.7 14.1

100.0 21.0 32.3 29.3 18.6 15.6 12.0

Category 3 ChannelFrequency (MHz) Insertion Loss (dB) NEXT (dB)

1.0 4.2 39.14.0 7.3 29.38.0 10.2 24.3

10.0 11.5 22.716.0 14.9 19.3

37

Maximum Cat 6/ClassE channel propogation delay: less than 555ns @ 10MHzMaximum Cat 6/ClassE channel delay skew: less than 50ns/100m @ 10MHz

Category 6 ChannelFrequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 2.1 65.0 62.0 63.3 60.3 19.04.0 4.0 63.0 60.0 51.2 48.21 19.0

10.0 6.3 56.6 54.0 43.3 40.3 19.016.0 8.0 53.2 50.6 39.2 36.2 18.0

31.25 11.4 48.4 45.7 33.4 30.4 16.562.5 16.5 43.4 40.6 27.3 24.3 14.0

100.0 21.3 39.9 37.1 23.3 20.3 12.0200.0 31.5 34.8 31.9 17.2 14.2 9.0250.0 35.9 33.1 30.2 15.3 12.3 8.0

36

BALANCED TWISTED-PAIR CABLING COMPONENTS

100 OHM UNSHIELDED TWISTED-PAIR (UTP/ScTP)CABLING SYSTEMS

Horizontal CableAs transmission rates have increased, higher performanceUTP/ScTP cabling has become a necessity. In addition, some means of classifying horizontal UTP/ScTP cables andconnecting hardware by performance capability had to beestablished. These capabilities have been broken down to a series of categories. The following categories are currently recognised:

Category 3Cables/connecting hardware with transmission parameterscharacterised up to 16MHz

Category 5eCables/connecting hardware with transmission parameterscharacterised up to 100MHz

Category 6Cables/connecting hardware with transmission parameterscharacterised up to 250MHz


39

Characteristic impedance of horizontal cabling=100ohms ±15 percent from 1MHz to the highest referenced frequency (16 or 100MHz) of a particular category.

*Requirements for 25-pair cable are identical to those for 4-pair cable.

Maximum Cat 6 cable propagation delay: 538ns/100m @ 100MHz (536 @ 250MHz)Maximum Cat 6 cable delay skew: 45ns/100m @ all frequencies

The PSNEXT performance of bundled or hybrid cables shall be 1.2dBgreater than shown above.

* Horizontal and Backbone cables are defined only as identical 4-pair cables.

Category 6 Solid Horizontal & Backbone Cable (100m)*Frequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT ELFEXT PSELFEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)0.772 1.8 76.0 74.0 70.0 67.0 –

1.0 2.0 74.3 72.3 67.8 64.8 20.04.0 3.8 65.3 63.3 55.8 52.8 23.08.0 5.3 60.8 58.8 49.7 46.7 24.5

10.0 6.0 59.3 57.3 47.8 44.8 25.016.0 7.6 56.2 54.2 43.7 40.7 25.020.0 8.5 54.8 52.8 41.8 38.8 25.025.0 9.5 53.3 51.3 39.8 36.8 24.3

31.25 10.7 51.9 49.9 37.9 34.9 23.662.5 15.4 47.4 45.4 31.9 28.9 21.5

100.0 19.8 44.3 42.3 27.8 24.8 20.1200.0 29.0 39.8 37.8 21.8 18.8 18.0250.0 32.8 38.3 36.3 19.8 16.8 17.3

38

Category 3 Horizontal & Backbone Cable

Max Cat 3 cable propagation delay: 545ns/100m @ 10MHzMaximum Cat 3 cable delay skew: 45ns/100m @ 16MHz

Category 5e Horizontal & Backbone Cable

Maximum Cat 5e cable propagation delay: 538ns/100m @ 100MHzMaximum Cat 5e cable delay skew: 45ns/100m @ 100MHz

Category 5e Horizontal & Backbone Cable (100m)Frequency Insertion NEXT* PSNEXT ELFEXT* PSELFEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)0.772 1.8 67.0 64.0 19.41.0 2.0 65.3 62.3 63.8 60.8 20.04.0 4.1 56.3 53.3 51.8 48.8 23.08.0 5.8 51.8 48.8 45.7 42.7 24.5

10.0 6.5 50.3 47.3 43.8 40.8 25.016.0 8.2 47.2 44.2 39.7 36.7 25.020.0 9.3 45.8 42.8 37.8 34.8 25.025.0 10.4 44.3 41.3 35.8 32.8 24.331.25 11.7 42.9 39.9 33.9 30.9 23.662.5 17.0 38.4 35.4 27.9 24.9 21.5

100.0 22.0 35.3 32.3 23.8 20.8 20.1

Category 3 Horizontal & Backbone Cable (100m) Frequency Insertion NEXT PSNEXT

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB)0.772 2.2 43.0 43

1.0 2.6 40.3 414.0 5.6 32.3 328.0 8.5 27.8 28

10.0 9.7 26.3 2616.0 13.1 23.2 23

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Category 5e Connecting Hardware

