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Wound
PathogenDevelopmental signal
VSP, Thi2.1JA COI1
Light
CEV1
Hook
formation
PDF1.2
ERF1
SAPR1,
defencePathogen
PHYA,PHYB
DAD1 OPR3
OPDA
Defence
Pathogen
Developmental signal
C2H4
ETR1 CTR1
NPR1
Light induced genes
DDE2
Defence
COI1 Defence,
growth inhibition,fertility
Growth
inhibition
AtMYC2
EIN2
WRKY70
EIN3
New frontiers between plant responses to stress and
development and applications for health and fuel production
Plant Molecular Science
and for Systems and Synthetic Biology Centre
CAR
Research Area 1.
Investigation on the mechanism of action of jasmonates on growth and
metabolite production and their potential application
G1 S G2 M
JAs are distress signals reducing vegetative growth, during defence responses
Sandra Noir, Moritz Bömer et al 2013
JAs
1a. Establish the link between jasmonate signalling and the cell cycle.
A Devoto 2/15
1b. The Effect of Jasmonates on Chromatin Remodelling
COI1Skp1/Ask1
Cullin
HDA6
Devoto et al 2002 Plant J 2002
Important to regulate environmental response
genes
Genome-wide analysis of histone modifications
by chIP-CHIP and chIP-SEQ
Collaboration with Motaki Seki, Jong-Myong Kim, RIKEN CSRS, Japan
Research Area 1. ctd
Investigation on the mechanism of action of jasmonates on growth and
metabolite production and their potential application
A Devoto 3/15
1c. Testing the effectiveness of JAs on cancer cells and developing functional
bioassays
•JA also suppresses cell proliferation in human cancer cell lines, opening a door for
the potential use of JAs as therapeutics
•Identification of active genes and 2 metabolites.
Moritz Bömer et al in preparation
Collaboration with A Harvey, Brunel University; N Smirnoff, University of Exeter
Research Area 1. ctd
Investigation on the mechanism of action of jasmonates on growth and
metabolite production and their potential application
A Devoto 4/15
Research Area 2.
Engineering Plant Cell Walls for biofuel production and to improve
biomass production and release
Cook , Francocci et al in preparation
Collaboration with S Ferrari, F Cervone, Rome ‘La Sapienza’ and
the late Prof P Bolwell,
•Tobacco and Arabidopsis lines down-
regulated for carbon flux into the
phenylpropanoid pathway, xylan,
lignification-specific peroxidase, and pectins
•Fungal pretreatment with white rots
David Kretschmann Nature Materials 2, 775 - 776 (2003)
A Devoto 5/15
Jasmonates
Defence/Cell death Cell cycle
ROS production MAPKs induction
JAs mediate senescence and wound responses …
…and suppress cell proliferation in human cancer cell lines.
Balbi and Devoto 2008. New Phytol, 77: 301-318
The JAs effects on basic cellular machineries such as induction of
cell cycle arrest, activation of MAPK cascades, production of ROS
species in animal cancer cells are shared with plants
Effects of jasmonates on plant and cancer cells
Mechanisms
identified in both cell
types
Possible diversification
in the mechanisms
controlling the final
outputs in either animal
or plant cells
A Devoto 6/15
MeJA alters the evolution of
the leaf area by affecting cell
size and cell number in a
COI1-dependent manner
Noir, Moritz Bömer et al (2013) Plant
Physiology 161 (4) 1930-1951
A Devoto 7/15
Full genome transcript profiling upon
continuous MeJA treatment during leaf
development
Ribosomal genes
…40 array chips and n QRTPCR later…
Noir, Moritz Bömer et al (2013) Plant Physiology 161 (4) 1930-1951
Continuous MeJA stress delays the onset of endoreduplication
in a COI1-dependent manner during leaf development
Flow cytometry: Nuclear DNA content
coi1-16B
aos
WT
Noir, Moritz Bömer et al (2013) Plant Physiology 161 (4) 1930-1951
Key processes regulated by MeJA continuous treatment
to control leaf size
Continuous MeJA treatment keeps Arabidopsis seedlings in a ‘stand by/ready-
to-go’ mode, where plants are ready to go/grow again once the stress signal is
released
It is not yet known whether and how the JA/SA
pathways might be exploited by pathogens to
alter plant cell growth…
A Devoto 9/15
•putative berberine bridge enzyme
•berberine bridge enzyme-like protein
•strictosidine synthasecytochrome P450-like protein CYP79B2
phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL1)4-coumarate:CoA ligase 2
cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase
putative cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase;
chalcone synthase
