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Anglo Saxons. A Day in the Life of…. History. 5 th Century: Germanic tribes invade Angles Saxons Jutes Established Anglo-Saxon presence in England (Angle-Land) Alfred the Great: “Rex Angul-Saxonum” Late 800s: fights away Danish invaders Promotes sense of national identity - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Anglo Saxons
A Day in the Life of…
History• 5th Century: Germanic tribes invade– Angles– Saxons– Jutes
• Established Anglo-Saxon presence in England (Angle-Land)
• Alfred the Great: “Rex Angul-Saxonum”– Late 800s: fights away
Danish invaders– Promotes sense of
national identity– Converts Latin texts to Old
English
Civilizations• Anglo-Saxons
settled away from old Roman cities
• Strategic sites for agriculture or river ports to control land.
• One-room structures of timber and thatch
• Village centered around “Mead-Hall,” with central hearth.
Values• Strength, courage, and
power• Hated peace—fighting
is more honorable.• Revenge taken
seriously• War ended only by
“wergild” or “peace-weaver.”
• Worst fate: survive fellow warriors or exile.
Religion
Beliefs carried over from Germanic Paganism• Pagan Gods: Tyr, Woden, Thor, Frigg• Christianization occurred between 597-686AD• Pagan information documented through priests
set out to destroy it.• Example: St. Augustine, Kentish King, and
Woden
Law• Saxon Chiefs chopped off hands and
noses to punish petty crimes.
• Fear maintained control.
• A good king was a fearsome king.
• A good king was also generous.– Warrior gifts for acts of bravery in battle.
Ic wiht geseah on wege feran, A strange creature ran on a
rippling road,
seo wæs wrætlice wundrum gegierwed: Its cut was wild, its body bowed,
hæfde feowere fet under wombe Four feet under belly, eight on
its back,
ond ehtuwe Two wings, twelve eyes, six
heads, one track.
monn h w M wiif m x l kf wf hors qxxs ufon on hrycge;
5It cruised the waves decked out
like a bird, 5
hæfde tu fiþru ond twelf eagan But was more--the shape of a
horse, man,
ond siex heafdu. Saga hwæt hio wære. Dog, bird, and the face of a
woman--
For flodwegas; ne wæs þæt na fugul ana, Weird riddle-craft riding the
drift of words--
ac þær wæs æghwylces anra gelicnes 10Now sing the solution to what
you've heard.
horses ond monnes, hundes ond fugles,
ond eac wifes wlite. þu wast, gif þu const,
to gesecganne, þæt we soð witan--
hu þære wihte wise gonge.
Riddle 34
SHIP!
Power and treasure for a prince to hold,
Hard and steep-cheeked, wrapped in red
Gold and garnet, ripped from a plain
Of bright flowers, wrought--a remnant
Of fire and file, bound in stark beauty
5
With delicate wire, my grip makes
Warriors weep, my sting threatens
The hand that grasps gold. Studded
With a ring, I ravage heir and heirloom
* * *
To my lord and foes always lovely
10
And deadly, altering face and form.
Riddle 69
SWORD!
In battle I rage against wave and wind,
Strive against storm, dive down seeking
A strange homeland, shrouded by the sea.
In the grip of war, I am strong when still;
In battle-rush, rolled and ripped
In flight. Conspiring wind and wave
Would steal my treasure, strip my hold,
But I seize glory with a guardian tail
As the clutch of stones stands hard
Against my strength. Can you guess my name?
Riddle 14
• ANCHOR!
Who am I who stand so boldly by the sea road--
Hightowering, cheek-bright, useful to men?
Riddle 68
• LIGHTHOUSE!
My head is struck by a forging hammer,
Sheared close by a shaping blade,
Honed smooth by a fierce file.
Sometimes I swallow my tempered foe,
When bound by rings, I heave from behind,
Thrust a long limb through a hard hole,
Catch hard the keeper of the heart's pleasure,
Twist with my tongue and turn back
The midnight guardian of my lord's treasure
When the conquering warrior comes to hold
The gift of slaughter, the joy of gold.
Riddle 87
• KEY!