PSNEXT and PSFEXT are not defined for connecting hardware

Category 6 Connecting HardwareFrequency Insertion NEXT FEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 0.10 75.0 75.0 30.04.0 0.1 75.0 71.0 30.08.0 0.1 75.0 65.0 30.0

10.0 0.1 74.0 63.1 30.016.0 0.1 69.9 59.0 30.020.0 0.1 68.0 57.1 30.025.0 0.1 66.0 55.1 30.031.25 0.11 64.1 53.2 30.062.5 0.16 58.1 47.2 28.1

100.0 0.20 54.0 43.1 24.0200.0 0.28 48.0 37.1 18.0250.0 0.32 46.0 35.1 16.0

Category 5e Connecting HardwareFrequency Insertion NEXT FEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 0.1 65.0 65.0 30.04.0 0.1 65.0 63.1 30.08.0 0.1 64.9 57.0 30.0

10.0 0.1 63.0 55.1 30.020.0 0.2 57.0 49.1 30.025.0 0.2 55.0 47.1 30.031.25 0.2 53.1 45.2 30.062.5 0.3 47.1 39.2 24.1

100.0 0.4 43.0 35.1 20.0

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Bundled and Hybrid CableBundled, wrapped or hybrid cables are allowed for use inhorizontal cabling, provided that each individual cable typemeets TIA/EIA-568-B.2 specifications, and that power sumNEXT loss created by adjacent jacketed cables be 3dB betterthan the normally allowed pair-to-pair NEXT for the cabletype being tested. Colour codes must follow individual cablestandards to distinguish them from multipair UTP backbone cabling.

UTP/ScTP Connecting HardwareTo ensure that installed connecting hardware(telecommunications outlets, patch cords and panels,connectors, cross-connect blocks, etc.) will have minimaleffect on overall cabling system performance, thecharacteristics and performance parameters presented inthis section shall be met.

Category 3 Connecting Hardware

Category 3 Connecting HardwareFrequency (MHz) Insertion Loss (dB) NEXT (dB)

1.0 0.1 58.04.0 0.2 46.08.0 0.3 39.9

10.0 0.3 38.016.0 0.4 33.9

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Category 5e Assembled Patch Cords

Insertion Loss (Attenuation) per 100m (328ft) @ 20 degrees C isdefined as equal to UTP solid cable attenuation plus 20% (theincreased insertion loss allowance is due to stranded conductors).

Category 6 Assembled Patch Cords Frequency 2m Cord 5m Cord 10m Cord Return

(MHz) NEXT (dB) NEXT (dB) NEXT (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 19.84.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 21.68.0 65.0 65.0 64.8 22.5

10.0 65.0 64.5 62.9 22.816.0 62.0 60.5 59.0 23.420.0 60.1 58.6 57.2 23.725.0 58.1 56.8 55.4 24.031.25 56.2 54.9 53.6 23.062.5 50.4 49.2 48.1 20.0

100.0 46.4 45.3 44.4 18.0200.0 40.6 39.8 39.3 15.0250.0 38.8 38.1 37.6 14.0

Category 5e Assembled Patch Cords Frequency 2m Cord 5m Cord 10m Cord Return

(MHz) NEXT (dB) NEXT (dB) NEXT (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 65.0 65.0 65.0 19.84.0 62.3 61.5 60.4 21.68.0 56.4 55.6 54.7 22.5

10.0 54.5 53.7 52.8 22.816.0 50.4 49.8 48.9 23.420.0 48.6 47.9 47.1 23.725.0 46.7 46.0 45.3 24.031.25 44.8 44.2 43.6 23.062.5 39.0 38.5 38.1 20.0

100.0 35.1 34.8 34.6 18.0

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The preferred termination method for all UTP/ScTPconnecting hardware utilises the insulation displacementcontact (IDC). To ensure overall system integrity, horizontalcables need to be terminated with connecting hardware ofthe same category or higher.

The following requirements apply only to wire and cableused for patch cords and cross-connect jumpers:

UTP/ScTP Patch CordsJumper/patch cord maximum length limitations:• 20m in main cross-connect.• 20m in intermediate cross-connect.• 6m in telecommunications room.• 3m in the work area.

Patch cord cable construction:• Stranded conductors for extended flex-life.

Also, cables used for patch cords and cross-connect jumpersneed to be of the same performance category (or higher) as the horizontal cables they connect. Lastly, UTP/ScTPcabling systems are not Category 3, 5e or 6 compliantunless all components of the system satisfy their respective category requirements.

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OPTICAL FIBRE CABLING COMPONENTS

Optical Fibre Cabling Systems

Optical Fibre Cabling Media• Horizontal – 62.5/125 or 50/125µm multimode optical fibre (minimum

of two fibres)• Backbone – 62.5/125 or 50/125µm multimode or single-mode

optical fibreCable Transmission Performance Parameters Multimode(Horizontal & Backbone)

50µm 62.5µm 50µm Laser OptimisedMaximum Minimum Minimum Minimum

Wavelength Attenuation Bandwidth Bandwith Bandwidth(nm) (dB/km) (MHz.km) (MHz.km) (MHz.km)

850 3.5 500 160 15001/20002

1300 1.5 500 500 500/not required1 overfilled launch

2 laser launch

Refer to TIA/EIA - 492AAAC for Laser Optimised Fibre.