putative flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase dihydroflavonol 4-reductase
leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX)UDP rhamnose-anthocyanidin-3-glucoside
•putative limonene cyclase
•Myrcene/ocimene synthase (MOS)squalene epoxidase homologue
S-adenosyl-methionine-sterol-C-
methyltransferase
alk
alo
ids
ph
en
oli
cs
terp
en
oid
s
… for secondary product synthesis
25% of the MeJA-induced genes…
Devoto et al 2005 PMB 58:497–513WT coi1
0 0.5 6 1 6 0 0.5 6 1 6hrs
JA JA
A Devoto 10/15
Growth inhibition of cancer cells incubated with plant mutants: JA,
dependency and selectivity…targeted identification of metabolites in
progress…
MDA-MB-361
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
G Col-gl1 Col-gl1
+
coi1-16 coi1-16
+
aos aos + COV99 COV99
+
cev1 cev1 +
RC
N
MCF-10A
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
G Col-gl1 Col-gl1
+
coi1-16 coi1-16
+
aos aos + COV99 COV99
+
cev1 cev1 +
RC
N
MDA-MB-361
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
Col-gl1 ** coi1-16 ** aos *** COV99 *** cev1 ***
inhib
itio
n in
%
MCF-10A
-20.0
-10.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
Col-gl1 * coi1-16 aos COV99 cev1 **
inhib
itio
n in %
Cancer cells
non -tumorigenic cells
Cancer cells
non -tumorigenic cells
Novel bioassay…
to improve the understanding of jasmonate-regulated pathways
affecting the growth of cancer cells
Moritz Bömer et al in preparation
Collaboration with A Harvey, Brunel University; N Smirnoff, University of Exeter
Credit: Charis Cook
COOK AND DEVOTO A (2011). J Sci Food and Agricult, 91: 1729–1732
Cigarettes kindly provided by Dr A Daudi!
‘LIVING IN A BOX’: The substrate for second generation biofuels
is lignocellulosic material obtained from plant cell walls
David Kretschmann Nature Materials 2, 775 - 776 (2003)
After the cell has grown to its
full size, cells in some tissue
develop secondary cell wall
layers between the primary cell
wall and the lumen
L-Phenyl alanine
Cinnamic Acid
p-coumaric Acid
Hydroxycinnamoyl CoA Esters
Hydroxylcinnamaldehydes
Monolignols
Lignin
PAL
C4H
4CL
CCR
CAD
Peroxidases
CINNAMATE-4-HYDROXYLASE C4H controls
how much carbon is allocated to the pathway
(Blee et al. 2001).
CINNAMOYL COA REDUCTASE CCR regulates
carbon allocation to specific monolignol
synthesis pathways (O’Connell et al. 2002)
Peroxidases including TP60 carry out the final
polymerisation of the monolignols to lignin (Bleeet al. 2003).
… and a xylan biosynthesis gene
UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase synthesises UDP-
xylose, which make up xylan backbone (Bindschedler
et al. (2007)
UDP glucose → UDP glucuronic acid → UDP xylose
Tobacco lines down-regulated in lignin synthesis genes
A Devoto 13/15
Degradation of a dead tree by ''Phanerochaetechrysosporium''; Mag5x.
http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/File:Whiterot.jpg
Pretreatment of cell wall material with white rot fungi to
remove lignin from cell walls to improve cellulose
accessibility
Processing of CWs carried out to determine saccharification using
Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Trametes cingulata (lignin removal),
Trichoderma reesei (xylan and cellulose digestibility)
•Depolymerise lignin and can metabolise lignin as a primary carbon source.
•Live on dead trees in the wild
•Can strip lignin off cellulose with no need for alkalis, high pressure or high
temperature.
A Devoto 14/15
JAs and cell cycle
Chromatin remodellingRHUL, UK
Dr Sandra Noir – Post DocMoritz Bömer - PhD Student
Tsui Tjir-Li – MSc student
Dr Zoltan Magyar – Post Doc
Dr Virginia Balbi – Post DocPaolo Bombelli– Res assistant
Safina Khan – Res assistantKlara Godo – Research
assistant
Dr Keiko Sugimoto, RIKEN CSRS, JapanDr Motaki Seki, Dr Jong-Myong
Kim, RIKEN CSRS, JapanDr Naoki Takahashi, NAIST,
Japan
Metabolomics
Dr. H. Florance Dr Venura Perera
Prof. Nick Smirnoff University of Exeter
CSSB, Systems and synthetic
biology centre, RHUL, UK
SBS
Prajwal Bhat- PhD StudentEmanuele Libertini - PhD Student
CS Dr Hugh ShanahanProf Alberto Paccanaro
University of Milan, ItalyMonica Bertossi - PhD Student
Prof Piero Morandini
Effect of Jasmonateson the
Biology of Normal and Tumour CellsDrs Amanda Harvey and Aican
CynarBrunel University, UK
Biofuel production - Pectin
modified linesProf Felice Cervone Prof Giulia De Lorenzo
Prof Daniela BellincampiDr Simone Ferrari
Dr Fedra Francocci, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Italy