Cable Transmission Performance Parameters Single-mode (Backbone)

Inside Plant Outside PlantWavelength Maximum Attenuation Maximum Attenuation

(nm) (dB/km) (dB/km)

1310 1.0 0.51550 1.0 0.5

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Notes


47

Optical Fibre Splices, Fusion or Mechanical:• Maximum attenuation 0.3dB.• Minimum return loss:

Multimode: 20dB.Single-mode: 26dB.Single-mode: 55dB (analog CATV).Optical Fibre Connector (mated pair).

• Maximum insertion loss 0.75dB.

Patch Cords• Shall be dual fibre of the same type as the horizontal

and backbone fibre.• Polarity shall be keyed duplex.

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Outside plant cable must be water-blocked and have aminimum pull strength of 91kg. (Drop cable pull strengthmay be 45kg).

Optical Fibre ConnectorNo specified connector: 568SC and other duplex designs may be used.

Colour Identification:• Beige – multimode connector/coupling.• Blue – single-mode connector/coupling.

Note: The ISO/IEC standard now specifies the 568SC-typefibre connector in the work area.

Optical Fibre Telecommunications OutletRequired features:• Capability to terminate minimum of two fibres into

568SC couplings or other duplex connection.• Means of securing fibre and maintaining minimum

bend radius of 25mm.

Optical Fibre Bend Radius

Fibre Type Bend RadiusSmall Inside Plant Cable (2–4 fibres) 25mm (no load)

50mm (w/load)All Other Inside Plant Cable 10 x diameter (no load)

15 x diameter (w/load)Outside Plant Cable 10 x diameter (no load)

20 x diameter (w/load)

TIA and ISO standards are shown. There are a number ofreferences in the ISO standard to Categories, these apply tothe components and their relevant performance. A referenceto these can be found at the end of this document.

The following provides a comparison that highlights many ofthe fundamental similarities and differences between ANSI-TIA/EIA-568-B (and addendum) and ISO/IEC 11801 : Issue 2.

TERMINOLOGY

TIA/EIA

Cross Connect: A facility enabling the termination ofcable elements and their connection by patch cord or jumper.MC: Main Cross ConnectIC: Intermediate Cross ConnectHC: Horizontal Cross ConnectTR: Telecommunications RoomTO: Telecommunications Outlet/connectorTP: Transition Point. A location in the horizontal cablewhere flat under carpet cable connects to round cableCP: Consolidation Point. An interconnection scheme thatconnects horizontal cables that extend from buildingpathways to horizontal cables that extend into work area pathwaysInterbuilding BackboneIntrabuilding Backbone

Cabling PerformanceCategory 3 specified to 16 MHzCategory 4 specified to 20 MHz *

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GUIDE TO DIFFERENCES IN STANDARDS

CATEGORY 6 TO CLASS E COMPARISON

In the past there has been vast differences between theTIA/EIA-568 standard and the ISO/CENELEC version.Today as we work towards a more unified Category 6 orClass E standard, both groups are working closely together.The following information gives an insight and confirmationof electrical characteristics, where there is a discrepancy anexplanation is given.

TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1 Balanced Twisted-Pair Cabling Components –Addendum 1 – Transmission PerformanceSpecifications for 4-Pair 100ohm Category 6 Cabling

This addendum describes Category 6 cables, patch cords,connecting hardware, permanent link and channeltransmission parameters characterised up to 250 MHz.

The standard specifies insertion loss, near-end crosstalk(NEXT) loss, equal level far-end crosstalk (ELFEXT), returnloss, propagation delay and delay skew for cables andconnecting hardware.

ISO11801 2nd EditionInformation Technology, Generic cabling forcustomer premises.

This standard incorporates additions from Edition 1 and alsodeletions. Edition 2 incorporates Class D upgraded to meetthe requirements of TIA Cat5e. Class E and Class F areincluded within this specification, the differences between the

ISO/TIA COMPARISON

49

51

The lowest rated component determines the rating of the link or channel.

PSNEXT and PSFEXT are not defined for connecting hardware in theTIA but is defined in ISO.

Category 6/Class E Connecting HardwareFrequency Insertion NEXT FEXT Return

(MHz) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 0.10/0.10 75.0/80.0 75.0/65.0 30.0

100.0 0.20/0.20 54.0/54.0 43.1/43.1 24.0250.0 0.32/0.32 46.0/46.0 35.1/35.1 16.0

Backward Compatible Mated Component PerformanceCat 3/ Cat 5 Cat 5e/ Cat 6/ Class FClass C Class D Class E

Cat 3/ Cat 3/ Cat 3/ Cat 3/ Cat 3/ Cat 3/Class C Class C Class C Class C Class C Class CCat 5 Cat 3/ Cat 5 Cat 5 Cat 5 Cat 5

Class CCat 5e/ Cat 3/ Cat 5 Cat 5e/ Cat 5e/ Cat 5e/Class D Class C Class D Class D Class DCat 6/ Cat 3/ Cat 5 Cat 5e/ Cat 6/ Cat 6/Class E Class C Class D Class E Class EClass F Cat 3/ Cat 5 Cat 5e/ Cat 6/ Class F

Class C Class D Class E

50

Category 5 & 5e specified to 100 MHz **Category 6 specified to 250 MHzCategory 7 specified to 600 MHz **** Withdrawn from TIA/EIA-568-B** Category 5 withdrawn from main 568-B standard to TSB95 for reference only*** Category 7 is not currently a draft standard by the TIA

ISO/EN

Distributor: A facility enabling the termination of cableelements and their connection by patch cord or jumperCD: Campus DistributorBD: Building DistributorFD: Floor DistributorTR: Telecommunications RoomTO: Telecommunications Outlet/connectorNo Equivalent ISO does not support under carpet data cableCP: As TIA/EIACampus BackboneBuilding Backbone

Cabling PerformanceClass C specified to 16 MHz #No comparable classClass D 2002 specified to 100 MHz ##Class E specified to 250 MHzClass F specified to 600 MHz

# Class C has been withdrawn from the ISO and EN standards## Class D 2002 is equivalent to Category 5e, the originalClass D (Cat5) has been withdrawn

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Maximum Cat 6/Class E channel propogation delay: less than555ns @ 10MHzMaximum Cat 6/Class E channel delay skew: less than 50ns/100m@ 10MHz

N.B. The figures given within the tables are informative only,for exact figures please refer to the calculations within thestandards document.

ChannelFrequency Insertion Insertion NEXT NEXT PSNEXT PSNEXT

(MHz) Loss (dB) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)Cat 6 Class E Cat 6 Class E Cat 6 Class E

1.0 2.1 4.0 65.0 65.0 62.0 62.016.0 8.0 8.3 53.2 53.2 50.6 50.6

100.0 21.3 21.7 39.9 39.9 37.1 37.1250.0 35.9 35.9 33.1 33.1 30.2 30.2

Frequency ELFEXT ELFEXT PSELF PSELF Return Return(MHz) (dB) (dB) EXT EXT Loss Loss

(dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)1.0 63.3 63.3 60.3 60.3 19.0 19.0

16.0 39.2 39.2 36.2 36.2 18.0 18.0100.0 23.3 23.3 20.3 20.3 12.0 12.0250.0 15.3 15.3 12.3 12.3 8.0 8.0

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Insertion Loss (Attenuation) per 100m (328ft) @ 20 degrees C isdefined as equal to UTP solid cable attenuation plus 20% (theincreased insertion loss allowance is due to stranded conductors).

Maximum Cat 6 permanent link propogation delay: less than 498ns@ 10MHzMaximum Cat 6 permanent link delay skew: less than 44ns/100m@ 10MHz

Permanent Link Frequency Insertion Insertion NEXT NEXT PSNEXT PSNEXT

(MHz) Loss (dB) Loss (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)Cat 6 Class E Cat 6 Class E Cat 6 Class E

1.0 1.9 4.0 65.0 65.0 62.0 62.016.0 7.0 7.1 54.6 54.6 52.2 52.2

100.0 18.6 18.5 41.8 41.8 39.3 39.3250.0 31.1 30.7 35.3 35.3 32.7 32.7

Frequency ELFEXT ELFEXT PSELF PSELF Return Return(MHz) (dB) (dB) EXT EXT Loss Loss

(dB) (dB) (dB) (dB)1.0 64.2 64.2 61.2 61.2 19.1 21.0

16.0 40.1 40.1 37.1 37.1 20.0 20.0100.0 24.2 24.2 21.2 21.2 14.0 14.0250.0 16.2 16.2 13.2 13.2 10.0 10.0

Category 6/Class E Assembled Patch Cords Frequency 2m Cord 5m Cord 10m Cord Return

(MHz) NEXT (dB) NEXT (dB) NEXT (dB) Loss (dB)1.0 65.0/65.0 65.0/65.0 65.0/65.0 19.8/19.8

16.0 62.0/61.6 60.5/60.0 59.0/58.5 23.4/23.4100.0 46.4/46.2 45.3/45.0 44.4/44.2 18.0/18.0250.0 38.8/38.6 38.1/37.9 37.6/37.6 14.0/14.0

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DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

1. Electric Entrance 5. Voice2. Telco Entrance 6. Telecom Room3. Telecom Equipment Room 7. Grounding & Bonding4. Data 8. Underfloor System

SERVICE ENTRANCE PATHWAYS

For underground facilities, use a minimum 100mm conduitor duct constructed of PVC; multiple plastic duct; galvanisedsteel; fibre glass; with appropriate encasement. No more

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PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD

As the complexity of voice and data telecommunications hasincreased, standards have been established to ensure theoperability, flexibility, manageability and longevity of thesecritical commercial support systems. Telecommunicationsnow encompass voice, data and video transmission ofbusiness information, fire/security, audio, environmental andother intelligent building controls over media that includesfibre optics, specialised copper data cabling, microwaveand radiowave. This guide concisely describes thearchitectural design elements of cabling pathways anddedicated rooms for telecommunications equipment.

A multi-tenant commercial building has a life expectancy ofat least 50 years. Software, hardware and communicationsgear have far shorter lifespans of one to five years.Moreover, in a multi-tenant environment, continuous moves,adds and changes are inevitable. It is the purpose ofstandards to guide design and ease future changes – byplanning for the future now. These standards are intended to provide for a generic structured cabling plant, capable of running any voice or data application foreseeable in thenext 10 to 15 years.

Abbreviations:AWG American Wire GaugeV voltsA ampskVA kilovolt ampereV/m volts per meter

ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A

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Rule of thumb: Allow one square foot of plywood wallmountfor each 18.6m2 of floor space.

EQUIPMENT ROOM

An equipment room is essentially a large telecommunicationsroom that may house the main distribution frame, PBXs,secondary voltage protection, etc. The equipment room isoften appended to the entrance facilities or a computer room to allow shared air conditioning, security, fire control, lighting and limited access.

Gross BuildingFloor Space (m2) Plywood Field (m) Room Dimensions(m)

465 2.44 high x 1 wide 929 2.44 high x 1 wide

1858 2.44 high x 1.07 (A room recommended3716 2.44 high x 1.727 beyond this level)4645 2.44 high x 2.285574 2.44 high x 2.44 (A dedicated room req’d.)7432 2.44 high x 3.048 3.66 x 1.99290 2.44 high x 2 walls 3.66 x 1.9

18,580 2.44 high x 2 walls 3.66 x 2.7437,160 2.44 high x 2 walls 3.66 x 3.9646,450 2.44 high x 2 walls 3.66 x 4.7255,740 2.44 high x 2 walls 3.66 x 5.5674,320 2.44 high x 2 walls 3.66 x 6.7892,900 2.44 high x 2 walls 3.66 x 8.4

56

than two 90° manufactured bends are allowed (10 times thediameter). Drain slope should not be less than 300mm per30m. Recommended conduit fill varies but should not exceed40 percent for more than two cables.

Maintenance holes (typically 240kg/cm2, concrete) must beequipped with sump, corrosion-protected pulling iron, cableracks, grounded ladder and only such power/lightconductors as required for telecommunications support perNEC requirements.

ENTRANCE FACILITIES

Entrance facilities include the pathways for outside carrierservices, interbuilding backbone, alternate entrance andantennae entrance pathways. The entrance facilities consistof a termination field interfacing any outside cabling to theintrabuilding backbone cabling. The local telephone carrieris typically required to terminate cabling within 15m ofbuilding penetration and to provide primary voltage protection.

In buildings larger than 2000m2, a locked, dedicated,enclosed room is recommended. Beyond 7000m2, a locked,dedicated room is required, with a plywood terminationfield provided on two walls. In buildings up to 10,000m2, a wall-mounted termination field may serve as the entrancefacility, using 20mm plywood, 2.4m high. Beyond 10,000m2,rack-mounted and free-standing frames may also berequired. Minimum space requirements are given as follows:

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ElectricalTypically, a minimum of two dedicated 15A, 110/220V AC duplex outlets on separate circuits is required. Convenienceduplex outlets shall be placed at 2m intervals around theperimeter. Emergency power should be considered andsupplied, if available.

DustLess than 100 micrograms/cubic meter/24-hour period.

Note: The term ‘typically’ is applied here to indicate, where applicable, that these requirements also apply toother elements of the cabling system spaces. Lightingrequirements, for instance, are largely identical for entrancefacilities, equipment rooms and telecommunications rooms.

INTRABUILDING BACKBONE PATHWAYS

Within a building, the intrabuilding backbone pathwaysextend between the entrance facilities, equipment room andtelecommunications rooms. Telecom rooms should be stackedvertically above each other on each floor, and provided with a minimum of three 100mm sleeves (a stub of conduit through the floor) for less than 4645m2 served. An equivalent 100mm x 300mm slot may be used in lieu of three sleeves. Firestopping is required. If rooms are notvertically aligned, then 100mm horizontal conduit runs arerequired. Include no more than two 90° bends between pull points. Pulling iron or eyes embedded in the concretefor cable pulling is recommended. Fill should not exceed 40 percent for any run greater than two cables.

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Rule of thumb: Provide 0.7m2 of equipment room floor spacefor every 10m2 of user workstation area.

LocationTypically, rooms should be located away from sources ofelectromagnetic interference (transformers, motors, x-ray,induction heaters, arc welders, radio and radar) unlessinterference is less than 3 V/m across the frequencyspectrum. Avoid sources of flooding.

PerimetresTypically, no false ceiling; all surfaces treated to reduce dust;walls and ceiling painted white or pastel to improve visibility.

Limited AccessTypically, single or double 0.91 x 2.03 lockable doors.

OtherTypically, no piping, ductwork, mechanical equipment orpower cabling should be allowed to pass through theequipment room. No unrelated storage.

HVAC 24 hours/day, 365 days/year, 18° to 24°C, 30 to 55 percent humidity, positive pressure.

Lighting Typically, 2.56m high, providing 50-foot candles @ 0.91mabove floor.

Number of Equipment RoomWorkstations Floor Space (sq.m)

101–400 37.16401–800 74.32

801–1,200 111.50

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in the floor at the left side of a plywood termination field, which are ideally located near the door. A fire extinguisher is recommended.

Riser Sleeve

Typical Telecommunications Room

HORIZONTAL PATHWAYS

Horizontal pathways extend between the telecommunicationsroom and the work area. A variety of generic pathwayoptions are described. Choice of pathway(s) is left to thediscretion of the designer. The most commonly employedpathway consists of cable bundles run from the telecomroom along J-hooks suspended above a plenum ceiling,

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Backbone & Horizontal Pathways

1. Telco Conduit 6. Vertical Backbone2. Telco Manhole 7. Telecom Room3. Entrance Conduit 8. Horizontal Cabling4. Telco Entrance Facility 9. Interbuilding Backbone5. Telecom Equipment Room 10. Electrical Entrance Facility

TELECOMMUNICATIONS ROOM

The telecommunications room on each floor is the junctionbetween backbone and horizontal pathways. It containsactive voice and data telecommunications equipment,termination fields and cross-connect wiring.

More than one telecom room per floor is required if distance to a work area exceeds 90m, or if floor area served exceeds 1000m2. Recommended room sizing is 3.0m x 3.4m for each 1000m2 area served.

Power, lighting, air conditioning and limited access aretypical. See requirements for Equipment Room. There is a minimum of three 100mm firestopped backbone sleeves

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Perimeter PathwaysOptions include surface raceway, recessed, molding andmultichannel (to carry separate power and lighting circuits).

Rule of thumb: Typically, size horizontal pathways byproviding 25mm2 of cross-section area for every 10m2 ofworkspace area being served.

Note: Typically, a pull box, splice box or pulling point isrequired for any constrained pathway where there are morethan two 90° bends, a 180° reverse bend or length morethan 30m.

Perimeter Pathway

Variety of Horizontal Pathways

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which fan out once a work zone is reached. They then dropthrough interior walls or support columns or raceways, andterminate at an information outlet (I/O). Other options are:

Multichannel RacewayCellular raceway ducts capable of routing telecom and power cabling separately in greater than 75mm reinforced concrete.

Cellular FloorPre-formed hollows, or steel-lined cells, are provided inconcrete, with header ducts from the telecom room arranged at right angles to the cells.

TrenchductA wide, solid tray, sometimes containing compartments, andfitted with a flat top(with gaskets) along its entire length. It is embedded flush with the concrete finish.

Access Floor/Raised FloorModular floor panels supported by pedestals, used incomputer rooms and equipment rooms.

Plenum/CeilingBundled cables, suspended above a false ceiling, fan out to drop through walls, power poles or along supportcolumns to baseboard level.

ConduitTo be considered only when outlet locations are permanent,device density low and flexibility (future changes) not required.

Cable TraysOptions include channel tray, ladder tray, solid bottom,ventilated and wireway.

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A multi-user telecommunication outlet assembly (MUTOA) is another methodology to reduce cabling moves, adds and changes in modular furniture settings. The user cord isdirectly connected to the MUTOA. A MUTOA location mustbe accessible and permanent, and may not be mounted inceiling spaces or under access flooring. Similarly, it cannotbe mounted in furniture unless that furniture is permanentlysecured to the building structure.

For more descriptive information on distance limitations and purposes of consolidation points and MUTOAs, seeANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.1.

ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE

Voice and data telecommunications cabling should not be run adjacent and parallel to power cabling – even along short distances – unless one or both cable types are shielded and grounded. For low-voltage communicationcables, 150mm is required from any fluorescent lightingfixture or power line over 2kVA and up to 600mm from anypower line over 5kVA. In general, telecommunicationscabling is routed separately, or several metres away frompower cabling. Similarly, telecommunications cabling isrouted away from large motors, generators, inductionheaters, arc welders, x-ray equipment, and radio frequency,microwave or radar sources.

Note: Distance recommendations from (1990) TIA/EIA-569are reproduced here by popular request.

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Access Floor/Raised Floor

Ceiling Utility Pole

CONSOLIDATION POINTS AND MUTOA’S

Consolidation points provide limited area connection access. Typically, a permanent flush wall, ceiling or supportcolumn-mounted panel serves modular furniture work areas.The panels must be unobstructed and fully accessible withoutmoving fixtures, equipment or heavy furniture.

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Notes

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FIRESTOPS

Annex A of the standard discusses various types of packing used to re-establish the integrity of fire-ratedstructures when these barriers have been penetrated bycable. This section briefly discusses passive mechanicalsystems and non-mechanical systems such as putty, caulk,cements, intumescent sheets and strips, silicone foams andpre-manufactured pillows. The most common method isstuffing all apertures with ceramic/mineral wool andcaulking both sides with fire-resistant putty.

Cutaway of Typical Firestop

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ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM

The main elements of a generic telecommunicationsinfrastructure for which this standard specifies anadministration system are:1. Horizontal pathways and cabling.2. Backbone pathways and cabling.3. Telecommunications grounding and bonding.4. Spaces (e.g. entrance facility, telecommunications room,

equipment room).5. Firestopping.

This standard addresses the administration of commercialtelecommunications infrastructure by:a) Assigning identifiers to components of the infrastructure.b) Specifying elements of information which make up

records for each identifier.c) Specifying relationships between these records to access

the information they contain.d) Specifying reports presenting information on groups

of records.e) Specifying graphical and symbolic requirements.

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PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD

The following extracts are taken from the ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A-2002 dated May 2002, AdministrationStandard for Commercial Telecommunications Infrastructure.

Modern buildings require an effective telecommunicationsinfrastructure to support the wide variety of services that relyon the electronic transport of information. Administrationincludes basic documentation and timely updating ofdrawings, labels and records. Administration should besynergistic with voice, data and video telecommunications,as well as with other building signal systems, includingsecurity, audio, alarms and energy management.

Administration can be accomplished with paper records, butin today’s increasingly complex telecommunicationsenvironment, effective administration is enhanced by the useof computer-based systems or even real time management.

Administrative record-keeping plays an increasinglynecessary role in the flexibility and management of frequentmoves, adds and changes. This section describes theadministrative record-keeping elements of a modernstructured cabling system.

ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A

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Required RecordsOne horizontal link record for each horizontal link.The horizontal link record shall contain the followinginformation:a) Horizontal link identifier (primary indexing identifier,

e.g. 1A-A47).b) Cable type (e.g. 4-pair, UTP category 5e, PVC).c) Location of TO (room, office or grid location).d) Outlet connector type (e.g. 8-position modular,

T568B, Cat5e).e) Cable length (e.g. 51m).f) Cross connect hardware type (e.g. 24-port modular

patch panel, T568B, Cat5e).

For TMGB and TGB labelling please see full standard.

CLASS 2Class 2 provides for the telecommunications infrastructureadministration needs of a single building with an ER andone or more TR’s within a single building. Class 2administration includes the elements of Class 1, plusidentifiers for backbone cabling, multiple element groundingand firestopping. Optional administration of pathways isallowed if they are understood.

Class 2 can be managed by using paper-based, generalpurpose spreadsheet software or special purpose cablemanagement software.

Infrastructure Identifiersa) Identifiers required as in Class 1.b) Building backbone cable identifier.c) Building backbone pair or optical fibre identifier.d) Firestopping location identifier.

Class 2 administration may include pathway identifiers.

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CLASSES OF ADMINISTRATION

Four classes of administration are specified in this standardto accommodate the complexity present in telecommunicationsinfrastructure. The specifications for each class includerequirements for identifiers, records and labelling.

An administration system may be managed using apaper-based system, general purpose spreadsheet software,or special purpose cable management software.

Classes are scalable and allow expansion without requiringchanges to existing identifiers or labels. For mission criticalsystems, buildings over 7000m2, or multi-tenant buildings,administration of pathways and spaces and outside plantelements is strongly recommended.

CLASS 1Addresses the needs of a premises that is served by a singleER. This ER is the only administration point in the buildingand has no backbone cable or campus cables connected toit. Simple cable pathways will generally be understoodwithout the need to be administered. If there is a need foradministration of the pathways then Class 2 should be usedas a minimum.

Class 1 is usually managed by using paper-based orgeneral purpose spreadsheet software.

Infrastructure Identifiersa) Telecommunications Space (TS) identifier.b) Horizontal link identifier.c) TMGB identifier.d) TGB identifier.

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CLASS 3Addresses the needs of the campus, including its buildingsand outside plant elements. Class 3 includes the elements ofClass 2, plus identifiers for building and campus cabling.Administration of building pathways and spaces, andoutside plant elements is recommended.

Class 3 may be managed with paper-based, generalpurpose spreadsheet software or special purpose cablemanagement software.

Infrastructure Identifiersa) Identifiers required in Class 2 administration.b) Building identifier.c) Campus backbone cable identifier.d) Campus backbone pair or optical fibre identifier.

The following identifiers are optional:a) Identifiers optional in Class 2 administration.b) Outside plant pathway element identifier.c) Campus pathway or element identifier.

Required Recordsa) Records required in Class 2 administration.b) One building record for each building.c) One campus backbone cable record for each campus

backbone cable.

Building records shall contain:a) Building name.b) Building location (e.g. street name).c) A list of all TS’s.d) Contact information for access.e) Access hours.

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Required Recordsa) Horizontal link records as specified in Class 1.b) One TS record for each TS.c) One backbone cable record for each backbone cable.d) One TMGB record for each TMGB.e) One TGB record for each TGB.f) One firestopping location record for each

firestopping location.

The TS record shall contain:a) TS identifier.b) Type of TS (e.g. TR, ER).c) Building room number.d) Key or access card identifier.e) Contact person.f) Hours of access.

Building backbone record shall contain:a) Building backbone identifier.b) Type of cable (e.g. 300 pair 24AWG Armoured

riser cable).c) Type of connecting hardware (e.g. 48 SC duplex

adapter panel).d) Cross connect table relating to each backbone cable

pair or optical fibre to other backbone cable or tohorizontal link.

For TMGB, TGB and firestopping labelling see full standard.

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Campus or site records shall contain:a) Campus or site name.b) Campus or site location (e.g. street name).c) Contact information for local administrator

of infrastructure.d) List of all buildings at the site or campus.e) Location of main cross connect, if applicable.f) Access hours.

COLOUR CODING IDENTIFICATIONThis section covers colour coding requirements fortermination fields and for horizontal cabling.

Termination FieldsColour coding of termination fields can assist with theadministration by making the structure of the cabling more intuitive.

The following table gives the colours that shall be usedwithin the termination fields. Cross connections generallyconnect termination fields of different colours.

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Campus records shall contain:a) Campus backbone identifier.b) Type of cable (e.g. 48 fibre, 50/125 OM3

indoor/outdoor duct).c) Type of connecting hardware (e.g. 48 SC duplex

adapter panel).d) Table relating to backbone terminations to other

backbone terminations or horizontal links, to which theyare cross connected.

CLASS 4Class 4 addresses the administration of multi-site system.Class 4 administration includes all elements of Class 3administration, plus an identifier for each site, and optionalidentifiers for intercampus elements, such as WANconnections. There are strong recommendations toadminister all pathways, spaces and outside plant elements.

Class 4 may be managed with paper-based, generalpurpose spreadsheet software or special purpose cablemanagement software.

Infrastructure Identifiersa) Identifiers required in Class 3 administration.b) Campus and site identifier.

The following identifiers are optional:a) Identifiers optional in Class 3 administration.b) Inter-campus element identifiers.

Required Recordsa) Records required in Class 3 administration.b) One campus or site record for each campus or site.

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Industry practices in some areas may prevent the use ofsome colours.

Termination Colour Pantone No. TypicalType Application

Demarcation Orange 150C Central Office ConnectionPoint

Network Green 353C User side of central officeConnection connectionCommon Purple 264C Connections to PBX,

Equipment Mainframe computer,LAN, Multiplexer

Key System Red 184C Connections to key telephone systems

First Level White – Terminations of building Backbone backbone cable, MC to IC’s

Second Level Grey 422C Termination of buildingBackbone backbone cable connecting

IC’s to HC’sCampus Backbone Brown 465C Termination of backbone

cable between buildingsHorizontal Blue 291C Terminations of horizontal

cable in TS’sMiscellaneous Yellow 101C Alarms, security or energy

management

Illustration of colour coding of termination fields.

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TIA/EIA-568-B.3-1Additional Transmission Performance Specifications for50/125µm Optical Fibre Cable.

TIA/EIA-569-A (1998) Commercial Building Standard for TelecommunicationsPathways and Spaces.

ISO/IEC 10810 (DRAFT)

TIA/EIA-570-A (1999)Residential and Light Commercial Telecommunication Wiring Standard.

TIA/EIA-606-A (2002)Administration Standard for the TelecommunicationsInfrastructure of Commercial Buildings.

IS0/IEC 11801 Issue 2 (2002) Generic Cabling for Customer Premises.

IEEE 802.3-2002 Revision of 2000 EditionCarrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection(CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specification.

IEEE 802.5-1998 (1998)Token Ring Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications(also known as ANSI/IEEE Std 802.5-1998).

OBTAINING ISO, TIA AND EIA DOCUMENTS

TIA and EIA documents may be purchased through GlobalEngineering Documents at www.global.ihs.com*. IEEEdocuments may be purchased through IEEE, www.ieee.org.

* Check worldwide offices on main site for an office near you.

78

LOOK BEYOND THE STANDARDS

The standards are intended to help you identify the minimumsolution you will require. Unfortunately, the standards do notalways adequately address the data traffic demands ofemerging technologies.

The standards are minimum requirements and ensure onlyminimal performance. You can’t meet the needs of the futureby installing products built around yesterday’s standards.Find a system that’s tested and certified well beyond presentday requirements. You need to ensure that your data cantravel reliably and efficiently tomorrow.

Fortunately, there are infrastructures that can handle VoIP,streaming video and other bandwidth-hungry applications.Anixter provides the right solutions.

REFERENCE DOCUMENTS FOR FURTHERINFORMATION ON CABLING STANDARDS

TIA/EIA-568-B.1 (2001)Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling StandardPart 1: General Requirements.

TIA/EIA-568-B.2 (2001)Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling StandardPart 2: Balanced Twisted-pair Cabling Components.

TIA/EIA-568-B.2-1 (2002)Transmission Performance Specifications for 4-Pair 100ohmCategory 6 cabling.

TIA/EIA-568-B.3 (2000)Optical Fibre Cabling Components Standard.

FURTHER INFORMATION

8180

CONTACT ANIXTER

For futher assistance or more information visitwww.anixter.com or contact your local Anixter office.

Some material in this publication is reproduced fromstandards publications which are copyrighted by theTelecommunications Industry Association. Where suchmaterial is used, it is included with written permission from the copyright holder.

This handbook was prepared by Anixter Distribution which is not affiliated with the Telecommunications IndustryAssociation, Electronic Industries Alliance, InternationalOrganisation for Standardization (ISO) or Cenelec (EN).None of the above standards organisations are responsiblefor the content of this publication.

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